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Technology assessment status evaluation: endoscopic band ligation of varices.
|
On the basis of limited available data, band ligation appears to be effective for control of active esophageal variceal bleeding and for prevention of recurrent bleeding. It has minimal morbidity and no reported mortality. Preliminary results of a randomized-trial comparing this technique to sclerotherapy show comparable efficacy but band ligation may carry a lower complication rate. Long-term results of ligation are pending.
|
['Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Esophageal and Gastric Varices', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Ligation', 'Safety', 'Societies, Medical', 'Technology Assessment, Biomedical', 'United States']
| 1,756,943
|
[['E01.370.372.250.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250', 'E04.210.240.250', 'E04.502.250.250.250'], ['C06.405.117.240', 'C06.552.494.414'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.426'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['N03.540.828.589'], ['N03.880', 'N05.715.360.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
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|
Unchanged incidence and prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the canton of Z?rich.
|
The incidence and prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was determined for the canton of Z?rich over the ten year period 1981-1990. The annual incidence rate was found to be 0.92 per 100,000 population, while the prevalence rate was 3.88 per 100,000 population, with a preponderance for males. Strong yearly fluctuations in the number of newly detected cases average out over the whole period with no trends of increased incidence. Data are within the range as reported from other industrialized countries.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Switzerland', 'Urban Population']
| 7,569,835
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.854.139', 'C10.574.562.250', 'C10.574.950.050', 'C10.668.467.250', 'C18.452.845.800.050'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
| 1
|
Relationship between metabolism and composition of low density lipoproteins in rabbits on semi-purified diet.
|
The metabolism of 125I-labelled apoprotein of low density lipoproteins was studied in rabbits fed either commercial or semi-purified, cholesterol-free, diet. The rise in apo-LDL intravascular pool size observed in the semi-purified group is accompanied by a marked decrease in the fractional catabolic rate and an increase in the total catabolic rate. The semi-purified diet induces an increase in the cholesterol ester/triglyceride ratio of the LDL which is normalized by cholestyramine therapy. The concomitant alterations in both LDL metabolism and lipid composition raise the possibility that enrichment of LDL in cholesterol esters is a consequence of the delayed LDL clearance from the plasma.
|
['Animals', 'Apoproteins', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Cholestyramine Resin', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Male', 'Rabbits']
| 6,615,244
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.070'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.225', 'D10.212.302.347', 'D10.570.938.208.222'], ['D05.750.716.579.159', 'D25.720.716.579.159', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579.159'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity of probiotic bacteria against oral pathogens.
|
In this study, three lactic acid bacteria (LAB), isolated from barley, traditional dried meat and fermented olive were characterized and tested for their anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activities against oral bacteria. Our results revealed that the tested LAB were ã-hemolytic and were susceptible to four antibiotics. All the strains were resistant to low pH, bile salt, pepsin and pancreatin. Furthermore, FB2 displayed a high aut-oaggregative phenotype (99.54%) while FF2 exhibited the best co-aggregation rate. Concerning the microbial adhesion to solvent, FB2 was the most hydrophobic strain (data obtained with chloroform and n-hexadecane). In addition Pediococcus pentosaceus FB2 and Lactobacillus brevis FF2 displayed a significant inhibitory effect against Streptococcus salivarius B468 (MIC = 10%). Moreover the selected strains were able to inhibit biofilm formation of Bacillus cereus ATCC14579 (MBIC50 = 28.16%) and S. salivarius B468 (MBIC50 = 42.28%). The selected LAB could be considered as candidate probiotics for further application in functional food and mainly in the prevention of oral diseases.
|
['Antibiosis', 'Bacillus cereus', 'Biofilms', 'Food Microbiology', 'Hordeum', 'Lactobacillales', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mouth', 'Probiotics', 'Streptococcus salivarius']
| 27,317,856
|
[['G06.550.050', 'G16.062'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.252', 'B03.353.500.100.218.252', 'B03.510.100.100.218.252', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.252', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.252'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['B03.353.750', 'B03.510.550'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['G07.203.300.456.500', 'J02.500.456.500'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.663', 'B03.510.400.800.872.663', 'B03.510.550.737.872.663']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Ventrogluteal Site Injections in the Mental Health Setting: A Comprehensive Educational Program.
|
Adoption of the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injections has been limited in mental health settings despite its decreased risk of sciatic nerve injury and its promotion as best practice among student nurses. At a center for addiction and mental health in Toronto, Canada, registered practical nurses followed a competency checklist in a simulation setting and then observed and administered supervised ventrogluteal injections in clinical settings. This article describes the comprehensive educational program and its outcomes in practice.
|
['Buttocks', 'Canada', 'Clinical Competence', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Licensed Practical Nurses', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Simulation Training']
| 28,252,484
|
[['A01.378.610.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['M01.526.485.067.450', 'N02.360.067.450'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['I02.903.847']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Fentanyl concentrations in brain and serum during respiratory acid--base changes in the dog.
|
It is a clinical impression that less fentanyl is needed for anesthesia during hyperventilation and hypocarbia. If true, it might be due to both increased penetration of fentanyl, a highly lipid-soluble agent, into the brain and increased brain tissue binding. Serum and brain concentrations of fentanyl were determined in dogs anesthetized with halothane during normocarbia, hypocarbia by hyperventilation, and hypercarbia by addition of CO2 to the inspired mixture. Fentanyl, 12.5 micrograms/kg, was injected iv, and serum and brain samples were taken for fentanyl analysis by radioimmunoassay. Brain fentanyl values peaked latest (15--20 min) and were highest during hypocarbia; brain fentanyl values peaked earliest (0--5 min) and were lowest during hypercarbia; values during normocarbia were intermediate in time to peak (10--15 min) and concentration. Thereafter, brain levels declined, but during hypocarbia were significantly higher and during hypercarbia were significantly lower than during normocarbia. Interestingly, serum fentanyl levels were also significantly higher during hypocarbia. The brain--blood fentanyl ratios for each of the three CO2 levels increased for 30 min and thereafter stayed relatively constant. The brain--blood ratios were highest with hypocarbia and lowest with hypercarbia. At 35 min, when clinical analgesia may be considered terminated, hypocarbic brain levels were double those of normocarbia. The authors feel this reflects, to a large extent, higher serum fentanyl concentrations and delayed cerebral wash-out because of decreased blood flow. To a small but unknown extent the higher brain fentanyl levels result from increased brain--blood penetration due to increased lipid solubility, and increased brain tissue binding of fentanyl during respiratory alkalosis.
|
['Alkalosis, Respiratory', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Animals', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain', 'Dogs', 'Fentanyl', 'Half-Life', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Hypercapnia', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Solubility', 'Time Factors']
| 39,475
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
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|
Short implants in maxillary and mandibular rehabilitations: interim results (6 to 42 months) of a prospective study.
|
The aim of this single-cohort study was to evaluate clinical survival and success of partial rehabilitation supported by reduced-length implants in maxilla and mandible. Data from 53 short implants placed in 41 patients are presented. Before surgery mean residual bone height was 6.21 ± 1.05 mm in the upper jaw and 10.73 ± 1.63 mm in the mandible. None of the implants failed, and the cumulative survival rate was 100% at 1 year after prosthetic loading. Mean peri-implant bone loss was 0.69 ± 0.24 mm for maxillary implants and 0.73 ± 0.23 mm for mandibular implants, and there was no significant difference between the 2 jaws. No complications were recorded. Despite the limitations of this study concerning study design and sample size, short implants may be considered effective in supporting partial rehabilitation in both maxilla and mandible. More well-designed studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed to validate the use of short implants.
|
['Alveolar Bone Loss', 'Alveolar Process', 'Cohort Studies', 'Dental Implantation, Endosseous', 'Dental Implants', 'Dental Implants, Single-Tooth', 'Dental Prosthesis Design', 'Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Jaw, Edentulous', 'Jaw, Edentulous, Partially', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Maxilla', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,413,769
|
[['C05.116.264.150', 'C07.465.714.354.500'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.125', 'A14.521.125', 'A14.549.167.646.094'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E04.545.550.280.280', 'E04.650.230.500', 'E06.645.550.280.280', 'E06.780.314.310'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['E06.780.346.593.185', 'E07.695.185.185'], ['E06.780.346.625', 'E06.912.145'], ['E06.780.346.706', 'E07.695.190.185'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.500.480', 'C07.320.550', 'C07.465.550.425', 'C07.793.597.425'], ['C05.500.480.450', 'C07.320.550.450', 'C07.465.550.425.450', 'C07.793.597.425.450'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Post-mortem changes in cytochemical localization and enzymological measurement of marker enzymes of the mitochondria, SDH and Mg-ATPase, of porcine muscle stored at 4 degrees C, -18 degrees C, or -80 degrees C.
|
As a series of studies on postmortem changes in the fine structure of porcine muscle, activity of two mitochondrial marker enzymes, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and magnesium dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Mg-ATPase), was measured and localized in cardiac, red and white muscles stored at 4 degrees C, -18 degrees C or -80 degrees C. The postmortem loss of SDH activity was most remarkable in cardiac muscle. The variation of SDH activity was proportional to the amount of absolute activity. The postmortem change of Mg-ATPase was more variable than SFH, though the activity was well preserved up to 15 weeks in all three types of porcine muscle stored at -80 degrees C. The loss of Mg-ATPase was most remarkable in red muscle stored at -18 degrees C or -80 degrees C. Cytochemical localization of SDH was between the outer and the inner mitochondrial membranes while that of Mg-ATPase was on the inner surface or matrix side of the inner membrane. Those localization was not altered by the difference in temperature and the duration of storage.
|
['Animals', 'Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase', 'Mitochondria, Heart', 'Mitochondria, Muscle', 'Postmortem Changes', 'Succinate Dehydrogenase', 'Swine', 'Temperature', 'Tissue Preservation']
| 2,138,522
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.095'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627.603', 'A11.284.835.626.627.603'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627', 'A11.284.835.626.627'], ['C23.550.260.224.617'], ['D05.500.562.750.249.500', 'D08.811.600.250.500.750.500', 'D08.811.600.250.875.249.500', 'D08.811.682.660.385.500', 'D08.811.682.830.249.500', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.909.500', 'D12.776.331.199.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.500.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.875.249.500', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.141.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760', 'E02.792.833', 'E05.200.500.620.760', 'E05.200.750.600.760', 'E05.760.833']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Improving healthcare through digital connection? Findings from a qualitative study about patient portals in New Zealand.
|
Research has shown that patient portals can improve patient-provider communication and patient satisfaction. Yet few studies have examined patient portals in New Zealand. In this study, GPs from nine primary care practices were interviewed using a semi-structured interview technique to ascertain how they thought patient portals influence the delivery of primary healthcare. The interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. The three themes detected were: patient portal usage, health information seeking and the changing consultation. Although most of the participants indicated that patient portals are not being effectively utilised, they were optimistic about the role of information technology in primary healthcare for providing accurate information and to connect with patients in modern terms. Participants reported that some patients have become more informed and compliant with medical treatments and interventions after using patient portals. It seems that patient portals have the potential to enhance patient-provider relationships and help patients manage more aspects of their health care.
|
['Adult', 'Electronic Health Records', 'Female', 'Health Communication', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'New Zealand', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Patient Portals', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Primary Health Care', 'Qualitative Research', 'Referral and Consultation']
| 30,149,829
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500', 'N04.452.859.564.650.125', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530.250', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625.250'], ['L01.143.350', 'N02.208'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.249.750'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['N04.452.758.849']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Uninsured children and adults.
|
Almost 40 million U.S. residents do not have health insurance. A summary of various government and private agency reports is provided in an effort to increase a practitioner's awareness of the demographic distribution of the uninsured in our communities.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Employment', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Insurance, Dental', 'Male', 'Medical Assistance', 'Medically Uninsured', 'Middle Aged', 'Residence Characteristics', 'United States']
| 8,893,985
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N01.824.245'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.450'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564'], ['M01.385'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Insufficient sleep and fitness to drive in shift workers: A systematic literature review.
|
BACKGROUND: Insufficient sleep, <6.5 h per night, majorly affects shift workers, placing them at higher risk for motor vehicle crash related injury or fatality. While systematic reviews (SLRs) examine the effects of insufficient sleep and driving, to date, no SLR focuses on driver fitness or performance in shift workers.OBJECTIVES: Determine the class of evidence (Class I-highest to Class IV-lowest), and level of confidence (Level A-high, to Level U-insufficient) in the determinants of driver fitness and performance in shift workers. Next, consider evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice, research, and policy.METHODS: A protocol was registered on PROSPERO (#CRD42018052905) using an established SLR methodology: a comprehensive electronic database search, study selection, data extraction, critical appraisal, analysis, and interpretation using published guidelines.RESULTS: Searches identified 1226 unique records with 11(2 on-road, 9 simulator) meeting final inclusion criteria. Class III to IV evidence identified that exposure to overnight shift work possibly predicts (Level C confidence) drivers at risk for adverse on-road outcomes and likely predicts (Level B) drivers at risk for adverse driving simulator outcomes. Higher ratings of subjective sleepiness and extended time driving possibly predict (Level C) drivers at risk for adverse driving simulator outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a low to moderate level of confidence in the determinants of driving in shift workers. A critical need exists for gold-standard on-road assessments integrating complex driving environments representative of real-world demands, targeting tactical and strategic outcomes in a broad spectrum of shift workers.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Adult', 'Automobile Driving', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Sleepiness', 'Wakefulness', 'Work Schedule Tolerance']
| 31,443,915
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I03.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['C23.888.900'], ['F02.830.104.821', 'G11.561.035.738'], ['I03.946.225.375', 'N04.452.677.650.375']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
Activity of ecdysone analogs in enhancing N-acetylglucosamine incorporation into the cultured integument of Chilo suppressalis.
|
Ecdysone analogs with various side chains at the 17-position of the steroid structure enhanced the incorporation of N-acetylglucosamine as 20-hydroxyecdysone into the cultured integument prepared from Chilo suppressalis. Their activity in terms of the concentration required to give 50% of the maximum response varied with the structure. Piperonyl butoxide, an inhibitor of oxidation metabolism, did not enhance the in vitro effect of the compounds. The order of potency was ponasterone A > 20-hydroxyecdysone > cyasterone > inokosterone > makisterone A >> ecdysone.
|
['Acetylglucosamine', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chitin', 'Cholestanes', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drosophila', 'Ecdysone', 'Insect Hormones', 'Lepidoptera', 'Piperonyl Butoxide', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 7,570,713
|
[['D09.067.342.531.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.139', 'D09.698.211'], ['D04.210.500.247'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.265.165.500', 'D06.472.445.573.271.500'], ['D06.472.445.573'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937'], ['D03.383.246.118.600', 'D03.633.100.115.600'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
|
Ancient antagonism between CELF and RBFOX families tunes mRNA splicing outcomes.
|
Over 95% of human multi-exon genes undergo alternative splicing, a process important in normal development and often dysregulated in disease. We sought to analyze the global splicing regulatory network of CELF2 in human T cells, a well-studied splicing regulator critical to T cell development and function. By integrating high-throughput sequencing data for binding and splicing quantification with sequence features and probabilistic splicing code models, we find evidence of splicing antagonism between CELF2 and the RBFOX family of splicing factors. We validate this functional antagonism through knockdown and overexpression experiments in human cells and find CELF2 represses RBFOX2 mRNA and protein levels. Because both families of proteins have been implicated in the development and maintenance of neuronal, muscle, and heart tissues, we analyzed publicly available data in these systems. Our analysis suggests global, antagonistic coregulation of splicing by the CELF and RBFOX proteins in mouse muscle and heart in several physiologically relevant targets, including proteins involved in calcium signaling and members of the MEF2 family of transcription factors. Importantly, a number of these coregulated events are aberrantly spliced in mouse models and human patients with diseases that affect these tissues, including heart failure, diabetes, or myotonic dystrophy. Finally, analysis of exons regulated by ancient CELF family homologs in chicken, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans suggests this antagonism is conserved throughout evolution.
|
['Alternative Splicing', 'Animals', 'CELF Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Mice', 'Muscles', 'Myotonic Dystrophy', 'RNA Splicing Factors']
| 28,512,194
|
[['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.725.813.250', 'D12.776.664.962.813.250'], ['A11.251'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['C05.651.534.500.500', 'C05.651.662.750', 'C10.574.500.547', 'C10.668.491.175.500.500', 'C10.668.491.606.750', 'C16.320.400.542', 'C16.320.577.500'], ['D12.776.157.725.829', 'D12.776.664.962.829']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Co-composting of spent coffee ground with olive mill wastewater sludge and poultry manure and effect of Trametes versicolor inoculation on the compost maturity.
|
The co-composting of spent coffee grounds, olive mill wastewater sludge and poultry manure was investigated on a semi-industrial scale. In order to reduce the toxicity of the phenolic fraction and to improve the degree of composting humification, composts were inoculated with the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor in the early stages of the maturation phase. During composting, a range of physico-chemical parameters (temperature and both organic matter and C/N reduction), total organic carbon, total nitrogen, elemental composition, lignin degradation and spectroscopic characteristics of the humic acids (HAs) were determined; impacts of the composting process on germination index of Hordeum vulgare and Lactuca sativa were assessed. The coffee waste proved to be a highly compostable feedstock, resulting in mature final compost with a germination index of 120% in less than 5 months composting. In addition, inoculation with T. versicolor led to a greater degree of aromatization of HA than in the control pile. Moreover, in the inoculated mixture, lignin degradation was three times greater and HA increased by 30% (P<0.05), compared to the control pile. In the T. versicolor inoculated mixture, the averages of C and N were significantly enhanced in the HA molecules (P<0.05), by 26% and 22%, respectively. This improvement in the degree of humification was confirmed by the ratio of optical densities of HA solutions at 465 and 665 nm which was lower for HA from the treated mixture (4.5) than that from the control pile (5.4).
|
['Animals', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Carbon', 'Coffee', 'Hordeum', 'Humic Substances', 'Industrial Waste', 'Lettuce', 'Lignin', 'Manure', 'Nitrogen', 'Olive Oil', 'Plant Oils', 'Polyphenols', 'Poultry', 'Sewage', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Temperature', 'Trametes', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid']
| 22,537,889
|
[['B01.050'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D01.268.150'], ['D20.215.784.249', 'G07.203.100.325', 'J02.200.325'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['D02.241.444', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.377', 'D20.721.500'], ['D20.944.420', 'N06.850.460.710.420'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.500'], ['D05.750.078.562.180.515', 'D05.750.078.687', 'D20.538', 'D25.720.099.687', 'J01.637.051.720.099.687'], ['D20.601'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D10.212.302.380.580', 'D10.212.507.650', 'D10.627.700.728', 'G07.203.300.375.400.500', 'J02.500.375.400.500'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['B01.050.050.116.625', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690', 'G07.203.300.600.750', 'J02.500.600.750'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['B01.300.179.120.174.850'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[The hamster's larynx as an experimental model].
|
A macroscopic study and with light microscopy as well is performed in the larynx of 4 hamsters. Morphology of hamster's larynx is described. Transitional epithelium is found out on the epiglottis base and caudally to the vocal cords. Hamster's larynx may be a good model for experimental study of changes during carcinogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Larynx', 'Mesocricetus']
| 9,549,151
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A04.329'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Upregulation of canonical transient receptor potential channel in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle of a chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension rat model.
|
Chronic ligation of the left main pulmonary artery (PA) results in pulmonary vascular remodeling and sustained vasoconstriction. This method has been used to generate a postobstructive pulmonary vasculopathy model to mimic severe chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The aim of this study was to examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying CTEPH and to provide evidence for potential treatments. The CTEPH rat model was induced by surgical left PA ligation (LPAL). Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), lung histochemistry and plasma D-dimer measurements were carried out to evaluate the model. A fluorescence microscope was used to measure the basal intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in rat distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells through a Fura-2 fluorescence-based method. The expression of the canonical transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) and TRPC6 was determined by western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR in isolated distal pulmonary arteries (PA). At the time points of 2 and 5 weeks postsurgery, the RVSP showed significant increases in the LPAL groups in comparison with the respective control groups. LPAL also led to right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), distal pulmonary arterial remodeling in unobstructed territories and persistently higher plasma D-dimer levels. Increases of the basal [Ca(2+)]i and SOCE in LPAL were associated with a clear upregulation of TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression in the distal PA. Our study demonstrated that LPAL successfully reproduced the vascular tone changes that mimic CTEPH pathogenesis. In this model, the increased RVSP and RVH are likely related to enhanced SOCE and upregulated TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression levels in the distal PA.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Chronic Disease', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'TRPC Cation Channels', 'Up-Regulation']
| 26,155,749
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D12.776.124.270.300', 'D12.776.811.300.290'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901.500'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reprogrammed marrow adipocytes contribute to myeloma-induced bone disease.
|
Osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma are caused by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and reduced bone formation. A unique feature of myeloma is a failure of bone healing after successful treatment. We observed adipocytes on trabecular bone near the resorbed area in successfully treated patients. Normal marrow adipocytes, when cocultured with myeloma cells, were reprogrammed and produced adipokines that activate osteoclastogenesis and suppress osteoblastogenesis. These adipocytes have reduced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ã (PPARã) mediated by recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which modifies PPARã promoter methylation at trimethyl lysine-27 histone H3. We confirmed the importance of methylation in the PPARã promoter by demonstrating that adipocyte-specific knockout of EZH2, a member of the PRC2, prevents adipocyte reprogramming and reverses bone changes in a mouse model. We validated the strong correlation between the frequency of bone lesions and the expression of EZH2 in marrow adipocytes from patients in remission. These results define a role for adipocytes in genesis of myeloma-associated bone disease and that reversal of adipocyte reprogramming has therapeutic implications.
|
['Adipocytes', 'Adipokines', 'Animals', 'Bone Diseases', 'Bone Marrow', 'Bone Resorption', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cellular Reprogramming', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Down-Regulation', 'Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'Methylation', 'Mice', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteogenesis', 'PPAR gamma', 'Polycomb Repressive Complex 2', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Remission Induction', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sp1 Transcription Factor', 'Up-Regulation']
| 31,142,679
|
[['A11.329.114'], ['D06.472.699.042', 'D12.644.276.024', 'D12.644.548.011', 'D12.776.467.024', 'D23.529.024'], ['B01.050'], ['C05.116'], ['A15.382.216'], ['C05.116.264', 'G11.427.213.150'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.152.262', 'G05.135'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['D05.500.781.750.250', 'D08.811.913.555.500.800.200.500.500.500', 'D12.776.660.235.600.200.250', 'D12.776.664.235.800.200.250', 'D12.776.930.780.890.200.250'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['A11.329.629'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D05.500.781.750', 'D08.811.913.555.500.800.200.500.500', 'D12.776.660.235.600.200', 'D12.776.664.235.800.200', 'D12.776.930.780.890.200'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E02.860'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.260.522.750.249', 'D12.776.930.375.750.249'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative neuropsychological effects of carbamazepine and eslicarbazepine acetate.
|
People with epilepsy are at increased risk for neuropsychological dysfunction due to multiple factors, of which the most amendable are antiseizure medications (ASMs). Antiseizure medication effectiveness is frequently determined by tolerability. In this study, we compared the neuropsychological effects of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) and carbamazepine immediate-release (CBZ) using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design in healthy volunteers with a 2-week titration and 4-week maintenance phase in each treatment arm (CBZ = 400 mg BID and ESL = 800 mg qAM). Neuropsychological testing was performed at the initial visit, repeated at 1st baseline nondrug condition, end treatment #1, 2nd nondrug condition one month after treatment #1, end treatment #2, and 3rd nondrug condition one month after treatment #2. Neuropsychological testing was conducted 2 h after morning dose and included computer (i.e., dual task test, selective attention test, symbol digit, verbal memory, visuospatial memory, and 1- & 2-back continuous performance) and noncomputer tasks (i.e., Medical College of Georgia (MCG) paragraph memory, Stroop, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Profile of Mood States). z-Scores calculated from nondrug conditions were used to compare ESL and CBZ for the 23 completers. Follow-up analyses included individual test scores and distribution of individual raw means. Mean blood levels on test day were CBZ = 8.9 ìg/ml and ESL = 15.3 ìg/ml. Omnibus z-score was significantly better for ESL (p = .0001). For individual measures, executive function and selective attention tests were statistically significantly better for ESL. Individual test raw means favored ESL over CBZ on 22 of 30 measures (p = .016, 2-tailed sign test). Eslicarbazepine acetate demonstrated less adverse neuropsychological effects than CBZ.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Affect', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Attention', 'Carbamazepine', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Dibenzazepines', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Spatial Memory', 'Stroop Test', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 30,939,410
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['D03.633.300.240.127'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D03.633.300.240'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F02.463.425.540.886'], ['F04.711.513.703'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A comparative study of uncertainty, optimism and anxiety in patients receiving their first implantable defibrillator for primary or secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death.
|
BACKGROUND: Increasingly, patients are receiving implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) for prevention of sudden cardiac death. ICDs are implanted for primary prevention (patients at risk for ventricular arrhythmia [PP]) and secondary prevention (patients who have had/survived a sustained ventricular arrhythmia or cardiac arrest [SP]). Few prospective studies have examined psychosocial factors associated with these patients.OBJECTIVES: To determine if patients receiving their first ICD for PP versus SP differed in uncertainty, anxiety, and optimism, before, 1 week, and 1 month after implant.DESIGN: Prospective, descriptive, correlational pilot.PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Fifteen PP and 15 SP patients receiving their first ICD were enrolled. Mean ages (+/- SD) were 65.7+/-11.3 and 67.9+/-7.7 respectively.METHODS: Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS-C), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) were taken pre-implant, at the first post-implant visit, and at 1 month. Measures were compared using Student't-tests and ANOVA.RESULTS: Pre-implant, both groups had moderately high MUIS-C scores (mean+/-SD; PP=67.67+/-13.36; SP=70.27+/-6.80; t=0.67; t(df)=28; p=0.507). LOT-R scores were 15.67+/-3.8 for PP and 16.47+/-3.6 for SP; t=0.59; t(df)=28; p=0.557. Pre-implant state anxiety scores were (mean PP=37.40+/-10.0, SP=37.73+/-13.6; t=0.076; t(df)=28; p=0.940). At 1-month PP patients had significantly lower uncertainty scores than the SP group (mean 62.33+/-4.17 versus 67.87+/-4.61; t=3.45; t(df)=28; p=0.002). A main effect for time, between pre-implant and 1-month, was found for uncertainty (F(2,56)=3.26; p<0.05) and state anxiety (F(2,56)=3.61, p<0.05), where both groups showed lower scores.CONCLUSION: This study identified moderately high uncertainty in PP and SP patients prior to receiving their ICD. Though uncertainty was high, both groups reported an optimistic disposition and normal anxiety. At 1-month, SP patients had higher uncertainty scores than PP patients. This post-intervention uncertainty among patients who experienced an arrhythmic event warrants attention from nurses caring for ICD patients. Interventions to ameliorate uncertainty should be tailored to consider ICD indication.
|
['Aged', 'Anxiety', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Prospective Studies', 'Uncertainty']
| 20,064,639
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.900', 'F02.463.785.373.820', 'G17.680.875', 'N05.715.360.750.625.850', 'N06.850.520.830.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Urinary infection before and after prostatectomy.
|
To determine the prevalence of pre and post prostatectomy related urinary tract infection and its correlation with peri-operative events, we studied 120 patients who underwent prostatectomy due to benign prostatic hypertrophy from September 2005 to September 2006. Urine cultures were performed before the operations, after a week, and three months later. Data including prostate volume, prostatic specific antigen (PSA), post voiding residue (PVR) and histopathological reports as well as the duration of urinary leak, bladder irrigation, hospitalization, and catheterization were studied. The mean age of the studied patients was 70.5 +/- 8 years. Significant preoperative bacteriuria was revealed in 18 (15%) patients of whom 14(77%) patients developed negative cultures following the operation. Postoperative bacteriuria was detected in 9(7.5%) patients who negative urine cultures preoperatively. Pre and post operative micro-organisms were different in the majority of the cases. The mean PSA was higher in patients with a positive history of infection. Following prostatectomy, patients with positive urine cultures had significantly longer urinary leakage, catheterization, and hospital stays compared with those who remained culture negative. We conclude that the incidence of positive urine culture pri-prostatectomy for BPH can be improved by appropriate antibiotic therapy, and the risk factors for postoperative urinary infection include preoperative infection, prolonged urinary leakage, catheterization, and hospital stay. The elevated PSA may be a risk factor.
|
['Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Iran', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Up-Regulation', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Urine']
| 20,228,515
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C12.294.565.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An upgraded method to relocate marked shoots of the seagrass Zostera marina.
|
This paper presents a new method for the recovery of marked seagrass blades. The introduction of a plastic belt surrounding the marked shoot at a sediment level provided a relocation arrangement which was unloosed by drag forces or grazing. The relocation method was tested on Zostera marina L. It proved to have the advantage of increasing dramatically the number of marked shoots recovered up to 100% while reducing the cost of the procedure to a minimum. An allometric model indicated that the introduced relocation method has no impact on the development of the plant.
|
['Botany', 'Plant Leaves', 'Poaceae', 'Seawater']
| 11,487,937
|
[['H01.158.273.118'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['G16.500.275.725.500']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Malignant external otitis versus acute external otitis.
|
Malignant External Otitis (MEO) and Acute External Otitis (AEO) are clinically very similar in their beginnings. It is important to differentiate between them very early. Bone scanning is the best diagnostic tool. Eight cases of AEO and MEO are herewith presented.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Debridement', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Ear, External', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Otitis Externa', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Technetium']
| 3,106,546
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E02.186'], ['E04.176'], ['E01.171'], ['A09.246.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C09.218.705.496'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D01.268.271.870', 'D01.268.556.843', 'D01.268.956.875', 'D01.496.749.305.870', 'D01.552.544.843']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanism-based pharmacodynamic modeling of the interaction of midazolam, bretazenil, and zolpidem with ethanol.
|
The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of ethanol with the full benzodiazepine agonist midazolam, the partial agonist bretazenil and the benzodiazepine BZ1 receptor subtype selective agonist zolpidem have been determined in the rat in vivo, using an integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic approach. Ethanol was administered as a constant rate infusion resulting in constant plasma concentrations of 0.5 g/l. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of midazolam, bretazenil, and zolpidem were determined following an intravenous infusion of 5.0, 2.5, and 18 mg/kg respectively. The amplitude in the 11.5-30 Hz frequency band of the EEG was used as measure of the pharmacological effect. For each of the benzodiazepines the concentration-EEG effect relationship could be described by the sigmoid Emax pharmacodynamic model. Significant differences in both EC50 and Emax were observed. The values of the EC50 were 76 +/- 11, 12 +/- 3, and 512 +/- 116 ng/ml for midazolam, bretazenil, and zolpidem respectively. The values of the Emax were 113 +/- 9, 44 +/- 3, and 175 +/- 10 microV/s. In the presence of ethanol the values of the EC50 of midazolam and zolpidem were reduced to approximately 50% of the original value. The values for Emax and Hill-factor were unchanged Due to a large interindividual variability no significant change in EC50 was observed for bretazenil. Analysis of the data on basis of a mechanism-based model showed only a decrease in the apparent affinity constant KPD for all three drugs, indicating that changes in EC50 can be explained entirely by a change in the apparent affinity constant KPD without concomitant changes in the efficacy parameter ePD and the stimulus-effect relationship. The findings of this study show that the pharmacodynamic interactions with a low dose of ethanol in vivo are qualitatively and quantitatively similar for benzodiazepine receptor full agonists, partial agonists, and benzodiazepine BZ1 receptor subtype selective agonists. This interaction can be explained entirely by a change in the affinity of the biological system for each benzodiazepine.
|
['Animals', 'Benzodiazepinones', 'Drug Interactions', 'Electroencephalography', 'Ethanol', 'Male', 'Midazolam', 'Models, Biological', 'Protein Binding', 'Pyridines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Zolpidem']
| 12,449,497
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.575'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D03.383.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D03.383.725.971']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The emergence of nonverbal joint attention and requesting skills in young children with autism.
|
UNLABELLED: Joint attention (JA) skills are deficient in children with autism; however, children with autism seem to vary in the degree to which they display joint attention. Joint attention skills refer to verbal and nonverbal skills used to share experiences with others. They include gestures such as pointing, coordinated looks between objects and people, and showing. Some nonverbal gestures are used to request rather than merely to share. These requesting gestures include reaching, pointing to request, and giving to gain assistance. Although these skills also relate to expressive language development, we know little about when they emerge and how they change as language develops in children with autism. Several studies report the emergence of nonverbal requests in children with autism to be similar to that of typically developing children, but other studies report impairments in such skills. This study investigates the emergence of nonverbal JA and requesting skills in typically developing children and in children with autism with expressive language ages between 12 and 60 months, using both a both cross-sectional and a longitudinal design. Results suggest that the sequence of JA skill emergence in autism differs from a normative model, while the sequence of requesting skills emerges in accord with typical development. Furthermore, several joint attention skills appeared to emerge later than in typical children. With regards to intervention it appears that a curriculum based on a normative developmental model for the emergence of requesting skills is mostly appropriate for use with children with autism. However, since children with autism acquired nonverbal joint attention skills in a sequence that differed from a normative model, it might be that a non-normative autism-specific joint attention curriculum would be more likely to benefit children with autism.LEARNING OUTCOMES: The reader will (1) identify 3 specific initiating gestures used to communicate for the purpose of joint attention, (2) identify 2 specific nonverbal responsive joint attention skills, (3) be able to state that children with autism appear to develop specific nonverbal requesting gestures in a similar sequence to typically developing children, (4) be able to state that children with autism appear to develop specific nonverbal joint attention gestures in a different sequence than that of typically developing children, and (5) be able to identify 2 specific nonverbal joint attention skills that appear significantly impaired in children with autism relative to typically developing children.
|
['Attention', 'Autistic Disorder', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language Tests', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Nonverbal Communication', 'Social Adjustment']
| 21,907,346
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['F03.625.164.113.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513.240'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F01.145.209.530', 'L01.143.649'], ['F01.145.813.621']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Renal encephalopathy in a cow.
|
A 14-month-old Holstein heifer collapsed suddenly and died. Significant gross post mortem findings were limited to the kidneys. Histopathological examination revealed a severe, chronic, diffuse, interstitial nephritis. Microscopic examination of the brain revealed a multifocal spongiform encephalopathy, closely resembling that seen in cattle with hepatic encephalopathy. As is well recognized in man, this is a case of encephalopathy resulting from renal failure.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Brain Diseases', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Female', 'Kidney']
| 4,053,611
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['A05.810.453']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced alterations of prostanoid synthesis in human endothelial cells.
|
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) are a group of secondary plant metabolites belonging to the most widely distributed natural toxins. PA intoxication of humans leads to severe liver damage, such as hepatomegaly, hepatic necrosis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. An acute consequence observed after ingestion of high amounts of PA is veno-occlusive disease (VOD) where the hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells are affected. However, the mechanisms leading to VOD after PA intoxication remain predominantly unknown. Thus, we investigated PA-induced molecular effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). We compared the effects of PA with the effects of PA metabolites obtained by in vitro metabolism using liver homogenate (S9 fraction). In vitro-metabolized lasiocarpine and senecionine resulted in significant cytotoxic effects in HUVEC starting at 300 ìM. Initial molecular effect screening using a PCR array with genes associated with endothelial cell biology showed PA-induced upregulation of the Fas receptor, which is involved in extrinsic apoptosis, and regulation of a number of interleukins, as well as of different enzymes relevant for prostanoid synthesis. Modulation of prostanoid synthesis was subsequently studied at the mRNA and protein levels and verified by increased release of prostaglandin I2 as the main prostanoid of endothelial cells. All effects occurred only with in vitro-metabolically activated PA lasiocarpine and senecionine. By contrast, no effect was observed for the PA echimidine, heliotrine, lasiocarpine, senecionine, senkirkine and platyphylline in the absence of an external metabolizing system up to the highest tested concentration of 500 ìM. Overall, our results confirm the metabolism-dependent toxification of PA and elucidate the involved pathways. These include induction of inflammatory cytokines and deregulation of the prostanoid synthesis pathway in endothelial cells, linking for the first time PA-dependent changes in prostanoid release to distinct alterations at the mRNA and protein levels of enzymes of prostanoid synthesis.
|
['Animals', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Epoprostenol', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Inactivation, Metabolic', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Prostaglandins', 'Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Thromboxane A2']
| 30,465,738
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.550.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.550.500'], ['G05.308'], ['C06.552.360', 'C14.907.460'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.171.450', 'G03.787.225.450', 'G07.690.725.225.450'], ['A03.620'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['D03.132.716', 'D03.633.100.772'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.800', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparing the frequency and spectra of mutations induced when an SV-40 based shuttle vector containing covalently bound residues of structurally-related carcinogens replicates in human cells.
|
An SV40-based shuttle vector, pZ189, carrying a bacterial suppressor tRNA target gene (supF) was treated with radiolabeled polycyclic aromatic carcinogens and the number of covalently bound residues (adducts) per plasmid was determined. The plasmids were transfected into the human embryonic kidney cell line 293 and allowed to replicate. The progeny plasmids were rescued and assayed for the frequency of supF mutants by being used to transform indicator bacteria carrying an amber mutation in the beta-galactosidase gene. The agents tested were the 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide of benzo[a]pyrene (BPDE); 1-nitrosopyrene (1-NOP); N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-AcO-AAF); and its trifluoro-derivative (N-AcO-F3-AAF) which yields deacetylated adducts. With each agent there was a linear increase in the frequency of supF mutants as a function of the number of DNA adducts formed, reaching frequencies as high as 20 x 10(-4) to 40 x 10(-4), with a background frequency of 1.4 x 10(-4). When compared on the basis of adducts formed per plasmid, BPDE, which forms its principal DNA adduct at the N2 position of guanine, was approximately 4 times more mutagenic than 1-NOP, N-AcO-AAF and N-AcO-F3-AAF, which bind principally or exclusively to the C8 position of guanine. This difference in mutagenic effectiveness may reflect intrinsic differences in the nature of the adducts and their location in the DNA molecule. It could also reflect a difference in the rate of removal of particular adducts by nucleotide excision repair since the 293 host cell line excised BPDE-induced adducts from genomic DNA at least 3 times slower than 1-NOP-induced adducts. Agarose gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing analysis of 35 mutants derived from untreated plasmids showed that the majority (70%) involved deletions, insertions, or altered gel mobility (gross rearrangements). In contrast, the majority of those derived from carcinogen-treated plasmids were base-substitutions. DNA-sequencing of 86 unequivocally independent mutants derived from BPDE-treated plasmids and 60 from 1-NOP-treated plasmids indicated that 60% and 80%, respectively, contained a single base-substitution, 5-10% had two base-substitutions, and 4-10% had small insertions or deletions (one or two base pairs).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide', 'Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene', 'Base Sequence', 'Carcinogens', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA Damage', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenicity Tests', 'Mutation', 'Pyrenes', 'Simian virus 40', 'Transfection']
| 2,538,743
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.799.306.400.350', 'D04.615.799.306.400.350'], ['D02.065.064.150.100', 'D02.241.081.018.110.080.070', 'D02.455.426.559.847.389.050.060', 'D04.615.389.050.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['A11.251'], ['G05.200'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.560', 'E05.940.560'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.799', 'D04.615.799'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.700', 'B04.613.204.670.615.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of a 24-week randomized trial of an organic produce intervention on pyrethroid and organophosphate pesticide exposure among pregnant women.
|
BACKGROUND: Introduction of an organic diet can significantly reduce exposure to some classes of pesticides in children and adults, but no long-term trials have been conducted.OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of a long-term (24-week) organic produce intervention on pesticide exposure among pregnant women.METHODS: We recruited 20 women from the Idaho Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program during their first trimester of pregnancy. Eligible women were nonsmokers aged 18-35 years who reported eating exclusively conventionally grown food. We randomly assigned participants to receive weekly deliveries of either organic or conventional fruits and vegetables throughout their second or third trimesters and collected weekly spot urine samples. Urine samples, which were pooled to represent monthly exposures, were analyzed for biomarkers of organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid insecticides.RESULTS: Food diary data demonstrated that 66% of all servings of fruits and vegetables consumed by participants in the "organic produce" group were organic, compared to <3% in the "conventional produce" group. We collected an average of 23 spot samples per participant (461 samples total), which were combined to yield 116 monthly composites. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA, a non-specific biomarker of several pyrethroids) was detected in 75% of the composite samples, and 3-PBA concentrations were significantly higher in samples collected from women in the conventional produce group compared to the organic produce group (0.95 vs 0.27 ìg/L, p = 0.03). Another pyrethroid biomarker, trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid, was detected more frequently in women in the conventional compared to the organic produce groups (16% vs 4%, p = 0.05). In contrast, we observed no statistically significant differences in detection frequency or concentrations for any of the four biomarkers of OP exposure quantified in this trial.DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first long-term organic diet intervention study, and the first to include pregnant women. These results suggest that addition of organic produce to an individual's diet, as compared to conventional produce, significantly reduces exposure to pyrethroid insecticides.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Benzoates', 'Biomarkers', 'Diet', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Food, Organic', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Insecticides', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Maternal Exposure', 'Organophosphates', 'Pregnancy', 'Pyrethrins', 'Vegetables', 'Young Adult']
| 31,324,402
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['D23.101'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['G07.203.300.519', 'J02.500.519'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['N06.850.460.350.145'], ['D02.705.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D02.455.849.575.188.750'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Predicting changes in flow category in patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction on medical therapy.
|
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Controversy surrounds the prognosis and management of patients with paradoxical low-flow severe aortic stenosis (AS) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). It was not certain if patients in a particular flow category remained in the same category as disease progressed. We investigated whether there were switches in categories and if so, their predictors.METHODS: Consecutive subjects (n = 203) with isolated severe AS and paired echocardiography (>180 days apart) were studied. They were divided into 4 groups, based on their flow categories and if they progressed on subsequent echocardiography to switch or remain in the same flow category. Univariate analyses of clinical and echocardiographic parameters identified predictors of these changes in flow category.RESULTS: One hundred eighteen were normal flow (SVI ? 35 mL/m2 ), while 85 were low flow on index echocardiography. In the patients with normal flow, 33% switched to low flow. This was associated with higher valvuloarterial impedance (Zva, P < .001) and lower systemic arterial compliance (SAC, P < .001) compared to index echocardiography, and predicted by higher initial Zva (optimized cutoff >4.77 mm Hg/mL/m2 , AUC = 0.81 [95% CI:0.75-0.87, P < .001]). In patients with low flow, 25% switched to normal flow, which was associated with lower Zva and higher SAC and the switch was predicted by a higher initial mean transaortic pressure gradient.CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of patients switched flow categories in severe AS with preserved LVEF on subsequent echocardiography. Changes in flow were reflected by respective changes in Zva and SAC. Identifying echocardiographic predictors of a switch in category may guide prognostication and management of such patients.
|
['Aged', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 28,901,639
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Somatosensory mechanical response and digit somatotopy within cortical areas of the postcentral gyrus in humans: an MEG study.
|
Somatosensory evoked fields in response to compression (termed as Co) and decompression (termed as De) of glabrous skin (D1, thumb; D2, index finger; D5, little finger) were recorded. Although estimated equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) following stimulation of D1 and D5 were larger, but not significantly larger, in decompression than in compression, those of D2 were significantly larger (P = 0.035). The ECDs were located in the postcentral gyrus in the order of D5De, D2De, and D1De medially, posteriorly, and superiorly in decompression but not in compression (z-value, F = 2.692, P = 0.031). The average distance of ECDs between D1 and D5 was longer in decompression (12.8 ± 1.6 mm) than in compression (9.1 ± 1.6 mm). Our data suggest that the cortical response for the commonly used digit D2 is functionally different from those for other digits (D1 and D5) that the somatotopic variability is greater in compression.
|
['Adult', 'Afferent Pathways', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Biophysics', 'Brain Mapping', 'Electroencephalography', 'Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Galvanic Skin Response', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Magnetoencephalography', 'Male', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Reaction Time', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Time Factors', 'Touch Perception']
| 22,422,717
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.612.220'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G07.265.216.500.400', 'G11.561.200.500.400'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['E05.796.332', 'F02.830.702.315', 'F04.669.332', 'G07.265.563', 'G13.750.415'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.376.500', 'E01.370.405.440', 'E05.540.500'], ['E05.723'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['G01.910.857'], ['F02.463.593.894']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hospitalisations, admission costs and re-fracture risk related to osteoporosis in Western Australia are substantial: a 10-year review.
|
OBJECTIVE: To quantify hospitalisation costs to Western Australia (WA) for osteoporosis-related fractures and estimate risk of readmission after incident fracture.METHODS: All hospitalisation records for WA residents aged ?50 years admitted to a WA hospital between 2002 and 2011 due to osteoporotic fractures were extracted from the WA Hospital Morbidity Data System. Data linkage enabled identification of the first (index) fracture admission, determination of subsequent osteoporotic fracture-related readmissions, and quantification of total admission costs and bed days. Cox proportional hazard models assessed factors influencing first readmission.RESULTS: A total of 5,326 patients were admitted to WA hospitals for an index fracture. Of the 2,037 (38.2%) patients who sustained a re-fracture requiring readmission, 1,223 (23.0%) had one re-fracture episode, 453 (8.5%) has two, and 361 (6.8%) has three or more re-fracture episodes requiring readmission. Cost of index admissions was $57,007,262 while $48,948,623 was associated with readmissions (CPI-adjusted to 2011/12). Cumulative probability of readmission within six months of the index admission was 20% (males) and 17% (females).CONCLUSIONS: Osteoporotic fracture-related hospitalisations impose a substantial financial impact on WA, exceeding $100 million in a decade.IMPLICATIONS: Considering the large system costs, policy and programs to improve identification of index fractures and initiation of osteoporosis treatments and primary prevention initiatives are justified.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Female', 'Health Care Costs', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Medical Record Linkage', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoporosis', 'Osteoporotic Fractures', 'Patient Admission', 'Patient Readmission', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Registries', 'Risk', 'Sex Distribution', 'Western Australia']
| 26,095,668
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N03.219.151'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.500', 'N04.452.859.564.550', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['C26.404.545'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['Z01.639.100.996', 'Z01.678.100.373.996']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Western blot analysis for the detection of serum antibodies recognizing linear Aquaporin-4 epitopes in patients with Neuromyelitis Optica.
|
The current study presents a western blot assay showing good sensitivity (81%) and specificity (97%) for detecting serum antibodies to Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in patients with Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO). By using western blot, we were able, for the first time, to distinguish serum immunoreactivity against either of the two AQP4 isoforms, showing that antibodies recognizing the linear AQP4-M1 isoform are specific for NMO. Moreover, the high sensitivity and specificity of the western blot assay in detecting serum anti-AQP4 antibodies in NMO patients suggest that such auto-antibodies may be of linear nature, thus recognizing epitopes that are displayed in denatured protein.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Aquaporin 4', 'Blotting, Western', 'Child', 'Epitope Mapping', 'Epitopes', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Immunoprecipitation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Neuromyelitis Optica', 'Protein Array Analysis', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Young Adult']
| 19,850,359
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.500.040.468', 'D12.776.543.550.450.730.040.468', 'D12.776.543.585.400.730.040.577'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.478.274', 'E05.601.690.300'], ['D23.050.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.150.639', 'E05.478.605'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['C10.114.375.600.500', 'C10.114.375.800', 'C10.292.700.550.500', 'C10.314.350.600.500', 'C10.314.350.800', 'C11.640.576.695', 'C20.111.258.250.550.500', 'C20.111.258.250.775'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680'], ['D12.776.800'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Surgical site infections following bariatric surgery in community hospitals: a weighty concern?
|
BACKGROUND: Although obesity is a well-known risk factor for surgical site infection (SSI), specific risk factors for SSI among obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery (BS) have not been well-defined.METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study on patients who underwent BS at nine community hospitals in the USA between 7/1/2007 and 12/31/2008. Each patient had the following data recorded: National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) risk index; the choice, timing, and dose of antibiotic prophylaxis; age; body mass index; and duration of surgery. NNIS criteria were used to define SSI. Cases were detected during the post-operative hospital stay, on readmission to hospital within 30 days of the procedure and by post-discharge surveillance.RESULTS: A total of 2,012 patients were included in the study. The majority of procedures were laparoscopic (82%). The overall rate of SSI was 1.4% (28/2012). Patients who received vancomycin surgical prophylaxis were more likely to develop SSI than patients who received other antibiotics (relative risk [RR] = 9.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.1-26.1; p = 0.005). More specifically, patients who received vancomycin prophylaxis as a single agent at a dose less than 2 g were more likely to develop SSI than patients who received other antibiotic regimens (RR = 7.1; 95% CI = 1.9-23.8; p = 0.035).CONCLUSIONS: Inadequate dosing of vancomycin prophylaxis prior to BS is associated with increased risk of SSI. If vancomycin is used for prophylaxis, the appropriate dose should be calculated using actual bodyweight rather than lean bodyweight in accordance with Infectious Disease Society of America recommendations.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antibiotic Prophylaxis', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Bariatric Surgery', 'Cohort Studies', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hospitals, Community', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Vancomycin']
| 20,198,452
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E02.319.162.150', 'E02.319.703.150'], ['C01.150.252'], ['E02.650.500.062', 'E04.062'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['N02.278.421.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['D09.400.420.925', 'D12.644.233.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Noninvasive recording of His-Purkinje activity in patients with complete atrioventricular block. Clinical application of an "automated discrimination circuit".
|
In seven patients with complete atrioventricular (AV) block, His bundle electrograms (HBEs), standard ECG recordings, bipolar esophageal ECGs and highly amplified, filtered, bipolar chest lead ECGs were simultaneously recorded. The filtered chest lead ECG was averaged to determine His-Purkinje activity (HPA). A simplified device, the "automated discrimination circuit," was used to selectively eliminate the superimposed atrial and ventricular potentials that are characteristic of complete AV block and unsuitable for signal averaging. The processed chest lead ECG was amenable to conventional techniques of signal averaging. In four patients with block proximal to the AV node diagnosed by HBE, there was no activity after the P wave in the surface-averaged ECGs. HPA was consistently recorded before the QRS in the surface-averaged ECG. The measurements of the HV and HPA-V intervals were very close, with a difference of less than 2 msec. Three patients with block distal to the His bundle by HBE showed a loss of electrical potential before the QRS in the surface-averaged ECG, but had a consistent HPA after the P waves. The P-HPA intervals coincided well with PH intervals, with a maximal difference of 5 msec.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Aged', 'Amplifiers, Electronic', 'Bundle of His', 'Electrocardiography', 'Electronics, Medical', 'Female', 'Heart Atria', 'Heart Block', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Purkinje Fibers']
| 445,759
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of the chemosensitivity of the primary lesion and a pancreatic metastasis of colon cancer: a case report.
|
Pancreatic metastasis from colorectal cancer is rare, and accounts for less than 2% of all pancreatic metastases. There have been no studies that have reported the differences in the sensitivity to chemotherapy between the primary lesion and the pancreatic metastasis in colorectal cancer. We experienced a rare example of pancreatic metastasis from colorectal cancer, and report here the difference in the sensitivity to the antitumor drug. A 68-year-old female underwent colectomy for rectal carcinoma with a mass in the pancreatic tail and the liver. The patient also underwent a distal pancreatectomy and a segmental liver resection at the same time. v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene mutation analyses, in addition to the histopathological examinations, revealed tumors of the liver and the pancreatic tail as being metastases from the primary carcinoma. We employed a collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test for both the primary lesion and the pancreatic metastasis. The sensitivity to oxaliplatin and FOLFOX (5-flurouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin) were lower in the pancreatic metastasis compared to the primary lesion. In conclusion, pancreatic metastasis from colorectal malignancy is rare, and the present results suggest that there are potential differences in the sensitivity to chemotherapy between the primary colorectal tumor and its pancreatic metastasis.
|
['Aged', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 22,493,386
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Robust synchronization control scheme of a population of nonlinear stochastic synthetic genetic oscillators under intrinsic and extrinsic molecular noise via quorum sensing.
|
BACKGROUND: Collective rhythms of gene regulatory networks have been a subject of considerable interest for biologists and theoreticians, in particular the synchronization of dynamic cells mediated by intercellular communication. Synchronization of a population of synthetic genetic oscillators is an important design in practical applications, because such a population distributed over different host cells needs to exploit molecular phenomena simultaneously in order to emerge a biological phenomenon. However, this synchronization may be corrupted by intrinsic kinetic parameter fluctuations and extrinsic environmental molecular noise. Therefore, robust synchronization is an important design topic in nonlinear stochastic coupled synthetic genetic oscillators with intrinsic kinetic parameter fluctuations and extrinsic molecular noise.RESULTS: Initially, the condition for robust synchronization of synthetic genetic oscillators was derived based on Hamilton Jacobi inequality (HJI). We found that if the synchronization robustness can confer enough intrinsic robustness to tolerate intrinsic parameter fluctuation and extrinsic robustness to filter the environmental noise, then robust synchronization of coupled synthetic genetic oscillators is guaranteed. If the synchronization robustness of a population of nonlinear stochastic coupled synthetic genetic oscillators distributed over different host cells could not be maintained, then robust synchronization could be enhanced by external control input through quorum sensing molecules. In order to simplify the analysis and design of robust synchronization of nonlinear stochastic synthetic genetic oscillators, the fuzzy interpolation method was employed to interpolate several local linear stochastic coupled systems to approximate the nonlinear stochastic coupled system so that the HJI-based synchronization design problem could be replaced by a simple linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based design problem, which could be solved with the help of LMI toolbox in MATLAB easily.CONCLUSION: If the synchronization robustness criterion, i.e. the synchronization robustness ? intrinsic robustness + extrinsic robustness, then the stochastic coupled synthetic oscillators can be robustly synchronized in spite of intrinsic parameter fluctuation and extrinsic noise. If the synchronization robustness criterion is violated, external control scheme by adding inducer can be designed to improve synchronization robustness of coupled synthetic genetic oscillators. The investigated robust synchronization criteria and proposed external control method are useful for a population of coupled synthetic networks with emergent synchronization behavior, especially for multi-cellular, engineered networks.
|
['Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Genetic', 'Nonlinear Dynamics', 'Quorum Sensing', 'Stochastic Processes']
| 23,101,662
|
[['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['E05.393.420'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675'], ['G04.085.700', 'G06.550.700'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The naturally occurring C-17 fatty acid esters of estradiol are long-acting estrogens.
|
C-17 fatty acid esters of estradiol are naturally occurring biosynthetic metabolites of estradiol. A representative component of this family of esters, estradiol-17-stearate, was studied in order to determine the estrogenic properties of these unusual hydrophobic steroids. Following the classical estrogen bioassay, a solution of this ester in oil was injected subcutaneously into immature rats once a day for 3 days. There was little effect on the uterus on the first day after the third injection. However, on subsequent days a large stimulation of uterine growth occurred. The course of this estrogenic effect was exactly opposite to that obtained with estradiol. In order to eliminate the possibility that this effect on the time course of estrogenic stimulation was caused by increased solubility of the hydrophobic esters in the carrier oil, the steroids were administered to adult ovariectomized animals in aqueous medium via a single intravenous injection. The uterotrophic response to estradiol was maximal at 12 h and was completely dissipated in 48-60 h. Estradiol-17-stearate produced a uterotrophic effect of twice the duration of estradiol. In the immature rat, aqueous intravenous injections of estradiol-17-stearate produced a greater uterotrophic effect than estradiol and this effect was still maximal 96 h later. In addition, this single injection of estradiol-17-stearate advanced the time of vaginal opening, a marker for puberty in the female rat. The mechanism of the prolonged estrogenic stimulation was investigated by studying the steroidal content of the uterus after injecting [3H]estradiol and [3H]estradiol-17 -stearate i.v. into immature rats. At 1 and 4 h there was significantly more radioactivity in the uteri of the [3H]estradiol treated animals. At later times (8 h and onwards) the total radioactivity in the uterus did not differ appreciably between the two groups. However at these later times, the amount of [3H]estradiol was far greater in the uteri of animals receiving [3H]estradiol-17-stearate. Consequently, the prolonged estrogenic effects of the endogenous C-17 fatty acid esters of estradiol are caused by the increased duration of the estrogenic signal. It is hypothesized that one of the roles of the fatty acid is to protect the steroid nucleus from metabolism and thereby prolong the life of the parent C18 steroid. Thus, the results of these experiments are consistent with the family of endogenous alkyl esters of estradiol having a physiological role as long-acting estrogens.
|
['Animals', 'Castration', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Organ Size', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors', 'Uterus']
| 3,990,290
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Solitary pericardial hydatid cyst.
|
Hydatid cyst of the heart is an uncommon presentation of human echinococcosis which may lead to life-threatening conditions. Diagnosis should be suspected in every case of cyst-like mass in persons coming from areas where echinococcus granulosus is endemic. Echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can help in the differential diagnosis of the lesion. Even if some reports of successful therapy with benzimidazoles have been described, the treatment of choice is the surgical excision of the cyst. Pericardiectomy with cyst removal is feasible with low morbidity and mortality rates even in elder patients. The authors describe the successful surgical management of a single giant pericardial hydatid cyst in a 78-year-old woman from North Africa.
|
['Africa, Northern', 'Aged', 'Albendazole', 'Anticestodal Agents', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Chest Tubes', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Drainage', 'Echinococcosis', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Patient Selection', 'Pericardiectomy', 'Pericardium', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,041,943
|
[['Z01.058.266'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.241.081.251.022', 'D03.633.100.103.070'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075.100.040'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E07.858.150'], ['E02.186'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['C01.610.335.190.396'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E04.100.376.735', 'E04.928.220.605'], ['A07.541.795', 'A10.615.789.470'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
(R)- and (S)-5-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)tetralin (5-OH DPAT): assessment of optical purities and dopaminergic activities.
|
Racemic 5-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)tetralin (5-OH DPAT), a potent and selective dopamine (DA) D2-receptor agonist, was resolved into the enantiomers by a new method. The enantiomers of 5-OH DPAT were determined by chiral ion-pair chromatography using N-benzyloxycarbonylglycyl-L-proline as the counter ion. The enantiomeric purity of (R)-5-OH DPAT was found to be greater than 99.7%. The ability of the enantiomers to change the rat brain DOPA levels was evaluated in vivo. The results indicate that (R)-5-OH DPAT is a weakly potent DA D2-receptor antagonist.
|
['8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Dihydroxyphenylalanine', 'Dopamine Agents', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Naphthalenes', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Dopamine', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Tetrahydronaphthalenes', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase']
| 1,976,017
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.400', 'D04.615.638.960.400'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['D02.092.311.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130'], ['D27.505.519.625.150', 'D27.505.696.577.150'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638', 'D04.615.638'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960', 'D04.615.638.960'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Non-fecalith-induced appendicitis: etiology, imaging, and pathology.
|
This study aims to document the imaging and pathology findings in non-fecalith-induced appendicitis. We reviewed the imaging and pathologic findings in 40 patients with histologically proven purulent appendicitis seen over a 2-year period. Findings documented were (1) total appendiceal involvement, (2) predominant appendiceal tip involvement, (3) presence of a fecalith, and (4) presence of lymphoid hyperplasia. There were a total of 40 patients, 28 males and 12 females. The age range was 2-18 years with a mean of 11.5 years. Twenty-two (55 %) patients demonstrated classic purulent appendicitis of the whole appendix, 20 (91 %) of these appendices had a fecalith. Eighteen (45 %) patients demonstrated purulent appendicitis confined to or predominately involving the tip of the appendix, and all 18 (100 %) patients demonstrated marked lymphoid hyperplasia. Only two (11 %) of these appendices had a fecalith. Overall, a fecalith was found in only 55 % of our cases, while 45 % demonstrated no fecalith, but rather marked lymphoid hyperplasia. Lymphoid hyperplasia appeared to be the underlying predisposing cause of purulent appendicitis in these cases.
|
['Adolescent', 'Appendicitis', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Fecal Impaction', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lymphoproliferative Disorders', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography']
| 26,293,120
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C01.463.099', 'C06.405.205.099', 'C06.405.469.110.207'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.171'], ['C06.405.469.531.424'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C15.604.515', 'C20.683.515'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Case series on acute HCV in HIV-negative men in regular clinical practice: a call for action.
|
BACKGROUND: The evidence that HIV treatment as prevention (TasP) and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reduces the risk of HIV transmission is overwhelming. But as PrEP and TasP can lead to increased sexual mixing between HIV positive and negative men who have sex with men (MSM), sexually transmitted infections such as acute hepatitis C (HCV), which were thought to be limited to HIV-infected MSM, could become more frequent in HIV uninfected MSM as well. The objective of this study was to describe a series of cases of sexually transmitted HCV infections in HIV-uninfected MSM in the Netherlands and Belgium.METHODS: Through the Dutch Acute HCV in HIV Study (a Dutch-Belgian prospective multicentre study on the treatment of acute HCV infection, NCT02600325) and the Be-PrEP-ared study (a PrEP project in Antwerp, EudraCT2015-000054-37) several acute HCV infections were detected in HIV-negative men.RESULTS: A newly acquired HCV infection was diagnosed in ten HIV-negative MSM. HCV was diagnosed at a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic (n = 2), by their general practitioner (n = 2), by their HIV physician (n = 1) or at a PrEP clinic (n = 5). Ten patients reported unprotected anal intercourse and four had a concomitant STI at the time of HCV diagnosis. Six patients reported using drugs during sex.CONCLUSIONS: Our observation calls for a larger nationwide epidemiological study on the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of HCV infection in HIV-uninfected MSM. In the changing landscape of TasP and PrEP, reliable and up-to-date epidemiological data on HCV among HIV-uninfected MSM are needed and will help in developing evidence-based testing policies.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Belgium', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'HIV', 'HIV Seronegativity', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Netherlands', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Sexual and Gender Minorities', 'Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral', 'Unsafe Sex']
| 30,362,948
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.542.115'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['G12.400'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.600', 'G08.686.867.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.802'], ['M01.777'], ['C01.221.812.640', 'C01.778.640', 'C01.925.813', 'C23.550.291.531.937.640'], ['F01.145.802.987']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Congenital lobar emphysema].
|
A case of congenital lobar emphysema is reported in a male child four years old. The clinical and radiological studies are described. Besides, this case was the basis to review the topic of Congenital Lobar Emphysema and the corresponding literature, considering that this is an uncommon disease in our milieu.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pulmonary Emphysema', 'Radiography']
| 426,924
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Radiorespirometric analysis of glucose metabolism in the rat during feeding with 3'-methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene--radiorespirometry after partial hepatectomy.
|
In previous papers we reported that the earlier peak time (PT) in radiorespiratory during feeding with 3'-methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene(3'-Me-DAB) is due to activation of the hexose monophosphate (HMP) pathway together with hepatic cell proliferation reflecting the toxic effects of this carcinogen. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the results of radiorespiratory and the levels of enzyme activities of HMP pathway in regenerating rat liver in connection with hepatic cell proliferation. [3H]Thymidine incorporation into rat liver DNA and the activities of hexokinase (HK) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PD) reached a maximum at the 3rd day after partial hepatectomy. On radiorespirometry using [U-14C] glucose, the peak time (PT) was much earlier at the 2nd to 3rd day after partial hepatectomy. The peak height (PH) decreased to less than 1/2 of the initial level at the 2nd, but began to recover from the 3rd day. The yield value (YV) remained below the initial level for 4 days after the operation.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'DNA', 'Glucose', 'Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase', 'Hepatectomy', 'Hexokinase', 'Liver', 'Liver Regeneration', 'Male', 'Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene', 'Pyruvate Kinase', 'Rats', 'Spirometry', 'Thymidine', 'Tritium', 'p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene']
| 120,561
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Results of valvuloplasty in patients presenting deep venous insufficiency and recurring ulceration.
|
The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess mid-term results of valvuloplasty in patients presenting chronic recurring venous stasis ulceration. From 1988 to 1993, valvuloplasty was performed in the superficial femoral vein of 33 lower extremities in 28 patients presenting recurring ulceration. In 23 cases, previous surgery in the superficial venous system or perforating vein had failed. Preoperative work-up demonstrated primary deep venous insufficiency (PDVI) in 22 extremities (group I), proximal PDVI in association with distal postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) in 10 (group II), and Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome in 1. Hemodynamic assessment with tourniquet placement demonstrated a mean venous return time of 9 sec (+10, -8). Descending femoral phlebography showed Kistner grade 4 in 30 cases. Outcome was evaluated by clinical examination and Dupplex scan with photophlethysmography at follow-up times ranging from 2 to 7.6 years (mean: 51 months). Correlation between outcome of valvuloplasty and clinical findings was excellent. The incidence of poor clinical and hemodynamic results was higher for patients with PTS. Valve repair in association with surgery for superficial vein insufficiency and ligation of perforators gives good results in patients with isolated PDVI.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Femoral Vein', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome', 'Ligation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phlebography', 'Photoplethysmography', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Postphlebitic Syndrome', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Tourniquets', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex', 'Varicose Ulcer', 'Venous Insufficiency', 'Venous Thrombosis']
| 10,466,996
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['A07.015.908.314'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.077.410'], ['E04.426'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.600', 'E01.370.370.050.600'], ['E01.370.370.610.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C14.907.617.718.760', 'C14.907.952.760'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E07.926'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850'], ['C14.907.927.730', 'C17.800.893.592.730'], ['C14.907.952'], ['C14.907.355.830.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Thymallus grubii (Amur grayling).
|
In this study, we reported the complete sequence of mitochondrial genome of Thymallus grubii. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence was determined to be 16,662 bp in length and contain 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosomal genes, the control region and the origin of light-strand replication. In control region, only four CSBs (CSB-1, CSB-2, CSB-3 and CSB-F) were identified.
|
['Animals', 'Base Composition', 'Codon', 'Genes, Mitochondrial', 'Genome, Mitochondrial', 'Genomics', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Salmonidae', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 24,409,850
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.080'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.365', 'G05.420.275.500'], ['G05.360.340.360'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mutations in MERTK are not associated with age-related macular degeneration.
|
PURPOSE: To assess whether mutations in Mer tyrosine kinase (MERTK) are associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).METHODS: An association study using whole-genome sequencing was performed to determine whether rare variants in MERTK are associated with AMD. The data set included 4787 propensity score-matched case-control samples: 2394 AMD cases and 2393 controls. Whole-genome sequencing was performed and variants in MERTK were identified. Combined annotation-dependent depletion (CADD) scores and allele frequencies were calculated for each variant identified in MERTK. Student's t-test was used to assess the mean number of MERTK variants per subject between case and control cohorts (Bonferroni adjusted á = 0.0125). The number of subjects carrying at least one high CADD score loss-of-function or nonsynonymous mutation in each cohort was compared using Fisher's exact test (p < 0.05).RESULTS: No significant difference was found in the mean number of MERTK variants in AMD versus control subjects (p = 0.0502). Additionally, there was no significant difference between cohorts in the number of subjects with at least one high CADD score loss-of-function or nonsynonymous variant (p = 0.15 at CADD > 10 and p = 0.91 at CADD > 20).CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides a meaningfully negative result demonstrating that rare variants in MERTK are not associated with AMD. The study also demonstrates the role of large sample size genetic studies utilizing whole-genome sequencing as a powerful tool that can resolve clinically relevant questions regarding the genetic basis of ophthalmic disease.
|
['Aged', 'DNA', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Macula Lutea', 'Macular Degeneration', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase']
| 29,299,721
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.729.522'], ['C11.768.585.439'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.003', 'D12.776.543.750.630.003', 'D12.776.624.664.700.037']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Suppression of oxidative burst in human neutrophils with the naturally occurring serotonin derivative isomer from Leuzea carthamoides.
|
OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil leukocytes and macrophages represent professional phagocytic cells. When appropriately stimulated, they undergo dramatic physiological and biochemical changes resulting in phagocytosis, chemotaxis and degranulation with the activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production known as the respiratory burst.DESIGN: In this study we analysed the effect of a crystalline complex fraction of four N-feruloyl-serotonin isomers isolated from the seeds of Leuzea carthamoides on the mechanism of oxidative burst of human neutrophils in vitro.RESULTS: N-feruloyl-serotonin (N-f-5HT) inhibited dose-dependently oxidative burst of human whole blood and isolated neutrophils in vitro stimulated with phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA) as measured by luminol/isoluminol enhanced chemiluminescence.In isolated neutrophils stimulated with PMA, N-f-5HT was effective against extracellular as well as intracellular reactive oxygen species. Western blot analysis documented that N-f-5HT in concentrations of 10 and 100 µM significantly decreased PMA-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase C alpha/beta II.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that N-f-5HT represents an effective naturally occurring substance with potent effect on the oxidative burst of human neutrophils and could be further investigated for its pharmacological activity against oxidative stress in ischaemia-reperfusion, inflammation and other pathological conditions.
|
['Adult', 'Carcinogens', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Leuzea', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutrophils', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phosphorylation', 'Plant Extracts', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Respiratory Burst', 'Serotonin', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate']
| 21,187,819
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.506'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G03.197.620', 'G04.270.620'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Trityl radicals in perfluorocarbon emulsions as stable, sensitive, and biocompatible oximetry probes.
|
EPR oximetry with the use of trityl radicals can enable sensitive O2 measurement in biological cells and tissues. However, in vitro cellular and in vivo biological applications are limited by rapid trityl probe degradation or biological clearance and the need to enhance probe O2 sensitivity. We synthesized novel perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsions, ?200nm droplet size, containing esterified perchlorinated triphenyl methyl (PTM) radicals dispersed in physiological aqueous buffers. These formulations exhibit excellent EPR signal stability, over 20-fold greater than free PTM probes, with high oxygen sensitivity ?17mG/mmHg enabling pO2 measurement in aqueous solutions or cell suspensions with sensitivity >0.5mmHg. Thus, PFC-PTM probes hold great promise to enable combined O2 delivery and sensing as needed to restore or enhance tissue oxygenation in disease.
|
['Cell Line', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Emulsions', 'Esterification', 'Fluorocarbons', 'Humans', 'Oximetry', 'Oxygen']
| 27,836,400
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['G02.111.270', 'G02.607.250', 'G03.344'], ['D02.455.526.510.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100.600', 'E01.370.370.380.600', 'E01.370.386.700.100.600', 'E05.200.124.100.100.600'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Affinity-based SDS PAGE identification of phosphorylated Arabidopsis MAPKs and substrates by acrylamide pendant Phos-Tag™.
|
Protein phosphorylation is the most abundant and best studied protein posttranslational modification, dedicated to the regulation of protein function and subcellular localization as well as to protein-protein interactions. Identification and quantitation of the dynamic, conditional protein phosphorylation can be achieved by either metabolic labeling of the protein of interest with (32)P-labeled ATP followed by autoradiographic analysis, the use of specific monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against the phosphorylated protein species and finally by phosphoproteome delineation using mass spectrometry.Hereby we present a fourth alternative which relies on the enforced-affinity-based-electrophoretic separation of phosphorylated from non-phosphorylated protein species by standard SDS-PAGE systems co-polymerized with Phos-Tag™ and Mn(2+) or Zn(2+) cations. Phosphate groups of phosphorylated Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues form complexes with Mn(2+) and Zn(2+) cations with polyacrylamide immobilized Phos-Tag™. Following appropriate treatment of the gels, separated proteins can be quantitatively transferred to PVDF or nitrocellulose membranes and probed with common-not phosphorylation state specific-antibodies and delineate the occurrence of a certain phosphoprotein species against its non-phosphorylated counterpart.
|
['Acrylamide', 'Arabidopsis', 'Bacteriophage lambda', 'Culture Techniques', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Phenol', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Polyvinyls']
| 24,908,119
|
[['D02.065.122.015', 'D02.241.081.069.094.015'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['B04.123.150.800.230', 'B04.123.205.230', 'B04.280.090.800.230'], ['E05.481.500'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.595'], ['D12.776.744'], ['D08.811.277.352.650'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.616', 'D02.455.326.271.884.533', 'D05.750.716.721', 'D25.720.716.721', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Loop ileostomy after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis--is it necessary?
|
Construction of a loop ileostomy is usually advised in patients having an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis to minimize the complication of chronic pelvic sepsis. Formation and closure of a loop ileostomy was associated with a 41 percent and 30 percent complication rate, respectively, in a prospective series of 34 patients. This morbidity must now be assessed in relation to the benefits of avoiding temporary fecal diversion in restorative proctocolectomy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anal Canal', 'Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Colectomy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ileostomy', 'Ileum', 'Intestinal Fistula', 'Intestinal Obstruction', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rectum']
| 1,999,135
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['E04.035'], ['E04.210.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.210.338.508', 'E04.579.338.508'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['C06.267.550', 'C06.405.469.471', 'C23.300.575.185.550'], ['C06.405.469.531'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Signal and Noise in the Perception of Facial Emotion Expressions: From Labs to Life.
|
Human interactions are replete with emotional exchanges, and hence, the ability to decode others' emotional expressions is of great importance. The present research distinguishes between the emotional signal (the intended emotion) and noise (perception of secondary emotions) in social emotion perception and investigates whether these predict the quality of social interactions. In three studies, participants completed laboratory-based assessments of emotion recognition ability and later reported their perceptions of naturally occurring social interactions. Overall, noise perception in the recognition task was associated with perceiving more negative emotions in others and perceiving interactions more negatively. Conversely, signal perception of facial emotion expressions was associated with higher quality in social interactions. These effects were moderated by relationship closeness in Greece but not in Germany. These findings suggest that emotion recognition as assessed in the laboratory is a valid predictor of social interaction quality. Thus, emotion recognition generalizes from the laboratory to everyday life.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Emotions', 'Facial Expression', 'Facial Recognition', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio', 'Social Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 27,277,281
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470'], ['E01.370.600.225', 'F01.145.209.530.385'], ['F02.463.593.524.250.500', 'F02.463.593.524.500.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Distinguising Proof of Diabetic Retinopathy Detection by Hybrid Approaches in Two Dimensional Retinal Fundus Images.
|
Diabetes is characterized by constant high level of blood glucose. The human body needs to maintain insulin at very constrict range. The patients who are all affected by diabetes for a long time affected by eye disease called Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). The retinal landmarks namely Optic disc is predicted and masked to decrease the false positive in the exudates detection. The abnormalities like Exudates, Microaneurysms and Hemorrhages are segmented to classify the various stages of DR. The proposed approach is employed to separate the landmarks of retina and lesions of retina for the classification of stages of DR. The segmentation algorithms like Gabor double-sided hysteresis thresholding, maximum intensity variation, inverse surface adaptive thresholding, multi-agent approach and toboggan segmentation are used to detect and segment BVs, ODs, EXs, MAs and HAs. The feature vector formation and machine learning algorithm used to classify the various stages of DR are evaluated using images available in various retinal databases, and their performance measures are presented in this paper.
|
['Databases, Factual', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Microaneurysm']
| 31,069,550
|
[['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['E01.370.350'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C14.907.055.817']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Baculovirus replication: phosphorylation of polypeptides synthesized in Trichoplusia ni nuclear polyhedrosis virus-infected cells.
|
A number of polypeptides synthesized specifically in Trichoplusia ni multiple nucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (T. ni MNPV)-infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells are phosphorylated both early and late in infection. Certain non-structural proteins and the major basic internal protein are the main phosphoproteins detected in infected cells. The polyhedron protein was not phosphorylated. Many cell proteins continue to be phosphorylated throughout infection. Pulse-chase experiments have shown that some polypeptides are stably phosphorylated whereas other polypeptides (including the major basic protein) have phosphates which cycle on and off. One polypeptide was substantially labelled only after a chase with unlabelled orthophosphate. Fractionation of cells into nucleus and cytoplasm showed that polypeptides located in both the cytoplasm and nucleus were phosphorylated.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoplasm', 'Insect Viruses', 'Molecular Weight', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Viral Proteins', 'Virus Replication']
| 6,379,101
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['B04.525'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.964'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Associate degree graduates and the rapidly aging RN workforce.
|
This second segment of a four-part series examines the inter-relationship between the growth in associate degree nursing programs and the aging of the RN workforce. A growing proportion of new RNs have entered the workforce via associate degree programs, increasing from 40% in 1977 to 60% in 1996. New graduates, as well as working RNs, are approximately 5 years older in 1996 than 20 years earlier. Findings suggest that the rapid aging of the RN workforce can not be directly attributed to the rise in the number of older-aged graduates of associate degree programs. Rather, the declining propensity of those born after 1960 to enter nursing has resulted in fewer young RNs, and therefore: (1) an aging workforce, and (2) fewer new grads from baccalaureate programs (which have always attracted younger RNs) relative to grads from associate degree programs (which have always attracted older RNs).
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Education, Nursing, Associate', 'Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Statistical', 'Nursing Staff', 'United States']
| 11,061,155
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['I02.358.462.233'], ['I02.358.462.316'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['M01.526.485.680', 'N02.360.680'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Acute renal failure of medical type in an elderly population.
|
One hundred and nine unselected patients with Acute Renal Failure (ARF) of medical aetiology were hospitalized at the Nephrological Unit of Policlinico University Hospital (Modena) during a 30-month period. ARF was considered as a rapid increase of serum creatinine > 2mg/dl over the baseline level or the doubling of pre-existing value in chronic renal failure. Mean age of patients was 67+/-17 years and median age was 72; 64.2% needing dialytic treatment. Four main causes of ARF were identified: 33 patients had reduced renal perfusion by dehydration, hypotension etc.; 20 multifactorial aetiology; 14 biopsy-investigated renal parenchymal diseases and 39 had drug-related acute renal failure (D-ARF). The clinical outcome was significantly worse in elderly patients as regard mortality (P < 0.02), chronic dialytic treatment (P < 0.04) and complete recovery (P < 0.004). The mean age of D-ARF patients was significantly greater than remaining ARF patients (72.6+/-12.8 vs 63.2+/-18.5: P < 0.004. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and ACE-inhibitors (Ace-i) caused ARF in 24 and 8 patients respectively. Elderly age, vascular disease and monoclonal gammopathy represented the main risk factors and were significantly more frequent in D-ARF patients (P<001, <0.01, <0.04 respectively). Our data confirm the high susceptibility of ageing kidneys to nephrotoxic damage caused by drugs affecting glomerular autoregulation by microvascular mechanisms. Greater attention to renal changes in ageing and an increased dissemination of preventative measures among nephrologists, could reduce the incidence of these serious and potentially lethal diseases.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Vascular Diseases']
| 9,870,433
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C14.907']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The resistance of urinary tract pathogens to chlorhexidine bladder washouts.
|
Isolates of Providencia stuartii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus faecalis from urinary-tract infections in spinally-injured patients together with Escherichia coli 10418 were challenged with chlorhexidine (200 mg l-1) in a model of a catheterized bladder under conditions which simulate the bladder washout technique. All species survived the antiseptic. Organisms growing on the wall of the bladder model appeared to be particularly resistant and electron microscopy showed that these cells were embedded in a protective glycocalyx. The effect of chlorhexidine bladder washouts on the bacterial flora in the urine of patients was also observed and shown to be minimal and temporary. Examination of urinary sediments from patients revealed the presence of micro-colonies of bacteria embedded in a polysaccharide matrix. We conclude that bladder washouts with chlorhexidine are not likely to eliminate established infections with organisms that occur in patients with indwelling bladder catheters.
|
['Bacteria', 'Catheters, Indwelling', 'Chlorhexidine', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Spinal Injuries', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Urine']
| 2,888,808
|
[['B03'], ['E07.132.500'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['C26.117.500'], ['A05.810.890'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Clinical value of multiplex immune assay of antinuclear antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.]
|
A promising trend in the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune diseases is the multiplex immune assay (MIA) of autoantibodies and other laboratory biomarkers using microchips. The aim of the work was to study the diagnostic and prognostic significance of MIA antinuclear antibody (ANA) profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). 94 patients with SLE, 70 patients with other rheumatic diseases and 30 healthy donors were examined. ANA (antibodies to doublestranded - dsDNA, Sm, SS-A/Ro, SS-B/La antigens, nucleosomes, ribosomal protein P-RibP and ribonucleoprotein - RNP-70) were determined in the serum by MIA using the xMAP technology. In MIA, antibodies to dsDNA, Sm and RibP have a high diagnostic specificity (Sp) (95.0-99.0%) and a likelihood ratio of positive results (LR+) (9.67-15.0), i.e. are the most "useful" diagnostic tests, and antibodies to RNP-70, SS-A/Ro and nucleosomes are classified as "useful" tests for the diagnosis of SLE (Sp: 84.0-95.0%, LR+> 2.0). Determination of profiles from 3 or more antigen-specific ANA by MIA increases the Sp method to 98.0-100%, and the LR+ - to the maximum values. Profiles from 7 subpopulations of ANA (antibodies to dsDNA, Sm, RibP, SS-A/Ro,SS-B/La, nucleosomes and RNP-70, 57.9%, 71.9%, 82.5%, 61.4 %, 84.2%, 50.9%, 84.2%) were found in the chronic variant of SLE. In the acute course of the disease, 4 subpopulations of ANA are simultaneously detected (antibodies to dsDNA, Sm, SS-A/Ro and nucleosomes, 77.3%, 45.5%, 40.9% and 72.7%); in subacute course there are 2 subpopulations of ANA (antibodies to dsDNA and nucleosomes, 53.3% and 46.7%). The activity index of SLEDAI-2K positively correlates with the concentration of antibodies to dsDNA (r = 0.55, p < 0.05), nucleosomes (r = 0.65, p < 0.05), RibP (r = 0.32; p < 0.05) and Sm (r = 0.36, p < 0.05) in the blood. There was no reliable relationship between the production of varieties of ANA and the index of organ damage. Mucocutaneous disorders, lupus-nephritis and neurolupus were most often associated with the detection of antibodies to dsDNA (53.2-64.0%), nucleosomes (55.3-66.0%), SS-A/Ro (38.0-40.4%) and Sm (27.8-36.2%). MIA of ANA profiles is an important tool for implementing a personalized approach to diagnosis, evaluation of activity, course and clinical and immunologic subtypes of SLE.
|
['Antibodies, Antinuclear', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Humans', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Lupus Nephritis', 'Rheumatic Diseases']
| 30,720,960
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.204', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.204', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.204'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.680', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.680', 'C17.300.480.680', 'C20.111.590.560'], ['C05.799', 'C17.300.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reactivation of hepatitis and lamivudine therapy in 11 HBsAg-positive renal allograft recipients: a single centre experience.
|
BACKGROUND: In hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) (+) renal allograft recipients, the mortality associated with liver disease reaches 37-78%. An antiviral agent, lamivudine, has recently been reported to be safe and effective for preventing hepatic damage in these patients, although either resurgence of HBV-DNA levels after discontinuation or emerging resistant HBV mutants caused by long-term administration are still unsettled.METHODS: Between July 1976 and December 2003, 555 renal transplantations were performed in our centre. Of these, 11 patients who were HBsAg (+) at the time of transplantation (2.0%) were selected for this study. We investigated the incidence of hepatitis reactivation for three yr after transplantation and their clinical courses, including the efficacy of lamivudine therapy in seven of the 11 patients.RESULTS: Six episodes of hepatitis reactivation developed in five of the 11 patients (45.5%) within three yr after transplantation. Five episodes of six occurred within four months after transplantation. The patient who underwent the most severe reactivation needed intensive care including lamivudine administration and plasma exchange. Lamivudine caused no severe adverse effects and HBV-DNA levels dropped to under measurable levels within four months after lamivudine administration in all patients. Resistant HBV mutant emerged in only one patient, who had the longest lamivudine administration of 49 months.CONCLUSIONS: For HBsAg (+) renal allograft recipients, careful monitoring of HBV-DNA levels and timely administration of lamivudine could prevent hepatic damage caused by reactivation of hepatitis.
|
['Adult', 'DNA, Viral', 'Drug Resistance, Viral', 'Female', 'Graft Survival', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Lamivudine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Recurrence', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Virus Replication']
| 16,824,154
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G06.225.420', 'G06.920.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269.420'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.950.500', 'D13.570.230.329.950.500', 'D13.570.230.500.925.500', 'D13.570.685.245.500.950.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308'], ['E04.936.864'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Conditional ligands for Asian HLA variants facilitate the definition of CD8+ T-cell responses in acute and chronic viral diseases.
|
Conditional ligands have enabled the high-throughput production of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) libraries that present defined peptides. Immunomonitoring platforms typically concentrate on restriction elements associated with European ancestry, and such tools are scarce for Asian HLA variants. We report 30 novel irradiation-sensitive ligands, specifically targeting South East Asian populations, which provide 93, 63, and 79% coverage for HLA-A, -B, and -C, respectively. Unique ligands for all 16 HLA types were constructed to provide the desired soluble HLA product in sufficient yield. Peptide exchange was accomplished for all variants as demonstrated by an ELISA-based MHC stability assay. HLA tetramers with redirected specificity could detect antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses against human cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B (HBV), dengue virus (DENV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections. The potential of this population-centric HLA library was demonstrated with the characterization of seven novel T-cell epitopes from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, HBV, and DENV. Posthoc analysis revealed that the majority of responses would be more readily identified by our unbiased discovery approach than through the application of state-of-the-art epitope prediction. This flow cytometry-based technology therefore holds considerable promise for monitoring clinically relevant antigen-specific T-cell responses in populations of distinct ethnicity.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte', 'HLA Antigens', 'Humans', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptides', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Stability', 'Virus Diseases']
| 23,280,567
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['D23.050.550.402'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.700'], ['C01.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Non-mutagenic nitroheterocycles. The lack of correlation between bacterial mutagenicity and one-electron reduction potential.
|
The bacterial mutagenicity (Ames test) and the one-electron reduction potential for several nitropyridines, nitropyrazines and nitropyrimidines were determined. It was found that, although these nitroheterocycles underwent one-electron reduction more easily than metronidazole, they were not mutagenic in the Ames test. Six-membered ring nitroheterocycles, will, in general, exhibit diminished mutagenic potential compared to five-membered ring nitroheterocycles, and it is postulated that this effect is due to differences in the electronic nature and potential chemical reactivity of their respective nitrenium ions.
|
['Electrons', 'Mutagenicity Tests', 'Mutagens', 'Mutation', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Salmonella typhimurium', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 6,343,854
|
[['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['E05.393.560', 'E05.940.560'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Metagenomic insights into functional traits variation and coupling effects on the anammox community during reactor start-up.
|
Anammox technology is an energy-efficient wastewater treatment process and anammox community structure has gained extensive attention. However, the dynamics of community functional traits are still elusive. Here, we combined the long-term reactor operation and metagenomic, multiple bioinformatic and network analyses to reveal the succession of anammox community and function traits during reactor start-up. We found the cooperation of denitrifiers that affiliated to the phylum Proteobacteria could reduce nitrite to dinitrogen gas. These organisms and genes had higher abundance after the inhibition phase, which could contribute to nitrite consuming and reactor performance recovery. Importantly, the Terrimonas and Anaerolinea organisms had ability of extracellular polymers secretion or aggregate formation. They had the highest abundance at the end of the lag phase, which could benefit for promoting the nitrogen removal rate (NRR). Meanwhile, Terrimonas and Anaerolinea bacteria could cooperate with methanogenic and nitrite-denitrifying methanotrophic organisms based on H2 and CH4, respectively. Since these organisms also had higher abundance after the inhibition phase, their cooperation could prevent anammox bacteria from nitrite inhibiting when the influent nitrite concentration was higher. The analysis of community and function shift is expected to emphasize the importance of functional bacteria in anammox process and provides a potential control strategy for nitrogen-containing wastewater treatment process.
|
['Bacteria', 'Bioreactors', 'Chloroflexi', 'Metagenomics', 'Nitrites', 'Nitrogen', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Proteobacteria', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid']
| 31,202,013
|
[['B03'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['B03.275'], ['H01.158.273.343.350.261'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B03.660'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Chromatin assembly in Xenopus oocytes: in vitro studies.
|
We describe and characterize a complex reaction that catalyzes DNA supercoiling and chromatin assembly in vitro. A Xenopus oocyte extract supplemented with ATP and Mg++ converts DNA circles into minichromosomes that display a native, 200 bp periodicity. When supercoiled DNA is added to this extract it undergoes a time-dependent series of topological changes, which precisely mimic those found when the DNA is microinjected into oocytes. As judged by the conformation of the subsequently deproteinized DNA, the supercoiled DNA is first relaxed, in a reaction that takes 4 min, and then it is resupercoiled in a slower process that takes 4 hr. The relaxation is partially inhibited by EDTA, to an extent that suggests that that it is catalyzed by a type I DNA topoisomerase. The resupercoiling , on the other hand, requires ATP and Mg++, is completely inhibited by EDTA, and is inhibited by novobiocin in a manner that suggests it is catalyzed by a type II DNA topoisomerase. These findings, and the ones reported in the preceding paper ( Ryoji and Worcel , 1984), lead us to propose that chromatin assembly is an active, ATP-driven process.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Base Composition', 'Chromatin', 'DNA Topoisomerases, Type I', 'DNA Topoisomerases, Type II', 'DNA, Superhelical', 'Female', 'Kinetics', 'Magnesium', 'Oocytes', 'Plasmids', 'Time Factors', 'Xenopus']
| 6,327,057
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.080'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D08.811.399.403.483', 'D12.776.157.687.375', 'D12.776.660.720.375'], ['D08.811.399.403.741'], ['D13.444.308.283.250', 'G02.111.570.820.486.212.250', 'G05.360.580.156.250'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
McKenzie lumbar classification: inter-rater agreement by physical therapists with different levels of formal McKenzie postgraduate training.
|
STUDY DESIGN: Inter-rater chance-corrected agreement study.OBJECTIVE: The aim was to examine the association between therapists' level of formal precredential McKenzie postgraduate training and agreement on the following McKenzie classification variables for patients with low back pain: main McKenzie syndromes, presence of lateral shift, derangement reducibility, directional preference, and centralization.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Minimal level of McKenzie postgraduate training needed to achieve acceptable agreement of McKenzie classification system is unknown.METHODS: Raters (N = 47) completed multiple sets of 2 independent successive examinations at 3 different stages of McKenzie postgraduate training (levels parts A and B, part C, and part D). Agreement was assessed with ê coefficients and associated 95% confidence intervals. A minimum ê threshold of 0.60 was used as a predetermined criterion for level of agreement acceptable for clinical use.RESULTS: Raters examined 1662 patients (mean age = 51 ± 15; range, 18-91; females, 57%). Data distributions were not even and were highly skewed for all classification variables. No training level studied had acceptable agreement for any McKenzie classification variable. Agreements for all levels of McKenzie postgraduate training were higher than expected by chance for most of the classification variables except parts A and B training level for judging lateral shift and centralization and part D training level for judging reducibility. Agreement between training levels parts A and B, part C, and part D were similar with overlapping 95% confidence intervals.CONCLUSION: Results indicate that level of inter-rater chance-corrected agreement of McKenzie classification system was not acceptable for therapists at any level of formal McKenzie postgraduate training. This finding raises concerns about the clinical utility of the McKenzie classification system at these training levels. Additional studies are needed to assess agreement levels for therapists who receive additional training or experience at the McKenzie credentialed or diploma levels.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physical Therapists', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Physical Therapy Specialty', 'Prospective Studies', 'Spinal Diseases']
| 24,253,786
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.485.790', 'N02.360.790'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['H02.010.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C05.116.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Activation of murine dendritic cells and macrophages induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.
|
Macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and the direct involvement of both cell types in the immune response to Salmonella has been identified. In this study we analysed the phenotypic and functional changes that take place in murine macrophages and DCs in response to live and heat-killed Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Both types of cell secreted proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) in response to live and heat-killed salmonellae. Bacterial stimulation also resulted in up-regulation of costimulatory molecules on macrophages and DCs. The expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules by macrophages and DCs was differentially regulated by interferon (IFN)-gamma and salmonellae. Live and heat-killed salmonellae as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibited the up-regulation of MHC class II expression induced by IFN-gamma on macrophages but not on DCs. Macrophages as well as DCs presented Salmonella-derived antigen to CD4 T cells, although DCs were much more efficient than macrophages at stimulating CD4 T-cell cytokine release. Macrophages are effective in the uptake and killing of bacteria whilst DCs specialize in antigen presentation. This study showed that the viability of salmonellae was not essential for activation of APCs but, unlike live bacteria, prolonged contact with heat-killed bacteria was necessary to obtain maximal expression of the activation markers studied.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Bone Marrow', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Line', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Genes, MHC Class II', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-1', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'Salmonella typhimurium', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 16,011,515
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D23.050.301'], ['A15.382.216'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.600', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.600', 'G12.500.500.600'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment of odorous sulphur compounds by chemical scrubbing with hydrogen peroxide--stabilisation of the scrubbing solution.
|
To slow down the hydrogen peroxide decomposition in basic aqueous conditions, the addition of stabilizers and co-stabilizers in the scrubbing solution was investigated. Results found with sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) were quite promising but several problems still remained. Based on these observations, this study focused on the research of a better stabilizer. Several ways were investigated: the use of silicate solutions employed in pulp industries, the addition of co-stabilizers to sodium silicate, or the use of an another stabilizer (the poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylic acid). Experiments revealed that the poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylic acid is the best stabilizing compound.
|
['Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Odorants', 'Pentetic Acid', 'Solutions', 'Sulfur Compounds']
| 17,256,542
|
[['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['D02.092.782.590', 'D02.241.081.018.639'], ['D26.776'], ['D01.875', 'D02.886']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Multicenter study of quantitative computed tomography analysis using a computer-aided three-dimensional system in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of automated quantitative analysis with a three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided system (i.e., Gaussian histogram normalized correlation, GHNC) of computed tomography (CT) images from different scanners.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Each institution's review board approved the research protocol. Informed patient consent was not required. The participants in this multicenter prospective study were 80 patients (65 men, 15 women) with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Their mean age was 70.6 years. Computed tomography (CT) images were obtained by four different scanners set at different exposures. We measured the extent of fibrosis using GHNC, and used Pearson's correlation analysis, Bland-Altman plots, and kappa analysis to directly compare the GHNC results with manual scoring by radiologists. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the association between the CT data and forced vital capacity (FVC).RESULTS: For each scanner, the extent of fibrosis as determined by GHNC was significantly correlated with the radiologists' score. In multivariate analysis, the extent of fibrosis as determined by GHNC was significantly correlated with FVC (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the results obtained using different CT scanners.CONCLUSION: Gaussian histogram normalized correlation was feasible, irrespective of the type of CT scanner used.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 26,546,034
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.765.500'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['A04.411'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rapid gastric emptying in duodenal ulcer patients.
|
Isosmotic liquid peptone meals adjusted to pH 7, 3, and 1.5 were instilled on separate days into the stomachs of 8 duodenal ulcer patients and 7 healthy controls. Using a marker-dilution method, duodenal acid load (DAL) was measured as the amount of unbuffered hydrogen ions delivered to the duodenum per unit time. Gastric emptying was measured as the total volume of gastric contents, including meal plus gastric secretion, passing through the pylorus per unit time (VPP). Mean pentagastrin-stimulated acid output was significantly different between the two groups. However, after all three tests meals, mean DAL was significantly greater in duodenal ulcer than in normal subjects in both hours of the test, and VPP was significantly greater in ulcer than in normal subjects in the first 40 min. In both groups, following peptone meals of pH 7 and 3, the volume of gastric contents delivered through the pylorus decreased as the amount of free hydrogen ions entering the duodenum increased, but a given load of acid was less effective in slowing emptying duodenal ulcer patients than in controls. These studies indicate that duodenal ulcer patients empty liquid meals more rapidly than do normal subjects, independent of the initial pH of the meals, and that, in addition, acid inhibition of gastric emptying is defective in duodenal ulcer.
|
['Adult', 'Duodenal Ulcer', 'Duodenum', 'Gastric Acid', 'Gastric Emptying', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Indicator Dilution Techniques', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pylorus']
| 7,044,730
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.348', 'C06.405.748.586.349'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['A12.200.307.603'], ['G10.261.360.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.484'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.556.875.875.799']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Surgeon-tool force/torque signatures--evaluation of surgical skills in minimally invasive surgery.
|
The best method of training for laparoscopic surgical skills is controversial. Some advocate observation in the operating room, while others promote animal and simulated models or a combination of surgical related tasks. The mode of proficiency evaluation common to all of these methods has been subjective evaluation by a skilled surgeon. In order to define an objective means of evaluating performance, an instrumented laparoscopic grasper was developed measuring the force/torque at the surgeon hand/tool interface. The measured database demonstrated substantial differences between experienced and novice surgeon groups. Analyzing forces and torques combined with the state transition during surgical procedures allows an objective measurement of skill in MIS. Teaching the novice surgeon to limit excessive loads and improve movement efficiency during surgical procedures can potentially result in less injury to soft tissues and less wasted time during laparoscopic surgery. Moreover the force/torque database measured in this study may be used for developing realistic virtual reality simulators and optimization of medical robots performance.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Clinical Competence', 'Computer-Assisted Instruction', 'General Surgery', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Laparoscopy', 'Surgical Instruments', 'Swine', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Torque', 'User-Computer Interface', 'Videotape Recording']
| 10,538,374
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['I02.903.771.500.208'], ['H02.403.810.300'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E07.858.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['G01.374.860.500'], ['L01.224.900.910'], ['J01.897.280.500.846.734', 'J01.897.280.500.898.840', 'L01.178.590.875.840', 'L01.178.820.090.846.734', 'L01.178.820.090.898.840', 'L01.280.940.840', 'L01.280.960.880']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Automated Training of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Cell Segmentation.
|
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) have recently emerged as superior for many image segmentation tasks. The DCNN performance is however heavily dependent on the availability of large amounts of problem-specific training samples. Here we show that DCNNs trained on ground truth created automatically using fluorescently labeled cells, perform similar to manual annotations.
|
['Automation, Laboratory', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cytological Techniques', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Intravital Microscopy', 'Machine Learning', 'Neural Networks, Computer']
| 28,798,336
|
[['E05.064', 'J01.897.104.416'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E01.370.225.500', 'E05.200.500', 'E05.242'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.515.277', 'E05.595.185'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of weight loss on lipid transfer proteins in morbidly obese women.
|
Obesity is associated with lipid abnormalities leading to an increased morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic disease. Lipid transfer proteins such as Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) and Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP), and lipases such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) are involved in the pathogenesis of the obesity associated proatherogenic dyslipidemia. Nineteen severely obese female subjects undergoing laparosopic gastric banding participated in this prospective study. Subjects were examined with respect to body composition, lipid profile, CETP, PLTP, LPL and HL before and 1 year after surgical treatment. Mean weight loss was 22.2 kg, mainly due to losses in the fat depots. Triglycerides decreased and HDL(2)-C increased significantly. In respect to transfer proteins mean CETP mass decreased from 1.82 to 1.71 microg mL(-1) (P = 0.043) and mean PLTP activity was reduced from 7.15 to 6.12 micromol mL(-1) h(-1) (P = 0.002), in parallel. In addition, both mean LPL activity and mean HL activity tended to decrease from 297 to 248 nmol mL(-1) h(-1) for LPL (P = 0.139) and from 371 to 319 nmol mL(-1) h(-1) for HL (P = 0.170), respectively. We conclude that weight loss induced by bariatric surgery is associated with the amelioration of the obesity-associated dyslipidemic state. This improvement may be attributable to decreased mass and action of the adipocyte tissue derived lipid transfer proteins CETP and PLTP.
|
['Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipase', 'Lipoprotein Lipase', 'Obesity', 'Phospholipid Transfer Proteins', 'Prospective Studies', 'Weight Loss']
| 19,789,902
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D09.400.430.750', 'D12.776.124.197', 'D12.776.157.165', 'D12.776.395.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.400'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.430'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D12.776.157.674', 'D12.776.543.693'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Constant intraperitoneal 5-fluorouracil infusion through a totally implanted system.
|
Five-day continuous intraperitoneal (ip) infusions of 5-fluorouracil (FU) were injected into five patients as part of a phase I clinical pharmacology study. They received 20 courses through a totally implanted catheter/injection port system. Six courses are evaluable for kinetic parameters and all courses are evaluable for toxicity. In each course a 2 to 3 log FU concentration differential in favor of the peritoneal cavity was achieved and maintained. Steady-state venous plasma FU concentrations averaged 0.34 microM, whereas steady-state ip FU concentrations averaged 697 microM. Mean total body clearance (TBC) in these patients was 18.4 l/min and mean permeability-area (PA) product for diffusion from the peritoneum was 13.7 ml/min. Mean TBC of 20 l/min with ip FU infusion was observed in one patient who also received a 24-hr IV FU infusion for comparison. The TBC during the later infusion was 5.9 l/min. In this patient, calculations indicate 75% extraction of drug during the passage from the peritoneum to the systemic circulation, presumably representing in large part hepatic extraction of FU taken into the portal venous circulation. Ip constant infusion and bolus kinetics were compared in one patient. TBC for the ip bolus was 14.3 l/min, which was approximately half of the TBC of 29.5 l/min determined during the 5-day constant ip infusion. Thus constant ip infusion of FU (l gm/day) can provide an improved regional advantage over bolus ip FU because of an increased TBC. Toxicity was acceptable in all courses. Dose limiting toxicity was regional, namely moderate chemical peritonitis seen in two of the five patients on repeated courses. There was no myelosuppression, alopecia, nausea, or vomiting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Parenteral', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms']
| 6,690,173
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.319.267.200', 'E04.292.425'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Crystal structure of Bacillus sp. GL1 xanthan lyase complexed with a substrate: insights into the enzyme reaction mechanism.
|
Bacillus sp. GL1 xanthan lyase, a member of polysaccharide lyase family 8 (PL-8), acts exolytically on the side-chains of pentasaccharide-repeating polysaccharide xanthan and cleaves the glycosidic bond between glucuronic acid (GlcUA) and pyruvylated mannose (PyrMan) through a beta-elimination reaction. To clarify the enzyme reaction mechanism, i.e. its substrate recognition and catalytic reaction, we determined crystal structures of a mutant enzyme, N194A, in complexes with the product (PyrMan) and a substrate (pentasacharide) and in a ligand-free form at 1.8, 2.1, and 2.3A resolution. Based on the structures of the mutant in complexes with the product and substrate, we found that xanthan lyase recognized the PyrMan residue at subsite -1 and the GlcUA residue at +1 on the xanthan side-chain and underwent little interaction with the main chain of the polysaccharide. The structure of the mutant-substrate complex also showed that the hydroxyl group of Tyr255 was close to both the C-5 atom of the GlcUA residue and the oxygen atom of the glycosidic bond to be cleaved, suggesting that Tyr255 likely acts as a general base that extracts the proton from C-5 of the GlcUA residue and as a general acid that donates the proton to the glycosidic bond. A structural comparison of catalytic centers of PL-8 lyases indicated that the catalytic reaction mechanism is shared by all members of the family PL-8, while the substrate recognition mechanism differs.
|
['Bacillus', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Carbon-Oxygen Lyases', 'Catalysis', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Mannose', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protons', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 15,979,090
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D08.811.520.241'], ['G02.130'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D09.947.875.359.588'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['D09.698.629'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Operation Sadbhavana: winning hearts and minds in the Ladakh Himalayan region.
|
"Sadbhavana" literally means "goodwill among people." The Indian Army has evolved a military strategy of winning hearts and minds, with this being just a phase in the broader war on terror. We have focused on actions to address the border regions of Ladakh in the Himalayas. The government of India strives against difficult conditions to provide essential services (including health care) to its population in an equitable manner; in remote areas with fragile security and hamstrung provincial government systems, the Indian Army fills this role. The Army's medical units have played a pivotal role in providing comprehensive health care as a keystone of the strategy. The endeavors of the doctors in uniform have succeeded in winning over an alienated population. A total of 163 medical camps were held in 2004, with attendance of 14,050 patients seeking medical attention and 264 patients seeking dental attention; in 2005, 87 camps were conducted, with attendance totals of 7,562 and 559, respectively. The Operation Sadbhavana military strategy has paid rich dividends in the form of changes in the perspective of the denizens of the remote and exotic locales of Ladakh. Planners must carefully analyze the target audiences and the messages delivered to those audiences at the onset of such projects. Future efforts would be enhanced by attempts to quantify the effects of medical missions on the health of the population and on population attitudes toward the Indian Army and the central government.
|
['Cooperative Behavior', 'Female', 'Health Education', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Hygiene', 'India', 'Male', 'Medical Missions', 'Medically Underserved Area', 'Military Medicine', 'Military Personnel', 'Motivation', 'Poliomyelitis', 'Program Development', 'Public Health', 'Rural Health Services', 'Sanitation', 'Social Marketing']
| 18,751,591
|
[['F01.145.813.115'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.547', 'N06.850.670'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['I01.615.500.750'], ['N03.349.650.340', 'N05.300.450.520'], ['H02.403.500'], ['M01.526.625'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['C01.207.618.750', 'C01.925.782.687.359.764', 'C10.228.228.618.750', 'C10.228.854.525.850', 'C10.668.864'], ['N04.452.760'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['N02.421.816'], ['H02.229.782', 'N06.850.780.200.800', 'N06.850.860'], ['J01.219.687.750', 'N05.300.430.500.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Acetylation of alpha-melanotropin and beta-endorphin in the rat intermediate pituitary. Subcellular localization.
|
The subcellular site of the further processing (NH2-terminal acetylation and COOH-terminal proteolysis) of beta-endorphin-sized molecules in the rat intermediate pituitary has been studied. Rat intermediate pituitary primary cultures that had been incubated in radioactively labeled amino acids were homogenized and the secretory granule fraction was separated from the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi apparatus fraction. The labeled beta-endorphin-sized molecules in each subcellular fraction were analyzed by immunoprecipitation, gel filtration chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography. A large percentage of the labeled beta-endorphin-sized molecules became NH2 terminally acetylated after becoming associated with the secretory granule fraction; most of the further COOH-terminal proteolytic processing of alpha-N-acetyl-beta-endorphin(1-31) to form alpha-N-acetyl-beta-endorphin(1-27) and alpha-N-acetyl-beta-endorphin(1-26) also occurred when the labeled beta-endorphin-sized molecules were associated with the secretory granule fraction. The acetylation of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha MSH)-sized molecules was also investigated in rat intermediate pituitary primary cell cultures by immunoprecipitation, gel filtration chromatography, and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. Pulse-chase labeling experiments showed that newly synthesized molecules co-migrating with adrenocorticotropic hormone ((ACTH)(1-13)NH2) were converted first to molecules similar to alpha MSH (alpha-N-acetyl-ACTH(1-13)NH2) and then to molecules similar to alpha-N,O-diacetyl-alpha MSH. These results demonstrate that the enzyme activity(s) responsible for the NH2-terminal acetylation of beta-endorphin alpha MSH-sized molecules is located in the secretory granules of the rat intermediate pituitary.
|
['Acetylation', 'Animals', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Chymotrypsin', 'Endorphins', 'Kinetics', 'Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Rats', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'beta-Endorphin']
| 6,286,656
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.176', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.176'], ['D12.644.400.575.241', 'D12.776.631.650.575.241'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D06.472.699.327.935.531.750', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.750', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.750', 'D12.644.400.460', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.750', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.750', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.750', 'D12.776.631.650.460'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['D12.644.541'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A11.284.835'], ['D06.472.699.327.935.239', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.239', 'D12.644.400.400.935.239', 'D12.644.400.575.241.080', 'D12.644.548.365.935.239', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.239', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.239', 'D12.776.631.650.575.241.080']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sensory conduction of the sural nerve in polyneuropathy.
|
Using surface electrodes, sensory nerve action potentials (SAP) have been recorded in the proximal segment (mid-calf to lateral malleolus) and the distal segment (lateral malleolus to toe 5) of the sural nerve and in the median nerve in 79 control subjects. The values obtained for the distal segment of the sural nerve varied widely and in seven apparently normal subjects no SAP could be distinguished. In the proximal segment conduction velocities were over 40 m/s and there was no significant change with age, unlike the median nerve in which a highly significant slowing occurred with age. Comparison of the results of sural and median sensory conduction studies in 300 consecutive patients screened for sensory polyneuropathy confirms the value of sural nerve sensory studies as a routine screening test, and confirms the belief that the changes in polyneuropathy are usually more prominent in lower limb nerves. It is therefore suggested that studies of sural sensory conduction form the single most useful test in the diagnosis of sensory polyneuropathy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Carpal Tunnel Syndrome', 'Child', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Median Nerve', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Conduction', 'Neuritis', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Spinal Nerves', 'Sural Nerve']
| 4,367,408
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.668.829.500.500.200', 'C10.668.829.550.200', 'C26.844.150.206'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['C10.668.829.650'], ['C10.668.829'], ['A08.800.800.720'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760.820.820']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Osteoporosis is inversely associated with arterial stiffness in the elderly: An investigation using the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asians index in an elderly Chinese cohort.
|
Although the association of arterial stiffness and osteoporosis has been reported, the relation of arterial stiffness with risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture is not established. The authors investigated the correlation between arterial stiffness (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity [baPWV]), including a cutoff value, and risk of osteoporosis as assessed by the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asia (OSTA) index in 129 elderly Chinese community-dwelling individuals (age 83.2 ± 12.8 years, 63 females). OSTA was negatively correlated with baPWV (r = -0.326, P = 0.023) after adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, absence or presence of diabetes, absence or presence of hypertension, and uric acid. baPWV was an independent factor for changes in OSTA (â = -0.001, P = 0.002). ROC curve analysis confirmed association between baPWV and OSTA index (AUC = 0.742 [CI: 0.660, 0.824]; P < 0.001) with a baPWV cutoff value of 1676 cm/s (sensitivity, 80.7%; specificity, 60%) for prediction of high OSTA index. The study showed a significant correlation between OSTA index and baPWV, suggesting a potential predictive value of baPWV in elderly patient at high risk of osteoporosis.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ankle Brachial Index', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Body Mass Index', 'China', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Independent Living', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Male', 'Osteoporosis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pulse Wave Analysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Self-Assessment', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Triglycerides', 'Uric Acid', 'Vascular Stiffness']
| 30,734,463
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.370.140.049'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['I03.050.500', 'N01.224.791.550', 'N06.850.505.400.800.550'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.370.370.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D10.351.801'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877'], ['G09.330.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Decreased ascorbic acid entry into cornea of streptozotocin-diabetic rats and guinea-pigs.
|
High L-ascorbic acid (AA) levels in aqueous humor and intraocular tissues including lens and cornea are thought to protect against the harmful effects of the photochemical and ambient oxidation reactions involving oxygen and its radicals. Our pulse-chase studies follow a bolus of radiolabeled test molecules including [14C]L-ascorbic acid and [3H]L-glucose (L-glu) introduced into the blood at time t = 0, and determine the time-dependent concentrations of these labeled molecules as they move into aqueous humor, corneal endothelium and stroma tissues. Calculated entry and exit rate constants provide a representative measure of the functional state of passive and carrier mediated transport mechanisms in situ in normal and diabetic animals. Diabetic rats were categorized in terms of length of time exposed to a uniform, monitored streptozotocin (stz) diabetes as: short term (10-20 days); mid-term (40-60 days); and long term (100+ days). In the rat, we observed little change in entry rate of L-glu (a passive marker) into aqueous humor [control Ki = 0.0216 +/- 0.0021 (n = 14)/mid-term stz-diabetes Ki = 0.0202 +/- 0.0027 (n = 10)] and a modest decrease in the entry rate of AA into aqueous humor [control KAi = 0.0231 +/- 0.0022 (n = 14)/mid-term stz-diabetes KAi = 0.0201 +/- 0.0034 (n = 10)]. At corneal endothelium, we noted a significant decrease in the active movement of AA [control KE = 0.614 +/- 0.053 (n = 14)/mid-term stz-diabetes KE = 0.220 +/- 0.026 (n = 9)] while the passive L-glu entry rate remained essentially unchanged.+
|
['Animals', 'Aqueous Humor', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Cornea', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Endothelium, Corneal', 'Glucose', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors']
| 1,426,066
|
[['B01.050'], ['A09.371.060.067.070', 'A12.207.270.040'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['G03.143.310'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['A09.371.060.067.318', 'A09.371.060.217.318', 'A10.272.491.318'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Methylation analyses on promoters of mPer1, mPer2, and mCry1 during perinatal development.
|
Recent studies revealed dramatic changes in circadian clock genes' expression during the perinatal period. In this study, we characterized DNA methylation for three clock genes mPer1, mPer2, and mCry1 at their selected promoter regions during development. Results for the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and liver (at embryonic day 19, postnatal day 1 and postnatal day 7) were compared to those of sperm. Few methylations were detected for the mPer2 and mCry1 promoters. The 3rd E-box region of the mPer1 promoter exhibited methylation only in sperm. Significant demethylation was observed in the 4th E-box region of the mPer1 promoter between E19 and P1 in the SCN but not in liver tissue. This demethylation state was maintained at P7 for the SCN. Luciferase reporter assays using in vitro methylated promoters revealed an inhibitory effect of promoter methylation on mPer1 expression. The results suggested that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation might contribute to the developmental expression of clock genes.
|
['Animals', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Cryptochromes', 'DNA Methylation', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Liver', 'Luciferases', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Period Circadian Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Suprachiasmatic Nucleus', 'Transfection']
| 20,043,880
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D12.644.360.138.150', 'D12.776.331.180', 'D12.776.476.156.250', 'D12.776.765.593.500'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G05.308.203'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['A03.620'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D12.644.360.138.575', 'D12.776.157.530.750.687', 'D12.776.476.156.625', 'D12.776.543.585.750.687'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.342.625', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.342.625'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
GARLIC: a bioinformatic toolkit for aetiologically connecting diseases and cell type-specific regulatory maps.
|
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have emerged as a powerful tool to uncover the genetic basis of human common diseases, which often show a complex, polygenic and multi-factorial aetiology. These studies have revealed that 70-90% of all single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with common complex diseases do not occur within genes (i.e. they are non-coding), making the discovery of disease-causative genetic variants and the elucidation of the underlying pathological mechanisms far from straightforward. Based on emerging evidences suggesting that disease-associated SNPs are frequently found within cell type-specific regulatory sequences, here we present GARLIC (GWAS-based Prediction Toolkit for Connecting Diseases and Cell Types), a user-friendly, multi-purpose software with an associated database and online viewer that, using global maps of cis-regulatory elements, can aetiologically connect human diseases with relevant cell types. Additionally, GARLIC can be used to retrieve potential disease-causative genetic variants overlapping regulatory sequences of interest. Overall, GARLIC can satisfy several important needs within the field of medical genetics, thus potentially assisting in the ultimate goal of uncovering the elusive and complex genetic basis of common human disorders.
|
['Computational Biology', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Genetic Diseases, Inborn', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Software']
| 28,007,912
|
[['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['C16.320'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A highly efficient and effective motif discovery method for ChIP-seq/ChIP-chip data using positional information.
|
Identification of DNA motifs from ChIP-seq/ChIP-chip [chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)] data is a powerful method for understanding the transcriptional regulatory network. However, most established methods are designed for small sample sizes and are inefficient for ChIP data. Here we propose a new k-mer occurrence model to reflect the fact that functional DNA k-mers often cluster around ChIP peak summits. With this model, we introduced a new measure to discover functional k-mers. Using simulation, we demonstrated that our method is more robust against noises in ChIP data than available methods. A novel word clustering method is also implemented to group similar k-mers into position weight matrices (PWMs). Our method was applied to a diverse set of ChIP experiments to demonstrate its high sensitivity and specificity. Importantly, our method is much faster than several other methods for large sample sizes. Thus, we have developed an efficient and effective motif discovery method for ChIP experiments.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'CCCTC-Binding Factor', 'Chromatin Immunoprecipitation', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Computer Simulation', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Mice', 'Nucleotide Motifs', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Software', 'Transcription Factors']
| 22,228,832
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.157.687.157', 'D12.776.260.120', 'D12.776.660.235.050', 'D12.776.660.720.157', 'D12.776.664.235.050', 'D12.776.930.780.563'], ['E05.393.170', 'E05.478.605.160'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.611', 'G02.111.570.820.486.662', 'G05.360.080.611', 'G05.360.580.662'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.750'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['L01.224.900'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Management of complications from hepatobiliary surgery using the percutaneous transjejunal approach.
|
PURPOSE: The work was aimed at presenting the indications, techniques and results of the percutaneous transjejunal approach to the biliary tree in patients with hepatobiliary complications due to surgery.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten patients, 7 males and 3 females, mean age 50 years (range, 10-62) with hepatico-jejunostomy, who developed cholangitis together with jaundice or bile leakage, underwent this procedure, performed through the anastomotic loop that was not surgically anchored to the abdominal wall in all cases but one. The transjejunal approach was chosen because of non-dilated bile ducts in 3 patients, complex pathologic situations in 5 patients and to avoid complications to a transplanted liver in 2 patients. The jejunal loop was identified using CT, US and fluoroscopy in 4 patients and after its opacification in the remaining 6 (by percutaneous transhepatic or intravenous cholangiography or fistulography).RESULTS: The procedure was technically and diagnostically successful in all cases. Therapeutic procedures (stenting, dilation, litholysis) were also performed using the transjejunal approach in 7 patients and in 6 of them complete pathological resolution was achieved. There were no complications.CONCLUSIONS: Different pathologies of the biliary tree, in patients with bilio-enteric anastomoses, have been identified and treated by this technique; they were fistulas, anastomotic and/or multiple segmental benign or malignant stenoses of the bile duct, and diffuse intrahepatic lithiasis. The procedure was safe and reliable.
|
['Adult', 'Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Biliary Tract Diseases', 'Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures', 'Catheterization', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Jejunum', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography']
| 9,526,583
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E04.035'], ['C06.130'], ['E04.210.120'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['A03.620'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Collection of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) using CO2 and enantiomers of 1-octen-3-ol in the United Kingdom.
|
The host kairomones carbon dioxide (CO2) and 1-octen-3-ol elicit a host seeking response in a wide range of haematophagous Diptera. This study investigates the response of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) to these cues using field-based experiments at two sites in the United Kingdom with very different species complements. Traps used for surveillance (miniature CDC model 512) and control (Mosquito Magnet Pro) were modified to release ratios of (R)- and (S)-1-octen-3-ol enantiomers in combination with CO2 and, in the case of the latter trap type, a thermal cue. Abundance and species diversity were then compared between these treatments and against collections made using a trap with a CO2 lure only, in a Latin square design. In both habitats, results demonstrated that semiochemical lures containing a high proportion of the (R)-enantiomer consistently attracted a greater abundance of host-seeking Culicoides females than any other treatment. Culicoides collected using an optimal stimulus of 500 ml/min CO2 combined with 4.1 mg/h (R)-1-octen-3-ol were then compared with those collected on sheep through the use of a drop trap. While preliminary in nature, this trial indicated Culicoides species complements are similar between collections made using the drop trap in comparison to the semiochemical-baited CDC trap, and that there are advantages in using (R)-1-octen-3-ol.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Ceratopogonidae', 'Female', 'Insect Control', 'Livestock', 'Octanols', 'United Kingdom']
| 22,308,779
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.425'], ['B01.050.050.116.500'], ['D02.033.415.600', 'D10.289.600'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Analysis of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) work in Zhumadian city, 2001 - 2009].
|
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the current status of maternal HIV infection, mother to child transmission, and the work accomplishments in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT).METHODS: During October, 2001 to May, 2009, HIV voluntary consultation and examination were carried out in 339 866 pregnant women in the urban areas, while 594 pregnant women who tested positive were intervened, and interventions were also conducted among 326 babies who were born to HIV positive mothers, including HIV immune body examination on the babies when they were 12 months and 18 months old.RESULTS: A total of 594 pregnant women were found HIV positive, with the positive rate of 0.17% (594/339 866). And the rate was declining year by year. The highest rate was 0.47% (37/7837) in 2002, and the lowest rate was 0.12% (86/73 343) in 2008. Of the 594 positive pregnant women, 228 (38.38%) terminated pregnancy voluntarily, 43 (7.24%) kept on pregnancy and 317 (53.37%) parturients. Of 326 babies born by the 317 parturients, 317 survived.298 received curbing intervention for mother to child transmission (PMTCT), the ratio was 94.01% (298/317). Of 224 babies who were 18 months old, 221 accepted examination, and 7 HIV positive. The maternal infant transmission rate after intervention was 3.17% (7/221).CONCLUSION: Through the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, the HIV infection status in the pregnant women can be timely observed, which can effectively decrease the level of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'China', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical', 'Pregnancy']
| 20,137,522
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N06.850.335.875'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Bistratene A: a novel compound causing changes in protein phosphorylation patterns in human leukemia cells.
|
Bistratene A, a polyether toxin isolated from the colonial ascidian Lissoclinum bistratum, causes incomplete differentiation of human leukemia (HL-60) cells apparently through a mechanism not involving protein kinase C. In view of the importance of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in cellular growth and differentiation we have investigated protein phosphorylation in these cells following exposure to bistratene A, using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Marked increases in the phosphorylation of a protein of 20 kDa, pl 6.7, and a basic protein of 25 kDa were observed after incubation with bistratene A. A comparison was made with cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and bryostatin 5. While changes in phosphorylation patterns were observed with these two compounds, the 20 kDa and 25 kDa proteins did not undergo phosphorylation changes. The 20 kDa protein was induced rapidly by very low concentrations of bistratene A reaching near maximal levels with 10 nM at 15 min exposure. This protein was found to be localised to the cytoplasm. Phosphoaminoacid analysis demonstrated that the majority of 32P was present in serine and tyrosine residues. The increased phosphorylation of the 20 kDa protein appeared to be due to hyperphosphorylation of existing protein although there was some increase in the amount of the protein. These results suggest that bistratene A will be a useful tool with which to investigate cellular differentiation mechanisms.
|
['Acetamides', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Bryostatins', 'Ethers, Cyclic', 'Humans', 'Lactones', 'Leukemia', 'Macrolides', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Pyrans', 'Spiro Compounds', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,429,868
|
[['D02.065.064', 'D02.241.081.018.110'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D02.540.576.500.937'], ['D02.355.291', 'D04.345.241'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.540'], ['C04.557.337'], ['D02.540.505', 'D02.540.576.500', 'D04.345.674.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D03.383.663'], ['D02.455.426.779', 'D04.711'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Demonstration of plasma proteinase inhibitors in beta 2-microglobulin amyloid deposits.
|
beta 2-microglobulin-related amyloidosis (A beta 2M) represents a frequent complication in long-term dialysis patients. Although the pathogenetic mechanism has yet to be fully understood, it is known that amyloid fibrils usually consist of intact molecules of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). Plasma proteinase inhibitors (PPI) are a broad family of glycoproteins with the function of eliminating unwanted proteolysis of serine proteases. Their role in amyloidogenesis has become a subject of intense discussion, especially since the recent identification of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in the beta-protein amyloid deposits of Alzheimer's disease. We evaluated immunohistochemically and biochemically the presence and distribution of several PPIs (alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, antithrombin III, alpha 2-macroglobulin and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase) and amyloid P component in A beta 2M deposits in osteo-articular and visceral tissues from dialysis patients with amyloidosis, as well as two carpal tunnel synovia from non-dialysis patients and one Alzheimer's brain as controls. The immunohistochemical study demonstrated that all but one (anti-alpha 1-antichymotrypsin) of the PPI antibodies tested showed varying degrees of positive reaction against A beta 2M deposits. All the antibodies (including anti-alpha 1-antichymotrypsin) also reacted to some extent with other non-amyloid visceral and connective tissue elements diffusely and/or selectively. Among them, only the reaction of anti-amyloid P component had significantly distinctive localization to A beta 2M deposits, which were identified in adjacent serial sections by Congo red staining and immunohistochemical reaction against anti-beta 2m.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Aged', 'Amyloid', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Female', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases', 'alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin', 'alpha-Macroglobulins', 'beta 2-Microglobulin']
| 1,280,700
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['D12.776.645.875'], ['D12.644.861.030', 'D12.776.124.050.050', 'D12.776.124.790.106.050', 'D12.776.377.715.085.050', 'D12.776.395.045', 'D12.776.872.030'], ['D12.776.124.050.080', 'D12.776.124.790.106.100', 'D12.776.124.790.720.100', 'D12.776.377.715.085.100', 'D12.776.377.715.647.100'], ['D12.776.124.790.223.100', 'D12.776.377.715.182.100', 'D12.776.395.550.489.100', 'D12.776.543.550.439.100', 'D23.050.301.500.100.175', 'D23.050.705.552.100.175']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Variation in Networks and Forms of Support for Care-Seeking Across the HIV Care Continuum in the Rural Southeastern United States.
|
PURPOSE: In spite of progress in understanding the importance of social support for health outcomes in Persons Living with HIV (PLWH), more remains to be known about mechanisms of support most beneficial at each stage of HIV treatment. In this study, we use a qualitative analytic approach to investigate the forms and sources of social support deemed most integral to the diagnosis, care engagement, and medication adherence behaviors of a diverse sample of PLWH in a mostly rural health district in the Southeastern United States.METHODS: In-depth interviews (N = 18) were collected during the qualitative phase of a larger mixed methods needs assessment for the Northeast Georgia Health District. A deductive-inductive analysis of participant narratives revealed variation in the perceived importance of particular forms and sources of social support during the initial versus advanced stages of HIV care.FINDINGS: PLWH identified the emotional, informational, and appraisal support provided by family as especially critical for emotional stability, coping, and care linkage during the initial stages of diagnosis and treatment. However, once in care, PLWH emphasized informational and instrumental forms of support from care providers and appraisal support from peers as key influences in care engagement and retention behaviors.CONCLUSION: Increased understanding of the social support mechanisms that contribute to the HIV treatment behaviors of PLWH can fill knowledge gaps in research and inform the efforts of health care providers seeking to leverage various aspects of the social support toward improving the care retention, health, and wellness outcomes of PLWH.
|
['Adult', 'Continuity of Patient Care', 'Female', 'Georgia', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Help-Seeking Behavior', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Qualitative Research', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Rural Population']
| 28,295,611
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.760.169', 'N02.421.585.169', 'N04.590.233.727.210'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.250', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.370'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['F01.145.813.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['N01.600.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Renin-angiotensin blockade reduces serum free testosterone in middle-aged men on haemodialysis and correlates with erythropoietin resistance.
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BACKGROUND: There are conflicting reports about the importance of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) on erythropoietin (Epo) sensitivity in haemodialysis patients, but the role of gender has not been studied specifically. The hypothesis underlying this study is that Epo resistance associated with RAS blockade (RASB) is specific to men and related to drug-induced lowering of circulating testosterone.METHODS: Men and women undergoing chronic haemodialysis were divided into groups according to whether or not they were receiving RASB. Serum was collected pre-dialysis for determination of free testosterone levels by enzyme immunoassay. Routine laboratory data and Epo doses were collated and analysed for the 3 month period prior to the measurement of the hormone level.RESULTS: Control women required more Epo than control men (P=0.002), but the Epo doses between men and women with RASB were similar. Men with RASB required more Epo than control men (P=0.002), but RASB had no effect on Epo requirements in women. There was a significant relationship between age and testosterone levels in control men (P=0.01) that was not present in men taking RASB. RASB was associated with lower levels of serum testosterone in men <60 years old (P=0.02), but had no effect on serum testosterone levels in older men or women. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that serum testosterone negatively correlated with Epo dose (P=0.045) when all groups of patients were considered together.CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that androgens may participate in Epo resistance associated with RASB in patients on haemodialysis, and that the effect is related to both gender and age.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Drug Resistance', 'Epoetin Alfa', 'Erythropoietin', 'Female', 'Hematinics', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Sex Factors', 'Testosterone']
| 15,735,242
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.519.162.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150.500', 'D12.776.395.240.150.750', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150.500', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['D27.505.954.502.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The use of panoramic radiograph to observe abnormal movement of condyle].
|
The abnormal movement of mandible is one of the three chief symptoms of TMJDS, it is described usually by the degree and type of mouth opening. We use close and open mouth position panoramic radiographs of 144 cases with TMJDS to observe the relationship between the head of condyle and the articular eminence. It can show the different degrees of movement of condyle and the degree of movement of both sides to see they are in balance or not. We classified the movement of the condyle in to six types, and measure the degree of mouth opening on the same film. The rela-tionship between the result of them and the climnical symptoms are then analysed. We concluded that the supermovement of the condyle, which cause the acute and chronic trauma to the structures of TMJ and related muscles and ligaments, is one of the chief etiologic factors of TMJDS. The method and advantages of using panoramic radiography to observe movement of condyle are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandibular Condyle', 'Middle Aged', 'Movement', 'Radiography, Panoramic', 'Temporomandibular Joint', 'Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome']
| 10,677,958
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632.600', 'A14.521.632.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['E01.370.350.700.720.750', 'E06.342.764.750'], ['A02.835.583.861', 'A14.907'], ['C05.500.607.221.897.897', 'C05.550.905.905', 'C05.651.243.897.897', 'C05.651.550.905', 'C07.320.610.291.897.897', 'C07.678.949']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Volumetric analysis of the posterior cranial fossa in a family with four generations of the Chiari malformation Type I.
|
OBJECT: Many authors have concluded that the Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is due to a smaller than normal posterior cranial fossa. In order to establish this smaller geometry as the cause of hindbrain herniation in a family, the authors of this paper performed volumetric analysis in a family found to have this malformation documented in 4 generations.METHODS: Members from this family found to have a CM-I by imaging underwent volumetric analysis of their posterior cranial fossa using the Cavalieri method.RESULTS: No member of this family found to have CM-I on preoperative imaging had a posterior fossa that was significantly smaller than that of age-matched controls.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that not all patients with a CM-I will have a reduced posterior cranial fossa volume. Although the mechanism for the development of hindbrain herniation in this cohort is unknown, this manifestation can be seen in multiple generations of a familial aggregation with normal posterior fossa capacity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arnold-Chiari Malformation', 'Cranial Fossa, Posterior', 'Encephalocele', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Pedigree', 'Rhombencephalon', 'Twins']
| 18,352,798
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.500.680.291', 'C16.131.666.680.291'], ['A01.456.830.200', 'A02.835.232.781.750.400'], ['C10.500.680.488', 'C16.131.666.680.488', 'C23.300.707.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['E05.393.673'], ['A08.186.211.132.810'], ['M01.438.873']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
DNA structural deformations in the interaction of the controller protein C.AhdI with its operator sequence.
|
Controller proteins such as C.AhdI regulate the expression of bacterial restriction-modification genes, and ensure that methylation of the host DNA precedes restriction by delaying transcription of the endonuclease. The operator DNA sequence to which C.AhdI binds consists of two adjacent binding sites, O(L) and O(R). Binding of C.AhdI to O(L) and to O(L) + O(R) has been investigated by circular permutation DNA-bending assays and by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. CD indicates considerable distortion to the DNA when bound by C.AhdI. Binding to one or two sites to form dimeric and tetrameric complexes increases the CD signal at 278 nm by 40 and 80% respectively, showing identical local distortion at both sites. In contrast, DNA-bending assays gave similar bend angles for both dimeric and tetrameric complexes (47 and 38 degrees, respectively). The relative orientation of C.AhdI dimers in the tetrameric complex and the structural role of the conserved Py-A-T sequences found at the centre of C-protein-binding sites are discussed.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Circular Dichroism', 'DNA Restriction-Modification Enzymes', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Operator Regions, Genetic']
| 17,426,137
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D08.811.150'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D12.776.260'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.650', 'G05.360.080.689.650', 'G05.360.340.024.686.645', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.645']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Toxicity of anthraquinones: differential effects of rumex seed extracts on rat organ weights and biochemical and haematological parameters.
|
The genus Rumex and related species such as Rheum and Polygonum are widely used as medicinal herbs and foods. They contain anthraquinones (AQ) such as emodin and chrysophanol as active ingredients, and there is concern about the toxicity of these compounds. This study evaluated the chronic effects of Rumex patientia seed aqueous and ethanolic extracts, in male and female rats separately, on organ weights and over 30 haematological, biochemical and histological parameters, immediately after 14-week administration and after a further period of 15 days without drug treatment. Adverse changes were associated with long-term AQ administration, and these focussed on the liver, lung and kidney, but after 15-day convalescence, most had reverted to normal. In general, male rats appeared to be more susceptible than female rats at similar doses. The water extract produced no irreversible changes, which may reflect the lower dose of the AQ constituents or the presence of different ancillary compounds, and supports the traditional method of extracting Rumex seeds with water. In conclusion, ethanolic extracts of R. patientia caused irreversible pathological changes at very high doses (4000mg/kg), but lower doses and aqueous extracts produced either non-significant or reversible changes. Long-term administration of high doses of AQ extracts over a long period of time should be avoided until further assurances can be given, and given other existing reports of reproductive toxicity, should be avoided altogether during pregnancy.
|
['Animals', 'Anthraquinones', 'Emodin', 'Female', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Rumex', 'Seeds', 'Toxicity Tests, Chronic']
| 25,753,342
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117.159', 'D02.806.100', 'D04.615.117.159'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117.159.353', 'D02.806.100.353', 'D04.615.117.159.353'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.825.850'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['E05.940.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peptide-derivatized dendrimers inhibit human cytomegalovirus infection by blocking virus binding to cell surface heparan sulfate.
|
Dendrimers are hyperbranched synthetic well-defined molecules with a number of potential applications, especially in relation to the need for new antiviral agents. One subclass of dendrimers are peptide-derivatized dendrimers which consist of a peptidyl branching core and covalently attached surface peptide functional units. Few studies have addressed the potential uses of peptide dendrimers as direct-acting antiviral agents. Here, we report on the ability of two peptide dendrimers, SB105 and SB105_A10, to directly and almost completely inhibit human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in both primary fibroblasts and endothelial cells; the agents were also found to inhibit murine CMV replication, whereas they were not able to inhibit adenovirus or vesicular stomatitis virus. The peptide dendrimers prevented adsorption of the HCMV to cells at 4 degrees C, whereas SB104, a dendrimer with a different amino acid sequence within the functional group and minimal anticytomegaloviral activity, was ineffective in blocking HCMV attachment. In effect, SB105_A10 bound to human cells through an interaction with cell surface heparan sulfate and thereby blocked virion attachment to target cells. These results indicate that the SB105 and SB105_A10 dendrimers could provide a useful starting point for the development of novel molecules to block HCMV infection.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Adenoviridae Infections', 'Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytomegalovirus', 'Dendrimers', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Fibroblasts', 'Heparitin Sulfate', 'Herpesviridae Infections', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Muromegalovirus', 'Peptides', 'Rhabdoviridae Infections', 'Vesiculovirus', 'Virus Attachment', 'Virus Replication']
| 20,083,141
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['C01.925.256.076'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['B04.280.382.150.150'], ['D05.750.327', 'E02.319.300.380.200', 'J01.637.512.600.200'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.436.275'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D09.698.373.425'], ['C01.925.256.466'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B04.280.382.150.500'], ['D12.644'], ['C01.925.782.580.830'], ['B04.820.480.937.750.900'], ['G06.920.868'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Liver disease and its effect on haemostasis during liver transplantation.
|
In a prospective study involving 25 consecutive adult orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) patients, of whom 23 had cirrhosis, we have related pretransplantation recipient parameters to blood loss during transplantation. In phase 1 (explantation of diseased liver) blood loss was 0.1-7.2 1, in phase 3 (following restoration of the portal blood flow after implantation) 0.1-39.7 1, and total blood loss was 1.6-47.2, median 9.2 1. Five patients (20%) died from causes directly related to defective haemostasis during the operation. Pretransplantation cholinesterase, antithrombin III and albumin correlated most strongly with blood loss in phase 1; a history of ascites, antithrombin III and cholinesterase levels correlated with blood loss in phase 3, and a history of ascites, urinary sodium and antithrombin III with total blood loss. Cholestasis did not influence blood loss. Portal hypertension per se presumably played only a restricted role. A pretransplant 24-h urinary sodium excretion of 10 mmol or less and a serum sodium of 132 mmol/l or less were highly predictive of blood loss exceeding 10 1 during OLT. Urinary sodium determination under test conditions and serum sodium measurement should already be part of the assessment of potential OLT candidates by the referring hospital.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Budd-Chiari Syndrome', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Hemostasis', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies']
| 2,995,751
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C06.552.347', 'C14.907.355.830.925.275'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['C23.550.414'], ['G09.188.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['C06.130.120.135.250.250', 'C06.552.150.250', 'C06.552.630.400', 'C23.550.355.412.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Correlation between arterial and venous blood gas analysis parameters in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
|
INTRODUCTION: Arterial blood gas (ABG) analyses have an important role in the assessment and monitoring of the metabolic and oxygen status of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Arterial puncture could have a lot of adverse effects, while sampling of venous blood is simpler and is not so invasive.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether venous blood gas (VBG) values of pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), partial oxygen pressure (PO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), and venous and arterial blood oxygen saturation (SO2) can reliably predict ABG levels in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.METHODS: Forty-seven patients with a prior diagnosis of COPD were included in this prospective study. The patients with acute exacerbation of this disease were examined at the General Hospital EMS Department in Prijepolje. ABG samples were taken immediately after venous sampling, and both were analyzed.RESULTS: The Pearson correlation coefficients between arterial and venous parameters were 0.828, 0.877, 0.599, 0.896 and 0.312 for pH, PCO2, PO2, HCO3 and SO2, respectively. The statistically significant correlation between arterial and venous pH, PCO2 and HCO3, values was found in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: When we cannot provide arterial blood for analysis, venous values of the pH, Pv,CO2 and HCO3 parameters can be an alternative to their arterial equivalents in the interpretation of the metabolic status in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD, while the values of venous Pv,O, and Sv,O2 cannot be used as predictors in the assessment of oxygen status of such patients.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arteries', 'Bicarbonates', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'Partial Pressure', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Veins']
| 23,092,027
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A07.015.114'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G01.374.715.714'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The epidemiology of firework-related injuries in the United States: 2000-2010.
|
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to examine the epidemiology of firework-related injuries among an emergency department (ED) nationally representative population of the United States for the years 2000-2010, including whether the type of firework causing the injury is differential by patient demographics and whether the severity of injury is associated with the firework type.METHODS: The data analysed in this study was collected from the Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC's) National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS).RESULTS: A total of 2812 injuries represented an estimated 97,562 firework-related injuries treated in emergency departments within the United States from 2000 to 2010. The incidence generally decreased over time. With respect to age, the rate was higher for children, with the highest rates being observed for 10-19 year olds (7.28 per 100,000 persons) and 0-9 year olds (5.45 per 100,000 persons). The injury rate was nearly three times higher for males compared to the female counterparts (4.48 vs. 1.57 per 100,000 persons). Females were less likely than males to severely injure themselves with all types of fireworks besides sparklers/novelty devices (OR 1.08, CI 0.26-4.38).DISCUSSION: The results from this suggest that firework-related injuries have decreased by nearly 30% over the 11-year period between 2000 and 2010. Moreover, there has been a decreasing trend in the type of firework causing injury for every firework type excluding the unspecified firework type. However, adolescents of 10-19 years old had the highest rate of injury for fireworks over the 11-year period. In addition odds of injury are differential by firework type.CONCLUSION: Understanding the specific types of fireworks may lead to better preventative methods and regulations. Moreover, preventative methods should be taken to reduce the rate of firework-related injuries among U.S. youths [1], and possibly more regulations and enforcement of laws geared towards prohibiting novice use of fireworks.
|
['Accident Prevention', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Blast Injuries', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Eye Injuries', 'Facial Injuries', 'Female', 'Hand Injuries', 'Health Promotion', 'Holidays', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Population Surveillance', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United States']
| 25,047,335
|
[['N06.850.135.060'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['C26.120.126'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['C10.900.300.284.250', 'C11.297', 'C26.915.300.425.250'], ['C10.900.300.284', 'C26.915.300.425'], ['C26.448'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['I03.450.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Interference with the humoral immune response in diverse genetic lines of chickens. II. The effect of colloidal carbon.
|
Two experiments were conducted to study the difference in humoral immune responses between lines of chickens selected for high (H) or low (L) antibody production to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Prior to i.v. immunization with SRBC or Brucella abortus (BA), chicks of both lines were injected with either 2, 3 or 4 ml carbon suspension (59 mg carbon/ml) per kg body weight; controls were not injected. In both the H and L line, a higher dose of carbon showed a more progressive depression of the total antibody titer to SRBC during the initial stage of the primary response. The 2ME-resistant antibody titers to SRBC showed the same tendency during the latter phase of the primary response. However, chicks treated with 3 ml carbon had lower 2ME-resistant antibody titers than any other group. Following i.m. reimmunization with SRBC, the previous treatment with carbon doses enhanced total antibody titers throughout the secondary response, when compared to the controls. The 3 ml carbon-treated chicks had the highest total anti-SRBC titers in the secondary response. The secondary 2ME-resistant anti-SRBC titers were not affected by the carbon doses. Carbon treatment did not affect the antibody titers to BA. No differences between the H and L line were found in the effects of carbon on the humoral immune responses to SRBC or BA.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Brucella abortus', 'Carbon', 'Chickens', 'Erythrocytes', 'Immunization', 'Mercaptoethanol', 'Sheep']
| 2,515,649
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['B03.440.400.425.215.500.100', 'B03.660.050.070.100.100'], ['D01.268.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D02.033.375.534', 'D02.886.489.409'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A case of abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with L-shaped crossed-fused renal ectopia.
|
Genitourinary anomalies are a tremendous challenge for the vascular surgeon, especially when dealing with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. We report a case of crossed-fused renal ectopia, a rare anomaly accompanied by abdominal aortic aneurysm. Bilateral renal arteries and one aberrant artery from the right common iliac artery supply the ectopic kidney. Because renal ischemia during aortic reconstruction can be a serious problem, we reconstructed a temporary right axillo-left renal artery bypass graft first, then reimplanted the aberrant renal artery. When choosing the procedure for renal preservation, preoperative multidetector-row computed tomography was useful to plan the operative strategy.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Aortography', 'Choristoma', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Artery', 'Replantation', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Grafting']
| 21,035,712
|
[['E04.035'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.070', 'E01.370.370.050.070'], ['C23.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['E04.936.494'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.100.814.868']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester: comparison between population groups from different ethnic origins.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare normal ranges of ultrasonographically measured fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester between different ethnic groups.METHOD: A prospective, non-interventional study in order to establish normal ranges of fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester in a Greek population was conducted in 1220 singleton fetuses between 18 completed weeks and 23 weeks and 6 days of gestation. A literature search followed in order to identify similar studies in different population groups. Fetal nasal bone length mean values and percentiles from different population groups were compared.RESULTS: Analysis of measurements in the Greek population showed a linear association, i.e., increasing nasal bone length with increasing gestational age from 5.73 mm at 18 weeks to 7.63 mm at 23 weeks. Eleven studies establishing normal ranges of fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester were identified. Comparison of fetal nasal bone length mean values between the 12 population groups showed statistically significant differences (P<0.0001).CONCLUSION: Normal ranges of fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester vary significantly between different ethnic groups. Hence, distinct ethnic nomograms of fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester should be used in a given population rather than an international model.
|
['Continental Population Groups', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Greece', 'Humans', 'Nasal Bone', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 25,503,860
|
[['M01.686.508'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.665', 'A04.531.378'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
rpoB gene as a novel molecular marker to infer phylogeny in Planctomycetales.
|
The 16S rRNA gene has been used in the last decades as a gold standard for determining the phylogenetic position of bacteria and their taxonomy. It is a well conserved gene, with some variations, present in all bacteria and allows the reconstruction of genealogies of microorganisms. Nevertheless, this gene has its limitations when inferring phylogenetic relationships between closely related isolates. To overcome this problem, DNA-DNA hybridization appeared as a solution to clarify interspecies relationships when the sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA gene is above 97 %. However, this technique is time consuming, expensive and laborious and so, researchers developed other molecular markers such as sequencing of housekeeping or functional genes for accurate determination of bacterial phylogeny. One of these genes that have been used successfully, particularly in clinical microbiology, codes for the beta subunit of the RNA polymerase (rpoB). The rpoB gene is sufficiently conserved to be used as a molecular clock, it is present in all bacteria and it is a mono-copy gene. In this study, rpoB gene sequencing was applied to the phylum Planctomycetes. Based on the genomes of 19 planctomycetes it was possible to determine the correlation between the rpoB gene sequence and the phylogenetic position of the organisms at a 95-96 % sequence similarity threshold for a novel species. A 1200-bp fragment of the rpoB gene was amplified from several new planctomycetal isolates and their intra and inter-species relationships to other members of this group were determined based on a 96.3 % species border and 98.2 % for intraspecies resolution.
|
['Bacteria', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Gene Amplification', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genetic Variation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S']
| 23,904,187
|
[['B03'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.365'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Glomerulonephritis and exposure to organic solvents. A case-control study.
|
Fifty patients with biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis and 100 sex- and age-matched controls (50 patients each with non-glomerular renal disease or acute appendicitis) were asked by questionnaire and a telephone interview whether they had been exposed to organic solvents. The questioning and the evaluation of the exposure, if any, was made without knowing the diagnosis of the interviewee. Fifty per cent of the patients with glomerulonephritis reported more than slight exposure, but only 20% of the controls. Exposure to organic solvents may often play a role in the causation of glomerulonephritis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Glomerulonephritis', 'Humans', 'Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Solvents']
| 474,184
|
[]
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[]
| 0
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