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Avian leucocyte common antigens: molecular weight determination and flow cytometric analysis using new monoclonal antibodies.
|
New leucocyte common antigens expressed on all the normal chicken leucocytes have been characterized using two monoclonal antibodies designated as K-11 and K-55. These monoclonal antibodies stained virtually 100% of the leucocytes derived from various lymphoid organs including the spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricius, caecal tonsil and peripheral blood, as well as a monocytic cell line (MC29), a B cell line (LSCC-RP9), and a T cell line (CU12). However, they did not stain mature erythrocytes, intestinal epithelial cells, or chicken embryonic fibroblasts. The two monoclonal antibodies showed different staining patterns and detected non-overlapping epitopes on MC29 cells in two color immunofluorescence analysis. Western blot analysis under non-reducing conditions showed that the monoclonal antibody K-11 recognized three splenic leucocyte proteins with molecular weights of 92, 42 and 41 kDa, whereas the monoclonal antibody K-55 recognized two proteins with molecular weights of 97 and 42 kDa. The data indicate that the monoclonal antibodies K-11 and K-55 recognize novel leucocyte-common antigens which have lower molecular weights than the previously reported leucocyte-common antigen family.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, CD', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line', 'Chickens', 'Epitopes', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Histocompatibility Antigens', 'Leukocyte Common Antigens', 'Lymphoid Tissue', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Molecular Weight', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Lew']
| 1,719,691
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D23.050.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D23.050.301.500', 'D23.050.705.552'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.400.100.500', 'D12.644.360.587.100.500', 'D12.776.476.592.100.500', 'D12.776.543.733.937.500'], ['A10.549', 'A15.382.520.604'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G02.494'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.280', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.280']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Dysregulation of gene expression in ABCC6 knockdown HepG2 cells.
|
ABCC6 protein is an ATP-dependent transporter that is mainly found in the basolateral plasma membrane of hepatocytes. ABCC6 deficiency is the primary cause of several forms of ectopic mineralization syndrome. Mutations in the human ABCC6 gene cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an autosomal recessive disease characterized by ectopic calcification of the elastic fibers in dermal, ocular and vascular tissues. Mutations in the mouse ABCC6 gene were also associated with dystrophic cardiac calcification. Reduced levels of ABCC6 protein were found in a â-thalassemic mouse model. Moreover, some cases of generalized arterial calcification in infancy are due to ABCC6 mutations. In order to study the role of ABCC6 in the pathogenesis of ectopic mineralization, the expressions of genes involved in this process were evaluated in HepG2 cells upon stable knockdown of ABCC6 by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) technology. ABCC6 knockdown in HepG2 cells causes a significant upregulation of the genes promoting mineralization, such as TNAP, and a parallel downregulation of genes with anti-mineralization activity, such as NT5E, Fetuin A and Osteopontin. Although the absence of ABCC6 has been already associated with ectopic mineralization syndromes, this study is the first to show a direct relationship between reduced ABCC6 levels and the expression of pro-mineralization genes in hepatocytes.
|
["5'-Nucleotidase", 'Calcinosis', 'Carrier Proteins', 'GPI-Linked Proteins', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins']
| 25,169,437
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.600.600'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.776.395.550.448', 'D12.776.543.484.500', 'D12.776.543.550.418'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308.320'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.100.304', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.100.304', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
[Prognostic factors related to mortality in newborns with jejunoileal atresia].
|
BACKGROUND: Jejuno-ileal atresia is one of the main causes of intestinal obstruction in neonates. The origin is vascular accidents in the fetal intestine. It is an entity that requires early and specialist management.OBJECTIVE: to know the factors related to mortality in neonates with jejunoileal atresia.METHODS: Case-control nested in a cohort design, comparative study during ten years, between deceased and survivors analyzing factors related to mortality before surgery and during surgery and in the postoperative course.RESULTS: We analyzed 70 patients in 10 years, there were 10 deaths (14.2%). No one had a prenatal diagnosis. Factors related to mortality were: intestinal perforation with a relative risk (RR) of 4.4, peritonitis (RR: 5.6), the need of stomas (RR: 4.9), the presence of sepsis (RR: 4.6) and when the residual small bowel length was below 1 meter (RR: 7.4).CONCLUSION: The delay in diagnosis causes late intervention and increased mortality delayed diagnosis promotes late transport of the neonate and enhances mortality, factors associated with mortality related to intestinal perforation. It is necessary to spread this disease in the medical community to improve prenatal and postnatal diagnosis.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Birth Order', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Catheter-Related Infections', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ileostomy', 'Ileum', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intestinal Atresia', 'Intestinal Perforation', 'Jejunum', 'Male', 'Peritonitis', 'Pneumoperitoneum', 'Polyhydramnios', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Pregnancy', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sepsis', 'Short Bowel Syndrome', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 23,374,382
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['E04.035'], ['F01.829.263.132', 'I01.240.361.160', 'N01.224.361.160', 'N06.850.505.400.400.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C01.195'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.210.338.508', 'E04.579.338.508'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C06.198.719', 'C06.405.469.445', 'C16.131.314.466'], ['C06.405.469.557'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['C01.463.600', 'C06.844.640'], ['C06.844.670'], ['C13.703.610'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['C06.405.469.637.832', 'C23.550.767.882'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
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Intakes of PUFAs were inversely associated with plasma C-reactive protein 12 years later in a middle-aged population with vitamin E intake as an effect modifier.
|
Although n-3 (ù-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered anti-inflammatory components, the role of dietary n-6 PUFAs in inflammation remains controversial. Some mechanistic evidence suggests vitamin E as a potential effect modifier in the relationship between PUFAs and inflammation. Our objectives were to evaluate the long-term associations between dietary intakes of PUFAs and elevated plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and to investigate potential effect modification by vitamin E. Individuals in the placebo group of the SU.VI.MAX trial who had available CRP measurements in 2007-2009 were included in the study (n = 843). Dietary intakes of n-3 PUFAs, n-6 PUFAs, and vitamin E were assessed in 1994-1996 with at least 6 dietary records. The logistic regression OR for elevated CRP (>3 mg/L) and 95% CI were estimated for individual PUFAs and for total n-3 and n-6 PUFA intakes. Models were adjusted for sociodemographical, lifestyle, anthropometric, and dietary variables. Interactions with vitamin E intakes were also assessed. Inverse associations were observed between intakes of total n-3 PUFAs [á-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3n-3), ALA + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3), EPA + docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22:5n-3), DPA + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3)] and n-6 PUFA [linoleic acid (18:2n-6) + arachidonic acid (20:4n-6)] and elevated CRP (OR for tertile 3 vs. tertile 1 of intake: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.77; P-trend = 0.01; and OR 0.38; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.70; P-trend = 0.002, respectively). Stratification on vitamin E intakes showed that inverse associations between dietary n-3 and n-6 PUFA intakes and elevated CRP were substantial only in individuals with low intakes of vitamin E. Our results supported the contention that intakes of both n-3 and n-6 PUFAs are inversely associated with plasma CRP concentrations. Vitamin E is a potential effect modifier and should therefore be taken into account in such investigations. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428.
|
['Adult', 'Anthropometry', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Diet', 'Diet Records', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-3', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-6', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Life Style', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Activity', 'Nutrition Assessment', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vitamin E']
| 24,027,184
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['N04.452.859.360'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D10.212.302.380.410', 'D10.251.355.337', 'D10.627.430.450'], ['D10.251.355.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['F01.829.458'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['E05.318.308.585', 'N05.715.360.300.560', 'N06.850.505.557', 'N06.850.520.308.585'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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[From "wet caries" to controllable complication. History of post-traumatic and postoperative osteitis].
|
In former times treatment of osteomyelitis was based on very few surgical principles such as incision of the infected region, debridement with sequestrectomy, and continuous drainage to prevent superficial closing of the wound. There were no rules for asepsis, anesthesia, and microbiology in the treatment of bone infection. Therapy improved dramatically when J. Lister introduced and performed antisepsis. With the beginning of the twentieth century it became much more standardized and differentiated. In the 4th decade of the twentieth century, the development of antibiotics changed the regime of osteomyelitis therapy again. Especially systemic intravenous antibiotic therapy was very successful in the treatment of the hematogeneous osteomyelitis. Treatment failed in post-traumatic and postoperative osteitis. Local antibiotic therapy on a delivery system was the breakthrough for these cases. The application of PMMA cement as an antibiotic delivery system led to this new possibility for treating bone infections and is still in use nowadays.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bone and Bones', 'History, 18th Century', 'History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'History, 21st Century', 'Humans', 'Osteitis', 'Surgical Wound Infection']
| 15,004,670
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['K01.400.504.875'], ['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['K01.400.504.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.680'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Indoor environment is a public health issue. Conference on indoor air quality and health July 4-8, 1993 Helsinki, Finland, Press Bulletin.
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No one today is in any doubt that the indoor environment can constitute a real health hazard if buildings are not properly designed, constructed and maintained. The 690 papers presented at the Sixth International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Health held in Helsinki, Finland, are an indisputable proof of this. The 20 workshops arranged during the Conference have worked hard to find solutions for controlling and improving indoor environment. The summary report from these workshops is available now.
|
['Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Global Health', 'Health Policy', 'Humans', 'Public Health']
| 7,911,696
|
[['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Nutritional status and its correlates among tribal children of Melghat, central India.
|
OBJECTIVE: To find out the magnitude and epidemiological determinants of malnutrition among 0-6 y tribal children.METHODS: A community based cross sectional study was done in the villages of Melghat in central India. The information of 540 children in the age group 0-6 y was collected. The newly developed WHO growth standards were used to calculate conventional indices of malnutrition (underweight, stunting and wasting) and composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF). Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to find out the correlates of malnutrition.RESULTS: The prevalence of malnutrition among these tribal children in terms of underweight, stunting, and wasting were 60.9 %, 66.4 % and 18.8 % respectively. Malnutrition in terms of composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) was 76.3 %. The important correlates of malnutrition that emerged out of this study were the age of child, age of mother less than 20 y at her first pregnancy, practice of not feeding colostrum, calorie deficit diet, anemia and morbidities like diarrhea and acute respiratory illnesses.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of malnutrition was high in tribal children. The health care delivery at village level should be strengthened for early diagnosis and prompt treatment of anemia and other morbidities in children. The strategies are needed to delay the child bearing age in this community and improve breast feeding practices.
|
['Anthropometry', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'India', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Malnutrition', 'Nutritional Status', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,647,871
|
[['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C18.654.521'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The differential development of adolescent alcohol expectancies may predict adult alcoholism.
|
To investigate changes in adolescent's alcohol expectancies as a function of increasing age and drinking experience, we compared the degree to which 12-14, 15-16, and 17-19 year old adolescents from normal seventh to twelfth grade classrooms (N = 1580) affirmed items comprising seven alcohol-expectancy scales. Results showed that adolescents increasingly believe alcohol improves social behavior, increases arousal, and decreases tension as they age. In contrast, the belief that alcohol improves cognitive and motor functioning increased and then decreased in a general adolescent sample, but remained high in problem drinking adolescents. The subsequent discovery of this same factor in 305 hospitalized alcoholics suggests that strong affirmation of this expectancy in late adolescence may have prognostic, and perhaps etiologic significance for the development of alcoholism.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Alcoholism', 'Attitude', 'Child', 'Humans', 'Psychology, Adolescent']
| 4,083,106
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F01.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.096.628.065']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 1
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| 0
|
Uncoupling angiogenesis and inflammation in peripheral artery disease with therapeutic peptide-loaded microgels.
|
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by vessel occlusion and ischemia in the limbs. Treatment for PAD with surgical interventions has been showing limited success. Moreover, recent clinical trials with treatment of angiogenic growth factors proved ineffective as increased angiogenesis triggered severe inflammation in a proportionally coupled fashion. Hence, the overarching goal of this research was to address this issue by developing a biomaterial system that enables controlled, dual delivery of pro-angiogenic C16 and anti-inflammatory Ac-SDKP peptides in a minimally-invasive way. To achieve the goal, a peptide-loaded injectable microgel system was developed and tested in a mouse model of PAD. When delivered through multiple, low volume injections, the combination of C16 and Ac-SDKP peptides promoted angiogenesis, muscle regeneration, and perfusion recovery, while minimizing detrimental inflammation. Additionally, this peptide combination regulated inflammatory TNF-á pathways independently of MMP-9 mediated pathways of angiogenesis in vitro, suggesting a potential mechanism by which angiogenic and inflammatory responses can be uncoupled in the context of PAD. This study demonstrates a translatable potential of the dual peptide-loaded injectable microgel system for PAD treatment.
|
['Angiogenesis Inducing Agents', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Cell Line', 'Drug Carriers', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Inflammation', 'Injections', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors', 'Mice', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Oligopeptides', 'Peripheral Arterial Disease', 'Polyesters', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 25,154,665
|
[['D27.505.696.377.077.077'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['C23.550.470'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.610'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G09.330.630'], ['D12.644.456'], ['C14.907.137.126.307.500', 'C14.907.617.671'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
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MCP-1 (CCL2) protects human neurons and astrocytes from NMDA or HIV-tat-induced apoptosis.
|
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated dementia is often characterized by chronic inflammation, with infected macrophage infiltration of the CNS resulting in the production of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) products, including tat, and neurotoxins that contribute to neuronal loss. In addition to their established role in leukocyte recruitment and activation, we identified an additional role for chemokines in the CNS. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) were found to protect mixed cultures of human neurons and astrocytes from tat or NMDA-induced apoptosis. Neuronal and astrocytic apoptosis in these cultures was significantly inhibited by co-treatment with MCP-1 or RANTES but not IP-10. The protective effect of RANTES was blocked by antibodies to MCP-1, indicating that RANTES protection is mediated by the induction of MCP-1. The NMDA blocker, MK801, also abolished the toxic effects of both tat and NMDA. Tat or NMDA treatment of mixed cultures for 24 h resulted in increased extracellular glutamate ([Glu]e) and NMDA receptor 1 (NMDAR1) expression, potential contributors to apoptosis. Co-treatment with MCP-1 inhibited tat and NMDA-induced increases in [Glu]e and NMDAR1, and also reduced the levels and number of neurons containing intracellular tat. These data indicate that MCP-1 may play a novel role as a protective agent against the toxic effects of glutamate and tat.
|
['AIDS Dementia Complex', 'Apoptosis', 'Astrocytes', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Chemokine CCL5', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Dizocilpine Maleate', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists', 'Gene Products, tat', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Humans', 'N-Methylaspartate', 'Neurons', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus']
| 12,753,088
|
[['C01.221.250.875.049', 'C01.221.812.640.400.070', 'C01.778.640.400.070', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.049', 'C01.925.813.400.070', 'C10.228.140.380.070', 'C20.673.480.070', 'F03.615.400.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.250', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.250', 'D23.125.300.110.250', 'D23.469.200.110.250', 'D23.529.374.200.110.250'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384.380', 'D04.615.181.384.380'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.300', 'D27.505.696.577.190.300'], ['D12.776.260.755.199', 'D12.776.930.900.199', 'D12.776.964.900.750.750', 'D12.776.964.925.984.400'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.067.500.400', 'D12.125.119.170.400'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D12.776.260.755.199.500', 'D12.776.930.900.199.500', 'D12.776.964.775.562.773', 'D12.776.964.900.750.750.500', 'D12.776.964.925.984.400.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acquisition of native conformation of ribosomal 5S ribonucleic acid from Escherichia coli. Hydrodynamic and spectroscopic studies on the unfolding and refolding of ribonucleic acid.
|
In a continuing effort to decipher the molecular mechanism of ribosome self-assembly [e.g., Dunn, J. M., & Wong, K.-P. (1979) Biochemistry 18, 4380-4385], the mechanism of folding of 5S RNA was investigated by unfolding and refolding studies using several physical techniques including circular dichroism (CD), UV absorption spectroscopy, and sedimentation velocity analysis to monitor various conformational changes. The 5S RNA was unfolded by using 6 M urea and EDTA, and an unfolded state was characterized in which the base pairing was found to be disrupted, but extensive base stacking remained. The unfolded 5S RNA was then refolded upon removal of urea and EDTA by dialysis against a reconstitution buffer both with and without Mg2+, and the refolded states were characterized. The results indicate that under the proper conditions, 5S RNA refolds to a conformation and overall shape very similar to the native conformation. These results indicate that the nucleotide sequence in 5S RNA contains the necessary information to direct the folding of the RNA into its native conformation. The presence of an appropriate concentration of Mg2+ and an incubation at 60 degrees C are required for the correct refolding, since omission of either one results in a renatured 5S RNA whose conformation is quite different from the native one.
|
['Circular Dichroism', 'Edetic Acid', 'Escherichia coli', 'Magnesium', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'Ribosomes', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Temperature', 'Urea']
| 6,807,343
|
[['E05.196.867.151'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.444.735.686'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The synthesis and evaluation of new butadiene derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors.
|
A series of new butadiene derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as tubulin polymerization inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. The optimal butadiene derivative, 9a, exhibited IC50 values of 0.056-0.089ìM for five human cancer cell lines. This paper included a mechanistic study of the antiproliferative activity, including a tubulin polymerization assay, an examination of morphological alterations of cancer cells, an analysis of cell cycle arrest and an apoptosis assay.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Butadienes', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Tubulin Modulators']
| 28,404,525
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.146.240'], ['G04.144.109'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['D27.505.519.593.249.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Too much nephrology? The CKD epidemic is real and concerning. A PRO view.
|
After decades of Babylonian confusion, we finally have a clear, uniform and widely accepted definition of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Based on evidence, and in accordance with other diseases, this definition is independent of age. This has made it possible to study the relevance and prevalence of CKD. We now know that CKD is associated with a myriad of health problems. We have also learned that studying the prevalence of CKD is difficult from a methodological perspective. But whatever the exact prevalence may be, we can safely conclude that CKD is common and that the crude prevalence of treated end-stage kidney disease is increasing, as is the importance of morbidity and mortality caused by CKD. The CKD epidemic is therefore real and concerning. It is now time to move forwards from debate about the semantics of the definition of CKD to the challenges of disseminating this newly obtained knowledge to patients, the medical community and health care policymakers and to develop strategies for CKD prevention and treatment.
|
['Epidemics', 'Humans', 'Nephrology', 'Prevalence', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic']
| 30,418,646
|
[['N06.850.290.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429.580'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Activity of single agent vinorelbine in pretreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
|
BACKGROUND: To assess the activity of single agent vinorelbine in pretreated non Hodgkin's lymphoma.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-three pretreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (14 intermediate-high grade, nine low-grade) were treated with vinorelbine 30 mg/m2/week for six months or up to four doses after achieving CR.RESULTS: Among 13 evaluable patients with intermediate-high grade lymphoma, three obtained CR and three PR, for an overall response rate of 46% (95% CI: 19%-75%). Median duration of response was six months. Otherwise, vinorelbine did not show any significant activity inn chemotherapy-refractory low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Toxicity was acceptable, and the drug was well-tolerated even in elderly patients.CONCLUSIONS: The good activity and tolerability of vinorelbine in relapsed intermediate-high grade lymphoma suggest its inclusion in first-line regimens, especially in elderly patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Middle Aged', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Vinblastine', 'Vinorelbine']
| 9,006,750
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.895'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.650'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.915']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Relations between the expression of p53, c-erbB-2, Ki-67 and HPV infection in cervical carcinomas and cervical dysplasias.
|
BACKGROUND: The analysis of mutual relations between HPV infection and the expression of cancer gene products and proliferative activity in cervical carcinomas and dysplasias.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of p53, c-erbB-2 oncoproteins and proliferative activity (Ki-67) was evaluated immunohistochemically in 41 cervical carcinomas and 29 dysplasias. HPV infection (type 16, 18) was assessed by in situ hybridization technique.RESULTS: HPV-positive carcinomas were found in 68.3% of cases. HPV type 16 infection were detected in 54% and HPV 18 in 39% of carcinomas. Simultaneous appearance of both virus types was shown in 25% of carcinomas. In dysplastic lesions, HPV infection was observed in 62.1% of cases. HPV type 16 was found in 34.5% and HPV 18 in 44.8% of patients. Both virus types were found in 17.2% of dysplasias. HPV infection was more extensive in cervical carcinomas than in dysplasias. Similarly the expression of oncoproteins was more intensive and referred to a higher percentage of cells in carcinomas. No relations between p53, c-erbB-2 overexpression and HPV infection were found. Ki-67 activity was found in a higher percentage of HPV-positive than in HPV-negative, both carcinomas and dysplasias.CONCLUSIONS: HPV infection, especially accompanied by increase of proliferative activity in dysplasias may define the cell subpopulation predisposed to malignant process development. The employment of in situ hybridization technique appears to be useful in detecting the viral infection in cytological smears even with no morphological changes in the cells.
|
['Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Papillomaviridae', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Tumor Virus Infections', 'Uterine Cervical Dysplasia', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 11,396,132
|
[['C04.557.470.200.240.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['C01.925.928'], ['C04.834.818', 'C13.351.500.852.593.074'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Tocolytic treatment with fenoterol. I. Prospective study of the effect of tocolysis on the condition of the newborn infant and early childhood development up to 4 years of age].
|
From 1976 to 1979 a prospective study was run at the Women's Hospital of Heidelberg in which every women was registered who attended the hospital before the 20th week of pregnancy. After delivery the infants' development was followed up to four years. During this time 404 women received fenoterol and 74 of them had premature deliveries. While 20% of the women were primarily treated with fenoterol before the 20th week of pregnancy (threatened abortion, cerclage), 80% received the drug in the 2nd and 3rd trimester (premature contractions, abnormal fetal heart rate pattern, premature opening of the external os etc.). Risk factors and early childhood development were compared with 465 women seen in the same time who had never needed fenoterol. The data of the patients' history, the course of pregnancy, and the state of the newborn, revealed that the risk of premature delivery in spite of tocolytic treatment was highest in young women, women with low bodyweight, women with a history of miscarriages, women with threatened abortion and women with anaemia during pregnancy. In correspondence with prematurity, the development of these children was delayed. The same factors of risk were demonstrated in women with successful tocolytic treatment and delivery after the 37th week of pregnancy, although their neonates were in a markedly better state. Early childhood development in this group did not differ from that in the group of women with deliveries after the 37th week and without tocolytic treatment.
|
['Birth Weight', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Fenoterol', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Obstetric Labor, Premature', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 2,711,726
|
[['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.033.100.291.465.300', 'D02.092.063.291.465.300', 'D02.092.311.660.300', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.660.300'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C13.703.420.491'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Wear behavior of pressable lithium disilicate glass ceramic.
|
This article reports effects of surface preparation and contact loads on abrasive wear properties of highly aesthetic and high-strength pressable lithium disilicate glass-ceramics (LDGC). Abrasive wear testing was performed using a pin-on-disk device in which LDGC disks prepared with different surface finishes were against alumina pins at different contact loads. Coefficients of friction and wear volumes were measured as functions of initial surface finishes and contact loads. Wear-induced surface morphology changes in both LDGC disks and alumina pins were characterized using three-dimensional laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results show that initial surface finishes of LDGC specimens and contact loads significantly affected the friction coefficients, wear volumes and wear-induced surface roughness changes of the material. Both wear volumes and friction coefficients of LDGC increased as the load increased while surface roughness effects were complicated. For rough LDGC surfaces, three-body wear was dominant while for fine LDGC surfaces, two-body abrasive wear played a key role. Delamination, plastic deformation, and brittle fracture were observed on worn LDGC surfaces. The adhesion of LDGC matrix materials to alumina pins was also discovered. This research has advanced our understanding of the abrasive wear behavior of LDGC and will provide guidelines for better utilization and preparation of the material for long-term success in dental restorations. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 968-978, 2016.
|
['Ceramics', 'Dental Porcelain', 'Glass', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 25,980,530
|
[['J01.637.153'], ['D25.339.376', 'J01.637.051.339.376', 'J01.637.153.377'], ['J01.637.437'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
3D-QSAR and molecular modeling studies on 2,3-dideoxy hexenopyranosid-4-uloses as anti-tubercular agents targeting alpha-mannosidase.
|
Ligand-based and structure-based methods were applied in combination to exploit the physicochemical properties of 2,3-dideoxy hex-2-enopyranosid-4-uloses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Statistically valid 3D-QSAR models with good correlation and predictive power were obtained with CoMFA steric and electrostatic fields (r(2) = 0.797, q(2) = 0.589) and CoMSIA with combined steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrogen bond acceptor fields (r(2) = 0.867, q(2) = 0.570) based on training set of 33 molecules with predictive r(2) of 0.808 and 0.890 for CoMFA and CoMSIA respectively. The results illustrate the requirement of optimal alkyl chain length at C-1 position and acceptor groups along hydroxy methyl substituent of C-6 to enhance the anti-tubercular activity of the 2,3-dideoxy hex-2-enopyranosid-4-uloses while any substitution at C-3 position exert diminishing effect on anti-tubercular activity of these enulosides. Further, homology modeling of M. tuberculosis alpha-mannosidase followed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations on co-complexed models were performed to gain insight into the rationale for binding affinity of selected inhibitors with the target of interest. The comprehensive information obtained from this study will help to better understand the structural basis of biological activity of this class of molecules and guide further design of more potent analogues as anti-tubercular agents.
|
['Antitubercular Agents', 'Deoxy Sugars', 'Humans', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tuberculosis', 'alpha-Mannosidase']
| 25,727,263
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['D09.254'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['D08.811.277.450.625.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Endothelial ultrastructure of myocardium microvessels affected by various methods of artificial hypothermia].
|
A comparative analysis of the endothelial ultrastructure of myocardium microvessels affected by various methods of artificial hypothermia was carried out. Tissue samples were harvested in children with a congenital ventricular septum defect after cooling the whole body under the conditions of hypothermic artificial circulation and perfusionless (immersion) hypothermia. It was found out that the shifts in population composition of endothelial cells, as well as the changes in the ultrastructure of organelles participating in endocellular syntheses and transendothelial transfer of macromolecules depended upon the rate body cooling. Under perfusionless hypothermia and of moderately low cooling rate, morphological signs of inhibition of endothelial cells metabolism were observed alongside with quantitative reduction of their micropinocytic transport indicators. Under hypothermic artificial circulation these reactions tended to lag behind due to the high cooling rate that initiates a heterogenic response of various endothelial processes to the changes of body temperature.
|
['Cell Count', 'Child, Preschool', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Hypothermia, Induced', 'Infant', 'Organelles', 'Perfusion', 'Pinocytosis', 'Time Factors']
| 17,338,258
|
[['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.258.750'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875'], ['E05.680'], ['G04.417.370'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae infections in Ixodes ricinus ticks from urban and natural forested areas of Poland.
|
BACKGROUND: Ixodes ricinus is a major vector for a range of microbial pathogens and the most prevalent and widely distributed tick species on the European continent, occurring in both natural and urban habitats. Nevertheless, little is known about the relative density of ticks in these two ecologically distinct habitats and the diversity of tick-borne pathogens that they carry.METHODS: We compared densities of questing I. ricinus nymphs and adults in urban and natural habitats in Central and Northeastern Poland, assessed the prevalence and rate of co-infection with A. phagocytophilum, Rickettsia, Ehrlichia and 'Ca. Neoehrlichia spp.' in ticks, and compared the diversity of tick-borne pathogens using molecular assays (PCR).RESULTS: Of the 1325 adults and nymphs, 6.2% were infected with at least one pathogen, with 4.4%, 1.7% and less than 0.5% being positive for the DNA of Rickettsia spp., A. phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia spp. and Ca. N. mikurensis, respectively. Although tick abundance was higher in natural habitats, the prevalence of the majority of pathogens was higher in urban forested areas.CONCLUSION: We conclude that: (i) zoonotic genetic variants of A. phagocytophilum are widely distributed in the Polish tick population, (ii) although the diversity of tick borne pathogens was higher in natural habitats, zoonotic species/strains were detected only in urban forests, (iii) and we provide the first description of Ca. N. mikurensis infections in ticks in Poland.
|
['Anaplasmataceae', 'Anaplasmataceae Infections', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Female', 'Forests', 'Humans', 'Ixodes', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nymph', 'Phylogeny', 'Poland', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Prevalence', 'Rickettsiaceae', 'Rickettsiaceae Infections', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Tick Infestations']
| 24,661,311
|
[['B03.440.664.750', 'B03.660.050.783.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.054'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['G16.500.275.157.437', 'N06.230.124.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400.425'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B05.500.650', 'G07.345.500.550.500.650'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['G05.365.795'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['B03.660.050.783.875'], ['C01.150.252.400.789', 'C01.920.914'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['C01.610.858.211.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Similar synapse density in layer IV columns of the primary somatosensory cortex of transgenic mice with different brain size: implications for mechanisms underlying the differential allocation of cortical space.
|
The relative dimension of the areas constituting the cerebral cortex differs greatly in the brains of different mammalian species. The mechanisms by which such an evolutionary remodeling has occurred is not well understood. To begin exploring possible mechanisms, we took advantage of a transgenic mouse model in which the area of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) shifts, to some extent independent from the area of the cortex as a whole, as a result of differences in the availability of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Electron microscopy estimations of synapse density in D3 and C3 cortical columns of the S1 layer IV revealed that this parameter was similar among wild type and transgenic mice with higher and lower availability of IGF-I. Because D3 and C3 columns were larger and smaller than normal in mice with higher and lower IGF-I availability, the total number of synapses contained in the average area of D3 and C3 columns increased and decreased, respectively. No differences in the number and overall arrangement of S1 columns were observed among animal groups. These results suggest that: 1) synapse density is a constant factor within the S1 cortical column structure; 2) the mechanisms and factors regulating cell number and synaptogenesis are affected as columns and cortical areas modify their relative dimensions; 3) altered availability of neurotrophic factors might be associated with changes in areal dimensions; and 4) changes in cortical areal dimensions within single lineages might result from the addition of minicolumns to preexisting columns.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Body Weights and Measures', 'Cell Count', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Neurons', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Synapses']
| 15,205,542
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100', 'E05.041.124', 'G07.100.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['D12.776.157.420.250'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cloning and characterization of a new polyketide synthase gene cluster in Streptomyces aureofaciens CCM 3239.
|
We cloned a new polyketide gene cluster, aur2, in Streptomyces aureofaciens CCM3239. Sequence analysis of the 9531-bp DNA fragment revealed 10 open reading frames, majority of which showed high similarity to the previously characterized type II polyketide synthase (PKS) genes. An unusual feature of the aur2 cluster is a disconnected organization of minimal PKS genes; ACP is located apart from the genes for ketosynthases KSalpha and KSbeta. The aur2 gene cluster was disrupted in S. aureofaciens CCM3239 by a homologous recombination, replacing the four genes (aur2A, E, F, G) including ketosynthase KSalpha, with antibiotic resistance marker gene. The disruption did not affect growth and differentiation, and disrupted strain produced spores with wild-type grey-pink pigmentation. The biochromatographic analysis of the culture extracts from S. aureofaciens wild type and aur2-disrupted strains did not reveal any difference in the pattern of antibacterial compounds.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Gene Components', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Physical Chromosome Mapping', 'Polyketide Synthases', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Streptomyces aureofaciens']
| 15,497,441
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['E05.393.183.620'], ['D08.811.464.257.275', 'D08.811.600.715'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768.125', 'B03.510.024.997.775.125', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768.125', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768.125']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Making the diagnosis of fungal infection: when to start treatment.
|
Fungal infections continue to cause major complications in cancer patients. With the increasing use of aggressive chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation causing profound, prolonged depressed immunity, the risk of invasive mycoses has increased. The prognosis of these infections is poor unless they are diagnosed and treated promptly. The management of opportunistic fungal infections is characterized by a series of unresolved problems, including initial difficulties in obtaining an early diagnosis. Clinical signs indicating a definite diagnosis of fungal infection is frequently absent in cancer patients. There are no distinctive symptoms and fever is the most common and, frequently, the only sign. In only a minority of cases, and usually after recovery from neutropenia, can some clinical features, such as pulmonary pseudomycetoma and hepatosplenic lesions, be suggestive of an invasive mycosis. Thus, laboratory procedures are necessary to reveal or confirm the diagnosis of invasive mycosis and establish disease etiology. Cultures are often negative and positive results need a careful evaluation to determine clinical importance. The significance of fungi isolated from mucosal surfaces and from the respiratory tract in diagnosing invasive mycoses is controversial. The problem in interpreting these microbiological data is the differentiation between fungal infection and colonization. Detection of fungal antigens by molecular methods appears to be promising, but the significance in various clinical settings is still under evaluation. In most cases, the diagnosis depends on a combination of clinical, microbiological, histological and serological results.
|
['Antibodies, Fungal', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Antigens, Fungal', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Tests', 'Mycoses', 'Neoplasms', 'Neutropenia', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Time Factors']
| 11,091,056
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.179', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.179', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.179'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['D23.050.202'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812', 'E05.200.812', 'E05.478.594'], ['C01.150.703'], ['C04'], ['C15.378.553.546.184.564'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunoglobulin (Gm) allotypes in a sample of Canadian Ashkenazic Jews.
|
Gm typing on the serum specimens of 507 Ashkenazic Jews (pre-dominantly of Polish-Russian ancestry) from Toronto, Canada has established the presence of haplotypes Gm3;5, Gm1;21, Gm1,2;21, and Gm1,17;5, and the absence of haplotypes Gm1;13,15,16, Gm1;5,6, and Gm1;5,6,24 which have been found in other Jewish peoples. It is suggested that Ashkenazic populations have lower frequencies of haplotype Gm1,17;5 than non-European Jewish populations, and that some eastern European Jewish populations have acquired the Gm1;13,15,16 haplotype through gene flow from Central Asia. Thus Jewish populations show differences in the Gm system; many of the differences may be in the direction of similarities to neighbouring non-Jewish populations.
|
['Canada', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Isoantigens', 'Jews', 'Poland', 'Russia (Pre-1917)']
| 637,117
|
[['Z01.107.567.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['D23.050.705'], ['M01.686.754.600'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['Z01.586.800']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Simulated physiological stretch-induced proliferation of human bladder smooth muscle cells is regulated by MMPs.
|
Mechanical stimulation is an essential factor for organisms to develop normally. In bladder development matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role through structure remodeling and regulating the cell proliferation. In this study, we investigated the simulated physiological stretch induced proliferation of HBSMCs; MMPs/TIMPs expression in stretch and non-stretch groups. HBSMCs were exposed to cyclic stretch with defined parameters (5%, 10% and 15% elongation). The expression of MMPs and TIMPs in each parameter and non-stretch groups was examined at the transcriptional and translational levels respectively. 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay was used to assess cell proliferation. In the presence of the broad spectrum MMPs inhibitor (Batimastat), cells proliferation, MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) expression were assessed again. Compared with non-stretch group, HBSMCs in stretch groups showed higher proliferation. The expression of MMP-1, 2, 3, 7 was up-regulated in stretch groups, and it remained at the same high level in 10% and 15% stretch groups. TIMP-1, 2 expression only increased under 15% stretch. Stretch resulted in elevated cell proliferation was abolished by Batimastat. In conclusion, the proliferation of HBSMCs induced by stretch was resulted from the stretch-induced MMPs expression and release.
|
['Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Collagenases', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Humans', 'Myocytes, Smooth Muscle', 'Phenylalanine', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Thiophenes', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2', 'Up-Regulation', 'Urinary Bladder']
| 25,263,962
|
[['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205'], ['G05.308.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.620.520'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903'], ['D12.776.645.875.450'], ['D12.776.645.875.500'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['A05.810.890']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Real-time Imaging of an Experimental Intracranial Aneurysm in Rats.
|
Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of a pre-existing intracranial aneurysm has quite a poor outcome in spite of intensive medical care. Hemodynamic stress loaded on intracranial arterial walls is considered as a trigger and a regulator of formation and progression of the disease, but how intracranial arterial walls or intracranial aneurysm walls behave under hemodynamic stress loading remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to visualize and analyze the wall motion of intracranial aneurysms to detect a pathological flow condition. We subjected a transgenic rat line, in which endothelial cells are specifically visualized by expression of a green fluorescent protein, to an intracranial aneurysm model and observed a real-time motion of intracranial arterial walls or intracranial aneurysm walls by a multiphoton laser confocal microscopy. The anterior cerebral artery-olfactory artery bifurcation was surgically exposed for the monitoring. First, we observed the proper flow-dependent physiological dilatation of a contralateral intracranial artery in response to increase of blood flow by one side of carotid ligation. Next, we observed intracranial aneurysm lesions induced in a rat model and confirmed that a wall motion of the dome was static, whereas that of the neck was more dynamic in response to pulsation of blood flow. We successfully monitored a real-time motion of intracranial aneurysm walls. Findings obtained from such a real-time imaging will provide us many insights especially about the correlation of mechanical force and the pathogenesis of the disease and greatly promote our understanding of the disease.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Intracranial Aneurysm', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Vasodilation']
| 30,555,120
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.600', 'C14.907.055.635', 'C14.907.253.560.300'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in human blood, serum and urine by on-line coupling of capillary isotachophoresis and zone electrophoresis.
|
The predominant circulating folate coenzyme in plasma/serum, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) was determined in human blood, serum and urine using a method based on the hyphenation of capillary ITP and zone electrophoresis. Measurements were done with a commercially available instrument for capillary isotachophoresis equipped with a column-switching system. The choice of electrolytes was limited by the instability of 5-MTHF and volatility of electrolytes for the potential coupling of the instrumentation with MS detector. To get an insight into the separability of individual sample components in an isotachophoretic analysis, we constructed zone existence diagrams for isotachophoretic electrolyte systems having a leading electrolyte composed of acetate and ammonium of pH 4.5 and 7.0, hydrocarbonate and ammonium, pH 7.8, chloride and ammonium, pH 5.6, and chloride and creatinine, pH 5.0, with hydroxide ion as the terminator. For isotachophoretic preseparation, the non-volatile leading electrolyte with good buffering capacity composed of 1 ? 10(-2) M HCl and 2.5 ? 10(-2) M creatinine, pH 5.0, and terminating electrolyte composed of 1 ? 10(-2) M MES was selected as the most suitable. The optimum BGE for CZE analysis from the standpoint of analyte stability, separability and volatility for MS coupling was 1 ? 10(-2) M acetate with 3.5 ? 10(-2) M ammonium, pH 4.5. Using this combination of electrolytes, LODs reached with optical detection at 220 nm were 1.6 ? 10(-7) M in human blood, 1.1 ? 10(-7) M in human serum and 4.7 ? 10(-6) M in human urine. Estimated content of 5-MTHF in blood and serum samples of women following oral daily administration of 0.8 mg of folic acid was 1.2 ? 10(-5) and 5.8 ? 10(-6) M, respectively.
|
['Drug Stability', 'Electrophoresis, Capillary', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isotachophoresis', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Tetrahydrofolates']
| 20,879,041
|
[['E05.916.330'], ['E05.196.401.190', 'E05.301.300.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.401.831', 'E05.301.300.831'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800', 'D08.211.840']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Repetitive high-pressure recruitment maneuvers required to maximally recruit lung in a sheep model of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of two different recruitment maneuvers repeated multiple times on gas exchange lung injury, hemodynamic, and lung mechanics.DESIGN: Randomized prospective comparison.SETTINGS: Animal research laboratory.SUBJECT: Nineteen fasted Hampshire sheep.INTERVENTIONS: In 15 27-kg sheep with saline lavage lung injury, we compared the effects of two recruitment maneuvers: 40 cm H2O continuous positive airway pressure for 60 secs and 40 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure with 20 cm H2O pressure control, rate 10 breaths/min, inspiratory to expiratory ratio 1:1 for 2 mins. Each recruitment maneuver was repeated four times, every 30 mins after a 30-sec ventilator disconnection. An additional group received no recruitment maneuvers. Animals were assigned randomly to the three groups and ventilated with 20 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure, pressure control 15 cm H2O, rate 20 breaths/min, inspiratory to expiratory ratio 1:1, and Fio2 1.0 between recruitment maneuver periods.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Significant and marked increases in Pao2 were observed in the pressure control recruitment maneuver group but only after the second recruitment maneuver. In both the control group and continuous positive airway pressure groups, Pao2 did not significantly increase after any recruitment maneuver compared with baseline injury. There was a significant decrease in cardiac output immediately after some continuous positive airway pressure recruitment maneuvers and a significant increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure in both continuous positive airway pressure and pressure control groups immediately after recruitment maneuvers, but these changes resolved within 10 mins. There were no marked histologic differences between groups and no volutrauma.CONCLUSION: In this model, maximal lung recruitment was obtained with 40 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure and 20 cm H2O pressure control applied repetitively every 30 mins for 2 mins without physiologic or histologic harm. Multiple recruitment maneuvers in some animals were required for maximum effect.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Hemodynamics', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Pulmonary Gas Exchange', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Sheep']
| 11,505,131
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['G09.330.380'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['E01.370.386.700.650', 'G03.143.775.602', 'G09.772.705.760.602'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Non-metric multidimensional scaling and human risks of heavy metal concentrations in wild marine organisms from the Maowei Sea, the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea.
|
We investigated heavy metal concentrations in wild marine organisms from Maowei Sea, a significant gulf of low-latitude developing regions of the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. Twenty species, comprising fish, cephalopods, and crustaceans were collected and analyzed for heavy metals. Heavy metal levels (mg/kg, wet weight) in the aquatic organism samples were: 0.003-1.800 for Cd, 0.02-0.14 for Pb, 0.10-0.63 for Cr, 0.20-77.50 for Cu, 9.50-64.60 for Zn, 0.006-0.066 for Hg, and 0.10-1.50 for As. Non-metric multidimensional scaling coupled with cluster analysis revealed two groupings that mainly resulted from different species of the metals in marine organisms. The highest concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg, and As were found in species of cephalopods. Health risk assessment based on the target hazard quotients (THQ) and total THQ indicated no significant adverse health effects from consumption of marine organisms.
|
['Animals', 'Cephalopoda', 'China', 'Crustacea', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Fishes', 'Food Contamination', 'Humans', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Seafood', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 29,571,006
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.116'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.500.131.365'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['G07.203.300.600.875', 'J02.500.600.875'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Chemical Strike against a Dominant-Inherited MUC1-Frameshifted Protein Associated with Progressive Kidney Disease.
|
In a recent paper by Dvela-Levitt et al., chemical screening using an immunofluorescent assay identified a compound that caused removal of a dominant-inherited misfolded secretory protein, mucin1-frameshifted, from an intracellular location in immortalized renal epithelial cells of a patient affected with progressive medullary cystic kidney disease. This illustrates the power of chemical screening at the cellular level to address specific proteinopathies and the utility of such compounds to illuminate novel cellular pathways that can clear toxic proteins.
|
['Animals', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Frameshifting, Ribosomal', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Diseases, Cystic', 'Mice', 'Mucin-1', 'Protein Folding', 'Unfolded Protein Response']
| 31,521,560
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['G02.111.660.871.200', 'G03.734.871.200', 'G05.308.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C12.777.419.403', 'C13.351.968.419.403'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.395.550.560', 'D12.776.395.560.631.115', 'D12.776.543.550.530', 'D23.050.285.050.300', 'D23.050.550.325.300', 'D23.101.140.075.300'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.962', 'G02.111.691.600.850', 'G03.734.871.790.600.850', 'G05.308.670.600.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of correct implant size in radial head arthroplasty to avoid overlengthening: surgical technique.
|
BACKGROUND: Insertion of a radial head implant that results in radial overlengthening has been associated with altered elbow kinematics, increased radiocapitellar joint forces, capitellar erosions, early-onset arthritis, and loss of elbow flexion. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical and radiographic features that may be used to diagnose overlengthening of the radius intraoperatively and on postoperative radiographs.METHODS: Radial head implants of varying thicknesses were inserted into seven cadaver specimens, which were then assessed clinically and radiographically. Eight stages were examined: the intact specimen (stage 1); repair of the lateral collateral ligament (stage 2); radial head resection with repair of the lateral collateral ligament (stage 3); insertion of an implant of the correct thickness (stage 4); and insertion of an implant that resulted in radial overlengthening of 2 mm (stage 5), 4 mm (stage 6), 6 mm (stage 7), or 8 mm (stage 8). The specimens were tested with and without muscle loading to simulate resting muscle tone and surgical paralysis, respectively. At each stage, radiographs were made to measure the ulnohumeral joint space and the lateral ulnohumeral joint was visually assessed.RESULTS: We identified no difference, with regard to medial ulnohumeral joint incongruity as seen radiographically, among stages 1 through 6 during the tests with muscle loading. A significant difference in medial ulnohumeral joint incongruity was found in stages 7 (p = 0.003) and 8 (p < 0.001). The clinical (visually assessed) lateral ulnohumeral joint space gap was negligible in stages 1 through 4 but increased significantly at all stages involving overlengthening (gross gap, 0.9 mm with 2 mm of erlengthening [p = 0.005], 2.3 mm with 4 mm of overlengthening [p < 0.001], 3.4 mm with 6 mm [p < 0.001], and 4.7 mm with 8 mm [p < 0.001]).CONCLUSIONS: Incongruity of the medial ulnohumeral joint becomes apparent radiographically only after overlengthening of the radius by ?6 mm. Intraoperative visualization of a gap in the lateral ulnohumeral joint is a reliable indicator of overlengthening following the insertion of a radial head prosthesis.
|
['Arthroplasty, Replacement', 'Elbow Joint', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fractures, Comminuted', 'Humans', 'Intra-Articular Fractures', 'Joint Prosthesis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Radius Fractures', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Risk Assessment', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,844,180
|
[['E04.555.110.110', 'E04.650.110', 'E04.680.101.110'], ['A02.835.583.290'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C26.404.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.404.505'], ['E07.695.400'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['C26.088.268.556', 'C26.404.562'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Water pipe smoking and health-related quality of life: a population-based study.
|
BACKGROUND: Water pipe smoking is increasing in Eastern Mediterranean Region. The objective of this study was to investigate any relationship between water pipe smoking and health-related quality of life in the general population of Bandar Abbas, Iran.METHODS: Using a multistage sampling method, a random sample of 1675 individuals aged 15 years and over was studied from June through July 2007. All eligible participants were interviewed using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire and a short questionnaire containing items regarding socio-demographic characteristics and water pipe smoking status. To compare SF-36 scores between water pipe smokers and nonsmokers, t-test was performed. In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influence of water pipe smoking on SF-36 scores after adjusting for other independent variables.RESULTS: In all, 1675 individuals were studied. The mean age of the respondents was 42.1 (SD=16.5) years. One hundred and seventy-two participants (10.4%) were water pipe smokers. There were statistically significant differences between water pipe smokers and nonsmokers on all scales except for role emotional (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that using water pipe was a risk factor for decreasing Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary scores [OR (95% CI): 2.15 (1.56-2.96), P<0.01; and OR (95% CI): 1.88 (1.36-2.60), P<0.01, respectively].CONCLUSION: The study findings indicated that people who smoked water pipe carried a higher risk for poorer health-related quality of life.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iran', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prevalence', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Distribution', 'Smoking', 'Young Adult']
| 19,400,599
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['F01.145.805'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Isolation and purification of bovine retina S-antigen].
|
Fresh bovine retinas were precipitated by ammonium sulfate, and further purified by the Sephadex G-200 column and the hydroxyapatite column. Through the SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis, a single band of protein with molecular weight of 50,000 daltons, isoelectric point at 5.4-5.7, was identified as S-antigen. The yield of S-antigen from crude retina extract was 0.18%, higher than ever been reported. Guinea pigs were injected at the hind footpad with 5-30 micrograms of purified S-antigen which had been emulsified with an equal amount of complete Freund's adjuvant. There are severe uveitis findings in both clinical and pathological examinations. An experimental autoimmune uveitis animal model was successfully established. These results showed that it is an effective and rapid method for purification of retinal S-antigen.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens', 'Arrestin', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Cattle', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Eye Proteins', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Molecular Weight', 'Retina', 'Uveitis']
| 3,816,363
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050'], ['D12.644.360.024.098.050', 'D12.776.157.057.005.050', 'D12.776.306.090.050', 'D12.776.476.024.104.050', 'D12.776.543.090.050', 'D23.050.301.280'], ['C20.111'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D12.776.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['G02.494'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.941.879']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association between dietary inflammatory index and prostate cancer among Italian men.
|
Previous studies have shown that various dietary components may be implicated in the aetiology of prostate cancer, although the results remain equivocal. The possible relationship of inflammation derived from dietary exposures with prostate cancer risk has not been investigated. We examined the ability of a newly developed dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict prostate cancer risk in a case-control study conducted in Italy between 1991 and 2002. A total of 1294 patients aged < 75 years with incident, histologically confirmed carcinoma of the prostate served as cases. A total of 1451 subjects aged < 75 years who were admitted to the same hospitals as cases for a wide spectrum of acute, non-neoplastic conditions served as controls. The DII was computed based on dietary intake assessed using a previously validated seventy-eight-item FFQ. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable OR adjusted for age, study centre, years of education, social class, BMI, smoking status, family history of prostate cancer and total energy intake. Men with higher DII scores had a higher risk of prostate cancer when analysed using the DII as both continuous (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00, 1.13) and categorical, i.e., compared with men in the lowest quartile of the DII, men in the third and fourth quartiles were at elevated risk (OR(Quartile 3 v. 1) 1.32, 95% CI 1.03, 1.69 and OR(Quartile 4 v. 1) 1.33, 95% CI 1.01, 1.76; P trend= 0.04). These data suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by the increasing DII score, is a risk factor of prostate cancer in Italian men.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diet', 'Hospitals, General', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Surveillance', 'Incidence', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutrition Policy', 'Patient Compliance', 'Prostate', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Prostatitis', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Report']
| 25,400,225
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['N02.278.421.389'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400.412', 'G12.525'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.655.500.608.400.650', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400.650', 'N03.623.500.608.428.650'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['C12.294.565.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dopamine receptor subtype density as a function of age in Aplysia californica.
|
The age-associated changes in dopamine subtype receptors were examined in Aplysia californica. The density of the subtype receptors D1, D2, D3 and D4 was examined in the ganglia from 4.5-, 6-, 8-, 9- and 12-month animals. Receptor analysis was performed by examining the binding of radiolabeled ligands to the individual subtypes. [3H]SCH23390 and [3H]Clozapine were used to analyze D1 and D4 specific binding. [3H]Quinpirole was used for determining D2 and D3 specific binding. Specific binding was found to be present for all four receptor subtypes. All receptor subtypes showed an increase in density from 4.5 to 6 months. From 6 to 8 months D2 and D3 decreased, while D1 and D4 increased. D4 showed the strongest increase. All four subtypes examined showed decreases from 8 to 12 months. ANOVA results indicated age was a significant factor in the subtype receptor density for all receptor types.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aging', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Aplysia', 'Ganglia', 'Protein Binding', 'Radioligand Assay', 'Receptors, Dopamine', 'Time Factors']
| 11,691,623
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.060'], ['A08.340'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['E01.370.225.985', 'E01.370.374.650', 'E01.370.384.720', 'E05.200.985'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Microembolization and myonecrosis during elective percutaneous coronary interventions in diabetic patients: an intracoronary Doppler ultrasound study with 2-year clinical follow-up.
|
Elevation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a well-known complication after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The aims of this study were to quantify the extent of coronary microembolization during elective PCI, to identify predisposing anatomical and procedural factors, and to evaluate its impact on long-term outcome in diabetic patients with a high cardiovascular risk. 48 patients (pts, median 66.7 years) with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease underwent elective PCI with stenting to treat single-vessel lesions. Real-time microembolization during PCI ("HITS") was detected by an intracoronary Doppler guide wire. Peak levels of cTnI were measured within 24 h after PCI. Pts were followed for 2 years to record major cardiac events (MACE: death, myocardial infarction, revascularization of target and non-target vessels). In 47 patients microemboli were detected during PCI. Nineteen patients showed pathologic cTnI elevation (0.13-28.9, median 0.39 ìg/l). The amount of HITS correlated with cTnI levels (r = 0.43, p = 0.003), but not with other clinical or angiographic data. Within 2 years MACE were detected in 9 patients, who had significantly more microemboli (15.4 ± 11.8 vs. 28.2 ± 16.0 HITS; p = 0.009, OR 1.07; 95 % CI 1.011-1.13) during PCI. HITS >23, but not cTnI elevation, predicted later MACE (ROC analysis, p = 0.025). A high amount of microembolization during elective PCI in diabetic patients appears to be an indicator of greater atherosclerotic burden and accelerated coronary artery disease progression, associated with acute biomarker elevation and adverse long-term outcomes.
|
['Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Elective Surgical Procedures', 'Embolism', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardium', 'Necrosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Troponin I', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler']
| 22,850,870
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['E04.249'], ['C14.907.355.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['C23.550.717'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D05.500.945.925', 'D05.750.078.730.825.925', 'D12.776.210.500.910.925', 'D12.776.220.525.825.925'], ['E01.370.350.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Biochemical and cytogenetical characterization of Chinese hamster ovary X-ray-sensitive mutant cells xrs 5 and xrs 6. VI. The correlation between UV-induced DNA lesions and chromosomal aberrations, and their modulations with inhibitors of DNA repair synthesis.
|
The role of UV-induced DNA lesions and their repair in the formation of chromosomal aberrations in the xrs mutant cell lines xrs 5 and xrs 6 and their wild-type counterpart, CHO-K1 cells, were studied. The extent of induction of DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) due to UV irradiation in the presence or absence of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) and hydroxyurea (HU) was determined using the alkaline and neutral elution methods. Results of these experiments were compared with the frequencies of induced chromosomal aberrations in UV-irradiated G1 cells treated under similar conditions. Xrs 6 cells showed a defect in their ability to perform the incision step of nucleotide repair after UV irradiation. Accumulation of breaks 2 h after UV irradiation in xrs 6 cells in the presence of HU and ara-C remained at the level of incision breaks estimated after 20 min, which was about 35% of that found in wild-type CHO-K1 cells. In UV-irradiated CHO-K1 and xrs 5 cells, more incision breaks were present after 2 h compared with 20 min post-treatment with ara-C, a further increase was evident when HU was added to the combined treatment. The level of incision breaks induced under these conditions in xrs 5 was about 80% of that observed in CHO-K1 cells. UV irradiation itself did not induce any detectable DNA strand breaks. Accumulation of SSBs in UV-irradiated cells post-treated with ara-C and HU coincides with the increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. These data suggest that accumulated SSBs when converted to DSBs in G1 give rise to chromosome-type aberrations, whereas strand breaks persisting until S-phase result in chromatid-type aberrations. Xrs 6 appeared to be the first ionizing-radiation-sensitive mutant with a partial defect in the incision step of DNA repair of UV-induced damage.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Cytarabine', 'DNA', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Hydroxyurea', 'Mutation', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'X-Rays']
| 2,308,589
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.453', 'D13.570.065.300', 'D13.570.685.245.453'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D02.065.950.395'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Interlaboratory comparison of antisera and immunoassays for benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide-I-modified DNA.
|
An interlaboratory comparison of immunoassays using antisera elicited against benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide-modified DNA (BPDE-I-DNA) was carried out resulting in standardization of antisera, competitors and assay conditions. The assays used included competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) with color and fluorescence endpoint detection and an ultrasensitive enzyme radioimmunoassay (USERIA) with a radioactive endpoint. Three different antisera were compared, two of which were obtained from different rabbits immunized with the same BPDE-I-DNA and a third from an animal immunized with another BPDE-I-DNA sample. Samples of standardized BPDE-I-DNA with high (36 pmol adduct/microgram DNA; 1.2 adducts/10(2) nucleotides) and low (4.5 fmol/microgram DNA; 1.5 adducts/10(6) nucleotides) modification levels were prepared and used in each laboratory. The antisera were all elicited against DNAs modified to a high extent, and it was therefore not surprising that they detected adducts in a slightly modified DNA sample with lower efficiency than those in highly modified DNA samples. The discrepancy of antibody recognition between the highly and slightly modified samples varied between 1.4- and 11.2-fold depending on the antiserum and assay. To ascertain the quantitative capability of the immunoassays, the modification level of DNA isolated from mouse keratinocytes treated with [3H]benzo[a]pyrene was determined by radioactivity and immunoassay. These results indicated that when a biological sample is assayed against a BPDE-I-DNA standard modified in the same range as the biological samples (4.5 fmol/microgram), quantitative recovery of adducts is achieved by immunoassay. These studies resulted in the realization that interlaboratory differences in immunoassay procedure can have significant consequences for data comparison and that where possible it is preferable for laboratories to use the same antisera and modified DNA standards.
|
['7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide', 'Animals', 'Antibody Specificity', 'DNA', 'DNA Adducts', 'DNA Damage', 'Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes', 'Immunoassay', 'Mice', 'Skin']
| 3,133,129
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.799.306.400.350', 'D04.615.799.306.400.350'], ['B01.050'], ['G12.100'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.135', 'G05.200.104'], ['G05.200'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.799.306.400', 'D04.615.799.306.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nature and incidence of bubbles in the spinal cord of decompressed goats.
|
The nature of so-called autochthonous bubbles was investigated. Their presence in compressed/decompressed goats was compared with that in animals killed before decompression and in controls. Ten goats (group 1) were subjected to compression/decompression in air. Clinical signs of spinal decompression sickness usually occurred. Within 35 min of surfacing, the animals were given a lethal dose of thiopentone sodium, i.v.. Spinal cords were fixed by immersion in 10% formol saline. Histologically autochthonous bubbles appeared to arise from rupture of over-distended blood vessels. The incidence of grossly dilated empty vessels (GDEV) was recorded. Seven goats (group 2) were similarly compressed but killed before decompression. In five animals of group 1 there was a greater number of GDEV than in controls (group 3, seven animals) but in the other five animals the incidence was similar to the controls. The incidence of GDEV in group 2 was greater than in the controls (P < 0.05). The percentage of sections of spinal cord in which the meninges also contained GDEV was assessed. In all except two animals in group 1, the percentage was higher than in the controls, whereas in group 2 the percentage was higher than in the controls. The experiments show that autochthonous bubbles arise as an artifact and that intravascular bubbles arise in situ.
|
['Animals', 'Connective Tissue', 'Decompression', 'Decompression Sickness', 'Dilatation, Pathologic', 'Female', 'Goats', 'Male', 'Paralysis', 'Spinal Cord', 'Spinal Cord Diseases', 'Vascular Diseases']
| 9,308,143
|
[['B01.050'], ['A10.165'], ['E02.278', 'G01.374.715.250'], ['C26.120.248'], ['C23.300.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['C10.597.622', 'C23.888.592.636'], ['A08.186.854'], ['C10.228.854'], ['C14.907']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative studies of sulphate conjugation by isolated rat liver cells using [35S]sulphate.
|
We have developed a simple, rapid and sensitive method for the study of sulphate conjugation in isolated liver cells based on the incorporation of 35S from [35S]sulphate. Excess [35S]sulphate is removed by a barium precipitation procedure, leaving [35S]sulphate conjugates in solution. We have used this method to examine the kinetics of sulphation of N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (acetaminophen), 4-nitrophenol and 1-naphthol in isolated rat liver cells. The efficiency of recovery of the sulphate conjugates was greater than 86%. The method is applicable to the quantitative study of sulphate conjugation of any substrate which forms a sulphate conjugate that is soluble in the presence of barium, without the need for standards or radiolabelled sulphate acceptors.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Animals', 'Barium', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Glucuronates', 'Kinetics', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Naphthols', 'Nitrophenols', 'Rats', 'Sulfates', 'Sulfur Radioisotopes']
| 2,069,597
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.050', 'D01.268.556.062', 'D01.552.539.124', 'D01.552.544.062'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162', 'D02.241.152.811.162', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162', 'D09.811.922.162'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.638', 'D04.615.638.638'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566', 'D02.640.743'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850'], ['D01.268.185.900.500.690', 'D01.496.749.858', 'D01.496.868.690']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adrenocortical pregnenolone-binding protein: identification and antibody development.
|
Pregnenolone-binding activity isolated from the cytosol of the guinea pig adrenal cortex appears to correspond to a Mr 34,000 protein when examined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis during different stages of purification. To verify this finding the Mr 34,000 protein band was eluted from the SDS gel and used to generate a polyclonal antibody. Immobilized anti 34,000 IgG on protein A-Sepharose was found to extract pregnenolone-binding activity from solution in contrast to pre-immune IgG and an antibody raised against a Mr 30,000 protein isolated simultaneously. In addition, protein eluted from the protein A-anti 34,000 IgG complex exhibited the expected molecular weight of 34,000 when examined on an SDS gel. These results, thus, confirm that the pregnenolone-binding protein is indeed a protein of Mr 34,000.
|
['Adrenal Cortex', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Antigens', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Chromatography', 'Cytosol', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Immunoassay', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Male', 'Molecular Weight', 'Pregnenolone']
| 3,337,724
|
[['A06.300.071.140'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D23.050'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E05.196.181'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['G02.494'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.725', 'D06.472.040.585.745', 'D06.472.334.851.687.500']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intracellular pH modulates quinary structure.
|
NMR spectroscopy can provide information about proteins in living cells. pH is an important characteristic of the intracellular environment because it modulates key protein properties such as net charge and stability. Here, we show that pH modulates quinary interactions, the weak, ubiquitous interactions between proteins and other cellular macromolecules. We use the K10H variant of the B domain of protein G (GB1, 6.2 kDa) as a pH reporter in Escherichia coli cells. By controlling the intracellular pH, we show that quinary interactions influence the quality of in-cell (15) N-(1) H HSQC NMR spectra. At low pH, the quality is degraded because the increase in attractive interactions between E. coli proteins and GB1 slows GB1 tumbling and broadens its crosspeaks. The results demonstrate the importance of quinary interactions for furthering our understanding of protein chemistry in living cells.
|
['Amides', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Intracellular Space', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Protein Stability', 'Protons']
| 26,257,390
|
[['D02.065'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G02.300'], ['A10.082.750', 'A11.284.430'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['G02.111.700'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isotropic Versus Bipolar Functionalized Biomimetic Artificial Basement Membranes and Their Evaluation in Long-Term Human Cell Co-Culture.
|
In addition to dividing tissues into compartments, basement membranes are crucial as cell substrates and to regulate cellular behavior. The development of artificial basement membranes is indispensable for the ultimate formation of functional engineered tissues; however, pose a challenge due to their complex structure. Herein, biodegradable electrospun polyester meshes are presented, exhibiting isotropic or bipolar bioactivation as a biomimetic and biofunctional model of the natural basement membrane. In a one-step preparation process, reactive star-shaped prepolymer additives, which generate a hydrophilic fiber surface, are electrospun with cell-adhesion-mediating peptides, derived from major components of the basement membrane. Human skin cells adhere to the functionalized meshes, and long-term co-culture experiments confirm that the artificial basement membranes recapitulate and preserve tissue specific functions. Several layers of immortalized human keratinocytes grow on the membranes, differentiating toward the surface and expressing typical epithelial markers. Fibroblasts migrate into the reticular lamina mimicking part of the mesh. Both cells types begin to produce extracellular matrix proteins and to remodel the initial membrane. It is shown at the example of skin that the artificial basement membrane design provokes biomimetic responses of different cell types and can thus be used as basis for the future development of basement membrane containing tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Basement Membrane', 'Biomimetic Materials', 'Cattle', 'Cell Line', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Keratinocytes', 'Male']
| 27,283,510
|
[['B01.050'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['J01.637.087'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficient real-time confocal microscopy with white light sources.
|
The main advantage of confocal microscopes over their conventional counterparts arises from their ability to optically 'section' nearly transparent materials; the thin image slices thus obtained can be used to reconstruct three-dimensional images, a capability which is particularly useful for the study of biological specimens. Confocal microscopes have previously used either a single laser-illuminated point-source and single point-detector (which are scanned in tandem across the object) or white-light illumination with multiple point-sources and detectors. Single-point-source systems, however, do not usually form images in real time and are restricted to using available laser wavelengths. Multiple-point-source systems, on the other hand, produce images in real time but use light very inefficiently--typically 1% or less is used for imaging. Here we demonstrate a white-light, multiple-point-source method which can in principle produce images in real time with light efficiencies as high as 50%. This system is likely to find broad practical application, particularly in the imaging of weakly reflecting or weakly fluorescent specimens.
|
['Animals', 'Light', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Osteoclasts', 'Thalamus', 'Whales']
| 8,893,003
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['A11.329.372.700', 'A11.627.482.700'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.865']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ex vivo lung perfusion and extracorporeal life support in lung transplantation.
|
Normothermic ex vivo lung perfusion and extracorporeal life support have re-invigorated lung transplantation.
|
['Donor Selection', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Perfusion']
| 22,172,352
|
[['E04.936.537.500', 'N02.421.911.600'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['E05.680']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Drought and Recovery: Independently Regulated Processes Highlighting the Importance of Protein Turnover Dynamics and Translational Regulation in Medicago truncatula.
|
Climate change in conjunction with population growth necessitates a systems biology approach to characterize plant drought acclimation as well as a more thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms of stress recovery. Plants are exposed to a continuously changing environment. Extremes such as several weeks of drought are followed by rain. This requires a molecular plasticity of the plant enabling drought acclimation and the necessity of deacclimation processes for recovery and continuous growth.During drought stress and subsequent recovery, the metabolome and proteome are regulated through a sequence of molecular processes including synthesis and degradation and molecular interaction networks are part of this regulatory process. In order to study this complex regulatory network, a comprehensive analysis is presented for the first time, investigating protein turnover and regulatory classes of proteins and metabolites during a stress recovery scenario in the model legume Medicago truncatula The data give novel insights into the molecular capacity and differential processes required for acclimation and deacclimation of severe drought stressed plants.Functional cluster and network analyses unraveled independent regulatory mechanisms for stress and recovery with different dynamic phases that during the course of recovery define the plants deacclimation from stress. The combination of relative abundance levels and turnover analysis revealed an early transition phase that seems key for recovery initiation through water resupply and is independent from renutrition. Thus, a first indication for a metabolite and protein-based load capacity was observed necessary for the recovery from drought, an important but thus far ignored possible feature toward tolerance. The data indicate that apart from the plants molecular stress response mechanisms, plasticity may be related to the nutritional status of the plant prior to stress initiation. A new perspective and possible new targets as well as metabolic mechanisms for future plant-bioengineering toward enhanced drought stress tolerance are presented.
|
['Chromatography, Liquid', 'Droughts', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Medicago truncatula', 'Metabolomics', 'Plant Proteins', 'Proteomics', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Systems Biology', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 27,001,437
|
[['E05.196.181.400'], ['G16.500.175.781', 'G16.500.750.775.154', 'N06.230.100.230.150'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.590.750'], ['H01.158.201.586', 'H01.158.273.180.599', 'H01.181.122.638'], ['D12.776.765'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['G07.775'], ['H01.158.273.180.800'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Correlation between inducible nitric oxide synthase and p53 expression for DMBA-induced hamster buccal-pouch carcinomas.
|
UNLABELLED: Three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) have been identified previously--endothelial NOS, neuronal NOS, and inducible NOS (iNOS). It has been reported previously that there may be a negative feedback loop existing between nitric oxide (NO) production and wild-type p53 tumor-suppressor gene, but the relationship has not previously been studied for oral experimental carcinogenesis. The purpose of the present study is to assess whether iNOS expression correlates with p53 expression at both protein and mRNA levels for 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal-pouch carcinomas.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five out-bred, young (6 week old), male, Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricatus auratus) were randomly divided into one experimental group (15 animals), and two control groups (10 animals each). Bilaterally, the pouches of a group of 15 animals from the experimental group were painted with a 0.5% DMBA solution three times a week for 12 weeks whilst each animal from one of the control groups was similarly treated with only mineral oil. Another control group of 10 animals remained untreated throughout the experimental procedure. Specimens obtained from the hamster buccal-pouch mucosa were evaluated using immunohistochemical assessment of iNOS and p53 protein and in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IS RT-PCR), as well as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for iNOS and p53 mRNA.RESULTS: Two of the 15 animals of the DMBA-treated group died during the experiment. Squamous-cell carcinomas with a 100% tumor incidence were apparent for all of the 15-week DMBA pouch-treated animals. Animals from the mineral oil-treated and untreated pouch groups revealed no obvious changes. Inducible NOS mRNA was identified as a band corresponding to a 499-bp PCR product and was observed for all 13 of the hamster buccal-pouch tissue specimens treated with DMBA for 15 weeks. The p53 mRNA was found as a band corresponding to a 370-bp polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product and was noted for nine (9/13, 69%) of the 15-week DMBA-treated pouches. No such bands (iNOS and p53) were noted for the untreated animals, the mineral oil-treated tissues and the negative-control samples. Using IS RT-PCR, the proportional (percentage) expression of iNOS (13/13, 100%) and p53 (8/13, 62%) mRNA observed for the hamster buccal-pouch tissue specimens treated with DMBA for 15 weeks was noted to be consistent with the findings using RT-PCR. Furthermore, the proportional expression of iNOS (13/13, 100%) and p53 (8/13, 62%) proteins for the 15-week DMBA-treated hamster buccal-pouch tissue specimens was noted to be consistent with the findings using RT-PCR and IS RT-PCR. A significant association between iNOS and p53 expression (at both protein and mRNA levels) was noted (Fisher's exact probability test, P < 0.05). Neither iNOS nor p53 activity (at both protein and mRNA levels) was found for any of the untreated and mineral oil-treated pouches.CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced expression of iNOS and p53 at both protein and mRNA levels in DMBA-induced hamster buccal-pouch carcinomas compared with the untreated and mineral oil-treated counterparts, has been demonstrated in the current study. Furthermore, we report what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first identification of a significant association between iNOS and p53 expression (at both protein and mRNA levels) in this experimental model system for oral carcinogenesis, although their precise interactions remain to be clarified.
|
['9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene', 'Animals', 'Carcinogens', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cheek', 'Cricetinae', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genes, p53', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Mesocricetus', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Random Allocation', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 14,628,889
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.149.301', 'D04.615.149.301'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['A01.456.505.173', 'A14.194'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.385', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.385'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency among HIV-infected and uninfected injection drug users.
|
INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent and is associated with bone disease, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and malignancy. Injection drug users (IDUs), with or without HIV infection, are at risk for these conditions; however, limited data on vitamin D deficiency exist in this population. We determined the prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency among urban IDUs in the AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) Study cohort.METHODS: For this cross-sectional sub-study, vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25(OH)-vitamin D level <20 ng/mL. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with vitamin D deficiency.RESULTS: Of 950 individuals analyzed, 29% were HIV-infected. The median age was 49 years; 65% were male, and 91% were black. The median vitamin D level was 13.5 ng/mL (IQR, 9.0-20.3); 74% were deficient (68% in HIV-infected vs. 76% in HIV-uninfected, p = 0.01). Non-black race, fall/winter season, multivitamin intake, higher serum albumin, HCV seropositivity and HIV-infection were associated with significantly lower odds of vitamin D deficiency.CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among IDUs. Notably, HIV-infected IDUs were less likely to be vitamin D deficient. Higher vitamin D levels were associated with multivitamin intake and with higher albumin levels, suggesting that nutritional status contributes substantially to deficiency. The association between HCV serostatus and vitamin D level remains unclear. Further investigation is needed to define the clinical implications of the heavy burden of vitamin D deficiency in this high-risk, aging population with significant co-morbidities.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Drug Users', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Risk Factors', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 24,756,000
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['M01.169'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpesvirus simiae (B virus) in clinical specimens.
|
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was designed which is specific to Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey) isolates of B virus. The PCR primers produced the expected 188 basepair product from the Cyno 2 strain and seven other cynomolgus monkey isolates of B virus. Oligomer hybridization with a 31-mer oligonucleotide was used to confirm the origin of this product. The PCR failed to amplify DNA of Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, and other alphaherpesviruses (herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, four SA 8 isolates and three rhesus isolates of B virus). PCR testing of swabs obtained from four orally-infected cynomolgus monkeys confirmed the presence of B virus DNA in samples previously shown to be positive by culture. In addition, PCR detected B virus in several swabs from infected monkeys that were culture negative. Total DNA extracts from the trigeminal and sacral ganglia of these animals were tested by nested PCR and B virus DNA was detected in the trigeminal ganglia of 3 of the 4 orally-infected cynomolgus monkeys. Nested PCR did not detect B virus DNA in total DNA extracts obtained from the brains of the four monkeys.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Brain', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'DNA, Viral', 'Female', 'Ganglia, Spinal', 'Herpesviridae Infections', 'Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mouth', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Trigeminal Ganglion', 'Vagina', 'Vero Cells']
| 8,392,323
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['A08.340.390.340', 'A08.800.350.340', 'A08.800.800.720.725.350'], ['C01.925.256.466'], ['B04.280.382.100.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['A08.340.390.850', 'A08.800.350.850', 'A08.800.800.120.760.825'], ['A05.360.319.779'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Problematic eating behaviors and attitudes predict long-term incident metabolic syndrome and diabetes: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.
|
BACKGROUND: Problematic relationship to eating and food (PREF) captures a broad range of unhealthy eating behaviors. We previously reported that higher BMI is associated with PREF and graded by the number of PREF endorsed. In this study, we prospectively examined the association between PREF and metabolic syndrome and diabetes.METHOD: Eight PREF behaviors were assessed and summed to form the PREF score in 3800 black and white adults (age 27-41 years) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Diagnoses of incident metabolic syndrome and diabetes were made through 15 years of follow-up. Logistic regression estimated the association with metabolic syndrome. Proportional hazards regression estimated the association with diabetes.RESULTS: The odds ratio of metabolic syndrome was 1.25 per PREF point through 5 years of follow-up (95% CI: 1.17-1.34) and 1.17 per point from 5 to 10 years of follow-up (95% CI: 1.08-1.27). Hazard of diabetes was 1.20 per PREF point through 15 years of follow-up (95% CI: 1.12-1.28). Both associations attenuated after adjustment for BMI.DISCUSSION: Among participants with PREF, higher scores associate with metabolic syndrome and diabetes, with partial attenuation after adjustment for BMI. Early identification of PREF in middle-aged adults may reduce the burden of metabolic health outcomes.
|
['Adult', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Risk Factors']
| 30,636,022
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F03.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Localizations Are Important for the Hypersensitive Response Conferred by Maize Autoactive Rp1-D21 Protein.
|
Disease resistance (R) genes have been isolated from many plant species. Most encode nucleotide binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins that trigger a rapid localized programmed cell death called the hypersensitive response (HR) upon pathogen recognition. Despite their structural similarities, different NLR are distributed in a range of subcellular locations, and analogous domains play diverse functional roles. The autoactive maize NLR gene Rp1-D21 derives from an intragenic recombination between two NLR genes, Rp1-D and Rp1-dp2, and confers a HR independent of the presence of a pathogen. Rp1-D21 and its N-terminal coiled coil (CC) domain (CCD21) confer autoactive HR when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Rp1-D21 was predominantly localized in cytoplasm with a small amount in the nucleus, while CCD21 was localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Targeting of Rp1-D21 or CCD21 predominantly to either the nucleus or the cytoplasm abolished HR-inducing activity. Coexpression of Rp1-D21 or CCD21 constructs confined, respectively, to the nucleus and cytoplasm did not rescue full activity, suggesting nucleocytoplasmic movement was important for HR induction. This work emphasizes the diverse structural and subcellular localization requirements for activity found among plant NLR R genes.
|
['Cell Nucleus', 'Cytoplasm', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Plant Proteins', 'Protein Transport', 'Zea mays']
| 26,039,083
|
[['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G03.143.700'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunohistochemical visualization of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes in ovarian tumors.
|
Epithelial ovarian cancer represents one of the most deadly gynaecological neoplasms in developed countries and is a highly heterogeneous disease. Epidemiological studies show that anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the incidence and mortality of several types of cancer, indicating the potential role of pro-inflammatory factors in carcinogenesis. The expression of pro-inflammatory factors in various cancer types, including ovarian cancer, was assessed in many studies, yielding in consistent results, often due to the histological heterogeneity of various cancers. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of IL-1, IL-6, TGF-â, TNF-á, COX-2, iNOS, and NF-kB in serous and mucinous ovarian cancers. Ninety cases of ovarian tumors classified into mucous and serous type (45 patients in each group) were selected. Each group was classified into subgroups according to the three stages of tumor differentiation, i.e. into (i) benign, (ii) borderline and (iii) malignant tumors. The presence of proteins of interest in paraffin sections was analysed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of most of the studied factors depended on the histological tumor subtype and the degree of malignancy. Expression of NF-êB appears to be related to the level of the neoplastic differentiation only in the group of serous tumors, while the presence of IL-6 in the mucinous tumor subtype was observed only in the case of benign lesions. Expression of IL-1, TNF-á and COX-2 increased with the stage of the disease in both serous and mucinous tumors. The highest level of TGF-â expression was observed in serous borderline tumors. The different levels of iNOS immunoreactivity between the groups of serous and mucinous tumors were observed only in borderline tumors. The results of our study may be helpful in designing therapeutic strategies depending on the type of ovarian cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Carcinoma', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Middle Aged', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'Ovarian Neoplasms']
| 25,007,180
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Analysis of several fluorescent detector molecules for protein microarray use.
|
The utility of several streptavidin-linked fluorescent detector molecules was evaluated on two protein microarray platforms. Tested detector molecules included: Alexa Fluor 546; R-phycoerythrin (RPE), orange fluospheres; Cy3-containing liposomes (Large Unilamellar Vesicles, LUV) labelled with Cy3; and an RPE-antibody complex. The two array architectures tested consisted of an array of murine Fc-biotin and an array of murine IgG (the murine IgG array was probed with a biotinylated rabbit anti-murine IgG). These platforms allowed for the direct comparison of detector utility by detector recognition of array-bound biotin. All of the fluorescent detectors examined demonstrated utility on each of the array platforms. For the Fc-biotin array, detector signal intensity (background adjusted) was as follows: RPE-antibody complex > fluospheres > RPE > liposomes > Alexa 546: for the IgG array: RPE/antibody complex > RPE > fluospheres > Alexa546 > liposomes. The RPE-antibody complex fluoresced 67% and 150% more intensely than the next closest detector molecule for the Fc-biotin and the murine IgG arrays, respectively. A marked increase in background fluorescence (as compared to RPE alone) did not accompany the increase in signal intensity gained through RPE-antibody complex use (a true increase in signal:noise ratio). These results suggest that the RPE-antibody complex is superior to other molecules for fluorescent detection of analytes on protein microarrays.
|
['Animals', 'Biotin', 'Carbocyanines', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Liposomes', 'Mice', 'Phycoerythrin', 'Protein Array Analysis', 'Rabbits', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 12,536,376
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['D02.455.326.397.300'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.500.562.488.490.500.500.777', 'D08.811.600.710.490.500.500.777', 'D12.776.765.665', 'D23.767.705'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Abnormal drug metabolism in chronic pancreatitis. Treatment with antioxidants.
|
Functional and morphological changes in hepatocytes, indicating induction of the drug metabolizing enzymes and free radical-mediated damage, were found in 4 patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. The possibility that reflux of abnormal bile (rich in lipid peroxidation and other products generated through hepatic metabolism of xenobiotics) into the pancreatic duct may initiate pancreatic damage was negated when bile duct ligation and bile diversion did not abolish attacks of pancreatitis in 3 cases, although the evidence of reflux was indisputable in 1 of them who also had a pancreatoduodenectomy. Pancreatic acinar cells from that patient showed extensive microvesiculation, as did hepatocytes from each case. These observations suggest that pancreatic and liver damage in chronic pancreatitis proceed independently but by the same mechanism-heightened, but unmitigated, oxidative detoxification of xenobiotics by cytochromes P450. Therefore, although bile reflux is not a prerequisite, it could compound injury in the head of the gland. Antioxidants were prescribed to the 3 cases mentioned and, from the outset, to a fourth patient who showed the same liver changes. This unconventional approach has held attacks at bay during a follow-up period of 5 yr.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antioxidants', 'Biopsy', 'Chronic Disease', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatectomy', 'Pancreatitis', 'Selenium', 'Tablets']
| 2,298,375
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.186'], ['E02.319.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['E04.210.752'], ['C06.689.750'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['D26.255.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
beta-Adrenoreceptor-blocking agents and the blood-brain barrier.
|
1. Sixteen neurosurgical patients received (oral) beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking agents (beta-receptor blockers) for 3-22 days. 2. Lipophilic beta-receptor blockers (propranolol) and metoprolol appeared in cerebrospinal fluid at concentrations similar to the free drug plasma concentration. 3. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of beta-receptor blockers were poor predictors of brain concentrations. 4. Both lipophilic beta-receptor blockers appeared in high concentrations in the brain: the brain/plasma ratio was approximately 15:1. 5. Hydrophilic atenolol appeared at low concentrations in brain tissue (about 20 times lower than the lipophilic beta-receptor blockers): the brain/plasma ratio was approximately 0.1:1. 6. Central nervous system-related side effects associated mainly with lipophilic beta-receptor blockers possibly result from high brain tissue concentrations.
|
['Atenolol', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Metoprolol', 'Propanolamines', 'Propranolol']
| 7,449,299
|
[['D02.033.100.624.698.070', 'D02.033.755.624.698.070', 'D02.092.063.624.698.070'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.573', 'D02.033.755.624.698.573', 'D02.092.063.624.698.573'], ['D02.033.100.624', 'D02.033.755.624', 'D02.092.063.624'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of external helmet accessories on biomechanical measures of head injury risk: An ATD study using the HYBRIDIII headform.
|
Competitive cycling is a popular activity in North America for which injuries to the head account for the majority of hospitalizations and fatalities. In cycling, use of helmet accessories (e.g. cameras) has become widespread. As a consequence, standards organizations and the popular media are discussing the role these accessories could play in altering helmet efficacy and head injury risk. We conducted impacts to a helmeted anthropomorphic headform, with and without camera accessories, at speeds of 4m/s and 6m/s, and measured head accelerations, forces on the head-form skull, and used the Simulated Injury Monitor to estimate brain tissue strain. The presence of the camera reduced peak linear head acceleration (51% - 4m/s impacts, 61% - 6m/s, p<0.05). Skull fracture risk based on kinematics was always less than 1%. For 4m/s impacts, peak angular accelerations were lower (47%, p<0.05), as were peak angular velocities (14%) with the velocity effect approaching significance (p=0.06), with the camera accessory. For 6m/s impacts, accelerations were on average higher (5%, p>0.05) as were velocities (77%, p<0.05). Skull forces were never greater than 443.2N, well below forces associated with fracture. Brain tissue strain, the cumulative strain damage measure at 25% (CSDM-25), was lower (56%, p<0.05) in 4m/s but higher (125%, p>0.05) in 6m/s impacts with the camera accessory. Based on CSDM-25 for 4m/s tests, the risk of severe concussion was reduced (p<0.05) from 25% (no camera) to 7% (camera). For 6m/s tests, risks were on average increased (p>0.05) from 18% (no camera) to 58% (camera).
|
['Acceleration', 'Bicycling', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Brain Concussion', 'Craniocerebral Trauma', 'Head', 'Head Protective Devices', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Photography', 'Risk']
| 26,477,409
|
[['G01.482.107'], ['I03.450.642.845.140'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C10.228.140.199.444.250', 'C10.900.300.087.235.250', 'C10.900.300.350.300', 'C26.915.300.200.194.250', 'C26.915.300.450.500', 'C26.974.382.200'], ['C10.900.300', 'C26.915.300'], ['A01.456'], ['E07.700.380', 'J01.637.708.560.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Novel technique for implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator in children.
|
An 8-year-old boy with hypertrophic nonobstructive cardiomyopathy with ventricular fibrillation underwent implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The lead was inserted through a pursestring suture in the right atrial appendage, and the tip of coil was placed in the right ventricular apex under fluoroscopic guidance. Another defibrillation coil was placed in the back of the left atrium and left ventricle by the transverse sinus. The device wrapped in a monofilament mesh sheet was placed in the intraperitoneal space. This case utilized a new technique for an implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation in a small child.
|
['Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic', 'Child', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Ventricular Fibrillation']
| 24,882,336
|
[['C14.280.238.100', 'C14.280.484.048.750.070.160'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.067.922', 'C23.550.073.922']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Vasopressin Regulates Extracellular Vesicle Uptake by Kidney Collecting Duct Cells.
|
Extracellular vesicles (ECVs) facilitate intercellular communication along the nephron, with the potential to change the function of the recipient cell. However, it is not known whether this is a regulated process analogous to other signaling systems. We investigated the potential hormonal regulation of ECV transfer and report that desmopressin, a vasopressin analogue, stimulated the uptake of fluorescently loaded ECVs into a kidney collecting duct cell line (mCCDC11) and into primary cells. Exposure of mCCDC11 cells to ECVs isolated from cells overexpressing microRNA-503 led to downregulated expression of microRNA-503 target genes, but only in the presence of desmopressin. Mechanistically, ECV entry into mCCDC11 cells required cAMP production, was reduced by inhibiting dynamin, and was selective for ECVs from kidney tubular cells. In vivo, we measured the urinary excretion and tissue uptake of fluorescently loaded ECVs delivered systemically to mice before and after administration of the vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist tolvaptan. In control-treated mice, we recovered 2.5% of administered ECVs in the urine; tolvaptan increased recovery five-fold and reduced ECV deposition in kidney tissue. Furthermore, in a patient with central diabetes insipidus, desmopressin reduced the excretion of ECVs derived from glomerular and proximal tubular cells. These data are consistent with vasopressin-regulated uptake of ECVs in vivo We conclude that ECV uptake is a specific and regulated process. Physiologically, ECVs are a new mechanism of intercellular communication; therapeutically, ECVs may be a vehicle by which RNA therapy could be targeted to specific cells for the treatment of kidney disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Animals', 'Deamino Arginine Vasopressin', 'Extracellular Vesicles', 'Humans', 'Kidney Tubules, Collecting', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Rats', 'Vasopressins']
| 27,020,854
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100.250', 'D12.644.400.900.100.250', 'D12.644.456.925.100.250', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100.250', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100.250'], ['A11.284.295.588'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453.736.560.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781', 'D12.644.400.900', 'D12.644.456.925', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781', 'D12.776.631.650.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in vitro by extracts and isolated compounds prepared from garlic and wild garlic.
|
Using a modified liver homogenate model to assay for the inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, different garlic and wild garlic extracts as well as pure compounds isolated from them were investigated for their influence on cholesterol synthesis. Chloroform and acetone/chloroform extracts of garlic and wild garlic inhibited cholesterol synthesis 44-52% at a concentration of 166 micrograms/ml, while the 5 individual sulfur-containing compounds ajoene, methylajoene, allicin, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin and diallydisulfide inhibited cholesterol synthesis by 37-72% (10(-3) M corresponding to 234, 208, 162, 144, 146 micrograms/ml, respectively). Ajoene, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin and allicin show IC50 values of 6.4, 7.2 and 9.4 x 10(-4) M, respectively. The results demonstrate that garlic and wild garlic may reduce serum cholesterol levels primarily by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis if taken in sufficient amount and that this effect arises from a mixture of multiple compounds from the sulfur-containing class of thiosulfinates, ajoenes and dithiines. Wild garlic extracts showed nearly identical efficiency to garlic extracts.
|
['Animals', 'Cholesterol', 'Garlic', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 1,632,861
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.100.050.060.300'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.620'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A case of histiocytosis X complicated by recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax].
|
A rare case of the generalized of histiocytosis X is described. Due to pulmonary involvement the disease was complicated by three episodes of spontaneous pneumothorax.
|
['Combined Modality Therapy', 'Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Pneumothorax', 'Recurrence']
| 1,462,573
|
[['E02.186'], ['C08.381.483.375', 'C15.604.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C08.528.778'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Photofrin-mediated photodynamic therapy of chemically-induced premalignant lesions and squamous cell carcinoma of the palatal mucosa in rats.
|
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), an experimental cancer therapy, was studied in an animal model of chemically-induced epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. PDT was performed 24 hours after i.v. injection of 2.5 mg/kg bw Photofrin, and using 100 J/cm2 incident light at two activation wavelengths (514.5 nm or 625 nm). Two days after PDT, the majority of rats macroscopically showed a marked erythema of the entire palatal region. Microscopically all the rats showed oedema, haemorrhage, and necrosis of the epithelium of the intermolar area. The long-term results were not so favourable. No evidence of disease was found in 6 out of 20 rats in the 514.5 nm group and in 2 out of 20 rats in the 625 nm treated group. Epithelial dysplasia was found in 14 out of 20 rats in the 514.5 nm group, and in 18 out of 20 rats of the 625 nm treated group. Squamous cell carcinomas were found in 4 out of 20 rats treated with 514.5 nm and in 7 out of 20 rats in the 625 nm treated groups. Comparing both treatment wavelengths, better results were obtained in the 514.5 nm groups as this wavelength gave less normal tissue damage. Based on the results of this study the application of PDT for the treatment of field cancerization and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, is discussed.
|
['4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinogens', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Edema', 'Erythema', 'Hematoporphyrin Derivative', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Mouth Diseases', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Necrosis', 'Oral Hemorrhage', 'Palatal Neoplasms', 'Palate', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'Precancerous Conditions', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 9,180,236
|
[['D02.640.820.600', 'D03.633.100.810.470.450', 'D03.661.243.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.888.277'], ['C17.800.229', 'C23.888.885.328'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.462.400', 'D03.633.400.909.500.462.400', 'D04.345.783.500.462.400', 'D23.767.727.462.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C07.465'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['C23.550.717'], ['C07.465.625', 'C23.550.414.922', 'C23.888.619.500'], ['C04.588.149.721.450.692', 'C04.588.443.591.692', 'C05.116.231.754.450.692', 'C05.500.499.692', 'C07.320.515.692', 'C07.465.530.692'], ['A14.521.658', 'A14.549.617'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['C04.834'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inhaled corticosteroids and growth of airway function in asthmatic children.
|
Airway inflammation and remodelling play an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma. Remodelling may affect childhood lung function, and this process may be reversed by anti-inflammatory treatment. The current study assessed longitudinally whether asthma affects growth of airway function relative to airspaces, and if so whether this is redressed by inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Every 4 months for up to 3 yrs, lung function was assessed in 54 asthmatic children (initial age 7-16 yrs), who inhaled 0.2 mg salbutamol t.i.d. and 0.2 mg budesonide t.i.d. (beta2-agonist (BA)+ICS), or placebo (PL) t.i.d. (BA+PL) in a randomised, double-blind design. Measurements were carried out before and after maximal bronchodilation. Airway growth was assessed from the change of forced expiratory volume in one second and of maximal expiratory flows (at 60% and 40% of total lung capacity (TLC) remaining in the lung) relative to TLC, as measures of more central, intermediate and more peripheral airways. Growth patterns were compared with the longitudinal findings in 376 healthy children. Airway patency after maximal bronchodilation in patients on BA+PL remained reduced compared to healthy subjects, whereas in patients on BA+ICS a marked improvement was observed to subnormal. No differences between patients and controls could be demonstrated for growth patterns of central and intermediate airway function. Compliance with BA+ICS was 75% of the prescribed dose, resulting in significant, sustained improvement of symptoms and postbronchodilator calibre of central and intermediate airways to subnormal within 2 months, but postbronchodilator small airway patency remained reduced, though improved compared to patients on BA+PL. Anti-inflammatory treatment of asthmatic children is associated with normal functional development of central and intermediate airways. The persistently reduced postbronchodilator patency of peripheral airways may reflect remodelling, or insufficient anti-inflammatory treatment.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Adolescent', 'Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Albuterol', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Asthma', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Budesonide', 'Child', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,218,999
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['D06.472.040'], ['D02.033.100.291.057', 'D02.092.063.291.057', 'D02.092.471.683.061'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.105'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['A04.411'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Share your story with us: When mentorship mattered.
|
Send us up to 1,000 words on how being a mentor or mentee shaped your practice.
|
['Humans', 'Mentors', 'Narration']
| 31,764,544
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.395'], ['E05.318.308.502', 'F01.145.209.459', 'L01.399.250.660', 'N05.715.360.300.480', 'N06.850.520.308.502']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Congenital multifocal increase of Purkinje fibres in a calf with cardiac conduction delay.
|
A female 4-month-old Holstein-Friesian calf was presented in heart failure. Microscopical examination of samples of the cardiac wall taken at necropsy examination revealed numerous aggregates of Purkinje fibres, particularly in the perivascular areas. Some Purkinje fibres were stained strongly with phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin and immunohistochemically were shown to express alpha smooth muscle actin, indicating an embryonic-like Purkinje fibre phenotype. A diagnosis of congenital multifocal increase of Purkinje fibres was made. The histological features of this case resemble multifocal cardiac Purkinje cell tumour of the heart in man.
|
['Animals', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Brugada Syndrome', 'Cardiac Conduction System Disease', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Female', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Purkinje Fibers']
| 25,084,712
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['C14.280.067.322', 'C14.280.123.250', 'C16.320.100'], ['C14.280.123'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['A07.541.409'], ['A07.541.409.683']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Beta-endorphin. Biological activity of synthetic analogs with analgesia inhibiting property in rat vas deferens and guinea pig ileum assays.
|
Three synthetic analogs of human beta-endorphin (beta h-EP) (I, [Gln8, Gly31]-beta h-EP-Gly-Gly-NH2; II, [Arg9,12,24,28,29]-beta h-EP and III, [Cys11,26, Phe27, Gly31]-beta h-EP), which have been shown to possess potent inhibiting activity to beta h-EP-induced analgesia, were assayed in rat vas deferens and guinea pig ileum bioassay systems. In the rat vas deferens assay, relative potencies of these analogs were beta h-EP, 100; I, 30; II, 40; III, 1, whereas in the guinea pig ileum assay: beta h-EP, 100; I, 184; II, 81; III, 163. From previous studies on their analgesia potency in mice and opiate receptor-binding activity in rat brain membranes, their activity in rat vas deferens correlates well with the analgesic potency and the activity from guinea pig ileum assay shows good correlations with that from the opiate receptor-binding assay.
|
['Analgesia', 'Animals', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Endorphins', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Ileum', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Rats', 'Vas Deferens', 'beta-Endorphin']
| 3,158,621
|
[['E03.091'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D12.644.400.575.241', 'D12.776.631.650.575.241'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['G11.427.494'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A05.360.444.930'], ['D06.472.699.327.935.239', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.239', 'D12.644.400.400.935.239', 'D12.644.400.575.241.080', 'D12.644.548.365.935.239', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.239', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.239', 'D12.776.631.650.575.241.080']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The development and validation of the impact of multiple sclerosis scale and the symptoms of multiple sclerosis scale.
|
OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate the Impact of Multiple Sclerosis Scale (IMSS) and the Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis Scale (SMSS) using the Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) for construct validity.DESIGN: Panel design involving test-retest over 4 months.SETTING: A mailed survey.PARTICIPANTS: Volunteers with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) recruited from an MS support service in Australia: 193 people (mean age, 39y) and 150 people participated at time 1 and time 2, respectively.INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Principal components analyses, the Cronbach alpha, and descriptive statistics for the 2 scales; correlations for construct validity with the EDSS and retest; and confirmatory factor analysis to test the stability of IMSS and SMSS components over time.RESULTS: The IMSS yielded 5 independent and reliable components; the SMSS yielded 3 components; both component structures were stable over time. These scales showed convergent validity with the EDSS.CONCLUSIONS: The IMSS and SMSS are psychometrically sound scales suitable for clinical and research purposes to assess the symptoms and impact of MS.
|
['Adult', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sickness Impact Profile']
| 16,731,220
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['E01.370.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.730', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.730', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.730']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Methods of expressing the strength of expert proof of paternity determination].
|
Non-exclusion from paternity of alleged man can be quantified by pre-test and post-test parameters. Author advocates the view that expression of the power of forensic expert evidence by likelihood ratio, which compares probability of data under two hypotheses, is the best approach from both the point of forensic mathematics and judiciary practice. Advantage of likelihood ratio is described and demonstrated on microsatellite typing examples.
|
['Bayes Theorem', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Humans', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Male', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Paternity', 'Probability']
| 12,238,022
|
[['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['I01.198.780.937.766'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biophysical and electrophysiological studies of hexanedione neurotoxicity.
|
This study examined the significance of nerve microviscosity changes which occur in 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD) neurotoxicity. To establish a correlation between microviscosity changes and neuronal damage, a standard axonal neuropathy (nerve section) was employed. Electrophysiological studies of the sciatic-tibial nerve of rats were carried out to detect the onset of nerve damage. Also, because 2,5-HD may affect membranes in general, with nerve membranes being the most sensitive, red blood cell ghost membranes were prepared from 2,5-HD treated animals and tested for viscosity changes. Results of these studies suggest that 2,5-HD and nerve section have similar effects on myelin microviscosity.
|
['Animals', 'Electromyography', 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Erythrocytes', 'Fluorescence', 'Hexanones', 'Ketones', 'Male', 'Myelin Sheath', 'Nerve Degeneration', 'Nervous System', 'Neural Conduction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Viscosity']
| 7,199,690
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['D02.522.520'], ['D02.522'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['C23.550.737'], ['A08'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP4F2 and warfarin dosing in Chinese valve replacement patients.
|
BACKGROUND: Individuals with implanted mechanical valve prostheses require lifelong anticoagulation therapy with warfarin. The narrow therapeutic index of warfarin makes it difficult to dose and maintain proper anticoagulation. A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affecting vitamin K or warfarin metabolism have been shown to affect warfarin dosing. Our aim was to study the effect of the CYP4F2 rs2108622-1347 (C > T) variant on warfarin dosing in Chinese patients.METHODS: We studied 352 patients after heart valve replacement surgery. Warfarin dosing for patients was adjusted to achieve 1.8 ? INR ? 2.5. We determined the presence of SNPs in CYP4F2 in these patients and investigated their association with warfarin dosing.RESULTS: We found the frequency of the CYP4F2 rs2108622 C allele was 79.5% and T-allele frequency was 20.5%. The warfarin dose requirement for CC individuals was significantly lower than that for CT or TT individuals (P < 0.05). TT-homozygous individuals required a 0.56 mg/day higher dose of warfarin than their CC counterparts.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that CYP4F2 rs2108622 significantly affects the warfarin dose requirement to achieve adequate anticoagulant activity in Chinese individuals. Genotyping of this SNP may allow clinicians to determine the initiation dose for patients following valve-replacement surgery in China.
|
['Adult', 'Anticoagulants', 'China', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Cytochrome P450 Family 4', 'Female', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'International Normalized Ratio', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Thrombosis', 'Warfarin']
| 23,013,706
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D08.244.453.870', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.496', 'D12.776.422.220.453.870'], ['E07.695.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.320', 'E05.200.625.115.320'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['C14.907.355.830'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.520.914', 'D03.633.100.150.446.520.914']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Patient satisfaction with HIV/AIDS care at private clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
|
Health system responsiveness (HSR) measures quality of care from the patient's perspective, an important component of ensuring adherence to medication and care among HIV patients. We examined HSR in private clinics serving HIV patients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We surveyed 640 patients, 18 or older receiving care at one of 10 participating clinics, examining socioeconomic factors, HIV regimen, and self-reported experience with access and care at the clinic. Ordered logistic regression, adjusted for clustering of the clinic sites, was used to measure the relationships between age, gender, education, site size, and overall quality of care rating, as well as between the different HSR domains and overall rating. Overall, patients reported high levels of satisfaction with care received. Confidentiality, communication, and respect were particularly highly rated, while timeliness received lower ratings despite relatively short wait times, perhaps indicating high expectations when receiving care at a private clinic. Respect, confidentiality, and promptness were significantly associated with overall rating of health care, while provider skills and communication were not significantly associated. Patients reported that quality of service and confidentiality, rather than convenience of location, were the most important factors in their choice of a clinic. Site size (patient volume) was also positively correlated with patient satisfaction. Our findings suggest that, in the setting of urban private-sector clinics, flexible clinics hours, prompt services, and efforts to improve respect, privacy and confidentiality may prove more helpful in increasing visit adherence than geographic accessibility. While a responsive health system is valuable in its own right, more work is needed to confirm that improvements in HSR in fact lead to improved adherence to care.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Demography', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Private Sector', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tanzania']
| 24,499,337
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['I01.791', 'N04.452.633.390'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.058.290.120.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The genetic diversity and applicability assessment of autosomal STRs among Chinese populations by a novel Fixation Index and Nei's index.
|
The population-specific FST in STR loci of Chinese populations has not been focused on. Here, we genotyped 19 STRs in 530 unrelated healthy individuals of Xuzhou Han population, and collected data of 30,308 samples from 32 Hans and 50 minorities nationwide. The population-specific âi and locus-specific âil were calculated to evaluate the applicable value of STRs. Next, we generated the genetic structure of various ethnic populations by Neighbor-Joining tree and Multidimensional Scaling plot based on pairwise Nei's distances. We found that TH01 and TPOX possessed high ability in discriminating populations which may be reled to the mutation rate of these STRs. Additionally, our data indicated that Chinese Han was homogenous and the population-specific âis of northern Hans were generally smaller than southern Hans (p > 0.05). We concluded that population-specific FST for autosomal STR loci could be used to reveal the unique genetic characteristics and thus uncover the genetic relationship among Chinese populations.
|
['Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Forensic Genetics', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Minority Groups', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 29,324,252
|
[['M01.686.508.200'], ['H02.403.330.149', 'I01.198.780.937.441'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['I01.880.853.300'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Candida glabrata species complex prevalence and antifungal susceptibility testing in a culture collection: First description of Candida nivariensis in Argentina.
|
The presence of the cryptic species belonging to the Candida glabrata complex has not been studied in Argentina. We analyzed a collection of 117 clinical isolates of C. glabrata complex belonging to a National Culture Collection of Instituto Nacional de Microbiolog?a "Dr. Carlos G. Malbr?n" from Argentina (40 isolates from blood samples, 18 from other normally sterile sites, 20 from vagina, 14 from urine, 7 from oral cavity, 3 from catheter, 1 from a stool sample and 14 isolates whose clinical origin was not recorded). The aims of this work were to determine the prevalence of the cryptic species Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis and to evaluate the susceptibility profile of isolates against nine antifungal drugs. Identification was carried out by using classical phenotypic tests, CHROMagar™ Candida, PCR and MALDI-TOF. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin and anidulafungin were determined according to the EDef 7.3 (EUCAST) reference document. Of the 117 isolates, 114 were identified as C. glabrata and three as C. nivariensis by using PCR and MALDI-TOF. There were no major differences between C. nivariensis and C. glabrata susceptibility profiles. No resistant strains were found to echinocandins. We have found that the percentage of C. nivariensis in our culture collection was 2.56. This is the first description of C. nivariensis in Argentina, and data obtained could contribute to the knowledge of the epidemiology of this cryptic species.
|
['Antifungal Agents', 'Argentina', 'Candida glabrata', 'Candidiasis', 'Culture Media', 'Humans', 'Microbiological Techniques', 'Molecular Diagnostic Techniques', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Prevalence', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization']
| 27,681,573
|
[['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.400', 'B01.300.381.147.400', 'B01.300.930.176.400'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875', 'E05.200.875'], ['E01.370.225.880', 'E05.200.880', 'E05.393.520'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.196.566.755']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Variation of amide proton transfer signal intensity and apparent diffusion coefficient values among phases of the menstrual cycle in the normal uterus: A preliminary study.
|
PURPOSE: To explore changes in the amide proton transfer (APT) signal intensity (SI) among different phases of the menstrual cycle in healthy young women and to determine whether the APT SI correlates with the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty healthy women of childbearing age received regular pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations and APT scans during the menstrual, proliferative and secretory phases of their menstrual cycle. Then, the APT SI and ADC values of the endometrium, myometrium and junctional zone were measured and analyzed to explore the changes during different phases of the menstrual cycle. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the APT SI and ADC were calculated.RESULTS: Besides the APT SI in the secretory phase, the APT SI and ADC in each menstrual phase were higher in the myometrium and endometrium than in the junctional zone, the APT Si did not differ significantly between the endometrium and myometrium during any phase. In each uterine structure, both the SI and ADC were highest in the secretory phase, second highest in the proliferative phase and lowest in the menstrual phase, but the APT SI did not differ significantly between the menstrual phase proliferative phases. Interindividual variation in APT SI and ADC for a given zone or phase ranged from 1.86% to 2.75% and from 0.37 ? 10-3 mm2/s to 0.85 ? 10-3 mm2/s, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient between APT SI and ADC was 0.481 (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: When the APT SI or ADC values are used to analyze uterine lesions, their changes during the menstrual cycle in childbearing aged women should be considered.
|
['Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Amides', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Female', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Myometrium', 'Protons', 'Uterus']
| 31,319,128
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D02.065'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.150'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['G08.686.605'], ['A02.633.570.500', 'A05.360.319.679.690', 'A10.690.467.500'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evidence of the co-activation of alpha-motoneurones and static gamma-motoneurones of the sartorius medialis muscle during locomotion in the thalamic cat.
|
The activity in alpha and gamma efferent axon populations and in group I and group II afferent fibre populations innervating a flexor muscle, the sartorius medialis, was observed during spontaneous locomotor movements in the thalamic cat. Multi-unit discharges of each kind of fibre were obtained by electronic sorting of the action potentials from the overall activity of a thin, intact branch of the sartorius medialis nerve. The following results were obtained: (1) The gamma-motoneurones have a phasic behaviour characterized by a single discharge period during the hip flexion (swing phase of the step-cycle). (2) The gamma-motoneurones are co-activated with the homonymous alpha-motoneurones. (3) Between rhythmic alpha and gamma discharges, i.e. during the hip extension (stance phase of the step cycle), both alpha- and gamma-motoneurones were normally silent. However, in 5 out of 17 experiments, a few units of the gamma population fired at very low frequency. (4) Two observations indicate that the gamma-motoneurones that are co-activated with the alpha-motoneurones by central locomotor commands are predominantly of the static type. In actual locomotion, the rhythmic fusimotor discharges over-compensate the depressor effect on the firing rate of the group II afferents of the unloading of muscle spindles by the active shortening of the parent muscle. In fictive locomotion, when the transmission of the excitation is blocked by selective curarization in alpha skeleto-motor junctions alone, the rhythmic fusimotor discharges elicit in-phase modulations not only of the group I but also of the group II fibres.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Cats', 'Electromyography', 'Hindlimb', 'Locomotion', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscles', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Neurons, Efferent', 'Stereotyped Behavior', 'Thalamus']
| 2,257,904
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['A13.473'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['A08.675.655', 'A11.671.655'], ['F01.145.896'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Azithromycin prophylaxis against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum.
|
Azithromycin has antimalarial activity and favourable pharmacokinetic properties for a prophylactic antimalarial agent. We investigated the ability of azithromycin to prevent malaria in volunteers infected with a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. 4 volunteers received oral azithromycin 500 mg followed by 250 mg daily for 7 further days. Subjects were infected on the third day of azithromycin. 3 subjects were protected compared with none of 15 controls. The volunteer not protected by azithromycin had unquantifiable plasma levels of azithromycin, probably because of poor absorption. Azithromycin could be a promising prophylactic agent for P falciparum malaria.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Azithromycin', 'Chloroquine', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Resistance', 'Humans', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Pilot Projects']
| 7,910,886
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D02.540.576.500.992.050'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.180'], ['E02.319.283'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Global costs attributed to chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to discuss the global costs attributed to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its impact on healthcare systems of developing countries, such as Brazil.METHODS: This is a systematic review based on data from PubMed/Medline, using the key words "costs" and "chronic kidney disease", in January 2017. The search was also done in other databases, such as Scielo and Google Scholar, aiming to identify regional studies related to this subject, published in journal not indexed in PubMed. Only papers published from 2012 on were included. Studies on CKD costs and treatment modalities were prioritized. The search resulted in 392 articles, from which 291 were excluded because they were related to other aspects of CKD. From the 101 remaining articles, we have excluded the reviews, comments and study protocols. A total of 37 articles were included, all focusing on global costs related to CKD.RESULTS: Despite methods and analysis were diverse, the results of these studies were unanimous in alerting for the impact (financial and social) of CKD on health systems (public and private) and also on family and society.CONCLUSIONS: To massively invest in prevention and measures to slow CKD progression into its end-stages and, then, avoid the requirement for dialysis and transplant, can represent a huge, and not yet calculated, economy for patients and health systems all over the world.
|
['Cost of Illness', 'Health Expenditures', 'Humans', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic']
| 30,569,987
|
[['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Gambian National Impregnated Bednet Programme: costs, consequences and net cost-effectiveness.
|
Clinical trials have indicated that treating mosquito nets with insecticide could be a potentially cost-effective method of preventing malaria. As malaria is one of the most common causes of death in children under five in developing countries, there has been substantial interest in whether such findings can be replicated for a country's control programme in practice. The cost-effectiveness of the Gambian National Insecticide-impregnated Bednet Programme (NIBP), from the viewpoint of providers (government and non-governmental agencies) and the community, has been calculated. Information was collected from existing records, interviews with NIBP personnel, observation and household surveys. Information is provided on the resource use consequences of the NIBP in terms of reduced expenditure on anti-malaria preventive measures, treatment in government health services, household financed treatment and "charity" (burial, funeral and mourning activities), as well as cash income lost as a result of child death. The annual implementation cost of the NIBP was D757,875 (US$91,864), of which 86% was recurrent cost. The estimated number of death averted was 40.56. The net implementation cost-effectiveness ratio per death averted and discounted life years gained were D3884 (US$471) and D260 (US$31.5), respectively. Adding the cost of all mosquito nets would increase the cost-effectiveness ratios by over five times, which is an important consideration for countries with a lower coverage of mosquito nets per capita. It is concluded that insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets are one of the more efficient ways of reducing deaths in children under 10 years in rural Gambia.
|
['Bedding and Linens', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Communicable Disease Control', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Female', 'Gambia', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Mortality', 'Insect Bites and Stings', 'Insecticides', 'Malaria', 'Male']
| 9,447,642
|
[['E07.325.137', 'J01.494.221'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N06.850.780.200'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['Z01.058.290.190.300'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.475', 'N01.224.935.698.489', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.475'], ['C25.723.127.071', 'C26.176.143'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Increasing stroke incidence in Sweden between 1989 and 2000 among persons aged 30 to 65 years: evidence from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stroke mortality is decreasing in Sweden, as is the case in other Western European countries. However, both decreases and increases have been reported in Sweden for persons younger than age 65 years. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of stroke in Sweden between the periods 1989 and 1991 and 1998 and 2000 in persons aged 30 to 65 years.METHODS: All first-ever stroke patients aged 30 to 65 years in the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register between 1989 and 2000 were included.RESULTS: The age-standardized, 3-year average incidence increased by 19%, from 98.9 to 118.0 per 100 000 among men, and by 33%, from 48.4 to 64.4 among women, between 1989 and 1991 and 1998 and 2000. The largest increase was seen among those younger than 60 years. On a county level, the change in age-standardized stroke incidence varied from small decreases (-3%) to large increases (82%).CONCLUSIONS: Stroke incidence increased in Sweden for both men and women between 1989 and 2000. The increase was larger among women. This calls for action when it comes to studying risk factors and planning for prevention and health promotion and indicates the need for gender-specific studies.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Distribution', 'Sex Factors', 'Stroke', 'Sweden']
| 15,073,400
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 12N-substituted Tricyclic Matrinic Derivatives as a Novel Family of Anti-Influenza Agents.
|
BACKGROUND: Influenza is still a serious threat to human health with significant morbidity and mortality, so it is desirable to develop novel anti-flu drug agents with novel structures.OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this research was to explore broad-spectrum anti-flu agents and provide antiviral stockpiles in response to potential future influenza pandemics.METHODS: Fifteen novel 12N-substituted tricyclic matrinic derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-influenza activities against H1N1 subtype taking 12N-p-cyanobenzenesulfonyl matrinane (1) as the lead. All prepared compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-HRMS. The pharmacokinetics (PK) profile of the key compound was also examined in this study.RESULT: The structure-activity relationship study indicated that suitable benzyl groups on 12N atom might be beneficial for the activity. Among them, 12N-p-carboxybenzyl matrinic butane (17g) exhibited the most promising activity with an IC50 value of 16.2 µM and a selective index (SI) value of over 33.4. In addition, compound 17g displayed a good in vivo pharmacokinetic profile with an area under the curve (AUC0-?) value of 9.89 µM·h.CONCLUSION: We consider tricyclic matrinic butane derivatives to be a new class of anti-influenza agents and this study provided useful information on further optimization.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Dogs', 'Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype', 'Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells', 'Male', 'Quinolizines', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 29,473,520
|
[['D03.132'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.214'], ['A11.251.210.827', 'A11.436.589'], ['D03.633.100.834'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LOCALLY ADVANCED WELL DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CARCINOMA].
|
AIMS: We aimed to better define the most appropriate therapeutic protocol for this type of tumor.BACKGROUND: The incidence of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is rising and the mortality from the disease remains low for patients with early disease. Nevertheless, the survival of patients with advanced disease has not improved during the last four decades and a controversy still exists in the literature regarding the optimal treatment in patients with locally advanced (T4) differentiated thyroid carcinoma.METHODS: Meta-analysis of the literature and our institutional experience, in treating patients with advanced papillary/follicular thyroid carcinoma. The main outcome measures were overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS).RESULTS: The study group consisted of 38 patients with locally advanced thyroid carcinoma (T4). Regional spread to nodal metastases was present in 25 (65.7%) patients. Tracheal invasion was diagnosed in 29 (76.3%), of those 10 (26.3%) patients had airway obstruction. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis was revealed with clinical evidence during diagnosis in 23 (60.5%) patients. The 5-years OS was 66% and DSS was 87%. Multivariate analysis of outcome showed that undifferentiated carcinoma foci and vocal cord paralysis were associated with significantly reduced 5-years OS, and vocal cord paralysis was the only independent prognostic variable for DSS. Male gender and adjuvant radioactive iodine treatment were significant prognostic variables for disease free survival but not OS or DSS.CONCLUSIONS: Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for locally advanced differentiated thyroid cancers. Foci of poorly differentiated cells, vocal cord paralysis and male gender are associated with poor prognosis. Radioactive iodine treatment improved local control but did not not affect OS. These patients should be managed by a multidisciplinary team in university centers specializing in treating complicated cancer patients.
|
['Adenocarcinoma, Follicular', 'Carcinoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Thyroidectomy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vocal Cord Paralysis']
| 28,971,654
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.060'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['E04.270.856'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C08.360.931', 'C09.400.931', 'C10.292.887.800', 'C10.597.622.943', 'C23.888.592.636.943']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Impact of atorvastatin treatment on platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase and 15-F(2trans)-isoprostane in hypercholesterolaemic patients.
|
AIMS: Isoprostanes are the product of free radical oxidation of arachidonic acid, whose hydrolysis from phospholipids is presumably catalysed by phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)s) such as group IIA or V PLA(2)s, or group VII PLA(2)[platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase]. Atorvastatin reduces concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), with which PAF-AH is associated, and PLA(2)s' protein concentrations. We investigated the effect of atorvastatin on PLA(2)s and PAF-AH activity and the urinary excretion of 15-F(2trans)-isoprostane (15-F(2t)-IsoP, 8-iso-PGF(2alpha), iPF(2alpha)-III).METHODS: Twenty-four hypercholesterolaemic individuals naive to lipid-lowering therapy were randomized to atorvastatin 40 mg or placebo for 6 weeks. The 15-F(2t)-isoP urinary excretion (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry), PAF-AH and group IIA and V PLA(2) activities (photometry) were assessed at baseline and end-point.RESULTS: At end-point, 15-F(2t)-isoP urinary excretion concentrations as well as PLA(2)s' activity were unchanged under atorvastatin (mean change 0.21 +/- 1.79 ng h(-1), 95% confidence interval -0.92, 1.35 and 0.33 +/- 0.94 nmol min(-1) ml(-1), -0.27, 0.93) and under placebo (mean change 0.69 +/- 1.69 ng h(-1), -0.52, 1.90 and 1.29 +/- 2.16 nmol min(-1) ml(-1), -0.25, 2.84). Atorvastatin treatment decreased total (P < 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001) but had no effect on high-density lipoprotein. PAF-AH activity was lowered in the atorvastatin group (mean change - 5.27+/- 1.96 nmol min(-1) ml(-1), -6.51, -4.03, P < 0.001) but not in the placebo group (mean change 1.02 +/- 1.64 nmol min(-1) ml(-1), 0.15, 2.20), and the change in PAF-AH activity was correlated with that in total (P = 0.03) and LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: Our results show a lowering effect of atorvastatin on PAF-AH activity associated with its lipid-lowering effect and exclude a key role of PAF-AH in the liberation of 15-F(2t)-isoP from phospholipids.
|
['1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase', 'Adult', 'Anticholesteremic Agents', 'Atorvastatin', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'F2-Isoprostanes', 'Female', 'Heptanoic Acids', 'Humans', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pyrroles']
| 17,214,829
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937.249'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202'], ['D03.383.129.578.075', 'D10.251.450.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.375.500', 'D10.251.355.310.166.775.500', 'D10.251.355.411.500'], ['D10.251.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.129.578']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pressure distribution at the stump/socket interface in transtibial amputees during walking on stairs, slope and non-flat road.
|
BACKGROUND: Studies examining the stump/socket interface stresses have been restricted to unsupported stance and natural gait, i.e. walking at a comfortable speed on flat and straight walkway. However, the pressure behaviour as to the interface in unilateral transtibial amputees during walking on stairs, slope and non-flat road is unclear.METHODS: Pressure distribution changes at multiple points, expressed as mean peak stump/socket interface pressure, mean pressure level over 90% of peak pressure, time in which pressure exceeded 90% of peak pressure and time-pressure integral at the period of sustained sub-maximal load, were measured during natural ambulating and walking on stairs, slope and non-flat road.FINDINGS: Compared with natural gait, the mean peak pressure and sustained sub-maximal load increase notably over the patellar tendon during walking on stairs and non-flat road, and however decrease or change insignificantly at the patellar tendon on slope and over other measured areas in all conditions; moreover the time period of sustained sub-maximal load changes remarkably, except over the patellar tendon during walking up slope and over the popliteal area on non-flat road; finally, the time-pressure integral in the time period of sustained sub-maximal load changes considerably, except at the patellar tendon during walking up slope.INTERPRETATION: The pressure characteristics during natural ambulating seem not to be highly predictive of what occurs in the conditions of walking on stairs, slope and non-flat road, which leads to significant increase in amplitude domain of tissue loading only at the patellar tendon, and however to remarkable changes in temporal sequences of tissue (un-)loading almost in all measured regions.
|
['Adult', 'Amputation Stumps', 'Amputees', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Knee Prosthesis', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Pressure', 'Surface Properties', 'Tibia', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 16,919,376
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.100'], ['M01.150.100'], ['E05.325.192'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E07.695.400.410'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G02.860'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A simple pain model for the evaluation of analgesic effects of NSAIDs in healthy subjects.
|
AIMS: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are believed to counteract inflammation and inflammation-induced sensitization of nociceptors by inhibiting peripheral prostaglandin synthesis. We evaluated an experimental pain model for NSAIDs, that included an inflammatory component to mimic clinical inflammatory pain conditions.METHODS: The study was performed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover design on 32 healthy volunteers. A small skin area of the proximal upper leg was irradiated with a UVB source using three times the individually estimated minimal erythema dose. Twenty hours after irradiation skin temperature, heat pain threshold and tolerance in sunburn spot were measured using a thermal sensory testing. These measurements were repeated 2 h after medication of either 800 mg ibuprofen as single oral dose or placebo capsules. Effects of ibuprofen on outcome parameters were assessed with analyses of covariance (ancova).RESULTS: Placebo did not affect heat pain threshold or tolerance. By contrast, ibuprofen increased heat pain threshold by 1.092 degrees C [confidence interval (CI) 0.498, 1.695; P = 0.0008) compared with placebo. Heat pain tolerance also increased significantly by 1.618 degrees C (CI 1.062, 2.175; P = 0.0001).CONCLUSION: The pain model we evaluated was well tolerated in all subjects and the effects of ibuprofen were highly significant. This model is simple, sensitive to NSAIDs' effects and therefore has potential for future experimental pain studies.
|
['Adult', 'Analgesics', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pain', 'Pain Threshold', 'Skin Temperature']
| 12,895,189
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['F02.463.593.710.560', 'F02.830.816.444.700', 'G11.561.790.444.700'], ['G07.110.753', 'G13.750.844']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sensitivity, Specificity and Predictive Value of Heart Rate Variability Indices in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
|
BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV) indices may detect autonomic changes with good diagnostic accuracy. Type diabetes mellitus (DM) individuals may have changes in autonomic modulation; however, studies of this nature in this population are still scarce.OBJECTIVE: To compare HRV indices between and assess their prognostic value by measurements of sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in young individuals with type 1 DM and healthy volunteers.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, physical and clinical assessment was performed in 39 young patients with type 1 DM and 43 young healthy controls. For HRV analysis, beat-to-beat heart rate variability was measured in dorsal decubitus, using a Polar S810i heart rate monitor, for 30 minutes. The following indices were calculated: SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50, TINN, RRTri, LF ms2, HF ms2, LF un, HF un, LF/HF, SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2, and ApEn.RESULTS: Type 1 DM subjects showed a decrease in sympathetic and parasympathetic activities, and overall variability of autonomic nervous system. The RMSSD, SDNN, PNN50, LF ms2, HF ms2, RRTri, SD1 and SD2 indices showed greater diagnostic accuracy in discriminating diabetic from healthy individuals.CONCLUSION: Type 1 DM individuals have changes in autonomic modulation. The SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50, RRtri, LF ms2, HF ms2, SD1 and SD2 indices may be alternative tools to discriminate individuals with type 1 DM.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reference Standards', 'Reference Values', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 28,443,958
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.800.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C10.668.829.300', 'C19.246.099.937'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluating spatial distribution and seasonal variation of phthalates using passive air sampling in southern India.
|
Usage of phthalates as plasticizers has resulted in worldwide occurrence and is becoming a serious concern to human health and environment. However, studies on phthalates in Indian atmosphere are lacking. Therefore, we studied the spatio-temporal trends of six major phthalates in Tamil Nadu, southern India, using passive air samplers. Phthalates were ubiquitously detected in all the samples and the average total phthalates found in decreasing order is pre-monsoon (61 ng m-3) > summer (52 ng m-3) > monsoon (17 ng m-3). Largely used phthalates, dibutylphthalate (DBP) and diethylhexlphthalate (DEHP) were predominantly found in all the seasons with contribution of 11-31% and 59-68%, respectively. The highest total phthalates was observed in summer at an urban location (836 ng m-3). Furthermore, through principal component analysis, potential sources were identified as emissions from additives of plasticizers in the polymer industry and the productions of adhesives, building materials and vinyl flooring. Although inhalation exposure of infants was higher than other population segments (toddlers, children and adults), exposure levels were found to be safe for people belonging to all ages based on reference dose (RfD) and tolerable daily intake (TDI) values. This study first attempted to report seasonal trend based on atmospheric monitoring using passive air sampling technique and exposure risk together.
|
['Adult', 'Air Pollutants', 'Air Pollution', 'Atmosphere', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Humans', 'India', 'Inhalation Exposure', 'Phthalic Acids', 'Plasticizers', 'Seasons']
| 27,979,682
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['N06.850.460.100'], ['G16.500.275.063', 'N06.230.300.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['N06.850.460.350.112'], ['D02.241.223.805'], ['D27.720.760'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
WISE 2005: responses of women to sublingual nitroglycerin before and after 56 days of 6° head-down bed rest.
|
This study tested the hypothesis that cardiovascular effects of sublingual nitroglycerin (NG) would be exaggerated after 56 days of 6° head-down bed rest (HDBR) in women, and that an aerobic and resistive exercise countermeasure (EX, n = 8) would reduce the effect compared with HDBR without exercise (CON, n = 7). Middle cerebral artery maximal blood flow velocity (CBFV), cardiac stroke volume (SV), and superficial femoral artery blood flow (Doppler ultrasound) were recorded at baseline rest and for 5 min following 0.3 mg sublingual NG. Post-HDBR, NG caused greater increases in heart rate (HR) in CON compared with EX (+24.9 ± 7.7 and +18.8 ± 6.6 beats/min, respectively, P < 0.0001). The increase in HR combined with reductions in SV to maintain cardiac output. Systolic, mean, and pulse pressures were reduced 5-10 mmHg by NG, but total peripheral resistance was only slightly reduced at 3 min after NG. Reductions in CBFV of -12.5 ± 3.8 cm/s were seen after NG, but a reduction in the Doppler resistance index suggested dilation of the middle cerebral artery with no differences after HDBR. The femoral artery dilated with NG and blood flow was reduced ?50% with the appearance of large negative waves suggesting a marked increase in downstream resistance, but there were no effects of HDBR. In general, responses of women to NG were not altered by HDBR; the greater increase in HR in CON but not EX was probably a consequence of cardiovascular deconditioning. These results contrast with the hypothesis and a previous investigation of men after HDBR by revealing no change in cardiovascular responses to exogenous nitric oxide.
|
['Administration, Sublingual', 'Adult', 'Bed Rest', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiovascular Deconditioning', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Head-Down Tilt', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Nitroglycerin', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Resistance Training', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler', 'Vascular Resistance', 'Vasodilator Agents', 'Weightlessness Countermeasures']
| 22,653,986
|
[['E02.319.267.100.878'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.075'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G09.330.175'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['G11.427.695.300'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.228.550'], ['D02.640.636'], ['G03.680'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387.875', 'E02.779.483.875', 'E02.831.535.483.875', 'G11.427.410.698.277.311.750', 'I03.350.311.750'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['E01.370.350.850.850'], ['G09.330.380.921'], ['D27.505.954.411.918'], ['E05.974']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative analysis of Actinomyces cell walls.
|
Quantitative data on the amino acid composition of cell walls of five species of Actinomyces were obtained by using a Beckman-Spinco amino acid analyzer. The major amino acids in A. israelii, A. naeslundii, A. eriksonii, and A. bovis species included alanine, glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, and ornithine, as reported by previous workers, whereas A. propionicus contained diaminopimelic acid. Other amino acids, including glycine, valine, leucine, proline, isoleucine, and threonine, were present in at least some of the walls in quantities equal to or slightly less than that of lysine. This raised the question of whether these may represent cross-links in the peptidoglycan or other cell wall structural components or whether the wall preparations contained nonpeptidoglycan material despite the use of electron microscopy as a standard of purity; further work is required to supply the answer. The quantitative data furnish relative molar concentrations of amino acids, which can provide definitive identification of some of the species and differentiation of Actinomyces from other members of the Actinomycetales and from morphologically similar genera such as Corynebacterium and Propionibacterium.
|
['Actinomyces', 'Amino Acids', 'Cell Wall', 'Centrifugation', 'Chromatography', 'Culture Media', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Microscopy, Phase-Contrast', 'Pepsin A', 'Trypsin']
| 4,881,955
|
[['B03.510.024.049.050.050', 'B03.510.460.400.400.049.049.178'], ['D12.125'], ['A11.284.183'], ['E05.181'], ['E05.196.181'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E01.370.350.515.513.569', 'E05.490.630.569', 'E05.595.513.569'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.700', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Central hemodynamic monitoring in a woman with acute respiratory insufficiency after evacuation of a complete molar pregnancy. A case report.
|
BACKGROUND: The incidence of hydatiform moles in the United States is approximately 1 in 1,200 pregnancies. Acute respiratory insufficiency is a known complication of molar pregnancies, occurring in 8-11%. While there have been numerous case reports and retrospective studies describing respiratory complications following evacuation of hydatiform moles, only a limited number of reports provide data from central hemodynamic monitoring in patients with this complication.CASE: A 16-year-old, Hispanic woman, gravida 1, para 0, presented to the emergency room at 13 weeks' gestational age by menstrual dating with complaints of vaginal bleeding for two days. The serum quantitative beta-hCG level was 1 x 10(6) mIU/mL, and a bedside sonogram was consistent with hydatiform mole. After informed consent was obtained, the patient underwent dilation and suction curettage. Approximately five minutes after evacuation of the uterus was begun, the patient developed pulmonary edema in the setting of oliguria. A pulmonary artery catheter was inserted to determine the etiology of the edema. The initial pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was > 18 mm Hg, consistent with hydrostatic pulmonary edema. Volume overload in association with a reduced colloid osmotic pressure to wedge pressure gradient was primarily responsible for the pulmonary edema in this patient.CONCLUSION: The majority of case reports of pulmonary complications after evacuation of a hydatidiform mole were either presumed or documented to be due to trophoblastic pulmonary embolism. Thyrotoxicosis, fluid overload with dilutional anemia, preeclampsia, sepsis, hypoalbuminemia or a combination of these factors may be more common than trophoblastic embolization.
|
['Adolescent', 'Colloids', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hydatidiform Mole', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Pregnancy', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'Respiratory Insufficiency', 'Risk Factors', 'Uterine Neoplasms', 'Water-Electrolyte Balance']
| 11,725,738
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D20.280', 'D26.255.165'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.955.416.812', 'C04.850.908.416.750', 'C13.703.720.949.416.875'], ['E01.370.520'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C08.381.742'], ['C08.618.846'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875'], ['G02.111.635.500', 'G03.615.500', 'G07.410.810.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma: a real-world snapshot on clinical markers and timing of response.
|
Background: Few studies have provided real-world evidence of mepolizumab efficacy and safety. We aimed to evaluate mepolizumab for severe eosinophilic asthma in daily clinical practice.Research design and methods: Patients included in the RINOVA (Interdisciplinary Network for the management of severe asthma in Veneto region, Italy) database were investigated. Blood eosinophil count, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, % of predicted (FEV1%), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), asthma control test (ACT), oral steroid (OCS) intake, and exacerbation rate were evaluated during mepolizumab treatment.Results: 69 patients were enrolled (mean age: 55.1 years; 60.9% females). A significant improvement was detected at one month with respect to blood eosinophils (median level at baseline: 710/ìl; -620/ìl, p < 0,001), FEV1% (median value at baseline 87; range: 79-101; +4, p = 0.001) and ACT (median value at baseline 18; range: 14-20.5;+4, <0.001). A significant reduction of FeNO was observed six months after the treatment start, when the exacerbation rate and the mean OCS dose significantly decreased (respectively: Ä reduction -3; p < 0.001 and -5 mg; p < 0.001).Conclusions: Our study provides real-world evidence of mepolizumab safety and confirms its dramatic steroid sparing effect. The greatest clinical change (ACT and FEV1) was observed within the first month.
|
['Anti-Asthmatic Agents', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Asthma', 'Biomarkers', 'Eosinophils', 'Exhalation', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Eosinophilia', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,592,700
|
[['D27.505.954.796.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.118.637.415.345', 'A11.627.340.345', 'A15.145.229.637.415.345', 'A15.382.490.315.251'], ['G09.772.705.700.275'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.750', 'C15.378.553.231.549.750'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
PBP5, PBP6 and DacD play different roles in intrinsic â-lactam resistance of Escherichia coli.
|
Escherichia coli PBP5, PBP6 and DacD, encoded by dacA, dacC and dacD, respectively, share substantial amino acid identity and together constitute ~50 % of the total penicillin-binding proteins of E. coli. PBP5 helps maintain intrinsic â-lactam resistance within the cell. To test if PBP6 and DacD play simlar roles, we deleted dacC and dacD individually, and dacC in combination with dacA, from E. coli 2443 and compared â-lactam sensitivity of the mutants and the parent strain. â-Lactam resistance was complemented by wild-type, but not dd-carboxypeptidase-deficient PBP5, confirming that enzymic activity of PBP5 is essential for â-lactam resistance. Deletion of dacC and expression of PBP6 during exponential or stationary phase did not alter â-lactam resistance of a dacA mutant. Expression of DacD during mid-exponential phase partially restored â-lactam resistance of the dacA mutant. Therefore, PBP5 dd-carboxypeptidase activity is essential for intrinsic â-lactam resistance of E. coli and DacD can partially compensate for PBP5 in this capacity, whereas PBP6 cannot.
|
['Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Mutation', 'Penicillin-Binding Proteins', 'Phenotype', 'Serine-Type D-Ala-D-Ala Carboxypeptidase', 'beta-Lactam Resistance']
| 21,719,544
|
[['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.710', 'D12.776.097.545'], ['G05.695'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.245.800', 'D08.811.277.656.959.560'], ['G06.099.225.500', 'G06.225.347.500', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessing quality of life in patients with schizophrenia in an acute psychiatric setting: reliability, validity and feasibility of the EQ-5D and the Q-LES-Q.
|
BACKGROUND: Quality of life (QoL) is considered an important outcome of treatment in psychiatry. Two QoL instruments, the EuroQoL-5D (EQ-5D) and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), have been increasingly used among patients with schizophrenia.AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability, validity and feasibility of the EQ-5D and the Q-LES-Q among patients with schizophrenia and related disorders (n = 311) in the most acute stage of their illness.METHODS: The study was carried out in nine acute psychiatric wards of two psychiatric hospitals in Finland. The instruments' internal consistency, construct validity and missing values were evaluated.RESULTS: Our findings show high internal consistency for the Q-LES-Q (Cronbach's alpha 0,89). For the EQ-5D, the Cronbach's alpha value was minimally acceptable (0.63) taking in to consideration the low number of items. Lower overall functioning indicated poorer QoL measured by the EQ-5D (U = 3098, P < 0.001) or the Q-LES-Q (U = 3357, P < 0.001). Missing values in the EQ-5D ranged from 6% to 7% and in the Q-LES-Q from 6% to 31%.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that both QoL scales are reasonably reliable, valid and feasible in this patient group. The decision regarding which instrument to use would depend on clinical or research questions. When more detailed information for patients' satisfaction with QoL is needed then the Q-LES-Q would be a better choice, whereas if the primary interest is to briefly assess patients' QoL problems related to health status the EQ-5D would be a better choice.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Schizophrenia', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 21,770,824
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['F03.700.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Sialidase activity and antibodies to sialidase-treated autologous erythrocytes in bronchoalveolar lavages from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or sarcoidosis.
|
Sialidases catalyse the hydrolysis of terminal sialic acid of the carbohydrate moiety of glycoconjugates. Sialic acids play a key role in the expression or masking of antigenic sites and in cell-cell interactions. As an example, removal of sialic acid from the human erythrocyte membrane unmasks underlying molecules such as the specific carbohydrates (Gal-GalNac) of the so-called T or Thomsen-Friedenreich cryptic antigen. A consequence of this, is the recognition of that antigen by natural serum antibodies. Since the T antigen has been shown to be present in the lung, we have investigated the possible presence of sialidase and of specific antibodies to sialidase-treated cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) from patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). By using a fluorogenic substrate (4-methyl umbelliferyl-alpha-D-N-acetyl sodium neuraminate), we were able to detect a sialidase activity in BALF from eight out of nine patients with IPF and from ten out of thirty-five patients with sarcoidosis. BALF from normal volunteers and serum from both patients and normal volunteers were devoid of activity. BALF sialidase has an optimum pH activity of 5.4, it is not inhibited by EDTA and has a molecular weight close to 21 kD. BALF anti-T antibodies (galactose specific) were detectable in minute amounts in only one out of the nine normal volunteers. By contrast, they were frequently present in BALF from sarcoidosis (77%) or IPF (66%) patients and sarcoidosis patients had a higher mean activity. No correlation was observed between the enzymatic and antibody activities.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Autoantibodies', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Hemagglutination', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuraminidase', 'Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Sarcoidosis']
| 3,180,512
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G02.111.026.500', 'G12.122.100.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.450.692'], ['C08.381.765'], ['C15.604.515.827']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Adenosine system and cell calcium translocation: interference of calcium channel blockers.
|
Adenosine is able to inhibit in vitro neutrophil functions induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and A23187, but not phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The inhibiting activity on A23187 is reversed by increasing extracellular Ca2++ concentration. The calcium entry blocker flunarizine shows an activity very similar to that of adenosine. Both adenosine and flunarizine prevent Ca++ influx into activated neutrophils as detected by the fluorescent Ca++ chelator Quin-2. Finally, flunarizine binds to the neutrophil membrane and adenosine competitively inhibits flunarizine binding as assessed by 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) technique, thus indicating that the two agents share a common binding site on the cell membrane.
|
['Adenosine', 'Biological Transport', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Cell Membrane', 'Flunarizine', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Neutrophils']
| 2,226,674
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['G03.143'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D03.383.606.450'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of an acute myeloid leukaemia associated noncoding somatic mutation at 3' end of HOXA cluster.
|
Noncoding somatic mutations have been demonstrated to play important role in tumourigenesis. Here we show that there exists an acute myeloid leukaemia associated noncoding somatic mutation at 3' terminal of conserved HOXA cluster. The mutation was identified in the bone marrow blasts but not peripheral blood mononuclear cells or buccal cells of two M3 (acute promyelocytic leukaemia, APL) type patients from 45 acute myeloid leukaemia patients. The mutation also existed in a pair of twins one of them developed acute myeloid leukaemia M4 (acute myelomonocytic leukaemia) type. The mutation resides in about 2-kb downstream of HOXA1 gene where a functional retinoic acid response element is located and also bound by histone demethylase KDM3B. Reporter assay showed that the mutation results in the upregulation of transcriptional activity and unresponsiveness to retinoic acid receptor. To sum up, we identified a new acute myeloid leukaemia associated noncoding somatic mutation.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Alleles', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Humans', 'Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute', 'Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide']
| 31,204,714
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.662.582.475.500', 'D08.811.682.690.416.388'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['C04.557.337.539.275.700'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.795.598']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Removal of CO dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas carboxydovorans cytoplasmic membranes, rebinding of CO dehydrogenase to depleted membranes, and restoration of respiratory activities.
|
In Pseudomonas carboxydovorans, CO dehydrogenase and hydrogenase were found in association with the cytoplasmic membrane in a weakly bound and a tightly bound pool. The pools could be experimentally distinguished on the basis of resistance to removal by washes in low-ionic-strength buffer. The tightly bound pool of the enzymes could be differentially solubilized under conditions leaving the electron transport system intact and with the nondenaturing zwitterionic detergent 3-(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio 1-propane-sulfonic acid (CHAPS) and the nonionic detergent dodecyl beta-D-maltoside. In vitro reconstitution of depleted membranes with the corresponding supernatants containing CO dehydrogenase led to binding of the enzyme and to reactivation of respiratory activities with CO. The reconstitution reaction required cations with effectiveness which increased with increasing ionic charge: monovalent (Li+), divalent (Mg2+, Mn2+), or trivalent (Cr3+, La3+). Reconstitution of depleted membranes with CO dehydrogenase was specific for CO-grown bacteria. Cytoplasmic membranes from H2- or heterotrophically grown Pseudomonas carboxydovorans had no affinity for CO dehydrogenase at all, indicating the absence of the physiological electron acceptor of the enzyme, which presumably is cytochrome b561, or another membrane anchor.
|
['Aldehyde Oxidoreductases', 'Cell Membrane', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Kinetics', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Protein Binding', 'Pseudomonas', 'Solubility']
| 2,808,305
|
[['D08.811.682.657.163'], ['A11.284.149'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['G03.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625', 'B03.660.250.580.590'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Modelling the metabolism of protein secretion through the Tat route in Streptomyces lividans.
|
BACKGROUND: Streptomyces lividans has demonstrated its value as an efficient host for protein production due to its ability to secrete functional proteins directly to the media. Secretory proteins that use the major Sec route need to be properly folded outside the cell, whereas secretory proteins using the Tat route appear outside the cell correctly folded. This feature makes the Tat system very attractive for the production of natural or engineered Tat secretory proteins. S. lividans cells are known to respond differently to overproduction and secretion of Tat versus Sec proteins. Increased understanding of the impact of protein secretion through the Tat route can be obtained by a deeper analysis of the metabolic impact associated with protein production, and its dependence on protein origin, composition, secretion mechanisms, growth phases and nutrients. Flux Balance Analysis of Genome-Scale Metabolic Network models provides a theoretical framework to investigate cell metabolism under different constraints.RESULTS: We have built new models for various S. lividans strains to better understand the mechanisms associated with overproduction of proteins secreted through the Tat route. We compare models of an S. lividans Tat-dependent agarase overproducing strain with those of the S. lividans wild-type, an S. lividans strain carrying the multi-copy plasmid vector and an á-amylase Sec-dependent overproducing strain. Using updated genomic, transcriptomic and experimental data we could extend existing S. lividans models and produce a new model which produces improved results largely extending the coverage of S. lividans strains, the number of genes and reactions being considered, the predictive behaviour and the dependence on specification of exchange constraints. Comparison of the optimized solutions obtained highlights numerous changes between Tat- and Sec-dependent protein secreting strains affecting the metabolism of carbon, amino acids, nucleotides, lipids and cofactors, and variability analysis predicts a large potential for protein overproduction.CONCLUSIONS: This work provides a detailed look to metabolic changes associated to Tat-dependent protein secretion reproducing experimental observations and identifying changes that are specific to each secretory route, presenting a novel, improved, more accurate and strain-independent model of S. lividans, thus opening the way for enhanced metabolic engineering of protein overproduction in S. lividans.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Metabolic Engineering', 'Metabolic Networks and Pathways', 'Models, Biological', 'Protein Folding', 'Streptomyces lividans', 'alpha-Amylases']
| 29,898,665
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['E05.393.420.526', 'E05.481.500.311.249', 'J01.293.069.249.249'], ['G03.493'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768.500', 'B03.510.024.997.775.500', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768.500', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768.500'], ['D08.811.277.450.066.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spirituality in the Catholic workplace. Does it differ from the now-fashionable versions found in other organizations?
|
"Spirituality in the workplace" has become something of a fad in corporate America as companies seek to find a balance between their employees' personal beliefs and the bottom line. Does this newfound spirituality-meets-margin differ from the spirituality traditionally observed in faith-based organizations? Often secular organizations, in an attempt to be as non-offensive and inclusive as possible, adopt an all-or-nothing approach to workplace spirituality. This can translate into a celebration of every religious belief system or a "New Age" appeal to universal human values. Spirituality in a Catholic health care workplace differs, however. It is quite specific in that it focuses on the healing ministry of Jesus Christ. It is precisely this healing ministry that nurtures the spirituality found in Catholic health care organizations and differentiates it from its secular counterparts. Although nurturing spirituality in the Catholic health care workplace can be seen as the job of each person involved, from sponsor to caregiver, chaplains serve an integral role. Their unique perspective and training can be crucial to successfully fostering an organizational culture based on the values that Jesus portrayed in the Gospels.
|
['Catholicism', 'Commerce', 'Hospitals, Religious', 'Humans', 'Industry', 'Leadership', 'Motivation', 'Organizational Culture', 'Social Values', 'Spirituality', 'United States', 'Workplace']
| 15,926,420
|
[['K01.844.188.250'], ['J01.219'], ['N02.278.421.481.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.576'], ['F01.752.609'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['N04.452.606'], ['F01.829.873'], ['F02.880.705', 'K01.844.664.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Olfaction and the homing ability of pigeons raised in a tropical area in Brazil.
|
Several workers have investigated the effect of anosmia on pigeon navigation in different geographical locations because it has been suggested that homing behavior is based on different cues, such as olfactory cues, the Earth's magnetic field or infrasound, and that in the absence of one cue another would be used. In this situation, no cue is universally indispensable, including olfactory ones. In order to extend such observations to a novel biome, we observed the behaviour of 192 young inexperienced birds raised in southeastern Brazil, a tropical area where olfactory tests had never been run before. The birds were released from eight symmetrically distributed sites 17 to 44 km from the loft. Half of these birds (experimentals) had been made temporarily anosmic by washing their olfactory mucosae with 4% solution of ZnSO4 the day before release, while controls were treated with Ringer solution. The results of release tests showed that anosmia totally impaired the navigational performance of experimental birds, which were unable to home from sites at relatively short distances from home (34-44 km) and whose pooled initial bearings produced a (negative) homeward component not significantly different from 0. Homing performance of controls was significantly better, and their pooled vanishing bearings had a significant homeward component, in spite of much scatter in individual releases. We conclude that pigeon homing in the study area depends on olfactory information, even though local environmental conditions in the interior of the State of Sao Paulo, as in several other parts of the world, do not appear to be as favorable as Italy for the development of efficient olfactory navigation.
|
['Animals', 'Brazil', 'Columbidae', 'Cues', 'Environment', 'Homing Behavior', 'Olfaction Disorders', 'Orientation', 'Smell']
| 15,562,449
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.165.150'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['F01.145.113.646'], ['C10.597.751.600', 'C23.888.592.763.550'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['F02.830.816.643', 'G11.561.790.643']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness, and Engagement Scale: A Tool for Measuring Attachment Behaviors in Clinical Couples.
|
Measuring attachment behaviors is relevant to creating secure couple relationships. This article seeks to test and examine the reliability and validity of the Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness, and Engagement (BARE) Scale-a practical measure of couple attachment-in a clinical sample. Couples took the BARE and other assessments measuring relationship functioning (self and partner reports of relationship satisfaction, relationship stability, positive and negative communication, and attachment styles). Results suggest that the BARE appears to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing couple attachment and can accurately predict and classify whether the couples belong in the clinical or nonclinical group, as well as their level of relationship satisfaction. Results also indicate attachment behaviors are related to relationship outcomes.
|
['Adult', 'Communication', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Object Attachment', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Psychometrics', 'Spouses', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 26,748,730
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.739.794.624'], ['F01.145.677'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F01.829.263.500.660', 'I01.880.853.150.500.670', 'M01.816'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
MICROPERIMETRY IN BEST VITELLIFORM MACULAR DYSTROPHY.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate retinal sensitivity in eyes with all the clinical stages of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (VMD).METHODS: Thirty-two patients affected by VMD in subclinical, vitelliform, pseudohypopyon, vitelliruptive, and atrophic stages were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. Patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including determination of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), staging of the disease (Gass's classification), and microperimetry by means of the macular integrity assessment microperimeter. The primary outcome measure was to describe the alterations in the retinal sensitivity of eyes affected by VMD in different stages. Secondary outcome measures included correlations between retinal sensitivity and best-corrected visual acuity and the correlation between the VMD stage and the specific microperimetry pattern.RESULTS: Mean retinal sensitivity was reduced in all the VMD stages. Nevertheless, vitelliform, pseudohypopyon, and vitelliruptive stages turned out to be very similar, especially within 10°. Fixation was classified as stable in 27 eyes (44.2%), relatively unstable in 16 eyes (26.2%), and unstable in 18 eyes (29.5%). Fixation stability correlated both with the disease stage and best-corrected visual acuity.CONCLUSION: VMD is characterized by complex microperimetric abnormalities, involving the whole macular area. Microperimetry may contribute to the global clinical assessment of patients affected by VMD and could be used in future therapeutic approaches.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Fixation, Ocular', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Scotoma', 'Visual Acuity', 'Visual Field Tests', 'Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy', 'Young Adult']
| 28,301,340
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G14.350.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C10.597.751.941.811', 'C11.966.811', 'C23.888.592.763.941.811'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['E01.370.380.850.962'], ['C11.768.585.439.433', 'C16.320.290.763'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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