Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Echocardiography in the Assessment of Left Atrial Pressure After Pediatric Heart Surgery: A Comparison Study With Measurements Obtained From Left Atrial Catheter.
|
BACKGROUND: Correlation between ventricular end-diastolic pressure and pulsed Doppler and tissue Doppler-derived E/e' ratio has been widely reported in adults but scarcely studied in children with congenital heart diseases. This ratio is defined as the relationship between diastolic transmitral flow velocity (cm/s; E) and myocardial diastolic relaxation velocity (cm/s; e') in the lateral aspect of the mitral annulus. Our main objective was to ascertain whether a correlation existed between direct measurement of left atrial pressure and echocardiographic E/e' ratio in children after heart surgery.METHODS: Prospective study including 27 consecutive children after pediatric heart surgery. Data were analyzed according to whether they were obtained within the first 72 hours following surgery or later on. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and areas under the receiver-operating characteristics curve of E/e' ratio in detection of left atrial pressure values ?13 mm Hg were evaluated.RESULTS: Forty-eight studies were conducted in 27 patients. Thirty-two studies were performed during the first 72 hours after heart surgery and 16 beyond the third day. Median patient age was 0.82 years (5 days-16 years). Median left atrial pressure values and E/e' measurements of the whole cohort (N = 48) were 12.0 and 10.2, respectively. Intraclass correlation index between left atrial pressure values and echocardiographic E/e' ratio was 0.35, 0.25 for studies performed within 72 hours, but 0.78 (P < .01) for those performed later. There was also a high positive predictive value, since in 13 (87%) of 15 studies with an E/e' ratio ?13, the left atrial pressure was ?13 mm Hg.CONCLUSION: While echocardiographic E/e' ratio did not show a good correlation with left atrial pressure in the immediate postoperative period, the positive predictive value may suffice to aid clinicians in predicting elevated pressures.
|
['Adolescent', 'Atrial Pressure', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Heart Atria', 'Heart Defects, Congenital', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies']
| 26,180,162
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G09.330.040.600', 'G09.330.380.037'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['A07.541.358'], ['C14.240.400', 'C14.280.400', 'C16.131.240.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Microcirculatory methods for evaluating the effect of vasoactive drugs in clinical practice.
|
Microcirculatory methods have to be used in order to be able to evaluate the effect of vasoactive drugs in ischemic skin areas. During the past two decades several new such techniques for studying the microcirculation in man have been developed. These techniques have shown to be of great value for evaluating drug effects in patients with disturbed peripheral circulation. One such method is the non-invasive Laser Doppler technique. It measures both the nutritional and the non-nutritional thermoregulatory vascular bed of the skin. The data achieved are only semiquantitative, but the method has been shown to be clinically very useful for studying the dynamics of total skin microcirculation in a specific area. In order to be able to study directly what happens in the nutritional capillaries microscopical methods have to be used. Two such techniques are available in clinical practice. By an ordinary light microscope the capillaries can be directly visualized. A specific classification system can be used to evaluate the degree of ischemic damage to an area. The effect of different kinds of therapeutic procedures for improving the microcirculation in an ischemic area can be easily evaluated. By the combination of a light microscope and a sensitive TV-camera the blood flow in single skin capillaries can be measured at a magnification of 250-1 000 times. This method is well suited for testing the immediate effects of vasoactive substances on the nutritional skin circulation both in healthy subjects and in patients with different kinds of cardiovascular diseases.
|
['Capillaries', 'Cardiovascular Agents', 'Humans', 'Lasers', 'Microcirculation', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Skin']
| 3,788,603
|
[['A07.015.461.165'], ['D27.505.954.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bridges to life: evaluation of an in-prison restorative justice intervention.
|
Restorative justice initiatives have been identified as primarily, if not exclusively, useful as a "front-end" diversionary option reserved for non violent property crimes and minor assaults. In-prison restorative justice programs are rare and have not been examined for their impact on recidivism. Bridges to Life (BTL) is a voluntary, manualized, ecumenical faith-based restorative justice program offered to incarcerated offenders who are within nine months of their release. A survey of BTL graduates (n=1021) found an appreciatively lower recidivism rate than the general population of released inmates. Quantitative and qualitative analyses suggest that BTL helps break through offenders' denial and self-centeredness, exposing them to the impact of their actions and helping them feel the pain their crimes created. Possible reasons for the positive nature of participants' responses are advanced. The use of in-prison restorative justice programs to facilitate offender re-entry is also discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Criminal Law', 'Criminal Psychology', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prisoners', 'Program Evaluation', 'Religion', 'Social Responsibility', 'Texas']
| 16,440,874
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.198.290', 'I01.880.604.583.100'], ['F02.784.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.729'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['K01.844'], ['F01.829.500.760', 'K01.752.566.869'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Left hemispheric activation in depersonalization disorder: a case report.
|
Depersonalization disorder is classified in DSM-III-R (APA 1987) as a dissociative disorder characterized by altered perception or experience of the self. To date, there are no known reports of the neurobiological features of this disorder. We report clinical and biological correlates in a patient with depersonalization disorder previously unresponsive to a variety of anticonvulsant, monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and tricyclic antidepressant trials, but for whom fluoxetine partially reduced depersonalization symptoms, but not associated anxiety and depression. Neurophysiological, neuroanatomical and neuropsychological findings revealed left hemispheric frontal-temporal activation and decreased left caudate perfusion. These findings suggest a similarity to the neuropsychiatric data reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Depersonalization', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests']
| 1,525,279
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F01.145.126.300'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Interleukin-3 production by mast cells from human lung.
|
The cytokine interleukin (IL)-3 is important in the proliferation of eosinophils and basophils in the airway. We investigated IL-3 production by human lung mast cells as a possible mechanism of the airway inflammation constituting the late asthmatic response. Mast cells were purified using affinity magnetic selection with the monoclonal antibody YB5.B8 and then stimulated with anti-human IgE antibody. IL-3 release was detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 8 h after anti-IgE stimulation. IL-3 release 24 h after anti-IgE stimulation was significantly greater than its controls. By reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, IL-3 mRNA was detected weakly 2 h after anti-IgE stimulation, peaking at 4 h and waning at 8 h. Immunocytochemistry to localize IL-3 demonstrated mast cell staining. These results suggest that mast cells release IL-3 in response to high-affinity IgE receptor.
|
['Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Interleukin-3', 'Kinetics', 'Lung', 'Mast Cells', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, IgE', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Stem Cell Factor']
| 10,065,759
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.071', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.071', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.071'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.400', 'D12.644.276.374.465.032', 'D12.776.395.240.400', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.032', 'D23.529.374.410.240.400', 'D23.529.374.465.169'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A04.411'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.280'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.800', 'D12.776.467.374.410.800', 'D23.529.374.410.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Rotterdam Study: 2012 objectives and design update.
|
The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic, neurological, ophthalmic, psychiatric, dermatological, oncological, and respiratory diseases. As of 2008, 14,926 subjects aged 45 years or over comprise the Rotterdam Study cohort. The findings of the Rotterdam Study have been presented in over a 1,000 research articles and reports (see www.erasmus-epidemiology.nl/rotterdamstudy ). This article gives the rationale of the study and its design. It also presents a summary of the major findings and an update of the objectives and methods.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cohort Studies', 'Epidemiologic Research Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Life Expectancy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Population Dynamics', 'Risk Assessment']
| 21,877,163
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.370', 'N05.715.360.325', 'N06.850.520.445'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.308.985.450', 'N01.224.935.464', 'N06.850.505.400.975.450', 'N06.850.520.308.985.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Adaptation of Rabensburg virus (RBGV) to vertebrate hosts by experimental evolution.
|
Rabensburg virus (RBGV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) has been classified as both a novel flavivirus and a unique lineage of West Nile virus (WNV). RBGV and WNV share approximately 76% sequence homology, yet RBGV does not replicate to high viral titers within vertebrate cell lines at physiological temperatures and has not been naturally isolated from a vertebrate host. These unique genetic and biological characteristics make RBGV a viable tool to identify the genetic determinants of flavivirus infectivity and fitness in vertebrate hosts. Using experimental evolution, we characterized mutated variants of RBGV that have altered capacity for infection and replication in various cell lines. Shared genetic differences within these variants were identified throughout the genome, with a large majority found in the NS3 and NS5 genes. Our results support a role for the replication complex in host utilization and suggest that epistatic interactions likely contribute to host-specific fitness and emergence.
|
['Adaptation, Biological', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Directed Molecular Evolution', 'Ducks', 'Flavivirus', 'Genetic Fitness', 'Genome, Viral', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Host Microbial Interactions', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Reverse Genetics', 'Sequence Homology', 'Vero Cells', 'Virus Replication', 'West Nile virus']
| 30,554,071
|
[['G16.012'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E05.393.420.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.050.200', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.345'], ['B04.820.578.344.350'], ['G05.347'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['G06.373', 'G16.527'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.731'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955'], ['G06.920.925'], ['B04.820.230.475.950', 'B04.820.578.344.350.300.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sodium movements in the human red blood cell.
|
Measurements were made of the sodium outflux rate constant, (o)k(Na), and sodium influx rate constant, (i)k(Na), at varying concentrations of extracellular (Na(o)) and intracellular (Na(c)) sodium. (o)k(Na) increases with increasing [Na(o)] in the presence of extracellular potassium (K(o)) and in solutions containing ouabain. In K-free solutions which do not contain ouabain, (o)k(Na) falls as [Na(o)] rises from 0 to 6 mM; above 6 mM, (o)k(Na) increases with increasing [Na(o)]. Part of the Na outflux which occurs in solutions free of Na and K disappears when the cells are starved or when the measurements are made in solutions containing ouabain. As [Na(o)] increases from 0 to 6 mM, (i)k(Na) decreases, suggesting that sites involved in the sodium influx are becoming saturated. As [Na(c)] increases, (o)k(Na) at first increases and then decreases; this relation between (o)k(Na) and [Na(c)] is found when the measurements are made in high Na, high K solutions; high Na, K-free solutions; and in (Na + K)-free solutions. The relation may be the consequence of the requirement that more than one Na ion must react with the transport mechanism at the inner surface of the membrane before transport occurs. Further evidence has been obtained that the ouabain-inhibited Na outflux and Na influx in K-free solutions represent an exchange of Na(c) for Na(o) via the Na-K pump mechanism.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Erythrocytes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Chemical', 'Ouabain', 'Potassium', 'Sodium', 'Sodium Isotopes']
| 5,476,387
|
[['G03.143'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.750.600', 'D09.408.180.810.600'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D01.268.549.750.500', 'D01.268.557.650.500', 'D01.496.807', 'D01.552.528.850.500', 'D01.552.547.725.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The submicrosomal distribution of dolichyl phosphate and dolichyl phosphate phosphatase in rat liver.
|
Rat liver microsomes were isolated and fractionated into Golgi, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and the purity of these preparations was determined. The dolichyl phosphate (Dol-P) content of whole microsomes and of each of the submicrosomal fractions was estimated using high pressure liquid chromatography. Dol-P accounts for 4 and 40% of the sum of the alcohol, the fatty acyl esters of dolichol, and monophosphate forms present in whole liver and in purified microsomes, respectively. Concentrations equal to 58, 77, and 108 ng of Dol-P/mg of protein were found in Golgi, SER, and RER, respectively. These values represent 3, 36, and 54% of the sum of the alcohol, the fatty acyl esters of dolichol, and monophosphate forms present in each of these same fractions, respectively. Increases in the Dol-P content of rat liver were observed as early as 12 h after turpentine-induced inflammation and increased 2-fold over 36 h. In this system, Dol-P accounts for no more than 50% of the sum of all phosphorylated and pyrophosphorylated dolichol intermediates present. The specific activity for dolichyl phosphate phosphatase was highest by more than a factor of 2 in Golgi membrane. Specific activities obtained for SER and RER were 42 and 11% of those present in Golgi. The major requirement for Dol-P is thought to be for the saccharide and oligosaccharide transferase reactions which are presumed to take place in RER. The discovery of significant quantities of Dol-P in Golgi and SER is consistent with a possible role of Dol-P in the transport of sugars required for glycoprotein synthesis and processing from a cytosolic to luminal orientation.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Dolichol Phosphates', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Male', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases', 'Polyisoprenyl Phosphates', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 6,317,680
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.242.251'], ['D02.033.318.250', 'D02.033.415.230.250', 'D02.455.849.366.250', 'D02.455.849.690.250', 'D02.705.400.725.200', 'D10.289.230.250'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D08.811.277.352.650'], ['D02.455.849.690', 'D02.705.400.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
There is no difference in the plasma cortisol level between women with body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal 25 kg/m² and polycystic ovary syndrome and the control group without polycystic ovary syndrome and BMI 25 kg/m².
|
A 4-8% of women of reproductive age suffer from the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The clinical and/ or biochemical hyperandrogenemia is found up to 75% of women with PCOS. It is unclear whether the hyperandogenemia in PCOS is caused directly by this disorder or by obesity. The recent studies have shown that the cortisol level in PCOS patients can be elevated, decreased or comparable to the control group. The aim of our study was to assess the cortisol plasma level in women with body mass index greater than or equal to 25 kg/ m², with and without PCOS. The study population consisted of 17 overweight women with PCOS and 44 overweight women without PCOS. There were not statistically significant differences in the body mass (group 1: 88.9 ± 17.0 kg, vs. group 2: 84.4 ± 15.2 kg; NS) nor the body mass index between both groups (group 1: 31.7 ± 5.9 kg/m², vs. group 2: 30.6 ± 5.4 kg/m²; NS). The groups did not differ in TSH, FSH, estradiol, SHBG, prolactin level at the baseline. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in the cortisol levels at 5 a.m. and 7 a.m. Our study suggests that there is no difference in the morning and 7 p.m. cortisol level between the women with and without PCOS among the population of women with body mass index greater than or equal 25 kg/m².
|
['Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Obesity', 'Overweight', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Young Adult']
| 27,526,420
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Is compartment pressure related to plasma colloid osmotic pressure, in patients during and after cardiac surgery?
|
Haemodilution is always considerable during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). If this extra fluid sits in the muscle compartments then a corresponding rise in the compartment pressure (CP) is to be expected. The aim of this study was to measure pressure changes in a body compartment with new equipment, the MTC (Microtransducer). Changes in plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP) were also measured during and after CPB to find a connection, if any, between CP and plasma COP. Ten elective consecutive CPB patients were studied. A 3-French (3-F) catheter-size electronic MTC was inserted in an anterior tibial compartment before CPB. The CP was monitored for 48 h. Plasma COP was also measured before, during and after CPB. CP increased significantly during and after CPB in all patients (p=0.01). COP decreased significantly in all patients (p=0.005), but no correlation was found between changes in COP and CP values in this study. Most of the patients reached their highest CP just after weaning off bypass. The CP remained elevated for 48 h, even though it then tended to decrease again. None of the patients reached the starting value within 48 h. COP decreased rapidly after going on bypass, but returned towards its starting value approximately 6 h after bypass. It is concluded that CP increases considerably during and after CPB and stays increased for at least 2 days after CPB. COP decreases during CPB, but reaches normal values 6 h after the CPB. No correlation was found between changes in CP and COP The MTC is a safe and easy way to measure intracompartment pressure.
|
['Aged', 'Body Fluid Compartments', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Colloids', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Plasma', 'Pressure', 'Time Factors', 'Transducers, Pressure', 'Water-Electrolyte Balance']
| 11,334,197
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A10.082', 'A12.207.180'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E04.292.413'], ['D20.280', 'D26.255.165'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E07.305.812.901'], ['G02.111.635.500', 'G03.615.500', 'G07.410.810.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of a chromosomal gene encoding type B beta-lactamase in phage group II isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.
|
In contrast to most Staphylococcus aureus isolates in which the gene for staphylococcal beta-lactamase (blaZ) is plasmid borne, isolates typeable by group II bacteriophages frequently carry blaZ on the chromosome. Furthermore, the chromosomal gene encodes the type B variant of staphylococcal beta-lactamase for which the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences have not yet been reported. To better understand beta-lactamase production among phage group II staphylococci and the nature of the type B beta-lactamase, we determined the type and amount of enzyme produced by 24 phage group II isolates. Of these isolates, 1 did not produce beta-lactamase, 8 produced the type B enzyme, and 15 produced the type C enzyme. In all eight type B beta-lactamase-producing isolates, blaZ was located on the chromosome. This was in contrast to the type C beta-lactamase-producing isolates, in which blaZ was located on a 21-kb plasmid. The nucleotide sequence corresponding to the leader peptide and the N-terminal 85% of the mature exoenzyme form of type B S. aureus was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed 3 residues in the leader peptide and 12 residues in the exoenzyme portion of the beta-lactamase that differ from the prototypic type A beta-lactamase sequence. These include the serine-to-asparagine change at residue 216 found in the kinetically similar type C enzyme, a threonine-to-lysine change at residue 128 close to the SDN loop (residues 130 to 132), and several substitutions not found in any of the other staphylococcal beta-lactamases. In summary, modern isolates of S. aureus typeable by group II phages produce type B or type C staphylococcal beta-lactamase. The type B gene resides on the chromosome and has a sequence that, when compared to the sequences of the other staphylococcal beta-lactamases, corresponds well with its kinetic properties.
|
['Bacteriophage Typing', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Cephaloridine', 'Cephalosporins', 'Chromosomes, Bacterial', 'Culture Media', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Penicillins', 'Plasmids', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 9,835,509
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150.125.150', 'E05.200.875.150.125.150'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.210', 'D02.886.665.074.210', 'D03.633.100.300.249.210'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['A11.284.187.190', 'A20.812', 'G05.360.162.190'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D02.065.589.099.750', 'D02.886.108.750', 'D03.633.100.300.750'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Colonic transit and anorectal manometry in children with severe brain damage.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study was conceived to determine the physiologic abnormalities in distal gastrointestinal motility that are responsible for constipation in brain-damaged children.DESIGN: Colonic transit and anorectal manometry were evaluated in 16 children with severe brain damage and constipation (mean age +/- SD; 5.1 +/- 3.5 years) and the results were compared with findings in 15 age- and sex-matched children with functional fecal retention and normal mental development. Anorectal motility findings also were compared with those from 11 asymptomatic children. The progress of radiopaque markers, as determined by sequential plain abdominal radiographs, was used to evaluate segmental colonic transit times.RESULTS: In children with brain damage, colonic transit was prolonged at the level of left colon in 18.8% of the patients, at both left colon and rectum in 56.2%, and at rectum only in 25%. These findings differed (P < .05) from those in children with functional fecal retention wherein transit was prolonged in the left colon and rectum in 20% of the patients and the rectum only in 80%. By anorectal manometry, no significant intergroup differences were detected in anal pressures and in the anorectal motor responses to rectal distention. The rectal compliance in children with severe brain damage was similar to the asymptomatic controls, whereas children with functional fecal retention had increased rectal compliance.CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that colonic transit abnormalities in both the left colon and rectum may be responsible for constipation in children with severe brain damage.
|
['Anal Canal', 'Brain Damage, Chronic', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chronic Disease', 'Colon', 'Constipation', 'Defecation', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Gastrointestinal Transit', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Manometry', 'Rectum']
| 8,036,068
|
[['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['C10.228.140.140'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['C23.888.821.150'], ['G10.261.165'], ['G10.261.360'], ['E01.370.372.310', 'G10.261.360.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.559'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Excretion of BSE and scrapie prions in stools from murine models.
|
Faeces from infected animals have been suggested as a potential source of contamination and transmission of prion diseases in the environment. This work describes the development of a procedure for the detection of PrP(res) in stools which is based on a detergent-based extraction and immunoprecipitation (IP). The procedure was evaluated by analyzing TSE-spiked sheep and mice faeces, and proved to be specific for PrP(res) with sensitivities of 5-10 microg of infected brain tissue. In order to analyze the shedding of prions, we studied stools from orally inoculated mice over 4-days post-inoculation and also stools from terminally sick scrapie-infected mice. PrP(res) was only detected in stools shortly after the oral ingestion of TSE agents. The procedure described could be a useful tool for studying the excretion of prions and for evaluating potential environmental contamination by prions.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cattle', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform', 'Feces', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'PrPSc Proteins', 'Prions', 'Scrapie', 'Species Specificity', 'Time Factors']
| 18,395,370
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C01.207.800.260', 'C10.228.228.800.260', 'C10.574.843.300', 'C22.196.250'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.776.785.340.750'], ['D12.776.785'], ['C01.207.800.717', 'C10.228.228.800.717', 'C10.574.843.850', 'C22.836.799'], ['G16.824'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A mutational analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans in space.
|
The International Caenorhabditis elegans Experiment First Flight (ICE-First) was a project using C. elegans as a model organism to study the biological effects of short duration spaceflight (11 days in the International Space Station). As a member of the ICE-First research team, our group focused on the mutational effects of spaceflight. Several approaches were taken to measure mutational changes that occurred during the spaceflight including measurement of the integrity of poly-G/poly-C tracts, determination of the mutation frequency in the unc-22 gene, analysis of lethal mutations captured by the genetic balancer eT1(III;V), and identification of alterations in telomere length. By comparing the efficiency, sensitivity, and convenience of these methods, we deduced that the eT1 balancer system is well-suited for capturing, maintaining and recovering mutational events that occur over several generations during spaceflight. In the course of this experiment, we have extended the usefulness of the eT1 balancer system by identifying the physical breakpoints of the eT1 translocation and have developed a PCR assay to follow the eT1 chromosomes. C. elegans animals were grown in a defined liquid media during the spaceflight. This is the first analysis of genetic changes in C. elegans grown in the defined media. Although no significant difference in mutation rate was detected between spaceflight and control samples, which is not surprising given the short duration of the spaceflight, we demonstrate here the utility of worms as an integrating biological dosimeter for spaceflight.
|
['Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins', 'Calmodulin-Binding Proteins', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cosmic Radiation', 'Crossing Over, Genetic', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Genes, Lethal', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Poly C', 'Poly G', 'Space Flight', 'Telomere', 'Translocation, Genetic']
| 16,765,996
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['D12.776.419.500'], ['D12.776.157.142'], ['E05.393.183'], ['G01.060.185', 'G01.750.750.235', 'G16.500.200', 'N06.230.300.100.300'], ['G05.728.615.200'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.350'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D13.695.578.550.560'], ['D13.695.578.550.600'], ['J01.937.285.850'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845'], ['C23.550.210.870', 'G05.365.590.175.870', 'G05.558.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Results following resection for stage IV gastric cancer; are better outcomes observed in selected patient subgroups?
|
BACKGROUND: Patients who present with stage IV gastric cancer are not commonly managed with surgical resection as effective palliation can usually be accomplished with systemic chemotherapy, endoscopic stenting, or surgical bypass procedures. Given the inherent morbidity and mortality associated with gastrectomy, palliative resection for stage IV gastric cancer should be reserved for ideal surgical candidates who are most likely to benefit from the procedure. The purpose of this study is to review outcomes following resection for stage IV gastric cancer, and to identify criteria predictive of improved outcomes following gastrectomy in this setting.METHODS: A retrospective review of a prospective GI oncology database was conducted. Sixty-three patients with stage IV gastric cancer managed with surgical resection between 1989 and 2001 were identified. Variables including demographic data, patterns of distant spread (ex: peritoneal, lymphatic, hematogenous), location of tumor, and type of gastrectomy were utilized to conduct survival analyses.RESULTS: Actuarial survival for all patients at one and 3-year intervals was 52% and 12%, respectively. Improved survival was observed for patients of East Asian race (median survival 20 vs. 12 months, P < 0.05, students t-test) and age less than 60 years (median survival 15 vs. 12 months, P < 0.05). This trend was also illustrated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Other variables including pattern of distant spread, location of tumor, and type of gastrectomy were not associated with a significant difference in survival. Both East Asian race and age less than 60 years were statistically significant predictors of improved survival when assessed by univariate regression analysis. When variables were analyzed in a multivariate regression analysis, Asian race and age <60 both lost their statistical significance as independent predictors of improved survival.CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival for patients with stage IV gastric cancer who are managed with surgical resection is achievable. Patient specific variables including East Asian race and age less than 60 years appear to be associated with prolonged survival when assessed by comparison of means, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and univariate regression analysis. However, multivariate regression analysis failed to demonstrate these factors as independent predictors of improved outcome. In conclusion, highly selected acceptable risk surgical candidates with stage IV gastric cancer should be considered for management with surgical resection in clinically appropriate scenarios.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Palliative Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,262,741
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Trehalose biosynthesis is involved in sporulation of Stagonospora nodorum.
|
Stagonospora nodorum is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that is the causal agent of leaf and glume blotch on wheat. S. nodorum is a polycyclic pathogen, whereby rain-splashed pycnidiospores attach to and colonise wheat tissue and subsequently sporulate again within 2-3weeks. As several cycles of infection are needed for a damaging infection, asexual sporulation is a critical phase of its infection cycle. A non-targeted metabolomics screen for sporulation-associated metabolites identified that trehalose accumulated significantly in concert with asexual sporulation both in vitro and in planta. A reverse-genetics approach was used to investigate the role of trehalose in asexual sporulation. Trehalose biosynthesis was disrupted by deletion of the gene Tps1, encoding a trehalose 6-phosphate synthase, resulting in almost total loss of trehalose during in vitro growth and in planta. In addition, lesion development and pycnidia formation were also significantly reduced in tps1 mutants. Reintroduction of the Tps1 gene restored trehalose biosynthesis, pathogenicity and sporulation to wild-type levels. Microscopic examination of tps1 infected wheat leaves showed that pycnidial formation often halted at an early stage of development. Further examination of the tps1 phenotype revealed that tps1 pycnidiospores exhibited a reduced germination rate while under heat stress, and tps1 mutants had a reduced growth rate while under oxidative stress. This study confirms a link between trehalose biosynthesis and pathogen fitness in S.nodorum.
|
['Ascomycota', 'Biosynthetic Pathways', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Gene Deletion', 'Glucosyltransferases', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Leaves', 'Sequence Homology', 'Spores, Fungal', 'Trehalose', 'Triticum', 'Virulence']
| 19,233,304
|
[['B01.300.107'], ['G02.111.098', 'G03.493.100'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.460'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G15.610'], ['A18.024.812'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810'], ['A11.870.710', 'A19.374.500', 'B05.775.710'], ['D09.698.365.900', 'D09.698.629.305.880', 'D09.947.750.880'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Akt, a target of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, inhibits apoptosis in a differentiating neuronal cell line.
|
Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase has been suggested to mediate cell survival. Consistent with this possibility, apoptosis of conditionally (simian virus 40 Tts) immortalized rat hippocampal H19-7 neuronal cells was increased in response to wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI 3-kinase. Downstream effectors of PI 3-kinase include Rac1, protein kinase C, and the serine-threonine kinase Akt (protein kinase B). Here, we show that activation of Akt is one mechanism by which PI 3-kinase can mediate survival of H19-7 cells during serum deprivation or differentiation. While ectopic expression of wild-type Akt (c-Akt) does not significantly enhance survival in H19-7 cells, expression of activated forms of Akt (v-Akt or myristoylated Akt) results in enhanced survival which can be comparable to that conferred by Bcl-2. Conversely, expression of a dominant-negative mutant of Akt accelerates cell death upon serum deprivation or differentiation. Finally, the results indicate that Akt can transduce a survival signal for differentiating neuronal cells through a mechanism that is independent of induction of Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL or inhibition of Jun kinase activity.
|
['Androstadienes', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Culture Media, Serum-Free', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Mutation', 'Neurons', 'Oncogene Protein v-akt', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Rats', 'Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic', 'Wortmannin', 'bcl-X Protein']
| 9,528,786
|
[['D04.210.500.054.079.129'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D27.720.470.305.255', 'E07.206.255'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.586', 'D12.776.624.664.520.750.788'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.736'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.520.750', 'D12.776.964.700.750', 'D12.776.964.775.750'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.129.891'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.937', 'D12.776.476.075.718.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Contamination of propofol infusions in the intensive care unit: incidence and clinical significance.
|
Epidemics of bacteraemia and wound infection have been associated with the infusion of bacterially contaminated propofol administered during anaesthesia. We conducted an observational study to determine the incidence and clinical significance of administration of potentially contaminated propofol to patients in an ICU setting. One hundred patients received a total of 302 infusions of propofol. Eighteen episodes of possible contamination of propofol syringes were identified, but in all cases contamination was by a low-grade virulence pathogen. There were no episodes of clinical infection or colonization which could be attributed to the administration of contaminated propofol. During the routine use of propofol to provide sedation in ICU patients the risk of nosocomial infection secondary to contamination of propofol is extremely low.
|
['APACHE', 'Anesthetics, Intravenous', 'Drug Contamination', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Observation', 'Propofol', 'Prospective Studies', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Syringes', 'Western Australia']
| 9,564,394
|
[['E05.318.308.980.438.475.365', 'E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.250', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.250', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.250'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.075', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.075'], ['N06.850.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.249'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.773'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['E07.877'], ['Z01.639.100.996', 'Z01.678.100.373.996']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine on repeated acquisition with timeout from avoidance.
|
The acute effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine on a repeated acquisition baseline with timeout from avoidance were investigated in two rats. Each session the animals acquired one of two different three-member response sequences. Each sequence member was associated with a different response lever. The first two correct responses of each sequence postponed shock for a fixed period of time. The third correct response initiated a signalled timeout (30 sec) from avoidance. Incorrect responses did not postpone shock. The baseline performance was characterized by a decrease in errors within each session, similar to patterns of repeated acquisition maintained by food. In comparison to control sessions, both d-amphetamine and cocaine increased errors and altered the pattern of within-session acquisition. d-Amphetamine increased the rate of sequence completion and the rate of shock delivery in both animals. Cocaine increased the rate of sequence completion in one animal and increased the rate of shock delivery for the other.
|
['Animals', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Cocaine', 'Dextroamphetamine', 'Electroshock', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 733,855
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.110.200'], ['E05.723.402.403', 'F04.669.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spinal pain due to metastasis of unknown origin.
|
A 58-year-old woman presented with non-radicular pain in the upper thorax. Due to the prolonged duration of symptoms, a bone scintigraphy was made, which showed pathological enhancement in the upper thoracic spine. An MRI demonstrated lesions of the third and fourth thoracic vertebrae. A biopsy showed a metastasis of poorly differentiated carcinoma. A whole-body 18-F-FDG PET scan failed to identify a primary tumour. The patient was given radiotherapy, chemotherapy and analgesic treatment. She died within 3 years. In the late stage, the tumour marker CA 19-9 was positive; however, an MRI of the abdomen failed to identify a pancreatic tumour. Metastasis from an unknown primary site can present as cervical spinal disease very similar to degenerative disease.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Disease Progression', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Low Back Pain', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Unknown Primary', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Risk Assessment', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Spinal Neoplasms', 'Thoracic Vertebrae']
| 15,688,189
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['E02.186'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650.895', 'C23.550.727.650.895'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C04.588.149.828', 'C05.116.231.828', 'C05.116.900.801'], ['A02.835.232.834.892']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Blood-injury phobia with and without a history of fainting: disgust sensitivity does not explain the fainting response.
|
OBJECTIVE: Individuals diagnosed with blood-injury phobia respond to venipuncture with strong psychophysiological responses. We investigated whether disgust sensitivity contributes to the fainting response and is associated with parasympathetic activation, as suggested by previous research.METHODS: Twenty individuals diagnosed with blood-injury phobia (9 with a history of fainting to the sight of blood, 11 without such a fainting history) and 20 healthy controls were compared. Psychophysiological responses and self-report measures of anxiety, disgust, and embarrassment were monitored during rest, a paced breathing task, and venipuncture. In addition, trait disgust sensitivity and blood-injury fears were assessed.RESULTS: Blood-injury phobics reported enhanced anxiety, disgust, and embarrassment during venipuncture. They also experienced heightened arousal, as indicated by heart rate, respiration rate, and minute ventilation. Blood-injury phobics without a fainting history tended toward higher anxiety and disgust scores. There was no evidence for increased parasympathetic activation in either blood-injury phobic subgroup or of an association of disgust and parasympathetic activation.CONCLUSION: The tendency to faint when exposed to blood-injury stimuli may suffice as a conditioning event leading into phobia, without specific involvement of disgust sensitivity and parasympathetic activation.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Blood', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parasympathetic Nervous System', 'Phlebotomy', 'Phobic Disorders', 'Syncope', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 16,554,401
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['A12.207.152', 'A15.145'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.050.600'], ['E01.370.225.998.110.625', 'E02.800.558', 'E04.665.150.625', 'E05.200.998.110.625'], ['F03.080.725'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.600', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.600'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Four chamber right ventricular longitudinal strain versus right free wall longitudinal strain. Prognostic value in patients with left heart disease.
|
BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on which right ventricle (RV) strain parameter should be used in the clinical practice: four chamber RV longitudinal strain (4CH RV-LS) or free wall longitudinal strain (FWLS). The aim of this study was to analyze which RV strain parameter better predicts prognosis in patients with left heart disease.METHODS: One hundred and three outpatients with several degrees of functional tricuspid regurgitation severity secondary to left heart disease were prospectively included. 4CH RV-LS and FWLS were assessed using speckle tracking. Left ventricular (LV) systolic function was determined using LV ejection fraction and RV systolic function using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Patients were followed up for 23.1 ± 12.4 months for an endpoint of cardiac hospitalization due to heart failure.RESULTS: The cutoff value related to RV dysfunction (TAPSE < 17 mm) was lower, in absolute value, for 4CH RV-LS (4CH RV-LS = -17.3%; FWLS = -19.5%). There were 33 adverse events during the follow-up. Patients with 4CH RV-LS > -17.3% (log rank [LR] = 22.033; p < 0.001); FWLS > -19.5% (LR = 12.2; p < 0.001), TAPSE < 17 mm (LR = 17.4; p < 0.001) and LV systolic dysfunction (LR = 13.3; p < 0.001) had lower event-free survival (Kaplan Meier). In Cox multivariate analysis, 4CH RV-LS > -17.3% (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.593; p < 0.002), TAPSE < 17 (HR = 2.093; p < 0.055) and LV systolic dysfunction (HR = 2.087; p < 0,054) had prognostic value, whereas FWLS did not reach significance.CONCLUSIONS: Although both 4CH RV-LS and FWLS have prognostic value, 4CH RV-LS is a better predictor of episodes of heart failure in patients with left heart disease, providing additional information to that obtained by TAPSE.
|
['Aged', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left', 'Ventricular Function, Right']
| 26,711,464
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['C14.280.945.900'], ['G09.330.955.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Adaptive adhesion by a beetle: manipulation of liquid bridges and their breaking limits.
|
A drop brought into contact with a nearby substrate can wet and spread against the substrate, forming a liquid bridge that exerts a capillary force. This force due to surface tension can be used to "grab" the substrate, pulling it toward the drop. "Wet" adhesion results from the parallel action of an array of small liquid bridges. The Florida palm beetle, Hemisphaerota cyanea, uses wet adhesion to defend itself against attacking predators by adhering to the palm leaf using an array of about 120,000 ìm-sized liquid bridges. The beetle's survival depends on the strength of adhesion which, in turn, depends on how liquid bridges break. Individual bridges break when they go unstable, according to their response curves. However, the ultimate strength of an individual bridge depends on the class of disturbances to which it is subjected, and it has been speculated that the beetle may have some control over this class. The authors experimentally study families of liquid bridge equilibria for their breaking limits when subjected to constant-length (L) and constant-force (F) disturbances. While to control constant-L disturbances is straightforward, to apply and control constant-F disturbances on a liquid bridge requires more ingenuity. The authors introduce an apparatus with a lever-arm and a ball-bearing slide. The authors then compare our experimentally measured bridge response curves to the force trace from experiments on the beetle (prior literature) to infer the mode of beetle detachment. Under normal loads, the beetle detaches as a constant-L instability for smaller loads and as a constant-F instability for larger loads. The beetle's ability to adjust the type and magnitude of loading in real time is not only crucial to its survival but has implications for the design of various engineering devices.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Animals', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Coleoptera', 'Plant Leaves', 'Water']
| 24,739,008
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G02'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Induced niche shift as an anti-predator response for an endoparasitoid.
|
When two developmental stages do not share the same ecological niche, the control of the niche shift through a change in developmental timing, referred to as 'heterokairy', can provide an adaptive advantage for the individual (e.g. if mortality risk is higher in the first niche). For endoparasitic species that develop inside another (host) species, mortality of the host may directly induce mortality risk for the parasite. Thus, endoparasitoid larvae should be selected for response to host predation. In this study, aphids previously parasitized by the endoparasitoid Endaphis fugitiva, Gagn? and Muratori (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), were experimentally exposed to increased mortality risks. Both simulated attack and actual predator attacks against aphid hosts induced early emergence of the parasitoid larvae. Parasitoid emergence from the aphids occurred several minutes before the predator finished feeding on the aphid, allowing enough time for the parasitoid larvae to avoid direct predation. Predator-induced emergence produced significantly smaller parasitoid larvae than controls, but, interestingly, no effect on Endaphis adult size was found. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of induced emergence in an insect parasitoid, but we suggest that this mechanism might be at work in many other species where plasticity in development time allows the individual to perform an adaptive niche shift.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Animals', 'Aphids', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Diptera', 'Ecosystem', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Insecta', 'Larva', 'Predatory Behavior']
| 20,071,387
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412.165'], ['F01.145.113'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bilingual young people's experiences of interpreting in primary care: a qualitative study.
|
BACKGROUND: Young people are often used as interpreters for family members in the primary healthcare setting.AIM: To explore bilingual young people's accounts of interpreting for family or friends in primary care settings.DESIGN OF STUDY: Qualitative study using in-depth interviews.SETTING: Community and youth groups in London.METHODS: Young people aged nine to 18 years old (n = 77) were purposively sampled to include those from established and recently arrived groups and were from Vietnamese, Kurdish, Bangladeshi or Eastern European backgrounds. Participants were interviewed one-to-one or with a friend, and interview transcripts were analysed to identify key themes.RESULTS: Young people were used for interpreting because of deficiencies in services, and also by choice. They identified advantages and disadvantages in their experiences. The majority of healthcare encounters were regarded as unproblematic. Three factors contributed to less successful encounters: healthcare professionals' or patients' communication skills; young people's own language skills, and the nature of the healthcare problem.CONCLUSION: This study identifies ways in which primary care professionals could facilitate better communication in encounters where young people are used as interpreters.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Communication Barriers', 'Culture', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Multilingualism', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Professional-Family Relations']
| 14,694,665
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['L01.143.230'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.559.423.452'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['F01.829.401.550']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pseudo-renal failure: bladder rupture with urinary ascites.
|
We report a case of pseudo-renal failure caused by urinary ascites due to spontaneous bladder rupture following transurethral resection of a bladder tumour (TUR-BT). A 63-year-old man presented with 2 months of abdominal distension due to ascites. Laboratory findings showed elevated serum creatinine and hyperkalaemia. Peritoneal fluid urea, creatinine and potassium levels were greater than those in serum levels. CT scan showed partial wall thinning in the bladder wall, and cystography indicated fragility in the dome where the latest TUR-BT was performed. Pseudo-renal failure (laboratory abnormalities of acute kidney injury in the setting of normal kidney function) from urinary ascites and reverse intraperitoneal dialysis was diagnosed. Symptoms and laboratory abnormalities improved promptly with insertion of a urinary catheter. This report aims to increase recognition of urinary ascites when a patient with genitourinary surgical procedures or radiation therapy, or blunt abdominal trauma, presents with ascites and elevated creatinine simultaneously.
|
['Abdomen', 'Acute Kidney Injury', 'Ascites', 'Catheterization', 'Creatinine', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Renal Insufficiency', 'Rupture', 'Rupture, Spontaneous', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms', 'Urinary Catheters']
| 26,590,189
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['C23.550.081'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['C12.777.419.780', 'C13.351.968.419.780'], ['C26.761'], ['C23.300.909'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707'], ['E07.132.625']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Videofluoroscopy in the examination of swallowing disorders. A useful method for evaluation of rehabilitation].
|
This article presents a protocol for videofluoroscopy based upon the literature and on four years of practical experience in a rehabilitation hospital from evaluation and treatment of dysphagia in patients with cerebral vascular and/or traumatic head injury. The protocol includes a description of clinical evaluation, necessary equipment and personnel. It also describes the types of food and liquids used, the positioning of the patient, the compensatory and therapeutic techniques which may be tested during the study, and the evaluation and reporting of results. During rehabilitation, patients with swallowing disorders can receive specific and practical advice on food intake, based on the results of videofluoroscopy.
|
['Brain Injuries', 'Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Deglutition Disorders', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Fluoroscopy', 'Humans', 'Video Recording']
| 7,754,494
|
[['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['C06.405.117.119', 'C09.775.174'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Tibialis anterior muscle hernia: a rationale for treatment.
|
Tibialis anterior muscle hernia is an orthopedic problem that should be dealt with carefully since the potential complications of treatment are serious. The literature is reviewed to provide a better understanding of the natural history, incidence, classification and treatment of muscle hernias. Guidelines are proposed for a rational treatment plan for tibialis anterior muscle hernias. Asymptomatic hernias need no treatment. Longitudinal fasciotomies are recommended as the treatment of choice in symptomatic tibialis anterior muscle hernias that are refractory to conservative treatment.
|
['Hernia', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Muscular Diseases']
| 3,828,914
|
[['C23.300.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of an elastic intramedullary nail in difficult humeral fractures.
|
Debate continues over implant selection when surgical intervention is deemed necessary in the management of diaphyseal fractures of the humerus. We present a series of patients in which we used an elastic intramedullary nail to manage a variety of difficult humeral fractures and discuss the theoretical advantages which we feel this method offers.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Nails', 'Elasticity', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary', 'Fracture Healing', 'Humans', 'Humeral Fractures', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography']
| 10,211,197
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E07.695.370.249', 'E07.858.442.660.460.249', 'E07.858.690.725.460.249'], ['G01.374.590'], ['E04.555.300.300.300'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.088.390', 'C26.404.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Expression of biologically active recombinant arresten in Nicotiana tabacum].
|
In this report, the biological activity of the recombinant Arresten expressed in Nicotiana tabacum was studied. The gene coding for the tumor angiogenesis inhibitor Arresten was PCR-amplified from the plasmid pCA and its plant expression vector named pCAMBIAarr was constructed by inserting the Arresten cDNA fragment into the NcoI/BstEII sites of the plant binary expression vector pCAMBIA1301. Then pCAMBIAarr was transferred into Agrobacterium tumefacien LBA4404 by the freeze-thaw method. The adventitious shoots and regenerated plants of Nicotiana tabacum with hygromycinB-resistance were obtained via Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disk transformation method. Southern hybridization, RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the Arresten cDNA was integrated into the genome of some of the regenerated plants and the recombinant Arresten was expressed with a molecular size of 26 kD. Recombinant Arresten purified from transgenic tobacco leaves had an anti-proliferative effect on bovine endothelial cells. We speculate that biologically active recombinant Arresten can be produced by using plants as bioreactors.
|
['Agrobacterium tumefaciens', 'Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Collagen Type IV', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Tobacco', 'Transformation, Genetic']
| 19,160,831
|
[['B03.440.400.425.700.024.050', 'B03.660.050.662.024.500'], ['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['D12.776.860.300.250.400.100'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['G05.728.865']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Decrease in tumorigenic activity of murine hepatoma cells after treatment with antioxidants and melatonin].
|
We studied the effect of antioxidants such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 10 mM) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA, 1.25 mM) and of the hormone melatonin (1 microM) on the ability of murine hepatoma cells MH22a to develop tumors in syngenic mice (C3HA) after subsutaneous injection. Tumor formation and development slowed down and mouse mortality decreased when the injected cells were pretreated by NAC, ALA or melatonin during 20 h. Melatonin had the most marked effect. Tumors appeared in 100 % cases after 10 days in control mice when untreated cells had been injected; injection of cells pretreated by NAC or ALA resulted in tumor formation only in 40 and 53 % of mice, respectively. When cells were pretreated with melatonin the tumors appeared only in 18-20 days after injection. Until the end of the observation (36 days) 67 % of control mice died, but when the cells were pretreated by NAC or ALA mouse death-rate was 20 and 53 %, respectively. In the case of melatonin we did not observed any dead mice at all. We showed that treatment by antioxidants delayed (NAC) or completely inhibited (ALA) cell cycle of hepatoma cells. Cell cycle was restored after removal of the antioxidants. Melatonin did not change cell cycle phase distribution. We conclude that there is no direct correlation between loss of tumorigenic properties and changing of proliferative activity of hepatoma cells. Different mechanisms of antioxidants and melatonin action resulting in transient tumor phenotype normalization are discussed.
|
['Acetylcysteine', 'Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Cycle', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Melatonin', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Thioctic Acid', 'Transplantation, Isogeneic', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 21,786,683
|
[['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G04.144'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['D02.241.803', 'D02.886.778.827', 'D08.211.906', 'D10.251.941'], ['E04.936.864.700'], ['A11.251.860'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization and functional analysis of a tandem-repeat galectin-9 in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea.
|
Galectins are a family of endogenous lectins with â-galactosides affinity, playing significant roles in the innate immunity of vertebrates and invertebrates. In this report, a new galectin-9 cDNA was identified and characterized in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea (designated as LcGal-9). The complete cDNA sequence of LcGal-9 was 1795 bp, with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1032 bp encoding 343 amino acids. The putative LcGal-9 protein contained two carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) connected by a linker peptide, with each carrying two conserved â-galactoside binding motifs H-NPR and WG-EE-, and it possessed neither a signal peptide nor a transmembrane domain. LcGal-9 protein shared 43-74% identity with galectin-9 sequences from other species. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that LcGal-9 mRNA was constitutively expressed in all tissues examined, predominately expressed in liver, spleen, gill, kidney, head-kidney and intestine. Western blot analysis showed that LcGal-9 protein was highly expressed in liver, spleen, intestine, kidney, head-kidney, skin, gill, and heart, but not detected in muscle and plasma. LcGal-9 mRNA transcripts were induced by poly I:C in the liver (from 6 h to 48 h), spleen (at 12 h) and head-kidney (at 12 h and 24 h). In contrast, Vibrio parahaemolyticus caused a significant down-regulation in these three tissues, except for in spleen of 48 h and head-kidney of 3 h. Post-infection with Cryptocaryon irritans, the transcripts were dramatically up-regulated in gill, skin, spleen and head-kidney during initial infection period, while significant down-regulation afterward was also observed both in spleen and head-kidney. The recombinant LcGal-9 (named as rLcGal-9) purified from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) demonstrated hemagglutination against human, rabbit and L. crocea in a Ca(2+)-independent manner, which was inhibited by á-Lactose and LPS. The results of bacterial agglutination assays showed that rLcGal-9 was able to agglutinate Gram-negative bacteria V. alginolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila in a Ca(2+)-independent manner. By immunohistochemistry assay, significant increases of LcGal-9 protein appeared in the spleen stimulated with poly I:C (for 12 h) and V. parahaemolyticus (for 48 h) compared with the control. Based on the collective data, LcGal-9 might play an important role in innate immune responses, especially defense against Gram-negative bacteria in L. crocea.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Ciliophora', 'Ciliophora Infections', 'Fish Proteins', 'Galectins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Perciformes', 'Poly I-C', 'Vibrio Infections', 'Vibrio parahaemolyticus']
| 26,997,199
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.043.185'], ['C01.610.752.200'], ['D12.776.325'], ['D12.776.503.307'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602'], ['D13.695.578.550.560.600', 'D13.695.578.550.650.600'], ['C01.150.252.400.959'], ['B03.440.450.900.859.550', 'B03.660.250.830.830.590']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Angiographically undetected plaque in the left main coronary artery. Findings of intravascular ultrasound imaging.
|
The absence of angiographic findings despite significant coronary artery disease has been previously described. Possible explanations for the limitation of plaque detection by angiography include compensatory vessel enlargement in face of intracoronary plaque formation, the lack of reference segments in diffuse atherosclerosis as well as technical limitations. Intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) imaging provides the possibility of direct plaque visualization. We studied angiographically normal left main coronary arteries (LMCA) in 72 patients prior to diagnostic angiography or therapeutic interventions using ICUS (30 MHz). ICUS images were continuously recorded and recalled from memory for morphometric analysis. Lumen area, plaque area and the total vessel area were determined by computer software. ICUS imaging revealed atherosclerotic plaque in 55 of the 72 patients with angiographically normal LMCA (76%). The average plaque area stenosis was 22 +/- 12% (range 3-44%). Total vessel area showed a significant direct correlation with plaque area, indicating compensation of coronary plaque formation. The average percent change in plaque area (difference between maximal and minimal plaque area within the LMCA) was 11 +/- 19%, indicating a diffuse pattern. Measurement of change in lumen area (difference between maximal and minimal lumen area within the LMCA) revealed an average value of 6 +/- 7%. Lumen area of the LMCA was 15.9 +/- 3.2 mm2 in patients with and 17.2 +/- 1.9 mm2 without atherosclerotic plaque (n.s.). Thus, the lack of angiographic changes despite advanced plaque formation in the LMCA could be explained by compensatory vessel enlargement and by diffuse distribution of plaque in the vessel; true lumen narrowings overlooked by angiography seem not to account for the failure of angiography to detect plaque.
|
['Aged', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']
| 9,306,143
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of gantry spacing resolution on plan quality in a single modulated arc optimization.
|
Volumetric-modulated arc technique (VMAT) is an efficient form of IMRT delivery. It is advantageous over conventional IMRT in terms of treatment delivery time. This study investigates the relation between the number of segments and plan quality in VMAT optimization for a single modulated arc. Five prostate, five lung, and five head-and-neck (HN) patient plans were studied retrospectively. For each case, four VMAT plans were generated. The plans differed only in the number of control points used in the optimization process. The control points were spaced 2°, 3°, 4°, and 6° apart, respectively. All of the optimization parameters were the same among the four schemes. The 2° spacing plan was used as a reference to which the other three plans were compared. The plan quality was assessed by comparison of dose indices (DIs) and generalized equivalent uniform doses (gEUDs) for targets and critical structures. All optimization schemes generated clinically acceptable plans. The differences between the majority of reference and compared DIs and gEUDs were within 3%. DIs and gEUDs which differed in excess of 3% corresponded to dose levels well below the organ tolerances. The DI and the gEUD differences increased with an increase in plan complexity from prostates to HNs. Optimization with gantry spacing resolution of 4° seems to be a very balanced alternative between plan quality and plan complexity.
|
['Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 22,089,019
|
[['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.635.700.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A downshift in temperature activates the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway, which determines freeze tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
The molecular mechanisms that enable yeast cells to detect and transmit cold signals and their physiological significance in the adaptive response to low temperatures are unknown. Here, we have demonstrated that the MAPK Hog1p is specifically activated in response to cold. Phosphorylation of Hog1p was dependent on Pbs2p, the MAPK kinase (MAPKK) of the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway, and Ssk1p, the response regulator of the two-component system Sln1p-Ypd1p. However, Sho1p was not required. Interestingly, phosphorylation of Hog1p was stimulated at 30 degrees C in cells exposed to the membrane rigidifier agent dimethyl sulfoxide. Moreover, Hog1p activation occurred specifically through the Sln1 branch. This suggests that Sln1p monitors changes in membrane fluidity caused by cold. Quite remarkably, activation of Hog1p at low temperatures affected the transcriptional response to cold shock. Indeed, the absence of Hog1p impaired the cold-instigated expression of genes for trehalose- and glycerol-synthesizing enzymes and small chaperones. Moreover, a downward transfer to 12 or 4 degrees C stimulated the overproduction of glycerol in a Hog1p-dependent manner. However, hog1Delta mutant cells showed no growth defects at 12 degrees C as compared with the wild type. On the contrary, deletion of HOG1 or GPD1 decreased tolerance to freezing of wild-type cells preincubated at a low temperature, whereas no differences could be detected in cells shifted directly from 30 to -20 degrees C. Thus, exposure to low temperatures triggered a Hog1p-dependent accumulation of glycerol, which is essential for freeze protection.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Blotting, Western', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Dimethyl Sulfoxide', 'Freezing', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Glycerol', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Phosphorylation', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Kinases', 'RNA', 'RNA, Fungal', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Species Specificity', 'Temperature', 'Thermosensing']
| 16,371,351
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D02.886.640.150'], ['G01.645.500', 'G01.906.595.272.437', 'G02.734.466'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200', 'D12.644.360.440', 'D12.776.476.440'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['G02.640'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D13.444.735.500'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G16.824'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['F02.830.816.781', 'G07.850', 'G11.561.790.781']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A stochastic evaluation of the decision to specialize in orthodontics.
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to identify under different scenarios, and from a financial point of view, the conditions required to successfully switch from the general dentistry practice to orthodontics.STUDY DESIGN: A mail survey was used to collect the data from the practicing orthodontists. They estimated the income, at certain points, in the working life of an orthodontist. The general practitioner data were taken from the American Dental Association figures. Subsequently, a stochastic model was constructed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Those who decide to buy an existing practice expect higher profits in the near future, and therefore the required minimum number of remaining years of practice is lower than for those deciding to start a new practice. For both scenarios, the 3-year residency will delay the profits compared with a 2-year residency. Thus, an increased number of remaining years of practice is required. There must be more than 10 working years left in the practitioner's life to make the switch profitable.
|
['Decision Making', 'Financial Management', 'General Practice, Dental', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Internship and Residency', 'Models, Statistical', 'Orthodontics', 'Practice Management, Dental', 'Stochastic Processes', 'Time Factors']
| 12,627,793
|
[['F02.463.785.373'], ['N03.219.463'], ['H02.163.342'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E06.658', 'H02.163.876.439'], ['N04.452.758.708.300'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
PMLRARá binds to Fas and suppresses Fas-mediated apoptosis through recruiting c-FLIP in vivo.
|
Defective Fas signaling leads to resistance to various anticancer therapies. Presence of potential inhibitors of Fas which could block Fas signaling can explain cancer cells resistance to apoptosis. We identified promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) as a Fas-interacting protein using mass spectrometry analysis. The function of PML is blocked by its dominant-negative form PML-retinoic acid receptor á (PMLRARá). We found PMLRARá interaction with Fas in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)-derived cells and APL primary cells, and PML-Fas complexes in normal tissues. Binding of PMLRARá to Fas was mapped to the B-box domain of PML moiety and death domain of Fas. PMLRARá blockage of Fas apoptosis was demonstrated in U937/PR9 cells, human APL cells and transgenic mouse APL cells, in which PMLRARá recruited c-FLIP(L/S) and excluded procaspase 8 from Fas death signaling complex. PMLRARá expression in mice protected the mice against a lethal dose of agonistic anti-Fas antibody (P < .001) and the protected tissues contained Fas-PMLRARá-cFLIP complexes. Taken together, PMLRARá binds to Fas and blocks Fas-mediated apoptosis in APL by forming an apoptotic inhibitory complex with c-FLIP. The presence of PML-Fas complexes across different tissues implicates that PML functions in apoptosis regulation and tumor suppression are mediated by direct interaction with Fas.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Models, Biological', 'Oncogene Proteins, Fusion', 'Protein Binding', 'U937 Cells', 'fas Receptor']
| 21,803,845
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.024.285.024', 'D12.644.360.024.500.024', 'D12.644.360.075.421.024', 'D12.776.157.057.018.024', 'D12.776.476.075.421.024'], ['A11.251'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D12.776.602.500.500', 'D12.776.624.664.500'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['A11.251.210.190.880', 'A11.251.860.180.880', 'A11.627.482.665.500', 'A11.627.624.249.500', 'A11.627.635.675.750.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.195']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optical Coherence Tomography Macular Findings after Successful Scleral Buckling in Eyes with Compromised Visual Status.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular findings after successful scleral buckling in eyes with compromised visual status.STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Khyber Institute of Ophthalmic Medical Sciences, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, from February 2015 to November 2016.METHODOLOGY: Patients with postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) less than 6/6, successful scleral buckling, and flat macula clinically, aged 18-70 years, were included. OCT scan (OCT-Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, GmbH 69121) of central 30 degrees around fovea was performed three months postoperatively. Foveal detachment, epimacular membrane (EMM) and cystoid macular edema (CME), were studied on OCT after successful buckling surgery in eyes with compromised visual status.RESULTS: A total of 164 eyes of 164 patients (92 males 72 females) were assessed with OCT. Foveal detachment (FD) was present in 54 cases (32.9%), cystoid macular edema (CME) in 30 (18.3%), and epimacular membrane (EMM) in 11 cases (6.7%); while no abnormality was detected in 69 (42.1%) cases on OCT.CONCLUSION: OCT is very helpful in identifying the cause of limited visual recovery after successful retinal detachment (RD) surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Fovea Centralis', 'Humans', 'Macular Edema', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pakistan', 'Postoperative Period', 'Retinal Detachment', 'Scleral Buckling', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 29,615,171
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A09.371.729.522.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.768.585.439.245'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.245.723'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['C11.768.648'], ['E04.540.890'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 based on a series of 1000 patients treated in Spanish emergency departments.
|
OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treated in hospital emergency departments (EDs) in Spain, and to assess associations between characteristics and outcomes.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, multicenter, nested-cohort study. Sixty-one EDs included a random sample of all patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 1 and April 30, 2020. Demographic and baseline health information, including concomitant conditions; clinical characteristics related to the ED visit and complementary test results; and treatments were recorded throughout the episode in the ED. We calculated crude and adjusted odds ratios for risk of in-hospital death and a composite outcome consisting of the following events: intensive care unit admission, orotracheal intubation or mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death. The logistic regression models were constructed with 3 groups of independent variables: the demographic and baseline health characteristics, clinical characteristics and complementary test results related to the ED episode, and treatments.RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of patients was 62 (18) years. Most had high- or low-grade fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and diarrhea. The most common concomitant conditions were cardiovascular diseases, followed by respiratory diseases and cancer. Baseline patient characteristics that showed a direct and independent association with worse outcome (death and the composite outcome) were age and obesity. Clinical variables directly associated with worse outcomes were impaired consciousness and pulmonary crackles; headache was inversely associated with worse outcomes. Complementary test findings that were directly associated with outcomes were bilateral lung infiltrates, lymphopenia, a high platelet count, a D-dimer concentration over 500 mg/dL, and a lactate-dehydrogenase concentration over 250 IU/L in blood.CONCLUSION: This profile of the clinical characteristics and comorbidity of patients with COVID-19 treated in EDs helps us predict outcomes and identify cases at risk of exacerbation. The information can facilitate preventive measures and improve outcomes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Betacoronavirus', 'COVID-19', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Comorbidity', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Obesity', 'Odds Ratio', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Respiration Disorders', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'SARS-CoV-2', 'Sex Distribution', 'Spain', 'Symptom Assessment', 'Young Adult']
| 32,692,000
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['C14'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C08.618'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.968'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['E01.370.872'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Complicated unsafe abortion in a Nigerian teaching hospital: pattern of morbidity and mortality.
|
Addressing unsafe abortion in developing countries may propel a rapid decline in overall maternal death. A retrospective review of patients with complicated unsafe abortion was conducted in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital. In order to provide evidence that may inform policy changes, we describe patients' clinical profiles, abortion providers, and morbidity and mortality patterns. Of 3122 gynaecological admissions, 231 (7.4%) had unsafe abortion-related complications. The majority (53.2%) of admissions were between 16 and 25 years. Single women constituted 51% while 57% were nulliparous. Common presentations were abdominal pain (62%), fever (54%) and vaginal bleeding (53%). The most frequent complications were anaemia (55%) and retained products of conception (47%). Doctors reportedly performed 42% of abortions. There were 392 maternal mortalities; 39 (9.9%) from unsafe abortions and sepsis was responsible in 31 (80%) patients. Abortion remains a major public health issue. Youths are mostly involved. Doctors were reportedly the highest abortion providers. Mortality is high, occurring mostly from sepsis. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? Doctors are reported as being involved in a high proportion of unsafe abortions in low and middle income countries where abortion remains a significant contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity. What the results of this study add? Our study agrees with existing literature that doctors reportedly performed most of the unsafe abortions. It also found that doctors were reported as abortion providers in the majority (35.9%) of those unsafe abortions that ended in mortality. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? There is a need to conduct studies that will verify the status of abortion providers rather than rely on clients' report; and also inspect facilities to confirm adherence to minimum medical standards. Such research findings will be needed prior to local and possibly national healthcare interventions and policy changes.
|
['Abortion, Induced', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Developing Countries', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Maternal Mortality', 'Nigeria', 'Patient Safety', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 29,577,786
|
[['E04.520.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.500', 'N01.224.935.698.653', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.500', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.500'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['N06.850.135.060.075.399'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Investigation of the probable homo-dimer model of the Xeroderma pigmentosum
|
The Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) protein functions as a primary damage verifier and as a scaffold protein in nucleotide excision repair (NER) in all higher organisms. New evidence of XPA's existence as a dimer and the redefinition of its DNA-binding domain (DBD) raises new questions regarding the stability and functional position of XPA in NER. Here, we have investigated XPA's dimeric status with respect to its previously defined DBD (XPA98-219) as well as with its redefined DBD (XPA98-239). We studied the stability of XPA98-210 and XPA98-239 homo-dimer systems using all-atom molecular dynamics simulation, and we have also characterized the protein-protein interactions (PPI) of these two homo-dimeric forms of XPA. After conducting the root mean square deviation (RMSD) analyses, it was observed that the XPA98-239 homo-dimer has better stability than XPA98-210. It was also found that XPA98-239 has a larger number of hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and hydrophobic interactions than the XPA98-210 homo-dimer. We further found that Lys, Glu, Gln, Asn, and Arg residues shared the major contribution toward the intermolecular interactions in XPA homo-dimers. The binding free energy (BFE) analysis, which used the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann method (MM-PBSA) and the generalized Born and surface area continuum solvation model (GBSA) for both XPA homo-dimers, also substantiated the positive result in favor of the stability of the XPA98-239 homo-dimer. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
|
['Binding Sites', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Xeroderma Pigmentosum', 'Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein']
| 30,205,752
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.694'], ['C04.834.867', 'C16.131.831.936', 'C16.320.850.970', 'C17.800.600.925', 'C17.800.621.936', 'C17.800.804.936', 'C17.800.827.970', 'C18.452.284.975'], ['D12.776.157.687.875', 'D12.776.260.975', 'D12.776.660.720.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Randomized comparison of adjunctive cilostazol versus high maintenance dose clopidogrel in patients with high post-treatment platelet reactivity: results of the ACCEL-RESISTANCE (Adjunctive Cilostazol Versus High Maintenance Dose Clopidogrel in Patients With Clopidogrel Resistance) randomized study.
|
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of adjunctive cilostazol in patients with high post-treatment platelet reactivity (HPPR) undergoing coronary stenting.BACKGROUND: Although addition of cilostazol to dual antiplatelet therapy enhances adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet inhibition, it is unknown whether adjunctive cilostazol can reduce HPPR.METHODS: Sixty patients with HPPR after a 300-mg loading dose of clopidogrel were enrolled. HPPR was defined as maximal platelet aggregation (Agg(max)) >50% with 5 micromol/l ADP. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either adjunctive cilostazol (triple group; n = 30) or high maintenance dose (MD) clopidogrel (high-MD group; n = 30). Platelet function was assessed at baseline and after 30 days with conventional aggregometry and the VerifyNow assay.RESULTS: Baseline platelet function measurements were similar in both groups. After 30 days, significantly fewer patients in the triple versus high-MD group had HPPR (3.3% vs. 26.7%, p = 0.012). Percent inhibitions of 5 micromol/l ADP-induced Agg(max) and late platelet aggregation (Agg(late)) were significantly greater in the triple versus high-MD group (51.1 +/- 22.5% vs. 28.0 +/- 18.5%, p < 0.001, and 70.9 +/- 27.3% vs. 45.3 +/- 23.4%, p < 0.001, respectively). Percent inhibitions of 20 micromol/l ADP-induced Agg(max) and Agg(late) were consistently greater in the triple versus high-MD group. Percent change of P2Y12 reaction units demonstrated a higher antiplatelet effect in the triple versus high-MD group (39.6 +/- 24.1% vs. 23.1 +/- 29.9%, p = 0.022).CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive cilostazol reduces the rate of HPPR and intensifies platelet inhibition as compared with a high-MD clopidogrel of 150 mg/day.
|
['Cilostazol', 'Clopidogrel', 'Coronary Disease', 'Drug Resistance', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Prospective Studies', 'Stents', 'Tetrazoles', 'Ticlopidine']
| 19,324,253
|
[['D03.383.129.617.293', 'D03.633.100.810.069'], ['D02.886.778.823.500.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500.500'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E07.695.750'], ['D03.383.129.617'], ['D02.886.778.823.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The potential of iron chelators of the pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone class as effective antiproliferative agents.
|
Numerous studies have suggested that iron (Fe) chelators such as desferrioxamine (DFO) may be useful antitumor agents (Blatt and Stitely, Cancer Res 47:1749, 1987; Becton and Bryles, Cancer Res 48:7189, 1988). Recent work with several analogues of the lipophilic Fe chelator, pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PIH), indicate that some of these ligands are considerably more efficient than DFO both in terms of their Fe chelation efficacy and at preventing 3H-thymidine incorporation by neuroblastoma (NB) cells (Richardson and Ponka, J Lab Clin Med 124:660, 1994). Considering this fact, the present study was designed to test the antiproliferative effect of a wide range of PIH analogues to identify the most active compounds. A total of 36 ligands have been examined that were synthesized by condensation of three types of aromatic aldehydes (pyridoxal, salicylaldehyde, and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthyladehyde) with a range of acid hydrazides. The effects of these chelators were assessed using the human NB cell line, SK-N-MC. Although PIH was far more effective than DFO at preventing Fe uptake from transferrin, it was less effective than DFO at preventing cellular proliferation (DFO ID50 = 22 mumol/L; PIH ID50 = 75 mumol/L). In contrast, 14 PIH analogues were far more efficient than DFO at preventing proliferation (ID50 = 1 to 7 mumol/L) and may have potential as antitumor agents. The most effective compounds were those hydrazones derived from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde. Most of the PIH analogues were considerably more effective than DFO at both preventing 59Fe uptake from 59Fe-transferrin and in mobilizing 59Fe from prelabeled NB cells. In addition, a linear relationship between Fe chelation efficacy and antiproliferative activity was found only for hydrazones derived from salicylaldehyde. Apart from gallium (Ga) nitrate having an antiproliferative effect by itself, this metal potentiated the antiproliferative effect of PIH but not that of DFO. Spectrophotometric studies showed that PIH could chelate Ga, and it can be suggested that, like the PIH-Fe complex that donates Fe to reticulocytes (Ponka et al, Biochim Biophys Acta 718:151, 1982), the PIH-Ga complex may efficiently bestow Ga to NB cells. The results suggest that analogues of PIH deserve further vigorous investigation because they may be useful therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Cell Division', 'Deferoxamine', 'Gallium', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Iron Chelating Agents', 'Isoniazid', 'Pyridoxal', 'Transferrin', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 7,492,790
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G03.143.310'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D02.092.570.394.265', 'D02.241.511.372.265'], ['D01.268.556.289', 'D01.552.544.289'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D27.505.519.914.500.410', 'D27.720.832.500.410'], ['D02.442.436', 'D03.066.349.410', 'D03.383.725.394.582'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.500'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fecal microbiome from patients with ulcerative colitis is potent to induce inflammatory responses.
|
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic disease affecting the colon. Patients with UC display a number of alterations in immune-related molecules and cells, as well as dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota. It remains unclear whether the alterations in the patients' immune systems are initiating factors of UC or a result from external insults. Also, precisely how these intestinal microorganisms affect UC development is not completely understood. To answer these questions, fecal bacteria were collected from UC patients during the active phase (UC-active), UC patients during the remission phase (UC-remission), and healthy controls. The fecal bacteria were then used to stimulate monocytes from three additional healthy subjects. We found that fecal bacteria from both UC-active and UC-remission patients presented higher capacity than fecal bacteria from healthy controls, resulting higher expression of MHC class I and MHC class II molecules, as well as higher expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86. The production of multiple cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-á, IL-10, and IL-12, were higher following stimulation with fecal bacteria from UC-active and UC-remission patients. Notably, when fecal bacteria were diluted to lower concentration, the bacteria from UC-active patients was clearly more effective at activating monocytes than those from UC-remission patients and controls. Collectively, our results revealed that the fecal bacteria from UC patients could cause stronger inflammatory responses than fecal bacteria from healthy controls.
|
['Adult', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Cytokines', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microbiota', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Young Adult']
| 29,684,823
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
No clinically significant drug interactions between lenalidomide and P‑glycoprotein substrates and inhibitors: results from controlled phase I studies in healthy volunteers.
|
PURPOSE: Lenalidomide, a weak substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in vitro, is an oral anticancer drug eliminated predominantly via renal excretion as unchanged compound. The role of P-gp in lenalidomide disposition and the associated clinical relevance were evaluated.METHODS: Two phase I, crossover studies were conducted in healthy volunteers. In Study 1, subjects received lenalidomide (10 mg ? 7 days) alone or with the P-gp substrate digoxin (0.5 mg on Day 5). In Study 2, subjects received lenalidomide (a single 25 mg dose) alone, the P-gp inhibitor quinidine (300-600 mg twice-daily ? 5 days) plus lenalidomide (on Day 4), the P-gp inhibitor/substrate temsirolimus (a single 25 mg dose) alone, or lenalidomide plus temsirolimus. Pharmacokinetic and safety data were collected for lenalidomide and the co-administrated drugs.RESULTS: There were no significant changes in the maximum concentration (C max) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of lenalidomide when co-administered with quinidine, digoxin, or temsirolimus. Neither the rate nor the capacity of lenalidomide renal excretion was affected by quinidine or temsirolimus, in addition lenalidomide absorption rate and bioavailability remained unchanged. Furthermore, lenalidomide had no significant effect on blood C max and AUC of temsirolimus and its active metabolite sirolimus (also a P-gp inhibitor/substrate). The C max of digoxin was slightly higher (+14 %) when administered with lenalidomide versus placebo. There were no other changes in digoxin pharmacokinetics upon co-administration with lenalidomide. No remarkable safety findings were observed.CONCLUSIONS: There are no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions between lenalidomide and substrates or inhibitors of P-gp.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Lenalidomide', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Thalidomide', 'Young Adult']
| 24,659,021
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.400', 'D03.383.621.808.519', 'D03.633.100.513.750.563'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of different samples of quercetin in solid-state: indication of polymorphism occurrence.
|
The present work was designed to compare four commercial samples of quercetin, three of them presenting pharmaceutical grade (QPGa, QPGb and QPGc) and the other one pro-analysi grade (QPA) by means of different techniques. Physical and chromatographic characterization of these samples shows different properties following its origin, especially a clear evidence of polymorphism occurrence.
|
['Chromatography, Liquid', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Isomerism', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Quercetin', 'Solubility', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 17,020,162
|
[['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.284.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.284.777'], ['G02.805'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transdiaphragmatic extension of hepatic hydatid cyst.
|
Transdiaphragmatic extension of hydatid cyst (HC) or cystic echinococcosis (CE) of the liver is a rare phenomenon. We report a case that presented as a right middle lobe consolidation. The diagnosis of transdiaphragmatic extension of hepatic hydatid cyst was suspected on CT scan of the chest and abdomen, and confirmed operatively. A successful outcome was achieved by a combination of pre- and post-operative albendazole therapy combined with surgery.
|
['Albendazole', 'Anticestodal Agents', 'Echinococcosis, Hepatic', 'Echinococcosis, Pulmonary', 'Hemagglutination Tests', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonectomy', 'Suction', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,206,480
|
[['D02.241.081.251.022', 'D03.633.100.103.070'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075.100.040'], ['C01.610.335.190.396.314', 'C01.610.518.314', 'C06.552.664.272'], ['C01.610.335.190.396.480', 'C01.610.582.314', 'C01.748.450.314', 'C08.381.517.314', 'C08.730.450.314'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.375', 'E05.200.812.735.050.375', 'E05.478.594.760.050.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.620', 'E04.928.600.600'], ['E04.237.890'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
9-Deoxy-delta 9, delta 12-13,14-dihydroprostaglandin D2, a metabolite of prostaglandin D2 formed in human plasma.
|
Incubation of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) with human plasma yielded a product that has been identified as 9-deoxy-9,10-didehydro-12,13-didehydro-13,14-dihydro-PGD2 (9-deoxy-delta 9, delta 12-13,14-dihydro-PGD2). The identification was based on mass spectrometry, UV spectrometry, mobilities and retention time on TLC and HPLC, and NMR. The conversion of PGD2 to this product was dependent on the incubation time and the amount of plasma added to a reaction mixture and was abolished by prior boiling. The conversion rate of PGD2 to this metabolite was 0.03 nmol/min per mg of protein of whole plasma at pH 8.0 at 37 degrees C. Similar conversion was also found by incubating PGD2 with human serum albumin added at the concentration found in plasma. These results suggest that the conversion of PGD2 to this product is catalyzed by the enzymatic action of a plasma protein, probably serum albumin. The biological activities of this compound were examined in several systems. It showed negligible activity in inhibition of human platelet aggregation and relaxation of rabbit stomach strip. On the other hand, it exhibited a three times stronger inhibitory activity (IC50, 1.8 microM) than PGD2 (IC50, 5 microM) on the growth of L-1210 cultured cells.
|
['Blood Proteins', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Prostaglandin D2', 'Prostaglandins D']
| 6,584,883
|
[['D12.776.124'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.200.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.200.200'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Calcium-dependent exocytosis in an in vitro secretory granule plasma membrane preparation from sea urchin eggs and the effects of some inhibitors of cytoskeletal function.
|
Egg cortical granules remain attached to the egg plasma membrane when the egg is ruptured. We present evidence that demonstrates that, when the cytoplasmic face of the egg plasma membrane is exposed to micromolar calcium concentrations, an exocytosis of the cortical granules occurs which corresponds to the cortical granule exocytosis seen when the egg is fertilized. The calcium sensitivity of the preparation is decreased by an increase in magnesium concentration and increased by a decrease in magnesium concentration. Exocytosis is inhibited by trifluoperazine (half inhibition at 6 microM), a drug that inhibits the action of the calcium-dependent regulatory protein calmodulin. Colchicine, vinblastine, nocodazole, cytochalasin B, phalloidin, N-ethylmaleimide-modified myosin subfragment 1, and antibody to actin are without effect on this in vitro exocytosis at concentrations that far exceed those required to disrupt microtubules and microfilaments. Conditions are such that penetration to the exocytotic site is optimal. It is unlikely, therefore, that either actin or tubulin participate intimately in exocytosis. Our data also exclude on quantitative grounds several other mechanisms postulated to account for the fusion of the secretory granule with the plasma membrane.
|
['Actins', 'Animals', 'Calcimycin', 'Calcium', 'Cytoplasmic Granules', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Exocytosis', 'Female', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Myosins', 'Ovum', 'Phenothiazines', 'Sea Urchins']
| 6,136,975
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['G04.468'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['D05.750.078.730.475', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750', 'D12.776.210.500.600', 'D12.776.220.525.475'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['D02.886.369', 'D03.633.300.783'], ['B01.050.500.408.578']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association Between Sulfur-Metabolizing Bacterial Communities in Stool and Risk of Distal Colorectal Cancer in Men.
|
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Sulfur-metabolizing microbes, which convert dietary sources of sulfur into genotoxic hydrogen sulfide (H2S), have been associated with development of colorectal cancer (CRC). We identified a dietary pattern associated with sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in stool and then investigated its association with risk of incident CRC using data from a large prospective study of men.METHODS: We collected data from 51,529 men enrolled in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study since 1986 to determine the association between sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in stool and risk of CRC over 26 years of follow-up. First, in a subcohort of 307 healthy men, we profiled serial stool metagenomes and metatranscriptomes and assessed diet using semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires to identify food groups associated with 43 bacterial species involved in sulfur metabolism. We used these data to develop a sulfur microbial dietary score. We then used Cox proportional hazards modeling to evaluate adherence to this pattern among eligible individuals (n = 48,246) from 1986 through 2012 with risk for incident CRC.RESULTS: Foods associated with higher sulfur microbial diet scores included increased consumption of processed meats and low-calorie drinks and lower consumption of vegetables and legumes. Increased sulfur microbial diet scores were associated with risk of distal colon and rectal cancers, after adjusting for other risk factors (multivariable relative risk, highest vs lowest quartile, 1.43; 95% confidence interval 1.14-1.81; P-trend = .002). In contrast, sulfur microbial diet scores were not associated with risk of proximal colon cancer (multivariable relative risk 0.86; 95% CI 0.65-1.14; P-trend = .31).CONCLUSIONS: In an analysis of participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we found that long-term adherence to a dietary pattern associated with sulfur-metabolizing bacteria in stool was associated with an increased risk of distal CRC. Further studies are needed to determine how sulfur-metabolizing bacteria might contribute to CRC pathogenesis.
|
['Aged', 'Bacteria', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Diet Surveys', 'Feces', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Massachusetts', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sulfur']
| 31,972,239
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B03'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E05.318.308.980.485.350', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469.300', 'N06.850.505.616.300', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469.350'], ['A12.459'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D01.268.185.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Building a framework for implementing new interventions.
|
Implementation into real-world practice of interventions previously studied in randomized controlled trials is an ongoing challenge. In this article, we describe the methodology we used for the first phase of a project for the implementation and outcomes assessment of an occupational therapy pressure ulcer prevention intervention for people with spinal cord injury in the Veterans Health Administration. This first phase of the project was guided by practice-based evidence research methodology and resulted in an intervention manual tailored to meet the needs of Veterans and the establishment of a system for documenting and monitoring care processes, patient characteristics, and intervention outcomes. This system, in turn, will provide the data-gathering template for the next phase in which the beneficial effects of the intervention will be assessed. We conclude by recommending that clinicians explore the utility of this approach for the implementation of other novel interventions.
|
['Humans', 'Occupational Therapy', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Pressure Ulcer', 'Spinal Cord Injuries']
| 25,347,759
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.489', 'E02.831.489', 'H02.010.500'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['C17.800.893.665'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Effect of Cortical Elasticity and Active Tension on Cell Adhesion Mechanics.
|
We consider a cell as an elastic, contractile shell surrounding a liquid incompressible cytoplasm and with nonspecific adhesion. We perform numerical simulations of this model to study the mechanics of cell-cell separation. By variation of parameters, we are able to recover well-known limits of the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theory, the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov model, adhesive vesicles with surface tension (Brochard-Wyart and de Gennes derivation), and thin elastic shells. We further locate biological cells on this parameter space by comparison to existing experiments on S180 cells. Using this model, we show that mechanical parameters can be obtained that are consistent with both dual pipette aspiration and micropipette aspiration, a problem not successfully tackled so far. We estimate a cortex elastic modulus of Ec ? 15 kPa, an effective cortex thickness of tc ? 0.3 ìm, and an active tension of ã ? 0.4 nN/ìm. With these parameters, a Johnson-Kendall-Roberts-like scaling of the separation force is recovered. Finally, the change of contact radius with applied force in a pull-off experiment was investigated. For small forces, a scaling similar to both the Brochard-Wyart and de Gennes derivation and the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov model is found.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Elasticity', 'Mice', 'Models, Biological', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 30,773,295
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G01.374.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of the in vitro expressed autoimmune rippling muscle disease immunogenic domain of human titin encoded by TTN exons 248-249.
|
Autoimmune rippling muscle disease (ARMD) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease associated with myasthenia gravis (MG). Past studies in our laboratory recognized a very high molecular weight skeletal muscle protein antigen identified by ARMD patient antisera as the titin isoform. These past studies used antisera from ARMD and MG patients as probes to screen a human skeletal muscle cDNA library and several pBluescript clones revealed supporting expression of immunoreactive peptides. This study characterizes the products of subcloning the titin immunoreactive domain into pGEX-3X and the subsequent fusion protein. Sequence analysis of the fusion gene indicates the cloned titin domain (GenBank ID: EU428784) is in frame and is derived from a sequence of N2-A spanning the exons 248-250 an area that encodes the fibronectin III domain. PCR and EcoR1 restriction mapping studies have demonstrated that the inserted cDNA is of a size that is predicted by bioinformatics analysis of the subclone. Expression of the fusion protein result in the isolation of a polypeptide of 52 kDa consistent with the predicted inferred amino acid sequence. Immunoblot experiments of the fusion protein, using rippling muscle/myasthenia gravis antisera, demonstrate that only the titin domain is immunoreactive.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Connectin', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Exons', 'Humans', 'Immunodominant Epitopes', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscular Diseases', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary']
| 21,741,357
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['C20.111'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.324', 'D12.776.210.500.246'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.050.550.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biochemical properties of a 24 kilodalton membrane glycoprotein antigen complex from Schistosoma mansoni.
|
Antibodies were affinity purified from crude antiserum by elution from the 24 kDa region of preparative one-dimensional Western blots containing immobilized adult Schistosoma mansoni inner bilayer membrane proteins. They were shown to be specific for a single acidic polypeptide complex, Smgp24, following immunoblotting from two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels. These antibodies were then used to detect the presence of the Smgp24 complex in fractions prepared from lectin affinity chromatography, phase separation in Triton X-114 and chemical and enzymatic carbohydrate modification treatments. The 24 kDa antigen was bound and specifically eluted from both concanavalin A and lentil lectin affinity matrices. In addition, the electrophoretic mobility of the antigen was shifted to approximately 20 kDa after treatment with endoglycosidase F and N-glycanase, but was not appreciably altered following treatment with endoglycosidase H, neuraminidase, or sodium meta-periodate. The 20 kDa species produced by endoglycosidase F or N-glycanase treatment no longer bound to the lectin affinity resins. The Smgp24 complex also partitioned almost quantitatively into the detergent-enriched phase after phase separation in Triton X-114 solutions. These results indicate that the Smgp24 complex is an antigenic integral membrane glycoprotein and may consist of a single polypeptide backbone which is extensively post- or co-translationally modified.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Helminth', 'Blotting, Western', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Lectins', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Schistosoma mansoni']
| 3,185,620
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.223'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D12.776.503'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.770.680.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel method for localizing reporter fluorescent beads near the cell culture surface for traction force microscopy.
|
PA gels have long been used as a platform to study cell traction forces due to ease of fabrication and the ability to tune their elastic properties. When the substrate is coated with an extracellular matrix protein, cells adhere to the gel and apply forces, causing the gel to deform. The deformation depends on the cell traction and the elastic properties of the gel. If the deformation field of the surface is known, surface traction can be calculated using elasticity theory. Gel deformation is commonly measured by embedding fluorescent marker beads uniformly into the gel. The probes displace as the gel deforms. The probes near the surface of the gel are tracked. The displacements reported by these probes are considered as surface displacements. Their depths from the surface are ignored. This assumption introduces error in traction force evaluations. For precise measurement of cell forces, it is critical for the location of the beads to be known. We have developed a technique that utilizes simple chemistry to confine fluorescent marker beads, 0.1 and 1 µm in diameter, in PA gels, within 1.6 ìm of the surface. We coat a coverslip with poly-D-lysine (PDL) and fluorescent beads. PA gel solution is then sandwiched between the coverslip and an adherent surface. The fluorescent beads transfer to the gel solution during curing. After polymerization, the PA gel contains fluorescent beads on a plane close to the gel surface.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Cytological Techniques', 'Fibroblasts', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Gels', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Polylysine']
| 25,286,326
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['E01.370.225.500', 'E05.200.500', 'E05.242'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['D12.125.068.555.750', 'D12.125.095.647.750', 'D12.644.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitation of digoxigenin in serum following oral administration of digoxin in humans.
|
Separation of the acid breakdown products from digoxin in serum was accomplished by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The major, less cardioactive, product digoxigenin was quantitated by several different commercial antisera from digoxin radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits. When two normal subjects were given digoxigenin (0.5 mg) orally appreciable concentrations were detected by digoxin RIA kit. Administration of a digoxin (0.5 mg) solution to the same overnight-fasted recumbent volunteers resulted in digoxigenin detection (HPLC-RIA) in serum only in one subject.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Biotransformation', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Digoxigenin', 'Digoxin', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Time Factors']
| 897,341
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.688.350'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.500.436', 'D04.210.500.155.580.130.688', 'D09.408.180.261.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro culture may be the major contributing factor for transgenic versus nontransgenic proteomic plant differences.
|
Identification of differences between genetically modified plants and their original counterparts plays a central role in risk assessment strategy. Our main goal was to better understand the relevance of transgene presence, genetic, and epigenetic changes induced by transgene insertion, and in vitro culture in putative unintended differences between a transgenic and its comparator. Thus, we have used multiplex fluorescence 2DE coupled with MS to characterize the proteome of three different rice lines (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare): a control conventional line (C), an Agrobacterium-transformed transgenic line (Ta) and a negative segregant (NSb). We observed that Ta and NSb appeared identical (with only one spot differentially abundant--fold difference ? 1.5), contrasting with the control (49 spots with fold difference ? 1.5, in both Ta and NSb vs. control). Given that in vitro culture was the only event in common between Ta and NSb, we hypothesize that in vitro culture stress was the most relevant condition contributing for the observed proteomic differences. MS protein identification support our hypothesis, indicating that Ta and NSb lines adjusted their metabolic pathways and altered the abundance of several stress related proteins in order to cope with in vitro culture.
|
['Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Metabolic Networks and Pathways', 'Oryza', 'Photosynthesis', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Proteomics', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 25,283,639
|
[['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['G05.308.375'], ['E05.196.566'], ['G03.493'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['G02.111.158.937', 'G02.111.669.700', 'G02.740.921', 'G03.191.937', 'G03.493.700', 'G03.800.700', 'G15.568'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Richness of Colchic vegetation: comparison between refugia of south-western and East Asia.
|
BACKGROUND: The Colchis is one of the species-rich refugia and a centre of biological diversity in western Eurasia. We analysed patterns of richness, endemism and invasions in relation to taxonomy (family membership), life form, certain habitats in the Colchis, and compared them to patterns found for Japan.RESULTS: We found that in the Colchis perennials are significantly over-represented in endemic species, and that they typically occur on limestone soils and in alpine tall herbaceous vegetation. The Asteraceae produce significantly large number of both endemic and alien species, whereas the Poaceae are over-represented in alien species but under-represented in endemics. Likewise, the Apiaceae are over-represented in endemics, whereas the Euphorbiaceae are over-represented in alien species. Similar patterns have been found in Yakushima, Japan. The Morisita-Horn index of similarity between these two sites was 0.83 (based on family size). Although the flora of Adjara comprised of fewer families than the flora of Yakushima, the largest families are richer in species in the flora of Adjara than in the flora of Yakushima.CONCLUSIONS: Floristic analysis of refugia of western Eurasia and their comparison with geographically distant areas can provide useful data for plant ecological and evolutionary studies. Potentially, such studies can produce testable hypotheses on plant migrations and on their historical geography. For example, the data presented in this study indicate that more severe conditions in the Pleistocene and geographical isolation of the Colchis may be responsible for the higher relative importance of adaptive radiation in the shaping of its modern flora.
|
['Biodiversity', 'Climate', 'Cycadopsida', 'Environment', 'Geography', 'Geological Phenomena', 'Geology', 'Georgia (Republic)', 'Japan', 'Magnoliopsida', 'Random Allocation', 'Russia', 'Turkey']
| 11,801,200
|
[['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['G16.500.275.071', 'N06.230.300.100.250'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.156'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['H01.277.500'], ['G01.311'], ['H01.277.562'], ['Z01.542.900.420', 'Z01.542.931.420', 'Z01.586.950.420'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Perioperative bridging of anticoagulation: towards a more reserved approach.
|
BACKGROUND: Most invasive procedures require the interruption of oral anticoagulation. In 2015, an international randomised trial demonstrated that perioperative bridging caused more harm than benefit in most anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation, leading to a more restrictive Dutch national guideline in April 2016. The objective of the present study was to analyse the integration of the 2016 Dutch guideline for perioperative antithrombotic management from after publication until update of hospital protocols.METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients on vitamin K antagonists undergoing a surgical procedure between April 2016 and June 2017.RESULTS: The proportion of high-risk patients with venous thromboembolism or atrial fibrillation receiving bridging therapy decreased from 91% and 77%, respectively at the start of the study to 33% in both groups in the last months. In high-risk patients with a mechanical heart valve, the bridging rate remained stable at 70-80% for 12 months and increased to 100% in the last 3 months. Protocol adherence for high-risk patients decreased from 80% to below 43%. The 30-day incidence of major bleeding was 4.1% (15.2% in bridged patients and 0.7% in non-bridged patients) and 10.3% for clinically relevant non-major bleeding (23.9% in bridged patients and 6.0% in non-bridged patients). The incidence of thrombo-embolism was 0.5%.CONCLUSION: New evidence from the Dutch national guideline on perioperative bridging was adopted by physicians before the local hospital protocol was updated. Low incidence of thromboembolism in non-bridged patients and high incidence of bleeding in bridged patients support a more restrictive bridging policy.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anticoagulants', 'Antifibrinolytic Agents', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Female', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Perioperative Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thromboembolism', 'Venous Thromboembolism', 'Vitamin K']
| 31,814,575
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D27.505.519.421.500', 'D27.505.954.502.270.463.091'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E02.760.731', 'E04.604', 'N02.421.585.722'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C14.907.355.590'], ['C14.907.355.590.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721.374', 'D02.455.849.291.523.500', 'D04.615.638.721.374']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Foeniculum vulgare extract and its constituent, trans-anethole, inhibit UV-induced melanogenesis via ORAI1 channel inhibition.
|
BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet radiation exposure is the most important cause of extrinsic skin aging (photoaging), which causes skin wrinkling and hyperpigmentation. Although many factors are involved in the photoaging process, calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (ORAI1) has been reported to be involved in UV-induced melanogenesis.OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to find inhibitory effects of the extract of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) fruits on ORAI1 ion channels and UV-induced melanogenesis in melanoma cells and to identify its active constituents.METHODS: Active compounds were isolated and quantitatively analyzed. An electrophysiological assay was performed by using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Intracellular free calcium concentration was measured by Fura-2. Tyrosinase activity was evaluated by levodopa colorimetry. Effects of the most active compound on cell viability of murine B16F10 melanoma cells and inhibition of melanin content after UVB irradiation were determined.RESULTS: F. vulgare fruits extract and its hexane fraction strongly blocked ORAI1 currents and tyrosinase activity and significantly inhibited UV-induced melanogenesis. Of the 13 compounds isolated from the hexane fraction, trans-anethole (TA) exhibited inhibitory effects on ORAI1 (IC50=8.954±1.36ìM) and increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentrations in response. TA inhibited UV-induced melanogenesis without affecting tyrosinase activity.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the fruits extract of F. vulgare and its active constituent, TA, provide a possible novel approach for treating and preventing UV-induced melanogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Anisoles', 'Calcium', 'Cell Survival', 'Foeniculum', 'Fruit', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Melanocytes', 'Melanoma, Experimental', 'Mice', 'Monophenol Monooxygenase', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'ORAI1 Protein', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Plant Extracts', 'Powders', 'Stromal Interaction Molecule 1', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 27,712,859
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.355.601.200', 'D02.355.726.158', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.158'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.075.333'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['A11.409.750', 'A11.436.613'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.665.510.525', 'C04.619.600', 'E05.598.500.496.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.740.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.740.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.740.500'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D26.255.779'], ['D12.776.157.125.806.500', 'D12.776.543.875.500'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Patient-controlled analgesia at the end of life at a pediatric oncology institution.
|
BACKGROUND: Patient controlled anesthesia (PCA) is increasingly used to manage pain in pediatric cancer patients and is important in the treatment of escalating pain at the end of life. The description of the use of opioid PCA in this population has been limited.PROCEDURE: This retrospective chart review of the last 2 weeks of life addressed the following objectives: (1) to describe the patient population treated with opioid PCA; (2) to describe the morphine-equivalent doses (MED) (mg/kg/day); and (3) to describe the pain scores (PS).RESULTS: Twenty-eight percent of inpatients used opioid PCA for pain control during the last 2 weeks of life. The mean MED (mg/kg/day) (SD) at 2 weeks prior and the day of death were 10.7 (17.9) and 19 (25.8). The mean MED increased over the last 2 weeks of life for all patients and across age groups and cancer diagnoses (all P < 0.05). The mean MED was significantly higher in the younger age group (age <13 vs. age ? 13) on the day of death (P < 0.04). There was a significant change in mean PS over the last 2 weeks of life (P < 0.001), with the highest PS on the day before death. The most frequently used concurrent medications were benzodiazepines (91%).CONCLUSIONS: Children and young adults with cancer experience high opioid requirements and significant dose increases during the last 2 weeks of life. Additionally, PS increase toward the end of life. Opioid rotation and addition of adjuvant medications merit consideration in the context of escalating opioid requirements.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analgesia, Patient-Controlled', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Pain', 'Pain Management', 'Palliative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Terminally Ill', 'Young Adult']
| 25,820,345
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E03.091.120'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C04'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.873'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Surgical management of the hypodynamic palate.
|
The most successful surgical correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) has been achieved in those patients in whom residual dynamic function of the soft palate/nasopharyngeal sphincter mechanism exists. In spite of the obvious need for rehabilitation, surgical reconstruction has often been advised against in those cases where the palate was hypodynamic or adynamic. We have developed a surgical procedure for these patients by utilizing a modification of Hogan's lateral port control pharyngeal flap method. We present the surgical considerations along with the initial application and results in four patients with hypodynamic palates of differing origins. We think that this technique extends surgical correction of VPI to the previously neglected group of patients in whom this condition is the result of a hypodynamic palate.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Palate, Soft', 'Speech Disorders', 'Velopharyngeal Insufficiency']
| 454,288
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lipomatosis of the sciatic nerve secondary to compression by a desmoid tumor.
|
Lipomatosis of nerve is a rare benign tumor-like process characterized by infiltration of the epineurium by adipose and fibrous tissue leading to nerve enlargement. We describe a case of lipomatosis of the sciatic nerve compressed by an adjacent desmoid tumor. This case supports the hypothesis that lipomatosis of nerve may form as a result of irritation or compression by adjacent structures.
|
['Adult', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Female', 'Fibromatosis, Aggressive', 'Humans', 'Lipomatosis', 'Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms', 'Sciatic Neuropathy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,801,100
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.463', 'C18.452.584.718'], ['C04.588.614.596', 'C10.551.775', 'C10.668.829.725'], ['C10.668.829.500.675'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Intravenous amifostine during chemoradiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer: a randomized placebo-controlled phase III study.
|
PURPOSE: Clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy and safety of intravenous (i.v.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) amifostine for reducing xerostomia and mucositis after radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy for head-and-neck cancer. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase III study evaluated the efficacy and safety of i.v. amifostine during radiochemotherapy for head-and-neck cancer.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients from European and American study centers received i.v. amifostine 300 mg/m2 (n = 67) or placebo (n = 65) before carboplatin 70 mg/m2 and radiotherapy on Days 1 to 5 and 21 to 25, and i.v. amifostine 200 mg/m2 or placebo before radiotherapy on other days.RESULTS: Toxicity incidences were (amifostine, placebo, p value): Grade 2 or higher acute xerostomia (39%, 34%, 0.715), Grade 3 or higher acute mucositis (39%, 22%, 0.055), Grade 2 or higher late xerostomia (37%, 24%, 0.235), and Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events (42%, 20%, 0.008). One-year rates of locoregional failure, progression-free survival, and overall survival were not significantly different between treatments.CONCLUSIONS: The used amifostine doses were not able to reduce the toxicity of simultaneous radiochemotherapy for head-and-neck cancer. The safety of amifostine and the lack of tumor protection were consistent with previous studies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amifostine', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carboplatin', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Disease Progression', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiation-Protective Agents', 'Stomatitis', 'Survival Rate', 'Xerostomia']
| 16,243,440
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.705.400.625.050', 'D02.705.539.345.050', 'D02.886.300.692.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D02.257.125'], ['E02.186'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['D27.505.696.706.776', 'D27.720.799.763'], ['C07.465.864'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['C07.465.815.929']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Removal of nitrate and phosphate using chitosan/Al2
|
In the present study the chitosan/Al2O3/Fe3O4 composite nanofibrous adsorbent was prepared by electrospinning process and its application for the removal of nitrate and phosphate were compared with chitosan/Al2O3/Fe3O4 composite bead adsorbent. The influence of Al2O3/Fe3O4 composite content, pH, contact time, nitrate and phosphate initial concentrations and temperature on the nitrate and phosphate sorption using synthesized bead and nanofibrous adsorbents was investigated in a single system. The reusability of chitosan/Al2O3/Fe3O4 composite beads and nanofibers after five sorption-desorption cycles were carried out. The Box-Behnken design was used to investigate the interaction effects of adsorbent dosage, nitrate and phosphate initial concentrations on the nitrate and phosphate removal efficiency. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and known Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were used to describe the kinetic and equilibrium data of nitrate and phosphate sorption using chitosan/Al2O3/Fe3O4 composite beads and nanofibers. The influence of other anions including chloride, fluoride and sulphate on the sorption efficiency of nitrate and phosphate was examined. The obtained results revealed the higher potential of chitosan/Al2O3/Fe3O4 composite nanofibers for nitrate and phosphate compared with chitosan/Al2O3/Fe3O4 composite beads.
|
['Adsorption', 'Aluminum Oxide', 'Chitosan', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Ferrosoferric Oxide', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Microspheres', 'Nanofibers', 'Nitrates', 'Phosphates', 'Temperature']
| 27,612,644
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D01.056.050', 'D01.650.550.050'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['D27.888.284'], ['D01.490.100.375', 'D01.490.200.350', 'D01.578.285'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E07.565'], ['J01.637.512.300'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Aripiprazole salts. II. Aripiprazole perchlorate.
|
The molecular structure of aripiprazole perchlorate (systematic name: 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1-{4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl}piperazin-1-ium perchlorate), C(23)H(28)Cl(2)N(3)O(2)(+)·ClO(4)(-), does not differ substantially from the recently published structure of aripiprazole nitrate [Freire, Polla & Baggio (2012). Acta Cryst. C68, o170-o173]. Both compounds have almost identical bond distances, bond angles and torsion angles. The two different counter-ions occupy equivalent places in the two structures, giving rise to very similar first-order `packing motifs'. However, these elemental arrangements interact with each other in different ways in the two structures, leading to two-dimensional arrays with quite different organizations.
|
['Aripiprazole', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Molecular Structure', 'Perchlorates', 'Piperazines', 'Quinolones', 'Salts']
| 22,669,195
|
[['D03.383.606.170', 'D03.633.100.810.835.122'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.029.260.650', 'D01.210.675'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D03.633.100.810.835'], ['D01.786']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glucose production from cellulose through biological simultaneous enzyme production and saccharification using recombinant bacteria expressing the â-glucosidase gene.
|
Efficient cellulosic biomass saccharification technologies are required to meet biorefinery standards. Biological simultaneous enzyme production and saccharification (BSES), which is glucose production from cellulosic biomass by Clostridium thermocellum, can be a reliable cellulose saccharification technology for biorefineries. However, the current BSES processes require purified â-glucosidase supplementation. In this study, recombinant bacteria expressing the â-glucosidase gene were developed and directly applied to BSES. The engineered Escherichia coli expressing the thermostable â-glucosidase gene from Thermoanaerobacter brockii exhibited 0.5 U/ml of â-glucosidase activities. The signal peptide sequence of lytF gene from Bacillus subtilis was the most appropriate for the â-glucosidase secretion from Brevibacillus choshinensis, and the broth exhibited 0.74 U/ml of â-glucosidase activities. The engineered E. coli and B. choshinensis expressing the thermostable â-glucosidase gene produced 47.4 g/L glucose and 49.4 g/L glucose, respectively. Glucose was produced by the hydrolysis of 100 g/L Avicel cellulose for 10 days through BSES, and the product yield was similar to that obtained through BSES with purified â-glucosidase supplementation. Our findings indicate that the direct supplementation of â-glucosidase using bacterial cells expressing â-glucosidase gene or their broth was applicable to BSES, suggesting the potential of this process as a cost-effective approach to cellulose saccharification.
|
['Bacteria', 'Cellulase', 'Cellulose', 'DNA, Recombinant', 'Gene Expression', 'Glucose', 'Hydrolysis', 'beta-Glucosidase']
| 30,237,013
|
[['B03'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.200.200'], ['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['D13.444.308.460'], ['G05.297'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G02.380'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.200.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Muscle interstitial fibroblasts are the main source of collagen VI synthesis in skeletal muscle: implications for congenital muscular dystrophy types Ullrich and Bethlem.
|
Mutations in the extracellular matrix molecule collagen VI underlie the congenital muscular dystrophy types Ullrich and Bethlem. Establishing the origin of collagen VI in muscle is important for understanding the pathophysiology of these diseases and for developing future treatment approaches involving cell-specific delivery. Because the cells that produce collagen VI cannot be identified by histologic analysis, we examined the production of collagen VI in pure cultures of primary myogenic cells and muscle interstitial fibroblasts from limb muscle of neonatal mice. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis revealed secretion and matrix deposition of collagen VI by interstitial fibroblasts but not by myogenic cells in vitro. Using Northern blot and real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis for the collagen VI genes col6a1, col6a2, col6a3, transcript levels for the 3 mRNAs were high in interstitial fibroblasts, whereas in primary myogenic cells, they were indistinguishable from background. Furthermore, retention of mutant collagen VI in muscle from 3 patients with collagen VI mutation was identified in interstitial fibroblastic cells but not in their myofibers. These results suggest that interstitial fibroblasts but not myogenic cells contribute significantly to the deposition of collagen VI in the extracellular matrix in skeletal muscle and imply major roles of this cell type and the extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Collagen Type VI', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Muscular Dystrophies', 'Mutation', 'Skin']
| 18,219,255
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D12.776.860.300.250.400.200'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C05.651.534.500', 'C10.668.491.175.500', 'C16.320.577'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The NAM9-1 suppressor mutation in a nuclear gene encoding ribosomal mitochondrial protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
The nuclear gene NAM9 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) codes for a protein which, on the basis of sequence homology, was previously postulated to be a mitochondrial (mt) equivalent of the Escherichia coli (Ec) S4 ribosomal protein (r-protein) [Boguta et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (1992) 402-412]. The mt-r character of the NAM9 product is now confirmed by cross-reaction with the antisera for the Sc mt r-proteins. The NAM9-1 mutation, characterized previously as the nuclear suppressor of some ochre mt mit- mutants, is found to be a single nucleotide substitution changing Ser82 to Leu within the part of NAM9 corresponding to the S4 region involved in interaction with the 16S rRNA. This indicates that the mechanism of NAM9-1 suppression could be analogous to the suppression due to ram (ribosomal ambiguity) mutations in the Ec structural gene encoding r-protein S4. The NAM9-1 mutation leads also to defect in respiratory growth in the background of the wild-type mit+ genome.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Compartmentation', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cross Reactions', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Mitochondria', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Ribosomal Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Suppression, Genetic']
| 7,557,422
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G04.128'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G12.122.281'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['D12.776.835'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G05.365.590.835', 'G05.558.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of neurodevelopmental delay in children exposed in utero to hyperemesis gravidarum reveals increased reporting of autism spectrum disorder.
|
The purpose of this study was to follow up on the reporting of neurodevelopmental disorders in children exposed in utero to Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG). This was an exploratory descriptive study whereby neurodevelopmental outcomes of 267 children delivered by 177 mothers with HG were compared to neurodevelopmental outcomes from 93 children delivered by 60 unaffected mothers. Similar to at age 8, the children (now 12) exposed in utero to HG had over 3-fold increase in odds of neurodevelopmental disorders including attention, anxiety, sensory, sleep difficulty, and social development delay/social anxiety. However, with the longer follow-up, there was also a significant increase in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), reported in 22/267 (8%) of children exposed to HG in utero and no unexposed children. As early intervention for ASD can be critical to prognosis, larger studies are urgently needed to determine whether ASD is associated with exposure to HG.
|
['Adult', 'Autism Spectrum Disorder', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperemesis Gravidarum', 'Male', 'Neurodevelopmental Disorders', 'Pregnancy']
| 30,594,672
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.625.164.113'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.407.500', 'C23.888.821.937.049.500'], ['F03.625'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Experimental study of peanut sensitization in guinea pigs].
|
An experimental study of sensitization to peanut has shown that this can be induced in guinea pigs by crushed peanuts ingested daily for three weeks although peanut oil, which is found in some preparations of vitamin D, did not sensitize the guinea pigs, when compared with a control group and a group of guinea pigs that had received only a "flash" dose of 1 ml peanut oil by the oral route.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Arachis', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Immunization', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis', 'Peanut Oil', 'Plant Oils']
| 7,702,730
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.077'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['E01.370.225.812.871.600', 'E05.200.812.871.600', 'E05.478.594.890.600', 'G12.122.754'], ['D10.627.700.809'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Direct O-glycosidation of resin bound thioglycosides.
|
The application of the safety-catch linker concept to solid-phase glycoconjugate synthesis is described. The process allows for direct conjugation of resin bound glycans to complex aglycones during cleavage. Large excesses of either coupling partner are not required, and even very hindered alcohols serve as acceptors in the reaction.
|
['Alcohols', 'Disaccharides', 'Glycosylation', 'Molecular Structure', 'Thioglycosides']
| 22,261,792
|
[['D02.033'], ['D09.698.629.305', 'D09.947.750'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D02.886.740', 'D09.408.903']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prey perception of predation risk: volatile chemical cues mediate non-consumptive effects of a predator on a herbivorous insect.
|
Predators can affect prey in two ways-by reducing their density (consumptive effects) or by changing their behavior, physiology or other phenotypic traits (non-consumptive effects). Understanding the cues and sensory modalities prey use to detect predators is critical for predicting the strength of non-consumptive effects and the outcome of predator-prey encounters. While predator-associated cues have been well studied in aquatic systems, less is known about how terrestrial prey, particularly insect larvae, detect their predators. We evaluated how Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, larvae perceive predation risk by isolating cues from its stink bug predator, the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris. When exposed to male "risk" predators that were surgically manipulated so they could hunt but not kill, beetles reduced feeding 29% compared to controls. Exposure to risk females caused an intermediate response. Beetles ate 24% less on leaves pre-exposed to predators compared to leaves never exposed to predators, indicating that tactile and visual cues are not required for the prey's response. Volatile odor cues from predators reduced beetle feeding by 10% overall, although male predators caused a stronger reduction than females. Finally, visual cues from the predator had a weak effect on beetle feeding. Because multiple cues appear to be involved in prey perception of risk, and because male and female predators have differential effects, beetle larvae likely experience tremendous variation in the information about risk from their local environment.
|
['Animals', 'Coleoptera', 'Cues', 'Female', 'Food Chain', 'Herbivory', 'Heteroptera', 'Larva', 'Male', 'Olfactory Perception', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Risk', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Visual Perception', 'Volatile Organic Compounds']
| 25,234,373
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['F01.145.113.547.600', 'F01.145.407.758', 'G07.203.650.353.758'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412.420'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['F02.463.593.485'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['G08.686.815'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['D02.974']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Climate variability in early expansions of Homo sapiens in light of the new record of micromammals in Misliya Cave, Israel.
|
In this study, we provide the first taphonomic and taxonomic descriptions of the micromammals from Misliya Cave, where recently a Homo sapiens hemimaxilla has been reported. This finding significantly extends the time frame for the out-of-Africa presence of anatomically modern humans. It also provides an opportunity to reassess variation in early modern human population responses to climate change in the Levantine sequence. Information on species ranking and diversity estimations (Shannon functions) is obtained from quantitative data across 31 Levantine assemblages and investigated in a broad comparative frame using multivariate analyses. Recent models of human-climate interactions in the late Early-Middle Paleolithic of the southern Levant have drawn heavily on on-site associations of human fossils with remains of micromammals. However, there has been little, if any, attempt to examine the long-term picture of how paleocommunities of micromammals responded qualitatively and quantitatively to climatic oscillations of the region by altering their compositional complexity. Consequently, our understanding is vastly limited in regard to the paleoecosystem functions that linked past precipitation shifts to changes in primary producers and consumers or as to the background climatic conditions that allowed for the development of highly nonanalog ancient communities in the region. Although previous studies argued for a correspondence between alternations in H. sapiens and Neanderthal occupations of the Levant and faunal shifts in key biostratigraphic indicator taxa (such as Euro-Siberian Ellobius versus Saharo-Arabian Mastomys and Arvicanthis), our data indicate the likelihood that early H. sapiens populations (Misliya and Qafzeh hominins) persisted through high amplitudes of paleoecological and climatic oscillations. It is unlikely, given these results, that climate functioned as a significant filter of early modern human persistence and genetic interactions with Neanderthals in the Levant.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Caves', 'Climate', 'Climate Change', 'Fossils', 'Human Migration', 'Humans', 'Israel', 'Mammals', 'Neanderthals']
| 32,062,432
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['G01.311.169', 'G16.500.275.067', 'N06.230.066'], ['G16.500.275.071', 'N06.230.300.100.250'], ['G16.500.175.374'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['I01.240.600.525', 'N01.224.625.525', 'N06.850.505.400.700.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.550']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial.
|
BACKGROUND: In a phase 2 trial, lenvatinib, an inhibitor of VEGF receptors 1-3, FGF receptors 1-4, PDGF receptor á, RET, and KIT, showed activity in hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to compare overall survival in patients treated with lenvatinib versus sorafenib as a first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.METHODS: This was an open-label, phase 3, multicentre, non-inferiority trial that recruited patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, who had not received treatment for advanced disease, at 154 sites in 20 countries throughout the Asia-Pacific, European, and North American regions. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) via an interactive voice-web response system-with region; macroscopic portal vein invasion, extrahepatic spread, or both; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; and bodyweight as stratification factors-to receive oral lenvatinib (12 mg/day for bodyweight ?60 kg or 8 mg/day for bodyweight <60 kg) or sorafenib 400 mg twice-daily in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was overall survival, measured from the date of randomisation until the date of death from any cause. The efficacy analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle, and only patients who received treatment were included in the safety analysis. The non-inferiority margin was set at 1·08. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01761266.FINDINGS: Between March 1, 2013 and July 30, 2015, 1492 patients were recruited. 954 eligible patients were randomly assigned to lenvatinib (n=478) or sorafenib (n=476). Median survival time for lenvatinib of 13·6 months (95% CI 12·1-14·9) was non-inferior to sorafenib (12·3 months, 10·4-13·9; hazard ratio 0·92, 95% CI 0·79-1·06), meeting criteria for non-inferiority. The most common any-grade adverse events were hypertension (201 [42%]), diarrhoea (184 [39%]), decreased appetite (162 [34%]), and decreased weight (147 [31%]) for lenvatinib, and palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia (249 [52%]), diarrhoea (220 [46%]), hypertension (144 [30%]), and decreased appetite (127 [27%]) for sorafenib.INTERPRETATION: Lenvatinib was non-inferior to sorafenib in overall survival in untreated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The safety and tolerability profiles of lenvatinib were consistent with those previously observed.FUNDING: Eisai Inc.
|
['Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Niacinamide', 'Phenylurea Compounds', 'Quinolines', 'Sorafenib', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,433,850
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.066.515.530', 'D03.383.725.547.530'], ['D02.065.950.681', 'D02.455.426.559.389.703'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['D02.065.950.681.757', 'D02.455.426.559.389.703.757', 'D03.066.515.530.750', 'D03.383.725.547.530.750'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
ATP stimulation of P2X(7) receptors activates three different ionic conductances on cultured mouse Schwann cells.
|
Extracellular ATP, by acting on P2 purinergic receptors, is a potent mediator of cell-to-cell communication both within and between the nervous and the immune systems. We show here by patch-clamp recording, fluorescent dye uptake and immunocytochemistry that, in cultured mouse Schwann cells, ATP activates a P2X(7) receptor associated with three different ionic conductances. In control conditions, ATP activated an inward current (I(ATP)) with a low potency (EC(50), 7.2 mM). Replacing ATP either by the ATP analogue 2',3'-O-(4-benzoyl-4-benzoyl)-ATP (BzATP) or by the tetraacidic form ATP(4-) potentiated the inward current (ATP(4-) EC(50), 375 microM). ATP and BzATP currents were strongly reduced by periodate oxidized ATP (oATP), an antagonist of P2X(7) receptors. IATP was a mixed current composed of a nonselective cationic conductance, a cationic conductance selective for K(+) and an anionic conductance selective for Cl(-). The activation of the K(+) conductance was dependent on an influx of Ca(2+), and was blocked by charybdotoxin (ChTX) and tetraethylammonium (TEA), two potent antagonists of large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (BK channels). The activation of the Cl(-) conductance was insensitive to Ca(2+) but required the presence of K(+). Total removal of K(+) blocked both the Ca(2+)-activated K(+) conductance and the Cl(-) conductance, unveiling the P2X(7) nonselective cationic conductance. The P2X(7) receptor was localized by immunocytochemistry using a polyclonal antibody, anti-P2X(7), whilst its expression and functionality were both detected by the uptake of Lucifer Yellow. This receptor could regulate the synthesis and the release of cytokines by Schwann cells during pathophysiological events.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Biotransformation', 'Calcium', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chelating Agents', 'Culture Media', 'Egtazic Acid', 'Electrophysiology', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Ion Channels', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mice', 'Neuroglia', 'Neuromuscular Junction', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium', 'Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2X7', 'Schwann Cells']
| 11,595,031
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['A08.800.550.550.550', 'A08.850.550.550', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.550.550'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.725.200.200'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.750.700', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.600.700', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.600.700', 'D12.776.543.750.695.700.720.250.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720.500.700'], ['A08.637.800', 'A08.800.800.690', 'A11.650.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nocturnal penile erections: the diagnostic value of tumescence and rigidity activity units.
|
One of the most commonly used tests to distinguish psychogenic from organic erectile dysfunction (ED) is to monitor nocturnal penile tumescence using the RigiScan device and its new software called RigiScan Plus. To give a true estimate of the predictive ability of the new RigiScan software parameters, tumescence activity units (TAUs) and rigidity activity units (RAUs), we conducted this study on 639 RigiScan night records of 416 ED patients. For study purposes, these records were transferred to a personal computer and classified as normal and abnormal. We recorded the TAU and RAU provided by the RigiScan software for each event separately and also for the total night. We then estimated the diagnostic performance of these two parameters using cutoff values with highest accuracy plotted against the previously reported normal and abnormal curves. We then made four new calculations to improve the diagnostic accuracy of TAU and RAU for the total night. On estimating the highest diagnostic accuracy of RAU and TAU, it ranged from 67.8 to 73.7% for the single best event and from 68.4 to 74.2% for the total night. When using the newly computed units, the highest diagnostic accuracy did not exceed 75.9%.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Penile Erection', 'Penis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sleep', 'Software', 'Young Adult']
| 19,812,580
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C12.294.644.486', 'F03.835.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.717'], ['A05.360.444.492'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['L01.224.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Role of miR-34c microRNA in the late steps of spermatogenesis.
|
Spermatogenesis is a cyclic process in which diploid spermatogonia differentiate into haploid spermatozoa. This process is highly regulated, notably at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), single-stranded noncoding RNA molecules of about 20-25 nucleotides, are implicated in the regulation of many important biological pathways such as proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. We wondered whether miRNAs could play a role during spermatogenesis. The miRNA expression repertoire was tested in germ cells, and we present data showing that miR-34c was highly expressed only in these cells. Furthermore, our findings indicate that in male gonads, miR-34c expression is largely p53 independent in contrast to previous results showing a direct link in somatic cells between the miR-34 family and this tumor suppressor protein. In order to identify target genes involved in germinal lineage differentiation, we overexpressed miR-34c in HeLa cells, analyzed the transcriptome of these modified cells, and noticed a shift of the expression profile toward the germinal lineage. Recently, it has been shown that exogenous expression of Ddx4/Vasa in embryonic chicken stem cells (cESC) induces cESC reprogramming toward a germ cell fate. When we simultaneously expressed miR-34c in such cells, we could detect an up-regulation of germ cell-specific genes whereas the expression of other lineage specific markers remained unchanged. These data suggest that miR-34c could play a role by enhancing the germinal phenotype of cells already committed to this lineage.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA, Untranslated', 'Receptor, Notch2', 'Spermatogenesis', 'Transfection']
| 20,150,330
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D13.444.735.790'], ['D12.776.543.750.725.750', 'D12.776.930.770.750'], ['G04.152.650.624', 'G08.686.784.310.760'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Study of the influencing factors of the blood levels of toxic elements in Africans from 16 countries.
|
Africa's economy is growing faster than any other continent and it has been estimated that the middle class in Africa now exceeds 350 million people. This has meant a parallel increase in the importation of consumer goods and in the implementation of communication and information technologies (ICT), but also in the generation of large quantities of e-waste. However, inadequate infrastructure development remains a major constraint to the continent's economic growth and these highly toxic residues are not always adequately managed. Few studies have been conducted to date assessing the possible association between socioeconomic development factors, including e-waste generation, and blood levels of inorganic elements in African population. To disclose the role of geographical, anthropogenic, and socioeconomic development determinants on the blood levels of Ag, Al, As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, and V -all of them frequently found in e-waste-, an immigrant population-based study was made including a total of 245 subjects from 16 countries recently arrived to the Canary Islands (Spain). Women presented higher levels of blood elements than men, and Northern Africans (Moroccans) were the most contaminated. People from low-income countries exhibited significantly lower blood levels of inorganic elements than those from middle-income countries. We found a significant association between the use of motor vehicles and the implementation of information and communication technologies (ICT) and the level of contamination. Immigrants from the countries with a high volume of imports of second-hand electronic equipment, telephone and internet use had higher levels of inorganic elements. In general terms, the higher level of economic development the higher the blood levels of inorganic pollutants, suggesting that the economic development of Africa, in parallel to e-waste generation and the existence of informal recycling sites, have directly affected the level of contamination of the population of the continent.
|
['Africa', 'Electronic Waste', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Hazardous Substances', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Poverty', 'Recycling', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Spain']
| 28,734,263
|
[['Z01.058'], ['N06.850.460.710.189'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460'], ['D27.888.426'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.525', 'N06.850.860.510.244'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Brief cognitive-behavioral intervention for maternal depression and trauma in the neonatal intensive care unit: a pilot study.
|
Parents of hospitalized premature infants are at risk for developing psychological symptoms. This randomized controlled pilot study examined the effectiveness of a brief cognitive-behavioral intervention in reducing traumatic and depressive symptoms in mothers 1 month after their infant's discharge from the hospital. Fifty-six mothers were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Results showed that mothers experienced high levels of symptoms initially and at follow-up. At follow-up, there was a trend for mothers in the intervention group to report lower levels of depression (p = .06; Cohen's f = .318), but levels of traumatic symptoms were similar for both groups. Brief psychological interventions may reduce depressive symptoms in this population. Estimates of the effect sizes can be used to inform future intervention studies.
|
['Adult', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Mothers', 'Pilot Projects', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 21,438,016
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
p95HER2-T cell bispecific antibody for breast cancer treatment.
|
T cell bispecific antibodies (TCBs) are engineered molecules that include, within a single entity, binding sites to the T cell receptor and to tumor-associated or tumor-specific antigens. The receptor tyrosine kinase HER2 is a tumor-associated antigen in ~25% of breast cancers. TCBs targeting HER2 may result in severe toxicities, likely due to the expression of HER2 in normal epithelia. About 40% of HER2-positive tumors express p95HER2, a carboxyl-terminal fragment of HER2. Using specific antibodies, here, we show that p95HER2 is not expressed in normal tissues. We describe the development of p95HER2-TCB and show that it has a potent antitumor effect on p95HER2-expressing breast primary cancers and brain lesions. In contrast with a TCB targeting HER2, p95HER2-TCB has no effect on nontransformed cells that do not overexpress HER2. These data pave the way for the safe treatment of a subgroup of HER2-positive tumors by targeting a tumor-specific antigen.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Bispecific', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'CD3 Complex', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 30,282,693
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.125', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.134', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.134'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tweet if you want to be sustainable: a thematic analysis of a Twitter chat to discuss sustainability in nurse education.
|
AIM: To explore the concept of sustainability in nursing using social media as a vehicle for discussion on the topic.BACKGROUND: There is a need for an increased awareness among nurses of the issues that are crucial for the healthcare sector to prepare for climate change and contribute to sustainable development. However, topics about sustainability and climate change are not a requirement of nursing curricula in Europe; social media provides an opportunity to raise issues and promote discussion.DESIGN: A thematic analysis of a Twitter discussion.METHODS: A Twitter discussion session hosted by @WeNurses took place on 24 March 2015 over 1 hour. Data were gathered via this online discussion hosted on Twitter, a social media platform. Following the discussion a thematic analysis of the posted Tweets was conducted.FINDINGS: One hundred and nineteen people posted nine hundred and ninety six Tweets, a reach of 3,306,368. Tweets broadly followed the questions posted by the team. Several threads related to the sustainable use of healthcare resources and the need to reduce waste was evident. A Word Cloud of the Tweets highlighted prominent words in the discussion: sustainability, nursing/nurses, curriculum, important, waste, practice, resources, student, plastic, health, gloves.CONCLUSION: Social media is an effective way of engaging nurses and students in a discussion on challenging issues. Sustainability appears to be important for nurses, with a particular emphasis on resource use and the importance of sustainability topics in nurse education.
|
['Climate Change', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Nursing', 'Europe', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Nurses', 'Qualitative Research', 'Social Media']
| 26,821,875
|
[['G16.500.175.374'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.462'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['M01.526.485.650', 'N02.360.650'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['L01.178.751', 'L01.224.230.110.500.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
ATP hydrolysis catalyzed by human replication factor C requires participation of multiple subunits.
|
Human replication factor C (hRFC) is a five-subunit protein complex (p140, p40, p38, p37, and p36) that acts to catalytically load proliferating cell nuclear antigen onto DNA, where it recruits DNA polymerase delta or epsilon to the primer terminus at the expense of ATP, leading to processive DNA synthesis. We have previously shown that a subcomplex of hRFC consisting of three subunits (p40, p37, and p36) contained DNA-dependent ATPase activity. However, it is not clear which subunit(s) hydrolyzes ATP, as all five subunits include potential ATP binding sites. In this report, we introduced point mutations in the putative ATP-binding sequences of each hRFC subunit and examined the properties of the resulting mutant hRFC complex and the ATPase activity of the hRFC or the p40.p37.p36 complex. A mutation in any one of the ATP binding sites of the p36, p37, p40, or p140 subunits markedly reduced replication activity of the hRFC complex and the ATPase activity of the hRFC or the p40.p37.p36 complex. A mutation in the ATP binding site of the p38 subunit did not alter the replication activity of hRFC. These findings indicate that the replication activity of hRFC is dependent on efficient ATP hydrolysis contributed to by the action of four hRFC subunits.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Humans', 'Hydrolysis', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Minor Histocompatibility Antigens', 'Models, Biological', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Point Mutation', 'Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen', 'Protein Conformation', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Replication Protein C', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 9,751,713
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.380'], ['E05.481'], ['D23.050.301.500.600', 'D23.050.705.552.600'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.776.660.740', 'D23.050.290.750', 'D23.101.140.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D08.811.277.040.013.500.438', 'D08.811.277.040.025.024.438', 'D12.776.157.025.750.438', 'D12.776.260.702'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oligodendroglial lineage cells express neuroligand receptors.
|
This study was designed to determine whether cells of the oligodendroglial lineage express neuroligand receptors linked to Ca2+ mobilization. Intracellular Ca2+ levels were monitored with a video-based imaging system and cells were characterized with immunocytochemical markers. O-2A progenitor cells (A2B5+/GFAP-) and mature oligodendroglia (GC+/MBP+) responded to norepinephrine, glutamate, ATP, and histamine with increased intracellular Ca2+ levels. As O-2A progenitor cells differentiated into mature oligodendroglia, there was an increase in the percentage of cells that responded to ATP and histamine with an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels. Both O-2A progenitor cells and mature oligodendroglia were pharmacologically heterogeneous with respect to their ability to respond to neuroligands with an increase in intracellular Ca2+. Treatment with bradykinin, carbachol, and substance P also increased intracellular Ca2+ levels in O-2A progenitor cells and mature oligodendroglia. Whereas the percentage of cells that responded to bradykinin and substance P increased with differentiation of O-2A progenitor cells into mature oligodendroglia, the trend was reversed with respect to the percentage of cells responding to carbachol. These results suggest that cells of the oligodendroglial lineage exhibit neuroligand receptors linked to Ca2+ mobilization and that the ability of these cells to respond to neuroligands is developmentally regulated.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Biomarkers', 'Calcium', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Neuropeptides', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Oligodendroglia', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Neurotransmitter', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stem Cells', 'Videotape Recording']
| 8,104,891
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D23.101'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['L01.224.308'], ['D12.644.400', 'D12.776.631.650'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['A08.637.600', 'A11.650.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.720'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.872'], ['J01.897.280.500.846.734', 'J01.897.280.500.898.840', 'L01.178.590.875.840', 'L01.178.820.090.846.734', 'L01.178.820.090.898.840', 'L01.280.940.840', 'L01.280.960.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A bacterial one-hybrid system for determining the DNA-binding specificity of transcription factors.
|
The DNA-binding specificities of transcription factors can be used to computationally predict cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) that regulate gene expression. However, the absence of specificity data for the majority of transcription factors limits the widespread implementation of this approach. We have developed a bacterial one-hybrid system that provides a simple and rapid method to determine the DNA-binding specificity of a transcription factor. Using this technology, we successfully determined the DNA-binding specificity of seven previously characterized transcription factors and one novel transcription factor, the Drosophila melanogaster factor Odd-skipped. Regulatory targets of Odd-skipped were successfully predicted using this information, demonstrating that the data produced by the bacterial one-hybrid system are relevant to in vivo function.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Regulator', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sequence Analysis', 'Transcription Factors', 'Two-Hybrid System Techniques']
| 16,041,365
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.425'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['E05.601.690'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.393.760'], ['D12.776.930'], ['E05.393.220.870', 'E05.601.690.650', 'E05.601.870']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hepatitis B carriers in large vehicle drivers of Iran.
|
Hepatitis B is a serious cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in Iran is about 1.7% but little is known about the high-risk occupations. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of HBsAg and assess risk factors of infection in Iran's large vehicle drivers as a high-risk group. The population studied included 1113 large vehicle drivers. Study was carried out in 51 police stations in roads of 17 provinces around the country. From each of the sites 20-30 large vehicle drivers were randomly selected. An interview with each of the subjects was performed and a blood sample was taken. The prevalence of HBsAg was 5.9% (confidence interval (CI) 95%: 4.5-7.3%) which was significantly different from the prevalence in general population in the same age group (P<0.0001). Cost-effectiveness studies regarding immunization programs for this high-risk group is suggested.
|
['Adult', 'Automobile Driving', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Carrier State', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Humans', 'Iran', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Tattooing']
| 12,706,681
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I03.125'], ['E02.095.135'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E02.218.085.840', 'E04.085.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ion-selective electrodes with unusual response functions: simultaneous formation of ionophore-primary ion complexes with different stoichiometries.
|
It is well known that the selectivity of an ion-selective electrode (ISE) depends on the stoichiometry of the complexes between its ionophore and the target and interfering ions. It is all the more surprising that the possibility for the simultaneous occurrence of multiple target ion complexes with different complex stoichiometries was mostly ignored in the past. Here, we report on the simultaneous formation of 1:1 and 1:2 complexes of a fluorophilic crown ether in fluorous ISE membranes and how this results in what looks like super-Nernstian responses. These increased response slopes are not caused by mass transfer limitations and can be readily explained with a phase boundary model, a finding that is supported by experimentally determined complex formation constants and excellent fits of response curves. Not only Cs(+) but also the smaller ions Li(+), Na(+), K(+), and NH(4)(+) form 1:1 and 1:2 complexes with the fluorophilic crown ether, with cumulative formation constants of up to 10(15.0) and 10(21.0) for of the 1:1 and 1:2 complexes, respectively. Super-Nernstian responses of the type observed with these electrodes are probably not particularly rare but have lacked in the past an adequate discussion in the literature, remaining ignored or misinterpreted. Preliminary calculations also predict sub-Nernstian responses and potential dips of a similar origin. The proper understanding of such phenomena will facilitate the development of new ISEs based on ionophores that form complexes of higher stoichiometries.
|
['Electrochemistry', 'Ion-Selective Electrodes', 'Ionophores', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Potentiometry']
| 22,128,799
|
[['H01.181.529.307'], ['E07.305.250.471'], ['D27.505.519.562.374', 'D27.720.395'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['E05.196.922.750', 'E05.301.710']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effects of smoking on ovarian function and fertility during assisted reproduction cycles.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on ovarian function and fertility in women undergoing assisted reproduction cycles.METHODS: We assessed the effects of smoking on ovarian function and fertility in a cohort of 499 women. Questionnaires were designed to quantify past smoking exposure and to determine whether the woman was smoking during the treatment cycle. Ovarian function characteristics and pregnancy rates were compared among current smokers, past smokers, and nonsmokers.RESULTS: Compared with nonsmokers, both current and past smokers have reduced gonadotropin-stimulated ovarian function. A history of increasing tobacco exposure was associated with decreasing serum estradiol concentrations, numbers of retrieved oocytes, and numbers of embryos. On average, for every 10 pack-years of cigarette smoking, 2.5 fewer mature oocytes and 2.0 fewer embryos were obtained. Women who smoked during their treatment cycle had approximately a 50% reduction in implantation rate and ongoing pregnancy rate compared with women who had never smoked. Women who quit smoking before their treatment cycle had the same pregnancy rate as nonsmokers.CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking is associated with a prolonged and dose-dependent adverse effect on ovarian function. Smoking appears to have a more transient toxic effect on fertility, because current smokers, but not past smokers, had a markedly reduced pregnancy rate after treatment cycles compared with nonsmokers. Women should quit smoking before assisted reproduction cycles.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Fertility', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer', 'Humans', 'Ovary', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Rate', 'Reproductive Techniques', 'Smoking', 'Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer']
| 8,885,914
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G08.686.210'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['E02.875.800.875', 'E05.820.800.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.985.775', 'G08.686.705', 'N01.224.935.849', 'N06.850.505.400.975.775', 'N06.850.520.308.985.775'], ['E02.875', 'E05.820'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E02.875.800.992', 'E05.820.800.992']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A prospective, naturalistic, blinded study of early neurobehavioral outcomes for infants following prenatal antidepressant exposure.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the potential effects of antidepressant exposure in pregnancy on early infant neurobehavioral outcomes.METHOD: In this prospective, naturalistic study, neurobehavioral assessments using the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (BNBAS) were completed by blinded raters between March 2001 and August 2005 on 64 infants who were born to mothers in 1 of 3 categories: (1) women with a history of DSM-IV-diagnosed major depressive disorder (MDD) who were treated with antidepressants during pregnancy, (2) women with a history of DSM-IV-diagnosed MDD who discontinued or chose not to be treated with antidepressants during pregnancy, and (3) a nonpsychiatric control group. Summary scores for the BNBAS were obtained within the first week of life and at 6 to 8 weeks of age.RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between groups at either the first week after delivery or at 6 to 8 weeks of age on any of the summary scores for the 7 major clusters of the BNBAS.CONCLUSIONS: Antidepressant exposure during pregnancy does not appear to have major adverse effects on indices of early infant neurobehavioral development during the first 2 months of life as assessed by the BNBAS. While this finding is encouraging, further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are needed.
|
['Adult', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Child Development', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Behavior', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Neurologic Examination', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Risk Factors']
| 21,672,498
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.145.179.500'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.376.550', 'E01.370.600.550'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Differential roles of viral RNA and cRNA in functional modulation of the influenza virus RNA polymerase.
|
The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of influenza virus is composed of three viral P proteins (PB1, PB2, and PA) and involved in both transcription and replication of the RNA genome. For the molecular anatomy of this multifunctional enzyme, we have established a simultaneous expression of three P proteins in cultured insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses. For purification of P protein complexes, the PA protein was expressed as a fusion with a histidine tag added at its N terminus. By using affinity chromatography, a complex consisting of the three P proteins was isolated from nuclear extracts of virus-infected cells. The affinity-purified 3P complex showed the activities of capped RNA binding, capped RNA cleavage, viral model RNA binding, model RNA-directed RNA synthesis, and polyadenylation of newly synthesized RNA. We conclude that a functional form of the viral RNA polymerase with the catalytic specificity of transcriptase is formed in recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells. Using the viral RNA-free 3P complex, we found that the capped RNA cleavage takes place in the presence of vRNA but not of cRNA, indicating that the vRNA functions as a regulatory factor for the specificity control of viral RNA polymerase as well as a template for transcription. The structural elements of RNA directing the expression of RNA polymerase functions were analyzed using variant forms of the model RNA templates.
|
['Baculoviridae', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Orthomyxoviridae', 'Poly A', 'RNA, Complementary', 'RNA, Viral']
| 11,373,286
|
[['B04.280.065', 'B04.525.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B04.820.480.968'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['D13.444.600.723.480', 'D13.444.735.480', 'D27.720.470.530.600.825.840'], ['D13.444.735.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Brain structure, cognition and negative symptoms in schizophrenia are associated with serum levels of polysialic acid-modified NCAM.
|
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is a glycoprotein implicated in cell-cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity. Polysialic acid (polySia) is mainly attached to NCAM (polySia-NCAM) and has an essential role in regulating NCAM-dependent developmental processes that require plasticity, that is, cell migration, axon guidance and synapse formation. Post-mortem and genetic evidence suggests that dysregulation of polySia-NCAM is involved in schizophrenia (SZ). We enrolled 45 patients diagnosed with SZ and 45 healthy individuals who were submitted to polySia-NCAM peripheral quantification, cognitive and psychopathological assessment and structural neuroimaging (brain volumes and diffusion tensor imaging). PolySia-NCAM serum levels were increased in SZ patients, independently of antipsychotic treatment, and were associated with negative symptoms, blunted affect and declarative memory impairment. The increased polySia-NCAM levels were associated with decreased volume in the left prefrontal cortex, namely Brodmann area 46, in patients and increased volume in the same brain area of healthy individuals. As this brain region is involved in the pathophysiology of SZ and its associated phenomenology, the data indicate that polySia-NCAM deserves further scrutiny because of its possible role in early neurodevelopmental mechanisms of the disorder.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cell Movement', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Diffusion Tensor Imaging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Organ Size', 'Schizophrenia', 'Sialic Acids']
| 26,460,482
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['F03.615.250'], ['E01.370.350.578.750', 'E01.370.350.825.500.150.500', 'E01.370.376.537.500', 'E05.629.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.250.520', 'D12.776.543.550.200.250.520', 'D23.050.301.350.250.520'], ['G11.561.638'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['F03.700.750'], ['D02.241.081.844.562.668', 'D02.241.511.902.562.668', 'D09.067.687.668', 'D09.811.589.668']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Translation of random painful stimuli into numerical responses in fibromyalgia and perioperative patients.
|
Number-based assessment tools are used to evaluate pain perception in patients and determine the effect of pain management. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of chronic and acute pain patients to score their response to randomly applied noxious stimuli and assess the effect of opioid treatment. Thirty-seven healthy controls, 30 fibromyalgia patients, and 62 postoperative patients with acute pain received random heat pain (Hp) and electrical pain (Ep) stimuli. All subjects rated their pain on an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS). The data were analyzed using a penalty score system, based on the assumption that stimuli of higher intensity are scored with a greater NRS, and stratified into cohorts corresponding to "good," "mediocre," and "poor" scoring. Healthy controls were well able to score pain with 73% (Hp) and 81% (Ep) of subjects classified into cohort "good." Fibromyalgia had a negative effect on scoring with 45% (Hp, P = 0.03 vs controls) and 67% (Ep) of patients in cohort "good." In controls, scoring deteriorated during opioid administration leaving just 40% (Hp, P = 0.015 vs baseline) and 70% (Ep) of subjects in the cohort "good." Similar observations were made in fibromyalgia patients (P = 0.02) but not in surgical patients with postoperative pain. Consistency to grade pain using an NRS is high in healthy volunteers but deteriorates in chronic pain and during opioid administration to volunteers and chronic pain patients but not to acute pain patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Female', 'Fibromyalgia', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain Threshold', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Young Adult']
| 26,307,857
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.723.402'], ['C05.651.324', 'C05.799.321', 'C10.668.491.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['F02.463.593.710.560', 'F02.830.816.444.700', 'G11.561.790.444.700'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics During the Practice of Bhramari Pranayama, Kapalbhati and Bahir-Kumbhaka: An Exploratory Study.
|
Various pranayama techniques are known to produce different physiological effects. We evaluated the effect of three-different pranayama techniques on cerebrovascular hemodynamics. Eighteen healthy volunteers with the mean ± standard deviation age of 23.78 ± 2.96 years were performed three-different pranayama techniques: (1) Bhramari, (2) Kapalbhati and (3) Bahir-Kumbhaka in three-different orders. Continuous transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring was performed before, during and after the pranayama techniques. TCD parameters such as peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity (EDV), mean flow velocity (MFV) and pulsatility index (PI) of right middle cerebral artery were recorded. Practice of Kapalbhati showed significant reductions in EDV and MFV with significant increase in PI while, Bahir-Kumbhaka showed significant increase in EDV and MFV with significant reduction in PI. However, no such significant changes were observed in Bhramari pranayama. Various types of pranayama techniques produce different cerebrovascular hemodynamic changes in healthy volunteers.
|
['Adult', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Respiration', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial', 'Yoga', 'Young Adult']
| 29,188,396
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G09.772.705'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.260.850', 'E01.370.350.700.560.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.850.870', 'E01.370.376.537.750.260.850', 'E05.629.937.260.850'], ['E02.190.525.937', 'E02.190.901.984', 'E02.779.474.937', 'K01.844.799.867'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
High content analysis assay for prediction of human hepatotoxicity in HepaRG and HepG2 cells.
|
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) results in the termination of drug development or withdrawal of a drug from the market. The establishment of a predictive, high-throughput preclinical test system to evaluate potential clinical DILI is therefore required. Here, we established a high content analysis (HCA) assay in human hepatocyte cell lines such as the HepaRG with normal expression levels of CYP enzymes and HepG2 with extremely low expression levels of CYP enzymes. Clinical DILI or non-DILI compounds were evaluated for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) consumption, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) attenuation. A proportion of DILI compounds induced ROS generation, GSH depletion, and MMP dysfunction, which was consistent with reported mechanisms of DILI of these compounds. In particular, DILI compounds that deplete GSH via reactive metabolites exhibited a more marked decrease in intracellular GSH or increase in ROS production in HepaRG cells than in HepG2 cells. Comparison of the two cell lines with different levels of CYP expression might help clarify the contribution of metabolism to hepatocyte toxicity. These results suggest that the HCA assay in HepaRG and HepG2 cells might help improve the accuracy of evaluating clinical DILI potential during drug screening.
|
['Cell Line', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Glutathione', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 26,921,665
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.295.770.500', 'G04.580.550', 'G07.265.675.550'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
IQGAPs are differentially expressed and regulated in polarized gastric epithelial cells.
|
IQGAPs, GTPase-activating proteins with an IQ motif, are thought to regulate many actin cytoskeleton-based activities through interactions with Cdc42 and Rac. Recently, Cdc42 was implicated in regulation of gastric parietal cell HCl secretion, and IQGAP2 was immunolocalized with Cdc42 to F-actin-rich intracellular canalicular membranes of isolated gastric parietal cells in primary culture. Here we sought to define distribution and localization of IQGAP1 and IQGAP2 in major oxyntic (acid-secreting) gastric mucosal cell types and to determine whether secretory agonists modulate these proteins. Differential staining protocols were used to identify different cell populations (parietal, chief, surface/pit, and mucous neck cells) in semi-intact glands isolated from rabbit gastric mucosae and to characterize these same cells after dispersion and fractionation on isopycnic density gradients with simultaneous staining for F-actin, H+-K+-ATPase, and GSII lectin-binding sites. There was a pronounced increase in intracellular F-actin staining in dispersed chief cells, apparently from internalization of F-actin-rich apical membranes that normally abut the gland lumen. Therefore, other membrane-associated proteins might also be redistributed by disruption of cell-cell contacts. Western blot analyses were used to quantitate relative concentrations of IQGAPs in defined mucosal cell fractions, and gastric glands were used for in situ localizations. We detected uniform levels of IQGAP2 expression in oxyntic mucosal cells with predominant targeting to regions of cell-cell contact and nuclei of all cell types. IQGAP2 was not detected in parietal cell intracellular canaliculi. IQGAP1 expression was variable and targeted predominantly to the cortex of chief and mucous neck cells. Parietal cells expressed little or no IQGAP1 vs. other mucosal cell types. Phosphoprotein affinity chromatography, isoelectric focusing, and phosphorylation site analyses indicated that both IQGAP1 and IQGAP2 are phosphoproteins potentially regulated by [Ca2+]i/PKC and cAMP signaling pathways, respectively. Stimulation of glands with carbachol, which elevates [Ca2+]i and activates PKC, induced apparent translocation of IQGAP1, but not IQGAP2, to apical poles of chief (zymogen) and mucous neck cells. This response was mimicked by PMA but not by ionomycin or by elevation of [cAMP]i with forskolin. Our observations support a novel, PKC-dependent role for IQGAP1 in regulated exocytosis and suggest that IQGAP2 may play a more general role in regulating cell-cell interactions and possibly migration within the gastric mucosa.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Parietal Cells, Gastric', 'Phosphorylation', 'Rabbits', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Signal Transduction', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'ras GTPase-Activating Proteins']
| 15,458,922
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A03.556.875.875.440.708', 'A10.615.550.291.650', 'A11.436.708'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.284.835'], ['D12.644.360.325.150.500', 'D12.776.476.325.150.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bioreactor cultivation of anatomically shaped human bone grafts.
|
In this chapter, we describe a method for engineering bone grafts in vitro with the specific geometry of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condyle. The anatomical geometry of the bone grafts was segmented from computed tomography (CT) scans, converted to G-code, and used to machine decellularized trabecular bone scaffolds into the identical shape of the condyle. These scaffolds were seeded with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using spinner flasks and cultivated for up to 5 weeks in vitro using a custom-designed perfusion bioreactor system. The flow patterns through the complex geometry were modeled using the FloWorks module of SolidWorks to optimize bioreactor design. The perfused scaffolds exhibited significantly higher cellular content, better matrix production, and increased bone mineral deposition relative to non-perfused (static) controls after 5 weeks of in vitro cultivation. This technology is broadly applicable for creating patient-specific bone grafts of varying shapes and sizes.
|
['Bioreactors', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Dimethylpolysiloxanes', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Temporomandibular Joint', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 24,014,312
|
[['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['D02.756.650.700.150', 'D05.750.900.850.150', 'D25.720.900.850.150', 'J01.637.051.720.900.850.150'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['A02.835.583.861', 'A14.907'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Congestive heart failure and absent femoral pulses in newborns without coarctation of the aorta.
|
Two infants with thrombosis of the abdominal aorta are discussed. In each case the presentation was indistinguishable from that in coarctation of the aorta, with heart failure and absent femoral pulses. Surgery in one infant successfully relieved the obstruction. The diagnosis may not be suspected from the history. Aggressive management is indicated.
|
['Aorta, Abdominal', 'Aortic Coarctation', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases', 'Male', 'Thrombosis']
| 6,831,958
|
[['A07.015.114.056.205'], ['C14.240.400.090', 'C14.280.400.090', 'C16.131.240.400.090'], ['C14.907.109'], ['E01.171'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614'], ['C14.907.355.830']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Paraquat concentration and renal function in mice fed purified and cereal-based diets.
|
Paraquat, a broad spectrum herbicide, has differential effects in mice depending upon whether a purified or a cereal-based diet is fed. Male ICR mice were fed either a cereal-based closed-formula diet or a purified diet for 7-14 days. After intraperitoneal injection, radiolabeled paraquat was measured in blood, lung, kidney, liver, heart, and urine over a 48-hr period. Accumulation of organic ions was measured in renal tissue slices at 3 hrs after injection of paraquat. Hematocrit, plasma urea nitrogen, and urine volume were measured from 8 to 72 hr after administration of paraquat. From 3 to 12 hr after injection, concentrations of paraquat in plasma, kidney, and liver were greater in mice fed a purified diet than in mice fed a closed-formula diet. Concentration of paraquat in the lung and urine did not differ between dietary groups over a 48-hr period. Three hours after paraquat intake renal tissue organic ion accumulation was higher in mice fed a purified diet. Within 72 hr after paraquat administration plasma urea nitrogen concentration and hematocrit were greater in mice fed a purified diet. Higher tissue concentrations of paraquat in mice fed a purified diet could explain dietary differences previously observed for LD50 and survival time after paraquat injection. While changes in plasma urea and paraquat concentration in the kidney were observed, the effect of a diet-paraquat interaction on renal function was not conclusive, since there was no difference in excretion of paraquat between the dietary groups.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Urea Nitrogen', 'Diet', 'Edible Grain', 'Food, Formulated', 'Hematocrit', 'Ions', 'Kidney', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Paraquat']
| 6,678,755
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.115', 'E01.370.390.400.100', 'E05.200.124.100.115'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['G07.203.300.525.350', 'J02.500.525.350'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D01.248.497'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D03.383.725.762.621']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Diagnosis and therapy of a dog with an atypical eosinophilic cellulitis].
|
A 6 years old female bernese mountain dog was seen for a nodular and erythemato-edematous dermatosis resistant to therapy. The histopathological exam showed a eosinophilic cellulitis with flame figures, which are caracteristic for the Wells' syndrome in human. A combined treatment with marbofloxacin and prednisolone brought first a stabilisation of the disease. The cutaneous lesions worsened however at the end of the antibiotic treatment, after reduction of the steroid dosage. The prescription of dapsone did not change the clinical image, which motivated the owner to euthanize the dog. This case report is presented to make practitioners aware of a rare but particularly challenging dermatological problem.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Biopsy', 'Cellulitis', 'Dapsone', 'Dermatitis', 'Dogs', 'Eosinophilia', 'Euthanasia', 'Female', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Humans', 'Prednisolone', 'Skin Ulcer']
| 21,043,027
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C01.800.130', 'C01.830.200', 'C17.300.185', 'C23.550.470.756.200'], ['D02.886.590.263'], ['C17.800.174'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C15.378.553.231'], ['E02.760.905.199', 'I01.880.735.344.500', 'N02.421.585.905.199'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['C17.800.893']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.