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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The repeatability of tear mucus ferning grading.
|
PURPOSE: Rolando's classification system for tear mucus ferning patterns subjectively assigns grades based on the size and spacing between ferns. Grade 1 and 2 patterns are considered "normal," whereas grade 3 and 4 patterns are often associated with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. This study was designed to examine the intraobserver and interobserver repeatability of Rolando's system.METHODS: Photographic slides (N = 418) of portions of tear ferning patterns were randomly assembled, numbered, and graded by two investigators (I1 and I2). I1 graded the slides twice; the slides were remixed under masked conditions between the first and second runs. I2 graded the slides once, independent of I1.RESULTS: For the four-grade system, intraobserver agreement was 85.41% (simple kappa = 0.75; 95% confidence interval ]CI] = 0.69-0.82). Interobserver agreement was 80.62% (kappa = 0.67; CI = 0.60-0.74) and 86.12% (kappa = 0.75; CI = 0.68-0.83) for the first and second runs of I1, respectively. Analysis of the ability to simply classify normal (grade 1 and 2) from abnormal (grade 3 and 4) patterns revealed intraobserver repeatability of 94.50% (kappa = 0.76; CI = 0.67-0.86). Interobserver agreement was 92.10% (kappa = 0.65; CI = 0.56-0.75) and 94.26% (kappa = 0.71; CI = 0.62-0.81) for the first and second runs, respectively.CONCLUSION: Based on the high rate of agreement between intraobserver and interobserver trials, Rolando's grading system appears to be an easy and consistent method for the classification of tear ferning patterns.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Classification', 'Crystallization', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucus', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Tears']
| 9,734,804
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['L01.100', 'L01.453.245.275'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.187.183.394.500', 'C11.204.564.585.630', 'C11.496.260.394'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.200.503'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A12.200.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Resistance of wild birds to infection by Chlamydia psittaci of mammalian origin.
|
Numerous species of birds are natural hosts of C. psittaci and have been implicated as sources of certain strains that cause disease in other vertebrate species, notably those producing psittacosis or ornithosis in humans [1]. Although direct evidence of their involvement in the transmission of chlamydiae to other mammals, especially domesticated ruminants, has not been reported, a careful examination of this possibility is justified [1]. When inoculated parenterally, polyarthritis-producing chlamydiae of ovine origin affected leg joints of turkeys, and abortion-producing chlamydiae of ovine origin was infectious for pigeons and fatal for sparrows [2]. However, several species of small wild birds (three of which were used in the experiments reported here), when inoculated perorally with C. psittaci of turkey origin, seroconverted (36%) and shed the organism (79%) [3]. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine whether strains of C. psittaci from domesticated ruminants would infect, multiply in, or be shed by these wild birds. The results indicate that these species of birds are not natural hosts or biologic vectors of these strains. However, considering the heterogeneity of Chlamydia species, certain birds may harbor strains that are associated with naturally occurring infections in some animals. The results also are additional evidence of the more restricted host range of mammalian Chlamydia species as compared to that of avian isolates.
|
['Animals', 'Bird Diseases', 'Birds', 'Disease Vectors', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Psittacosis']
| 6,822,754
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.131'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['N06.850.335.188', 'N06.850.520.203.375'], ['G12.450.564'], ['C01.150.252.400.210.250.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Kinetic characterization of the nitric oxide toxicity for PC12 cells: effect of half-life time of NO release.
|
We investigated the effects of low concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) on cell viability using NO donors, (+/-)-(E)-4-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hex enamid e (NOR1), (+/-)-(E)-4-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-3-hexenamide (NOR2), (+/-)-(E)-4-ethyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-3-hexenamide (NOR3) and (+/-)-N-[(E)-4-ethyl-2-[(Z)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-3-hexen-1- yl]-3-pyr idine (NOR4). The half-life times of the NO release from these four NOR analogs, NOR1, NOR2, NOR3 and NOR4, were determined (6.5, 84, 105 and 340 min, respectively) by using 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2), a newly developed indicator of NO. Exposure of undifferentiated PC12 cells to low concentrations of NO donors, NOR2 or NOR3 (1-100 microM), but not NOR1 nor NOR4, resulted in cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as determined from cell viability assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. After 24 h exposure to 50 microM NOR2 or NOR3, more than 90% of PC12 cells had died. Furthermore, while the toxic effect of NOR3 was attenuated by replacing the medium at 20 min, 1 or 2 h after drug addition, it was continued by replacing the medium at 3 h or later after drug addition. The cell death was characterized by DNA degradation, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, suggesting apoptosis-like cell death. Pretreatment with an antioxidant ascorbic acid (0.1-0.5 mM) completely prevented the cell death caused by NOR3, while glutathione (0.1-0.2 mM) and cysteine (0.2-0.4 mM) provided partial protection. These findings suggest that the cell toxicity induced by NO at low concentrations strongly depends upon the duration of expose to NO from NO donors, and these toxic effects are effectively prevented by the antioxidant, ascorbic acid.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Cell Survival', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Cysteine', 'DNA', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Glutathione', 'Half-Life', 'Kinetics', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitro Compounds', 'Oxadiazoles', 'PC12 Cells', 'Quinoxalines', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 10,844,095
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['G04.346'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.200.230'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160.325', 'D13.695.462.275.325', 'D13.695.667.454.160.325', 'D13.695.827.426.160.325'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['G01.910.405'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D02.640'], ['D03.383.129.462.580'], ['A11.251.210.190.750', 'A11.251.860.180.750', 'A11.299.500'], ['D03.633.100.857'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tort reform: an issue for nurse practitioners.
|
PURPOSE: To inform nurse practitioners (NPs) about the issues related to tort reform and its relationship to malpractice insurance costs.DATA SOURCES: Current journals, newspapers, professional newsletters, and Internet sites.CONCLUSIONS: NPs are paying more for their malpractice premiums, and many are losing their places of employment as clinics close due to the increased cost of premiums. One method proposed for curbing the flow of monies spent on premiums and litigation is tort law reform. California serves as an example; its Medical Injury Compensation Reform Act (MICRA) tort reform law was passed 25 years ago, and it has maintained stable malpractice premiums. Other states have proposed similar laws, but some have not had similar success. To curb litigation costs, not only should tort laws be reformed, but NPs and physicians should keep abreast of current practice standards in order to provide quality medical care.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Like physicians, NPs are affected directly by tort laws. These laws hold NPs accountable at the same level as physicians. In addition, many states limit NPs' practice to delegation of authority by a physician. Liability is therefore transferred from the NP to the physician and vice versa in cases of injury or wrongful act. In addition, many NPs are finding it increasingly difficult to locate insurers who will write policies for medical liability.
|
['Federal Government', 'Fees and Charges', 'Health Care Reform', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Liability', 'Liability, Legal', 'Malpractice', 'Medical Errors', 'Nurse Practitioners', 'State Government', 'United States']
| 15,055,424
|
[['I01.409.137', 'I01.409.418.625', 'N03.540.348.500', 'N03.540.400.750'], ['N03.219.442'], ['I01.655.500.608.400.285', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400.285', 'N03.349.285', 'N03.623.500.608.428.285', 'N04.590.374.285', 'N05.300.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.443'], ['I01.880.604.583.490', 'N03.706.535.547'], ['I01.880.604.583.524', 'N03.706.535.606'], ['N02.421.450'], ['M01.526.485.650.640', 'N02.360.650.640'], ['I01.409.775', 'N03.540.348.875'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Loss of DNA mismatch repair imparts a selective advantage in planarian adult stem cells.
|
Lynch syndrome (LS) leads to an increased risk of early-onset colorectal and other types of cancer and is caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Loss of MMR function results in a mutator phenotype that likely underlies its role in tumorigenesis. However, loss of MMR also results in the elimination of a DNA damage-induced checkpoint/apoptosis activation barrier that may allow damaged cells to grow unchecked. A fundamental question is whether loss of MMR provides pre-cancerous stem cells an immediate selective advantage in addition to establishing a mutator phenotype. To test this hypothesis in an in vivo system, we utilized the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea which contains a significant population of identifiable adult stem cells. We identified a planarian homolog of human MSH2, a MMR gene which is mutated in 38% of LS cases. The planarian Smed-msh2 is expressed in stem cells and some progeny. We depleted Smed-msh2 mRNA levels by RNA-interference and found a striking survival advantage in these animals treated with a cytotoxic DNA alkylating agent compared to control animals. We demonstrated that this tolerance to DNA damage is due to the survival of mitotically active, MMR-deficient stem cells. Our results suggest that loss of MMR provides an in vivo survival advantage to the stem cell population in the presence of DNA damage that may have implications for tumorigenesis.
|
['Adult Stem Cells', 'Alkylating Agents', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Mismatch Repair', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mitosis', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Planarians', 'RNA Interference', 'Regeneration', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 21,747,960
|
[['A11.872.040'], ['D27.505.519.124', 'D27.888.569.035'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222.220', 'G05.219.220'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.847.610'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['G16.762'], ['G05.783'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evidence for a nitrate-independent function of the nitrate sensor NRT1.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.
|
NRT1.1 is a putative nitrate sensor and is involved in many nitrate-dependent responses. On the other hand, a nitrate-independent function of NRT1.1 has been implied, but the clear-cut evidence is unknown. We found that NRT1.1 mutants showed enhanced tolerance to concentrated ammonium as sole N source in Arabidopsis thaliana. This unique phenotype was not observed in mutants of NLP7, which has been suggested to play a role in the nitrate-dependent signaling pathway. Our real-time PCR analysis, and evidence from a literature survey revealed that several genes relevant to the aliphatic glucosinolate-biosynthetic pathway were regulated via a nitrate-independent signal from NRT1.1. When taken together, the present study strongly suggests the existence of a nitrate-independent function of NRT1.1.
|
['Anion Transport Proteins', 'Arabidopsis', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Glucosinolates', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Mutation', 'Nitrates', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Shoots', 'Quaternary Ammonium Compounds']
| 21,052,766
|
[['D12.776.157.530.450.074', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D02.886.740.703.350', 'D09.408.348.820.350', 'D09.408.903.703.350'], ['G02.300'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.400'], ['A18.024.875'], ['D01.625.062.500', 'D02.092.877', 'D02.675.276']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Selection of plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas spp. that enhanced productivity of soybean-wheat cropping system in Central India.
|
The aim of this investigation was to select effective Pseudomonas sp. strains that can enhance the productivity of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Out of 13 strains of Pseudomonas species tested in vitro, only five strains displayed plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties. All the strains significantly increased soil enzyme activities, except acid phosphatase, total system productivity, and nutrient uptake in field evaluation; soil nutrient status was not significantly influenced. Available data indicated that six strains were better than the others. Principal component analysis (PCA) coupled cluster analysis of yield and nutrient data separated these strains into five distinct clusters with only two effective strains, GRP3 and HHRE81 in cluster IV. In spite of single cluster formation by strains GRP3 and HHRE81, they were diverse owing to greater intracluster distance (4.42) between each other. These results suggest that the GRP3 and HHRE81 strains may be used to increase the productivity efficiency of soybean-wheat cropping systems in Vertisols of Central India. Moreover, the PCA coupled cluster analysis tool may help in the selection of other such strains.
|
['Cluster Analysis', 'Enzymes', 'Genetic Variation', 'India', 'Pseudomonas', 'Soybeans', 'Triticum']
| 22,127,123
|
[['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D08.811'], ['G05.365'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625', 'B03.660.250.580.590'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Echo Particle Image Velocimetry for Estimation of Carotid Artery Wall Shear Stress: Repeatability, Reproducibility and Comparison with Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
|
Measurement of hemodynamic wall shear stress (WSS) is important in investigating the role of WSS in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Echo particle image velocimetry (echo PIV) is a novel ultrasound-based technique for measuring WSS in vivo that has previously been validated in vitro using the standard optical PIV technique. We evaluated the repeatability and reproducibility of echo PIV for measuring WSS in the human common carotid artery. We measured WSS in 28 healthy participants (18 males and 10 females, mean age: 56 ± 12 y). Echo PIV was highly repeatable, with an intra-observer variability of 1.0 ± 0.1 dyn/cm2 for peak systolic (maximum), 0.9 dyn/cm2 for mean and 0.5 dyn/cm2 for end-diastolic (minimum) WSS measurements. Likewise, echo PIV was reproducible, with a low inter-observer variability (max: 2.0 ± 0.2 dyn/cm2, mean: 1.3 ± 0.1 dyn/cm2, end-diastolic: 0.7 dyn/cm2) and more variable inter-scan (test-retest) variability (max: 7.1 ± 2.3 dyn/cm2, mean: 2.9 ± 0.4 dyn/cm2, min: 1.5 ± 0.1 dyn/cm2). We compared echo PIV with the reference method, phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI); echo PIV-based WSS measurements agreed qualitatively with PC-MRI measurements (r = 0.89, p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed in some WSS measurements (echo PIV vs. PC-MRI): WSS at peak systole: 21 ± 7.0 dyn/cm2 vs. 15 ± 5.0 dyn/cm2; time-averaged WSS: 8.9 ± 3.0 dyn/cm2 vs. 7.1 ± 3.0 dyn/cm2 (p < 0.05); WSS at end diastole: 3.8 ± 2.8 dyn/cm2 vs. 3.9 ± 2 dyn/cm2 (p > 0.05). For the first time, we report that echo PIV can measure WSS with good repeatability and reproducibility in adult humans with a broad age range. Echo PIV is feasible in humans and offers an easy-to-use, ultrasound-based, quantitative technique for measuring WSS in vivo in humans with good repeatability and reproducibility.
|
['Blood Flow Velocity', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Rheology', 'Ultrasonography']
| 28,501,327
|
[['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Comorbidities and functional impairments in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder].
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess comorbidities and functional impairments in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to investigate their relationship with the core symptoms (attention deficit and hyperactivity) of ADHD.METHODS: A total of 319 children with suspected ADHD were included in the study. The Vanderbilt ADHD Parent Rating Scale (VADPRS) was completed by their parents. Diagnosis and classification were performed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition. Comorbidities and functional impairments were evaluated according to the VADPRS. Children with various types of ADHD were compared in terms of comorbidities and functional impairments, and their relationship with the core symptoms of ADHD was analyzed.RESULTS: Of the 319 children, 196 were diagnosed with ADHD, including 84 cases of predominantly inattentive type (ADHD-I), 35 cases of predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type (ADHD-HI) and 77 cases of combined type (ADHD-C); 123 did not meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD. At least one other psychiatric disorder (oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder or emotional disorder) was seen in 63.8% (125/196) of the children with ADHD, versus 37.4 % (46/123) of the children without ADHD (P<0.05). The incidence of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder in the ADHD-C subgroup was significantly higher than in the ADHD-I subgroup (P<0.05). The sums of oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder and emotional disorder symptoms were weakly correlated with the sums of hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive symptoms (P<0.01). Up to 89.8% of children with ADHD and 74.8% of children without ADHD showed functional impairments (P<0.05). The ADHD-C subgroup had a significantly higher overall incidence of functional impairments than the ADHD-I and ADHD-HI subgroups (P<0.05). The sum of inattentive symptoms was weakly correlated with the scores of learning ability, sibling relationship and participation in organized activities (P<0.01), and the sum of hyperactive-impulsive symptoms was weakly correlated with the score of sibling relationship (P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of comorbidities and functional impairments among children with ADHD is high, especially in those with ADHD-C. The severity of core symptoms in children with ADHD can influence the occurrence of comorbidities and functional impairments. The incidence of psychiatric disorders and functional impairments is also high in children with suspected ADHD who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, so attention also needs to be paid to interventions among these children.
|
['Adolescent', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 24,034,913
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Automated selection of stabilizing mutations in designed and natural proteins.
|
The ability to engineer novel protein folds, conformations, and enzymatic activities offers enormous potential for the development of new protein therapeutics and biocatalysts. However, many de novo and redesigned proteins exhibit poor hydrophobic packing in their predicted structures, leading to instability or insolubility. The general utility of rational, structure-based design would greatly benefit from an improved ability to generate well-packed conformations. Here we present an automated protocol within the RosettaDesign framework that can identify and improve poorly packed protein cores by selecting a series of stabilizing point mutations. We apply our method to previously characterized designed proteins that exhibited a decrease in stability after a full computational redesign. We further demonstrate the ability of our method to improve the thermostability of a well-behaved native protein. In each instance, biophysical characterization reveals that we were able to stabilize the original proteins against chemical and thermal denaturation. We believe our method will be a valuable tool for both improving upon designed proteins and conferring increased stability upon native proteins.
|
['Automation', 'Biocatalysis', 'Models, Molecular', 'Mutation', 'Proteins']
| 22,307,603
|
[['J01.897.104'], ['G02.111.086', 'G02.130.500', 'G03.105'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The medical specialist for insurance medicine--the Flemish residency].
|
Insurance medicine is becoming more and more important. Currently, there are few countries in Europe where insurance medicine is recognised as an independent discipline; the Netherlands is one example. Since 2007 the "Specialist in Insurance Medicine and Medico-legal Expertise" is recognised in Belgium. This article will give an overview of the residency of Flemish physicians. By enactment, this consists of a theoretical and a practical section. This way of education should open broad possibilities in private and social insurance medicine, but also in the research sector.
|
['Curriculum', 'Insurance, Health', 'Internship and Residency', 'Medicine', 'Netherlands']
| 22,486,051
|
[['I02.158'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['H02.403'], ['Z01.542.651']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis from a heterozygous mutation of the V-ATPase B1 subunit.
|
Congenital distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) from mutations of the B1 subunit of V-ATPase is considered an autosomal recessive disease. We analyzed a distal RTA kindred with a truncation mutation of B1 (p.Phe468fsX487) previously shown to have failure of assembly into the V1 domain of V-ATPase. All heterozygous carriers in this kindred have normal plasma HCO3- concentrations and thus evaded the diagnosis of RTA. However, inappropriately high urine pH, hypocitraturia, and hypercalciuria were present either individually or in combination in the heterozygotes at baseline. Two of the heterozygotes studied also had inappropriate urinary acidification with acute ammonium chloride loading and an impaired urine-blood Pco2 gradient during bicarbonaturia, indicating the presence of a H+ gradient and flux defects. In normal human renal papillae, wild-type B1 is located primarily on the plasma membrane, but papilla from one of the heterozygote who had kidney stones but not nephrocalcinosis showed B1 in both the plasma membrane as well as diffuse intracellular staining. Titration of increasing amounts of the mutant B1 subunit did not exhibit negative dominance over the expression, cellular distribution, or H+ pump activity of wild-type B1 in mammalian human embryonic kidney-293 cells and in V-ATPase-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This is the first demonstration of renal acidification defects and nephrolithiasis in heterozygous carriers of a mutant B1 subunit that cannot be attributable to negative dominance. We propose that heterozygosity may lead to mild real acidification defects due to haploinsufficiency. B1 heterozygosity should be considered in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis and urinary abnormalities such as alkalinuria or hypocitraturia.
|
['Acidosis, Renal Tubular', 'Ammonium Chloride', 'Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte', 'Female', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Kidney Medulla', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases']
| 25,164,082
|
[['C12.777.419.815.093', 'C13.351.968.419.815.093', 'C16.320.831.093', 'C18.452.076.176.210'], ['D01.210.450.150.050', 'D01.625.062.249'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.162.193.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.437.249.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.656.249.500', 'D12.776.543.550.190.276.500', 'D12.776.543.550.779.249.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.193.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.437.249.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.776.249.500'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453.466'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325.875', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500.875', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500.875', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dysplasia epiphysialis multiplex: a case report.
|
The clinical features of a new patient with dysplasia epiphysialis multiplex are reported. Similar symptoms are present in four members of the family. This disease seems to be inherited as a simple dominant Mendelian trait. The disease mainly affects the epiphyses of the long bone and nearly always begins with pain in the hip-joint. Our patient presented radiological features of osteoporosis with calciotropic hormones within normal range and with a low trabecular bone volume. This histomorphometric bone study shows a low bone turnover osteoporosis, which suggests an altered trabecular development with a greater clinical expression in the epiphyses.
|
['Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Bone and Bones', 'Female', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Humans', 'Osteochondrodysplasias', 'Osteoporosis', 'Pedigree', 'Radiography']
| 3,731,721
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.099.708', 'C16.320.728'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A simple strand-specific RNA-Seq library preparation protocol combining the Illumina TruSeq RNA and the dUTP methods.
|
Preserving the original RNA orientation information in RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) experiment is essential to the analysis and understanding of the complexity of mammalian transcriptomes. We describe herein a simple, robust, and time-effective protocol for generating strand-specific RNA-seq libraries suited for the Illumina sequencing platform. We modified the Illumina TruSeq RNA sample preparation by implementing the strand specificity feature using the dUTP method. This protocol uses low amounts of starting material and allows a fast processing within two days. It can be easily implemented and requires only few additional reagents to the original Illumina kit.
|
['Deoxyuracil Nucleotides', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Library', 'Humans', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Transcriptome']
| 22,609,201
|
[['D03.383.742.686.850.210', 'D13.695.201.200', 'D13.695.740.850.210'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.360.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Frequent EGFR mutations in nonsmall cell lung cancer presenting with miliary intrapulmonary carcinomatosis.
|
Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presenting with miliary intrapulmonary carcinomatosis (MIPC) is rare. We investigated the clinical characteristics and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation rate of NSCLC patients with MIPC at initial diagnosis. From June 2004 to December 2008, we screened newly diagnosed NSCLC patients for MIPC using image-based criteria. We recorded clinical data and analysed EGFR mutation status. For comparison, we collected specimens from stage IV NSCLC patients without MIPC tested for EGFR mutations from April 2001 to November 2008. From 3,612 NSCLC patients, 85 patients with MIPC at initial diagnosis were identified; 81 had adenocarcinoma. Of the 85 patients, 60 had specimen sequencing to detect EGFR mutation; 42 (70%) were positive. Compared with 673 stage IV patients without MIPC, patients with MIPC had higher EGFR mutation rate (p=0.036); even male smokers had a high EGFR mutation rate (91%). Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival of the 85 patients with MIPC revealed that adenocarcinoma, absence of extrapulmonary metastasis and having EGFR mutation were associated with longer overall survival. NSCLC patients with MIPC at initial diagnosis had higher rates of adenocarcinoma and EGFR mutation. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition may be the treatment of choice for NSCLC patients with MIPC at initial diagnosis among Asians.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Female', 'Gefitinib', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Quinazolines', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,523,351
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D03.633.100.786.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.633.100.786'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Case report of flipper anatomic anomaly of Sotalia guianensis from Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro.
|
The cetacean flipper consists of a soft tissue that encases most of the forelimb containing humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. Several studies have documented the typical cetacean's flipper anatomy, but only a few described digital anomalies and the most common are fusions and supernumerary such as polydactily and polyphalangy. The flippers of the Guiana dolphin, Sotalia guianensis have a falciform general aspect showing individual differences and marks produced by individual contact in social interactions that mainly occur on the posterior border. Here, we report for the first time a case of flippers with anatomical anomalies of loss of digits and deviation of radius of an adult S. guianensis from Ba?a de Sepetiba (22°54'-23°04', 43°36'-44°02'W), Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil.
|
['Animal Fins', 'Animals', 'Brazil', 'Dolphins', 'Female', 'Forelimb', 'Radius']
| 23,630,189
|
[['A13.075'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.267'], ['A13.395'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.700']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Aggressive treatment of acute respiratory insufficiency.
|
Treatment of patients with severe acute respiratory insufficiency included application of end-expiratory pressure to an optimal level, precise cardiovascular monitoring, and adaptation of conventional respirators to provide intermittent mandatory ventilation. Of 90 patients with acute respiratory insufficiency secondary to trauma, sepsis, or complicated surgery, 65% survived. Mortality appeared to be independent of the level of end-expiratory pressure required. The goal of therapy was maximal reduction of intrapulmonary shunt without significantly decreasing cardiac function. In the group requiring more than 20 cm H2O end-expiratory pressure, shunt decreased from 48% at 5 cm of positive end-expiratory pressure to 21% at the optimal level. In only 6% of the entire group was significant pulmonary dysfunction present at the time of death. Most deaths (75%) were deemed secondary to failure of multiple organ systems, occurring late in the hospital course. Pneumothorax was recorded in 10% of the entire group. Acute respiratory insufficiency should be rapidly reversible in most cases if aggressive measures are employed with the intent of reversing functional impairment rather than improving arterial oxygenation to "satisfactory levels."
|
['Acute Disease', 'Humans', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Insufficiency', 'Ventilators, Mechanical']
| 779,041
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['C08.618.846'], ['E07.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Induction of hyporesponsiveness to fully allogeneic cardiac grafts by intratracheal delivery of alloantigen.
|
BACKGROUND: Soluble protein delivered through the mucosal surface can induce immunological unresponsiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine if prior exposure to alloantigen via the trachea could modulate the immune response to subsequent cardiac allografts.METHODS: Hearts from C57BL/10(H2b) mice were transplanted into CBA(H2k) recipients. Recipient mice were given donor 1x10(7) splenocytes into the trachea with or without antibody specific for mouse CD80 (1G10) and/or CD86 (GL1) (100 microg each) 7 days before transplantation.RESULTS: All grafts survived in recipients treated with intratracheal delivery of alloantigen for over 35 days (mean survival time [MST], 56 days), whereas naive control mice and mice treated with syngeneic antigen rejected grafts acutely (MST, 8 and 7 days, respectively). Interestingly, when 1G10, GL1, or both of them were combined with the protocol, the majority of grafts were rejected within 21 days after grafting (MST, 7, 15, and 17 days, respectively).CONCLUSION: Intratracheal delivery of alloantigen induced significantly prolonged survival of fully mismatched cardiac allografts and the effect was abrogated by the blockade CD80 and/or CD86 pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Graft Survival', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Isoantigens', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred CBA']
| 11,258,436
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['D23.050.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Thiamine pyrophosphate effect and erythrocyte transketolase activity during severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
|
The thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect and erythrocyte transketolase activity (ETKA) in a group of 28 patients admitted to a psychiatric emergency ward because of severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome were compared with the TPP effect and ETKA in a control group of 20 healthy nonalcoholic volunteers. The patients were treated with 300 mg thiamine 3 times daily as intramuscular injections, and the TPP effect and ETKA were measured after 1 and 4 days of treatment. No difference was found between the patient group and the control group with regard to the TPP effect and ETKA and no decline in the TPP effect was found in the patient group after 4 days of intensive treatment with thiamine. ETKA increased with intensive thiamine treatment, which suggests that ETKA is a sensitive indicator of thiamine deficiency. Serum magnesium, which is a cofactor for thiamine pyrophosphate, decreased significantly with the disappearance of alcohol from the blood in patients with high initial blood alcohol levels, but this shift did not interfere with biological thiamine activity.
|
['Adult', 'Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium', 'Alcoholism', 'Erythrocytes', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Magnesium', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'Thiamine Deficiency', 'Thiamine Pyrophosphate', 'Transketolase', 'Wernicke Encephalopathy']
| 8,213,210
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.720.112.200', 'C25.723.705.150.200', 'C25.775.100.087.193.200', 'C25.775.835.250', 'F03.900.100.100', 'F03.900.825.500'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D02.033.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.827'], ['D02.886.675.900.702', 'D03.383.129.708.900.702', 'D03.383.742.795.702', 'D08.211.878'], ['D08.811.913.200.825'], ['C10.228.140.163.960', 'C18.452.132.960', 'C18.654.521.500.133.699.827.822', 'C25.775.100.625', 'F03.900.100.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Labdane-type diterpenes from Hedychium gardnerianum with potent cytotoxicity against human small cell lung cancer cells.
|
Seven labdane-type diterpenes, coronarin E, coronarin A, yunnancoronarin A, yunnancoronarin B, hedyforrestin B, villosin, and hedyforrestin C were isolated from the rhizome of Hedychium gardnerianum and evaluated for cytotoxic activity against human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) and non-cancerous Vero cells. The results showed that villosin exhibited potent cytotoxic activity with IC(50) of 0.40 microM, which was higher than that of the drug ellipticine (IC(50) 1.79 microM). Moreover, ellipticine was very toxic to Vero cells (IC(50) 7.47 microM) whereas the toxicity of villosin was undetectable at concentration lower than 166.42 microM. The results have indicated that the lactone ring is essential for high cytotoxic activity and that the presence of a hydroxyl group at the 6 or 7 position causes decrease in activity. The very high cytotoxicity against the NCI-H187 cells and the exceptionally high selectivity index (>416) of villosin suggested that this compound may be used as a potential lead molecule for antitumor therapeutic development.
|
['4-Butyrolactone', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Diterpenes', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Ellipticines', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plant Roots', 'Vero Cells', 'Zingiberaceae']
| 19,960,422
|
[['D02.540.150', 'D03.383.312.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['D03.132.436.681.333', 'D03.633.100.473.144.249', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.333', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.333', 'D03.633.300.148.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['A18.400'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.937.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Do therapists address gender and power in infidelity? A feminist analysis of the treatment literature.
|
Sociocontextual factors such as gender and power play an important role in the etiology of affairs and in recovery from them, yet it is unclear how current treatment models address these issues. Drawing on feminist epistemology, this study utilized a grounded theory analysis of 29 scholarly articles and books on infidelity treatment published between 2000 and 2010 to identify the circumstances under which gender and power issues were or were not part of treatment. We found five conditions that limit attention to gender and power: (a) speaking (or assuming) as though partners are equal, (b) reframing infidelity as a relationship problem, (c) limiting discussion of societal context to background, (d) not considering how societal gender and power patterns impact relationship dynamics, and (e) limiting discussion of ethics on how to position around infidelity. Analysis explored how each occurred across three phases of couple therapy. The findings provide a useful foundation for a sociocontextual framework for infidelity treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Couples Therapy', 'Extramarital Relations', 'Female', 'Feminism', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Men', 'Power, Psychological', 'Spouses', 'Women']
| 25,059,296
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F04.754.864.581.136'], ['F01.145.802.295'], ['I01.880.604.473.374', 'K01.752.566.479.174.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.390'], ['F01.658.780'], ['F01.829.263.500.660', 'I01.880.853.150.500.670', 'M01.816'], ['M01.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Endoplasmic reticulum glucosidase II is composed of a catalytic subunit, conserved from yeast to mammals, and a tightly bound noncatalytic HDEL-containing subunit.
|
Trimming of glucoses from N-linked core glycans on newly synthesized glycoproteins occurs sequentially through the action of glucosidases I and II in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We isolated enzymatically active glucosidase II from rat liver and found that, in contrast with previous reports, it contains two subunits (alpha and beta). Sequence analysis of peptides derived from them allowed us to identify their corresponding human cDNA sequences. The sequence of the alpha subunit predicted a soluble protein (104 kDa) devoid of known signals for residence in the ER. It showed homology with several other glucosidases but not with glucosidase I. Among the homologues, we identified a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene, which we showed by gene disruption experiments to be the functional catalytic subunit of glucosidase II. The disrupted yeast strains had no detectable growth defect. The sequence of the beta subunit (58 kDa) showed no sequence homology with other known proteins. It encoded a soluble protein rich in glutamic and aspartic acid with a putative ER retention signal (HDEL) at the C terminus. This suggested that the beta subunit is responsible for the ER localization of the enzyme.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Conserved Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Humans', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Mammals', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Protein Sorting Signals', 'Rats', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'alpha-Glucosidases']
| 8,910,335
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D12.644.770', 'G02.111.570.060.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.050']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cryoablation for accessory pathways located near normal conduction tissues or within the coronary venous system in children and young adults.
|
BACKGROUND: Cryoablation may offer advantages over radiofrequency (RF) ablation for certain arrhythmia substrates, such as septal accessory pathways (APs). Data for young patients, especially regarding recurrence risk, require expansion.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to study institutional outcomes for cryoablation of APs located in potentially difficult septal regions for children and young adults.METHODS: Cryoablation was attempted in 35 young patients (mean age 15.6 years) with 37 APs that were either close to normal conduction tissues or inside the coronary venous system. Outcomes were compared with previously published institutional data for RF ablation at these same locations.RESULTS: Acute cryoablation success was achieved for 29 (78%) of 37 APs. Apart from permanent PR prolongation in one case and right bundle branch block in one other, there were no detrimental effects on normal conduction. At median follow-up of 207 days (range 2-695 days), AP conduction recurred for 13 (45%) of 29 ablated APs. Younger patient age and midseptal AP location correlated with higher likelihood of recurrence. Acute success rates for cryoablation were similar to RF ablation in our laboratory, but recurrence rates were significantly higher (P <.001).CONCLUSION: Cryoablation yields acute success rates comparable with RF ablation for difficult septal APs in young patients. The risk of AP recurrence appears higher after cryoablation, although safety benefits may provide suitable compensation for this deficiency. Methods for creating more effective cryoablation lesions need to be explored.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Cryosurgery', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Heart Septum', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Recurrence', 'Tachycardia, Supraventricular', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,500,293
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['E04.014.180'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541.409'], ['A07.541.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C14.280.067.845.880', 'C14.280.123.875.880', 'C23.550.073.845.880'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Perioperative Outcomes and Safety of Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation in Octogenarians: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Benefits of Rhythm Control.
|
OBJECTIVES: Catheter ablation for rhythm control has emerged as a successful therapeutic option for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), though it has not been well studied in octogenarians. This study evaluates its safety in octogenarians in a community hospital and reviews the benefits of rhythm control.METHODS: Among 1,592 patients undergoing AF ablation, 84 octogenarian were identified. The primary outcome was normal sinus rhythm (NSR) on electrocardiogram at discharge. Secondary outcomes were periprocedural complications and markers and risks of reablation compared to younger cohorts.RESULTS: An NSR on discharge occurred in 83 patients. Three patients required pacing for symptomatic sinus bradycardia, complete heart block, and symptomatic junctional bradycardia, respectively. Reablation for recurrent AF occurred in 23 octogenarians. Using the octogenarians as reference, the relative risk (RR) of 1 reablation was not significantly different among the age groups 70-79, 60-69, and <60 years. The RR of 2 reablations was greater in the octogenarian group (RR 0.26 [95% CI 0.09-0.71, p = 0.008], 0.42 [95% CI 0.17-1.04, p = 0.06], and 0.27 [95% CI 0.1-0.75, p = 0.01], respectively). Coronary artery disease (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02-0.68, p = 0.026) and percutaneous coronary intervention (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02-0.63, p = 0.021) were markers for reablation.CONCLUSION: AF catheter ablation achieved an NSR with minimal periprocedural complications. The benefits of rhythm control should be considered in treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Recurrence', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,427,082
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain) in treatment of replanted teeth - a systematic review.
|
OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of the present systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of enamel matrix derivative Emdogain in healing of replanted teeth in humans.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review conducted in adherence to PRISMA standards and was registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42017062736. We graded the methodological quality of the studies by means of Cochrane's tool of risk of bias in non-randomized studies - of interventions (ROBINS-I).RESULTS: In total, 65 studies were identified for screening, and five studies were eligible. The uneventful healing of replanted teeth was varied from 20% to 75%. Two controlled trials found Emdogain treatment significantly reduced resorption of replanted teeth and improved the healing of periodontal ligament compared with controls. Two studies showed high recurrent resorption in Emdogain treated teeth.CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, the number of publications that met all inclusion criteria were limited and did not allow for drawing evidence for Emdogain being effective in supporting healing of replanted teeth.
|
['Dental Enamel Proteins', 'Humans', 'Periodontal Ligament', 'Root Canal Preparation', 'Root Resorption', 'Tooth Avulsion', 'Tooth Replantation', 'Wound Healing']
| 30,422,034
|
[['D12.776.231'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A14.549.167.646.771'], ['E06.397.778.889', 'E06.931.625'], ['C07.793.901.653', 'G10.549.855.653'], ['C07.793.850.725', 'C26.900.725'], ['E04.545.710', 'E04.936.494.711', 'E06.397.898', 'E06.645.710'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular genetics of anti-carbohydrate antibodies.
|
Antibodies directed against carbohydrate determinants provide useful model systems for understanding the structure and organisation of antibody genes and the generation of antibody diversity. We have used three such systems, PC, DEX and GAC, and have studied the heavy chains and VH gene segments of each. In two of these systems, PC and GAC, much of the diversity in heavy-chain protein sequences results from somatic mutation events superimposed on expression of a single VH gene. In the DEX system, it appears that germ-line sequence diversity may be an important contributor to the variability in heavy-chain sequence. Detailed structural analyses of this type will ultimately provide a complete picture of the mechanisms which underlie effective humoral immunity.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Antibody Diversity', 'Antibody Formation', 'Carbohydrates', 'DNA', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Deoxyribonuclease EcoRI', 'Dextrans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Phosphorylcholine', 'Polysaccharides, Bacterial']
| 6,201,131
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G05.365.036', 'G12.500.199'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D09'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D08.811.150.280.260.300', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300.260.250', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300.260.250'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.700', 'D02.675.276.232.700'], ['D09.698.718', 'D23.050.161.616']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Congenital alveolar capillary dysplasia: rare cause of persistent pulmonary hypertension.
|
We report on a rare case of fatal congenital alveolar capillary dysplasia. The newborn boy of a 37 weeks' normal gestation suffered from persistent pulmonary hypertension without any cardiovascular malformation and died at the age of 4 weeks despite intensive treatment. The autopsy tissue was examined histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. Moreover, a three-dimensional tissue reconstruction based on serial sections was performed comparing the affected lung with normal lung tissue. We observed a unique pattern of pulmonary dysplasia: An extreme decrease of capillaries was localized centrally within thickened intra-acinar septa instead of capillaries intensely neighboring pneumocytes; ectatic veins normally running in the interlobular septa were found to accompany intralobular bronchovascular bundles, denying a clear distinction between pulmonary and bronchial veins; small muscular pulmonary arteries extended to the precapillary level and type 2 pneumocytes exceeded by far the type 1 pneumocytes, inverting the normal ratio. In summary, alveolar capillary dysplasia is assumed to be a primary capillary disorder of unknown origin, which possibly involves the regular differentiation of pneumocytes, according to the close alveolocapillary relationship during pulmonary ontogenesis. We consider the venous alterations as being part of the dysplasia, whereas the arterial phenomena might occur secondarily. Recent reports on affected siblings suggest a genetic component of pathogenesis.
|
['Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia', 'Capillaries', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome', 'Pulmonary Alveoli']
| 9,353,836
|
[['C08.381.520.750.500', 'C16.614.521.125'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381.423.694', 'C16.614.694'], ['A04.411.715']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A statistically rule-based decision support system for the management of patients with suspected liver disease.
|
The paper describes how a decision support system in liver diseases, mostly oriented to prediction of the necessity for liver biopsy, has been developed. The system designed is a hybrid one and consists of two parts: logical and statistical. The logical part contains rules, formulated on the basis of current medical knowledge, which enables recognition of clear cases; diseased or non-diseased. The unclear cases are classified on the basis of rules statistically extracted from databases. These rules have been reached after a comprehensive exploratory analysis of the sample of 165 patients with slightly to moderately raised levels of routine liver tests but without signs or symptoms of liver diseases. The extracted decision diagrams which simulate traditional medical diagnosis conduct have been found to be superior to discriminant analysis and probabilistic inductive learning. They use only a limited number of laboratory tests to detect the necessity for biopsy.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biopsy', 'Decision Making, Computer-Assisted', 'Decision Trees', 'Discriminant Analysis', 'Humans', 'Liver Diseases', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Probability', 'Software', 'Software Design']
| 8,231,421
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['L01.313.500.750.100'], ['G17.162.500'], ['E05.318.740.350', 'N05.715.360.750.325', 'N06.850.520.830.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['L01.224.900'], ['L01.224.900.820']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of alpha-gliadin genes from diploid wheats and the comparative analysis with those from polyploid wheats.
|
To carry out the comparative analysis of alpha-gliadin genes on A genomes of diploid and polyploid wheats, 8 full-length alpha-gliadin genes, including 3 functional genes and 5 pseudogenes, were obtained from diploid wheats, among which 2, 2 and 4 alpha-gliadin genes were isolated from T. urartu, T. monococcum and T. boeoticum, respectively. The results indicated that higher number of alpha-gliadin pseudogenes have been present in diploid wheats before the formation of polyploid wheats. Amino acid sequence comparative analysis among 26 alpha-gliadin genes, including 16 functional genes and 10 pseudogenes, from diploid and polyploid wheats was conducted. The results indicated that all alpha-gliadins contained four coeliac toxic peptide sequences (i.e., PSQQ, QQQP, QQPY and QPYP). The polyglutamine domains are highly variable, and the second polyglutamine stretch is usually disrupted by the lysine or arginine residue at the fourth position. The unique domain I is the most conserved domain. There are 4 and 2 conserved cysteine residues in the unique domains I and II, respectively. Comparative analysis indicated that the functional alpha-gliadin genes from A genome are highly conserved, whereas the identity of pseudogenes in diploid wheats are higher than those in hexaploid wheats. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all the analyzed functional alpha-gliadin genes could be clustered into two major groups, among which one group could be further divided into 5 subgroups. The origin of alpha-gliadin pseudogene and functional genes were also discussed.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Diploidy', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genome, Plant', 'Gliadin', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Polyploidy', 'Pseudogenes', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Triticum']
| 18,186,192
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['G05.700.264'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['D12.776.765.433.500.500.400', 'D12.776.765.725.500.500.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['C23.550.210.702', 'G05.365.590.175.677', 'G05.700.740'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.700'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolic disorders and inflammation are associated with familial combined hyperlipemia.
|
BACKGROUND: Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia (FCH) is related to different metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of alterations of hydrocarbonated metabolism and lipid profile together with inflammatory and adhesion molecules in subjects with FCH compared to controls.METHODS: 75 HFC patients and 75 healthy individuals were studied. Glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR index and lipid parameters, in addition to anti-oxidized LDL antibodies (Anti ox-LDL), small and dense LDL (sdLDL) and HDL subfractions, proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules were measured.RESULTS: FCH patients showed higher levels of hydrocarbonated metabolism parameters, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDLc, Apolipoprotein B and non-HDLc (p < .001), and lower levels of HDLc (p < .001) and Apolipoprotein AI (p < .05) than controls. In addition, the inflammatory markers hsCRP, IL-6, IL-8, P-selectin, E-selectin and ICAM were all higher with (p < .05) respect to controls. The increase of sdLDL was correlated with the presence of IR and IL-6 levels. Significant differences in diameter and percentage of phenotype B LDL, small HDL subfractions and Anti ox-LDL were also detected between patients and controls.CONCLUSIONS: The lipid characteristics of FCH are confirmed by IR and a low grade inflammatory state in patients, and are associated with the predominance of sdLDL and Anti ox-LDL.
|
['Adult', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Phenotype']
| 30,201,373
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C16.320.565.398.450', 'C18.452.584.500.500.438', 'C18.452.648.398.450'], ['C23.550.470'], ['G05.695']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Elucidation of the reaction mechanisms and diastereoselectivities of phosphine-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulations between allenoates and ketones or aldimines.
|
The phosphine-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulations between allenoates and electron-poor trifluoromethyl ketones or N-tosylbenzaldimine dipolarophiles have been investigated in continuum solvation using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The detailed reaction mechanisms as well as the high cis-diastereoselectivities of the reactions have been firstly clarified. Our calculated results reveal that the whole catalytic process is presumably initiated with the nucleophilic attack of phosphine catalyst at the allenoate to produce the zwitterionic intermediate , which subsequently undergoes ã-addition to the electron-poor C=O (or C=N) dipolarophile to form another intermediate . The following [1,3] hydrogen shift of is demonstrated to proceed via two consecutive proton transfer steps without the assistance of protic solvent: the anionic O6 (or N6) of first acts as a base catalyst to abstract a proton from C1 to produce the intermediate , and then the OH (or NH) group can donate the acidic proton to C3 to complete the [1,3] hydrogen shift and generate the intermediate . Finally, the intramolecular Michael-type addition followed by the elimination of catalyst furnishes the final product. High cis-diastereoselectivities are also predicted for both the two reactions, which is in good agreement with the experimental observations. For the reaction of allenoates with trifluoromethyl ketones, the first proton transfer is found to be the diastereoselectivity-determining step. The cumulative effects of the steric repulsion, electrostatic interaction as well as other weak interactions appear to contribute to the relative energies of transition states leading to the diastereomeric products. On the contrary, in the case of N-tosylbenzaldimines, the Michael-type addition is found to be the diastereoselectivity-determining step. Similarly, steric repulsion, as well as electrostatic interaction is also identified to be the dominant factors in controlling the high cis-diastereoselectivity of this reaction.
|
['Alkadienes', 'Catalysis', 'Cyclization', 'Imines', 'Ketones', 'Molecular Structure', 'Phosphines', 'Quantum Theory', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 22,903,528
|
[['D02.455.326.271.665.146'], ['G02.130'], ['G02.111.180', 'G02.607.133', 'G03.208'], ['D02.491'], ['D02.522'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.695.525', 'D02.705.621'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Turbulent flow as a cause for underestimating coronary flow reserve measured by Doppler guide wire.
|
BACKGROUND: Doppler-tipped coronary guide-wires (FW) are well-established tools in interventional cardiology to quantitatively analyze coronary blood flow. Doppler wires are used to measure the coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR). The CFVR remains reduced in some patients despite anatomically successful coronary angioplasty. It was the aim of our study to test the influence of changes in flow profile on the validity of intra-coronary Doppler flow velocity measurements in vitro. It is still unclear whether turbulent flow in coronary arteries is of importance for physiologic studies in vivo.METHODS: We perfused glass pipes of defined inner diameters (1.5-5.5 mm) with heparinized blood in a pulsatile flow model. Laminar and turbulent flow profiles were achieved by varying the flow velocity. The average peak velocity (APV) was recorded using 0.014 inch FW. Flow velocity measurements were also performed in 75 patients during coronary angiography. Coronary hyperemia was induced by intra-coronary injection of adenosine. The APV maximum was taken for further analysis. The mean luminal diameter of the coronary artery at the region of flow velocity measurement was calculated by quantitative angiography in two orthogonal planes.RESULTS: In vitro, the measured APV multiplied with the luminal area revealed a significant correlation to the given perfusion volumes in all diameters under laminar flow conditions (r2 > 0.85). Above a critical Reynolds number of 500--indicating turbulent flow--the volume calculation derived by FW velocity measurement underestimated the actual rate of perfusion by up to 22.5 % (13 +/- 4.6 %). In vivo, the hyperemic APV was measured irrespectively of the inherent deviation towards lower velocities. In 15 of 75 patients (20%) the maximum APV exceeded the velocity of the critical Reynolds number determined by the in vitro experiments.CONCLUSION: Doppler guide wires are a valid tool for exact measurement of coronary flow velocity below a critical Reynolds number of 500. Reaching a coronary flow velocity above the velocity of the critical Reynolds number may result in an underestimation of the CFVR caused by turbulent flow. This underestimation of the flow velocity may reach up to 22.5 % compared to the actual volumetric flow. Cardiologists should consider this phenomena in at least 20 % of patients when measuring CFVR for clinical decision making.
|
['Artifacts', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nonlinear Dynamics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 16,553,954
|
[['E05.047'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The Lady Windermere syndrome: clinical and bacteriological data and progress in seven cases].
|
Described by Reich and Johnson in 1992 [2], the Lady Windermere syndrome occurs exclusively in non-smoking women over the age of 60 years, without significant pre-existing pulmonary disease. It comprises bronchial dilatation, typically in the middle lobe and lingula, together with secondary infection by atypical mycobacteria (Mycobacterium avium in the first cases). Among the 17 cases of atypical mycobacterial infection that we have seen in the past 14 years, there were seven cases of this syndrome. It was associated with cough, sputum, sometimes haemoptysis, febrile episodes and deterioration of general health. The diagnostic criteria and treatment were defined by the American Thoracic Society. The pathophysiological hypothesis proposed by Reich and Johnson was that voluntary suppression of the cough led to congestion of the bronchi and secondary infection with atypical mycobacteria. Currently it is thought more likely that the following factors are involved: progressive increase in dilatation of small bronchi, delayed diagnosis, morphological abnormalities of the thorax, hormonal factors, immune deficiency, genetic neutrophil dysfunction, and even heterozygous forms of cystic fibrosis.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Coinfection', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Respiratory Tract Infections', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Syndrome']
| 22,682,598
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C01.218'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['C01.748', 'C08.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Seizures induced by abrupt discontinuation of alprazolam.
|
Two patients had grand mal seizures following abrupt discontinuation of short-term treatment with alprazolam. Alprazolam's pharmacokinetic and clinical properties are discussed in relation to withdrawal reactions.
|
['Adult', 'Alprazolam', 'Anti-Anxiety Agents', 'Benzodiazepines', 'Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic', 'Female', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome']
| 6,150,649
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.030'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.015'], ['D03.633.100.079.080'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.290'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['F03'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Psychometric Properties of the Inventory of Attitudes Toward Seeking Mental Health Services (Chinese Version).
|
ABSTRACTResearch on underutilization patterns of mental health services among older Chinese immigrants is limited, partly due to the absence of translated, psychometrically sound measures for assessing attitudes towards seeking help. In this study we interviewed 200 older Chinese Canadian immigrants using a translated version of the Inventory of Attitudes Toward Seeking Mental Health Services scale (IASMHS), and assessed mental health care utilization over the past 12 months and intentions to seek help. Confirmatory factor analysis failed to replicate the original three-factor structure; thus, we used exploratory factor analysis to create a 20-item Chinese version, the C-IASMHS. It had acceptable internal consistency and was positively correlated with intentions to seek help. The Help-Seeking Propensity subscale had the strongest psychometric properties whereas the Psychological Openness subscale performed poorly based on factor analysis results and unacceptable internal consistency. Future research should focus on the conceptual equivalence of psychological openness among Chinese older adults.
|
['Aged', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Attitude to Health', 'Canada', 'China', 'Emigrants and Immigrants', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Help-Seeking Behavior', 'Humans', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Psychometrics', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Translations']
| 29,552,991
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['M01.189'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['F01.145.813.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['L01.178.682.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Depression among cancer patients.
|
This study was done to investigate the frequency of co-morbidity and to demonstrate the best method for assessing depression among cancer patients. The subjects were 50 (25 male and 25 female) cancer patients and 50 (25 male and 25 female) medically ill patients. All subjects were interviewed by psychiatrists and were administered psychological tests such as SAS (self-rating anxiety scale), SDS (self-rating depression scale), POMS (Profile of Mood States), HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and DRP (Depression-related personality traits). The psychiatric interview revealed that 44% of cancer patients and 38% of the medical patients had mental disorders according to DSM-IV. The most frequently observed disorder was depression, which was seen in 28% of the cancer patients and 30% of the medical patients. The cancer patients with depression scored significantly higher on the DRP and the Anger mood state of POMS than did the medically ill patients with depression. In addition, most psychological tests employed had no discrimination between depressed and normal subjects among the cancer and the medical patients. However, it was found that the Depression scale in HADS (HADS-D) split depressed patients from normal subjects since the HADS-D was composed of items that were not concerned with physically ill conditions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Patient Care Team', 'Personality Inventory', 'Sick Role']
| 9,014,227
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F03.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['N04.590.715'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F01.829.316.616.751']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Small intestinal epithelial brush border enzymatic changes in suckling mice infected with reovirus type 3.
|
Suckling mice infected with reovirus type 3 were examined for changes in the epithelial brush border of the small intestine. After 3 days of infection with reovirus type 3, no significant changes were found in intestinal morphology or activity of any enzymes tested. After 6 days, villi were shortened and blunted with lymphangiectatic lesions and mild mononuclear infiltration in the lamina propria. In addition, there was a significant decrease in lactase (P < 0.001) and enterokinase activity (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes in the activities of alkaline phosphatase. In contrast, maltase (P < 0.001) and leucine aminopeptidase (P < 0.05) activities in the infected mice were significantly increased. These data suggest that brush border enzymes are affected differently by reovirus infection.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Animals, Suckling', 'Intestines', 'Leucyl Aminopeptidase', 'Mammalian orthoreovirus 3', 'Mice', 'Microvilli', 'Reoviridae Infections', 'alpha-Glucosidases', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 6,250,121
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.293'], ['A03.556.124'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.100.511', 'D08.811.277.656.350.555.700', 'D08.811.277.656.675.555.700'], ['B04.820.223.719.590.550.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.180.565'], ['C01.925.782.791'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.050'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interaction between caspase-8 activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in glycochenodeoxycholic acid-induced apoptotic HepG2 cells.
|
The accumulation of hydrophobic bile acid, such as glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), in the liver has been thought to induce hepatocellular damage in human chronic cholestatic liver diseases. We previously reported that GCDCA-induced apoptosis was promoted by both mitochondria-mediated and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated pathways in rat hepatocytes. In this study, we elucidated the relationship between these pathways in GCDCA-induced apoptotic HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were treated with GCDCA (100-500microM) with or without a caspase-8 inhibitor, Z-IETD-fluoromethyl ketone (Z-IETD-FMK) (30microM) for 3-24h. We demonstrated the presence of both apoptotic pathways in these cells; that is, we showed increases in cleaved caspase-3 proteins, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and the expression of ER resident molecular chaperone Bip mRNA and ER stress response-associated transcription factor Chop mRNA. On the other hand, pretreatment with Z-IETD-FMK significantly reduced the increases, compared with treatment with GCDCA alone. Immunofluorescence microscopic analysis showed that treatment with GCDCA increased the cleavage of BAP31, an integral membrane protein of ER, and pretreatment with Z-IETD-FMK suppressed the increase of caspase-8 and BAP31 cleavage. In conclusion, these results suggest that intact activated caspase-8 may promote and amplify the ER stress response by cleaving BAP31 in GCDCA-induced apoptotic cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Biological Transport', 'Caspase 8', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Survival', 'Cytochromes c', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 17,928,124
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['G03.143'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.550.800', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.550.800', 'D12.644.360.024.285.037', 'D12.644.360.075.405.550.800', 'D12.644.360.075.421.037', 'D12.776.157.057.018.037', 'D12.776.476.024.320.025', 'D12.776.476.075.405.550.800', 'D12.776.476.075.421.037'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.346'], ['D08.244.286.100', 'D12.776.422.220.286.100'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.272.150.350', 'D04.210.500.105.225.272.411.360', 'D04.210.500.105.225.400.380.360', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342.300.400', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342.400.450', 'D04.210.500.221.430.484.430.420', 'D12.125.481.700.249.420.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of porosity, tissue density, and mechanical properties on radial sound speed in human cortical bone.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of simultaneous changes in cortical porosity, tissue mineral density, and elastic properties on radial speed of sound (SOS) in cortical bone. The authors applied quantitative pulse-echo (PE) ultrasound techniques that hold much potential especially for screening of osteoporosis at primary healthcare facilities. Currently, most PE measurements of cortical thickness, a well-known indicator of fracture risk, use a predefined estimate for SOS in bone to calculate thickness. Due to variation of cortical bone porosity, the use of a constant SOS value propagates to an unknown error in cortical thickness assessment by PE ultrasound.METHODS: The authors conducted 2.25 and 5.00 MHz focused PE ultrasound time of flight measurements on femoral diaphyses of 18 cadavers in vitro. Cortical porosities of the samples were determined using microcomputed tomography and related to SOS in the samples. Additionally, the effect of cortical bone porosity and mechanical properties of the calcified matrix on SOS was investigated using numerical finite difference time domain simulations.RESULTS: Both experimental measurements and simulations demonstrated significant negative correlation between radial SOS and cortical porosity (R(2) ? 0.493, p < 0.01 and R(2) ? 0.989, p < 0.01, respectively). When a constant SOS was assumed for cortical bone, the error due to variation of cortical bone porosity (4.9%-16.4%) was about 6% in the cortical thickness assessment in vitro.CONCLUSIONS: Use of a predefined, constant value for radial SOS in cortical bone, i.e., neglecting the effect of measured variation in cortical porosity, propagated to an error of 6% in cortical thickness. This error can be critical as characteristic cortical thinning of 1.10% ± 1.06% per yr decreases bending strength of the distal radius and results in increased fragility in postmenopausal women. Provided that the cortical porosity can be estimated in vivo, the relationship between radial SOS and cortical porosity can be utilized and a porosity based radial SOS estimate could be implemented to determine cortical thickness. This would constitute a step toward individualized quantitative ultrasound diagnostics of osteoporosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Calcification, Physiologic', 'Computer Simulation', 'Cortical Bone', 'Elasticity', 'Female', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Organ Size', 'Porosity', 'Ultrasonic Waves', 'Ultrasonography', 'X-Ray Microtomography']
| 27,147,315
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['G07.345.155.500', 'G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.175', 'G11.427.578.050.500.175'], ['L01.224.160'], ['A10.165.265.521'], ['G01.374.590'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G01.374.710'], ['G01.750.770.776.891'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.900', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of the motor vehicle accident victim who abuses alcohol: an opportunity to reduce trauma.
|
OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that a poor driving history and alcohol abuse, evident in a large number of people injured in automobile accidents, contribute to repeated injury, and that treatment for alcohol abuse may reduce vehicular trauma.METHOD: Patients (N = 150) admitted to the emergency surgical service because of injury sustained in a motor vehicle accident (MVA) were tested for their blood alcohol concentrations, and they responded to a questionnaire concerning their prior driving and medical histories.RESULTS: Contrary to the assumption that motor vehicle injuries are isolated episodes, 68% of MVA patients had experienced a prior accident, and 43% had been injured in an MVA before the present event. Prior MVAs were associated with having been previously arrested for driving while intoxicated (DWI), with illegal drug use and with prior hospitalization. Of the MVA patients, 37% were intoxicated (blood alcohol concentration [BAC] > or = 100 mg/dl). Elevated BAC was associated with having been stopped for drinking, having a restricted license, having a DWI arrest, using illegal drugs and having a previous admission to a hospital. Prior MVAs, prior DWIs, elevated BAC and male gender formed the Louisville Alcohol Abuse Predictor Checklist and were independent predictors of alcohol abuse diagnosis, based on the patient's self-report of problems with alcohol. Forty-two percent of MVA patients were diagnosed as alcohol abusers. The alcohol abuser had a significantly higher rate of recurrent MVAs, DWIs and injuries than did nonabusers.CONCLUSIONS: Surgical service may present an opportunity for assessment of alcohol abuse among MVA victims, and treatment for alcoholism might reduce vehicular trauma.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Adult', 'Alcoholic Intoxication', 'Alcoholism', 'Automobile Driving', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kentucky', 'Male', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 8,913,997
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.175', 'F03.900.100.300'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['I03.125'], ['D02.033.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.400', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.400'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Polyphosphate kinase is involved in stress-induced mprAB-sigE-rel signalling in mycobacteria.
|
Polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1) helps bacteria to survive under stress. The ppk1 gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and characterized. Residues R230 and F176, predicted to be present in the head domain of PPK1, were identified as residues critical for polyphosphate (polyP)-synthesizing ability and dimerization of PPK1. A ppk1 knockout mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis was compromised in its ability to survive under long-term hypoxia. The transcription of the rel gene and the synthesis of the stringent response regulator ppGpp were impaired in the mutant and restored after complementation with ppk1 of M. tuberculosis, providing evidence that PPK1 is required for the stringent response. We present evidence that PPK1 is likely required for mprAB-sigE-rel signalling. sigma(E) regulates the transcription of rel, and we hypothesize that under conditions of stress polyP acts as a preferred donor for MprB-mediated phosphorylation of MprA facilitating transcription of the sigE gene thereby leading finally to the enhancement of the transcription of rel in M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis. Downregulation of ppk1 led to impaired survival of M. tuberculosis in macrophages. PolyP plays a central role in the stress response of mycobacteria.
|
['Anaerobiosis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Down-Regulation', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Ligases', 'Mycobacterium smegmatis', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)', 'Point Mutation', 'Polyphosphates', 'Sigma Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 17,630,969
|
[['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D08.811.464'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720.662', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.662'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.650'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.775', 'D01.248.497.158.730.650', 'D01.695.625.675.650.775'], ['D12.776.930.800'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Enhancement by HSP90 inhibitor of PGD2-stimulated HSP27 induction in osteoblasts: Suppression of SAPK/JNK and p38 MAP kinase.
|
Heat shock protein (HSP) 90 that is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues is a major molecular chaperone. We have previously demonstrated that prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), a bone remodeling factor, elicits the expression of HSP27, a small HSP, through stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of HSP90 in the PGD2-stimulated HSP27 induction and the underlying mechanism in MC3T3-E1 cells. Onalespib, an inhibitor of HSP90, significantly enhanced the PGD2-stimulated HSP27 induction. In addition, geldanamycin, another HSP90 inhibitor, potentiated the HSP27 induction. Both onalespib and geldanamycin markedly amplified the PGD2-induced phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK and p38 MAP kinase. SP600125, an inhibitor of SAPK/JNK, and SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase, suppressed the amplification by onalespib of the PGD2-stimulated HSP27 induction. These results strongly suggest that HSP90 plays a negative role in the HSP27 induction stimulated by PGD2 in osteoblasts, and that the inhibitory effect of HSP90 is mediated through the regulation of SAPK/JNK and p38 MAP kinase.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Animals', 'Anthracenes', 'Benzamides', 'Drug Synergism', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Imidazoles', 'Isoindoles', 'JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Mice', 'Osteoblasts', 'Phosphorylation', 'Prostaglandin D2', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Pyridines', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 30,946,899
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117', 'D04.615.117'], ['D02.065.277', 'D02.241.223.100.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.580.216.270.625'], ['D12.776.580.216.380'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D03.633.100.513'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374', 'D12.644.360.450.340', 'D12.776.476.450.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.329.629'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.200.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.200.200'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Resistance evolution and mechanisms to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in Capsella bursa-pastoris populations from China.
|
Capsella bursa-pastoris is a serious broadleaf weed in winter wheat fields in China. It has evolved high levels of resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides and has caused substantial losses of wheat yield in recent years. We monitored the herbicide resistance of Capsella bursa-pastoris collected from 18 regions of Shandong Province in 2009, 2013 and 2017, respectively. Compared with the 2009 populations, the number of populations resistant to florasulam had increased in 2013 and 2017. Resistance to tribenuron-methyl increased in 2013, but decreased in 2017. The 2009 and 2013 populations developed resistance only to tribenuron-methyl, but some 2017 populations developed cross-resistance to imazethapyr and florasulam as well. Mutations in ALS (Pro-197-Thr/Ser/His/Arg/Leu/Gln) were identified in the 2009 and 2013 populations; however, two ALS mutations (Pro197 and/or Trp574) were identified in 2017 plants. Meanwhile, plants containing both point mutations (Pro197 + Trp574) were identified in the 2017 populations. This study demonstrated that target site gene mutations were the main reason for Capsella bursa-pastoris resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Although target-site mutation is the reason for resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in Capsella bursa-pastoris, the resistance patterns and mutations identified have changed over time.
|
['Acetolactate Synthase', 'Arylsulfonates', 'Capsella', 'Herbicide Resistance', 'Herbicides', 'Mutation', 'Nicotinic Acids', 'Plant Proteins', 'Point Mutation', 'Pyrimidines', 'Sulfonamides']
| 31,400,779
|
[['D08.811.913.200.324', 'D12.776.331.049'], ['D02.886.645.600.080.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.244'], ['G07.690.773.984.443'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.066.515', 'D03.383.725.547'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D03.383.742'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The yeast frataxin homologue mediates mitochondrial iron efflux. Evidence for a mitochondrial iron cycle.
|
Mutations in the nuclear gene encoding the mitochondrial protein frataxin are responsible for the neurological disorder Friedreich ataxia (FA). Yeast strains with a deletion in the frataxin homologue YFH1 accumulate excess iron in mitochondria and demonstrate mitochondrial damage. We show that in the absence of YFH1, mitochondrial damage is proportional to the concentration and duration of exposure to extracellular iron, establishing mitochondrial iron accumulation as causal to mitochondrial damage. Reintroduction of YFH1 results in the rapid export of accumulated mitochondrial iron into the cytosol as free, non-heme bound iron, demonstrating that mitochondrial iron in the yeast FA model can be made bioavailable. These results demonstrate a mitochondrial iron cycle in which Yfh1p regulates mitochondrial iron efflux.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Friedreich Ataxia', 'Iron', 'Iron-Binding Proteins', 'Mitochondria', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)']
| 9,988,680
|
[['G03.143'], ['C10.228.140.252.700.150', 'C10.228.854.787.200', 'C10.574.500.825.200', 'C16.320.400.780.200', 'C18.452.660.300'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D12.776.157.427', 'D12.776.556.579'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D08.811.913.696.620']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The diagnostic utilities of anti-agalactosyl IgG antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, and rheumatoid factors in rheumatoid arthritis.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic utilities of anti-agalactosyl IgG antibody (CARF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody and rheumatoid factor (RF) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), non-RA rheumatic diseases, and chronic viral hepatitis. The authors determined serum levels of CARF and anti-CCP2 by ELISA and IgM-RF by a immunonephelometric method in 834 controls and in 397 patients with the following conditions: RA (100), non-RA rheumatic diseases [systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 30, primary Sjogren's syndrome 18, systemic sclerosis 30, inflammatory myositis 19], chronic viral hepatitis B and C (HBV 100, HCV 100). The sensitivities of CARF (83%) and anti-CCP (85%) were significantly higher than that of RF (75%, p = 0.01, respectively) in RA, and the specificity of anti-CCP (98%) was significantly higher than those of CARF (92%) and RF (90%, p < 0.001, respectively). A comparison of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed that the diagnostic accuracies of CARF and anti-CCP were superior to that of RF (CARF vs. RF, p = 0.008, anti-CCP vs. RF, p = 0.017) in RA. CARF positivity was significantly higher than those of anti-CCP (p = 0.007) and RF (p = 0.008) in systemic sclerosis, and the positivity of CARF was significantly higher than that of anti-CCP in Sjogren's syndrome (p = 0.016). Furthermore, CARF had significantly higher positivity than anti-CCP or RF in chronic viral hepatitis B and C. Finally, the titers of these three markers in RA were significantly higher than in non-RA rheumatic diseases and in chronic viral hepatitis B and C. Our results suggest that anti-CCP is the most useful serologic marker for the differentiation of RA and non-RA rheumatic diseases, and chronic viral hepatitis B and C.
|
['Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Biomarkers', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'ROC Curve', 'Rheumatoid Factor', 'Scleroderma, Systemic', "Sjogren's Syndrome", 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 20,012,964
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.071', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.071', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.071'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.732', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.732', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.732'], ['C17.300.799', 'C17.800.784'], ['C05.550.114.154.774', 'C05.799.114.774', 'C07.465.815.929.669', 'C11.496.260.719', 'C17.300.775.099.774', 'C20.111.199.774'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Gonadal hormone actions on the morphology of the vasopressinergic innervation of the adult rat brain.
|
Castration of adult male rats resulted in a gradual decrease in vasopressin fiber density over a period of 15 weeks to a point where hardly any fibers were found in those areas where the fibers probably are derived from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. The original fiber density could be restored by testosterone replacement therapy within 5 weeks. No effects of hormonal manipulations were found in the vasopressin projections of the paraventricular and the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Ovariectomy of female rats resulted in the same changes in the vasopressin fiber pathways, as did castration in males.
|
['Animals', 'Castration', 'Diencephalon', 'Female', 'Gonadal Steroid Hormones', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Septum Pellucidum', 'Testosterone', 'Vasopressins']
| 6,722,551
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['A08.186.211.200.317'], ['D06.472.334.851'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['A08.186.211.140.814', 'A08.186.211.180.750.900', 'A08.186.211.200.885.750.814'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781', 'D12.644.400.900', 'D12.644.456.925', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781', 'D12.776.631.650.937']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mapping genetic vulnerabilities reveals BTK as a novel therapeutic target in oesophageal cancer.
|
OBJECTIVE: Oesophageal cancer is the seventh most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Disease relapse is frequent and treatment options are limited.DESIGN: To identify new biomarker-defined therapeutic approaches for patients with oesophageal cancer, we integrated the genomic profiles of 17 oesophageal tumour-derived cell lines with drug sensitivity data from small molecule inhibitor profiling, identifying drug sensitivity effects associated with cancer driver gene alterations. We also interrogated recently described RNA interference screen data for these tumour cell lines to identify candidate genetic dependencies or vulnerabilities that could be exploited as therapeutic targets.RESULTS: By integrating the genomic features of oesophageal tumour cell lines with siRNA and drug screening data, we identified a series of candidate targets in oesophageal cancer, including a sensitivity to inhibition of the kinase BTK in MYC amplified oesophageal tumour cell lines. We found that this genetic dependency could be elicited with the clinical BTK/ERBB2 kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib. In both MYC and ERBB2 amplified tumour cells, ibrutinib downregulated ERK-mediated signal transduction, cMYC Ser-62 phosphorylation and levels of MYC protein, and elicited G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, suggesting that this drug could be used to treat biomarker-selected groups of patients with oesophageal cancer.CONCLUSIONS: BTK represents a novel candidate therapeutic target in oesophageal cancer that can be targeted with ibrutinib. On the basis of this work, a proof-of-concept phase II clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of ibrutinib in patients with MYC and/or ERBB2 amplified advanced oesophageal cancer is currently underway (NCT02884453).TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02884453; Pre-results.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Drug Discovery', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Pharmacogenetics', 'Pharmacogenomic Testing', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc', 'Pyrazoles', 'Pyrimidines', 'RNA Interference', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Signal Transduction', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 28,830,912
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.158.273.343.750', 'H01.158.703.052', 'H02.628.479'], ['E01.370.225.562.500', 'E05.200.562.500', 'E05.393.435.500', 'N02.421.308.430.500', 'N02.421.726.233.221.500'], ['D12.776.260.103.813', 'D12.776.624.664.700.189', 'D12.776.660.765', 'D12.776.930.125.813'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['D03.383.742'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Multicenter comprehensive methodological and technical analysis of 832 pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) interventions performed in 349 patients for peritoneal carcinomatosis treatment: An international survey study.
|
BACKGROUND: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a new drug delivery method offered in selected patients suffering from non-resectable peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). As reported experience is still limited, we conducted a survey among active PIPAC centers aiming to report their technical approach and clinical findings.METHODS: An online survey was sent to active PIPAC centers worldwide. The questionnaire consisted of 34 closed questions and was conducted over a period of 3 months beginning in March 2017.RESULTS: Nine out of 15 contacted centers completed the questionnaire totaling 832 PIPAC procedures in 349 patients. Most common indications for PIPAC were PC from gastric, ovarian and colorectal origin. The mean time between each PIPAC procedure was 6-8 weeks. Seven of nine (77.8%) centers evaluate the PCI at every PIPAC procedure. At least four tissue samples for histopathology analysis were retrieved in 5 (55.6%). All centers (100%) use the same chemotherapy protocol: oxaliplatin at a dosage of 92mg/m2 for PC of colorectal origin and a combination of cisplatin and doxorubicin at a dosage of 7.5mg/m2 and 1.5mg/m2, respectively, for other types of PC. Eight centers (88.9%) perform routine radiological evaluation before first PIPAC and after third PIPAC.CONCLUSION: These data confirm that PIPAC procedures are homogeneously performed in established centers. Standardization of the procedure will facilitate future international multicenter prospective clinical trials.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Appendiceal Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma', 'Cisplatin', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Doxorubicin', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Mitomycin', 'Organoplatinum Compounds', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Oxaliplatin', 'Peritoneal Neoplasms', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 29,526,367
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.184.290', 'C06.301.371.411.184.290', 'C06.405.249.411.184.290', 'C06.405.469.110.417.290', 'C06.405.469.491.184.290'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['C04.588.274.476', 'C06.301.371', 'C06.405.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['D02.806.400.249.350', 'D03.383.097.500.350', 'D03.633.100.473.412.249.350'], ['D02.691.788'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D02.257.750'], ['C04.588.033.513', 'C04.588.274.780', 'C06.301.780', 'C06.844.620'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Erythropoietin levels with treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.
|
The effect of nasal continuous positive pressure (CPAP) treatment on erythropoietin (EPO) was examined by measuring diurnal serum EPO levels before and twice (over the 3rd day and over 1 day on recall after > or = 1 mo of therapy) after initiation of treatment in 12 obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients with normal hemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and albumin levels. Over each study day, oxygen saturation was measured by an ambulatory pulse oximetry system. Patients spent 27 +/- 9% (SE) of time below oxygen saturation of 88% vs. 2.1 +/- 0.6% after initiation of nasal CPAP treatment (P < 0.01). The number of desaturation events per hour of sleep before nasal CPAP treatment was 62 +/- 6 vs. 9 +/- 2 with nasal CPAP (P < 0.01). EPO levels measured by radioimmunoassay were drawn every hour before and at 3 days (n = 9) and before and at recall (n = 0) after initiation of CPAP therapy. The mean serum EPO level was higher before treatment (61 +/- 14 mU/ml) than that at 3 days (38 +/- 10 mU/ml, P < 0.01) or at recall (32 +/- 7 mU/ml, P < 0.01). We conclude that nasal CPAP treatment of sleep-disordered breathing will reduce diurnal levels of EPO.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Erythropoietin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes']
| 8,567,573
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100.600.100', 'E01.370.370.380.600.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100.600.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100.600.100'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
New insights on the comma-less theory.
|
The comma-less hypothesis represents a theoretical effort to describe one of the steps in the early evolution of the translation apparatus. This hypothesis emphasizes the advantages that a RNY coding pattern would have provided in a primitive RNA adaptor-catalyst system. This theory has been debated for years, both in conceptual and statistical terms, and no consensus about its validity has been ascertained. In this work, a statistical model refuting this theory was reconsidered. This new approach eliminates the bias due to the absence of stop codons in the open reading frame, and to the amino acid composition of bacterial genes. The results obtained support the biological significance of the RNY coding pattern.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'Codon', 'DNA', 'Genetic Code', 'Models, Genetic', 'RNA']
| 1,726,735
|
[['D12.125'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.360.335'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['D13.444.735']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nuclear size is sensitive to NTF2 protein levels in a manner dependent on Ran binding.
|
Altered nuclear size is associated with many cancers, and determining whether cancer-associated changes in nuclear size contribute to carcinogenesis necessitates an understanding of mechanisms of nuclear size regulation. Although nuclear import rates generally positively correlate with nuclear size, NTF2 levels negatively affect nuclear size, despite the role of NTF2 (also known as NUTF2) in nuclear recycling of the import factor Ran. We show that binding of Ran to NTF2 is required for NTF2 to inhibit nuclear expansion and import of large cargo molecules in Xenopus laevis egg and embryo extracts, consistent with our observation that NTF2 reduces the diameter of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) in a Ran-binding-dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ectopic NTF2 expression in Xenopus embryos and mammalian tissue culture cells alters nuclear size. Finally, we show that increases in nuclear size during melanoma progression correlate with reduced NTF2 expression, and increasing NTF2 levels in melanoma cells is sufficient to reduce nuclear size. These results show a conserved capacity for NTF2 to impact on nuclear size, and we propose that NTF2 might be a new cancer biomarker.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Animals', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Nucleus Size', 'Humans', 'Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins', 'Pregnancy Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Xenopus laevis', 'ran GTP-Binding Protein']
| 26,823,604
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.670.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.750', 'D12.776.543.585.750'], ['D12.776.780'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.462', 'D12.644.360.525.462', 'D12.776.157.325.515.462', 'D12.776.157.530.750.750', 'D12.776.476.525.462', 'D12.776.543.585.750.750', 'D12.776.660.768']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nanoscale mid-infrared evaluation of the miscibility behavior of blends of dextran or maltodextrin with poly(vinylpyrrolidone).
|
Determining the extent of miscibility of amorphous components is of great importance for certain pharmaceutical systems, in particular for polymer-polymer and polymer-small molecule blends. In this study, the application of standard atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements combined with nanoscale mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy was explored to evaluate miscibility in binary polymer blends. The miscibility characteristics of a set of 50/50 (w/w) polymer blends comprising of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) with dextran or maltodextrin (DEX) of varying molecular weights (MWs) were investigated. Standard AFM characterization results show good agreement with inferences drawn from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis in terms of forming either single or two phase systems. AFM analysis also provided insight into the microstructure of the two phase systems and how domain sizes varied as a function of polymer MWs. Nanoscale mid-IR evaluation of the blends, performed by collecting local mid-IR spectra or spectral maps, provided an extra dimension of information about the dependence of polymer MWs on chemical composition of the different phases. AFM, combined with nanoscale mid-infrared analysis, thus appears to be a promising technique for the evaluation of miscibility in certain pharmaceutical blends.
|
['Dextrans', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Polymers', 'Polysaccharides', 'Povidone']
| 22,483,035
|
[['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D09.698'], ['D02.455.326.271.884.533.699', 'D03.383.773.812.615', 'D05.750.716.721.838', 'D25.720.716.721.838', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.838']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel helper phage that improves phage display selection efficiency by preventing the amplification of phages without recombinant protein.
|
Phage display is a widely used technology for the isolation of peptides and proteins with specific binding properties from large libraries of these molecules. A drawback of the common phagemid/helper phage systems is the high infective background of phages that do not display the protein of interest, but are propagated due to non-specific binding to selection targets. This and the enhanced growth rates of bacteria harboring aberrant phagemids not expressing recombinant proteins leads to a serious decrease in selection efficiency. Here we describe a VCSM13-derived helper phage that circumvents this problem, because it lacks the genetic information for the infectivity domains of phage coat protein pIII. Rescue of a library with this novel CT helper phage yields phages that are only infectious when they contain a phagemid-encoded pIII-fusion protein, since phages without a displayed protein carry truncated pIII only and are lost upon re-infection. Importantly, the CT helper phage can be produced in quantities similar to the VCSM13 helper phage. The superiority of CT over VCSM13 during selection was demonstrated by a higher percentage of positive clones isolated from an antibody library after two selection rounds on a complex cellular target. We conclude that the CT helper phage considerably improves the efficiency of selections using phagemid-based protein libraries.
|
['Bacteriophages', 'Capsid Proteins', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Variable Region', 'Mutation', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Peptide Library', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'U937 Cells', 'Viral Fusion Proteins']
| 12,771,223
|
[['B04.123'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.550'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797', 'G02.111.570.060.425'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.620'], ['D12.644.555', 'G02.111.570.060.620', 'G05.360.325.640'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.251.210.190.880', 'A11.251.860.180.880', 'A11.627.482.665.500', 'A11.627.624.249.500', 'A11.627.635.675.750.500'], ['D12.776.543.512.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Oligometastasis: Opportunities for Biology to Guide Clinical Management.
|
Oligometastasis refers to a state of limited metastatic disease burden, in which surgical or ablative treatment to all known visible metastases holds promise to extend survival or even effect cure. Stereotactic body radiotherapy is a form of radiation treatment capable of delivering a high biologically effective dose of radiation in a highly conformal manner, with a favorable toxicity profile. Enthusiasm for oligometastasis ablation, however, should be counterbalanced against the limited supporting evidence. It remains unknown to what extent (if any) ablation influences survival or quality of life. Rising clinical equipoise necessitates the completion of randomized controlled trials to assess this, several of which are underway. However, a lack of clear identification criteria or biomarkers to define the oligometastatic state hampers optimal patient selection.This narrative review explores the evolutionary origins of oligometastasis, the steps of the metastatic process at which oligometastases may arise, and the biomolecular mediators of this state. It discusses clinical outcomes with treatment of oligometastases, ongoing trials, and areas of basic and translational research that may lead to novel biomarkers. These efforts should provide a clearer, biomolecular definition of oligometastatic disease and aid in the accurate selection of patients for ablative therapies.
|
['Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Patient Selection', 'Quality of Life', 'Radiosurgery']
| 27,441,744
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E02.815.530', 'E04.525.800.650', 'E05.873.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
An investigation of interpretive bias in insomnia: an analog study comparing normal and poor sleepers.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Cognitive theories state that psychological disorders are associated with, and are possibly maintained by, interpretive biases, which are tendencies to make threatening interpretations of ambiguous stimuli. Recent models of insomnia have highlighted the importance of cognitive processes. The aim of this study was to empirically evaluate whether an interpretive bias is present in poor sleepers.DESIGN: A mixed-design analysis of covariance was employed with group (normal sleepers vs poor sleepers) as a between-subjects variable and sentence type (insomnia-related vs anxiety related) as a within-subjects variable. The dependent variables were the extent to which participants interpreted insomnia-related and anxiety-related sentences as having a threatening meaning. Sleepiness was used as a covariate.SETTING: Treatment and research clinic at a university department of psychiatry.PARTICIPANTS: Forty-one normal and 34 poor sleepers.MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A set of ambiguous scenarios were administered to participants who gave open-ended and forced-choice interpretations of the scenarios. Each scenario could be interpreted in a threat (insomnia or anxiety)-related or neutral manner. Even after controlling for sleepiness, poor sleepers were found to make significantly more threat-related interpretations of ambiguous scenarios than did normal sleepers.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that there is a bias toward threat-related interpretations among poor sleepers and that the exploration of biased interpretations may be an important avenue for future research among individuals who meet full diagnostic criteria for insomnia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Bias', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 17,068,991
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['N05.715.350.150', 'N06.850.490.500'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Indications for tonsillectomy in childhood from the current viewpoint].
|
Any discussion of tonsillectomy must necessarily be based on the function and pathophysiology of the palatine tonsils. Their unique anatomic structure illustrates their main immunological function: to recognize and process the transgressors from the environment, to transfer the resulting immunological information to the entire lymphatic system and, therefore, to contribute to the immuno-defensive mechanism of the infant organism. In spite of the abundance of lymphocytes of the T- and B-type in the reticular zone of their epithelium, the tonsils seem to be dispensable because the lympho-epithelial tissue of the pharyngeal mucosa has the same immunological function and, moreover, tonsillectomy does not result in any persistent immunologic defect. However, tonsillectomy in infants up to an age of 4 years should be recommended with great reluctance if at all, since up to this age the tonsils play an important part in the immunological "learning process". Some bacterio-virological aspects are equally important for the indication of tonsillectomy in individual cases as the differentiation between chronic and recurrent tonsillitis. In the treatment of the secondary cervical lymphadenitis, too, such differentiation is mandatory. Chronic tonsillitis in terms of a "focal disease" is a rare event in infants, and tonsillectomy is recommended only in such exceptional cases where recurrent streptococcal infections resulted in rheumatism or glomerulonephritis.
|
['Age Factors', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Infant', 'Palatine Tonsil', 'Tonsillectomy', 'Tonsillitis']
| 6,727,503
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A04.623.603.925', 'A10.549.580', 'A14.724.603.925', 'A15.382.520.604.580'], ['E04.580.848'], ['C01.748.561.750', 'C07.550.781.750', 'C08.730.561.750', 'C09.775.649.750']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Implications of platinum-group element accumulation along U.S. roads from catalytic-converter attrition.
|
Automobile catalytic converters are dispersing platinum-group elements (PGEs) Rh, Pt, and Pd into the environment (1-3). This paper represents the first detailed study to assess the PGE content of soils and grasses from U.S. roadsides. These soils were analyzed using cation exchange pretreatment and ultrasonic nebulizer-ICP-MS (4). Highway and several urban sites showed Pt abundances of 64-73 ng/g immediately adjacent to the roadside, with corresponding Pd and Rh abundances of 18-31 ng/g and 3-7 ng/g, respectively. All Pt and most Pd and Rh abundances are statistically above local background soil values. Platinum, Rd, and Rh show positive correlations with traffic-related elements (Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) but no correlations with nontraffic-related elements (Y, Ga). Iridium and Ru show no correlations with any of these trace elements. These PGE abundances are comparable to European studies (5-7) and are approaching concentrations that would be economically viable to recover. This study also demonstrates transport of Pt statistically above background more than 50 m from the roadside. Further study is necessary to see how mobile the PGEs are in roadside environments, but these initial data indicate only Pt is taken up by plants.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Lead', 'Platinum', 'Poaceae', 'Rhodium', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Vehicle Emissions']
| 11,642,438
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['D01.268.556.690', 'D01.268.956.734', 'D01.552.544.690'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['D01.268.556.793', 'D01.268.956.781', 'D01.552.544.793'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['D20.832']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The perceptions of nurse teachers regarding the preparation for their role in Project 2000 programmes.
|
This paper discusses the findings related to the perceptions of nurse teachers regarding the preparation for their role in Project 2000 programmes. Data were collected by utilising three rounds of a Delphi survey with a panel of experts made up of Grade 2 nurse teachers. The panel of 201 respondents was obtained from 25 of the 28 colleges of nursing and midwifery that had implemented Project 2000 between September 1989 and April 1991. The profile of the respondents revealed that 68% work in general nurse courses, 18% in mental health, 8% in mental handicap and 6% in child care. Over half of the respondents hold a degree related to health care and over a quarter are studying for one. The findings suggest that the nurse teachers working in Project 2000 programmes consider their teacher preparation course an important means of preparation for the activities within their role. Degree and diploma courses are also considered important along with additional professional qualifying courses and subject related courses. What did not appear evident was any preparation for the many specific activities they carry out apart from teaching. Experience came out strongly as an important means of preparation for all the activities. Staff development programmes were said by 52% of respondents to be organised within their colleges and perceived by many as an important means of preparation.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Delphi Technique', 'Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'England', 'Faculty, Nursing', 'Humans', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Role']
| 1,448,024
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['L01.906.197'], ['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['M01.526.485.390', 'M01.526.702.250.473', 'N02.360.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['F01.829.316.616']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Contrast pooling in videofluoroscopic swallowing study as a risk factor for pneumonia in children with dysphagia.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine if laryngeal contrast pooling on a videofluoroscopic swallowing study increases the risk for pneumonia in the following 6 months in children with dysphagia. Secondarily, to determine in the same population, if laryngeal abnormalities or syndromic disorders increase the risk for pneumonia in the same timeframe.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.METHODS: A chart review of pediatric patients that presented to the swallowing and dysphagia clinic at the Montreal Children's Hospital for a videofluoroscopic swallowing study in the last three years was conducted. Videofluoroscopic findings, patient characteristics, demographic data, and pneumonias occurring within 6 months after the study were recorded for all patients. Patients with unsuccessful swallowing studies, incomplete charts, extra-laryngeal etiologies for recurrent pneumonia, or who were lost to follow up were excluded.RESULTS: Of the 287 children who presented to the clinic, 239 patients remained after exclusion, of which 40 (16.7%) exhibited pooling and 199 (83.3%) did not. Children with pooling on videofluoroscopic swallowing study did not have significantly more pneumonias than patients without pooling (22.5% vs 17.1%, P=0.42). Secondary analyses revealed that laryngeal abnormalities were a significant independent risk factor (P=0.02) for pneumonia at 6 months, while being diagnosed with a syndrome was not (P=0.18).CONCLUSION: In this study of contrast pooling in videofluoroscopic swallowing study, there was no significant difference in pneumonia occurrence in patients with and without pooling at 6 months post study. Future prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these findings. The present review showed that feeding changes should not be made based on pooling alone.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cineradiography', 'Contrast Media', 'Deglutition', 'Deglutition Disorders', 'Female', 'Fluoroscopy', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Larynx', 'Male', 'Pneumonia', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors']
| 26,092,551
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.350.700.225.469'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['G10.261.178'], ['C06.405.117.119', 'C09.775.174'], ['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A04.329'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) promotes both survival and neuritogenesis in PC12 cells through activation of nuclear factor êB (NF-êB) pathway: involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), calcium, and c-REL.
|
The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a trophic factor that promotes neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth. However, the signaling pathways and the transcriptional mechanisms involved are not completely elucidated. Our previous studies aimed at characterizing the transcriptome of PACAP-differentiated PC12 cells revealed an increase in the expression of nuclear factor êB2 (NF-êB2) gene coding for p100/p52 subunit of NF-êB transcription factor. Here, we examined the role of the NF-êB pathway in neuronal differentiation promoted by PACAP. We first showed that PACAP-driven survival and neuritic extension in PC12 cells are inhibited following NF-êB pathway blockade. PACAP stimulated both c-Rel and p52 NF-êB subunit gene expression and nuclear translocation, whereas c-Rel down-regulation inhibited cell survival and neuritogenesis elicited by the neuropeptide. PACAP-induced c-Rel nuclear translocation was inhibited by ERK1/2 and Ca(2+) blockers. Furthermore, the neuropeptide stimulated NF-êB p100 subunit processing into p52, indicative of activation of the NF-êB alternative pathway. Taken together, our data show that PACAP promotes both survival and neuritogenesis in PC12 cells by activating NF-êB pathway, most likely via classical and alternative signaling cascades involving ERK1/2 kinases, Ca(2+), and c-Rel/p52 dimers.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Animals', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Survival', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3', 'NF-kappa B p52 Subunit', 'Neurites', 'PC12 Cells', 'Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel', 'Rats']
| 23,564,451
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.346'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.750', 'D12.644.360.450.169.750', 'D12.776.476.450.169.750'], ['D12.776.157.687.497', 'D12.776.260.600.186', 'D12.776.660.600.186', 'D12.776.660.720.497', 'D12.776.930.600.186'], ['A08.675.256.500', 'A08.675.542.145.500', 'A11.284.180.610', 'A11.671.501.145.500', 'A11.671.543'], ['A11.251.210.190.750', 'A11.251.860.180.750', 'A11.299.500'], ['D12.644.276.860.887', 'D12.644.400.625', 'D12.776.467.860.887', 'D12.776.631.600.887', 'D12.776.631.650.625', 'D23.529.850.887'], ['D12.776.260.682', 'D12.776.624.664.700.192', 'D12.776.660.767', 'D12.776.930.730'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficient soluble expression of active recombinant human cyclin A2 mediated by E. coli molecular chaperones.
|
Bacterial expression of human proteins continues to present a critical challenge in protein crystallography and drug design. While human cyclin A constructs have been extensively characterized in complex with cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), efforts to express the monomeric human cyclin A2 in Escherichia coli in a stable form, without the kinase subunit, have been laden with technical difficulties, including solubility, yield and purity. Here, optimized conditions are described with the aim of generating for first time, sufficient quantities of human recombinant cyclin A2 in a soluble and active form for crystallization and ligand characterization purposes. The studies involve implementation of a His-tagged heterologous expression system under conditions of auto-induction and mediated by molecular chaperone-expressing plasmids. A high yield of human cyclin A2 was obtained in natively folded and soluble form, through co-expression with groups of molecular chaperones from E. coli in various combinations. A one-step affinity chromatography method was utilized to purify the fusion protein products to homogeneity, and the biological activity confirmed through ligand-binding affinity to inhibitory peptides, representing alternatives for the key determinants of the CDK2 substrate recruitment site on the cyclin regulatory subunit. As a whole, obtaining the active cyclin A without the CDK partner (referred to as monomeric in this work) in a straightforward and facile manner will obviate protein--production issues with the CDK2/cyclin A complex and enable drug discovery efforts for non-ATP competitive CDK inhibition through the cyclin groove.
|
['Cyclin A2', 'Escherichia coli', 'Humans', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Protein Binding', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Solubility']
| 25,956,535
|
[['D12.644.360.262.100.200', 'D12.776.167.218.100.200', 'D12.776.476.262.100.200'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.580'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Solvent effects on the physicochemical properties of the cross-linked histidine-tyrosine ligand of cytochrome c oxidase.
|
Density functional theory was used to explore the effects of aqueous solvation on the structure, vibrational frequencies, and the electronic absorption spectrum of 2-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-phenol (Me-ImPhOH), a chemical analogue of the cross-linked histidine-tyrosine Cu(B) ligand of cytochrome c oxidase. In addition, the phenolic-OH pK(a), the anodic redox potential for the biring radical/anion couple, and the phenolic-OH bond dissociation energy were calculated relative to phenol using a series of isodesmic reactions. In the gas phase, the imidazole moiety stabilizes the biring anion for all the models and greatly decreases the phenolic-OH pK(a) relative to phenol. Moreover, the conductor-like polarizable continuum model (C-PCM)-water-solvated reactions predict Delta pK(a) values that are five times smaller than the gas-phase reactions, in agreement with the proposed role of the cross-linked histidine-tyrosine as a proton donor in the enzyme. For the neutral biring radical solvation models, the imidazole moiety induces a high degree of asymmetry into the phenol ring when compared to unmodified phenoxyl radical. The biring radical pi-bonds of the imidazole ring are more localized when compared to unmodified 1-methylimidazole and Me-ImPhOH solvation models, suggesting reduced aromaticity for all biring radical solvation models. The C-PCM-water-solvated reactions predict relative biring radical reduction potentials that are an order of magnitude smaller than the gas-phase reactions. The biring O-H bond is weakened relative to phenol by less than 4 kcal/mol for all the reactions studied, suggesting that the imidazole moiety does not facilitate H-atom abstraction in the enzyme. Together, these results demonstrate the sensitive nature of the proton and electron donating ability of the histidine-tyrosine cross-linked ligand in cytochrome c oxidase and suggest that for quantitative predictions of reaction energies and thermodynamic properties, models of this ligand should take care to account for changes in environment and, more specifically, hydrogen bonding interactions.
|
['Chemical Phenomena', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Gases', 'Histidine', 'Ligands', 'Models, Chemical', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Solvents', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Thermodynamics', 'Tyrosine']
| 20,415,431
|
[['G02'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['D01.362'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['G01.906'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chemotactic peptides induce phosphorylation and activation of MEK-1 in human neutrophils.
|
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) (mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase) is rapidly activated when neutrophils are stimulated. Several isoforms of MAP/Erk kinase (MEK), a kinase capable of phosphorylating and activating Erk, have been identified, but their distribution and differential roles in leukocytes are unknown. We studied the effect of chemotactic stimulation on MEK-1, using isoform-specific antibodies. MEK-1 was found to be phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues in unstimulated human neutrophils. Stimulation by the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) enhanced serine/threonine phosphorylation of MEK-1, while reducing its electrophoretic mobility. MEK-1 activity, measured as autophosphorylation or as phosphorylation of a glutathione S-transferase-Erk fusion protein, was undetectable in unstimulated cells but became evident after treatment with chemoattractant. Phosphorylation and activation of MEK-1 were rapid and transient, peaking after 1-2 min and returning to base line by 10 min. Experiments using electropermeabilized cells indicated that elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ is not required for activation of MEK-1 by fMLP. Moreover, MEK-1 was not stimulated by either platelet-activating factor or thapsigargin, which increase Ca2+ to levels comparable with those attained in chemoattractant-activated cells. In contrast, activation of MEK-1 was induced by phorbol esters, and the stimulatory effect of fMLP was blocked by an antagonist of protein kinase C. Stimulation of MEK-1 was also blocked by concentrations of erbstatin that prevent the fMLP-induced accumulation of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. The data suggest that MEK-1 is largely responsible for the activation of Erk in chemoattractant-stimulated neutrophils and that protein kinase C and/or tyrosine kinases mediate this effect, whereas elevated cytosolic Ca2+ is not essential.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Calcium', 'Calcium-Transporting ATPases', 'Egtazic Acid', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'MAP Kinase Kinase 1', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine', 'Neutrophils', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Terpenes', 'Thapsigargin']
| 8,034,695
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.250', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.500', 'D12.776.157.530.813.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.500', 'D12.776.543.585.813.250'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565.100', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200.100', 'D12.644.360.440.100', 'D12.776.476.440.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200', 'D12.644.360.440', 'D12.776.476.440'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D02.886.030.676.450.440', 'D12.125.072.050.685.445', 'D12.125.142.666.500', 'D12.125.166.676.450.440', 'D12.644.456.400', 'D23.125.685'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D02.455.849'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.284.500.888', 'D02.455.849.765.674.500.750.888', 'D04.663.500.750.888']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impulsive traits and 5-HT2A receptor promoter polymorphism in alcohol dependents: possible association but no influence of personality disorders.
|
OBJECTIVE: Impulsive behavior in alcoholics puts them at serious risk of severer course of disease and has been related to the serotonergic neurotransmission dysfunction. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between impulsive aggression in alcohol dependents with regard to the G-1438A polymorphism in the promoter region of the 5-HT2A receptor gene. Furthermore, we investigated the statistical interaction between 5-HT2A alleles, antisocial personality disorder (APD) and impulsive aggression in alcohol dependents. Alcohol dependents were investigated because these personality disorders and impulsive behavior are very frequent in alcohol dependence anf of clinical relevance.METHODS: One hundred and thirty-five patients of German descent meeting DSM-IV criteria of alcohol dependence were recruited. Blood samples were taken from alcohol dependents to determine 5-HT2A promoter polymorphisms using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) of lymphocyte DNA. Impulsive aggression was assessed using a German version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale which was translated and backtranslated. Alcohol dependents were subdivided into low- or high-impulsivity groups using a median split of the Barratt score. APD and borderline personality disorder (BPD) were assessed using the SCID-II interview.RESULTS: The low-impulsivity group was slightly older and showed a later age at alcoholism onset than the highly impulsive group. Alcohol dependents with high impulsive traits showed a significant association with 5-HT2A 1438 A alleles. After excluding alcohol dependents with APD or BPD from the analysis, this association remained significant. Furthermore, no association between APD, BPD and 5-HT2A alleles was noted.CONCLUSIONS: Inpatient alcohol dependents showed a significant association between 5-HT2A A alleles and impulsive traits, independent of the presence of APD or BPD. No association was noted between personality disorders and the polymorphism. This is the first report about an association of 5-HT2A promoter polymorphism and impulsive behavior in alcohol dependents. This finding may refer only to impulsive traits and may be independent of personality disorders in this sample. These results have to be confirmed in larger samples and in healthy control subjects to determine whether this association is of general validity.
|
['Adult', 'Aggression', 'Alcoholism', 'Alleles', 'Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality Disorders', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A', 'Receptors, Serotonin']
| 11,287,798
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['F03.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.675'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.200.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inappropriate surgical chemoprophylaxis and surgical site infection rate at a tertiary care teaching hospital.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze the pattern of surgical chemoprophylaxis, surgical site infection rate, and to check rationality of surgical chemoprophylaxis based on Kunin's criteria.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, observational study was performed on patients undergoing surgery, in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Data were collected in a pro-forma which included the patients' details, prescriptions from date of admission to discharge or any other outcome and operative notes. Surgical site infection as defined by Centre for Disease Control criteria was recorded. Rationality was assessed based on Kunin's criteria.RESULTS: Total 220 patients were enrolled over a period of one year. Mean hospital stay was 8.67±5.17 days. A total of 2294 drugs were prescribed out of which 840 (36.61%) were antimicrobials. Mean duration for pre-operative intravenous antimicrobial therapy was 0.75±0.45 day and for post-operative intravenous antimicrobial therapy was 3.33±2.24 days while post-operative oral antimicrobial therapy was 4.58±3.34 days. Third generation cephalosporins were prescribed most frequently 64.74% and 64.40% pre-operatively and post-operatively respectively. Antimicrobial prescribing was inappropriate in 52.28%. Total of 19 patients developed surgical site infection. Surgical site infection rate was significantly higher (13.04%) in patients receiving inappropriate chemoprophylaxis (p<0.01). Surgical site infection adds 9.98 days of hospital stay (p<0.0001) and 3.57 extra drugs (p<0.0001) compared to group without surgical site infection.CONCLUSION: Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is highly prevalent in surgical chemoprophylaxis leading to higher surgical site infection rate. Adoption of international standard and formulation of locally feasible guidelines can help overcome this situation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Inappropriate Prescribing', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Tertiary Healthcare', 'Young Adult']
| 23,287,545
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.490', 'N02.421.450.500.249'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['N04.452.758.849.887', 'N05.300.787'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Depression in primary caregivers of patients listed for liver or kidney transplantation.
|
BACKGROUND: No studies have examined depression in primary caregivers of adult patients listed for liver or kidney transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of depression among primary caregivers of patients listed for liver or kidney transplantation and to compare these 2 groups.DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and a demographic questionnaire were sent out and returned by mail.RESULTS: Of 72 eligible primary caregivers, 42 (58%) participated; the participation rate was similar for caregivers of kidney and liver failure patients (21/32 [66%)] vs 21/40 [53%], P = .3). Mean caregiver age was 54.7 +/- 13.6 years. Twenty-three caregivers (54.8%) were spouses, 15 (35.7%) were first-degree relatives, and 26 (62%) were women. Median depression scale score was 5.5 (0-36). Three (7%), 2 (5%), and 3 (7%) participants reported mild, moderate, and severe depression, respectively. Median Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score was higher among caregivers of liver versus kidney patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (9 vs 4, P = .2). Depression scale scores did not correlate with age, sex, time listed, or nature or length of relationship with the patient. The prevalence of depression in primary caregivers was 19%; of these caregivers, one third may have had severe depression.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of moderate to severe depression in primary caregivers of liver and kidney transplant candidates is significant. The impact of depression on caregivers as well as patients, both before and after transplantation, deserves study. Screening for depression in caregivers could lead to clinical interventions that benefit caregivers and indirectly improve patient outcomes.
|
['Aged', 'Caregivers', 'Cost of Illness', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression', 'Family', 'Female', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Life Change Events', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Missouri', 'Pilot Projects', 'Prevalence', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Waiting Lists']
| 17,944,158
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.515'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Retrograde subintimal recanalization of a radial artery occlusion after coronary angiography using the palmar loop technique.
|
We report interventional management of critical hand ischemia after transradial coronary angiography. The radial artery occlusion was confirmed by Doppler ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography. The radial artery was opened using retrograde recanalization technics through the palmar arch. After guidewire passage the proximal occlusion site was stented with balloon expandable drug eluting stent, and the distal segment underwent balloon angioplasty. The report discusses the potential risks and advantages of angioplasty in the treatment of a symptomatic radial artery occlusion and the retrograde recanalization technique via the palmar arch.
|
['Adult', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Drug-Eluting Stents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Radial Artery', 'Stents', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 25,623,261
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.137'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E07.695.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.740'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fatigue in adults with Marfan syndrome, occurrence and associations to pain and other factors.
|
This study aims to investigate how fatigue affects adults with verified Marfan syndrome (MFS) in their daily lives, by examining fatigue levels and prevalence of severe fatigue compared to the general Norwegian population and individuals with other comparable chronic conditions. We investigated associations between socio-demographic characteristics, Marfan-related health problems, pain and fatigue. A cross-sectional study was conducted, using a postal questionnaire including the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and questions on socio-demographic characteristics, Marfan-related health problems and pain. One hundred seventeen persons with MFS were invited to participate, 73 answered (62%). Participants reported significantly higher FSS scores and prevalence of severe fatigue compared to the general Norwegian population and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but lower than for other chronic conditions. Participants with chronic pain reported higher fatigue scores than those without chronic pain. Participants on disability benefits reported higher fatigue scores than participants who were working or enrolled in higher education. Marfan-related health problems like aortic dissection and use of blood pressure medication were not significantly associated with fatigue. In multivariable regression analyses chronic pain and employment status were significantly associated with fatigue. The final multivariable model explained 24% of the variance in fatigue scores. Our results show that fatigue is common in MFS patients and that it interferes with their daily lives. Chronic pain and employment status show significant associations to fatigue. This implies that fatigue is important to address when meeting MFS patients in clinical practice. There is need for more research on fatigue in Marfan syndrome.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Marfan Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain', 'Prevalence', 'Public Health Surveillance', 'Quality of Life', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Report', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 24,719,044
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.099.674', 'C14.240.400.725', 'C14.280.400.725', 'C16.131.077.550', 'C16.131.240.400.720', 'C16.320.540', 'C17.300.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700.324', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625.324', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700.324', 'N06.850.780.675.487'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Testicular involvement in peripubertal gonadotropin levels and accessory sex organ weight of male hamsters.
|
This study evaluates the influence of testicular secretions during development in male hamsters on peripubertal gonadotropin levels. Castration or sham operations were performed on the day of birth (Day 1), Day 5, 10, or 20 of life. Repeated plasma samples on Days 20-60 at 10-day intervals were taken via orbital sinus puncture. Castrated animals received a subcutaneous testosterone capsule on Day 60 and were killed on Day 70. In addition, seminal vesicles and ventral prostate weights were taken in all animals at Day 70. Castrated animals, regardless of day of castration, had higher gonadotropin levels and suppressed sexual accessory organ weights. Animals castrated on the day of birth had lower luteinizing hormone (LH) levels than animals castrated on other days. Castration on Day 10 resulted in lower follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Males castrated on Day 20 were most sensitive to the negative feedback effect of testosterone on LH secretion, while Day 10 castrates had elevated FSH levels after testosterone exposure. Sexual accessory weights also differed depending upon the day of castration. Results point out the importance of testicular secretions on the developmental processes as well as the differing ages at which various systems may be influenced.
|
['Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Genitalia, Male', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Orchiectomy', 'Organ Size', 'Sexual Maturation', 'Testis', 'Testosterone']
| 3,127,833
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['A05.360.444'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G07.345.750.750', 'G08.686.841.750'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Restriction endonuclease mapping and molecular cloning of the human herpesvirus 6 variant B strain Z29 genome.
|
Human herpesvirus 6(HHV-6) variants A and B differ in cell tropism, reactivity with monoclonal antibodies, restriction endonuclease profiles, and epidemiology. Nonetheless, comparative nucleotide and amino acid sequences from several genes indicate that the viruses are very highly conserved genetically, The B variant is the major etiologic agent of exanthem subitum and is frequently isolated from children with febrile illness; no disease has been etiologically associated with HHV-6A. One HHV-6A strain has been cloned and sequenced, but similar information and reagents are not available for HHV-6B. We report here the determination of maps of the restriction endonuclease cleavage sites for BamHI, C1aI, HindIII, KpnI, and Sa1I, and the cloning in plasmids and bacteriophages of fragments representing over 95% of the HHV-6B strain Z29 [HHV-6B(Z29)] genome. Hybridization experiments and orientation of several blocks of nucleotide sequence information onto the genomic map indicate that HHV-6A and HHV-6B genomes are colinear.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Base Sequence', 'Child', 'Chromosomes, Human', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome, Viral', 'Herpesviridae Infections', 'Herpesvirus 6, Human', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Telomere']
| 8,634,027
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A11.284.187.520.300', 'G05.360.162.520.300'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['C01.925.256.466'], ['B04.280.382.150.750.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Bone responses to titanium implants surface-roughened by sandblasted and double etched treatments in a rabbit model.
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate bone responses to titanium implants surface-roughened by sandblasted and double-etched treatments in a rabbit model.STUDY DESIGN: Sixty implants of 10 mm in length (30 machined and 30 roughened) were inserted into femurs of 30 rabbits and 30 implants of 8 mm in length (15 machined and 15 roughened) were inserted into tibias of 15 rabbits. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks postimplantation, femurs and tibias were retrieved and prepared for removal torque tests (RTQ) and histomorphometric evaluation, respectively.RESULTS: The roughened implants showed 66.21%, 89.06%, and 115.00% greater RTQ values than did the machined implants at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated the roughened implants significantly increased bone-implant contact and peri-implant bone formation during all observation periods.CONCLUSION: These results suggest this surface-roughened approach provides the implant surface with a considerable osteoconductive potential promoting a high level of bone integration with bone.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Dental Etching', 'Dental Implants', 'Dental Polishing', 'Device Removal', 'Femur', 'Implants, Experimental', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Osseointegration', 'Rabbits', 'Surface Properties', 'Tibia', 'Titanium', 'Torque']
| 18,602,288
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E06.931.475'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['E06.298'], ['E04.199'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['E07.695.340'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G02.860'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['G01.374.860.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Differences in gait complexity and variability between children with and without developmental coordination disorder.
|
We used elliptical Fourier analysis (EFA) to examine potential differences in the complexity and variability of gait of children with (N=10) and without (N=10) Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Children with DCD generated movement patters with larger variability and complexity than typically developing (TD) children. In addition, children with DCD exhibited greater asymmetry in their movement patterns compared to TD children. Our results suggest that children with DCD have significantly greater difficulty producing consistent movement patterns both across their left and right legs and over repeated strides. EFA techniques show promise for distinguishing between different groups of individuals.
|
['Child', 'Female', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Skills Disorders', 'Movement', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 18,829,321
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.625.813'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Differential response to avian leukosis virus infection exhibited by two chicken lines.
|
Infection of susceptible chickens with avian leukosis virus (ALV) results in the development of bursal lymphomas. These neoplasms develop within the bursa of Fabricius following a latent period of several months. The response exhibited by two previously uncharacterized chicken lines to ALV infection has been examined. The two lines, Hyline SC and FP, responded differently to ALV infection. During a 24-week period following intravenous ALV infection, 27 of 50 SC chickens developed bursal lymphomas. No lymphomas developed in the 36 FP chickens tested. A majority of the SC chickens that developed lymphomas also exhibited widespread metastasis to the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Analysis of cellular DNA from the primary and metastatic tumors demonstrated the clonal nature of these neoplasms and revealed altered c-myc loci, as reported in other studies, suggesting the importance of this locus in the development of these tumors. Further characterization of the ALV infection of SC and FP chickens will provide an opportunity to analyze the mechanism of resistance and to contribute to the understanding of the tumorigenic process.
|
['Animals', 'Avian Leukosis', 'Avian Leukosis Virus', 'Base Sequence', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chickens', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Fibroblasts', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Oncogenes']
| 6,328,748
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.925.782.815.096', 'C01.925.928.120', 'C04.557.337.372.216', 'C04.619.531.216', 'C22.131.094'], ['B04.613.807.070.100', 'B04.820.650.070.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['A11.329.228'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outcomes of bleeding peptic ulcers: a prospective study.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Bleeding peptic ulcers can be due to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or idiopathic causes. The aim of this prospective study was to identify the clinical outcomes of bleeding peptic ulcers related to different causes.METHODS: A total of 390 patients with bleeding ulcers were evaluated consecutively between June 2005 and August 2006. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection was made at index endoscopy, using histology and the rapid urease test. If both endoscopic diagnostic tests were not performed, a serological test was applied to detect the presence of H. pylori infection in a previously untreated patient. The prevalence and outcome of bleeding ulcers are related to H. pylori infection, NSAID use, and non-H. pylori idiopathic causes. The outcome between patients who were admitted for ulcer bleeding (outpatient bleeder) and those who bled while hospitalized (in-hospital bleeder) was also compared.RESULTS: NSAID ulcers were noted in 223 patients, H. pylori ulcers in 102, and non-H. pylori idiopathic ulcers in 65. In total, 298 patients had outpatient bleeders, and 92 had in-hospital bleeders. The overall 3-day rebleeding rate was 11.8% and the mortality rate was 5.4%. Eighteen of the 21 mortality cases died of their underlying comorbid illness. Patients with non-H. pylori idiopathic ulcers had a significantly higher mortality rate than NSAID and H. pylori ulcers (12.3% vs 4.5% vs 2.9%, P = 0.02). Patients with H. pylori ulcers had significantly favorable outcomes than patients with NSAID ulcers (less blood transfusion and a shorter hospital stay) and non-H. pylori idiopathic ulcers (shorter hospital stay and a lower mortality). Patients with in-hospital bleeders had an adverse outcome as compared to outpatient bleeders, including a 3-day rebleeding rate (25.0% vs 7.7%, P < 0.0001), 30-day rebleeding rate (32.6% vs 12.1%, P < 0.0001), and higher mortality rate (16.3% vs 2.0%, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes the role of non-H. pylori idiopathic ulcers and in-hospital bleeders as the determining high-risk predictors for bleeding peptic ulcers.
|
['Aged', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Female', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,944,885
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.405.227.700', 'C23.550.414.788.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Environmental factors and multiple sclerosis severity: a descriptive study.
|
Growing evidence suggests that environmental factors play a key role in the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study was conducted to examine whether environmental factors may also be associated with the evolution of the disease. We collected data on smoking habits, sunlight exposure and diet (particularly consumption of vitamin D-rich foods) from a sample of 131 MS patients. We also measured their serum vitamin D concentration. The clinical impact of MS was quantified using the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS); MS was considered "severe" in patients with MSSS ? 6, and "mild" in patients with MSSS ? 1. The results showed a strong association between serum vitamin D concentration and both sunlight exposure (26.4 ± 11.9 ng/mL vs. 16.5 ± 12.1 ng/mL, p = 0.0004) and a fish-rich diet (23.5 ± 12.1 ng/mL vs. 16.1 ± 12.4 ng/mL, p = 0.005). Patients reporting frequent sunlight exposure had a lower MSSS (2.6 ± 2.4 h vs. 4.6 ± 2.6 h, p < 0.001). The mild MS patients reported much more frequent sunlight exposure (75% mild MS vs. 25% severe MS p = 0.004, Chi square test). A higher serum vitamin D concentration determined a lower risk of developing severe MS, adjusted for sunlight exposure (OR = 0.92 for one unit increase in vitamin D, 95% CI: 0.86-0.97, p = 0.005). A stronger inverse association emerged between frequent sunlight exposure and the risk of severe MS (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.09-0.71, p = 0.009). Our data show that an appropriate diet and adequate expose to sunlight are associated with less aggressive MS.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Diet', 'Disease Progression', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Patient Acuity', 'Sunlight', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Vitamin D', 'Young Adult']
| 24,950,063
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.836', 'G01.750.250.650.836', 'G01.750.770.578.836', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525', 'G16.500.750.775.525', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of charcoal amendment on adsorption, leaching and degradation of isoproturon in soils.
|
The effects of charcoal amendment on adsorption, leaching and degradation of the herbicide isoproturon in soils were studied under laboratory conditions. The adsorption data all fitted well with the Freundlich empirical equation. It was found that the adsorption of isoproturon in soils increased with the rate of charcoal amended (correlation coefficient r=0.957**, P<0.01). The amount of isoproturon in leachate decreased with the increase of the amount of charcoal addition to soil column, while the retention of isoproturon in soils increased with an increase in the charcoal content of soil samples. Biodegradation was still the most significant mechanism for isoproturon dissipation from soil. Charcoal amendment greatly reduced the biodegradation of isoproturon in soils. The half-lives of isoproturon degradation (DT(50)) in soils greatly extended when the rate of added charcoal increased from 0 to 50 g kg(-1) (for Paddy soil, DT(50) values increased from 54.6 to 71.4 days; for Alfisol, DT(50) from 16.0 to 136 days; and for Vertisol, DT(50) from 15.2 to 107 days). The degradation rate of isoproturon in soils was significantly negatively correlated with the amount of added charcoal. This research suggests that charcoal amendment may be an effective management practice for reducing pesticide leaching and enhancing its persistence in soils.
|
['Adsorption', 'Charcoal', 'Herbicides', 'Phenylurea Compounds', 'Soil Pollutants']
| 21,237,529
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D01.268.150.150'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['D02.065.950.681', 'D02.455.426.559.389.703'], ['D27.888.284.756']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Human, bovine, canine and rat thyroglobulin promoter sequences display species-specific differences in an in vitro study.
|
The proximal promoter regions of the thyroglobulin gene from man, beef, dog and rat were compared by transient expression in primary cultured dog thyrocytes. All four promoter regions were able to control properly the expression of a reporter gene in response to cyclic AMP stimulation. Surprisingly, despite extensive sequence conservation, the transcriptional activities of these four mammalian thyroglobulin promoters were differently affected by equivalent mutations. Homologous sequence elements from these promoter regions also exhibited distinct binding characteristics in mobility-shift experiments conducted in the presence of nuclear proteins from bovine thyroids. Our observations show that the highly conserved thyroglobulin promoters may exhibit unexpected functional differences in a specific assay and indicate that some of the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of thyroglobulin gene expression have evolved differently within mammals.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cattle', 'Chloramphenicol', 'Colforsin', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Dogs', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Regulator', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Rats', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Species Specificity', 'Thyroglobulin', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transfection']
| 8,388,339
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D02.033.455.706.300', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175', 'D02.640.529.175'], ['D02.455.849.291.300'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.425'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G16.824'], ['D12.776.377.856', 'D12.776.395.768', 'D12.776.486.706'], ['A06.300.900'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glomerular filtration rate and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as predictors of cardiovascular mortality in vascular patients.
|
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work was to assess the prognostic role of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and NT-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for mortality end points in the vascular population.BACKGROUND: The GFR and NT-proBNP have been shown to predict mortality end points in free-living and limited vascular populations, independent of traditional risk factors. However, their prognostic power in an unrestricted vascular population is poorly understood.METHODS: A total of 412 subjects from a vascular cohort with a history of either peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and/or other cardiovascular disease (CVD) were included in this prospective cohort analysis and followed for an average of 6.7 years. Outcome variables were all-cause mortality, ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality, and any cardiovascular mortality. The prognostic roles of GFR and NT-proBNP levels were determined using multivariate survival analysis.RESULTS: Higher GFR (per 10 ml/min/1.73 m2) was significantly protective for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81, p < 0.001), IHD mortality (HR 0.82, p = 0.008), and CVD mortality (HR 0.84, p = 0.005). Conversely, NT-proBNP was not a significant predictor of any mortality end point. The GFR showed the strongest association in subjects with a history of other CVD. Although NT-proBNP did not demonstrate a significant prognostic role in any of the subgroups, the data were suggestive for patients with PAD alone.CONCLUSIONS: Glomerular filtration rate was a robust predictor of all-cause, IHD, and cardiovascular mortality in the vascular population, particularly in those with a history of other CVD, while NT-proBNP showed a suggestive association limited to the group with PAD only. These findings suggest that these markers must be selectively applied in the vascular population for greatest clinical utility.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Natriuretic Peptide, Brain', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Vascular Diseases']
| 17,543,637
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D06.472.699.584.625', 'D12.644.548.585.625', 'D12.776.631.590'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['C14.907']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Natural history of anterior chest wall numbness after plating of clavicle fractures: educating patients.
|
OBJECTIVES: Improved patient outcomes after plating of displaced clavicle fractures have been demonstrated by recent clinical studies. Many of these patients, however, complain of anterior chest wall numbness after this procedure; we hypothesize that numbness likely persists long term for many patients, but without effect on shoulder function.DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort.SETTING: Level 1 trauma center.PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: Adult patients undergoing plating of a displaced middle third diaphyseal clavicle fracture.INTERVENTION: Open reduction and internal fixation with superior clavicle plating.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome is anterior chest wall numbness size (in square centimeters) and location as measured with a numbness transparency grid. Secondary outcomes include Visual Analog scale, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, and Constant scores 1 year postoperatively.RESULTS: Twenty-five of 27 consecutive patients met inclusion/exclusion criteria, with 92% 1-year follow-up. Numbness at 2 weeks is very common, involving 83% of patients, with a mean area of 44 cm. Numbness at 1 year remains relatively common, involving 52% of patients, with a mean area of 15 cm (66% decrease in area from 2 weeks, P = 0.009). Numbness at 2 weeks predicted a 63% chance of continued 1-year numbness (37% resolved); Constant, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, and Visual Analog scale pain scores remained excellent in all patients at final follow-up, without correlation between numbness and outcome measures (r < 0.170).CONCLUSIONS: Anterior chest wall numbness after open reduction internal fixation of displaced clavicle fractures is very common in the early postoperative period and may remain high 1 year postoperatively. Numbness 1 year after surgery is not associated with poor clinical outcome measures.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic level IV. See instructions for authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Plates', 'Clavicle', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Humans', 'Hypesthesia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Prospective Studies', 'Recovery of Function', 'Thoracic Wall', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 24,662,990
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['A02.835.232.087.227'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.751.791.500', 'C23.888.592.763.770.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G16.757'], ['A01.923.761.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Educational resources for vascular laboratory education in vascular surgery residencies and fellowships: Survey of Vascular Surgery Program Directors.
|
OBJECTIVE: The Registered Physician in Vascular Interpretation (RPVI) credential is a prerequisite for certification by the Vascular Surgery Board of the American Board of Surgery. Of concern, as more current trainees and recent program graduates take the Physician Vascular Interpretation (PVI) examination, vascular surgery trainee pass rates have decreased. Residents and fellows have a lower PVI examination pass rates than practicing vascular surgeons. The purpose of this study was to assess current vascular laboratory (VL) training for vascular surgery residents and fellows and to identify gaps that residency and fellowship programs might address.METHODS: Program directors (PDs) of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited vascular surgery programs (107 fellowships, 53 integrated residency programs) were surveyed using a web-based tool. Responses were submitted anonymously. Data collected included information about the program, the PD, accreditation status of the VL, and the curriculum used to meet the PVI prerequisites. Concurrent data (June 2017) on the credentials of all PDs were obtained from the Alliance for Physician Certification and Advancement (APCA).RESULTS: Sixty-one of 117 PDs participated in the survey (52% response rate). Of these, 44 individuals (72% of responders) reported they held the RPVI and/or Registered Vascular Technologist credential. Records from APCA indicated that 51 of 117 PDs of accredited vascular surgery residencies and fellowships (44%) had an RPVI/Registered Vascular Technologist credential. Ninety-four percent reported that their VL was accredited. Practical VL experience for trainees was reported to be 20 hours or less by 62% of respondents. The use of a structured curriculum for practical experience was reported by only 15 programs. Programs with fellowships established for more than 10 years were more likely to have a structured program for didactic instruction (P = .03). Only 23 programs reported a dedicated VL rotation. Didactic instruction provided was 20 hours or less for 75% of the cohort.CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of a standardized VL curriculum, there is variation in the VL instruction provided to trainees. Fellowship programs with longer histories have more structured instruction, but time allocated to VL education is substantially less than the 30 hours of didactic and 40 hours of practical experience recommended by the APCA. Programs and learners may benefit from the development of VL training guidelines and curriculum resources.
|
['Certification', 'Clinical Competence', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Medical, Graduate', 'Educational Measurement', 'Fellowships and Scholarships', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Program Evaluation', 'Surgeons', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'United States', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 30,622,008
|
[['N03.706.110.120', 'N05.700.200.190'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.337.350', 'I02.358.399.350'], ['I02.399'], ['N03.219.483.838.276'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['M01.526.485.810.910', 'N02.360.810.910'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Asthma control and differences in management practices across seven European countries.
|
Failure to follow asthma management guidelines may result in poor asthma control for many patients. The Asthma Insights and Reality in Europe (AIRE) survey, a multi-national survey assessing the level of asthma control from the patients perspective in seven Western European countries, previously demonstrated that the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guideline goals were not achieved in Western Europe and that both adults and children with asthma were poorly controlled. Using additional data on asthma management practices from each of the seven countries in the AIRE survey, we compared variations in asthma morbidity and asthma management practices across countries to provide insight into the reasons for poor asthma control. Asthma management practices and asthma control among adults and children with current asthma were suboptimal in each of seven countries surveyed. Among patients with symptoms of severe persistent asthma, over 40% reported their asthma was well or completely controlled. School absence due to asthma was reported by upto 52.7% of children and up to 27.6% of adult reported work absence due to asthma. Lung function testing in the past year was uncommon: ranging from 13.5% of children in the U.K. to 68.8% of adults in Germany. Written asthma management plans were used by less than 50% of adults and less than 61% of children in all seven countries. Most adults (49.5-73.0%) and a large proportion of children (38.4-70.6%) had follow-up visits for their asthma only when problems developed. The ratio of recent inhaled corticosteroid use to recent short-acting beta-agonist use was inappropriate (<1) among patients with symptoms of severe asthma in all countries. This disparity was greatest among adults in Italy and France, where recent inhaled corticosteroid use was reported by less than one in nine patients reporting recent use of short-acting bronchodialators (IS:SAB <0.11). Management practices differ between countries and additional public health interventions and resources may be necessary to reduce patient suffering. Further efforts to fully implement asthma management guidelines are required to improve asthma control in Europe.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenergic beta-Agonists', 'Adult', 'Asthma', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morbidity', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Respiratory Function Tests']
| 11,905,548
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.100.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.542'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E01.370.386.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Bone scintigraphy of calciphylaxis: a syndrome of vascular calcification and skin necrosis.
|
Calciphylaxis is a highly morbid syndrome of vascular calcification and skin necrosis, the pathophysiology of which remains largely elusive. We report a patient with end-stage renal disease and multiple painful skin lesions who underwent a bone scan for extremity pain. Increased tracer accumulation was seen in the subcutaneous tissues of the trunk and lower extremities. In this case, the bone scan aided in the diagnosis and treatment of calciphylaxis for a patient who experienced a relatively short hospital stay.
|
['Aged', 'Bone and Bones', 'Calcinosis', 'Calciphylaxis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Necrosis', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Skin Ulcer', 'Syndrome', 'Technetium Tc 99m Medronate', 'Vascular Diseases']
| 16,237,294
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['C18.452.174.130.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['C23.550.717'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['C17.800.893'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['D02.691.825.750', 'D02.705.429.500.885'], ['C14.907']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in children and youth of Poland].
|
After the Second World War tuberculosis was a very serious health problem in Poland. Tuberculosis in children and youth constituted an important part of the morbidity in the whole population. In 1957 almost 27% of newly detected cases concerned children (19.9%) and adolescents (7%). This percentage decreased systematically through 15.1% in 1965 to 3,0% of total morbidity in 1999 (0.8% in children aged 0-14 and 2.2% in youth aged 15-19 years). Improvement was also observed in the general tuberculosis morbidity rate. The number of new cases diagnosed in 1965 was 57511 (morbidity rate per 100000 population was 182.6) and in 1990 the number of new cases diagnosed was 16136 (morbidity rate 42.3 per 100000 population). In 1999 - 12179 new cases in the whole population were registered (morbidity rate 31.5 per 100000 population). The decrease of morbidity in children and adolescents was more rapid than in adults (mean value 8.9%). The number of new tuberculosis cases diagnosed in 1965 in the age group 0-14 was 4248, (43.5 per 100000 population) and fell to 108 new cases in 1999 (1.4 per 100000 population). In the 15-19 years age group in 1965 - 3621 new cases were diagnosed (125.2 per 100000 population) and in 1999 - 265 new cases (8 per 100000 population) were detected. The most common form of tuberculosis in children and in youth as well as in adults is pulmonary tuberculosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Poland', 'Prevalence', 'Tuberculosis', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 11,228,602
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists increase gastric motility in the rat.
|
Systemic administration of selective NMDA antagonists, such as CPP, APH, ketamine and MK-801, increased spontaneous gastric motility of the rat in a dose-dependent manner, and they prevented the NMDA-evoked depression of gastric motility. On the other hand, a broad spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist, kynurenate, DNQX and CNQX decreased spontaneous gastric motility. Under the action of hexamethonium or chlorisondamine, CPP and MK-801 had little effect upon gastric motility. After the treatment with atropine, the motor responses to NMDA, CPP and MK-801 were hardly observed. Similar results were obtained after vagotomy.
|
['2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate', 'Animals', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Dibenzocycloheptenes', 'Dizocilpine Maleate', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Male', 'Piperazines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Receptors, Neurotransmitter', 'Stomach']
| 1,973,272
|
[['D12.125.070.950.100', 'D12.125.740.025'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.800.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384', 'D04.615.181.384'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384.380', 'D04.615.181.384.380'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D03.383.606'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.720'], ['A03.556.875.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Age-dependent morphology of NADPH diaphorase-positive amacrine cells in the mouse retina.
|
NADPH diaphorase-positive amacrine cells (NAC) were studied in retinal whole mount preparation of mice, ranging from 1 day to 30 months of age. Following a peak in number and size during early development at postnatal day 14, their number and distribution remained well preserved up to senescence. Functional considerations include immunological, vascular and neuro-modulating aspects.
|
['Aging', 'Amacrine Cells', 'Animals', 'Cell Shape', 'Mice', 'NADPH Dehydrogenase', 'Retina']
| 22,472,000
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['A08.675.358.050', 'A08.675.650.850.500', 'A09.371.729.831.500', 'A11.671.358.050', 'A11.671.650.850.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.682.608.550'], ['A09.371.729']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fenestration of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery.
|
A twenty-eight year old woman presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage was found at angiography to have a left anterior cerebral-anterior communicating artery aneurysm. Also identified was a fenestration of the right supraclinoid internal carotid artery with an associated accessory middle cerebral artery. This appears to be the second reported case of fenestration of the intracranial internal carotid artery. Fenestrations of cerebral vessels and their possible embryologic origins are briefly reviewed.
|
['Adult', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Aneurysm', 'Ischemic Attack, Transient', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']
| 3,607,619
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.600', 'C14.907.055.635', 'C14.907.253.560.300'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.836', 'C14.907.253.092.836'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Association of H-2 types with genetic control of immune reponsiveness to IgG (gamma2a) allotypes in the mouse.
|
Immune responsiveness to IgG allotypes in the mouse was found to be controlled by an immune response gene Ir-IgG linked to the H-2 locus. This was demonstrated by the analysis of the immune response to BALB/c IgG (gamma2a) myeloma proteins in mice of various H-2 types from five different linkage groups of immunoglobulin heavy chains. Antisera were examined for antibodies to idiotypic (Fab) and allotypic (Fc) specificities. No immune response to BALB/c IgG myeloma proteins was found in mice with the same heavy-chain immunoglobulin linkage group as BALB/c but of different H-2 types. In mice with immunoglobulin heavy chains that are different than BALB/c, a high immune response to IgG myeloma proteins was found in H-2 types b, bc, p, r, s, and v; a low response in a, d, k, and q. The Ir-IgG gene is controlled by a dominant autosomal gene.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Binding Sites, Antibody', 'Epitopes', 'Genes', 'Histocompatibility', 'Histocompatibility Antigens', 'Immunization', 'Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments', 'Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Isoantigens', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred A', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Myeloma Proteins']
| 4,117,189
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['G02.111.570.060.425.079', 'G02.111.570.120.408', 'G12.122.232', 'G12.125'], ['D23.050.550'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G12.875.519'], ['D23.050.301.500', 'D23.050.705.552'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D12.644.541.500.650', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650'], ['D12.644.541.500.697', 'D12.776.124.486.485.538.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.697', 'D12.776.124.790.651.538.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.660', 'D12.776.377.715.548.538.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.660'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D23.050.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.300', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.300'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.900.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.900.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.900.500', 'D12.776.624.553']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Leucovorin and folic acid regimens for selective expansion of murine 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate pools.
|
Mice bearing subcutaneously implanted EMT6 mammary adenocarcinoma were treated with leucovorin or folic acid by continuous subcutaneous infusion or bolus intraperitoneal injection. (6R)-5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate pools in cytosolic extracts of the tumor, marrow, and gut were measured by analysis of the ternary complex with thymidylate synthase (5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate: dUMP C-methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.45) and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylate, and the polyglutamate distribution in the (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate pool was analyzed by native gel electrophoresis. Bolus intraperitoneal administration of either leucovorin or folic acid caused dose-dependent expansion of the (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate pool in the tumor, but not in the marrow or gut. For example, the AUC (0-5 hr) in the tumor increased from a baseline value of 8.2 to 20 nmol/mg protein.hr after a bolus dose of 1.5 mmol/kg of leucovorin or folic acid, whereas the increase in marrow and gut was 2- to 4-fold lower. Continuous subcutaneous infusion at the same total dosage over 3 days gave AUC (0-96 hr) values of 134 nmol/mg protein.hr for controls as compared with 347 nmol/mg protein.hr for the leucovorin group and 254 nmol/mg protein.hr for the folic acid group. In contrast to bolus treatment, the increase in (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the marrow and small intestine with both leucovorin and folic acid infusion was similar to the increase in the tumor. Thus, intraperitoneal bolus injection was tumor selective, but subcutaneous continuous infusion was not. Longer-chain polyglutamates of (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate in the tumor after bolus treatment with 0.375 and 0.75 mmol/kg of leucovorin or folic acid increased relative to controls. At higher doses of 1.5 and 2.25 mmol/kg, an increase was observed only in the mono/diglutamate fraction. In marrow, on the other hand, the mono/diglutamate fraction, but not the longer-chain polyglutamates, increased at all doses. In the constant infusion regimen, longer-chain polyglutamates increased in all three tissues, though in gut and marrow the mono/diglutamate fraction increased more than in tumor. Leucovorin and folic acid were converted to (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate more efficiently but less selectively during a 3-day subcutaneous infusion than after an intraperitoneal bolus. Longer-chain polyglutamates were selectively increased in tumor by both regimens of leucovorin administration.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow', 'Female', 'Folic Acid', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Leucovorin', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Polyglutamic Acid', 'Tetrahydrofolates']
| 7,534,077
|
[['B01.050'], ['A15.382.216'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800.350.450', 'D08.211.840.300.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D12.125.067.625.700', 'D12.125.119.409.700', 'D12.644.748'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800', 'D08.211.840']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measurements of the solar UVR protection provided by shade structures in New Zealand primary schools.
|
To reduce ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure during childhood, shade structures are being erected in primary schools to provide areas where children can more safely undertake outdoor activities. This study to evaluate the effectiveness of existing and purpose built shade structures in providing solar UVR protection was carried out on 29 such structures in 10 schools in New Zealand. Measurements of the direct and scattered solar UVR doses within the central region of the shade structures were made during the school lunch break period using UVR-sensitive polysulfone film badges. These measurements indicate that many of the structures had UVR protection factors (PF) of 4-8, which was sufficient to provide protection during the school lunch hour. However, of the 29 structures examined, only six would meet the suggested requirements of UVR PF greater than 15 required to provide all-day protection.
|
['Erythema', 'Humans', 'New Zealand', 'Schools', 'Sunscreening Agents', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 15,264,956
|
[['C17.800.229', 'C23.888.885.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['D27.505.696.706.776.800', 'D27.505.954.444.695', 'D27.720.269.800', 'D27.720.799.763.764'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A probabilistic model for sequence alignment with context-sensitive indels.
|
Probabilistic approaches for sequence alignment are usually based on pair Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) or Stochastic Context Free Grammars (SCFGs). Recent studies have shown a significant correlation between the content of short indels and their flanking regions, which by definition cannot be modelled by the above two approaches. In this work, we present a context-sensitive indel model based on a pair Tree-Adjoining Grammar (TAG), along with accompanying algorithms for efficient alignment and parameter estimation. The increased precision and statistical power of this model is shown on simulated and real genomic data. As the cost of sequencing plummets, the usefulness of comparative analysis is becoming limited by alignment accuracy rather than data availability. Our results will therefore have an impact on any type of downstream comparative genomics analyses that rely on alignments. Fine-grained studies of small functional regions or disease markers, for example, could be significantly improved by our method. The implementation is available at www.mcb.mcgill.ca/~blanchem/software.html.
|
['Algorithms', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Computer Simulation', 'Genome, Human', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'INDEL Mutation', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Markov Chains', 'Models, Genetic', 'Models, Statistical', 'Reference Standards', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 21,951,055
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.500', 'G05.558.370'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Orally active benzamide antipsychotic agents with affinity for dopamine D2, serotonin 5-HT1A, and adrenergic alpha1 receptors.
|
New antipsychotic drugs are needed because current therapy is ineffective for many schizophrenics and because treatment is often accompanied by extrapyramidal symptoms and dyskinesias. This paper describes the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a series of related (aminomethyl)benzamides in assays predictive of antipsychotic activity in humans. These compounds had notable affinity for dopamine D2, serotonin 5-HT1A, and alpha1-adrenergic receptors. The arylpiperazine 1-[3-[[4-[2-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]methyl]benzoyl]p ipe ridine (mazapertine, 6) was chosen because of its overall profile for evaluation in human clinical trials. The corresponding 4-arylpiperidine derivative 67 was also highly active indicating that the aniline nitrogen of 6 is not required for activity. Other particularly active structures include homopiperidine amide 14 and N-methylcyclohexylamide 31.
|
['Adrenergic Agents', 'Animals', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Catalepsy', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Conditioning, Psychological', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Dopamine Agents', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Piperazines', 'Piperidines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1', 'Receptors, Dopamine D2', 'Receptors, Serotonin', 'Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1', 'Serotonin Agents', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 9,622,541
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050', 'D27.505.696.577.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['C10.597.350.200', 'C23.888.592.350.200'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.463.425.179'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D27.505.519.625.150', 'D27.505.696.577.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D03.383.621'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.300.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.300.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.300.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.100'], ['D27.505.519.625.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of the sympathetic innervation on uterine electromyographic activity in nonpregnant ovariectomized sheep under estrogen supplementation.
|
The aims of the present study were to characterize the sympathetic innervation of the nonpregnant sheep uterus, to determine the catecholamine content in myometrium (MYO) and endometrium, and to study the effects of chemical sympathectomy (CHSPX) on uterine catecholamine content and on uterine electromyographic (EMG) activity recorded from the MYO and mesometrium (MESO) in the nonpregnant ovariectomized sheep. After synchronization of estrus, 9 nonpregnant sheep were anesthetized with halothane, ovariectomized, and fitted with vascular catheters and EMG electrodes. Estradiol-17 beta was administered intravascularly at a rate of 50 micrograms/24 h for 10 days. CHSPX was induced with 6-hydroxy dopamine (20 mg/kg). Uterine tissues were obtained for determination of catecholamine content by HPLC and for immunocytochemical staining using an antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). In nonpregnant ovariectomized sheep, TH immunostaining was present in nerve fibers located in endometrium and MYO. In all layers of the uterus, catecholamine fibers were found in the proximity of blood vessels as well as in defined regions of the parenchyma. Throughout the uterus, norepinephrine content and TH immunostaining were dramatically decreased after CHSPX. CHSPX decreased uterine short EMG event activity in both MYO and MESO. Contracture-type activity was not affected in MYO and was increased in MESO. We conclude that sympathetic innervation modulates the MYO and MESO EMG activity in nonpregnant ovariectomized sheep under estradiol supplementation, and that the removal of the sympathetic innervation induces a decrease in the spontaneous activity.
|
['Animals', 'Dinoprost', 'Dopamine', 'Electromyography', 'Endometrium', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Myometrium', 'Norepinephrine', 'Ovariectomy', 'Oxidopamine', 'Sheep', 'Sympathectomy, Chemical', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase', 'Uterus']
| 1,352,148
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.400.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.400.200'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['A05.360.319.679.490'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A02.633.570.500', 'A05.360.319.679.690', 'A10.690.467.500'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['D02.092.311.342.478.650', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342.478.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E04.525.210.105.800.800'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tempol improves xanthine oxidoreductase-mediated vascular responses to nitrite in experimental renovascular hypertension.
|
Upregulation of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) increases vascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and contributes to nitroso-redox imbalance. However, XOR can generate nitric oxide (NO) from nitrite, and increased superoxide could inactivate NO formed from nitrite. This study tested the hypothesis that XOR contributes to the cardiovascular effects of nitrite in renovascular hypertension, and that treatment with the antioxidant tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl) improves XOR-mediated effects of nitrite. Blood pressure was assessed weekly in two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) and control rats. After six weeks of hypertension, the relaxing responses to nitrite were assessed in aortic rings in the presence of the XOR inhibitor oxypurinol (or vehicle), either in the absence or in the presence of tempol. Moreover, in vivo hypotensive responses to nitrite were also examined in the presence of oxypurinol (or vehicle) and tempol (or vehicle). Aortic XOR activity and expression were evaluated by fluorescence and Western blot, respectively. Vascular ROS production was assessed by the dihydroethidium assay. 2K1C hypertensive rats showed increased aortic XOR activity and vascular ROS production compared with control rats. Oxypurinol shifted the nitrite concentration-response curve to the right in aortic rings from 2K1C rats (but not in controls). Oxypurinol also attenuated the hypotensive responses to nitrite in 2K1C rats (but not in controls). These functional findings agree with increased aortic and plasma XOR activity found in 2K1C rats. Tempol treatment enhanced oxypurinol-induced shift of the nitrite concentration-response curve to the right. However, antioxidant treatment did not affect XOR-mediated hypotensive effects of nitrite. Our results show that XOR is important to the cardiovascular responses to nitrite in 2K1C hypertension, and XOR inhibitors commonly used by patients may cancel this effect. This finding suggests that nitrite treatment may not be effective in patients being treated with XOR inhibitors. Moreover, while tempol may improve the vascular responses to nitrite, antihypertensive responses are not affected.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cyclic N-Oxides', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renovascular', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitrites', 'Rats', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Spin Labels', 'Xanthine Dehydrogenase']
| 27,078,869
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D03.661.243'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331.490', 'C13.351.968.419.331.490', 'C14.907.489.631.485'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D02.389.678'], ['D08.811.682.047.892']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A New Algorithm for Counting Independent Motifs in Probabilistic Networks.
|
Biological networks provide great potential to understand how cells function. Motifs are topological patterns which are repeated frequently in a specific network. Network motifs are key structures through which biological networks operate. However, counting independent (i.e., non-overlapping) instances of a specific motif remains to be a computationally hard problem. Motif counting problem becomes computationally even harder for biological networks as biological interactions are uncertain events. The main challenge behind this problem is that different embeddings of a given motif in a network can share edges. Such edges can create complex computational dependencies between different instances of the given motif when considering uncertainty of those edges. In this paper, we develop a novel algorithm for counting independent instances of a specific motif topology in probabilistic biological networks. We present a novel mathematical model to capture the dependency between each embedding and all the other embeddings, which it overlaps with. We prove the correctness of this model. We evaluate our model on real and synthetic networks with different probability, and topology models as well as reasonable range of network sizes. Our results demonstrate that our method counts non-overlapping embeddings in practical time for a broad range of networks.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cell Cycle', 'Computational Biology', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Gorilla gorilla', 'Humans', 'Models, Genetic', 'Pan troglodytes', 'Pongo', 'Probability', 'Species Specificity', 'Uncertainty']
| 29,994,098
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['C14'], ['G04.144'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.635'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['G16.824'], ['E05.318.740.600.900', 'F02.463.785.373.820', 'G17.680.875', 'N05.715.360.750.625.850', 'N06.850.520.830.600.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Sphingosine phosphate lyase expression is essential for normal development in Caenorhabditis elegans.
|
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous membrane constituents whose metabolites function as signaling molecules in eukaryotic cells. Sphingosine 1-phosphate, a key sphingolipid second messenger, regulates proliferation, motility, invasiveness, and programmed cell death. These effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate and similar phosphorylated sphingoid bases have been observed in organisms as diverse as yeast and humans. Intracellular levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate are tightly regulated by the actions of sphingosine kinase, which is responsible for its synthesis and sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase and sphingosine phosphate lyase, the two enzymes responsible for its catabolism. In this study, we describe the cloning of the Caenorhabditis elegans sphingosine phosphate lyase gene along with its functional expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Promoter analysis indicates tissue-specific and developmental regulation of sphingosine phosphate lyase gene expression. Inhibition of C. elegans sphingosine phosphate lyase expression by RNA interference causes accumulation of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated long-chain bases and leads to poor feeding, delayed growth, reproductive abnormalities, and intestinal damage similar to the effects seen with exposure to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin. Our results show that sphingosine phosphate lyase is an essential gene in C. elegans and suggest that the sphingolipid degradative pathway plays a conserved role in regulating animal development.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Primers', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Humans', 'Lysophospholipids', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sphingosine']
| 12,682,045
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.308.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D02.033.100.700', 'D02.033.455.843', 'D02.092.063.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protein deficiency reduces natural antitumor immunity.
|
Clinical data have shown that neoplastic diseases and/or related therapies frequently result in protein depletion of tumor-bearing patients. Depressions of acquired and specific immunity caused by protein depletion are well known. In an experimental model protein depletion was induced by lack of nutritional protein in otherwise isocaloric conditions in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice over various time periods (max. 35 days). The results show that natural immune effector cells, natural killer cells, and monocyte/macrophages also during treatment with biological response modifiers (BRM) are depressed in their cytotoxic potentials in vitro and in vivo. Substantial and critical reductions of bone marrow cellularity (bone marrow nucleated cells) were also observed. In contrast, preliminary results show that if, following protein depletion, mice were treated parenterally with amino acids (Neo-aminomel, Boehringer-Ma. Co., FRG) complete restoration of immune parameters takes place. Adequate protein status is shown to be a crucial factor for natural immunity and therapy with BRM.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Proteins', 'Bone Marrow', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cytotoxicity, Immunologic', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Protein-Energy Malnutrition', 'Reference Values', 'Spleen', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 3,121,178
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124'], ['A15.382.216'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['G12.287'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C18.654.521.500.708.626'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tobacco cytochrome b5: cDNA isolation, expression analysis and in vitro protein targeting.
|
A full-length clone encoding cytochrome b5 has been isolated from a tobacco leaf cDNA library in lambda gt11 by PCR using degenerate primers. This cDNA encodes a protein of 139 residues which exhibits a high degree of homology to other cytochrome b5s, the message for which is expressed predominantly in developing seeds and in pigmented flower tissue. In the developing tobacco seed the mRNA is abundant at very early stages (< 10 days after flowering). Southern analysis indicated that more than one gene encodes cytochrome b5 in the tobacco genome. In vitro transcription and translation studies of the cDNA indicated that the protein inserts into the ER membrane by a non-SRP-mediated pathway and that the C-terminus of the protein is required for targeting and insertion.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Compartmentation', 'Cytochromes b5', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genome', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Plants, Toxic', 'RNA Caps', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Tobacco']
| 8,049,375
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G03.143'], ['G04.128'], ['D08.244.187.500', 'D12.776.422.220.187.500'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.360.340'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['B01.650.660'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.700', 'D13.444.735.544.500', 'D13.695.667.454.700', 'D13.695.827.426.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Accidents with bicycles and motorcycles. The injury pattern, costs, and possibilities for prevention].
|
This review comprises all 641 patients subjected to inpatient treatment in 1976, 1980 and 1984 at the Basel district hospital after accidents involving bicycles or motorcycles. A study of the case histories--supplemented by phone conversations--yielded the following results: Accidents involving bicycles or motor-driven bicycles were seen in all age groups, but motorcycle accidents occurred exclusively among the younger generation. Whereas motorcycle accidents mostly happened during joyrides, accidents with bicycles or mobikes mainly occurred on the way to work. The incidence rate was highest during summertime and in the rush hours at noon or in the evening. Motorcycle accidents resulted in more severe injuries, longer hospitalisation, longer periods of disability and higher costs than bicycle or mobike accidents the latter being mainly characterised by mostly slight head injuries and the former by injuries of the legs and arms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bicycling', 'Cost Control', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motorcycles', 'Switzerland', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 1,353,295
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['I03.450.642.845.140'], ['N03.219.151.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['J01.937.500.500'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Differences in Osteoimmunological Biomarkers Predictive of Psoriatic Arthritis among a Large Italian Cohort of Psoriatic Patients.
|
(1) Background: In literature it is reported that 20-30% of psoriatic patients evolve to psoriatic arthritis over time. Currently, no specific biochemical markers can either predict progression to psoriatic arthritis or response to therapies. This study aimed to identify osteoimmunological markers applicable to clinical practice, giving a quantitative tool for evaluating pathological status and, eventually, to provide prognostic support in diagnosis. (2) Methods: Soluble (serum) bone and cartilage markers were quantified in 50 patients with only psoriasis, 50 psoriatic patients with psoriatic arthritis, and 20 healthy controls by means of multiplex and enzyme-linked immunoassays. (3) Results: Differences in the concentrations of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B- ligand (RANK-L), procollagen type I N propeptide (PINP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx-I), dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1), and sclerostin (SOST) distinguished healthy controls from psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis patients. We found that MMP2, MMP12, MMP13, TIMP2, and TIMP4 distinguished psoriasis from psoriatic arthritis patients undergoing a systemic treatment, with a good diagnostic accuracy (Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) > 0.7). Then, chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) and MMP10 distinguished psoriasis from psoriatic arthritis not undergoing systemic therapy and, in the presence of onychopathy, MMP8 levels were higher in psoriasis than in psoriatic arthritis. However, in these latter cases, the diagnostic accuracy of the identified biomarkers was low (0.5 < AUC < 0.7). (4) Conclusions. By highlighting never exploited differences, the wide osteoimmunological biomarkers panel provides a novel clue to the development of diagnostic paths in psoriasis and psoriasis-associated arthropathic disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthritis, Psoriatic', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Psoriasis', 'ROC Curve', 'Young Adult']
| 31,717,649
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C05.116.900.853.625.800.424', 'C05.550.114.145', 'C05.550.114.865.800.424', 'C17.800.859.675.175'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Salvage by volume reduction of chronic allograft rejection in emphysema.
|
BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that native lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) would improve respiratory function in patients who had previously undergone single lung transplantation for emphysema and who were disabled by obliterative bronchiolitis.METHODS: Seven single lung transplant recipients who had advanced bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS grade 3b), absence of active infection, and suitable anatomy underwent native LVRS. Mean time from lung transplantation to LVRS was 39 +/- 17 months.RESULTS: Mean FEV1 rose from 684 +/- 164 ml before LVRS to 949 +/- 219 ml at 3 months after LVRS, an increment of 40% (p = .002). Mean 6-minute walk rose from 781 +/- 526 ft before LVRS to 887 +/- 539 ft at 3 months after LVRS (p = .031), and mean dyspnea index declined from 3.1 +/- 1.1 before LVRS to 1.6 +/- 0.5 at 3 months after LVRS (p = .010). Mean native lung volume declined from 2956 +/- 648 ml before LVRS to 2541 +/- 621 ml at 3 months after LVRS, but the change was not statistically significant (p = .12). Mean transplant lung volume was little changed before and after LVRS (2099 +/- 411 ml and 1931 +/- 607 ml, respectively, p = NS). There was also a trend toward increased ventilation and perfusion of the native lung and reduction in ventilation and perfusion of the transplant lung, but these changes did not achieve statistical significance. By six months after LVRS, three patients died (two as a consequence respiratory failure), and survivors began to show evidence of deteriorating spirometry.CONCLUSIONS: LVRS is capable of salvaging respiratory function in chronic allograft rejection in emphysema by reducing native lung hyperinflation. These benefits, however, appear to be limited in magnitude and duration by the severity of the underlying allograft dysfunction.
|
['Aged', 'Bronchiolitis Obliterans', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Graft Rejection', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Emphysema', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Vital Capacity']
| 10,194,032
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.127.446.135.140', 'C08.381.495.146.135.140'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.495.389.750'], ['E02.895'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.900', 'G09.772.850.970']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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