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Foreign bodies: Is it feasible to develop tolerance for ambiguity among medical students through Equine-Facilitated learning?
|
Intolerance of ambiguity among medical students is associated with negative attitudes towards psychosocially complex patients. In this paper, the authors evaluated the feasibility of a 3.5-hour workshop aimed at fostering tolerance for ambiguity in medical students through semi-structured interactions with horses that functioned as experiential surrogates for ambiguity. Among 26 first-year medical students who participated in the feasibility assessment, an overwhelming majority rated the workshop as academically valuable and recommended that it be offered again in the future. After feasibility was established, an additional group of 7 first-year medical students and 5 fourth-year students completed Budner's Tolerance of Ambiguity scale before and after the workshop to provide preliminary data on its effectiveness. The post-workshop mean scores on the Budner scale were lower than pre-workshop mean scores, suggesting that students developed greater tolerance for ambiguity following the workshop. This difference was statistically significant among the first-year students, but not among the fourth-year students. Our findings demonstrate that the equine-facilitated workshop is feasible and can potentially help medical students develop greater tolerance for ambiguity.
|
['Animals', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Cues', 'Education, Medical, Undergraduate', 'Horses', 'Humans', 'Program Evaluation', 'Rhode Island', 'Schools, Medical', 'Students, Medical', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 30,857,449
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['I02.358.399.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.680'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578'], ['M01.848.769.602'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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Predictors of depressive symptoms in persons with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a longitudinal study.
|
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to determine whether diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a risk factor for depressive symptoms and examine the potential mechanisms for this relationship.METHODS: This longitudinal study (9 and 18 month follow-up) of 338 DPN patients (mean age 61 years; 71% male; 73% type 2 diabetes) examined the temporal relationships between DPN severity (mean +/- SD; neuropathy disability score [NDS], 7.4 +/- 2.2; mean vibration perception threshold, 41.5 +/- 9.5 V), DPN somatic experiences (symptoms and foot ulceration), DPN psychosocial consequences (restrictions in activities of daily living [ADL] and social self-perception) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression subscale measuring depressive symptoms (HADS-D; mean 4.9 +/- 3.7).RESULTS: Controlling for baseline HADS-D and demographic/disease variables, NDS at baseline significantly predicted increased HADS-D over 18 months. This association was mediated by baseline unsteadiness, which was significantly associated with increased HADS-D. Baseline ADL restrictions significantly predicted increased HADS-D and partly mediated the association between baseline unsteadiness and change in HADS-D. Increased pain, unsteadiness and ADL restrictions from baseline to 9 months each significantly predicted increased HADS-D over 18 months. Change in social self-perception from baseline to 9 months significantly predicted increased HADS-D and partly mediated the relationships of change in unsteadiness and ADL restrictions with change in HADS-D.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These results confirm that neuropathy is a risk factor for depressive symptoms because it generates pain and unsteadiness. Unsteadiness is the symptom with the strongest association with depression, and is linked to depressive symptoms by perceptions of diminished self-worth as a result of inability to perform social roles.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Depression', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Concept', 'Social Behavior']
| 19,399,473
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['C10.668.829.300', 'C19.246.099.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.813']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Trends in the human sex odds at birth in Europe and the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident.
|
To investigate trends in the sex odds before and after the Chernobyl accident, gender-specific annual birth statistics were obtained from the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Norway, Poland, and Sweden between 1982 and 1992. For parts of Germany, annual birth statistics and fallout measurements after Chernobyl are available at the district level. Trend models allowing for discontinuities of the male birth proportions are suggested. Superimposed on a downward trend in male proportions there was a jump in 1987 with a sex odds ratio of 1.0047 (95%-confidence interval: 1.0013-1.0081, p=0.0061). A positive association of the male proportion in Germany between 1986 and 1991 with radioactive exposure at the district level is reflected by a sex odds ratio of 1.0145 per mSv/a (1.0021-1.0271, p=0.0218). These findings suggest a possible long-term chronic influence of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident on the human sex odds at birth in several European countries.
|
['Air Pollutants, Radioactive', 'Birth Rate', 'Cesium Radioisotopes', 'Chernobyl Nuclear Accident', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Live Birth', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Odds Ratio', 'Population Surveillance', 'Radioactive Fallout', 'Radioactive Hazard Release', 'Sex Ratio', 'Stillbirth', 'Time Factors']
| 17,482,426
|
[['D20.693.101', 'D27.888.284.101.393'], ['E05.318.308.985.775.500', 'N01.224.935.849.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.775.500', 'N06.850.520.308.985.775.500'], ['D01.268.549.125.500.300', 'D01.268.556.165.500.300', 'D01.496.180.300', 'D01.496.749.190', 'D01.552.528.160.500.300', 'D01.552.544.165.500.300'], ['K01.400.504.968.150', 'N06.850.135.848.500'], ['Z01.542'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.496.249'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['D20.693.555', 'N06.850.810.460'], ['N06.850.135.848'], ['G05.815', 'I01.240.800.815', 'N01.224.803.815', 'N06.850.505.400.850.815'], ['C13.703.223.650', 'C23.550.260.585.630', 'G08.686.784.769.496.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Varietal differences among the phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of four cultivars of spine grape (Vitis davidii Foex) in Chongyi County (China).
|
Spine grape (Vitis davidii Foex) is an important wild plant species in South China. To provide sufficient experimental evidence for the strong antioxidant activity of spine grapes, four cultivars from Chongyi County, China, including three red varieties (Junzi #1, Junzi #2, and Liantang) and one white variety (Baiyu) were evaluated. The Junzi #1 had the highest phenolic content (total phenolic, flavonoids, flavanols, and anthocyanins) and the strongest antioxidant capacity (DPPH radical-scavenging capacity, cupric-reducing capacity and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity) among the four varieties. HPLC analysis of spine grapes revealed that the (+)-catechin was the most abundant phenolics and the hydroxycinnamic acids were the major phenolic acids in the four varieties. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the Junzi #1 belongs to the group with high phenolic content and strong antioxidant power. The results suggest the Junzi #1 has the best health promoting properties, and the higher utilization value and potential for development.
|
['Antioxidants', 'China', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Fruit', 'Phenols', 'Plant Extracts', 'Vitis']
| 23,442,655
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.965.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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A systematic exploration of high-temperature stress-responsive genes in potato using large-scale yeast functional screening.
|
Potato (S. tuberosum) is a highly heat-sensitive crop; a slight rise from optimal temperature can lead to drastic decline in tuber yield. Despite several advancements made in breeding for thermo-tolerant potato, molecular mechanisms governing thermo-tolerance is poorly understood. The first step towards understanding the thermo-tolerance mechanism is to identify the key genes involved in it. Here we used a yeast-based functional screening method to identify, characterize and classify potato genes with potentials to impart heat tolerance. We constructed two cDNA expression libraries from heat-stressed potato plants (35 °C) after 2 and 48 h of treatment. 95 potential candidate genes were identified based on enhanced ability of yeast cells over-expressing heterologous potato cDNA sequences to tolerate heat stress. Cross-resistance analysis of these heat-tolerant yeast clones to other abiotic stresses indicated that 20 genes were responsive to drought, 14 to salt and 11 to heat/drought/salt stresses. Comparison of 95 genes with reported whole potato transcriptome data showed that majority of them have varying expression patterns under heat, drought and salt stresses. The expression pattern was validated by analyzing the expression of 22 randomly selected genes under various stresses using qPCR. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these 95 genes indicated that most of them are involved in various cellular metabolism, signal transduction, response to stress and protein folding, suggesting possible role of these genes in heat tolerance of potato. Genes identified from this study can be potential candidates for engineering heat tolerance as well as broad-spectrum abiotic stress tolerance of potato.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Computational Biology', 'Droughts', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Library', 'Genes, Plant', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Hot Temperature', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Salinity', 'Salt-Tolerant Plants', 'Solanum tuberosum', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 24,357,347
|
[['D23.101'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['G16.500.175.781', 'G16.500.750.775.154', 'N06.230.100.230.150'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.325'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['E05.916.680'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G02.640.500'], ['B01.650.723'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Effects of short and prolonged mild intracellular nitric oxide manipulations on various aspects of insulin secretion in INS-1E â-cells.
|
OBJECTIVE: We aimed at evaluating the impact of short and prolonged mild manipulations of intracellular nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability on the main features of insulin secretion and whether NO promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in isolated â-cells.MATERIALS/METHODS: INS-1E â-cells were exposed to either the intracellular NO donor, hydroxylamine (HA), or the NO synthase inhibitor, L-nitro-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME), at concentrations lower than 2.0 mM. Glucose and arginine-induced insulin secretion (GIIS and AIIS) were measured after short (1 h) or prolonged (48 h) exposure to L-NAME 1.0 and 2.0 mM or HA 0.4 and 0.8 mM, lower concentrations were also evaluated for the 1 h effects. Basal insulin secretion (BIS), with either HA or L-NAME added to culture media, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor ã coactivator 1á (PGC-1á), nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1), and mitochondrial DNA transcription factor-A (Tfam) gene expression during chronic HA supplementation were also measured.RESULTS: Neither L-NAME nor HA affected insulin release at glucose 3.3 mM or in cell culture (BIS). Both short and prolonged cell exposure to L-NAME potentiated GIIS though with a flat dose-response curve while HA inhibited GIIS only at the highest concentration. AIIS was prevented by short exposure to L-NAME and potentiated by HA, while it did not respond to prolonged incubations. Prolonged cell exposure to HA had no effect on PGC-1á, NRF-1 or Tfam gene expression.CONCLUSION: In INS1E cells an intact NO synthesis is necessary to limit insulin release in response to acute glucose gradients and to fully respond to arginine while intracellular NO enrichment above the physiologic levels further inhibits GIIS and potentiate AIIS only when excessive. Prolonged NO manipulations do not affect AIIS, BIS or mitochondrial biogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Arginine', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Glucose', 'Hydroxylamine', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Intracellular Fluid', 'Mitochondria', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 22,328,114
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D01.625.062.437'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['A03.734.414.131', 'A06.300.414.087', 'A06.390.131', 'A11.382.625.092', 'A11.436.294.092'], ['A11.284.430.429', 'A11.284.835.450', 'A12.207.515'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protecting healthcare staff from severe acute respiratory syndrome: filtration capacity of multiple surgical masks.
|
Guidelines issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organisation state that healthcare workers should wear N95 masks or higher-level protection during all contact with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). In areas where N95 masks are not available, multiple layers of surgical masks have been tried to prevent transmission of SARS. The in vivo filtration capacity of a single surgical mask is known to be poor. However, the filtration capacity of a combination of masks is unknown. This was a crossover trial of one, two, three and five surgical masks in six volunteers to determine the in vivo filtration efficiency of wearing more than one surgical mask. We used a Portacount to measure the difference in ambient particle counts inside and outside the masks. The best combination of five surgical masks scored a fit factor of 13.7, which is well below the minimum level of 100 required for a half face respirator. Multiple surgical masks filter ambient particles poorly. They should not be used as a substitute for N95 masks unless there is no alternative.
|
['Cross-Over Studies', 'Equipment Design', 'Filtration', 'Humans', 'Infection Control', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional', 'Masks', 'Particle Size', 'Prospective Studies', 'Respiratory Protective Devices', 'Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome']
| 15,749,326
|
[['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['N06.850.335.500'], ['E07.325.877.500', 'E07.700.500', 'E07.858.594.750', 'J01.637.708.560.782'], ['G02.712'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E07.700.700', 'J01.637.708.560.937'], ['C01.748.730', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.750', 'C08.730.730']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pinacidil pretreatment extends ischemia tolerance of neonatal rabbit hearts.
|
OBJECTIVES: Activating ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels improves ischemia tolerance of adult rabbit hearts. We hypothesize that (a) endogenous activation of the K(ATP) channel accounts for better ischemia tolerance of neonatal hearts and (b) exogenous K(ATP) channel activation with pinacidil further improves the neonatal heart's tolerance to cardioplegic ischemia.METHODS: Study 1: Seven (control) neonatal rabbits received intraperitoneal saline, whereas five others (Glib) received 0.3 mg/kg glibenclamide 10 min before sacrifice. They were perfused on Langendorff with Krebs-Henseleit buffer (KHB). Baseline left ventricle (LV) performance and coronary flow (CF) were measured. After 20 min of 37 degrees C ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion, recovery was measured. Study 2: Ten (control) neonatal hearts underwent 90 min of normothermic ischemia with St. Thomas' cardioplegia (STCP) solution administered every 30 min. Ten others were pretreated with a 10-min infusion of 1 microM pinacidil in KHB and received 1 microM pinacidil-enriched STCP. Recovery of LV performance and CF were measured after 60 min of reperfusion.RESULTS: Study 1: Glib significantly reduced preischemia LV performance by 28%* compared to control hearts. Recovery of Glib-treated hearts was significantly less (67%*) than controls (81%*). Study 2: Pinacidil-treated hearts had significantly better recovery of LV performance (39%*) and CF (78%*) compared to 23 and 52%, respectively, in untreated controls (*P < 0.05 vs control hearts).CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous K(ATP) channel activation in neonatal hearts contributes to their better tolerance to ischemia. Exogenous K(ATP) channel activation by pinacidil pretreatment and cardioplegic enrichment significantly improved the neonatal rabbit heart's tolerance to cardioplegic ischemia. This may be an important addition to myocardial protection during pediatric cardiac surgery.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Cardioplegic Solutions', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Diastole', 'Heart Arrest, Induced', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Myocardial Reperfusion', 'Myocardium', 'Pinacidil', 'Potassium Channels', 'Rabbits', 'Vasodilator Agents', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 10,792,953
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D26.776.708.160', 'D27.505.954.411.207', 'D27.505.954.578.322', 'D27.720.752.322'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['E04.100.376.374', 'E04.928.220.360'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E04.100.700.600', 'E05.680.730.600'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D02.078.370.729'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D27.505.954.411.918'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Orbitofrontal cortex mediates pain inhibition by monetary reward.
|
Pleasurable stimuli, including reward, inhibit pain, but the level of the neuraxis at which they do so and the cerebral processes involved are unknown. Here, we characterized a brain circuitry mediating pain inhibition by reward. Twenty-four healthy participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while playing a wheel of fortune game with simultaneous thermal pain stimuli and monetary wins or losses. As expected, winning decreased pain perception compared to losing. Inter-individual differences in pain modulation by monetary wins relative to losses correlated with activation in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC). When pain and reward occured simultaneously, mOFCs functional connectivity changed: the signal time course in the mOFC condition-dependent correlated negatively with the signal time courses in the rostral anterior insula, anterior-dorsal cingulate cortex and primary somatosensory cortex, which might signify moment-to-moment down-regulation of these regions by the mOFC. Monetary wins and losses did not change the magnitude of pain-related activation, including in regions that code perceived pain intensity when nociceptive input varies and/or receive direct nociceptive input. Pain inhibition by reward appears to involve brain regions not typically involved in nociceptive intensity coding but likely mediate changes in the significance and/or value of pain.
|
['Adult', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Female', 'Gyrus Cinguli', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Nerve Net', 'Neural Inhibition', 'Pain Perception', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Reward', 'Young Adult']
| 28,119,505
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.590.500', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.382.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['A08.511'], ['G07.265.755', 'G11.561.616'], ['F02.463.593.504'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Nucleoporin MOS7/Nup88 contributes to plant immunity and nuclear accumulation of defense regulators.
|
Controlled nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is an important feature for fine-tuning signaling pathways in eukaryotic organisms. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) composed of nucleoporin proteins (Nups) are essential for the exchange of macromolecules across the nuclear envelope. A recent genetic screen in our laboratory identified a partial loss-of-function mutation in Arabidopsis MOS7/Nup88 that causes defects in basal immunity, Resistance (R) protein-mediated defense and systemic acquired resistance. In Drosophila and mammalian cells, exportin-mediated nuclear export of activated Rel/NFêB transcription factors is enhanced in nup88 mutants resulting in immune response failure. Consistent with Nup88 promoting nuclear retention of NFêB, our functional analyses revealed that MOS7/Nup88 is required for appropriate nuclear accumulation of the autoactivated R protein snc1, as well as the key immune regulators EDS1 and NPR1. These results suggest that controlling the nuclear concentrations of specific immune regulators is fundamental for defining defense outputs.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Animals', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Cell Nucleus', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins', 'Plant Immunity']
| 21,327,081
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D12.776.157.530.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.750.625'], ['G12.450.800', 'G15.630']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hemoglobin S-nitrosylation plays an essential role in cardioprotection.
|
Homeostatic control of tissue oxygenation is achieved largely through changes in blood flow that are regulated by the classic physiological response of hypoxic vasodilation. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the control of blood flow is a central tenet of cardiovascular biology. However, extensive evidence now indicates that hypoxic vasodilation entails S-nitrosothiol-based (SNO-based) vasoactivity (rather than NO per se) and that this activity is conveyed substantially by the âCys93 residue in hemoglobin. Thus, tissue oxygenation in the respiratory cycle is dependent on S-nitrosohemoglobin. This perspective predicts that red blood cells (RBCs) may play an important but previously undescribed role in cardioprotection. Here, we have found that cardiac injury and mortality in models of myocardial infarction and heart failure were greatly enhanced in mice lacking âCys93 S-nitrosylation. In addition, âCys93 mutant mice exhibited adaptive collateralization of cardiac vasculature that mitigated ischemic injury and predicted outcomes after myocardial infarction. Enhanced myopathic injury and mortality across different etiologies in the absence of âCys93 confirm the central cardiovascular role of RBC-derived SNO-based vasoactivity and point to a potential locus of therapeutic intervention. Our findings also suggest the possibility that RBCs may play a previously unappreciated role in heart disease.
|
['Animals', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Erythrocytes', 'Heart Failure', 'Hemoglobins', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Vasodilation']
| 27,841,756
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['C14.280.434'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evolution of DNA-methylation machinery: DNA methyltransferases and methyl-DNA binding proteins in the amphioxus Branchiostoma floridae.
|
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark associated with gene regulation and cell memory, silencing of transposable elements, genomic imprinting, and repression of spurious transcription of duplicated sequences. These roles have varied widely during animal evolution and current functions depend on the specific methylation pattern of the species under consideration. The patterns of methylation are established, maintained, and translated into appropriate functional states by the DNA-methylation machinery, which includes three groups of methyltransferase enzymes, Dnmt1, Dnmt2 and Dnmt3, and five methyl-DNA binding proteins, Mbd1, Mbd2, Mbd3, Mbd4, and MeCP2. In this study, I have identified the members of the Dnmt and the Mbd gene families in the cephalochordate amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae), the most basal extant chordate and one of the closest sister groups of vertebrates. Database searches, phylogenetic studies and protein domain analyses revealed the presence of the three major groups of Dnmt enzymes in the cephalochordate genome, whereas only two Mbd members, Mbd2/3 and Mbd4, were found. Analysis of the amphioxus methylation machinery suggested that the complexity and the structural organization of cephalochordate methyltransferases do not differ substantially from those of current vertebrate enzymes, while new Mbd proteins arose in vertebrates, which perhaps minimized certain collateral effects associated with the major genomic changes that occurred during the invertebrate-vertebrate transition.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Chordata, Nonvertebrate', 'DNA Methylation', 'DNA Modification Methylases', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny']
| 18,813,943
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.200', 'B01.050.500.272'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['D08.811.150.240', 'D08.811.913.555.500.350'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel class of antagonists for the FFAs receptor GPR40.
|
The free fatty acid receptor, GPR40, is implicated in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, and is a new potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Its antagonist is thought to be not only a useful chemical probe for further exploring the function of GPR40 but also a lead structure for drug development. With virtual screening based on a homology model followed by a cell-based calcium mobilization assay, we found that sulfonamides are a new class of small organic antagonists for GPR40. One of the compounds, DC260126, dose-dependently inhibited GPR40-mediated Ca(2+) elevations stimulated by linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitoleic acid and lauric acid (IC(50): 6.28+/-1.14, 5.96+/-1.12, 7.07+/-1.42, 4.58+/-1.14 microM, respectively), reduced GTP-loading and ERK1/2 phosphorylation stimulated by linoleic acid in GPR40-CHO cells, suppressed palmitic acid potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and negatively regulated GPR40 mRNA expression induced by oleic acid in Min6 cells.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cattle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled', 'Sulfonamides']
| 19,818,732
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['D10.251.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.543.750.695'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bcl-2 as a predictor of chemosensitivity and prognosis in primary epithelial ovarian cancer.
|
This retrospective study of ovarian cancer aimed to elucidate whether expression of apoptosis-related proteins, bcl-2, p53 or MDM-2, is associated with resistance to chemotherapy, especially cisplatin (CDDP) based chemotherapy. Expression of bcl-2, p53 and MDM-2 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of tumour tissues collected at initial surgery prior to treatment with CDDP-based chemotherapy. Among 66 patients with advanced ovarian cancer with measurable tumour following surgery and evaluable for response to chemotherapy, 42, 45 and 56% were positive for bcl-2, p53 and MDM-2, respectively. Significantly fewer tumours of patients who had a complete response to chemotherapy (CR) showed positivity for bcl-2 (2/20) than for p53 (6/20) and MDM-2 (8/20, P < 0.001). There was an inverse correlation between bcl-2 staining and initial response to chemotherapy, especially in serous and endometrial adenocarcinomas. In patients with stage III-IV, serous or endometrioid adenocarcinomas, significantly poorer survival was seen for those with bcl-2 positive tumours than those with negative bcl-2 staining (P = 0.0064). p53 and MDM-2 were not correlated with initial response to chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis revealed that bcl-2, residual tumour size and histology were significant independent prognostic factors. These results suggest that bcl-2 can be a possible predictor of response to chemotherapy and prognosis in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cisplatin', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 10,615,232
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['G07.690.773.984.300'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.660'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.562', 'D12.776.624.664.700.185', 'D12.776.660.764'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genome wide survey, evolution and expression analysis of PHD finger genes reveal their diverse roles during the development and abiotic stress responses in Brassica rapa L.
|
BACKGROUND: Plant homeodomain (PHD) finger proteins are widely present in all eukaryotes and play important roles in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. The PHD finger can specifically bind a number of histone modifications as an "epigenome reader", and mediate the activation or repression of underlying genes. Many PHD finger genes have been characterized in animals, but only few studies were conducted on plant PHD finger genes to this day. Brassica rapa (AA, 2n = 20) is an economically important vegetal, oilseed and fodder crop, and also a good model crop for functional and evolutionary studies of important gene families among Brassica species due to its close relationship to Arabidopsis thaliana.RESULTS: We identified a total of 145 putative PHD finger proteins containing 233 PHD domains from the current version of B. rapa genome database. Gene ontology analysis showed that 67.7% of them were predicted to be located in nucleus, and 91.3% were predicted to be involved in protein binding activity. Phylogenetic, gene structure, and additional domain analyses clustered them into different groups and subgroups, reflecting their diverse functional roles during plant growth and development. Chromosomal location analysis showed that they were unevenly distributed on the 10 B. rapa chromosomes. Expression analysis from RNA-Seq data showed that 55.7% of them were constitutively expressed in all the tested tissues or organs with relatively higher expression levels reflecting their important housekeeping roles in plant growth and development, while several other members were identified as preferentially expressed in specific tissues or organs. Expression analysis of a subset of 18 B. rapa PHD finger genes under drought and salt stresses showed that all these tested members were responsive to the two abiotic stress treatments.CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that the PHD finger genes play diverse roles in plant growth and development, and can serve as a source of candidate genes for genetic engineering and improvement of Brassica crops against abiotic stresses. This study provides valuable information and lays the foundation for further functional determination of PHD finger genes across the Brassica species.
|
['Brassica rapa', 'Chromosomes, Plant', 'Droughts', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Gene Duplication', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genomics', 'PHD Zinc Fingers', 'Phylogeny', 'Salt Stress', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Synteny']
| 31,651,238
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200.277'], ['A11.284.187.560', 'A18.005', 'G05.360.162.560'], ['G16.500.175.781', 'G16.500.750.775.154', 'N06.230.100.230.150'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.365.590.320', 'G05.558.320'], ['G05.308.375'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985.438'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G07.775.813'], ['G07.775'], ['G02.111.810.550.830', 'G05.810.550.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genome-wide association study of vitamin D concentrations in Hispanic Americans: the IRAS family study.
|
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with many adverse health outcomes. There are several well established environmental predictors of vitamin D concentrations, yet studies of the genetic determinants of vitamin D concentrations are in their infancy. Our objective was to conduct a pilot genome-wide association (GWA) study of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH](2)D) concentrations in a subset of 229 Hispanic subjects, followed by replication genotyping of 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the entire sample of 1190 Hispanics from San Antonio, Texas and San Luis Valley, Colorado. Of the 309,200 SNPs that met all quality control criteria, three SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other were significantly associated with 1,25[OH](2)D (rs6680429, rs9970802, and rs10889028) at a Bonferroni corrected P-value threshold of 1.62 ? 10(-7), however none met the threshold for 25[OH]D. Of the 50 SNPs selected for replication genotyping, five for 25[OH]D (rs2806508, rs10141935, rs4778359, rs1507023, and rs9937918) and eight for 1,25[OH](2)D (rs6680429, rs1348864, rs4559029, rs12667374, rs7781309, rs10505337, rs2486443, and rs2154175) were replicated in the entire sample of Hispanics (P<0.01). In conclusion, we identified several SNPs that were associated with vitamin D metabolite concentrations in Hispanics. These candidate polymorphisms merit further investigation in independent populations and other ethnicities.
|
['Adult', 'Colorado', 'Female', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Linkage Disequilibrium', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Texas', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 20,600,896
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.348.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Determination of the steroid hormone levels in water samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of a floating organic drop followed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
|
In this study, the steroid hormone levels in river and tap water samples were determined by using a novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of a floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO). Several parameters were optimized, including the type and volume of the extraction and dispersive solvents, extraction time, and salt effect. DLLME-SFO is a fast, cheap, and easy-to-use method for detecting trace levels of samples. Most importantly, this method uses less-toxic solvent. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was higher than 0.9991. The linear range was from 5 to 1000 microg L(-1). The spiked environmental water samples were analyzed using DLLME-SFO. The relative recoveries ranged from 87% to 116% for river water (which was spiked with 4 microg L(-1) for E1, 3 microg L(-1) for E2, 4 microg L(-1) for EE2 and 9 microg L(-1) for E3) and 89% to 102% for tap water (which was spiked with 6 microg L(-1) for E1, 5 microg L(-1) for E2, 6 microg L(-1) for EE2 and 10 microg L(-1) for E3). The detection limits of the method ranged from 0.8 to 2.7 microg L(-1) for spiked river water and 1.4 to 3.1 microg L(-1) for spiked tap water. The methods precision ranged from 8% to 14% for spiked river water and 7% to 14% for spiked tap water.
|
['Chemical Fractionation', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Estradiol', 'Estriol', 'Estrone', 'Ethinyl Estradiol', 'Rivers', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Supply']
| 20,152,263
|
[['E05.196.155'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.331', 'D06.472.334.851.437.750'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.414', 'D04.210.500.578.502.497', 'D06.472.040.502.497', 'D06.472.334.851.437.996'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.568.291', 'D06.472.334.851.437.968.500'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Towards the in silico identification of class II restricted T-cell epitopes: a partial least squares iterative self-consistent algorithm for affinity prediction.
|
MOTIVATION: The immunogenicity of peptides depends on their ability to bind to MHC molecules. MHC binding affinity prediction methods can save significant amounts of experimental work. The class II MHC binding site is open at both ends, making epitope prediction difficult because of the multiple binding ability of long peptides.RESULTS: An iterative self-consistent partial least squares (PLS)-based additive method was applied to a set of 66 peptides no longer than 16 amino acids, binding to DRB1*0401. A regression equation containing the quantitative contributions of the amino acids at each of the nine positions was generated. Its predictability was tested using two external test sets which gave r(pred) = 0.593 and r(pred) = 0.655, respectively. Furthermore, it was benchmarked using 25 known T-cell epitopes restricted by DRB1*0401 and we compared our results with four other online predictive methods. The additive method showed the best result finding 24 of the 25 T-cell epitopes.AVAILABILITY: Peptides used in the study are available from http://www.jenner.ac.uk/JenPep. The PLS method is available commercially in the SYBYL molecular modelling software package. The final model for affinity prediction of peptides binding to DRB1*0401 molecule is available at http://www.jenner.ac.uk/MHCPred. Models developed for DRB1*0101 and DRB1*0701 also are available in MHCPred.
|
['Algorithms', 'Binding Sites', 'Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques', 'Computer Simulation', 'Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Immunoassay', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 14,630,655
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.197.312', 'J01.897.836.249.249'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D23.050.550.402'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['E05.601.690'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dynamics of microbial biomass and community composition after short-term water status change in Chinese paddy soils.
|
Paddy soil experiences repeated anaerobic and aerobic changes during rice growth, the dramatic dynamics of soil water status accompanied by changes in redox condition and O2 availability. However, the effect of rapid water status change on soil microbial biomass and community composition is not well explored. Here, we present a comprehensive study focusing on the short-term water status change in 13 Chinese paddy soils. In order to gain a reliable way to determine soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in flooded or water-saturated soils, we also evaluated two different procedures (nitrogen bubbled and 100 °C water bath) to remove chloroform in extracts during the fumigation process. Compared to non-flooded paddy soils, the flooded paddy soils tended to have a lower microbial biomass, and this was much clearer using adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis compared to biomass measured by the fumigation method. Fungal biomass, which was indicated by both ergosterol and the PLFA 18:2ù6,9c, also decreased after short-term flooding. Changes in soil microbial community composition (determined by PLFA biomarkers) were observed after short-term flooding, but the extent varied between soils. This study indicates that the dynamics of short-term water status altered the soil microbial biomass (ATP, MBC, and total PLFA) and community composition. Finally, our results suggested that liquid fumigation combined with the nitrogen-bubbled method is the best choice for analyzing MBC concentrations in water-saturated soils.
|
['Bacteria', 'Biomass', 'China', 'Ergosterol', 'Fatty Acids', 'Fungi', 'Microbial Consortia', 'Oryza', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Water']
| 29,147,983
|
[['B03'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.537'], ['D10.251'], ['B01.300'], ['G06.591.750', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.750', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Anti-interleukin-6 therapy through application of a monogenic protein inhibitor via gene delivery.
|
Anti-cytokine therapies have substantially improved the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Cytokine-targeting drugs are usually biologics such as antibodies or other engineered proteins. Production of biologics, however, is complex and intricate and therefore expensive which might limit therapeutic application. To overcome this limitation we developed a strategy that involves the design of an optimized, monogenic cytokine inhibitor and the protein producing capacity of the host. Here, we engineered and characterized a receptor fusion protein, mIL-6-RFP-Fc, for the inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a well-established target in anti-cytokine therapy. Upon application in mice mIL-6-RFP-Fc inhibited IL-6-induced activation of the transcription factor STAT3 and ERK1/2 kinases in liver and kidney. mIL-6-RFP-Fc is encoded by a single gene and therefore most relevant for gene transfer approaches. Gene transfer through hydrodynamic plasmid delivery in mice resulted in hepatic production and secretion of mIL-6-RFP-Fc into the blood in considerable amounts, blocked hepatic acute phase protein synthesis and improved kidney function in an ischemia and reperfusion injury model. Our study establishes receptor fusion proteins as promising agents in anti-cytokine therapies through gene therapeutic approaches for future targeted and cost-effective treatments. The strategy described here is applicable for many cytokines involved in inflammatory and other diseases.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Cytokine Receptor gp130', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Gene Expression', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments', 'Interleukin-6', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Receptors, Interleukin-6', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Transfection']
| 26,423,228
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.560.249', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.555.600.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.583.500', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.550.250.500'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['G05.297'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.697', 'D12.776.124.486.485.538.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.697', 'D12.776.124.790.651.538.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.660', 'D12.776.377.715.548.538.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.660'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.400'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MDI inhalers: do nursing home support staff have correct technique?
|
Many elderly patients in nursing homes in the United States use metered-dose inhaler (MDI) medications for a variety of lung diseases. We wondered how much the nursing support staff knew about correct MDI inhaler technique. Thirty-eight nursing home support staff were asked to demonstrate correct use of a placebo MDI inhaler on themselves. The staff completed an average of 6.9 steps out of 8 correctly. The most common error demonstrated was the staff did not hold their breath for 10 seconds at full inspiration after inhaling the medication. The results suggest that the support staff have incorrect MDI inhaler technique.
|
['Aged', 'Humans', 'Metered Dose Inhalers', 'Nursing Homes', 'Nursing Staff']
| 17,613,638
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.605.750'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['M01.526.485.680', 'N02.360.680']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The consultant pharmacist's expanded role in nutrition management.
|
Recent changes to the State Operations Manual have expanded the role of consultant pharmacists and other members of the interdisciplinary care team in nutrition management. The increased focus on assessing medications, diseases, and other issues pertinent to nutrition brings both increased opportunity and responsibility for consultant pharmacists serving long-term care facilities.
|
['Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.', 'Consultants', 'Humans', 'Long-Term Care', 'Nutritional Support', 'Patient Care Team', 'Pharmaceutical Services', 'Pharmacists', 'Professional Role', 'United States']
| 19,555,152
|
[['I01.409.418.750.600.310', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.550'], ['M01.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.476', 'N02.421.585.476'], ['E02.642.500'], ['N04.590.715'], ['N02.421.668'], ['M01.526.485.780', 'N02.360.780'], ['F01.829.316.616.625'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Measurement of air contamination in different wards of public sector hospital, Sukkur.
|
The aim of this study was to evaluate and assess the index of bacterial contamination in different wards of the Public Sector Hospital of Sukkur (Teaching) Pakistan; whether or not the air contamination was statistically different from the acceptable level using active and passive sampling. In addition to this main hypothesis, other investigations included: occurrence of the most common bacteria, whether or not the bacterial contamination in the wards was a persistent problem and identification of the effective antibiotics against the indentified bacteria. The evidence sought based on the One Sample T test suggests that there is a (statistically) significant difference between the observed (higher) than the acceptance level (p<0.01), the result based on One-Way ANOVA suggests that the contamination problem was persistent as there was no significant difference among observed contamination of all three visits at (p>0.01) and the result of antibiotic susceptibility test highlights sensitivity and resistance level of antibiotics for the indentified bacteria.
|
['Air Microbiology', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Bacteria', 'Developing Countries', 'Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Hospital Units', 'Hospitals, Public', 'Humans', 'Pakistan', "Patients' Rooms", 'Risk Assessment']
| 28,375,118
|
[['H01.158.273.540.274.110', 'N06.850.425.110'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B03'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['E01.370.225.875.595.399', 'E05.200.875.595.399'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['N02.278.388'], ['N02.278.421.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.723'], ['N02.278.220.640'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Mass spectrometry analysis of urine and catheter of a patient with purple urinary bag syndrome.
|
INTRODUCTION: Purple urinary bag syndrome (PUBS) is considered to be a benign condition observed in the urinary catheter and bag in some catheterized patients with urinary tract infections. This syndrome is usually reported to occur in alkaline urine.CASE REPORT: We report of a catheterized patient with PUBS and slightly acidic urine (pH 6-6.5). A novel analysis method was developed using high pressure liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) to detect compounds that are thought to be associated with PUBS. Urine, urinary sediment, and the plastic collection system were assayed and quantitated using these methods. The potential toxicity of one of these compounds, indoxyl sulfate, is discussed.CONCLUSIONS: The presence of PUBS in a catheterized patient with slightly acidic urine is reported. A novel method for the analysis of chemical components of PUBS and the first direct confirmation of the presence of indigo in the urine sediment and collecting system are described.
|
['Aged', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Indican', 'Indigo Carmine', 'Indoles', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Syndrome', 'Tryptophan', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urinary Tract Infections']
| 17,196,573
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['D03.633.100.473.393'], ['D03.633.100.473.396'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['E05.196.566'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Denitrification of highly alkaline nitrate waste using adapted sludge.
|
Uranium extraction and regeneration of ion exchange resin generates concentrated nitrate effluents (typically 500 to 10,000 ppm NO(3)-N) that are highly alkaline in nature (pH 9.0 to 11.0). It is difficult to remove nitrate from such solutions using standard physiochemical and biological methods. This paper reports denitrification of such wastes using preadapted sludge (biomass), which was acclimatized to different influent pH (7.5 to 11.5) in a sequencing batch reactor (4 l) for 2 months. Performance of the developed consortia was studied under different pH (7.5 to 12). Biomass denitrified the synthetic wastewater containing 1,694 ppm NO(3)-N at a pH of 10.5. Decrease in nitrite build up was observed at higher pH, which differs from the reported results. Kinetic analysis of the data showed that specific rate of nitrate reduction was highest (78 mg NO(3)-N/g MLSS/h) at higher pH (10.5). This was attributed to the acclimatization process. Thus, high-strength nitrate wastewater, which was highly alkaline, was successfully treated using preadapted sludge.
|
['Acclimatization', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Biomass', 'Bioreactors', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Industrial Waste', 'Kinetics', 'Nitrates', 'Nitrites', 'Sewage', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 18,427,735
|
[['G07.025.133', 'G16.012.500.133'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['G02.300'], ['D20.944.420', 'N06.850.460.710.420'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of a daily snack containing green leafy vegetables on women's fatty acid status: a randomized controlled trial in Mumbai, India.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are few data on the fatty acid status of non-pregnant Indian women. Our objective was to investigate the effect of a snack containing green leafy vegetables (GLVs) on women's erythrocyte long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status (LCPUFA).METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Non-pregnant women (n=222) aged 14-35 years from Mumbai slums were randomized to consume a snack containing GLVs, fruit and milk (treatment) or a control snack containing foods of low micronutrient content such as potato and onion, daily under observation. One treatment snack contained a mean (SD) of 54.1 (33.7) mg alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and one control snack contained 4.1 (3.4) mg ALA. Blood was collected at baseline (0 weeks) and after 12 weeks of supplementation. Erythrocyte fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography and expressed as g/100g fatty acids. Plasma malondialdehyde, homocysteine, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were measured. The effect of the treatment on 12 week LCPUFA was assessed using ANCOVA models.RESULTS: Median (IQR) erythrocyte DHA in the treatment group increased from 1.50 (1.11, 2.03) at baseline to 1.86 (1.50, 2.43) (p<0.001) at 12 weeks, and fell in controls from 1.78 (1.37, 2.32) to 1.60 (1.32, 2.04) (p<0.001). The total n-3 fatty acids increased in the treatment group. There was no effect on malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme levels. Plasma homocysteine at 0 and 12 weeks was inversely associated with erythrocyte DHA at 12 weeks.CONCLUSION: Daily consumption of a snack containing GLV improved women's erythrocyte DHA levels without increasing oxidative stress.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Diet', 'Erythrocytes', 'Fatty Acids', 'Female', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'India', 'Snacks', 'Vegetables', 'Young Adult']
| 30,045,425
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D10.251'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['G07.203.300.590.780', 'J02.500.590.780'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Anatomically modern Carboniferous harvestmen demonstrate early cladogenesis and stasis in Opiliones.
|
Harvestmen, the third most-diverse arachnid order, are an ancient group found on all continental landmasses, except Antarctica. However, a terrestrial mode of life and leathery, poorly mineralized exoskeleton makes preservation unlikely, and their fossil record is limited. The few Palaeozoic species discovered to date appear surprisingly modern, but are too poorly preserved to allow unequivocal taxonomic placement. Here, we use high-resolution X-ray micro-tomography to describe two new harvestmen from the Carboniferous (?305 Myr) of France. The resulting computer models allow the first phylogenetic analysis of any Palaeozoic Opiliones, explicitly resolving both specimens as members of different extant lineages, and providing corroboration for molecular estimates of an early Palaeozoic radiation within the order. Furthermore, remarkable similarities between these fossils and extant harvestmen implies extensive morphological stasis in the order. Compared with other arachnids--and terrestrial arthropods generally--harvestmen are amongst the first groups to evolve fully modern body plans.
|
['Animals', 'Arachnida', 'Biological Evolution', 'Fossils', 'Genetic Speciation', 'Phylogeny']
| 21,863,011
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.166'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['G05.045.350', 'G16.075.350'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Human MutS homologue MSH4 physically interacts with von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor-binding protein 1.
|
Increasing evidence indicated that the protein factors involved in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) possess meiotic functions beyond the scope of DNA mismatch correction. The important roles of MMR components in meiotic processes have been highlighted by the recent identification of two additional members of the mammalian MutS homologs, MSH4 and MSH5. Mammalian MSH4 and MSH5 proteins form a heterodimeric complex and play an important role in the meiotic processes. As a step forward to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of these two mammalian MutS homologues, here we have identified von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor-binding protein 1 (VBP1) as an interacting protein partner for human MSH4 (hMSH4). In addition, we have characterized a hMSH4 splicing variant (hMSH4sv) encoding a truncated form of hMSH4. The protein encoded by hMSH4sv was unable to interact with hMSH5, but it retained the capacity to interact with VBP1. It is conceivable that hMSH4 and hMSH4sv can carry out different but overlapping functions by differential protein interactions, and, therefore, hMSH4sv might represent a separation-of-function alternative form of the hMSH4 protein. hMSH4 and VBP1 proteins were colocalized in mammalian cells. Three-hybrid analysis suggested that VBP1 could compete with hMSH5 for the binding of hMSH4. Thus, hMSH4 may be involved in diverse cellular processes through interaction with different protein partners, and the levels of VBP1 protein expression in cells could potentially affect the availability of the hMSH4-hMSH5 hetero-complex.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Transfection']
| 12,591,739
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.580'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparing E- and D-speed film: the effects of various storage conditions on fogging.
|
Despite the reduced radiation exposure documented with E-speed film use, many clinicians still prefer D-speed radiographic film. The authors tested various storage factors and found that E-speed film is more sensitive to these variables than D-speed film.
|
['Background Radiation', 'Humans', 'Humidity', 'Quality Control', 'Radiography, Dental', 'Refrigeration', 'Temperature', 'X-Ray Film']
| 7,860,889
|
[['G01.750.750.115'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.275.063.725.310', 'G16.500.750.775.310', 'N06.230.150.372', 'N06.230.300.100.725.310'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E01.370.350.700.720', 'E06.342.764'], ['E02.792.643', 'E05.760.643'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['E07.960']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Microwave ablation compared with radiofrequency ablation for breast tissue in an ex vivo bovine udder model.
|
PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of microwave (MW) ablation with radiofrequency (RF) ablation for treating breast tissue in a nonperfused ex vivo model of healthy bovine udder tissue.MATERIALS AND METHODS: MW ablations were performed at power outputs of 25W, 35W, and 45W using a 915-MHz frequency generator and a 2-cm active tip antenna. RF ablations were performed with a bipolar RF system with 2- and 3-cm active tip electrodes. Tissue temperatures were continuously monitored during ablation.RESULTS: The mean short-axis diameters of the coagulation zones were 1.34 ± 0.14, 1.45 ± 0.13, and 1.74 ± 0.11 cm for MW ablation at outputs of 25W, 35W, and 45W. For RF ablation, the corresponding values were 1.16 ± 0.09 and 1.26 ± 0.14 cm with electrodes having 2- and 3-cm active tips, respectively. The mean coagulation volumes were 2.27 ± 0.65, 2.85 ± 0.72, and 4.45 ± 0.47 cm(3) for MW ablation at outputs of 25W, 35W, and 45W and 1.18 ± 0.30 and 2.29 ± 0.55 cm(3) got RF ablation with 2- and 3-cm electrodes, respectively. MW ablations at 35W and 45W achieved significantly longer short-axis diameters than RF ablations (P < 0.05). The highest tissue temperature was achieved with MW ablation at 45W (P < 0.05). On histological examination, the extent of the ablation zone in MW ablations was less affected by tissue heterogeneity than that in RF ablations.CONCLUSION: MW ablation appears to be advantageous with respect to the volume of ablation and the shape of the margin of necrosis compared with RF ablation in an ex vivo bovine udder.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Breast', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Cattle', 'Female', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Microwaves', 'Models, Animal']
| 21,833,802
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['A01.236'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['E05.598']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
An analysis of the supply of and demand for continuing education in geriatric dentistry.
|
Continuing education directors at 158 sites were surveyed regarding their recent experience with geriatric dentistry courses. Of the 116 returns cited, 86 recorded offering courses with a total enrollment of 4,559 students. The courses tended to be of the survey type using a lecture format. Most directors thought that practitioner demand for such courses fell short of their need for education. Several suggestions emanated from this project for improving course attendance. They included: targeting courses to specific clinical areas; providing separate courses for each segment of the geriatric population; and educating both elders and dentists regarding the appropriateness of dental care for the elderly patient.
|
['Curriculum', 'Education, Dental, Continuing', 'Geriatric Dentistry', 'Humans', 'United States']
| 1,948,561
|
[['I02.158'], ['I02.358.212.249', 'I02.358.274.316'], ['H02.163.394'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Investigation of molecular motion of proteoglycans in cartilage by 13C magnetic resonance.
|
13C nmr spectral parameters were measured for intact bovine nasal cartilage tissue, the purified proteoglycan aggregate, and chondroitin 4-sulfate. A comparison of integrated intensities obtained for four different samples of fresh tissue with an ethylene glycol standard indicated that at least 80% of the total glycosaminoglycan carbons in the tissue contributed to the spectrum. This result was confirmed by intensity measurements obtained at 56 degrees on fresh tissue and at 37 degrees after extensive papain digestion of fresh tissue. Spin lattice relaxation times and nuclear Overhauser enhancements were analyzed in terms of the following models of molecular motion: (a) single correlation time; (b) log X2 distribution of correlation times; and (c) anisotropic motion. The analysis indicates that the segmental motions of glycosaminoglycan chains are characterized by a broad distribution of correlation times centered at about 50 ns. Slow motion contributions to glycosaminoglycan line widths were reduced by dipolar decoupling (gammaH2/2pi = 65 kHz). Collagen intensity was observed in dipolar decoupled spectra, but not in scalar decoupled spectra of intact tissue, showing that the type II collagen in cartilage undergoes anisotropic motion like the type I collagen in tendon. Only glycosaminoglycan resonances were observed in spectra of a solution of proteoglycan aggregate before and after chondroitinase digestion. After subsequent digestion with papain, protein resonances were observed. These results suggest that the protein portions of the proteoglycan aggregate structure, in contrast with the glycosaminoglycan chains, have restricted backbone mobility and consequently a defined backbone structure.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases', 'Collagen', 'Glycosaminoglycans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male', 'Nasal Septum', 'Papain', 'Proteoglycans', 'Water']
| 140,875
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D08.811.277.352.827.180', 'D08.811.520.241.700.350'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D09.698.373'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['A04.531.591'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.585', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.585'], ['D09.698.735', 'D12.776.395.650'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lung cancer in "true tracheal bronchus": a rare coincidence.
|
Tracheal bronchus is a rare congenital anomaly (incidence ranging from 0.1% to 2%) of bronchial tree in which an aberrant bronchus originates in trachea anywhere above carina, but usually within 2 cm of carina. Cancer within the bronchial anomaly is further uncommon. A subtype of tracheal bronchus, known as "true tracheal bronchus" or "pig bronchus" is a condition in which right upper lobe (RUL) bronchus is absent and the RUL is ventilated by the aberrant tracheal bronchus. We present a case of true tracheal bronchus with malignancy of the affected RUL. To the best of our knowledge, in world literature, this is the second case of true tracheal bronchus affected by lung cancer.
|
['Bronchi', 'Bronchoscopy', 'Humans', 'Incidental Findings', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Atelectasis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Trachea']
| 23,207,540
|
[['A04.411.125'], ['E01.370.386.105', 'E01.370.388.250.100', 'E04.502.250.100', 'E04.928.600.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.410'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.730'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Does workplace health promotion in Denmark reach relevant target groups?
|
The aim of the current study was to investigate whether Workplace Health Promotion (WHP) is available for workers with poor health status (overweight, musculoskeletal disorders, sickness absence and poor self-rated health) or health behaviour (smoking, poor diet and sedentarism) and whether they participate in WHP. In total, 9835 workers responded to questions regarding availability to 6 different types of WHP through The Danish Work Environment Cohort Study in 2010. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, gender and industry were performed to calculate odds ratios for availability and participation of WHP among groups with different health behaviours and health status. In general, poor health behaviours were associated with reduced availability of and participation in WHP. In contrast, poor health status was generally associated with higher availability of WHP and increased participation. However, poor self-rated health was associated with lower availability of several types of WHP and reduced participation. In general, workers with health challenges that are visible to others had WHP available, whereas workers with less visible health challenges had WHP less frequently available. Health challenges visible to others were associated with higher participation in WHP, whereas poor health behaviour and reduced self-rated health were associated with reduced participation in WHP programmes.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Cohort Studies', 'Denmark', 'Diet', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Promotion', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Health', 'Sex Factors', 'Smoking', 'Workplace']
| 23,770,769
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['F01.145.488'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.400.525'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.805'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A Monte Carlo approach to the inverse problem of diffuse pollution risk in agricultural catchments.
|
The hydrological and biogeochemical processes that operate in catchments influence the ecological quality of freshwater systems through delivery of fine sediment, nutrients and organic matter. Most models that seek to characterise the delivery of diffuse pollutants from land to water are reductionist. The multitude of processes that are parameterised in such models to ensure generic applicability make them complex and difficult to test on available data. Here, we outline an alternative--data-driven--inverse approach. We apply SCIMAP, a parsimonious risk based model that has an explicit treatment of hydrological connectivity. We take a bayesian approach to the inverse problem of determining the risk that must be assigned to different land uses in a catchment in order to explain the spatial patterns of measured in-stream nutrient concentrations. We apply the model to identify the key sources of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) diffuse pollution risk in eleven UK catchments covering a range of landscapes. The model results show that: 1) some land use generates a consistently high or low risk of diffuse nutrient pollution; but 2) the risks associated with different land uses vary both between catchments and between nutrients; and 3) that the dominant sources of P and N risk in the catchment are often a function of the spatial configuration of land uses. Taken on a case-by-case basis, this type of inverse approach may be used to help prioritise the focus of interventions to reduce diffuse pollution risk for freshwater ecosystems.
|
['Agriculture', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Monte Carlo Method']
| 22,819,894
|
[['J01.040'], ['N06.850.460'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reading comprehension strategies used by deaf middle-school students.
|
13 reading strategies of deaf adolescent boys and girls attending residential middle schools were compared. Boys reported the lower-level strategy of reading aloud more often than girls. Both reported top strategies of asking someone to explain (dependent) and rereading and looking at the pictures (independent).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Deafness', 'Education, Special', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language Development', 'Male', 'Reading', 'Sex Factors', 'Speech', 'Teaching', 'Vocabulary, Controlled']
| 9,885,051
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C09.218.458.341.186', 'C10.597.751.418.341.186', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.186'], ['I02.233.213'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.525.200.310'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['I02.903'], ['L01.453.245.945']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of chitosan coating and vacuum packaging on the microbiological and chemical properties of beef.
|
Beef is an animal food sensitive to deterioration due to its rich nutrient content. Therefore, some preservation techniques are applied. These include vacuum packaging, a modified atmosphere, a controlled atmosphere and an edible film coating. In this study, it was aimed to extend the shelf life of beef using vacuum packaging (VP) and chitosan coating with vacuum packaging (CC + VP). For this purpose, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB), Stapylococcus aureus, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content were analyzed in beef obtained from local markets. As a result, it was found that the chitosan coating reduced the TMAB, LAB and TVB-N values and inhibited all S. aureus up to day 15 of storage. In addition, it was seen that the application of CC + VP was significantly more effective (p?0.05) on the reduction of the TBA value, compared to the VP application over a long period of storage (45 days). The combined use of the two technologies is more effective on TVB-N. According to the data obtained from this study, because of the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan, it has been concluded that it can be used as a bio-preservative in the meat industry.
|
['Animals', 'Bacteria, Aerobic', 'Cattle', 'Chitosan', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Food Microbiology', 'Food Packaging', 'Food Preservation', 'Lactobacillales', 'Red Meat', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances', 'Vacuum']
| 31,706,632
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['J01.576.423.200.375', 'J01.576.423.850.600', 'J01.576.761.400'], ['J01.576.423.850.700'], ['B03.353.750', 'B03.510.550'], ['G07.203.300.600.813', 'J02.500.600.813'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750'], ['G01.374.715.902', 'G16.500.750.274.902', 'N06.230.300.100.185.902']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Localized metabolic responses to optokinetic stimulation in the brain stem nuclei and the cerebellum investigated with the [14C]2-deoxyglucose method in rats.
|
The localized metabolic effects of monocular optokinetic stimulation to the cerebellar flocculus and brain stem nuclei were measured in pigmented rats. Quantitative [14C]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography was performed on alert rats stimulated with a drum either rotated horizontally in the temporonasal direction (optokinetic group) or kept stationary (control group). The superior colliculus in both groups showed a higher amount of activity on the contralateral side to the stimulated eye than on the ipsilateral side. The dorsal cap of the inferior olive, the nucleus of the optic tract, and the lateral pontine nucleus showed a higher amount of activity on the contralateral side only in the optokinetic group. The nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and the ventromedial aspect of the cerebellar paraflocculus showed no lateralized activity in either group. Local glucose utilization rates of both flocculi were significantly enhanced in the optokinetic group. Only in the optokinetic group did the ipsilateral flocculus show a higher local glucose utilization rate than the contralateral flocculus. The most enhanced activity was localized in the middle aspect of the rostrocaudal extent of the ipsilateral flocculus. The activity was greater in the granular layer than in the molecular layer or in the white matter. The pattern of activation in the granular layer was characterized by a patchy appearance in the frontal sections. Serial reconstruction of these sections showed metabolic blobs appearing with intervals of several hundred micrometers.
|
['Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Brain Stem', 'Cerebellum', 'Deoxyglucose', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Functional Laterality', 'Male', 'Nystagmus, Physiologic', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Rats']
| 2,747,917
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['D09.254.229'], ['G03.295'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['G14.350.378'], ['E05.723.729'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Pulsoximetric sensor for diagnosis of intrauterine foetus state during parturition].
|
Detrimental changes in the degree of blood hemoglobin saturation with oxygen are important evidence of hypoxic states and can be regarded as objective indication to surgical delivery. A new method of fetal pulsoximetry was developed. This method is based on the use of a non-disposable atraumatic pulsoximetric sensor of reflectory type for diagnosis of intrauterine foetus state during parturition. The clinical trial of the system was carried out in 44 women in childbirth and revealed clear differentiation between hypoxic states.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Fetal Hypoxia', 'Fetal Monitoring', 'Heart Rate, Fetal', 'Humans', 'Oximetry', 'Parturition', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Diagnosis']
| 16,144,267
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C13.703.277.390', 'C16.300.420', 'C23.888.852.079.594'], ['E01.370.378.230', 'E01.370.520.230'], ['G09.330.380.500.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100.600', 'E01.370.370.380.600', 'E01.370.386.700.100.600', 'E05.200.124.100.100.600'], ['G08.686.784.769.490'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.378.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of immunoglobulin D is increased in chronic rhinosinusitis.
|
BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin (Ig) D is largely localized to the upper airway and reacts with colonizing respiratory pathogens.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with increased IgD expression.METHODS: We performed immunofluorescent staining for cytoplasmic IgD, IgA, IgM, and surface plasma cell marker CD138 (syndecan-1) in sinus tissue of patients with CRS with and without nasal polyps (CRSwNP and CRSsNP, respectively) and control subjects without CRS (n = 6 each). Sinonasal mucus antibody levels of patients with CRSwNP or CRSsNP and control subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 13, 11, and 9 subjects, respectively). Cells per square millimeter and antibody levels were compared by analysis of variance. Histopathology was performed with sinus tissue from subjects in the 3 groups (n = 6, 8, and 13 subjects respectively).RESULTS: Cells expressing cytoplasmic IgD exceeded those with cytoplasmic IgA and IgM and represented most CD138+ plasma cells in the lamina propria. The frequencies of IgD+ plasma cells were significantly higher in patients with CRSsNP and CRSwNP compared with control subjects (P < .01). Only patients with CRSwNP showed increased frequencies of IgM and IgA plasma cells (P < .01). In contrast to high plasma cell frequencies in tissues, the levels of secreted IgD were lower than those of IgA, IgM, and IgG but were highest in the CRSwNP group compared with the other groups (P < .05).CONCLUSION: IgD plasma cells are prominent in sinus tissues and are increased in CRS. That IgD protein also shows the lowest concentration of antibodies in secretions suggests that its activity might be targeted to the tissue rather than secretions.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin D', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucus', 'Nasal Polyps', 'Paranasal Sinuses', 'Plasma Cells', 'Rhinitis', 'Sinusitis', 'Syndecan-1']
| 28,958,373
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.251', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.251', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.251'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.200.503'], ['C08.460.572', 'C09.603.557', 'C23.300.825.557'], ['A04.531.621'], ['A11.063.438.725', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.382.032.438.725', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562.725'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752'], ['D12.776.395.550.847.100', 'D12.776.395.650.350.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.847.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of lamellar flap location on corneal topography after laser in situ keratomileusis.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of hinge position on corneal topography after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia.SETTING: Academic center and refractive surgery practice.METHODS: Topography data obtained from 89 eyes of 46 patients after LASIK were analyzed. Using a system of Cartesian coordinates, data along the horizontal and vertical axes were analyzed, measuring sagittal height and power change at 1 mm intervals from the ablation zone center. Data points that were equidistant and on opposite sides of the ablation center were compared to find asymmetry along either axis relative to nasally hinged flaps.RESULTS: Along the horizontal axis, areas of the cornea closer to the hinge had a higher topography than areas farther from the hinge. Specifically, the points nearest and farthest from the hinge were significantly different in sagittal height (P <.034); the areas farthest from the hinge were reduced more after surgery (relatively lower topography). When results were stratified into low- and high-diopter corrections, this difference was significant in only the high-diopter group (P <.0006). Trends in power change were also observed. Areas of the cornea closer to the hinge were relatively flatter than areas farther from the hinge. Statistical significance was detected in only the low-diopter group at data points 2 mm from the ablation zone center in opposite directions (P <.008). No asymmetry was seen along the vertical axis in power change or sagittal height.CONCLUSIONS: The lamellar flap in LASIK may influence postoperative corneal topography. Hypothetically, the corneal flap may retract toward the hinge, producing axial asymmetry in the postoperative topography relative to the hinge. Understanding the influence of corneal flap characteristics on post-LASIK topography may improve optical results and may be particularly important in the development and effectiveness of topography-guided ablation techniques.
|
['Adult', 'Cornea', 'Corneal Topography', 'Humans', 'Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ', 'Middle Aged', 'Myopia', 'Postoperative Period', 'Refraction, Ocular', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity']
| 10,946,189
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['E01.370.380.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594.480.750', 'E04.014.520.480.750', 'E04.378.500.750', 'E04.540.825.437.374'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.744.636'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E01.370.380.850.700', 'G01.590.775', 'G14.760'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Orthopaedic trauma patients and depression: a prospective cohort.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study prospectively followed a cohort of orthopaedic trauma patients to identify risk factors that contribute to depression in patients with skeletal injuries.DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.SETTING: Level I trauma center.PATIENTS: One hundred ten orthopaedic trauma patients admitted as inpatients.INTERVENTION: None.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores.RESULTS: One hundred ten patients were enrolled at the time of injury in which 22 patients had moderate-to-major depression and 36 patients had mild depression. Forty-eight patients completed the follow-up surveys that were taken, on average, 9 months after the date of injury. Factors that were significant for mild depression (PHQ-9 >4) at the time of injury included a history of illegal drug use (P = 0.037) and a lower Duke Social Support and Stress Scale (DUSOCS) support score (P = 0.002). The duke social support and stress scale score had a negative Pearson correlation coefficient with PHQ-9 (n = -0.18, P = 0.03). Factors that were significant for moderate-to-major depression (PHQ-9 >9) at the time of injury were a history of a psychiatric diagnosis (P = 0.0009) and unemployment at injury (P = 0.039). Both a history of psychiatric diagnosis and an elevated PHQ-9 score at the time of injury were predictors of having depression at 9 months (P = 0.02 and P = 0.001, respectively). Also, patients with Medicaid insurance had a significant increase in their depression scores at 9 months (P = 0.02).CONCLUSION: Depression was quite prevalent in our patient sample. A previous psychiatric diagnosis predisposed patients to depression. The socioeconomic status was also a predictive factor for increased depression scores at 9 months. Patients with a higher feeling of support from friends and family had an inverse correlation for depression. Employment also seems to have a protective effect against depression. Surprisingly, the severity of injury did not affect the depression score. Targeted consultation with a mental health care provider may obviate any morbidity that is associated with depression in an injured patient.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Musculoskeletal System', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Trauma Centers', 'Wounds and Injuries', 'Young Adult']
| 24,736,695
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F03.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['C26'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rehabilitation practices for burn survivors in low and middle income countries: A literature review.
|
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the delivery and effectiveness of rehabilitation for burn survivors in low and middle income countries (LMIC).METHODS: We systematically searched the literature through 11 electronic databases and the reference lists of relevant studies. Studies were suitable for inclusion if they were primary research with a focus on burns rehabilitation in LMIC settings describing either service delivery or treatment effectiveness. No time, design or other limitations were applied, except English language.RESULTS: Of 226 studies identified, 17 were included in the final review, including 7 from India. The results were summarised in a narrative synthesis as the studies had substantial heterogeneity and small sample sizes, with many relying on retrospective data from non-representative samples with no control groups. Most studies (12) described service delivery and 5 examined the effectiveness of different types of rehabilitation. Multiple studies stressed the need for rehabilitation and multidisciplinary teams for burns management.CONCLUSIONS: The published research on burns rehabilitation is very limited and little is known about current practices in LMIC settings. In order to inform policy and service delivery, the effectiveness, feasibility and sustainability of current services needs to be investigated.
|
['Burns', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Developing Countries', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Quality of Health Care']
| 29,290,511
|
[['C26.200'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Role of multimodal evoked potentials in evaluations of persistent vegetative state of nontraumatic origin].
|
Persistent vegetative state (PVS) is a kind of release from coma, manifesting by absence of any signs of cognitive activity. Progress in reanimatology leads to an increase in the number of patients with PVS, thus creating a new medical and social problem. Study of atraumatic PVS acquires special importance because of a drastic increase in its incidence, necessitating definition of criteria of this state formation and its prognostic signs. Multimodal evoked potentials (MEP) now play an important role in diagnosis and prediction of PVS. The impact of acoustic stem (ASEP), visual (VEP), somatosensory (SSEP), and cognitive (CEP) evoked potentials is analyzed and early diagnostic and prognostic neurophysiological criteria are defined. Results of dynamic examinations of 23 patients (9 men and 14 women) aged 10-67 years with atraumatic PVS are presented. According to neurophysiological data, PVS in the majority of patients is characterized by absence of cognitive responses to a significant stimulus (wave P300) during examinations of CEP and of cortical response during examination of SSEP. VEP and long latent acoustic evoked potentials are as rule intact in atraumatic PVS. According to ASEP, stem functions were intact or slightly changed in the examined patients with PVS. Prognostically unfavorable and relatively favorable signs in the time course of MEP are defined.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Electrodes', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory', 'Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Persistent Vegetative State', 'Physical Stimulation']
| 12,611,156
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E07.305.250'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['G07.265.216.500.370', 'G07.888.250', 'G11.561.200.500.370'], ['G07.265.216.500.400', 'G11.561.200.500.400'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.140.627', 'C10.597.606.358.800.400', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.400'], ['E05.723']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of the menstrual cycle on dressing behavior in the cold.
|
The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of the menstrual cycle on dressing behavior in cold exposure. Rectal and skin temperatures, temperature sensation and metabolic rate were measured in seven women during the luteal (L) and the follicular (F) phases of the menstrual cycle, as was their dressing behavior in these two phases. The subjects were instructed to dress so as to feel comfortable when the ambient temperature was decreased from 30 degrees C to 15 degrees C (07:00-09:00). Most subjects dressed more quickly and with thicker clothing in the L phase. They felt cooler in the L phase during the last 30 min of the temperature fall. Rectal and skin temperatures showed significant differences between L and F phases and metabolic rate was significantly higher in the L phase. The results can be interpreted in terms of the establishment of a higher set-point in core temperature during the L phase.
|
['Adult', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Clothing', 'Cold Climate', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Follicular Phase', 'Humans', 'Luteal Phase', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Reference Values', 'Skin Temperature']
| 8,559,779
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['J01.637.215'], ['G16.500.275.071.275', 'N06.230.300.100.250.275'], ['G03.295'], ['G08.686.605.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.605.410'], ['G08.686.605'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G07.110.753', 'G13.750.844']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Foot structure is significantly associated to subtalar joint kinetics and mechanical energetics.
|
INTRODUCTION/AIM: Foot structure has been implicated as a risk factor of numerous overuse injuries, however, the mechanism linking foot structure and the development of soft-tissue overuse injuries are not well understood. The aim of this study was to identify factors that could predict foot function during walking.METHODS: A total of eleven variables (including measures of foot structure, anthropometry and spatiotemporal gait characteristics) were investigated for their predictive ability on identifying kinematic, kinetic and energetic components of the foot. Three-dimensional motion capture and force data were collected at preferred walking speed on an instrumented treadmill. Mechanical measures were subsequently assessed using a custom multi-segment foot model in Opensim. Factors with significant univariate associations were entered into multiple linear regression models to identify a group of factors independently associated with the mechanical measures.RESULTS: Although no model could be created for any of the kinematic measures analysed, approximately 46% and 37% of the variance in the kinetic and energetic measures were associated with three or two factors respectively. Arch-height ratio, foot length and step width were associated with peak subtalar joint (STJ) moment, while greater STJ negative work was correlated to a low arch-height ratio and greater foot mobility.CONCLUSION: The models presented in this study suggest that the soft-tissue structures of a flat-arched, mobile foot are at a greater risk of injury as they have greater requirements to absorb energy and generate larger forces. However, as these associations are only moderate, other measures may also have an influence.
|
['Adult', 'Anthropometry', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cumulative Trauma Disorders', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Foot', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Subtalar Joint', 'Walking', 'Young Adult']
| 28,783,556
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C26.844.150'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.378.831.780'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Medicare program; ambulatory surgical services. Health Care Financing Administration. Proposed rule.
|
These regulations would implement, in part, section 934 of Pub. L. 96-499, the Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1980, which adds to the benefits available under Part B of Medicare, facility services associated with certain surgical procedures provided in an independent ambulatory surgical center. That section also provides, under certain conditions, for Medicare reimbursement to physicians of 100 percent of the reasonable charges (rather than the usual 80 percent) for services provided in connection with certain surgical procedures performed on an ambulatory basis. These regulations would establish: (1) The standards an independent ambulatory surgical center must meet to be approved for participation in the Medicare program; (2) criteria for determining which surgical procedures would be included for purposes of reimbursing facilities and physicians under this provision; (3) the payment methodology and reimbursement procedures with respect to facility services; and (4) the requirements relating to agreements by the facility to furnish services under the program and by physicians with respect to accepting payments for procedures (agreements to accept "assignments"). The purpose of the legislation and these regulations is to encourage the performance in an ambulatory setting of certain surgical procedures that are now frequently furnished on an inpatient hospital basis.
|
['Aged', 'Ambulatory Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Medicare', 'Surgicenters', 'United States']
| 10,317,187
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.030'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['N02.278.035.652', 'N02.278.421.556.868'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Insights Into Epiretinal Membranes: Presence of Ectopic Inner Foveal Layers and a New Optical Coherence Tomography Staging Scheme.
|
PURPOSE: To describe the presence of continuous ectopic inner foveal layers associated with epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and to present a new optical coherence tomography (OCT) staging system of ERMs.DESIGN: Retrospective multicenter observational case series.METHODS: Clinical charts and spectral-domain OCT images of 194 eyes of 172 consecutive patients diagnosed with ERMs were reviewed and analyzed.RESULTS: The presence of continuous ectopic inner foveal layers was identified in 63 out of 194 eyes (32.5%) and this morphology was significantly associated with lower visual acuity. ERMs were divided into 4 stages. Stage 1 (43 out of 194 eyes, 22.1%) ERMs were mild and thin and a foveal depression was present. Stage 2 (88 out of 194 eyes, 45.4%) ERMs were associated with widening of the outer nuclear layer and loss of the foveal depression. Stage 3 (51 out of 194 eyes, 26.3%) ERMs were associated with continuous ectopic inner foveal layers crossing the entire foveal area. In stages 1, 2, and 3 all retinal layers were clearly defined on OCT. Stage 4 ERMs (12 out of 194 eyes, 6.2%) were thick and associated with continuous ectopic inner foveal layers. In addition, retinal layers were disrupted. Visual acuity progressively declined from stage 1 through stage 4 (P < .001).CONCLUSIONS: The presence of continuous ectopic inner foveal layers in ERMs is a newly described OCT finding associated with significant vision loss and is an essential element of a novel OCT-based grading scheme of ERMs that may influence visual prognosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Epiretinal Membrane', 'Female', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fovea Centralis', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Visual Acuity']
| 27,993,592
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C11.768.328'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A09.371.729.522.436'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Glucose uptake by individual skeletal muscles during running using whole-body positron emission tomography.
|
The purpose of this study was to examine, by positron emission tomography (PET), the distribution of [18F]fluoro-deoxy-glucose ([18F]FDG) uptake by human muscles during 35 min of running. Thirteen healthy male subjects were studied, seven of whom participated in the exercise study. Running intensity was kept constant such that the subjects' heart rates were maintained at between 140 and 150 beats per minute. [18F]FDG [62.9 (14.8) MBq, mean (SD)] was injected after 15 min of running. PET imaging was started immediately after the running ended. The ratio of [18F]FDG uptake by muscles in runners to that in control subjects (r-c ratio) varied from three to six for the muscles of the foot and leg below the knee joint. The r-c ratio of the medial head of the gastrocnemius (MG) was higher than that of its lateral head (LG). The r-c ratio of the rectus femoris (RF) was lower than that of the other three muscles of the quadriceps femoris (QF). The r-c ratio of inactive muscles located above the waist was approximately 0.7. These results suggest that, during the moderate running of this study: (1) glucose uptake by muscles of the foot and leg below the knee joint clearly increases, (2) the r-c ratio differs significantly among the skeletal muscles, which act synergistically, and (3) glucose uptake by inactive skeletal muscles decreases.
|
['Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Running', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed']
| 11,138,567
|
[['D09.254.229.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of a lipid transfer protein gene family during cotton fibre development.
|
There are six to eight lipid transfer protein-related genes in the allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum genome, three of which, FSltp1, FSltp2 and FSltp3, were isolated in two genomic clones. All three genes potentially encode full-length lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), but sequence differences between these and the cotton fibre-specific cDNA previously reported, pFS6, suggest that none is likely to encode the fibre transcripts. Gene-specific RT-PCR experiments showed that expression patterns of the three new LTP genes are similar to each other, with transcripts present in all aerial cotton tissues tested, and only pFS6 transcripts are present in fibre cells at elevated levels. PCR analysis of cotton genomic DNA suggested that FSltp1 and FSltp3 are alloalleles, with FSltp3 being derived from the ancestral A genome, and FSltp1 from the D genome. The fibre-specific gene, yet to be isolated, and FSltp2 are also derived from the ancestral D genome of G. hirsutum.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antigens, Plant', 'Base Sequence', 'Carrier Proteins', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Diploidy', 'Gene Expression', 'Gossypium', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Proteins', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 10,634,943
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D23.050.291'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.700.264'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.821.500.244'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of glass sampling tubes for industrial breath analysis.
|
The storage of halogenated hydrocarbons in breath and air samples in glass cylindrical tubes was investigated to determine procedures to achieve a representative breath sampling technique. The loss of solvent vapor concentration over a fixed time period was observed and postulated to result from non-reactive absorption. If considerations are made for adverse sampling conditions of moisture, temperature, and tube surface condition, glass tubes prove to be an acceptable container for breath samples.
|
['Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Breath Tests', 'Glass', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Occupational Medicine', 'Specimen Handling', 'Tetrachloroethylene', 'Trichloroethylene']
| 629,209
|
[['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['E01.370.100'], ['J01.637.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599'], ['H02.403.720.750.510'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['D02.455.526.439.880'], ['D02.455.526.439.939']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Risk indicators for tooth wear in Sri Lankan adolescents.
|
The aim of the study was to determine the risk indicators for tooth wear in Sri Lankan adolescents. A total of 1,200 17-year-olds were selected using a two-stage cluster sampling technique from schools in the Colombo district. The data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire and a clinical examination. A modified version of Smith and Knight's index of tooth wear was used to record tooth wear on occlusal/incisal, buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces of teeth excluding the third molars. Tooth wear was present in 22% of the adolescents, while nearly 9% had at least 1 wear lesion extending up to the dentine. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the consumption of Coca Cola(R) (OR: 2.60; 95% CI: 1.41-4.78), apples (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.04-2.58), the father's occupation (OR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.29-3.74) and chewing vitamin C tablets (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.03-2.75) were significantly associated with dentinal wear, while tooth wear was associated with the consumption of oranges (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.09-2.37) and apples (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.06-1.80), the father's occupation (OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.22-2.68) and chewing vitamin C tablets (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.04-2.00). As the father's occupation could be considered as a proxy measure of socioeconomic status, the findings suggest that tooth wear in Sri Lankan adolescents is a disorder of affluence.
|
['Adolescent', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Carbonated Beverages', 'Citrus sinensis', 'Dentin', 'Fathers', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Malus', 'Occupations', 'Oral Hygiene', 'Physical Examination', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Class', 'Sri Lanka', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tooth Wear', 'Toothbrushing', 'Vitamins']
| 20,068,303
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['G07.203.100.300', 'J02.200.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.875.177.769'], ['A14.549.167.900.280'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.100', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.210', 'M01.620.390'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.444'], ['N01.824.547'], ['E02.547.600', 'E06.761.726'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['Z01.252.245.840', 'Z01.639.520.875'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['C07.793.818'], ['E06.761.726.794'], ['D27.505.696.494.600', 'G07.203.300.681.500.600', 'J02.500.681.500.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Immediate early response of the circadian polyA ribonuclease nocturnin to two extracellular stimuli.
|
Nocturnin (Noc, also called Ccrn4l [carbon catabolite repression 4-like]) is a circadian deadenylase that is rhythmically expressed in multiple tissues in mice with peak mRNA levels in early night. Since several other circadian genes are induced by extracellular stimuli, we tested the hypothesis that Noc is acutely regulated in NIH3T3 cells. A serum shock and the phorbol ester TPA induced Noc transcript levels in quiescent NIH3T3 cultures while dexamethasone and forskolin, which are known to induce other clock genes in culture, were without effect. NOC protein levels also were induced by serum. The half-life of the TPA-induced Noc mRNA is short, and the inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide prevents Noc mRNA degradation and revealed a 30-fold increase in the transcript levels after 4 h of TPA treatment. Since this acute induction is not dependent on protein synthesis, Noc behaves like other immediate early genes. Remarkably, these acute effects are specific to Noc as the mRNAs encoding other known mouse deadenylases, CCR4, CAF1, PAN2, and PARN, were not induced in the same paradigm. Our data show that in addition to its robust circadian regulation, Noc expression can be regulated acutely, and imply that it can respond directly and specifically to physiological cues. NOC may act in turning off the expression of genes that are required to be silenced as a response to these extracellular signals.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Animals', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Culture Media, Serum-Free', 'Exoribonucleases', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Half-Life', 'Immediate-Early Proteins', 'Mice', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Synthesis Inhibitors', 'RNA Stability', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Transcription Factors']
| 17,400,819
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D27.720.470.305.255', 'E07.206.255'], ['D08.811.277.352.365.300', 'D08.811.277.352.700.375'], ['G05.308'], ['G01.910.405'], ['D12.776.460', 'D12.776.964.925.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D27.505.519.389.760'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Natural selection and the reinforcement of mate recognition.
|
Natural selection on mate recognition may often contribute to speciation, resulting in reproductive character displacement. Field populations of Drosophila serrata display reproductive character displacement in cuticular hydrocarbons when sympatric with Drosophila birchii. We exposed field sympatric and allopatric populations of D. serrata to experimental sympatry with D. birchii for nine generations. Cuticular hydrocarbons of field allopatric D. serrata populations evolved to resemble the field sympatric populations, whereas field sympatric D. serrata populations remained unchanged. Our experiment indicates that natural selection on mate recognition resulted in the field pattern of reproductive character displacement.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Australia', 'Biological Evolution', 'Discriminant Analysis', 'Drosophila', 'Ecosystem', 'Female', 'Genetic Variation', 'Hydrocarbons', 'Male', 'Pheromones', 'Reproduction', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal']
| 11,039,933
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E05.318.740.350', 'N05.715.360.750.325', 'N06.850.520.830.350'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G05.365'], ['D02.455'], ['D23.641'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G05.783'], ['F01.145.113.252.748']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The efficacy of steroids in idiopathic facial nerve paralysis: an open, randomized, prospective controlled study.
|
OBJECTIVES: Although corticosteroid therapy is widely used in idiopathic facial nerve paralysis, its efficacy has not been clearly demonstrated. This study was designed to evaluate the role of steroids in idiopathic facial nerve paralysis.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 56 patients (29 males, 27 females; mean age, in men 44.1, in women 40.3 years) with a diagnosis of idiopathic facial nerve paralysis. Within the first three days after the onset of symptoms, the patients were randomly assigned to two groups to receive either steroids or other medications for the prevention of ocular complications or to provide pain relief. The severity of facial paralysis was evaluated using the House-Brackmann classification before and after three and six weeks of the treatment. Regression to stage 1 or 2 disease was regarded as a successful response.RESULTS: Although the initial response to steroid therapy seemed to be better, the results at the end of three and six weeks of the treatment were not statistically different from those of patients receiving other supportive treatments (p>0.05).CONCLUSION: Further studies with large patient series are needed to clarify the use of steroids in the treatment of idiopathic facial nerve paralysis.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Bell Palsy', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Prospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,227,727
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.925.256.466.087', 'C07.465.094', 'C07.465.299.250', 'C10.292.319.250'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Workers select mates for queens: a possible mechanism of gene flow restriction between supercolonies of the invasive Argentine ant.
|
Some invasive ants form large networks of mutually non-aggressive nests, i.e., supercolonies. The Argentine ant Linepithema humile forms much larger supercolonies in introduced ranges than in its native range. In both cases, it has been shown that little gene flow occurs between supercolonies of this species, though the mechanism of gene flow restriction is unknown. In this species, queens do not undertake nuptial flight, and males have to travel to foreign nests and cope with workers before gaining access to alien queens. In this study, we hypothesized that male Argentine ants receive interference from workers of alien supercolonies. To test this hypothesis, we conducted behavioral and chemical experiments using ants from two supercolonies in Japan. Workers attacked males from alien supercolonies but not those from their own supercolonies. The level of aggression against alien males was similar to that against alien workers. The frequency of severe aggression against alien males increased as the number of recipient workers increased. Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles, which serve as cues for nestmate recognition, of workers and males from the same supercolony were very similar. Workers are likely to distinguish alien males from males of their own supercolony using the profiles. It is predicted that males are subject to considerable aggression from workers when they intrude into the nests of alien supercolonies. This may be a mechanism underlying the restricted gene flow between supercolonies of Argentine ants. The Argentine ant may possess a distinctive reproductive system, where workers participate in selecting mates for their queens. We argue that the aggression of workers against alien males is a novel form of reproductive interference.
|
['Animals', 'Ants', 'Argentina', 'Female', 'Gene Flow', 'Male', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal']
| 21,424,796
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.205'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['G05.330.159'], ['F01.145.113.252.748']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Empirically based composite fracture prediction model from the Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women (GLOW).
|
CONTEXT: Several fracture prediction models that combine fractures at different sites into a composite outcome are in current use. However, to the extent individual fracture sites have differing risk factor profiles, model discrimination is impaired.OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to improve model discrimination by developing a 5-year composite fracture prediction model for fracture sites that display similar risk profiles.DESIGN: This was a prospective, observational cohort study.SETTING: The study was conducted at primary care practices in 10 countries.PATIENTS: Women aged 55 years or older participated in the study.INTERVENTION: Self-administered questionnaires collected data on patient characteristics, fracture risk factors, and previous fractures.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The main outcome is time to first clinical fracture of hip, pelvis, upper leg, clavicle, or spine, each of which exhibits a strong association with advanced age.RESULTS: Of four composite fracture models considered, model discrimination (c index) is highest for an age-related fracture model (c index of 0.75, 47 066 women), and lowest for Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) major fracture and a 10-site model (c indices of 0.67 and 0.65). The unadjusted increase in fracture risk for an additional 10 years of age ranges from 80% to 180% for the individual bones in the age-associated model. Five other fracture sites not considered for the age-associated model (upper arm/shoulder, rib, wrist, lower leg, and ankle) have age associations for an additional 10 years of age from a 10% decrease to a 60% increase.CONCLUSIONS: After examining results for 10 different bone fracture sites, advanced age appeared the single best possibility for uniting several different sites, resulting in an empirically based composite fracture risk model.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Statistical', 'Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,423,345
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['C05.116.198.579.610', 'C18.452.104.579.610'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mutants of Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis lacking diacetyl reductase activity.
|
Three strains of Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis, namely DRC-1, DRC-2 and DRC-3 which produced diacetyl up to 120 h of incubation were exposed to the ultraviolet irradiation as well as N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) to isolate mutants lacking diacetyl reductase activity. UV irradiation did not produce any isolate completely devoid of diacetyl reductase activity, though, 99.5% loss in activity could be achieved. NTG treatment proved to be more effective and seven survivors exhibiting complete loss of diacetyl reductase activity were recovered. These altered characteristics were retained on repeated subculturing.
|
['Acetoin Dehydrogenase', 'Alcohol Oxidoreductases', 'Cell-Free System', 'Diacetyl', 'Lactococcus lactis', 'Methylnitronitrosoguanidine', 'Mutation', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 86,283
|
[['D08.811.682.047.820.200'], ['D08.811.682.047'], ['A11.284.835.168'], ['D02.522.296.400'], ['B03.353.750.737.500.400', 'B03.510.400.800.500.400', 'B03.510.550.737.500.400'], ['D02.078.370.649.400', 'D02.654.567.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Quantitative sensory testing in the trigeminal region: site and gender differences.
|
AIMS: To establish a quantitative sensory testing (QST) profile in the trigeminal (V) area and test for site and gender differences in healthy humans.METHODS: A standardized QST protocol was applied on 15 healthy men (age range: 18 to 25 years old) and 15 age-matched women, and the sensitivity was examined bilaterally in facial sites supplied by the infraorbital (V2) and mental (V3) nerves. The cold detection threshold (CDT), cold pain threshold (CPT), warm detection threshold (WDT), heat pain threshold (HPT), thermal sensory limen (TSL), mechanical detection threshold (MDT), mechanical pain sensitivity (MPS), mechanical pain threshold (MPT), dynamic mechanical allodynia (ALL), windup ratio (WUR), pressure pain threshold (PPT), and vibration detection threshold (VDT) were determined. Data were tested with ANOVAs for repeated measures and post-hoc comparisons were calculated using Bonferroni tests.RESULTS: There were significant gender differences with lower threshold (higher sensitivity) in women for CDT (P = .030) and PPT (P = .006). A significantly lower threshold (higher sensitivity) was detected for HPT (P < .001), and significantly higher thresholds (lower sensitivity) for VDT (P < .001) and CDT (P < .001) in V2 compared to V3. There were no significant right-to-left side differences for any of the QST parameters.CONCLUSION: Application of this standardized QST protocol may allow for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms from somatosensory phenotypes and provide basic information for the study of sensory dysfunctions in the V area.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Facial Pain', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperalgesia', 'Male', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain Perception', 'Pain Threshold', 'Pressure', 'Sex Factors', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Thermosensing', 'Trigeminal Nerve', 'Vibration', 'Young Adult']
| 21,528,123
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C23.888.592.612.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.751.791.400', 'C23.888.592.763.770.400'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['F02.463.593.504'], ['F02.463.593.710.560', 'F02.830.816.444.700', 'G11.561.790.444.700'], ['G01.374.715'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['F02.830.816.781', 'G07.850', 'G11.561.790.781'], ['A08.800.800.120.760'], ['G01.374.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytomegalovirus ileitis in a patient after liver transplantation-differentiating from de novo IBD.
|
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been reported in immunocompromised patients and is seen following liver transplantation. Although CMV infection can affect any part of the GI tract, involvement of the terminal ileum is rarely encountered after liver transplantation. We report a case of a 32-year-old male who developed CMV infection of the terminal ileum while receiving immunosuppression for liver transplantation. Initial ganciclovir treatment did not improve the patient's symptoms and therapy was then switched to foscarnet which ultimately resulted in resolution of infection. However the patient continued to have symptoms because of intermittent small bowel obstruction because of ulcerations and fibrosis ultimately requiring surgical resection. CMV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was negative throughout the course of infection. Surgical resected specimen revealed no evidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Follow up colonoscopy up to a year after infection also did not reveal any evidence of IBD. Compartmentalization in the clinical presentation of CMV involving GI tract can be seen with a negative blood DNA PCR. Histological diagnosis thus forms an important part in the clinical follow-up of liver transplant patients undergoing intense immunosuppression and should be aggressively pursued in patients with GI symptoms. De novo IBD should be considered in the differential diagnosis in these patients who do not improve with anti-viral treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Ileitis', 'Immunosuppression', 'Inflammatory Bowel Diseases', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 21,683,307
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.205.462.624', 'C06.405.469.326.875', 'C06.405.469.420.520'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['C06.405.205.731', 'C06.405.469.432'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Microbial quality of tropical inland waters and effects of rainfall events.
|
Novel markers of fecal pollution in tropical waters are needed since conventional methods recommended for other geographical regions may not apply. To address this, the prevalence of thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, coliphages, and enterophages was determined by culture methods across a watershed. Additionally, human-, chicken-, and cattle-specific PCR assays were used to identify potential fecal pollution sources in this watershed. An enterococcus quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was tested and correlated with culture methods at three sites since water quality guidelines could incorporate this technique as a rapid detection method. Various rainfall events reported before sample collection at three sites were considered in the data analyses. Thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, coliphages, and enterophages were detected across the watershed. Human-specific Bacteroides bacteria, unlike the cattle- and chicken-specific bacteria, were detected mostly at sites with the corresponding fecal impact. Enterococci were detected by qPCR as well, but positive correlations with the culture method were noted at two sites, suggesting that either technique could be used. However, no positive correlations were noted for an inland lake tested, suggesting that qPCR may not be suitable for all water bodies. Concentrations of thermotolerant coliforms and bacteriophages were consistently lower after rainfall events, pointing to a possible dilution effect. Rainfall positively correlated with enterococci detected by culturing and qPCR, but this was not the case for the inland lake. The toolbox of methods and correlations presented here could be potentially applied to assess the microbial quality of various water types.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Bacteroides', 'Cattle', 'Chickens', 'Coliphages', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Feces', 'Humans', 'Lakes', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Puerto Rico', 'Rain', 'Rivers', 'Species Specificity', 'Tropical Climate', 'Water Microbiology', 'Water Pollutants']
| 22,610,428
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['B03.440.080.094.152', 'B03.440.425.410.194.152'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['B04.123.205'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.311.580', 'G16.500.275.280.500', 'N06.230.232.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['Z01.107.084.900.750', 'Z01.639.880.750'], ['G16.500.175.859', 'G16.500.275.063.725.395', 'G16.500.750.775.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.450', 'N06.230.520'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['G16.824'], ['G16.500.275.071.600', 'N06.230.300.100.250.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450'], ['D27.888.284.903']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Morphological and genetic divergence in Swedish postglacial stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) populations.
|
BACKGROUND: An important objective of evolutionary biology is to understand the processes that govern phenotypic variation in natural populations. We assessed patterns of morphological and genetic divergence among coastal and inland lake populations of nine-spined stickleback in northern Sweden. Coastal populations are either from the Baltic coast (n = 5) or from nearby coastal lakes (n = 3) that became isolated from the Baltic Sea (< 100 years before present, ybp). Inland populations are from freshwater lakes that became isolated from the Baltic approximately 10,000 ybp; either single species lakes without predators (n = 5), or lakes with a recent history of predation (n = 5) from stocking of salmonid predators (~50 ybp).RESULTS: Coastal populations showed little variation in 11 morphological traits and had longer spines per unit of body length than inland populations. Inland populations were larger, on average, and showed greater morphological variation than coastal populations. A principal component analysis (PCA) across all populations revealed two major morphological axes related to spine length (PC1, 47.7% variation) and body size (PC2, 32.9% variation). Analysis of PCA scores showed marked similarity in coastal (Baltic coast and coastal lake) populations. PCA scores indicate that inland populations with predators have higher within-group variance in spine length and lower within-group variance in body size than inland populations without predators. Estimates of within-group PST (a proxy for QST) from PCA scores are similar to estimates of FST for coastal lake populations but PST >FST for Baltic coast populations. PST >FST for PC1 and PC2 for inland predator and inland no predator populations, with the exception that PST <FST for body size in inland populations lacking predators.CONCLUSIONS: Baltic coast and coastal lake populations show little morphological and genetic variation within and between groups suggesting that these populations experience similar ecological conditions and that time since isolation of coastal lakes has been insufficient to demonstrate divergent morphology in coastal lake populations. Inland populations, on the other hand, showed much greater morphological and genetic variation characteristic of long periods of isolation. Inland populations from lakes without predators generally have larger body size, and smaller spine length relative to body size, suggesting systematic reduction in spine length. In contrast, inland populations with predators exhibit a wider range of spine lengths relative to body size suggesting that this trait is responding to local predation pressure differently among these populations. Taken together the results suggest that predation plays a role in shaping morphological variation among isolated inland populations. However, we cannot rule out that a causal relationship between predation versus other genetic and environmental influences on phenotypic variation not measured in this study exists, and this warrants further investigation.
|
['Animals', 'Body Size', 'Body Weights and Measures', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Ecosystem', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genetic Variation', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Phylogeny', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Smegmamorpha', 'Sweden']
| 21,970,590
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['E01.370.600.115.100', 'E05.041.124', 'G07.100.100'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.365'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.850'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
An efficient sampling technique used to detect four foodborne pathogens on pork and beef carcasses in nine Belgian abattoirs.
|
The method presented in this paper should prove useful in assessing the effectiveness of HACCP plans developed in slaughterhouses. Samples were collected by swabbing well-defined areas of pork and beef carcasses with sterile gauze. Between 160 and 420 half-carcasses were swabbed in each of nine pork or beef slaughterhouses. Swabs from five carcasses were placed in the same sterile Stomacher bag, constituting a single composite sample. Standard or validated analytical methods were used to isolate and characterize four foodborne pathogens. Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter spp., and verocytotoxin-producing E. coli were detected, respectively, in 27, 2, 2, and 14% of the pork samples and 0, 22, 10, and 5% of the beef samples. Of the 10 samples positive for E. coli O157, only one yielded an isolate confirmed to be enterohemorrhagic. Since Salmonella spp. appear as the main contaminant port (27%) and L. monocytogenes as the main containment of beef (22%), any slaughterhouse sampling plan should include testing for the former in the case of pork carcasses and for the latter in the case of beef carcasses. One should also test regularly for the presence of E. coli O157 and Campylobacter spp. in pork and beef abattoirs. The method presented here is an easy way to assess the contamination rate of carcasses at the end of the slaughtering process.
|
['Abattoirs', 'Animals', 'Belgium', 'Campylobacter', 'Cattle', 'Escherichia coli O157', 'Listeria monocytogenes', 'Meat Products', 'Salmonella', 'Serotyping', 'Swine']
| 9,709,223
|
[['J01.576.423.200.700.100', 'J03.540.020'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.542.115'], ['B03.440.180', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300.800.250.500', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100.800.250.500'], ['B03.353.500.500.500', 'B03.510.100.500.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.485.500'], ['G07.203.300.600.500', 'J02.500.600.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Anti-biofilm, anti-hemolysis, and anti-virulence activities of black pepper, cananga, myrrh oils, and nerolidol against Staphylococcus aureus.
|
The long-term usage of antibiotics has resulted in the evolution of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Unlike antibiotics, anti-virulence approaches target bacterial virulence without affecting cell viability, which may be less prone to develop drug resistance. Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that produces diverse virulence factors, such as á-toxin, which is hemolytic. Also, biofilm formation of S. aureus is one of the mechanisms of its drug resistance. In this study, anti-biofilm screening of 83 essential oils showed that black pepper, cananga, and myrrh oils and their common constituent cis-nerolidol at 0.01 % markedly inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation. Furthermore, the three essential oils and cis-nerolidol at below 0.005 % almost abolished the hemolytic activity of S. aureus. Transcriptional analyses showed that black pepper oil down-regulated the expressions of the á-toxin gene (hla), the nuclease genes, and the regulatory genes. In addition, black pepper, cananga, and myrrh oils and cis-nerolidol attenuated S. aureus virulence in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This study is one of the most extensive on anti-virulence screening using diverse essential oils and provides comprehensive data on the subject. This finding implies other beneficial effects of essential oils and suggests that black pepper, cananga, and myrrh oils have potential use as anti-virulence strategies against persistent S. aureus infections.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Biofilms', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Cananga', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Hemolysis', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Piper nigrum', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Survival Analysis', 'Terpenes', 'Virulence']
| 25,027,570
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.065.781'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E05.393.332'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['D10.627.675'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.812.666.500'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D02.455.849'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Use of â-cyclodextrin-tethered cationic polymer based fluorescence enhancement of pyrene and hybridization chain reaction for the enzyme-free amplified detection of DNA.
|
Herein, we proposed an enzyme-free strategy for the amplified detection of DNA by combining the efficient fluorescence enhancement capability of a â-cyclodextrin-tethered cationic polymer (cationic polyâ-CD) to pyrene with the amplification capability of target DNA triggered hybridization chain reaction (HCR). Cationic polyâ-CD with positive charge was synthesized. Two hairpin probes, H1 and H2, were employed in the system and the pyrene-labelled H2 was chosen as the signal unit. The pyrene attached on the sticky end of H2 was flexible and there was strong electrostatic interaction between cationic polyâ-CD and negatively-charged H2, so pyrene could easily enter the cavity of CD that is tethered on the cationic polymer, accompanied by significant fluorescence enhancement. Once target DNA was introduced, HCR was triggered to form a rigid long dsDNA polymer with pyrene attached on it. The pyrene was hardly able to enter the cavity of cationic polyâ-CD because of steric hindrance, leading to a weak fluorescent signal. Owing to the efficient pyrene fluorescence enhancement of cationic polyâ-CD and the amplified capability of HCR, an enzyme-free sensitive detection of target DNA was achieved with a detection limit of 0.1 nM and high selectivity.
|
['DNA', 'Limit of Detection', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Polymers', 'Pyrenes', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'beta-Cyclodextrins']
| 27,929,588
|
[['D13.444.308'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.799', 'D04.615.799'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Determination of omeprazole in rat plasma by HPLC with column switching.
|
A new high-performance liquid chromatographic method with column switching has been developed for the determination of omeprazole in plasma. The plasma samples were injected onto a Bondapak phenyl/corasil (37-50 microns) precolumn and polar plasma components were washed with 0.06 M borate buffer. After valve switching, the concentrated drug were eluted in the back-flush mode and separated on a mu-Bondapak C18 column with acetonitrile-phosphate buffer as the mobile phase. The method showed excellent precision, accuracy and speed with detection limit of 0.01 microgram/ml-1. Total analysis time per sample was less than 20 min and the coefficients of variation for intra and inter-assay were less than 5.63%. This method has been successfully applied to plasma samples from rats after oral administration of omeprazole.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Ulcer Agents', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Omeprazole', 'Rats', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 10,319,158
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.483.203'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.886.640.074.500', 'D03.383.725.024.500', 'D03.633.100.103.034.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Development of Public Health Department with course of economy].
|
Transition of Russia to marketing economy necessitated reformation of public health system, which, in turn, necessitated economic education of medical staff. I. M. Setchenov Moscow Medical Academy accumulated sufficient experience in the solution of this problem many-year research validated the need in economic education of medical staff under conditions of public health reforms. This paper sums up the results of organization and experimental studies of introduction of public health economy in the curriculum.
|
['Academies and Institutes', 'Economics, Medical', 'Education, Medical', 'Humans', 'Moscow', 'Public Health']
| 11,255,946
|
[['N03.540.052'], ['N03.219.300'], ['I02.358.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.433.653', 'Z01.542.248.775.510'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis: clinical, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic study of twelve cases.
|
The clinical, cytogenetic, and immunophenotypic features in 12 adult patients with acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis (APMF; ICD-0-3: 9931/3; C42.1) are reported (median age: 57 years; f/m = 1.4). The white cell count (WBC) was normal in 3 patients; 9 had leucopenia. The median hemoglobin value was 64.5 g/l, and median platelet count 12 x 10(9)/l. Bone marrow biopsy showed a hypercellular marrow in 10/12 patients with a significant infiltration of pathological blasts (range: 30 - 60%). All the cases had marked reticulin fibrosis. Immunophenotyping of bone marrow blast cells showed the expression of early (CD34) and lineage-unspecified antigens (HLA-DR) in 6/7, and 7/7 patients, respectively. "Early" myeloid antigens (CD13, CD33) were seen in 6/7 and 4/6 patients respectively. Monocyte antigen (CD14) was expressed in 3/7 patients. Megakaryocyte antigen (CD61) and erythroid cell antigen (GpA) were each expressed in only 1 patient. Two patients had expression of CD34, HLA-DR and "early" myeloid antigens by their bone marrow blast cells and 1 of these also had a co-expression of the antigens from a differentiated monocytic cell proliferation (lysozyme+, CD68+). Nonspecific chromosomal aberrations were recorded in 8/10 patients. The median survival was 2 months. These findings suggest an immature myeloid phenotype of blast cells in APMF. In 6/9 patients a leukemic cell differentiation into monocytic, megakaryocytic or erythroid lineage was also demonstrated.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Karyotyping', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Primary Myelofibrosis', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,223,649
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.190.636.765'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[A Case of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis, Secondary to Subclinical Basedow Disease].
|
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)is a rare condition accounting for <1% of all strokes. It has been linked to a multitude of risk factors, including infections, oral contraceptive use, coronary disease, malignant disease, trauma, surgery, coagulopathy and several others. However, the association between hyperthyroidism and CVST is poorly understood. We describe here a rare case of CVST, secondary to subclinical Basedow disease. A 68-year-old woman with general fatigue, headache, speech disturbance and slow behavior was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a fresh infarction in the left temporal lobe, and CT angiography revealed filling defects of superior sagittal sinus and transverse sinus. Moreover, the patient was diagnosed with Basedow disease for the first time, by examination for tachycardia. This case suggests that it is essential to have a new awareness that hyperthyroidism is an important risk factor for CVST.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Graves Disease', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Multimodal Imaging', 'Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,924,070
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C11.675.349.500', 'C19.874.283.605', 'C19.874.397.370', 'C20.111.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.350.567'], ['C10.228.140.300.525.425.500', 'C14.907.253.566.350.500', 'C14.907.355.590.213.350.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[New aspects of assessment of physical development of children and adolescents by preventive examinations].
|
The results of the examinations of a representative cross-section were used as the basis for bringing up to date the standard values and ranges of variability of the body measurements of newborns according to gestational age, of head circumference up to the 3rd year and of body height and weight from 0-18 years. Tables and somatograms were also drawn up for the evaluation of body weight in relation to specific types of build, and standard values for skinfold thickness and total body fat were worked out in order to permit a biologically meaningful assessment of the physical development and nutritional status of children and adolescents. Alongside the description of the individual stages in the development of selected characteristics of maturation used in assessing sexual maturity, percentiles for the average age on reaching each of these stages of development will be available, together with a new series of photographs of breast, pubes and genital development.
|
['Anthropometry', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Reference Values', 'Sexual Maturation']
| 2,088,095
|
[['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G07.345.750.750', 'G08.686.841.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Use of a newly developed beta-mercaptoethanol enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to diagnose visceral leishmaniasis in patients in eastern Sudan.
|
Corroboration of serology results is essential for restricting the risk of inappropriate antileishmanial prescription. A direct agglutination test (DAT) and a recently developed beta-mercaptoethanol-modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (beta-ME ELISA) based on the use of antigen prepared as described for the DAT were applied to 416 sera from two Sudanese populations with and without clinical evidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Of 285 sera with the lowest antileishmanial DAT titers (</=1:100 to 1:1,600), 270 (94.7%) scored comparable minimum beta-ME ELISA absorbance values (</=0.1 to 0.26). In 117 sera that demonstrated the highest DAT titers (1:12,800 to >/=1:25,600), 86 (73.5%) scored maximum (0.81 to >/=1.35) and 30 (25.6%) medium (0.27 to 0.80) beta-ME ELISA absorbance values. VL diagnosis was established for 142 (44.1%) patients in the VL-symptomatic group (n = 322), based on positive microscopy for Leishmania donovani in lymph node aspirates or positive DAT (titer, >/=1:3,200). Of the 125 sera from the symptomatic patients for whom microscopy was positive for VL, 111 (88.8%) had comparable positive DAT and beta-ME ELISA readings. In all 17 sera from the symptomatic DAT-positive patients for whom leishmaniasis was not established by microscopy but who responded favorably to antileishmanial therapy, absorbance values (>/=0.27) indicative of VL were obtained by beta-ME ELISA. Of 197 symptomatic patients for whom microscopy was negative for VL, 172 (87.3%) tested negative in beta-ME ELISA and 180 (91.4%) in DAT. Based on the high reliability demonstrated here for VL detection, beta-ME ELISA fulfills the requirement of confirming DAT results in patients manifesting suspected VL.
|
['Agglutination Tests', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Protozoan', 'Antigens, Protozoan', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Endemic Diseases', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Leishmania donovani', 'Leishmaniasis, Visceral', 'Mercaptoethanol', 'Reagent Strips', 'Reducing Agents', 'Rural Population', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Sudan']
| 17,942,614
|
[['E01.370.225.812.735.050', 'E05.200.812.735.050', 'E05.478.594.760.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.252', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.252', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.252'], ['D23.050.293'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N06.850.392'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['B01.268.475.868.488.230'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.510', 'C01.920.813.510'], ['D02.033.375.534', 'D02.886.489.409'], ['D27.505.259.875.680', 'D27.720.470.410.680.680', 'E07.720.720'], ['D27.720.470.410.690'], ['N01.600.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['Z01.058.290.120.760']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Long-chain fatty alcohols from evening primrose oil inhibit the inflammatory response in murine peritoneal macrophages.
|
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L., Onagraceae) is a wild medicinal plant of Central American origin that is now one of the most widely used herbal medicines in different parts of the world. Oil extracted from it seeds is traditionally used in the treatment of eczema, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, breast problem, premenstrual and menopausal syndrome, all they have an inflammatory component. The present study demonstrates the in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of long-chain fatty alcohols, minor compounds isolated from Evening primrose oil (EPO).MATERIAL AND METHODS: A mixture of long chain fatty alcohols (LCFAs) was isolated from the non-triacylglycerol fraction of the EPO. Hexacosanol (C26OH: 38.65%), tetracosanol (C24OH: 31.59%), docosanol (C22OH: 11.36%) and octocosanol (C28OH: 7.64%), were the major constituents, identified and quantified by GC and GC-MS. LCFA was tested with LPS stimulated murine peritoneal macrophage. This fraction, significantly and dose-dependently decreased nitric oxide production induced by LPS (P<0.001) and the inhibitory effect seems to be consequence of an action at the level of the inducible nitric-oxide synthethase (iNOS) gene enzyme expression rather than to a direct inhibitory action on enzyme activity. The release of PLA2 and TXB2 also was significantly inhibited by LCFAs (P<0.001) although LCFAs did not affect to PGE2 generation, however the western blot assay showed that LCFAs reduced cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme gene expression at all doses assayed. In the same way, the secretion of inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1â (IL-1â) and tumour necrosis factor á (TNF-á) from LPS-stimulated murine macrophage, were also significantly reduced (P<0.001).CONCLUSION: These results demonstrates the anti-inflammatory activity of LCFAs, providing an additional value about the role of bioactive minor compounds in the beneficial effect of EPO and supports its traditional uses in inflammatory processes management.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Survival', 'Dinoprostone', 'Fatty Alcohols', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Linoleic Acids', 'Macrophages, Peritoneal', 'Mice', 'Nitrites', 'Phospholipases A2, Secretory', 'Plant Oils', 'Thromboxane B2', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'gamma-Linolenic Acid']
| 24,239,848
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.346'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['D02.033.415', 'D10.289'], ['G05.308'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['D10.251.355.310.515', 'D10.251.355.343.500'], ['A11.329.372.630', 'A11.627.482.630', 'A11.733.397.630', 'A15.382.670.522.630', 'A15.382.680.397.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937.750'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.810', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.810'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D10.251.355.310.640.425', 'D10.251.355.343.249']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patterns of care at end of life in children with advanced heart disease.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe patterns of care for pediatric patients with advanced heart disease who experience in-hospital death.DESIGN: Retrospective single-institution medical record review.SETTING: A tertiary care pediatric hospital.PARTICIPANTS: All patients younger than 21 years who died in the inpatient setting between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2009, with primary cardiac diagnoses or who had ever received a cardiology consult (N=468). After excluding patients with significant noncardiac primary diagnoses, 111 children formed the analytic sample.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: In-hospital deaths of children with heart disease during a 3-year period.RESULTS: Median age at death was 4.8 months (age range,1 day to 20.5 years), with 84 deaths (75.7%) occurring before age 1 year. Median length of terminal hospital stay was 22 days (range, 1-199 days). Diagnoses included 84 patients (75.7%) with congenital heart disease, 10 (9.0%)with cardiomyopathy/myocarditis, 9 (8.1%) with pulmonary hypertension, and 8 (7.2%) with heart transplants.Sixty-two patients (55.9%) had received cardio-pulmonary resuscitation during their last hospital admission. At the end of life, 21 children (18.9%) had gastrostomy tubes and 26 (23.4%) had peritoneal drains.Most patients (91.9%) received ventilation, with half also receiving mechanical circulatory support. Eighty-three patients (74.8%) experienced additional end-organ failure. Classified by mode of death, 76 patients (68.5%) had disease-directed support withdrawn, 28 (25.2%) died during resuscitation, and 7 (6.3%) died while receiving comfort care after birth. Eighty-three percent of parents were present at the time of death.CONCLUSION: Infants and children who die of advanced heart disease frequently succumb in the intensive care setting with multisystem organ failure and exposure to highly technical care.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cause of Death', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Terminal Care', 'Young Adult']
| 22,473,887
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C14.280'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.760.905', 'N02.421.585.905'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ouabain-insensitive, halide-sensitive Tl+ uptake by canine iliac arteries.
|
Ouabain-insensitive Tl+ uptake by canine iliac arteries was studied. A significant fraction was halide-sensitive, with Br- substituting well for Cl-. The halide-sensitive component was inhibited by diuretics (MK196, bumetanide), PCMBS, low temperatures and external cations K+, Rb+. External but not internal Na+ was necessary for the uptake process. The process was not sensitive to disulphonic stilbenes. The halide-sensitive uptake appears to represent the operation of a (Na+/K+/Cl-)-cotransport process in arteries.
|
["4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid", "4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid", '4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate', 'Animals', 'Bromides', 'Bumetanide', 'Chlorides', 'Dogs', 'Iliac Artery', 'Indans', 'Lithium', 'Ouabain', 'Potassium', 'Rubidium', 'Temperature', 'Thallium']
| 3,002,467
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.200', 'D02.500.375.125', 'D02.886.250.125'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.050', 'D02.500.375.050', 'D02.886.250.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.097.150', 'D02.691.750.740.220', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.100.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.139.300.050', 'D01.248.497.158.125'], ['D02.065.884.150', 'D02.241.223.100.050.300.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.452.500', 'D02.886.590.700.150'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.486.487', 'D04.615.486.487'], ['D01.268.549.450', 'D01.268.557.290', 'D01.552.528.480', 'D01.552.547.290'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.750.600', 'D09.408.180.810.600'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.268.549.650', 'D01.268.556.800', 'D01.552.528.759', 'D01.552.544.800'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.268.556.847', 'D01.552.544.847']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neuropsychological differences between young and old schizophrenics with and without associated neurological dysfunction.
|
Age differences among 134 schizophrenics with associated neurological dysfunction, 160 schizophrenics without such dysfunction, 285 nonschizophrenics with neurological dysfunction and 240 patient controls on the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological Test Battery (HRB) were examined by splitting subjects at their median ages and performing two way analyses of variance for each HRB component test with diagnosis and age category as the independent variables. In the case of the schizophrenics with neurological dysfunction, significant interactions were found for several subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), and for the Speech Perception, Trail Making and Aphasia Screening Test. In the case of the neurologically intact subgroup, significant interactions were only found for the WAIS Comprehension subtest and Part B of the Trail Making Test. Only WAIS Comprehension produced a significant interaction in the nonschizophrenic group with neurological dysfunction. It was concluded that age differences in neurologically intact schizophrenics were generally comparable to those found in the controls, but that was less the case for the neurologically impaired schizophrenics. Furthermore, this pattern of findings is unlikely to be based upon the presence of associated neurological dysfunction alone, but probably reflects the particularly detrimental effect of compounding schizophrenia with neurological dysfunction.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Neurocognitive Disorders', 'Neurologic Examination', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychometrics', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology']
| 2,278,976
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10'], ['F03.615'], ['E01.370.376.550', 'E01.370.600.550'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Leukocyte subsets in the granulomatous response produced after inoculation with Mycobacterium leprae-BCG in lepromatous patients.
|
Leukocyte subsets present in the granulomatous response produced after the inoculation of a mixture of Mycobacterium leprae and BCG in lepromatous leprosy patients were characterized in situ using monoclonal antibodies and an immunoperoxidase technique. The granuloma produced after M. leprae-BCG inoculation showed a distribution pattern similar to tuberculoid granulomas. T lymphocytes bearing the CD8 phenotype (T cytotoxic/suppressor) were sequestered to the periphery of the epithelioid tubercles and T helper-inducer CD4+ lymphocytes were distributed throughout the infiltrate. Langerhans cells CD1+ were increased in the epidermis, and in dermis they were localized mainly in the mantle surrounding the granuloma. Most of the dermal infiltrate produced after the inoculation or M. leprae-BCG expresses the HLA-DR antigen. Similarly, most keratinocytes were also positive to this MHC antigen. The granulomatous response to BCG was similar to the inoculation of a mixture of M. leprae-BCG, however acid-fast bacilla were still present. The inoculation of M. leprae produced a macrophage granuloma with no clearing of the bacilla which resembles the lepromatous leprosy granuloma.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Granuloma', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Langerhans Cells', 'Leprosy, Lepromatous', 'Leukocytes', 'Mycobacterium bovis', 'Mycobacterium leprae', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 2,908,581
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['C15.604.515.292', 'C23.550.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A11.066.270.500', 'A11.436.270.545', 'A15.382.066.270.500', 'A15.382.670.260.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.775.500'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.402', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.402'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.502', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.502'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Frequency and significance of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in polyarteritis nodosa.
|
We tested sera from 56 patients to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), to assess the specificity of these antibodies for hepatitis C virus encoded antigens, and to evaluate the clinical features in patients with HCV infection and PAN. Eleven (20%) were positive for anti-HCV by an enzyme immunoassay. Three (5%) had specific antibodies to HCV encoded antigens detected by recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA II) and had HCV RNA detected by polymerase chain reaction. Patients with HCV infection were more likely to have liver and skin involvement and a diminished serum complement.
|
['Adult', 'Base Sequence', 'Female', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis Antibodies', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polyarteritis Nodosa', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Serologic Tests']
| 8,097,250
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['C14.907.940.090.720', 'C14.907.940.897.500', 'C17.800.862.625'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Exploring the interactions of decabrominateddiphenyl ether and tetrabromobisphenol A with human serum albumin.
|
Decabrominateddiphenyl ether (deca-BDE) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) are known as brominated flame-retardants, which are commonly found in the environment. The binding mechanisms of deca-BDE and TBBPA with human serum albumin (HSA) are still unknown. In this report, the interactions of deca-BDE and TBBPA with HSA were investigated using different spectroscopic methods and molecular modeling. The experimental results indicated the formation of complexes between deca-BDE/TBBPA and HSA with different affinity. These interactions affected the secondary structure of HSA. Thermodynamic investigations revealed that hydrophobic forces mainly drove the binding interactions of deca-BDE/TBBPA with HSA. For TBBPA, hydrogen-bonding interactions were also involved in the binding process of TBBPA with HSA. According to the analysis of experimental and theoretical data, we concluded that the binding site of deca-BDE to HSA located in the subdomain IB, while TBBPA was near to subdomain IIA and Trp-214. The binding interactions of deca-BDE and TBBPA with the most prominent carrier protein in the human circulatory system could influence mechanisms of their biochemical processes. Thus, these binding interactions can play central roles in studying the distribution and toxicity mechanisms of brominated flame-retardants.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Flame Retardants', 'Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Polybrominated Biphenyls', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Serum Albumin']
| 25,194,328
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D27.720.361'], ['D02.355.726.601', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.601'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185.680', 'D02.455.526.368.700'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Amnionic infection syndrome by retro-amniotic uterine abscess: false-negative bacteriological diagnostic amniocentesis].
|
UNLABELLED: In general intra-amniotic infection causes severe fetal compromise. Prematurity resulting from preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, maternal fever, maternal or fetal septicemia and fetal tachycardia is the major problem of this clinical syndrome. Therefore early detection of chorioamnionitis gains high prospective value. Gram's staining method from amniotic fluid provides a quick and reliable diagnostic tool (sensitivity 63.8%, specificity 97.7%). A localized extra-amniotic abscess demonstrates the special case of a false negative amniocentesis performed for bacteriological reasons.CONCLUSION: In suspected amniotic infection the obstetrical management has always to take into account all different parameters--clinical symptoms, chemistry and microbiological analysis. Nevertheless Gram's stain is a reliable and quick method to verify amniotic infection syndrome.
|
['Abdominal Abscess', 'Adult', 'Bacteriological Techniques', 'Chorioamnionitis', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Puerperal Infection', 'Uterine Diseases']
| 9,483,873
|
[['C01.830.025.020'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['C13.703.277.030', 'C13.703.420.339.260', 'C13.703.590.268', 'C16.300.030'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.354.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['C01.674.715', 'C13.703.700.715', 'C13.703.844.757'], ['C13.351.500.852']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
School-aged children: a reservoir for continued circulation of Haemophilus influenzae type b in the United Kingdom.
|
BACKGROUND: A resurgence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease occurred in the United Kingdom between 1999 and 2003 and was partially attributed to lower immunogenicity of combination vaccines. The reservoir for Hib that led to transmission in this period is unknown.METHODS: We estimated the point prevalence of Hib carriage in school-aged children and adults, using oropharyngeal swabbing and selective media. We characterized the Hib isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and measured Hib antibody concentrations in adults by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: Point prevalence for Hib carriage in 855 children aged 6-16 years was 4.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5%-5.9%). Five clonal groups of Hib were identified by MLST, 86% from the lineage of sequence type 6. No Hib was isolated in 385 adults (upper limit of 95% CI, 0.95%). The geometric mean concentration of serum antibody to polyribosylribitol phosphate was 0.47 microg/mL (95% CI, 0.37-0.59 mirog/mL) in adults.CONCLUSIONS: Hib carriage is common in school-aged children, who are a significant reservoir for ongoing transmission of Hib to susceptible individuals in the United Kingdom. Surveillance of transmission and immunity across all ages of the population is essential to monitor the evolution of Hib epidemiology.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Carrier State', 'Child', 'Disease Reservoirs', 'Haemophilus Infections', 'Haemophilus influenzae type b', 'Humans', 'Pharynx', 'Prevalence', 'United Kingdom']
| 18,422,439
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N06.850.520.203.250'], ['C01.150.252.400.700.433'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330.150', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.750', 'A04.623', 'A14.724'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The features of the spatial structure of the gramicidine A-cesium complex.
|
Earlier obtained two-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy data were used to analyze the spatial structure and conformational mobility of the double right increases decreases pi pi 7.2 LD helix of the complex formed by gramicidine A and Cs+ ions in an organic solvent (a chloroform-methanol mixture). Analysis of the experimental data permitted the determination of a set of conformations for each of the high-mobility residue side chains in the solution. The energy refinement of the most probable conformation of the double right increases decreases pi pi 7.2 LD helix was made and conformational rearrangements of the tryptophan residue side chain were studied in detail.
|
['Cesium', 'Chloroform', 'Gramicidin', 'Leucine', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Methanol', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Solvents', 'Tryptophan']
| 7,545,134
|
[['D01.268.549.125', 'D01.268.556.165', 'D01.552.528.160', 'D01.552.544.165'], ['D02.455.526.439.224', 'D02.455.526.913.810'], ['D04.345.566.850.300', 'D12.644.641.850.300', 'D12.776.543.695.221'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D02.033.623'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D27.720.844'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Action of acid cathepsins on the myosin and sarcoplasmic proteins of normal and denervated rat muscles].
|
The activity of acid cathepsins in extracts of the healthy and denervated rat muscles was determined, using the proper and homologous sarcoplasmic proteins and myosin as substrates. Splitting of the sarcoplasmic proteins produces a 50% increase and that of myosin produces a 110% increase in the activity of acid cathepsins of the denervated muscles as compared to that of healthy ones. Substrates isolated from the healthy and denervated muscles are splitted by acid cathepsins with the same intensity.
|
['Animals', 'Cathepsins', 'Denervation', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscles', 'Myosins', 'Rats', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum']
| 1,021,907
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.224'], ['E04.525.210'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D05.750.078.730.475', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750', 'D12.776.210.500.600', 'D12.776.220.525.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Embolization of bleeding stomal varices by direct percutaneous approach.
|
Stomal varices can occur in patients with stoma in the presence of portal hypertension. Suture ligation, sclerotherapy, angiographic embolization, stoma revision, beta blockade, portosystemic shunt, and liver transplantation have been described as therapeutic options for bleeding stomal varices. We report the case of a 21-year-old patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis and colectomy with ileostomy for ulcerative colitis, where stomal variceal bleeding was successfully treated by direct percutaneous embolization. We consider percutaneous embolization to be an effective way of treating acute stomal bleeding in decompensated patients while awaiting decisions regarding shunt procedures or liver transplantation.
|
['Cholangitis, Sclerosing', 'Colectomy', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Portal', 'Ileostomy', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Male', 'Mesenteric Veins', 'Phlebography', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional', 'Varicose Veins', 'Young Adult']
| 20,467,869
|
[['C06.130.120.200.110'], ['E04.210.219'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.494'], ['E04.210.338.508', 'E04.579.338.508'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['A07.015.908.670.385'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.600', 'E01.370.370.050.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890'], ['C14.907.927'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[In vitro study on signal transduction in mice spiral ganglion cell stimulated by multi-wavelength laser based on calcium imaging].
|
Objective: To research the auditory nerve transduction effects under multi-wavelength pulsed laser stimulations within a safe and acceptable signal range. Methods: The real-time detection of intracellular calcium concentration was adopted by specific fluorescent indicator staining based on calcium imager. The spiral ganglion cells of mice were cultured in vitro. After fluorescent indicating, morphologic observation under optical microscope, Fura-2 calcium ion fluorescence excitation, intact morphology cells selection, fixing the optical fiber, the spiral ganglion cells were irradiated by different wavelength laser, including visible light (450 nm) and near infrared light (808 nm,1 065 nm). The intracellular calcium concentration was monitored by calcium ion imaging. Results: When 450 nm laser stimulated spiral ganglion cells, the intracellular calcium concentration was strongly increased, however, for other wavelength laser stimulation, there was no obvious relative response. And the sensitivity expression of the nerve cells under laser was related with the location of laser fiber. Cells closer to the fiber produced more obvious changes in calcium ion concentration, while for cells farther away from the fiber, the change amplitudes were weaker although the number of changes in calcium ion concentration was consistent. Conclusion: The spiral ganglion cells of mice can induce a signal transduction response under the action of laser, and the response has laser wavelength selectivity.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Lasers', 'Mice', 'Neurons', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spiral Ganglion']
| 32,074,751
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['A11.251'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A08.340.390.800', 'A08.800.350.800', 'A08.800.800.120.910.120.800', 'A09.246.300.246.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mating behaviour of Echinostoma trivolvis and E. paraensei in concurrent infections in hamsters.
|
Young adults of Echinostoma trivolvis and E. paraensei were recovered from hamsters previously infected with metacercarial cysts. Some worms of each species were exposed for 1 h to 3-H-tyrosine to label sperm and transplanted singly to uninfected hamsters with several unlabelled worms of the same or opposite species or both species. After 5 days, recovered worms were processed for paraffin sectioning and autoradiography. The resulting slides were observed for the location of radioactive sperm in the seminal receptacles of donor (labelled) and recipient (unlabelled) worms. When E. trivolvis was the donor with the recipient E. paraensei, self-insemination took place, but only one interspecies mating occurred out of 72 possible recipient worms. When E. paraensei served as the donor, self-insemination again occurred, but no cross-insemination was observed among the 59 E. trivolvis recipient worms. When single donor worms had a choice of either species of recipient worms, no interspecies mating took place, but both self- and cross-insemination occurred in the normal, unrestricted behaviour found in single species mating studies. Rates of both self- and cross-insemination were higher in concurrent infections of both recipient species than in single species mating studies. After transplant, both species localized in their natural habitat within the small intestine, with 1/3 overlapping in the duodenum, making interspecies mating a possibility. The correlation between mating and electrophoretic studies on the genetic relationship between 37-collar-spined echinostomes is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Echinostoma', 'Echinostomiasis', 'Fertilization', 'Insemination', 'Mesocricetus', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal', 'Species Specificity']
| 10,654,401
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.360.310'], ['C01.610.335.865.282'], ['G08.686.784.277'], ['G08.686.784.363'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['F01.145.113.252.748'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative performance assessment of point-of-care testing devices for measuring glucose and ketones at the patient bedside.
|
Point-of-care (POC) testing devices for monitoring glucose and ketones can play a key role in the management of dysglycemia in hospitalized diabetes patients. The accuracy of glucose devices can be influenced by biochemical changes that commonly occur in critically ill hospital patients and by the medication prescribed. Little is known about the influence of these factors on ketone POC measurements. The aim of this study was to assess the analytical performance of POC hospital whole-blood glucose and ketone meters and the extent of glucose interference factors on the design and accuracy of ketone results. StatStrip glucose/ketone, Optium FreeStyle glucose/ketone, and Accu-Chek Performa glucose were also assessed and results compared to a central laboratory reference method. The analytical evaluation was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocols for precision, linearity, method comparison, and interference. The interferences assessed included acetoacetate, acetaminophen, ascorbic acid, galactose, maltose, uric acid, and sodium. The accuracies of both Optium ketone and glucose measurements were significantly influenced by varying levels of hematocrit and ascorbic acid. StatStrip ketone and glucose measurements were unaffected by the interferences tested with exception of ascorbic acid, which reduced the higher level ketone value. The accuracy of Accu-Chek glucose measurements was affected by hematocrit, by ascorbic acid, and significantly by galactose. The method correlation assessment indicated differences between the meters in compliance to ISO 15197 and CLSI 12-A3 performance criteria. Combined POC glucose/ketone methods are now available. The use of these devices in a hospital setting requires careful consideration with regard to the selection of instruments not sensitive to hematocrit variation and presence of interfering substances.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ketones', 'Male', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Point-of-Care Systems']
| 25,519,295
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.522'], ['E01.370.520'], ['N04.452.442.452.452.680', 'N04.452.515.360.652', 'N04.590.874']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Food products of animal origin and environment contaminants].
|
Environmental contaminants may reach humans via products of animal origin is obtained mainly from production animals but also from fish. Heavy metals such as lead, mercury and cadmium are present in food in minor quantities only and, in general, do not represent a serious threat to the consumer. Xenobiotics which accumulate in adipose tissue are discussed subsequently. In The Netherlands, the presence of organochlorine pesticides is not problematic anymore. HCH isomers, however, still require attention. The same applies for PCB's and dioxins in fish and in milk, respectively. Finally, some attention is paid to the way in which food of animal origin can become contaminated by certain radionuclides.
|
['Animals', 'Dioxins', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Food Analysis', 'Food Contamination', 'Metals', 'Pesticide Residues', 'Polychlorinated Biphenyls', 'Radioisotopes']
| 1,412,371
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.309.500', 'D03.383.231'], ['D27.888.284'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['D01.552'], ['D27.720.031.700.672', 'D27.888.723.697', 'N06.850.460.200.700'], ['D02.309.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.698', 'D02.455.526.439.773'], ['D01.496.749']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Morphometric and ultrastructural analyses of melanocytes, nevus cells, and melanoma cells.
|
Cytological atypia, revealed in the course of routine light microscopy, is considered a valuable indicator of malignancy in melanocytic lesions. A clear definition of the term cytological atypia, however, is lacking. Therefore, by morphometric analysis of ultrathin sections of 11 malignant melanomas (7 invasive, 3 in situ, and 1 lentigo maligna melanoma) and 10 compound nevi, we evaluated the discriminating power of the various facets of cytological atypia, i.e., nuclear area, area of the nucleolus, area of the total cell, and nuclear irregularity. In each case, at least 50 intraepidermal melanocytic cells were examined. The two-sided U-test showed significant differences between intraepidermal nevus and melanoma cells, with regard to the mean values (mean) and standard deviations (s) of the nuclear area (mean and s, p = 0.00011), area of the nucleolus (mean, p = 0.00043; s, p = 0.00011), and area of the total cell (mean, p = 0.00011; s, p = 0.00093). However, only the mean values and standard deviations of the nuclear area allowed a clear distinction in each individual case. The area of the nucleus can be estimated in the course of routine histology. We therefore think that the size and variation of the nuclear area should be considered in the histological differential diagnosis between malignant melanomas and benign nevi.
|
['Cell Nucleolus', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Humans', 'Melanocytes', 'Melanoma', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Nevus, Pigmented']
| 3,592,744
|
[['A11.284.430.106.279.345.175'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.750', 'A11.436.613'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['C04.557.665.560.615']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Amplitude of accommodation and its relation to refractive errors.
|
AIMS: To evaluate the relationship between amplitude of accommodation and refractive errors in the peri-presbyopic age group.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred and sixteen right eyes of 316 consecutive patients in the age group 35-50 years who attended our outpatient clinic were studied. Emmetropes, hypermetropes and myopes with best-corrected visual acuity of 6/6 J1 in both eyes were included. The amplitude of accommodation (AA) was calculated by measuring the near point of accommodation (NPA). In patients with more than +/- 2 diopter sphere correction for distance, the NPA was also measured using appropriate soft contact lenses.RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in AA between myopes and hypermetropes (P < 0.005) and between myopes and emmetropes (P < 0.005) in the 35-39 year age group. In the 40-44 year age group, there was a significant difference in AA between emmetropes and hypermetropes (P < 0.0001), emmetropes and myopes (P < 0.01) and hypermetropes and myopes (P < 0.0001). In patients above 45 years of age there was no significant difference (P > 0.5).CONCLUSION: Our study showed higher amplitude of accommodation among myopes between 35 and 44 years compared to emmetropes and hypermetropes.
|
['Accommodation, Ocular', 'Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Humans', 'Hyperopia', 'Middle Aged', 'Myopia', 'Presbyopia', 'Visual Acuity']
| 15,976,465
|
[['G14.010'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.744.479'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.744.636'], ['C11.744.786'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chronic ethanol ingestion modifies liver microsomal phosphatidylserine inducing resistance to hydrolysis by exogenous phospholipase A2.
|
Chronic ethanol ingestion leads to the acquisition of a tolerance to membrane lipid disordering, a lowered partition coefficient to hydrophobic compounds and a resistance to the hydrolysis of the phospholipids by exogenous phospholipase A2. Anionic phospholipids have been implicated as being responsible for the resistance to lipid disordering and a number of modifications to these phospholipids are known to occur as a result of chronic ethanol-ingestion. In this study the basis of the resistance to phospholipase A2 in hepatic microsomes was investigated. It was found that chronic ethanol-induced modifications to each of the major phospholipid classes was responsible to some extent for the resistance to phospholipase A2, however, PS was particularly potent considering it is a compositionally minor constituent. The effect was interpreted as a reduced ability to activate the phospholipase A2 since PS acts as an essential activator of phospholipase A2 (along with PI). Fatty acid analysis revealed that the chronic ethanol-treatment resulted in a elevated level of docosahexaenoate with a parallel reduction in arachidonate in phosphatidylserine. Lipid packing and organization is important in the regulating the level of exogenous phospholipase A2 activity but the activity was not found to correlate with lipid order of different phosphatidylserine species. It is concluded that subtle differences in the molecular species arrangement or disposition around the enzyme may be responsible for the altered phospholipase A2 interaction with the membrane induced by chronic ethanol-treatment. One implication of this study is that other anionic phospholipid dependent membrane proteins, of which there are many known examples, may also be modified as a result of chronic ethanol-ingestion.
|
['Alcoholism', 'Animals', 'Fatty Acids', 'Hydrolysis', 'Male', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Phosphatidylserines', 'Phospholipases A', 'Phospholipases A2', 'Phospholipids', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Reference Values', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 1,764,451
|
[['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['B01.050'], ['D10.251'], ['G02.380'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.971'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937'], ['D10.570.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High-performance chiral separation of fourteen triazole fungicides by sulfated beta-cyclodextrin-mediated capillary electrophoresis.
|
In this paper, sulfated beta-cyclodextrin-mediated capillary electrophoresis (CE) is evaluated as a new approach for the chiral separation of triazole-type fungicides. The 14 fungicides investigated were bitertanol, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, myclobutanil, paclobutrazol, penconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon and triadimenol. Under the optimal conditions, excellent enantioseparation was achieved for all the 14 fungicides, including those fungicides containing two chiral centers. To our knowledge, this is the only system to date that offers outstanding enantiodiscrimination towards all triazole-type fungicides. The impact of the molecular structures of the triazole compounds on their migration behavior was studied. Similar to other chemical systems involving host-guest complexation, the interaction between sulfated beta-cyclodextrin and the triazole compounds was found to be affected by a variety of factors, including electrostatic force, hydrogen bonding, steric effect and hydrophobicity. These factors, coupled with the countercurrent electroosmotic flow (EOF), were believed to be the major forces behind the exceptional chiral selectivity.
|
['Cyclodextrins', 'Electrophoresis, Capillary', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Triazoles', 'beta-Cyclodextrins']
| 11,307,981
|
[['D04.345.103', 'D09.301.915.400.375', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375'], ['E05.196.401.190', 'E05.301.300.190'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Enhanced passive screening and diagnosis for gambiense human African trypanosomiasis in north-western Uganda - Moving towards elimination.
|
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) in Uganda has been declining, from 198 cases in 2008, to only 20 in 2012. Interruption of transmission of the disease by early diagnosis and treatment is core to the control and eventual elimination of gHAT. Until recently, the format of available screening tests had restricted screening and diagnosis to central health facilities (passive screening). We describe a novel strategy that is contributing to elimination of gHAT in Uganda through expansion of passive screening to the entire population at risk.METHODOLOGY / PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this strategy, patients who are clinically suspected of having gHAT at primary health facilities are screened using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), followed by parasitological confirmation at strategically located microscopy centres. For patients who are positive with the RDT and negative by microscopy, blood samples undergo further testing using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), a molecular test that detects parasite DNA. LAMP positive patients are considered strong suspects, and are re-evaluated by microscopy. Location and upgrading of facilities to perform microscopy and LAMP was informed by results of georeferencing and characterization of all public healthcare facilities in the 7 gHAT endemic districts in Uganda. Three facilities were upgraded to perform RDTs, microscopy and LAMP, 9 to perform RDTs and microscopy, and 200 to screen patients with RDTs. This reduced the distance that a sick person must travel to be screened for gHAT to a median distance of 2.5km compared to 23km previously. In this strategy, 9 gHAT cases were diagnosed in 2014, and 4 in 2015.CONCLUSIONS: This enhanced passive screening strategy for gHAT has enabled full coverage of the population at risk, and is being replicated in other gHAT endemic countries. The improvement in case detection is making elimination of the disease in Uganda an imminent possibility.
|
['Blood Buffy Coat', 'DNA, Protozoan', 'Health Facilities', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Microscopy', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Trypanosoma brucei gambiense', 'Trypanosomiasis, African', 'Uganda']
| 29,023,573
|
[['A15.145.229.093'], ['D13.444.308.442'], ['N02.278'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['E05.393.620'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.110'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.719', 'C01.920.937'], ['Z01.058.290.120.880']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Pseudoporphyria: a clinical and biochemical study of 20 patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and laboratory findings in patients with pseudoporphyria.PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective review identified 261 patients with either porphyrin metabolism abnormalities or pseudoporphyria who were seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn, between 1992 and 1996. All patients with documented porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), noncutaneous porphyrias, or variegate porphyria were excluded.RESULTS: Twenty patients had active cutaneous lesions resembling PCT with no diagnostic laboratory abnormalities. The major presenting clinical features were blistering in 19 patients (95%), scarring in 14 (70%), photosensitivity in 13 (65%), skin fragility in 13 (65%), and milia in 8 (40%). Histologically, of 17 patients tested, 12 (71%) had classic findings of subepidermal separation with festooning of dermal papillae. None of the 11 patients tested had hepatitis B or C. In all 20 patients, porphyrin profiles were nondiagnostic. Of 16 patients for whom follow-up was available, 11 reported persistent symptoms for a mean of 2.5 years after evaluation. Five patients were free of symptoms 1 week to 6 months after discontinuation of the presumed offending agent.CONCLUSION: Pseudoporphyria mimics the cutaneous symptoms of PCT in the setting of normal or near-normal porphyrin levels in the serum, urine, or stool. Despite efforts to discontinue an offending medication, symptoms may persist indefinitely.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Records Systems, Computerized', 'Middle Aged', 'Porphyrias', 'Porphyrins', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 11,357,795
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625', 'L01.313.500.750.300.695', 'N04.452.859.564.650', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.452.811'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
p49, a putative HLA class I-specific inhibitory NK receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
|
NK cells display several killer inhibitory receptors (KIR) specific for different alleles of MHC class I molecules. A family of KIR are represented by type I transmembrane proteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (Ig-SF). Besides cDNA encoding for these KIR, additional cDNA have been identified which encode for Ig-SF receptors with still undefined specificity. Here we analyze one of these cDNA, termed cl.15.212, which encodes a type I transmembrane protein characterized by two extracellular Ig-like domains and a 115-amino acid cytoplasmic tail containing a single immuno-receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) which is typical of KIR. cl.15.212 cDNA displays approximately 50 % sequence homology with other Ig-SF members. Different from the other KIR, cl.15.212 mRNA is expressed by all NK cells and by a fraction of KIR+ T cell clones. cl.15.212 cDNA codes for a membrane-bound receptor displaying an apparent molecular mass of 49 kDa, thus termed p49. To determine the specificity of the cl.15.212-encoded receptor, we generated soluble fusion proteins consisting of the ectodomain of p49 and the Fc portion of human IgG1. Soluble molecules bound efficiently to 221 cells transfected with HLA-G1, -A3, -B46 alleles and weakly to -B7 allele. On the other hand, they did not bind to 221 cells either untransfected or transfected with HLA-A2, -B51, -Cw3 or -Cw4. The binding specificity of soluble p49-Fc was confirmed by competition experiments using an anti-HLA class I-specific monoclonal antibody. Finally, different cDNA encoding for molecules homologous to cl.15.212 cDNA have been isolated, two of which lack the sequence encoding the transmembrane portion, thus suggesting they may encode soluble molecules.
|
['Alleles', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'COS Cells', 'Cell Membrane', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Receptors, Immunologic', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Solubility', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 9,645,380
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.543.750.705'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.805'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated in a university hospital: Role of inter-hospital transmission.
|
INTRODUCTION: Acinetobacter baumannii causes severe infections that primarily affect intensive care unit (ICU) patients. It has a high prevalence of multidrug resistance, including carbapenems, and a high potential for intra-hospital and inter-hospital transmission. The aim of this study was to determine the origin of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii isolates in our hospital during 2009.METHODOLOGY: This was an observational retrospective study. Isolates of A. baumannii were obtained from patients hospitalized during 2009. XDR isolates were defined using criteria published by Magiorakos et al.. The isolates were classified as community acquired, hospital acquired, and inter-hospital transmission.RESULTS: A total of 48 isolates of A. baumannii were isolated during 2009, corresponding to 34 patients. Of these, 18 (53%) were susceptible, 6 (18%) were multidrug resistant (MDR), and 10 (29%) were XDR. Of the 10 XDR isolates, 9 were isolated from patients transferred from other hospitals. The median time of hospitalization in origin hospitals was 17 days, while the median time of hospitalization in the study hospital, previous to isolation of A. baumannii, was 1 day. A total of 6 out of 10 patients had a positive culture taken on the day of admission. None of the patients shared a clinical ward or time during hospitalization. Genotypic characterization demonstrated the existence of two clones (A and B) which were geographically associated with patients transferred from two different regions of the country.CONCLUSIONS: During 2009, all XDR A. baumannii isolates were recovered from patients coming from other hospitals, indicative of inter-hospital transmission.
|
['Acinetobacter Infections', 'Acinetobacter baumannii', 'Disease Transmission, Infectious', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Genotype', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Molecular Epidemiology', 'Molecular Typing', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 26,829,543
|
[['C01.150.252.400.560.022'], ['B03.440.400.425.537.050.099', 'B03.660.250.530.050.099'], ['N06.850.335'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['G05.380'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.416', 'E05.393.522', 'H01.158.201.636.475.500', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475.500', 'H01.181.122.650.475.550', 'H02.403.720.500.300', 'N06.850.520.470'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125.457', 'E05.200.875.150.125.457', 'E05.393.542'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Role of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography and dynamic flow in the evaluation of hepatic tumors treated with radiofrequency.
|
The contribution of contrast-enhanced color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and dynamic flow (DF) (Toshiba) in the evaluation following treatment of hepatic tumors with radiofrequency (RF) is discussed. Twenty-seven patients with 34 hepatic tumors were included in this prospective study. The treated tumors measured 10-58 mm in diameter (mean diameter 29 mm). Two tumors were treated twice and one three times, comprising a total of 38 target lesions treated with RF and evaluated by 127 contrast-enhanced CDUS. The results of CDUS follow-up were compared to those of the dynamic MRI at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months and 1 year. Before RF, the injection of Levovist raised the number of vascularized lesions seen with unenhanced Doppler from 44% to 79%. All the non-vascularized lesions were metastases. Twenty-four hours after RF, four tumors presented an enhancement with Levovist, in which two were insufficiently treated lesions. Twenty-one treated tumors have been followed-up jointly by CDUS and MRI at the same time at 2 months, 20 at 4 months, 12 at 6 months and nine at 1 year. Compared to the MRI and the evolution, the CDUS presented a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90% for the detection of progressive recurrence. The preliminary results show that the CDUS is useful to confirm the absence of detectable vascularity after treatment with RF ablation, whereas the presence of enhancement must be confirmed by MRI.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color']
| 16,154,818
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Outcome of the first electron microscopy validation task force meeting.
|
This Meeting Review describes the proceedings and conclusions from the inaugural meeting of the Electron Microscopy Validation Task Force organized by the Unified Data Resource for 3DEM (http://www.emdatabank.org) and held at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ on September 28 and 29, 2010. At the workshop, a group of scientists involved in collecting electron microscopy data, using the data to determine three-dimensional electron microscopy (3DEM) density maps, and building molecular models into the maps explored how to assess maps, models, and other data that are deposited into the Electron Microscopy Data Bank and Protein Data Bank public data archives. The specific recommendations resulting from the workshop aim to increase the impact of 3DEM in biology and medicine.
|
['Animals', 'Databases, Factual', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Sequence Annotation']
| 22,325,770
|
[['B01.050'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470'], ['D05'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['E05.393.760.479', 'L01.453.245.667.580']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A pilot study of feasibility and efficacy of telemedicine-delivered psychophysiological treatment for vascular headache.
|
Headache is a common complaint. Psychological treatment has been effective in managing the symptoms of vascular (migraine and combined migraine-tension) headache. Traditional office-based treatment may be inconvenient for many patients in terms of time and travel constraints, thereby limiting access. Telemedicine has emerged as a promising delivery medium to address these barriers to access. However, the efficacy of remotely delivered treatment for vascular headache remains untested. This case series is a preliminary evaluation of effectiveness and feasibility of an analogue telemedicine system for delivery of psychophysiological treatment for vascular headache. Three of four subjects showed improvement. These findings are encouraging for follow-up study of the clinical utility and broader viability of headache treatment via distance technology.
|
['Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Georgia', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Hospitals, Veterans', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Pilot Projects', 'Psychophysiology', 'Telemedicine', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Headaches', 'Videoconferencing']
| 15,689,649
|
[['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.250', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.370'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N02.278.421.510.180.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.452.610'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E02.190.525.812', 'F02.830', 'F04.096.795', 'H01.158.782.795'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C10.228.140.300.800', 'C10.228.140.546.699.500', 'C14.907.253.937'], ['L01.178.847.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Universal aptameric system for highly sensitive detection of protein based on structure-switching-triggered rolling circle amplification.
|
A universal approach is proposed in this study for the development of an aptameric assay system for proteins based on aptamer structure-switching-triggered ligation-rolling circle amplification (L-RCA) upon target binding. The strategy chiefly depends on the competition for binding the aptamer probe between target protein and a complementary single-stranded DNA (CDNA) that can induce the circularization of the padlock probe. Introduction of target protein into the assay system inhibits the hybridization of the CDNA with the aptamer probe because of the formation of the target/aptamer duplex. The free CDNA can only hybridize with the padlock probe. With the assistance of DNA ligase, the padlock probe is circularized, and the subsequent RCA process can be accomplished by Phi 29 DNA polymerase. Each RCA product containing thousands of repeated sequences might hybridize with a large number of molecular beacons (detection probes), resulting in an enhanced fluorescence signal. In contrast, in the absence of target protein, no obvious change in the fluorescence intensity of the detection probe is observed. This signaling mode for target recognition and transduction events is based on the combination of aptamer recognition elements and L-RCA technology with high specificity and sensitivity. The proposed assay system not only exhibits excellent analytical characteristics (e.g., the detection limit on attomolar scale and a linear dynamic range of more than 3 orders of magnitude) but also possesses significant advantages over existing aptameric assays. The proposed strategy is universal since the sequences of aptamer probe, CDNA, and padlock probe could be easily designed to be compatible with the L-RCA based detection of other proteins without other conditions.
|
['Aptamers, Nucleotide', 'Base Sequence', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Protein Binding', 'Proteins', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 20,151,715
|
[['D13.695.578.424.224'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.601.043'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cadaveric Porcine Spines as a Model for the Human Epidural Space.
|
Most patients who undergo epidural anesthesia are pregnant and thus a protected population, which has limited investigations of the human epidural space. Among the several species studied as models for the human spine, the porcine spine has been used as a model for spine instrumentation. Although the spread of colored dye within the porcine epidural space has been investigated, no model has demonstrated in situ spread by using radiopaque contrast dye. To this end, we here used 10 Yorkshire swine cadavers through an approved tissue sharing agreement. Epidural catheters were placed by using a landmark-based loss-of-resistance technique; placement was confirmed through radiography. The catheters were connected to epidural infusion pumps to ensure consistent dosing, 2-mL boluses of contrast dye were injected into the space, and radiographs were taken and recorded after each bolus. The total spread of the contrast dye was analyzed. We demonstrated consistent and reliable spread of fluid in the epidural space among the animals used, with low variability between animals of different weights. Our results support the use of the epidural space of cadaveric swine as a model for the human epidural space. Furthermore, the technique for epidural administration by using the landmark-based loss-of-resistance demonstrated in this model was validated, thus supporting future investigations of medication delivery into the epidural space.
|
['Anesthesia, Epidural', 'Animals', 'Cadaver', 'Contrast Media', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Epidural Space', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Swine']
| 31,340,882
|
[['E03.155.086.131'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A02.835.232.834.803.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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