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Experience of varicella vaccination in acute lymphoplastic leukaemia.
|
Varicella is a common benign childhood illness. Rarely, serious complications arise. Immunocompromised patients usually suffer a more serious form of the illness. It is therefore prudent to prevent the infection in this group of patients. Varicella vaccination has been proven by several workers to be effective in both healthy children and adults as well as in leukaemic children. As the vaccine had not been licensed for sale in Singapore, we could only import 10 doses of the vaccine under special license. This was given to 8 leukaemic children. Of this, 5 seroconverted after the first dose. Two patients had the benefit of a repeat vaccination 3 months later. Both subsequently seroconverted. Two of the patients died from a relapse of the illness, a year and 2 years after the vaccination. None of the patients developed any side effects of fever and pain or varicella or zoster after the immunisation even though there was close contact with chicken pox. Although the study sample was small, it appeared that the vaccine was safe and efficacious in leukaemic children, especially after a 2-dose injection.
|
['Chickenpox', 'Chickenpox Vaccine', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'Vaccination']
| 9,104,061
|
[['C01.925.256.466.930.250'], ['D20.215.894.899.290.130'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
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Application of parecoxib in post-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty analgesia.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the postoperative analgesic effects of parecoxib for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP).METHODS: Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome who underwent UPPP were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, the incision-local block was performed with 5 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine injected subcutaneously before the end of surgery, then 20 ml of physiological saline was injected intravenously every 12 h for 2 days. In group B, in addition to the incision-local block, 40 mg parecoxib was injected intravenously 30 min before the end of UPPP and 40 mg parecoxib was injected intravenously every 12 h for 2 days. Postoperative pain was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Adverse reactions were recorded.RESULTS: A total of 40 patients were randomized (n = 20 per group). Under resting conditions, the mean ± SD VAS pain scores were significantly higher in group A compared with group B at 24 h and 48 h after UPPP (24 h 4.0 ± 0.8 versus 2.6 ± 0.6; 48 h 3.8 ± 0.7 versus 2.4 ± 0.5; respectively). Under swallowing conditions, the mean ± SD VAS pain scores were significantly higher in group A compared with group B at 8 h, 24 h and 48 h after UPPP. Postoperative adverse reactions were similar in the two groups.CONCLUSION: Intravenous parecoxib combined with incision-local ropivacaine provided effective postoperative analgesia for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, undergoing UPPP.
|
['Adult', 'Amides', 'Anesthesia, Local', 'Anesthetics, Local', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Isoxazoles', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Management', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Palate, Soft', 'Ropivacaine', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive']
| 23,934,045
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.065'], ['E03.155.086.231'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['D03.383.129.385'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['A14.549.617.780'], ['D02.065.199.825', 'D02.092.146.113.825'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
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An organ-sparing treatment using combined intra-arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy for muscle-invading bladder carcinoma.
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OBJECTIVE: We describe the results of an organ-sparing approach for the treatment of non-metastatic, invasive bladder carcinoma.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-three patients (mean age 71 years; age range 47-87 years) with bladder carcinoma of clinical stage T2-T3N0M0 and histologically proven muscle invasion were examined between 1992 and 1998. The median duration of follow-up was 30 months. The treatment protocol for intra-arterial chemotherapy consisted of methotrexate 30 mg/m(2) and cisplatin 50 mg/m(2) in 7 patients and cisplatin 50 mg/m(2) in 16 patients, administered in three cycles via catheters inserted in the internal iliac arteries. Concomitantly, 41.4 Gy of radiotherapy was given to the lesser pelvis. Transurethral biopsy and urine cytology were performed after the completion of treatment; patients were followed observationally if residual tumor was absent, and underwent radical cystectomy if it was present.RESULTS: At the end of treatment, 18 patients (78%) showed a complete response (CR) and the bladder was spared in all cases. Radical cystectomy was performed for 4 non-CR cases, with the result that 2 cases had residual superficial cancer and the other 2 had muscle-invading cancer histologically. Among the patients with a CR, 2 experienced intravesical recurrence. Overall, 2 patients died of cancer, 5 died of other causes and 2 died during treatment. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 70.3% and the overall survival rate 46.4%.CONCLUSIONS: A bladder-sparing approach for the treatment of muscle-invading bladder carcinoma which utilizes combined intra-arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy may arrest the decline in quality of life induced by urinary diversion and yield equivalent therapeutic benefit to that of radical cystectomy.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Carcinoma, Transitional Cell', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Probability', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Risk Assessment', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 12,487,737
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['C04.557.470.200.430'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
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Shower PUVA: a novel variant of photochemotherapy. Distribution of photosensitivity and accumulation of trioxsalen in the skin.
|
Shower PUVA is a new variant of photochemotherapy suitable for therapy of various skin disorders. Psoralen, e.g. trioxsalen-containing water recirculates in a closed shower system and wets the skin continuously. After showering, whole-body UVA irradiation (320-400 nm) is performed. In order to prove the equal distribution of photosensitivity in vivo minimal phototoxic dose (MPD) was determined in different skin areas of healthy individuals. Additionally, we investigated the accumulation of trioxsalen in psoriasis lesions under the conditions described by quantifying psoralen in scales collected after showering. In a randomized study 20 healthy volunteers (skin type I-III) took showers for 5 and 10 min in trioxsalen (0.27 mg/l)-containing water at 37 degrees C. Immediately afterwards, MPD was tested on the inside of the upper arms and on the buttocks by using a polychromator light source (315-400 nm). The applied UVA doses were 0.06-0.75 J/cm(2) with steps of 0.125 J/cm(2). MPD was evaluated after 72 h. Equal distribution of photosensitivity was defined as equal MPD on the insides of the upper arm and the buttocks (+/-0.125 J/cm(2)). Skin scales of 21 patients with psoriasis were collected by scratching after showering with trioxsalen-containing water (0.27 mg/l) for 5 min. For quantification of trioxsalen in the scales HPLC was performed. An equal distribution of photosensitivity was achieved in 70% (14/20) cases after 10-min showering in trioxsalen-containing water. Showering for 5 min only revealed a 30% (6/20) rate of equal distributed photosensitivity. After 10-min shower time MPD was 0.325 J/cm(2) (median; range: 0.06-0.625 J/cm(2)). The average amount of trioxsalen found in the scales was 2.03 ng/mg scales (range: 0.38-7.2 ng/mg). For shower PUVA using trioxsalen, 10 min shower time is recommended to achieve sufficient distribution of photosensitivity on the skin. Clinical efficacy of shower PUVA can be explained by skin accumulation of trioxsalen which enters from the aqueous phase into the upper skin layers in detectable amounts. This is the first report demonstrating the efficacy of shower PUVA which in short shower time allows an uptake of psoralen by the skin.
|
['Adult', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'PUVA Therapy', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psoriasis', 'Skin', 'Time Factors', 'Trioxsalen']
| 15,087,592
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.774.945.500'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['A17.815'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.794.875', 'D03.633.100.150.446.794.875', 'D03.633.300.770.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
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[The clinical efficacy of coblation tonsillectomy and conventional tonsillectomy in China: A Meta analysis].
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Objective:To systematically review the clinical efficacy of coblation tonsillectomy and conventional tonsillectomy in China. Method:Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of coblation tonsillectomy and conventional tonsillectomy were searched and retrieved through online databases (PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, VIP, WanFang, SUMsearch and Google search engine) and related literatures were reviewed up to 30 April, 2017. Two investigators independently screened literatures,extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias assessment tools for RCT using the Version 5.1.0 of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Then, Meta analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. Result:A total of 32 RCTs involving 3 197 tonsillectomy patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: the operation time (MD=-17.03, 95%CI -19.78 to -14.28, P?0.00 001), intraoperative blood loss (MD=-27.00, 95%CI -30.44 to -23.56, P?0.00 001), postoperative pain in 24 hours (MD=-2.00, 95%CI -2.65 to -1.35, P?0.00 001), time needed to regain the normal diet (MD=-2.01, 95%CI -2.60 to -1.42, P?0.00001), formation time of white membrane (MD=-2.44, 95%CI -3.96 to -0.93, P=0.002) of patients in the coblation tonsillectomy group were all significantly lower than the conventional tonsillectomy group; while the exfoliation time of white membrane (MD=2.02, 95%CI 0.65 to 3.39, P=0.004) in the coblation tonsillectomy group was significantly longer than the conventional tonsillectomy group. Conclusion:Current evidence shows that, compared with the conventional tonsillectomy group, the coblation tonsillectomy group can significantly shorten the operation time, decrease intraoperative blood loss, alleviate postoperative pain degree during 24 hours, regain the normal diet early and form white membrane early, but delaye the exfoliation time of white membrane. Due to the limited kinds of literature and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions still need to be verified by carrying out more large scale samples and high quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studies.
|
['Blood Loss, Surgical', 'China', 'Humans', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Tonsillectomy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,798,503
|
[['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E04.580.848'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
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The floral scent of Taccarum ulei (Araceae): attraction of scarab beetle pollinators to an unusual aliphatic acyloin.
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The strongly fragrant thermogenic inflorescences of Taccarum ulei (Araceae) are highly attractive to night-active scarab beetles of Cyclocephala celata and C. cearae (Scarabaeidae, Cyclocephalini), which are effective pollinators of plants in the wild in northeastern Brazil. GC-MS analysis of headspace floral scent samples of T. ulei established that two constituents, (S)-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-hexanone (an aliphatic acyloin rarely detected in flowers) and dihydro-â-ionone (an irregular terpene) accounted for over 96% of the total scent discharge. Behavioral tests (in both field and cages) showed that male and female C. celata and C. cearae were attracted to traps baited with a synthetic mixture of both compounds; however, they were also responsive to (S)-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-hexanone alone, which thus functions as a specific attractive cue. These findings support other recent research in suggesting that angiosperms pollinated by cyclocephaline scarab beetles release floral odors of limited complexity in terms of numbers of compounds, but often dominated by unusual compounds that may ensure attraction of specific pollinator species.
|
['Animals', 'Araceae', 'Coleoptera', 'Fatty Alcohols', 'Female', 'Flowers', 'Male', 'Molecular Structure', 'Odorants', 'Pollination']
| 23,582,213
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.050.750'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['D02.033.415', 'D10.289'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['G08.686.784.743', 'G15.776']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
Growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide stimulates GH release in normal men and acts synergistically with GH-releasing hormone.
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The acute GH release stimulated by the synthetic hexapeptide, His-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 [GH releasing peptide (GHRP)], was determined in 18 normal men and compared with the effects of GH-releasing hormone, GHRH-(1-44)-NH2. Specificity of effect was assessed by measurement of serum PRL, LH, TSH, and cortisol. GHRP was administered at doses of 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 microgram/kg by iv bolus. GHRH at a dose of 1.0 microgram/kg was administered alone and together with various does of GHRP. No adverse clinical effects of laboratory abnormalities were observed in response to GHRP. A side-effect of mild facial flushing of 1- to 3-min duration occurred in 16 of the 18 subjects who received GHRH-(1-44)-NH2. Mean (+/- SEM) peak serum GH levels after injection of placebo and 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 microgram/kg GHRP were 1.2 +/- 0.3, 7.6 +/- 2.5, 16.5 +/- 4.1, and 68.7 +/- 15.5 micrograms/L, respectively. The submaximal dosages of 0.1 and 0.3 microgram/kg GHRP plus 1 microgram/kg GHRH stimulated GH release synergistically. Serum PRL and cortisol levels rose about 2-fold above basal levels only at the 1 microgram/kg dose of GHRP, and there were no changes in serum LH and TSH over the first hour after administration of the peptide(s). GHRP is a potent secretagogue of GH in normal men. Since GHRP and GHRH together stimulate GH release synergistically, these results suggest that GHRP and GHRH act independently. This supports our hypothesis that the GH-releasing activity of GHRP reflects a new physiological system in need of further characterization in animals and man.
|
['Adult', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Synergism', 'Growth Hormone', 'Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Oligopeptides', 'Prolactin', 'Thyrotropin', 'Time Factors']
| 2,108,187
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.860', 'D12.644.400.400.740.860', 'D12.644.548.365.740.860', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.860'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['D12.644.456'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and associated risk factors in Oromia Region of Ethiopia.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) caused by multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Oromia Region, Ethiopia.METHODS: A 6-month case-control study was performed in 2013-14. Sputum samples and standardized questionnaire data (demographics, treatment, TB contact history, underlying disease, history of imprisonment) were collected from cases with suspected MDR-TB aged ? 18 years. Sputum was processed locally in the Oromia Public Health Laboratory using standard techniques. Data from MDR-TB cases and TB-positive controls were compared using logistic regression analysis. For each factor, the association with outcome variables was estimated by calculating the odds ratio (OR) together with the 95% confidence interval (95% CI).RESULTS: Of 439 suspected MDR-TB cases, 265 had a confirmed M. tuberculosis infection, of whom 88 (33%) had laboratory-confirmed MDR-TB. Over two-thirds (65%) were between 18 and 39 years of age. On multivariate analysis, an occupation of farming, known TB contact history, alcohol use, HIV infection, previous known TB history, and previous TB treatment outcome were predictors of MDR-TB.CONCLUSIONS: The rate of MDR-TB was high among suspected cases in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Local MDR-TB detection capacity and local epidemiology studies are essential to detect MDR-TB and guide the use of the sparse resources to optimize MDR-TB control. If TB is suspected, the presence of any of the above factors should alert Oromia Region clinicians and public health professionals to screen for MDR-TB.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Ethiopia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Risk Factors', 'Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant', 'Young Adult']
| 26,327,121
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['Z01.058.290.120.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.775'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
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Adaptive changes in early and late blind: a FMRI study of verb generation to heard nouns.
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Literacy for blind people requires learning Braille. Along with others, we have shown that reading Braille activates visual cortex. This includes striate cortex (V1), i.e., banks of calcarine sulcus, and several higher visual areas in lingual, fusiform, cuneus, lateral occipital, inferior temporal, and middle temporal gyri. The spatial extent and magnitude of magnetic resonance (MR) signals in visual cortex is greatest for those who became blind early in life. Individuals who lost sight as adults, and subsequently learned Braille, still exhibited activity in some of the same visual cortex regions, especially V1. These findings suggest these visual cortex regions become adapted to processing tactile information and that this cross-modal neural change might support Braille literacy. Here we tested the alternative hypothesis that these regions directly respond to linguistic aspects of a task. Accordingly, language task performance by blind persons should activate the same visual cortex regions regardless of input modality. Specifically, visual cortex activity in blind people ought to arise during a language task involving heard words. Eight early blind, six late blind, and eight sighted subjects were studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during covert generation of verbs to heard nouns. The control task was passive listening to indecipherable sounds (reverse words) matched to the nouns in sound intensity, duration, and spectral content. Functional responses were analyzed at the level of individual subjects using methods based on the general linear model and at the group level, using voxel based ANOVA and t-test analyses. Blind and sighted subjects showed comparable activation of language areas in left inferior frontal, dorsolateral prefrontal, and left posterior superior temporal gyri. The main distinction was bilateral, left dominant activation of the same visual cortex regions previously noted with Braille reading in all blind subjects. The spatial extent and magnitude of responses was greatest on the left in early blind individuals. Responses in the late blind group mostly were confined to V1 and nearby portions of the lingual and fusiform gyri. These results confirm the presence of adaptations in visual cortex of blind people but argue against the notion that this activity during Braille reading represents somatosensory (haptic) processing. Rather, we suggest that these responses can be most parsimoniously explained in terms of linguistic operations. It remains possible that these responses represent adaptations which initially are for processing either sound or touch, but which are later generalized to the other modality during acquisition of Braille reading skills.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Blindness', 'Brain', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Verbal Behavior', 'Visual Cortex', 'Visual Pathways']
| 12,466,452
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['F01.145.209.908'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['A08.612.220.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of glucagon infusion on plasma cyclic AMP in patients with cholestatic hepatitis and obstructive jaundice. New test of hepatic cholestasis.
|
Plasma cyclic AMP concentration during glucagon infusion at various time intervals was determined in 8 normal subjects, 9 patients with extrahepatic obstructive jaundice and 10 patients with cholestatic hepatitis (hepatitis A and B). Plasma cyclic AMP concentrations (pmol/ml) during glucagon infusion in patients with both obstructive jaundice and cholestatic hepatitis were found to be greater than those in control subjects. In addition, a significant difference in plasma cyclic AMP concentrations was found between patients with cholestatic hepatitis and obstructive jaundice at the 10th minute of glucagon infusion. These results indicate that plasma cyclic AMP levels at the 10th minute of glucagon infusion represent a reliable diagnostic index of cholestatic jaundice.
|
['Cholestasis', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Glucagon', 'Hepatitis', 'Hepatitis A', 'Hepatitis B', 'Humans']
| 192,491
|
[['C06.130.120.135'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['E01.171'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['C06.552.380'], ['C01.925.440.420', 'C01.925.782.687.359.500', 'C06.552.380.705.422'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Presence and possible role of c-ras and nuclear (c-fos and c-jun) proto-oncogene products in preimplantation embryonic development in mice.
|
The presence and possible role of products of nuclear (c-fos and c-jun) and c-ras proto-oncogenes were investigated in preimplantation embryonic development in mice. Polyclonal antibodies to c-fos or c-jun proto-oncogene products did not affect development of in vitro-cultured embryos from two-cell to morula or from morula to late blastocyst stages. However, v-H-ras monoclonal antibody (mAb) to c-ras protein (p21), although it did not inhibit the development of in vitro-cultured embryos from two-cell to morula stages, it significantly (P < .001-.005) inhibited the development of morula to late blastocyst stages in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of v-H-ras mAb were specific, since immunoabsorption with synthetic ras peptide completely blocked inhibitory effects of v-H-ras mAb. Neither c-fos nor c-jun antibodies reacted with specific proteins corresponding to c-fos (62 kDa) and c-jun (39 kDa) products on the Western blots of various murine ova/embryos extracts. However, the c-fos and c-jun antibodies reacted with 62 and 39 kDa protein bands, respectively, on the blot of NIH 3T3 cells extract. The v-H-ras mAb specifically identified 21 +/- 3 kDa protein corresponding to c-ras p21 on the blots of early as well as late blastocyst extracts. The rat control ascites IgG1 did not react with any protein band on the blots of various ova/embryo extracts. The reactions of v-H-ras mAb on the Western blots of blastocyst extracts were specific, since immunoabsorbed antibody was unable to react with any specific band on blots of early or late blastocyst extract. These results were further confirmed by immunoprecipitation procedure utilizing v-H-ras mAb. Again, the v-H-ras mAb immunoprecipitated a 21 kDa band from early as well as late blastocyst extracts. The rat control ascites IgG1 did not react with any band corresponding to p21 in the immunoprecipitation procedure. These results suggest that the specific products of nuclear proto-oncogenes, the c-fos and c-jun, are not detected in murine ova and preimplantation embryos, and the respective antibodies do not inhibit embryogenesis, indicating that they may not play a major role in early embryonic development. On the other hand, the product of c-ras proto-oncogene is specifically expressed in the blastocyst-stage embryos and may have a possible role in preimplantation embryonic development in mice.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blotting, Western', 'Culture Techniques', 'Embryonic Development', 'Embryonic and Fetal Development', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Morula', 'Ovum', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'Rats']
| 8,286,110
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.481.500'], ['G07.345.500.325.180', 'G08.686.784.170.104'], ['G07.345.500.325', 'G08.686.784.170'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A16.615'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.260.108.765', 'D12.776.624.664.700.179', 'D12.776.660.760', 'D12.776.930.127.765'], ['D12.776.260.108.820', 'D12.776.624.664.700.182', 'D12.776.660.763', 'D12.776.930.127.820'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of expression of flagella by Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium by monoclonal antibodies recognising both phase specific and common epitopes.
|
Monoclonal antibodies specific for phase 1 ("i" antigen), phase 2 ("1,2" antigen) and common epitopes of the flagellins of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium were raised. Having confirmed their specificity, the monoclonal antibodies were used to develop semi-quantitative ELISAs in order to assess the relative expression of the two phases by strains of Typhimurium. The majority of Typhimurium strains representative of a wide cross-section of definitive types from animal and environmental sources preferentially expressed phase 1 antigen in vitro. DT40 strains were unique in expressing phase 2 preferentially. The ratio of phase 1 to phase 2 expressed by strains tended to be constant for any one strain when strains were grown on a number of conventional laboratory media. However, the ratio of phases was shown to be modulated by incubation at 42 degrees C and buffering media at pH values, notably 4.5, other than neutral. Selenite broth and Rambach media repressed flagellation.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epitopes', 'Flagella', 'Flagellin', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Salmonella typhimurium']
| 11,118,742
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.161'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D23.050.550'], ['A11.284.180.290'], ['D12.776.097.380'], ['G02.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Therapeutic play: developing humor in the nurse-patient relationship.
|
Although there has been considerable discussion on the therapeutic aspects of humor in the nurse-patient relationship, little is known about the experience of humor in actual nurse-patient relationships. This naturalistic study was conducted using grounded theory methodology with participant observation, utilizing in-depth interviews of participants in nurse-patient dyadic relationships in a suburban metropolitan New York acute care hospital. The core process was identified as Therapeutic Play, in which humor involves caring for self or another. This study offers nurses and others involved in professional relationships an explanation of the development of humor as an alternative healing-caring strategy.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Attitude to Health', 'Communication', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Urban', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New York', "Nurse's Role", 'Nurse-Patient Relations', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Play Therapy', 'Qualitative Research', 'Role Playing', 'Trust', 'Wit and Humor as Topic']
| 14,639,778
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['N02.278.421.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['F01.829.401.650.600', 'N05.300.660.560'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['E02.190.888.625', 'F04.754.664'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E02.190.525.781.653', 'F04.754.864.581.679.653'], ['F01.829.401.825'], ['F01.100.960', 'K01.517.946']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphoribose is an endogenous TRPM2 superagonist.
|
Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a ligand-gated Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel. Whereas physiological stimuli, such as chemotactic agents, evoke controlled Ca2+ signals via TRPM2, pathophysiological stimuli such as reactive oxygen species and genotoxic stress result in prolonged TRPM2-mediated Ca2+ entry and, consequently, apoptosis. To date, adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose (ADPR) has been assumed to be the main agonist for TRPM2. Here we show that 2'-deoxy-ADPR was a significantly better TRPM2 agonist, inducing 10.4-fold higher whole-cell currents at saturation. Mechanistically, this increased activity was caused by a decreased rate of inactivation and higher average open probability. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry, we detected endogenous 2'-deoxy-ADPR in Jurkat T lymphocytes. Consistently, cytosolic nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 (NMNAT-2) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-glycohydrolase CD38 sequentially catalyzed the synthesis of 2'-deoxy-ADPR from nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and 2'-deoxy-ATP in vitro. Thus, 2'-deoxy-ADPR is an endogenous TRPM2 superagonist that may act as a cell signaling molecule.
|
['ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1', 'Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Clusterin', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Molecular Structure', 'Signal Transduction']
| 28,671,679
|
[['D08.811.277.450.430.400.060.500', 'D12.776.543.550.045'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124.070.125', 'D09.408.620.569.070.125', 'D13.695.667.138.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.068.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.708.070.125'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D12.776.395.207', 'D12.776.580.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vessels of intraocular malignant melanomas.
|
The vessel walls of six malignant choroidal melanomas were thin; only thin basal membranes and narrow endothelial linings could be observed with the electron microscope. The endothelium was even absent in some places. Tumor cells were released into the bloodstream through disruptions of the vessel walls in the epithelioid and spindle cell B type tumors.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Choroid Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Middle Aged']
| 484,673
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effectiveness of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia--a long-term follow-up study.
|
OBJECTIVES: Medical treatment of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia with oral progestogens has limited efficacy and poor compliance. A levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) has been shown to successfully treat hyperplasia in small-sized studies. Our aim was to examine the effectiveness of LNG-IUS in a larger study with long-term follow up.STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational study of 105 women diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia and treated with LNG-IUS between 1999 and 2004 at a University Teaching hospital. Baseline characteristics and outpatient endometrial Pipelle sampling were undertaken at 3 and 6 months post LNG-IUS insertion and 6-monthly intervals thereafter in all cases. Outcome included histological data derived from both Pipelle and uterine histologies at 1 and 2 years LNG-IUS therapy.RESULTS: LNG-IUS achieved endometrial regression in 90% (94/105) of cases by 2 years, with a significant proportion (96%, 90/94) achieving this within 1 year. Regression occurred in 88/96 (92%) of non-atypical and 6/9 (67%) of atypical hyperplasias, and in all 22 cases of endometrial hyperplasia associated with HRT. Regression rates did not differ between histological types of hyperplasia. Twenty-three women (22%) underwent hysterectomy of which 13 were indicated and 10 were performed at patient request despite regressed endometrium. Two cases of cancer (one uterine and one ovarian) were identified.CONCLUSION: LNG-IUS is highly effective in treating endometrial hyperplasia. Beneficial effects are observed by the majority within 1 year. Treatment can be reliably monitored through regular 6-montly outpatient endometrial Pipelle surveillance. LNG-IUS treatment of non-atypical hyperplasias is likely to reduce the number of hysterectomies performed in this subgroup.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Contraceptive Agents, Female', 'Endometrial Hyperplasia', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Intrauterine Devices, Medicated', 'Levonorgestrel', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Middle Aged', 'Progestins', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,440,693
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276'], ['C13.351.500.852.228'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E07.190.250.510.520'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.762.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.858'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical characteristics of Burkitt's lymphoma from three regions in Kenya.
|
OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) from three regions in Kenya at different altitudes with a view towards understanding the contribution of local environmental factors.DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study.SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital and seven provincial hospitals in Kenya.METHOD: Histologically proven cases of Burkitt's lymphoma in patients less than 16 years of age were clinically examined and investigated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: For every case the following parameters were documented: chief complaint(s); physical examination, specifically pallor, jaundice, oedema, lymphadenopathy, presence of masses, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Reports of evaluation of chest radiograph, abdominal ultrasound/scan, bone marrow aspiration, cerebral spinal fluid cytology, liver and kidney function tests, urinalysis, stool occult blood and full blood count results. Stage of disease was assigned A, B, C or D. Cases of BL from three provinces of Kenya with diverse geographical features were analysed: Central, Coast, and Western.RESULTS: This study documented 471 BL cases distributed as follows: Central 61 (males 39 and 22 females), M:F ratio 1.8:1; Coast 169 (111 males and 58 females), M:F ratio 1.9:1; and Western 241 (140 males and 101 females), M:F ratio 1.4:1. The major presenting complaints were: abdominal swelling--Central 36%, Coast 4% and Western 26%; swelling on the face--Central 31%, Coast 81% and Western 64%; and proptosis--Central 3%, Coast 1% and Western 9%. The mean duration of these complaints in weeks were Central 6.9, Coast 6.08, and Western 5.05. The initial physical finding was a tumour mass in 39%, 72% and 54% of cases for Central, Coast and Western respectively. Tumour stage at diagnosis was: stage A--Central 21%, Coast 43% and Western 34%; stage B--Central 10%, Coast 5% and Western 10%; stage C--Central 41%, Coast 34% and Western 30%; and stage D--Central 28%, Coast 17% and Western 26%. For the age and sex matched cases the results show that commonly involved sites were: abdomen--Central 35%, Coast 9% and Western 14%; jaw (mandible)--Central 24%, Coast 22% and Western 31%; maxilla--Central 6%, Coast 24% and Western 11%; and lymph nodes--Central 10%, Coast 4% and Western 8%. The disease stage was A--Central 33%, Coast 44% and Western 36%; stage B--Central 11%, Coast 10% and Western 27%; stage C--Central 39%, Coast 34% and Western 27%; and stage D--Central 21%, Coast 13% and Western 37%.CONCLUSION: This study shows that clinical features of childhood BL vary with geographical region. The variations are documented in proportion of jaw, maxilla, abdominal and lymph nodal sites involvement. The differences observed are potentially due to the local environmental factors within these provinces. BL cases from Western province had features, intermediate between endemic and sporadic. Coastal province BL cases were similar to endemic BL, while BL cases from Central province resembled more or less sporadic BL subtypes. Strategies to explain and investigate the local environmental factors associated with the observed differences may certainly contribute towards improved understanding and clinical management of BL.
|
['Abdominal Neoplasms', 'Adolescent', 'Age Distribution', 'Altitude', 'Burkitt Lymphoma', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Facial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Jaw Neoplasms', 'Kenya', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Male', 'Maxilla', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sex Distribution', 'Topography, Medical', 'Tropical Climate']
| 16,619,689
|
[['C04.588.033'], ['M01.060.057'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['G16.500.275.058', 'N06.230.058'], ['C01.925.256.466.313.165', 'C01.925.928.313.165', 'C04.557.386.480.150.165', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.165', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.165'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.171'], ['C04.588.443.392'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.149.721.450', 'C05.116.231.754.450', 'C05.500.499', 'C07.320.515'], ['Z01.058.290.120.400'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['H01.277.500.097.500', 'H02.403.352.500'], ['G16.500.275.071.600', 'N06.230.300.100.250.600']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
NKp46 Receptor-Mediated Interferon-ã Production by Natural Killer Cells Increases Fibronectin 1 to Alter Tumor Architecture and Control Metastasis.
|
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells, and their presence within human tumors correlates with better prognosis. However, the mechanisms by which NK cells control tumors in vivo are unclear. Here, we used reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) imaging in humans and in mice to visualize tumor architecture in vivo. We demonstrated that signaling via the NK cell receptor NKp46 (human) and Ncr1 (mouse) induced interferon-ã (IFN-ã) secretion from intratumoral NK cells. NKp46- and Ncr1-mediated IFN-ã production led to the increased expression of the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin 1 (FN1) in the tumors, which altered primary tumor architecture and resulted in decreased metastases formation. Injection of IFN-ã into tumor-bearing mice or transgenic overexpression of Ncr1 in NK cells in mice resulted in decreased metastasis formation. Thus, we have defined a mechanism of NK cell-mediated control of metastases in vivo that may help develop NK cell-dependent cancer therapies.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Ly', 'Blotting, Western', 'Female', 'Fibronectins', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasms', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction']
| 29,329,948
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.920', 'D23.101.100.920'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.895.750.100'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Altered intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis: implications in diabetes and metabolic abnormalities.
|
Intestinal dysbiosis and its functional implications in chronic pancreatitis (CP) have not been elaborately studied. We evaluated the taxonomic and functional alterations in intestinal microbiota in 30 well-characterised patients with CP (16 without, 14 with diabetes) and 10 healthy controls. The patients with CP and diabetes had significantly longer disease duration and greater degree of malnutrition. There was increase in plasma endotoxin concentrations from controls to CP non-diabetics to CP diabetics. We observed significant differences in richness and alpha diversity between the groups. We also observed increase in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio in CP patients without and with diabetes. There was reduction in abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Ruminococcus bromii from controls to CP non-diabetics to CP diabetics. On the other hand, there was increase in LPS (endotoxin) synthetic pathways (KEGG orthology) in the groups. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance correlated negatively with plasma endotoxin and glycemic status; while plasma endotoxin correlated positively with blood glucose and negatively with plasma insulin. Our results have important implications for future studies exploring mechanistic insights on secondary diabetes in CP.
|
['Adult', 'Biodiversity', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Disease Progression', 'Dysbiosis', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metabolic Diseases', 'Metagenome', 'Metagenomics', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatitis, Chronic']
| 28,255,158
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C23.550.308'], ['G03.295'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452'], ['G05.360.340.550'], ['H01.158.273.343.350.261'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.689.750.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pagetoid reticulosis with CD30 positivity and cytotoxic/suppressor cells.
|
Pagetoid reticulosis (PR) is a low-grade primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that usually presents as a solitary, slowly enlarging erythematous or hyperkeratotic plaque on the distal areas of the extremities. Histopathologically, it is characterized by a dense, band-like infiltrate of atypical lymphocytes with prominent epidermotropism within a hyperplastic epidermis, and immunophenotypic studies show in most cases, a CD4-positive T-helper phenotype for the neoplastic lymphocytes. We describe an African man with a more than 20-year history of an acral lesion of PR, which was histopathologically characterized by lymphocyte immunophenotype consisting of CD8- and CD30-positive cells. We discuss the differential diagnosis with other primary cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders showing similar immunophenotype. This case shows that CD30-positive PR should be included as a rare variant within the spectrum of CD30-positive primary cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders. As in other primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative processes, lesions of CD30-positive PR show an indolent course and a benign biological behavior.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Biopsy', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Ki-1 Antigen', 'Lymphatic Diseases', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous', 'Male', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic']
| 17,640,236
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.072', 'D23.050.285.025', 'D23.101.140.055'], ['C15.604'], ['C04.557.386.480.750.800', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750.800', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750.800'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The immunoglobulin light chain related protein lambda 5 is expressed on the surface of mouse pre-B cell lines and can function as a signal transducing molecule.
|
Abelson Leukemia Virus-transformed mouse cell lines with an early pre-B phenotype carry partially rearranged or unrearranged Ig-H genes and consequently do not express intact IgM-H protein (mu protein). Such early mu- pre-B cells express an intracellular protein complex of the pre-B cell specific 22 kDa protein lambda 5 and a 16 kDa protein designated p16. Late pre-B cell lines which carry a rearranged IgM-H chain gene in which a continuous translational reading frame has been established in the fused V-D-J element express intact mu-protein, which forms an intracellular complex with lambda 5 and p16. We show here that both the lambda 5/p16 or the mu/lambda 5/p16 complexes can be immunoprecipitated from lysates of cells surface labeled with 125I. Thus early pre-B cells express the lambda 5/p16 complex on the cell surface in the absence of mu protein, while mu+ late pre-B cells express a surface mu/lambda 5/p16 complex. To investigate a possible signal transduction function of the lambda 5/p16 and mu/lambda 5/p16 complexes on the surface of pre-B cell lines we measured the changes in intracellular free Ca2+ after treatment of cells with anti-lambda 5 or anti-mu antibodies. Two mu- early pre-B cell lines showed a rapid and transient increase in intracellular free Ca2+ when incubated with anti-lambda 5 antibodies but not when incubated with anti-mu, while the mu+ late pre-B cell line CB32 showed a rapid and transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ after incubation with anti-lambda 5 or anti-mu. These results show that both the lambda 5/p16 and the mu/lambda 5/p16 cell surface protein complexes can transduce an external signal to the inside of the cell, which implicates these complexes in the regulation of pre-B cell physiology.
|
['Animals', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Line, Transformed', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains', 'Immunoglobulin mu-Chains', 'Mice', 'Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell', 'Signal Transduction']
| 1,760,407
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['A11.251.210.172'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750.550', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750.550', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750.550'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.705.500.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.500.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.124.790.651.950', 'D12.776.377.715.548.950', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.821'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inconsistencies in Neanderthal genomic DNA sequences.
|
Two recently published papers describe nuclear DNA sequences that were obtained from the same Neanderthal fossil. Our reanalyses of the data from these studies show that they are not consistent with each other and point to serious problems with the data quality in one of the studies, possibly due to modern human DNA contaminants and/or a high rate of sequencing errors.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'DNA', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Fossils', 'Hominidae', 'Humans', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Population Density', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Time Factors']
| 17,937,503
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G05.365.795'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Antibacterial activity of LCB01-0062, a novel oxazolidinone.
|
LCB01-0062, a novel oxazolidinone, has potent antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Gram-positive bacteria. The in vitro activity of LCB01-0062 was compared with that of linezolid, oxacillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin. Among the tested agents, LCB01-0062 showed the most potent antibacterial activity against meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, meticillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. LCB01-0062 was 4-8-fold more active than linezolid, the first oxazolidinone drug, against Gram-positive bacteria. The time-kill curves of LCB01-0062 were analysed at concentrations of 0.5?, 1?, 2?, 4? and 8? the minimum inhibitory concentration against S. aureus strains. LCB01-0062 showed bacteriostatic activity during 24 h. LCB01-0062 was also more effective than linezolid against S. aureus in a systemic mouse model of infection.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Microbial Viability', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxazolidinones', 'Time Factors']
| 23,058,227
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['B03.440'], ['B03.510'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G06.580'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D03.383.129.462.600'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of mood state on anticipatory postural adjustments.
|
Static postural control has been demonstrated to link with psychological state. However, the effect of psychological state on dynamic postural control remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of mood state on anticipatory postural adjustment (APA), one of the most important functions for dynamic postural control. Fourteen healthy male subjects performed unilateral arm elevation tasks after completing a Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. Mood state measured by POMS and the latency or amplitude of the APA in the ventral muscles (rectus femoris, tibialis anterior) of the lower limb showed significant negative correlations. The correlation between the mood state and APA amplitude in the soleus was found to be significantly positive. There were significant negative correlations between the mood state and reaction-time. These findings suggest that it is possible that dynamic postural control is affected by mood state.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adult', 'Affect', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Movement', 'Postural Balance', 'Posture', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 15,489,019
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['G11.427.695'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Human amniotic fluid stem cells possess the potential to differentiate into primordial follicle oocytes in vitro.
|
Previous reports have demonstrated that embryonic stem cells were capable of differentiating into primordial germ cells through the formation of embryoid bodies that subsequently generated oocyte-like cells (OLCs). Such a process could facilitate studies of primordial follicle oocyte development in vitro and regenerative medicine. To investigate the pluripotency of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) and their ability to differentiate into germ cells, we isolated a CD117(+)/CD44(+) hAFSC line that showed fibroblastoid morphology and intrinsically expressed both stem cell markers (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2) and germ cell markers (DAZL, STELLA). To encourage differentiation into OLCs, the hAFSCs were first cultured in a medium supplemented with 5% porcine follicular fluid for 10 days. During the induction period, cell aggregates formed and syntheses of steroid hormones were detected; some OLCs and granulosa cell-like cells could be loosened from the surface of the culture dish. Cell aggregates were collected and replated in oocyte culture medium for an additional 7-10 days. OLCs ranging from 50 to 120 ìm presenting zona pellucida were observed in cumulus-oocyte complexes; some OLCs developed spontaneously into multicell structures similar to preimplantation embryos. Approximately 2% of the hAFSCs differentiated to meiotic germ cells that expressed folliculogenesis- and oogenesis-associated markers. Although the in vitro maturation and fertilization potentials are as yet unproven, short-term (<25 days) and high-efficiency (>2%) derivation of OLCs from hAFSCs might provide a new approach to the study of human germ cell development in vitro.
|
['Amniotic Fluid', 'Animals', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Lineage', 'Culture Media', 'Embryoid Bodies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Oocytes', 'Oogenesis', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Parthenogenesis', 'Pregnancy', 'Stem Cells', 'Sus scrofa']
| 24,571,984
|
[['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.172', 'G07.345.500.325.180.500', 'G08.686.155', 'G08.686.784.170.104.249'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['A11.872.700.250.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['G04.152.650.249', 'G08.686.784.310.500'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['G08.686.784.830.500', 'G15.547'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['A11.872'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880.399']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reflex myoclonus in cortical-basal ganglionic degeneration involves a transcortical pathway.
|
The short-latency reflex myoclonus that appears to be characteristic of cortical-basal ganglionic degeneration (CBGD) was investigated in two patients. Stimulating the digital nerves of the middle finger caused exaggerated reflex activity in the first dorsal interosseus (FDI) muscle of that hand with a latency of 46-51 ms. Magnetic stimulation over the contralateral cortex, delivered 25 ms after the digital nerve stimulus, resulted in greater than expected facilitation of FDI, implying spatial summation. Poststimulus time histograms (PSTH) of individual FDI motor units indicated that this spatial summation was occurring "upstream" from the motoneurons. It is argued that this occurs at the motor cortex. Magnetic stimulation over the cortex in normal subjects results in short-latency facilitation of the contralateral motoneurons followed by inhibition. This inhibition was less in the patients with CBGD. It is argued that this results from the loss of an intrinsic cortical and corticothalamic inhibitory mechanism.
|
['Aged', 'Basal Ganglia', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetics', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myoclonus', 'Nerve Degeneration', 'Temporal Lobe']
| 9,159,731
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.671.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.597.350.500', 'C23.888.592.350.500'], ['C23.550.737'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of an International Pharmacopoeia method for the analysis of saquinavir (mesilate) bulk drugs by liquid chromatography.
|
A single gradient LC method for the determination of related substances in both saquinavir (SQV), saquinavir mesilate (SQVM) has been published in a consultation document of the International Pharmacopoeia, WHO Drug Information. The method uses a base deactivated reversed phase C18 column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.), 5 microm kept at a temperature of 30 degrees C. The mobile phases consist of acetonitrile, methanol, phosphate buffer pH 3.4 and water. The flow rate is 1.0 ml/min. UV detection is performed at 220 nm. A system suitability test (SST) is described to govern the quality of the separation. The separation towards SQV(M) components was investigated on 18 C18 columns and correlation was made with the column classification system developed in our laboratory. The method was evaluated using a Hypersil BDS C18 column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.), 5 microm. A central composite design was applied to examine the robustness of the method. The method shows good precision, linearity, sensitivity and robustness. SQV(M) commercial samples of bulk drugs were examined using this method.
|
['Algorithms', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Pharmacopoeias as Topic', 'Reference Standards', 'Regression Analysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Saquinavir', 'Solutions']
| 17,034,978
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['L01.178.682.192.836.749'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D03.633.100.531.770', 'D03.633.100.810.900'], ['D26.776']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The influence of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy on submental-cervical aesthetics.
|
The effect of orthodontic-surgical treatment on submental-cervical region was evaluated in a very limited number of studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate submental-cervical soft tissue contour changes following mandibular advancement and set-back procedures via bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Sixty-seven patients were included in this study. Group 1 consisted of 27 skeletal Class II patients who underwent mandibular advancement surgery, whereas Group 2 consisted of 40 skeletal Class III patients who underwent mandibular set-back surgery. Various linear and angular measurements were performed on pre-operative and sixth month post-operative cephalometric radiographs. A new method was used to evaluate the amount of sagging at submental region. The submental length did not change in Group 1; however, it decreased significantly in Group 2 (P < 0·05). The angle between submental plane and facial plane decreased to 95·9° from 98·8° in Group 1(P < 0·05), whereas it increased to 93·1° from 88·2° in Group2 (P < 0·05). The change of submental soft tissue sag was almost stable in Group 1, while 0·34 mm increase of sag was observed in Group 2. This increase was not statistically significant (P > 0·05). Mandibular set-back and advancement procedures do not remarkably change the submental sag following approximately 6 mm jaw movement. Although mandibular advancement did not significantly effect submental length, soft tissue followed mandibular set-back with a ratio of 1:1 at C-point to projection of soft tissue pogonion and 1:0·7 at C-point to soft tissue menton distances.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Chin', 'Esthetics, Dental', 'Face', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Mandibular Advancement', 'Orthognathic Surgical Procedures', 'Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 24,946,129
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A01.456.505.259', 'A02.835.232.781.324.502.632.130', 'A14.521.632.300'], ['E06.420'], ['A01.456.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['E04.545.500', 'E06.645.500', 'E06.658.280'], ['E04.545.562', 'E04.555.580.289', 'E06.645.562'], ['E04.545.637', 'E04.555.580.790', 'E06.645.637'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Novel axonal distribution of neurofilament-H phosphorylated at the glycogen synthase kinase 3beta-phosphorylation site in its E-segment.
|
The Ser493 residue in the E-segment of the rat neurofilament heavy chain (NF-H) is phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3 beta) in vitro and in spinal cord. We examined Ser493 phosphorylation by analyzing developmental changes and cellular distribution of phospho-Ser493 using phosphorylation-site-specific antibodies. This residue was phosphorylated in NF-H prepared from human, rat, and mouse spinal cord, all species in which the amino acid sequence of NF-H is known. Phosphorylated Ser493 appeared on postnatal day 2 in rat brain, at the same time when NF-H is first detected. It gradually increased together with the increase in total NF-H during brain development. Phospho-Ser493 was detected on the phosphorylated form of NF-H at multiple Lys-Ser-Pro (KSP) repeats, which are distributed mainly in axons. In rat ventral horn, phosphorylated Ser493 was localized in axons but not in cell bodies or dendrites. However, the distributions of phosphorylated Ser493 and KSP phosphorylation in axons were not identical. Ser493 was continuously phosphorylated at nodes of Ranvier, whereas the KSP sites were dephosphorylated. Ser493 was also phosphorylated in unmyelinated regions of optic nerve axons. A biochemical difference in phosphorylation between Ser493 and KSP repeats was also found; the subtle phosphorylation at Ser493 was detected in NF-H unphosphorylated at the KSP repeats by immunoblotting cerebral cortex extracts. These results indicate that Ser493 in the NF-H E-segment is a novel site that is phosphorylated in both the myelinated and the unmyelinated regions of axons.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Axons', 'Blotting, Western', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neurofilament Proteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Rats', 'Serine']
| 19,530,163
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['D05.500.117.875', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625', 'D12.644.360.300.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875', 'D12.776.476.300.500'], ['D05.500.117.875.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625.500', 'D12.644.360.300.500.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875.500', 'D12.776.476.300.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D05.750.078.593.630', 'D12.776.220.475.630', 'D12.776.631.630'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.125.154.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in Dutch children, and the detection of overweight and obesity using international criteria and new reference diagrams].
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Dutch children in 1980 and 1997 according to international criteria, and to design new reference diagrams for overweight and obesity in children.DESIGN: Descriptive.METHOD: The prevalence of overweight and obesity, based on height and weight data from the Fourth Dutch Growth Study (1997), was determined according to international criteria for age and sex.RESULTS: In 1997, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased in both boys and girls compared to 1980: in 1997, the prevalence of overweight ranged between 7.1 and 15.5% for boys, and between 8.2 and 16.1% for girls. Both the prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in girls than in boys.CONCLUSION: By applying the international criteria for overweight and obesity and reference growth diagrams based upon the 1997 Dutch growth study, the prevention and detection of overweight and obesity has to be implemented with vigour in Dutch youth health care.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Body Mass Index', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Netherlands', 'Obesity', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prevalence', 'Reference Standards', 'Reference Values', 'Sampling Studies', 'Sex Distribution']
| 11,475,021
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.372.875', 'N05.715.360.330.875', 'N06.850.520.450.875'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Syndrome distribution among patients with chronic hepatitis C and interventions of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine: study protocol].
|
BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis C is one of the major causes of end-stage liver disease with a high incidence rate, amounting to a grave and serious problem of public health. Currently, interferon-based (with or without ribavirin) antiviral therapy has limited use due to its stringent indications, possible contraindications and side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may have advantages in the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and it is of significant value to discover the advantages. Through this research, a safe and effective treatment protocol of TCM or integrated TCM and Western medicine for chronic hepatitis C can be formed. To this end, during China's Eleventh Five-Year Plan, special research projects on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), viral hepatitis and the other major infectious diseases were established. Our studies on chronic hepatitis C constitute one of the major special research topics.METHODS AND DESIGN: Clinical information of patients with chronic hepatitis C will be first collected in a large, multicenter epidemiological survey. Positive symptoms will be analyzed by rapid cluster analysis, principal constituent analysis and factor analysis, and syndrome types will be diagnosed based on expert advice. Concurrently, a large, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group prospective study will be launched based on evidence-based medical principles to evaluate the effects and safety of the treatment protocol for chronic hepatitis C. The evaluated indexes will include the normalization rate of liver function, virological improvement and quality of life improvement for the short-term efficacy and the incidence of liver cirrhosis and (or) primary liver cancer and mortality for the long-term efficacy.DISCUSSION: This study will investigate the TCM syndrome differentiation norms and the syndrome distribution rules of chronic hepatitis C and evaluate the efficacy and safety of a treatment protocol for chronic hepatitis C based on TCM theory or combined treatment of TCM and Western medicine. The study results will be helpful to developing a TCM treatment program for chronic hepatitis C.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The research program was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry in English and Chinese in January 2010.REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR-TRC-10000770.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antiviral Agents', 'China', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Female', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Interferons', 'Male', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'Middle Aged', 'Multicenter Studies as Topic', 'Prospective Studies', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Ribavirin', 'Social Planning', 'Young Adult']
| 21,486,548
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.658', 'N05.715.360.330.643', 'N06.850.520.450.643'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['D13.570.800.790'], ['I01.880.709'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Leadership, Longevity, and Leaning In: An Interview With Mary Jo (Joey) Bulfin.
|
This column profiles Mary Jo Bulfin, MBA, RN, CENP, chief executive officer of St. Mary's Medical Center, West Palm Beach, Florida. Ms Bulfin began her career as a staff nurse in the organization where she is now the CEO and discusses her career path and lessons learned.
|
['Career Mobility', 'Florida', 'Humans', 'Leadership', 'Longevity', 'Nurse Administrators', "Nurse's Role"]
| 29,794,593
|
[['N01.824.245.175', 'N01.824.547.330'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.609'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['M01.526.070.670', 'M01.526.485.650.580', 'N02.360.650.580'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[25 years Cardona keratoprosthesis after severe chemical eye burns--long-term outcome of 4 eyes].
|
BACKGROUND: A keratoprosthesis should be implanted only in such eyes, in which a risk-keratoplasty (HLA-typified) was unsuccessful. However, the keratoprosthesis is an ultima ratio procedure.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 25 years ago a modified keratoprosthesis according to Cardona was implanted in 2 patients in 4 eyes with very heavy alkali burns. Complications are described in a 25-years follow up in all of the 4 eyes. The loss of visual acuity was the first alarm sign for each complication. Reversible epicorneal complications are: epithelium over-running in front of the prosthesis, retraction of mucosa, lyophilized sclera including fistulation and dislocation or extrusion of the prosthesis. The opposite of the epithelium over-running was the development of a retro-prosthetic membrane as a sign for over-running inside. Severe (intraocular) complications were: macular oedema and choriodal detachment in bulbar hypotension, vitreal haemorrhage, retinal detachement and exacerbation of a secondary glaucoma. An endophthalmitis and later a phthisis bulbi were observed due to a permanent fistulation.RESULTS: Exactly after 25 years the visual acuity is in both patients: patient 1: 0.6 p and amaurosis; patient 2: 1.3 p and 0.8 p. The visual field is limited by the keratoprosthesis usually to 30 to 40 degrees, in our both eyes with secondary glaucoma the visual field was reduced to 10 and 25 degrees.CONCLUSIONS: Bad auspices bring many complications and many operations. The patients should be sent back to the surgeons very early. Besides, a psychological guidance is important for the patients.
|
['Aged', 'Burns, Chemical', 'Cornea', 'Corneal Injuries', 'Eye Burns', 'Eye, Artificial', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prosthesis Implantation', 'Visual Acuity', 'Visual Fields']
| 10,820,703
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C26.200.156'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['C10.900.300.284.250.124', 'C11.204.284', 'C11.297.374', 'C26.915.300.425.250.124'], ['C10.900.300.284.250.250', 'C26.200.503', 'C26.915.300.425.250.250'], ['E07.695.225'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.650'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Refining the predictive pursuit endophenotype in schizophrenia.
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BACKGROUND: To utilize fully a schizophrenia endophenotype in gene search and subsequent neurobiological studies, it is critical that the precise underlying physiologic deficit is identified. Abnormality in smooth pursuit eye movements is one of the endophenotypes of schizophrenia. The precise nature of the abnormality is unknown. Previous work has shown a reduced predictive pursuit response to a briefly masked (i.e., invisible) moving object in schizophrenia. However, the overt awareness of target removal can confound the measurement.METHODS: This study employed a novel method that covertly stabilized the moving target image onto the fovea. The foveal stabilization was implemented after the target on a monitor had oscillated at least for one cycle and near the change of direction when the eye velocity momentarily reached zero. Thus, the subsequent pursuit eye movements were completely predictive and internally driven. Eye velocity during this foveally stabilized smooth pursuit was compared among schizophrenia patients (n = 45), their unaffected first-degree relatives (n = 42), and healthy comparison subjects (n = 22).RESULTS: Schizophrenia patients and their unaffected relatives performed similarly and both had substantially reduced predictive pursuit acceleration and velocity under the foveally stabilized condition.CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that inability to maintain internal representation of the target motion or integration of such information into a predictive response may be the specific brain deficit indexed by the smooth pursuit endophenotype in schizophrenia. Similar performance between patients and unaffected relatives suggests that the refined predictive pursuit measure may index a less complex genetic origin of the eye-tracking deficits in schizophrenia families.
|
['Adult', 'Attention', 'Awareness', 'Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale', 'Female', 'Genetic Testing', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motion Perception', 'Perceptual Masking', 'Phenotype', 'Pursuit, Smooth', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Schizotypal Personality Disorder']
| 17,662,963
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['F04.711.513.653.083'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['F02.463.593.071.594', 'F02.463.593.932.733', 'G07.888.125.594'], ['G05.695'], ['G14.350.453'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['F03.675.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole and time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the screening and identification of the main flavonoids and their metabolites in rats after oral administration of Cirsium japonicum DC. extract.
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RATIONALE: Cirsium japonicum DC., a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to have anti-haemorrhagic and anti-tumour effects. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that this curative effect may be related to flavonoids. The present work aimed to screen and identify the main flavonoids and their corresponding metabolites in rats after oral administration of Cirsium japonicum DC. extract.METHODS: A rapid and simple method based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS) was developed for the identification of the primary absorbing components and metabolites of the principal flavonoids. The absorbing components were first characterized, followed by the selection of representative constituents. In this study, the main flavonoids, pectolinarin, linarin and pectolinarigenin, were selected as templates to identify possible metabolites.RESULTS: A total of 27 metabolites were detected in rat blood, urine and bile samples. A hydrolysis reaction was the first step for pectolinarin and linarin, followed by oxidation and reduction reactions. However, phase II metabolites for pectolinarin and linarin were not detected. The primary biotransformation routes of pectolinarigenin were identified as oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and glucuronide and glucose conjugation.CONCLUSIONS: The metabolic pathways of pectolinarin, linarin and pectolinarigenin were summarized. This study not only proposed a practical strategy for rapidly screening and identifying metabolites but also provided useful information for further pharmacological studies and the design of new drugs based on Cirsium japonicum DC.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cirsium', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Flavonoids', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 29,781,217
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.227'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The DEAD-Box RNA Helicase AtRH7/PRH75 Participates in Pre-rRNA Processing, Plant Development and Cold Tolerance in Arabidopsis.
|
DEAD-box RNA helicases belong to an RNA helicase family that plays specific roles in various RNA metabolism processes, including ribosome biogenesis, mRNA splicing, RNA export, mRNA translation and RNA decay. This study investigated a DEAD-box RNA helicase, AtRH7/PRH75, in Arabidopsis. Expression of AtRH7/PRH75 was ubiquitous; however, the levels of mRNA accumulation were increased in cell division regions and were induced by cold stress. The phenotypes of two allelic AtRH7/PRH75-knockout mutants, atrh7-2 and atrh7-3, resembled auxin-related developmental defects that were exhibited in several ribosomal protein mutants, and were more severe under cold stress. Northern blot and circular reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) analyses indicated that unprocessed 18S pre-rRNAs accumulated in the atrh7 mutants. The atrh7 mutants were hyposensitive to the antibiotic streptomycin, which targets ribosomal small subunits, suggesting that AtRH7 was also involved in ribosome assembly. In addition, the atrh7-2 and atrh7-3 mutants displayed cold hypersensitivity and decreased expression of CBF1, CBF2 and CBF3, which might be responsible for the cold intolerance. The present study indicated that AtRH7 participates in rRNA biogenesis and is also involved in plant development and cold tolerance in Arabidopsis.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Cell Division', 'Cold Temperature', 'DEAD-box RNA Helicases', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Phenotype', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Stems', 'RNA Precursors', 'RNA Splicing', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Seedlings', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 26,637,537
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720.249'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.695'], ['A18.024.812'], ['A18.400'], ['A18.024.937'], ['D13.400.730', 'D13.444.735.640'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A18.550', 'B01.650.819'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[HLA and sprue: a study of Sicilian families with celiac disease].
|
The authors have studied the HLA genotypes in 17 Sicilian coeliac children, in their parents and in their healthy brothers. A positive association has been found between coeliac disease (C.D.) and HLA antigens; this was strongest firstly for DQW2 and than for DR7 and DR3. Those antigens however do not result specific for C.D., because they were present in healty-control population too and because one coeliac patient was DQW2, DR7 and DR3 negative. A distortion of vertical transmission of HLA haplotypes has been observed in the studied patients, and this occurred for DR3/DQW2 that was transmitted mainly by paternal way. Moreover, in the healty brothers of our coeliac subjects a significant reduction of HLA antigens DQW2, DR7 and DR3 has not been found. Those observation and the finding that in our families the responsible gene for C.D. seems to have a low penetrance, should induce to search others genetic markers for coeliac disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Celiac Disease', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'HLA Antigens', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 2,075,098
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C06.405.469.637.250', 'C18.452.603.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The neutral posture of the cervical spine is not unique in human subjects.
|
Cervical spine injuries often happen in dynamic environments (e.g., sports and motor vehicle crashes) where individuals may be moving their head and neck immediately prior to impact. This motion may reposition the cervical vertebrae in a way that is dissimilar to the upright resting posture that is often used as the initial position in cadaveric studies of catastrophic neck injury. Therefore our aim was to compare the "neutral" cervical alignment measured using fluoroscopy of 11 human subjects while resting in a neutral posture and as their neck passed through neutral during the four combinations of active flexion and extension movements in both an upright and inverted posture. Muscle activation patterns were also measured unilaterally using surface and indwelling electromyography in 8 muscles and then compared between the different conditions. Overall, the head posture, cervical spine alignment and muscle activation levels were significantly different while moving compared to resting upright. Compared to the resting upright condition, average head postures were 6-13° more extended, average vertebral angles varied from 11° more extended to 10° more flexed, and average muscle activation levels varied from unchanged to 10% MVC more active, although the exact differences varied with both direction of motion and orientation. These findings are important for ex vivo testing where the head and neck are statically positioned prior to impact - often in an upright neutral posture with negligible muscle forces - and suggest that current cadaveric head-first impact tests may not reflect many dynamic injury environments.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Adult', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Fluoroscopy', 'Head', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Movement', 'Neck', 'Neck Injuries', 'Neck Muscles', 'Posture', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Young Adult']
| 30,170,839
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['A01.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['A01.598'], ['C26.700'], ['A02.633.567.650'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Paget's disease with temporal bone involvement, hypoacusis and vertigo. Apropos a case].
|
The Paget disease is a chronic osteodystrophy of unknown etiology, very frequent in 50 years of age and above. It's an anatomo-radiologic syndrome that sometimes, is accompanied by clinical symptoms. May be monostotic or polyostotic but never generalized. Occasionally it affects the temporal bone producing deafness, tinnitus and vertigo. We report a case with important temporal bone demineralization, deafness and vertigo.
|
['Audiometry, Pure-Tone', 'Electronystagmography', 'Hearing Loss, Bilateral', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteitis Deformans', 'Temporal Bone', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vertigo']
| 1,419,152
|
[['E01.370.382.375.060.055'], ['E01.370.380.230.280', 'E01.370.382.900.280', 'E01.370.405.245.787.280', 'E01.370.405.260'], ['C09.218.458.341.374', 'C10.597.751.418.341.374', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.692'], ['A02.835.232.781.885'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C09.218.568.900.883', 'C10.597.951', 'C23.888.592.958']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha inhibit expression of TGF-beta-1, its receptors TBETAR-I and TBETAR-II in the corpus luteum of PMSG/hCG treated rhesus monkey.
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The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine organ that secretes progesterone to support early pregnancy. Using in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and computer imaging analysis, we have investigated the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-beta 1) , its receptors, type I (TbetaR-I) and type II (TbetaR-II) as well as steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in the corpus luteum (CL) of the rhesus monkey at various stages of CL development. The CL was induced by injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG)/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The expression of TGF-beta 1, TbetaR-I and TbetaR-II as well as StAR was detected in the CL in a time-dependent manner, reaching the maximum levels on D10 (functional stage), and decreased on Day 18 (regression stage). Injection of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) at the functional stage of CL development significantly decreased the expression of StAR, as well as TGF-beta 1, and its receptors TbetaR-I and TbetaR-II. Our results suggest that TGF-beta 1 and its receptors may play an important regulatory role in maintaining CL function, and that IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha is capable of inhibiting their expression in the CL.
|
['Animals', 'Corpus Luteum', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Gonadotropins, Equine', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Pregnancy', 'Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Second Messenger Systems', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 15,970,512
|
[['B01.050'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.278', 'A06.300.312.497.278'], ['G05.297'], ['D06.472.699.322.451', 'D06.472.699.649.451', 'D12.644.548.726.451', 'D12.776.780.451'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.720', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.820'], ['G02.111.820.800', 'G04.835.800'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Projection of osteoporosis-related fractures and costs in China: 2010-2050.
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UNLABELLED: A state-transition microsimulation model was used to project the substantial economic burden to the Chinese healthcare system of osteoporosis-related fractures. Annual number and costs of osteoporosis-related fractures were estimated to double by 2035 and will increase to 5.99 (95 % CI 5.44, 6.55) million fractures costing $25.43 (95 % CI 23.92, 26.95) billion by 2050. Consequently, cost-effective intervention policies must urgently be identified in an attempt to minimize the impact of fractures.INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to project the osteoporosis-related fractures and costs for the Chinese population aged ?50 years from 2010 to 2050.METHODS: A state-transition microsimulation model was used to simulate the annual incident fractures and costs. The simulation was performed with a 1-year cycle length and from the Chinese healthcare system perspective. Incident fractures and annual costs were estimated from 100 unique patient populations for year 2010, by multiplying the age- and sex-specific annual fracture risks and costs of fracture by the corresponding population totals in each of the 100 categories. Projections for 2011-2050 were performed by multiplying the 2010 risks and costs of fracture by the respective annual population estimates. Costs were presented in 2013 US dollars.RESULTS: Approximately 2.33 (95 % CI 2.08, 2.58) million osteoporotic fractures were estimated to occur in 2010, costing $9.45 (95 % CI 8.78, 10.11) billion. Females sustained approximately three times more fractures than males, accounting for 76 % of the total costs from 1.85 (95 % CI 1.68, 2.01) million fractures. The annual number and costs of osteoporosis-related fractures were estimated to double by 2035 and will increase to 5.99 (95 % CI 5.44, 6.55) million fractures costing $25.43 (95 % CI 23.92, 26.95) billion by 2050.CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that osteoporosis-related fractures cause a substantial economic burden which will markedly increase over the coming decades. Consequently, healthcare resource planning must consider these increasing costs, and cost-effective screening and intervention policies must urgently be identified in an attempt to minimize the impact of fractures on the health of the burgeoning population as well as the healthcare budget.
|
['Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'China', 'Female', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Markov Chains', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Econometric', 'Osteoporosis', 'Osteoporotic Fractures', 'Prevalence', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sex Distribution']
| 25,761,729
|
[['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.600.500', 'E05.599.835.890.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.500.600.500'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['C26.404.545'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Emotion-processing deficit in alexithymia.
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College undergraduates were identified as alexithymic or control, based on their scores on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS; Taylor, Ryan, & Bagby, 1985). All subjects were presented standardized emotion-eliciting color slides for 6 s while facial muscle, heart rate, and skin conductance activity were recorded. Stimuli were presented a second time while subjects were asked to provide emotion self-reports using a paper-and-pencil version of the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM; Lang, 1980) and to generate a list of words describing their emotional reaction to each slide. Consistent with the definition of alexithymia as a syndrome characterized, in part, by a deficit in the identification of emotion states, high TAS subjects supplied fewer emotion-related words than did controls to describe their response to the slides. Alexithymics also indicated less variation along the arousal dimension of the SAM, produced fewer specific skin conductance responses and showed less heart rate deceleration to the slides, regardless of category. No valence-related differences between alexithymic and control subjects were noted.
|
['Adult', 'Affective Symptoms', 'Arousal', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Perceptual Disorders']
| 10,352,562
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.100'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['C10.597.606.762', 'C23.888.592.604.764', 'F01.700.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Immunodiffusion studies of some Nocardia strains.
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Forty-three strains of Nocardia, one of Actinomadura and two of Nocardiopsis were studied using the comparative immunodiffusion technique. Three reference precipitation systems were employed: one represented Nocardia asteroides N10, one N. asteroides ATCC 19247, and one N. otitidis-caviarum ATCC 14629. One tight cluster was formed by the N. otitidis-caviarum strains and another tight cluster was formed by some of the N. asteroides strains studied. However, other strains of N. asteroides were distinct from the latter cluster. Furthermore, N. asteroides ATCC 19247, which is the type strain, differed from most ot the N. asteroides strains tested. Strains of the species N. asteroides, N. brasiliensis, N. farcinica and N. otitidis-caviarum were found to be closely related, while N. amarae strains differed slightly from this group. The strains referred to Actinomadura and Nocardiopsis were clearly distinct from the three Nocardia reference strains; nevertheless, three antigens common to these genera were revealed.
|
['Antigens, Bacterial', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Nocardia', 'Nocardia asteroides']
| 6,798,166
|
[['D23.050.161'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['B03.510.024.981.550'], ['B03.510.024.981.550.550']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
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[Influence of copper, cadmium on growth and cation exchange capacity of two kinds of ectomycorrhizal funguses].
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Ectomycorrhizal fungus has the ability to enhance the growth of higher plants in the contaminated area, especially ruined by heavy metals. And much attention was focused on how the fungus could enhance the resistance of higher plants. We focused on the resistance of ectomycorrhizal fungus in vitro to heavy metals. In the first experiment, the mycelium biomasses of two ectomycorhizal funguses growing in the Kottke media treated with different concentrations of Cu and Cd were measured after growth as well as the pH value of the medium. The results indicated that heavy metals could reduce the biomasses of the two funguses. Gomplhidius viscidus has higher tolerance to Cu but less Cd than that of Boletus edulis. With development of fungal mycila, the pH value of medium dropped significantly, and this effect might play an important role in enhancing its tolerance. In addition, the higher pH value change per biomass indicated that the fungus treated with heavy metals had the ability to adjust environment of pH more significantly. In the second experiment, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the cell walls of the fungus treated with heavy metals was measured according to Marschner's. The results indicated that with the increasing of the concentrations of Cu or Cd, the CEC of Gomphidius viscidus increased, but the CEC of Boletus edulis dropped.
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['Biomass', 'Cadmium', 'Cations', 'Cell Wall', 'Copper', 'Culture Media', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Mycelium', 'Mycorrhizae', 'Plant Roots', 'Soil Pollutants']
| 17,111,629
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['A11.284.183'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G02.300'], ['A19.687'], ['A18.400.525', 'A19.690', 'B01.300.655', 'B05.550'], ['A18.400'], ['D27.888.284.756']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Early detection of disease and scheduling of screening examinations.
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Special examinations exist for many chronic diseases, which can diagnose the disease while it is asymptomatic, with no signs or symptoms. The earlier detection of disease may lead to more cures or longer survival. This possibility has led to public health programs which recommend populations to have periodic screening examinations for detecting specific chronic diseases, for example, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and so on. Such examination schedules when embedded in a public health program are invariably costly and are ordinarily not chosen on the basis of possible trade-offs in costs and benefits for different screening schedules. The possible candidate number of examination schedules is so large that it is not feasible to carry out clinical trials to compare different schedules. Instead, this problem can be investigated by developing a theoretical model which can predict the eventual disease specific mortality for different examination schedules. We have developed such a model. It is a stochastic model which assumes that i) the natural history of the disease is progressive and ii) any benefit from earlier diagnosis is due to a change in the distribution of disease stages at diagnosis (stage shift). The model is general and can be applied to any chronic disease which satisfies our two basic assumptions. We discuss the basic ideas of schedule sensitivity and lifetime schedule sensitivity and its relation to the reduction in disease specific mortality. Our theory is illustrated by applications to breast cancer screening. The investigation of schedules compares not only examination schedules with equal intervals between examinations but also staggered schedules using the threshold method. (Examinations are carried out when an individual's risk status reaches a preassigned threshold value.).
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Theoretical', 'United States']
| 15,587,433
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E01.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Presence of cancer cells in gastric lavage of gastric cancer patients as an indicator of advanced disease, predictor of tumour aggressive phenotype and independent prognostic factor for poor survival: The endoluminal metastatic pathway of gastric cancer and GL0/GL1 classification.
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OBJECTIVE: As of 2017, the pathobiology of gastric cancer (GC) is far from fully understood; consequently, new methods of basic and advanced research have been proposed and tested. The presence (GL1) vs absence (GL0) of malignant cells exfoliated in gastric lavage (GL) of GC patients was formerly evaluated with diagnostic intent but not for staging or prognostic assessment. We investigated this hitherto unreported application of cytopathology.METHODS: GL was preoperatively and prospectively collected from 80 GC patients and cytologically analysed. The results were compared with the classic clinicopathological features of GC and related to survival. The prognostic value of GL1 was assessed through univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS: GL1 was detected in 36 samples (45%) and correlated with advanced tumour depth (T3-T4), lymphatic metastasis (N+), distant metastasis (M1) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI1; P=.0317, .0024, .003 and .0028, respectively). Overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter for GL1 (23 months) vs GL0 patients (42 months; P=.005) and GL1 vs GL0 T1 subjects (12.6 vs 47.8 months, P=.0029). Univariate analysis revealed that GL1, N+, M1, LVI1 and advanced stage were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate analysis assessed GL1 as the only independent prognostic factor for worse OS and progression-free survival (P=.0013 and .0107).CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, GL1 was correlated with advanced disease, aggressive tumour behaviour and poor prognosis. Although additional studies are needed to confirm these findings, the GL0/GL1 classification can be applied to GC patients to achieve higher accuracy in staging, prognostic stratification and treatment selection.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Phenotype', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Therapeutic Irrigation']
| 29,063,636
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['G05.695'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E02.779.492.500', 'E02.831.535.492.500', 'E05.927']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Chylomicron apoprotein alteration after plasma exposure.
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Purified rat lymph chylomicrons were incubated with chylomicron-free rat plasma and examined for changes in lipid and apoprotein constituents. Upon incubation there was a five-fold increase in the arginine rich apoprotein and a concomitant reduction in chylomicron Apo A-I to less than one-sixth its preincubation mass. These apoprotein changes were most faithfully reproduced when chylomicrons were incubated with the rat HDL fraction, although incubations of chylomicrons with rat lipoprotein-free plasma showed that arginine-rich apoprotein could readily associate with chylomicrons without concomitant changes in chylomicron lipid constituents. The gain in chylomicron apoprotein paralleled an increased affinity of the incubated chylomicron for heparin, when examined by heparin affinity chromatography. The apoprotein alterations were consistent in incubations in which the triglyceride concentrations varied from 330 mg/dl to 4200 mg/dl, and were not affected by inhibition of the Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT) reaction in the incubation mixture. The demonstration that in vivo alimentary lipemia chylomicrons have an apoprotein pattern identical to that of chylomicrons following in vitro plasma incubation suggests that these apoprotein alterations occur physiologically in alimentary lipemia.
|
['Animals', 'Apolipoproteins', 'Cholesterol', 'Chylomicrons', 'Lipoproteins', 'Lymph', 'Male', 'Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase', 'Phospholipids', 'Plasma', 'Rats', 'Triglycerides']
| 667,131
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091', 'D12.776.070.400', 'D12.776.521.120'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D10.532.183', 'D12.776.521.242'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['A12.207.270.606', 'A15.382.520.150'], ['D08.811.913.050.625'], ['D10.570.755'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Metallic mercury poisoning and neuropsychological effects: a case report].
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Mercury is an extremely toxic heavy metal that can devastate central nervous system. We present the case of a 15 year old adolescent with mercury intoxication following 4 days of exposure to elemental mercury at home who was consulted by department of pediatrics with complaints of demonstrated emotional lability, memory impairment, disinhibition, and impulsivity. Olanzapin 2,5 mg/day was initiated. Her neuropsychological performance was evaluated by a neuropsychological test battery at initial examination. Deterioration in neuropsychological functions like interference effect and attention (Stroop Test TBAG form), verbal fluency and switching to other category (Verbal Fluency Test, /(VFT), verbal short term and long term memory and recognition (Auditory Verbal Learning Test, /(AVLT) was detected. In 9 months follow up period her complaints resolved. Initial neuropsychological deficits were also fully recovered at follow up. There was an increase in intelligence scores with increased ability to pay and sustain attention. She had better performance at Stroop Test TBAG form, VFT and AVLT which was similar to her normal peers. In this case report, the clinical aspects of central nervous system involvement in mercury intoxication and protection from potential toxic effects of laboratory materials like mercury at schools were discussed. School administrators should be aware of and parents and students should be given necessary protective information.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antidotes', 'Chelating Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mercury', 'Mercury Poisoning', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Succimer']
| 24,590,851
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.696.706.037', 'D27.720.799.037'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['C25.723.522.875'], ['F04.711.513'], ['D02.241.081.337.759.500', 'D02.886.489.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Antinociceptive effects of central administration of the endogenous cannabinoid receptor type 1 agonist VDPVNFKLLSH-OH [(m)VD-hemopressin(á)], an N-terminally extended hemopressin peptide.
|
The cannabinoid system has been demonstrated to modulate the acute and chronic pain of multiple origins. Mouse VD-hemopressin(á) [(m)VD-Hpá], an 11-residue á-hemoglobin-derived peptide, was recently reported to function as a selective agonist of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB₁) in vitro. To characterize its behavioral and physiological properties, we investigated the in vivo effects of (m)VD-Hpá in mice. In the mouse tail-flick test, (m)VD-Hpá dose-dependently induced antinociception after supraspinal (EC₅₀ = 6.69 nmol) and spinal (EC₅₀ = 2.88 nmol) administration. The antinociceptive effects of (m)VD-Hpá (intracerebroventricularly and intrathecally) were completely blocked by N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3- carboxamide (AM251; CB₁ antagonist), but not by 6-iodo-2-methyl-1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl(4-methoxyphenyl)-methanone (AM630; CB₂ antagonist) or naloxone (opioid antagonist), showing its selectivity to the CB₁ receptor. Furthermore, the central nervous system (CNS) effects of (m)VD-Hpá were evaluated in body temperature, locomotor activity, tolerance development, reward, and food intake assays. At the highly antinociceptive dose (3 ? EC₅₀), (m)VD-Hpá markedly exerted hypothermia and hypoactivity after supraspinal administration. Repeated intracerebroventricular injection of (m)VD-Hpá resulted in both development of tolerance to antinociception and conditioned place aversion. In addition, central injection of (m)VD-Hpá dose-dependently stimulated food consumption. These findings demonstrate that this novel cannabinoid peptide agonist induces CB₁-mediated central antinociception with some CNS effects, which further supports a CB₁ agonist character of (m)VD-Hpá. Moreover, the current study will be helpful to understand the in vivo properties of the endogenous peptide agonist of the cannabinoid CB₁ receptor.
|
['Analgesics', 'Animals', 'Appetite Regulation', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists', 'Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists', 'Central Nervous System', 'Hemoglobins', 'Infusions, Intraventricular', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Oligopeptides', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1', 'Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2', 'Receptors, Opioid']
| 24,307,201
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.170', 'G07.203.650.390.070.290', 'G10.261.390.070.290'], ['F01.145.113'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['D27.505.519.625.085.500', 'D27.505.696.399.472.188.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.085.750', 'D27.505.696.399.472.188.750'], ['A08.186'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['E02.319.267.510.692'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D12.644.456'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.125.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.125.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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T-type and L-type calcium channel blockers exert opposite effects on renin secretion and renin gene expression in conscious rats.
|
1. This study aimed to investigate and to compare the effects of pharmacological T-type calcium channel and of L-type calcium channel blockade on the renin system. To this end, male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with the T-channel blocker mibefradil or with the L-channel blocker amlodipine at doses of 5 mg kg(-1), 15 mg kg(-1) and 45 mg kg(-1) per day for four days and their effects on plasma renin activity (PRA) and kidney renin mRNA levels were determined. 2. Whilst amlodipine lowered basal systolic blood pressure at 5 mg kg(-1), mibefradil had no effect on basal blood pressure in the whole dose range examined. Amlodipine dose-dependently induced up to 7 fold elevation of PRA and renin mRNA levels. Mibefradil significantly lowered PRA and renin mRNA levels at 5 mg kg(-1) and moderately increased both parameters at a dose of 45 mg kg(-1), when PRA and renin mRNA levels were increased by 100% and 30%, respectively. In primary cultures of renal juxtaglomerular cells neither amlodipine nor mibefradil (0.1-10 microM) changed renin secretion. 3. In rats unilateral renal artery clips (2K-1C) mibefradil and amlodipine at doses of 15 mg kg(-1) day(-1) were equally effective in lowering blood pressure. In contrast mibefradil (5 mg kg(-1) and 15 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) significantly attenuated the rise of PRA and renin mRNA levels, whilst amlodipine (15 mg kg(-1)) additionally elevated the rise of PRA and renin mRNA levels in response to renal artery clipping. 4. These findings suggest that T-type calcium channel blockers can inhibit renin secretion and renin gene expression in vivo, whilst L-type calcium channel blockers act as stimulators of the renin system. Since the inhibitory effect of T-type antagonists is apparent in vivo but not in vitro, one may infer that the effect on the renin system is indirect rather than directly mediated at the level of renal juxtaglomerular cells.
|
['Amlodipine', 'Animals', 'Benzimidazoles', 'Blood Pressure', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Enzyme Precursors', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases', 'Heart Rate', 'Juxtaglomerular Apparatus', 'Male', 'Mibefradil', 'Mice', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Renal Artery', 'Renin', 'Ribonucleases', 'Tetrahydronaphthalenes']
| 9,647,484
|
[['D03.383.725.203.065'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.103'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.622', 'D12.776.811.243'], ['G05.308.320'], ['D08.811.682.657.163.750'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['A05.810.453.324.359.520', 'A05.810.453.736.520.520'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.585', 'D03.633.100.103.618', 'D04.615.638.960.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960', 'D04.615.638.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Alu-mediated acquisition of unstable ATTCT pentanucleotide repeats in the human ATXN10 gene.
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Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 is caused by ATTCT repeat expansion in the ATXN10 gene in humans. We studied the evolutionary history of the human genome to determine the time and mechanism of the acquisition of unstable ATTCT repeats in the genome. We found that long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) was inserted into ATXN10 intron 9; Alu was then inserted in the middle of LINE-1; and endogenous retrovilcus K was lastly retrotransposed in the middle of Alu. The ATTCT repeat was located on the boundary between the 3'-end of the Alu element and the direct repeat arising from LINE-1. We determined nucleotide sequences of the orthologous region of 50 individuals representing 33 primate species and compared them with the human sequence. The analysis revealed that the ATTCT repeat is present only in human and apes. Old World monkeys also possess pentanucleotide repeats, but their motifs are TGTCT and GGTCT. New World monkeys and prosimians are not informative because they lack the corresponding region in ATXN10 intron 9. Our studies dictate two parsimonious scenarios of evolution. First, a TTTCT motif arose from a TTTTT motif at the junction of Alu and LINE-1, which was followed by introduction of A to make an ATTCT motif in hominoids. Second, an ATTCT motif was directly generated from an ancestral ATTTT motif in the common ancestor of catarrhines. We also demonstrate that orangutan uniquely introduced G to make a GTTCT motif and later C to make a GTTCC motif, where newly introduced nucleotides are underlined. Our studies reveal that nucleotide substitutions in a poly(A) tail of the Alu element and the following amplification of pentanucleotides occurred in the lineages of Old World monkeys and hominoids and that unstable ATTCT pentanucleotide repeats originated in the common ancestor of hominoids. These findings also highlight a new aspect of the role of retrotransposons in human disease and evolution, which might be useful in investigating the mystery of human uniqueness.
|
['Ataxin-10', 'Base Sequence', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Humans', 'Introns', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Retroelements', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Spinocerebellar Ataxias']
| 19,651,850
|
[['D12.776.631.069.950'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.631'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.308.760', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.800', 'G05.360.080.708.330.800', 'G05.360.340.024.425.800'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['C10.228.140.252.190.530', 'C10.228.140.252.700.700', 'C10.228.854.787.875', 'C10.574.500.825.700', 'C10.597.350.090.500.530', 'C16.320.400.780.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of dietary calcium on cadmium absorption and retention in suckling rats.
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The effect of calcium supplementation on absorption and retention of cadmium in the suckling period was evaluated in Wistar rat pups of both sexes. Animals were maintained in the litters with the mother rats and supplemented with 1%, 3% or 6% calcium (as CaHPO4 x 2H2O) in cow's milk by artificial feeding from day of birth 6 through 14. All rats were exposed to cadmium (as CdCl2 x H2O) either orally or parenterally. Oral cadmium dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight a day was administered through nine-day period of calcium supplementation and parenteral cadmium dose was injected subcutaneously in a single dose of 0.5 mg Cd/kg body weight prior to calcium supplementation. On experimental day 10 (at the age of pups of 15 days) all animals were killed and the liver, kidneys, brain and carcass (body without organs and skin) were removed for element analyses. Cadmium and essential elements calcium, zinc and iron were analysed in the tissues by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results showed that after oral exposure cadmium concentrations in all calcium-supplemented groups were significantly decreased in the organs and carcass and that the effect was dose-related. No such effect of calcium was found after parenteral cadmium exposure. Calcium supplementation per se significantly increased calcium concentration in the carcass and had no effect on iron in organs and zinc in carcass. It was concluded that calcium supplementation during the suckling period could be an efficient way of reducing oral cadmium absorption and retention without affecting tissue essential trace element concentrations.
|
['Absorption', 'Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Animals, Suckling', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Cadmium', 'Calcium, Dietary', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Models, Animal', 'Organ Size', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Weight Gain']
| 12,046,926
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.293'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['D01.146.395'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.598'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['C23.888.144.243.926', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.926']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Urethral tissue regeneration using collagen scaffold modified with collagen binding VEGF in a beagle model.
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Extensive urethral defects have a serious impact on quality of life, and treatment is challenging. A shortage of material for reconstruction is a key limitation. Improving the properties of biomaterials and making them suitable for urethral reconstruction will be helpful. Previously, we constructed a fusion protein, collagen-binding VEGF (CBD-VEGF), which can bind to collagen scaffold, stimulate cell proliferation, and promote angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. We proposed that CBD-VEGF could improve the performance of collagen in reconstruction of extensive urethral defects. Our results showed that collagen scaffolds modified with CBD-VEGF could promote urethral tissue regeneration and improve the function of the neo-urethra in a beagle extensive urethral defect model. Thus, modifying biomaterials with bioactive factors provides an alternative strategy for the production of suitable biomaterials for urethral reconstruction.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Collagen', 'Dogs', 'Male', 'Quality of Life', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Regeneration', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Urethra', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 26,280,949
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E04.680'], ['G16.762'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Florid tuberculosis of the paranasal sinuses].
|
Infections due to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the head and neck region mainly affect the cervical lymph nodes. We report a rare case of paranasal sinus tuberculosis. The patient presented as an emergency with right-sided headache and epiphora. Clinical, radiological and laboratory results yielded a diagnosis of acute exacerbated chronic sinusitis with meningeal affection resulting from transmigration. Histological and molecular investigations confirmed mycobacterial infection of the paranasal sinuses.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Endoscopy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paranasal Sinus Diseases', 'Paranasal Sinuses', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Tuberculosis']
| 19,701,617
|
[['E01.171'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.460.692', 'C09.603.692'], ['A04.531.621'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Maternal undernutrition inhibits angiogenesis in the offspring: a potential mechanism of programmed hypertension.
|
The underlying etiology of many chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes has been traced to the in utero environment. Our interest has focused on determining the mechanism of programmed hypertension. In our rodent model of 50% maternal food restriction (MFR) from day 10 of gestation to term, the offspring develop hypertension as adults. We hypothesized that maternal undernutrition inhibits angiogenesis such that the neonate is endowed with fewer microvessels, increasing their susceptibility to develop hypertension as adults. We found significantly reduced number of mesenteric branching and renal medullary microvessels in the 1-day-old MFR newborns. Endothelial cells from MFR offspring generated shorter neovessels in culture compared with controls. The inhibition of angiogenesis was associated with a significant decrease in VEGF protein expression in mesenteric microvessels and aortas in 1-day-old offspring. However, in adulthood there was a marked increase in VEGF expression in both vessel types. The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein was also found to be increased in both renal and mesenteric microvessels and in aortas in the 1-day-old MFR offspring. These results suggest that MFR results in inhibition of VEGF expression in microvascular and aortic endothelial cells early in life, resulting in decreased angiogenesis and increased peripheral vascular resistance, both of which may contribute to offspring hypertension.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Aorta', 'Arterioles', 'Birth Weight', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Fetal Nutrition Disorders', 'Hypertension', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Rats', 'Splanchnic Circulation', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 17,507,434
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['A11.251'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['C13.703.277.677', 'C18.654.521.625'], ['C14.907.489'], ['G09.330.630'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.750'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G09.330.100.881'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910.200'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Role of the Notch Signal Pathway in Mucosal Cell Metaplasia in Mouse Acute Otitis Media.
|
Otitis media (OM) is a major cause of morbidity in pediatric and adult patients. This inflammatory condition is characterized by mucous cell hyperplasia that is thought to produce mucins from the middle ear mucosa. We are interested in the role of Notch signalling pathway in this inflammatory process. Using an acute otitis media (AOM) mouse model through injection of Streptococcus Pneumoniae into the middle ear, histopathologic examination and quantitative RT-PCR, acute inflammation with the thickness of mucosa, Goblet cell hyperplasia, and cilia loss were determined and gene expression related to the Notch signaling pathway were evaluated. Upregulation of the mucous cell markers, Argr2 and Muc5AC, and downregulation of the cilia cell marker, Foxj1 and Dnai2, were observed in AOM. In addition, genes encoding Notch receptors and ligands (Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4 and Dll1) and the Notch target genes (Hes1, Hes5, Hey1, NRARP) in AOM decreased significantly. The expression of the Notch1 and Jagged1 also showed down-regulation throughout the mouse middle ear epithelium. Taken together, this study suggests that downregulation of the Notch signaling pathway is involved in the mucosa hyperplasia during AOM.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cilia', 'Goblet Cells', 'Male', 'Metaplasia', 'Mice', 'Mucous Membrane', 'Otitis Media', 'Receptors, Notch', 'Signal Transduction']
| 28,676,722
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.284.180.165'], ['A03.556.124.369.320', 'A04.329.597.320', 'A04.531.520.320', 'A04.760.259', 'A10.615.550.444.321', 'A10.615.550.760.520.320', 'A10.615.550.760.600.320', 'A11.436.298'], ['C23.550.589'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A10.615.550'], ['C09.218.705.663'], ['D12.776.543.750.725', 'D12.776.930.770'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacokinetics of diethylcarbamazine: prediction by concentration in saliva.
|
The concentration of diethylcarbamazine in saliva was used to determine pharmacokinetic parameters, in comparison to plasma and urine concentrations. Six healthy adult male volunteers were administered 150 mg diethylcarbamazine with 400 ml of water. At seven different time intervals, blood, urine and saliva samples were taken, and different pharmacokinetic parameters measured. The plasma-saliva concentration ratio was calculated as 1.53 whereas the observed ratio was 3.82. The half lives, times to reach peak plasma concentration, and elimination rate constants did not show any significant difference in the different samples. The plasma peak concentration and areas under the curve were significantly (p<0.05) increased from those of the saliva. At 24 h, when diethylcarbamazine was absent in urine, the plasma and saliva concentrations were almost zero. Diethylcarbamazine is secreted in saliva, and its concentration in saliva can be used to monitor drug therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Area Under Curve', 'Colorimetry', 'Diethylcarbamazine', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Saliva']
| 10,784,424
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['D02.241.081.251.240', 'D03.383.606.380'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.200.666']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A modified immunofluorescence test for Epstein-Barr virus-specific IgM antibody.
|
The fluorescent antibody (FA) test for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific IgM antibody was improved by the use of sodium butyrate to induce a higher level of EBV antigen expression in P3HR-1 slide preparations and by removal of rheumatoid factor (RF) and IgG antibodies from test sera by means of adsorption with suspensions of Sepharose-IgG and Streptococcus pyogenes strain AR1. This method was compared with the Paul-Bunnell test (PB) on 1106 sera submitted to a routine virus diagnostic laboratory for infectious mononucleosis serology and 96.4% of sera showed concordant results. Thus the EBV-IgM-FA method was suitable for routine diagnostic use. However, it proved helpful to test EBV-IgM positive sera by PB to assist in the detection of cross-reacting IgM antibodies sometimes present.
|
['Adsorption', 'Antibodies, Heterophile', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Infectious Mononucleosis']
| 3,001,120
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.191', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.191', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.191'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['C01.925.256.466.313.400', 'C15.378.553.381', 'C15.604.515.516', 'C20.683.515.515']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A cross-sectional study of partograph utilization as a decision making tool for referral of abnormal labour in primary health care facilities of Bangladesh.
|
BACKGROUND: In Bangladesh, female paramedics known as Family Welfare Visitors (FWVs), conduct normal deliveries in first-level primary care facilities, or Union Health and Family Welfare Centres (UH&FWC). Utilization of partographs allow for early identification of abnormal labour and referral for advanced care to Emergency Obstetric Care (EmOC) facilities. A systematic assessment of the quality of partograph utilization in clinical-decision making will contribute to understanding the use of the tool by health workers.METHODS: In 2013, the USAID supported MaMoni HSS project, led in country by Save the Children, trained FWVs on the use of partographs in five UH&FWCs in Habiganj district. As part of the follow-up after training, intrapartum case record forms, accompanying partographs, and referral registers for all obstetric cases managed in these five facilities from July 2013 to June 2014 were reviewed. Partographs were reviewed to identify abnormal labour cases based on pre-defined indications. All referred cases were ascertained from the case records in the referral registers. Five health workers were interviewed to assess their knowledge, attitude and experience in partograph use and to explore the challenges for referral decision making associated with the tool.RESULTS: A total of 1,198 deliveries were managed at the study sites, of which 663 presented with cervical dilatation of 8 cm or less. Partographs were initiated in 98% of these cases. Indication of abnormal labour was found in 71 partographs (11%) and among them, only 1 was referred to a higher-level facility. Foetal heart rate and cervical dilatation were appropriately recorded in 61% and 70% of the partographs, respectively. Interviews with health workers revealed poor interpretation of referral indications from the partographs. Limited accessibility to the nearest EmOC facility, inadequate time for referral, and non-compliance to referral by clients were identified by the interviewed health workers as the key barriers for referral decision making.CONCLUSIONS: Supporting the health workers at first-level primary care facilities to better interpret and act on partograph data in a timely manner, and strengthening the referral systems are needed to ensure that women in labour receive the prompt quality care they and their babies require to survive.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bangladesh', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Decision Making', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Pregnancy', 'Primary Health Care', 'Young Adult']
| 30,188,940
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.252.245.131'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The burden of revision sinonasal surgery in the UK-data from the Chronic Rhinosinusitis Epidemiology Study (CRES): a cross-sectional study.
|
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the surgical revision rate in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in the UK CRS Epidemiology Study (CRES). Previous evidence from National Sinonasal Audit showed that 1459 patients with CRS demonstrated a surgical revision rate 19.1% at 5 years, with highest rates seen in those with polyps (20.6%).SETTING: Thirty secondary care centres around the UK.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 221 controls and 1249 patients with CRS were recruited to the study including those with polyps (CRSwNPs), without polyps (CRSsNPs) and with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS).INTERVENTIONS: Self-administered questionnaire.PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: The need for previous sinonasal surgery.RESULTS: A total of 651 patients with CRSwNPs, 553 with CRSsNPs and 45 with AFRS were included. A total of 396 (57%) patients with CRSwNPs/AFRS reported having undergone previous endoscopic nasal polypectomy (ENP), of which 182 of the 396 (46%) reported having received more than one operation. The mean number of previous surgeries per patient in the revision group was 3.3 (range 2-30) and a mean duration of time of 10 years since the last procedure. The average length of time since their first operation up to inclusion in the study was 15.5 years (range 0-74). Only 27.9% of all patients reporting a prior ENP had received concurrent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS; n=102). For comparison, surgical rates in patients with CRSsNPs were significantly lower; 13% of cases specifically reported ESS, and of those only 30% reported multiple procedures (÷(2) p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that there is a high burden of both primary and revision surgery in patients with CRS, worst in those with AFRS and least in those with CRSsNPs. The burden of revision surgery appears unchanged in the decade since the Sinonasal Audit.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasal Polyps', 'Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures', 'Reoperation', 'Rhinitis', 'Sinusitis', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'United Kingdom', 'Young Adult']
| 25,926,143
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.460.572', 'C09.603.557', 'C23.300.825.557'], ['E04.580'], ['E04.690'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Based Algorithm to Trigger Hypotreatments to Prevent/Mitigate Hypoglycemic Events.
|
Background: The standard treatment for hypoglycemia recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) suggests patients with diabetes to take small amounts of carbohydrates, the so-called hypotreatments (HTs), as soon as blood glucose concentration goes below 70 mg/dL. However, prevention, or at least mitigation, of hypoglycemic events could be achieved by triggering HTs ahead of time thanks to the use of the predictive capabilities of suitable real-time algorithms fed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor data. Materials and Methods: The algorithm proposed in this article to trigger HTs for preventing forthcoming hypoglycemic events is based on the computation of the "dynamic risk", there is a nonlinear function combining current glycemia with its rate-of-change, both provided by CGM. A comparison of performance of the proposed algorithm against the ADA guidelines is made, in silico, on datasets of 100 virtual patients undergoing a single-meal experiment, with induced postmeal hypoglycemia, generated by the UVA/Padova type 1 diabetes simulator. Results: On noise-free CGM data, the proposed algorithm reduces the time spent in hypoglycemia, on median [25th-75th percentiles] from 36 [29-43] to 0 [0-11] min (P < 0.0001), with a concomitant decrease of the post-treatment rebound (PTR) in glucose concentration, on median [25th-75th percentiles] from 136 [121-148] to 121 [116-127] mg/dL (P < 0.0001). On noisy CGM data, there is still a reduction of both time spent in hypoglycemia from 41 [28-49] min to 25 [0-41] min (P < 0.0001) and PTR from 174 [146-189] mg/dL to 137 [123-151] mg/dL (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: The potentiality of the new algorithm in generating preventive HTs, which can allow significant reduction of hypoglycemia without concomitant increase of hyperglycemia, suggests its further development and test in silico, for example, simulating both insulin pump and multiple-daily-injection therapies.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring', 'Computer Simulation', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Postprandial Period', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 31,335,191
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.601.043'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.105', 'E01.370.374.100', 'E01.370.520.100', 'E02.900.950.500', 'E05.200.124.100.105'], ['L01.224.160'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G10.261.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of resin viscosity and enamel beveling on the clinical performance of Class V composite restorations: three-year results.
|
This study evaluated the effect of the elastic modulus and margin configuration on the clinical performance of resin-based composite restorations in Class V non-carious defects. One hundred and five cervical non-carious defects on buccal surfaces of canines and premolars were included in this study. Defects were randomly divided into three Groups and restored according to the following techniques: Group 1--no enamel bevel was placed and the defect was restored with a microfilled resin-based composite (Durafill VS); Group 2--the enamel margin was beveled and the defect restored as in Group 1; Group 3-the enamel margin was beveled and the defect was restored with a flowable resin-based composite (Natural Flow). Each group comprised 35 lesions. A total-etch, one-bottle adhesive (One-Step) was used in all groups. Retention rate, pre- and post-operative sensitivity, marginal discoloration and secondary caries were determined over a three-year period and the data were analyzed statistically. At six months post-insertion, the restorations placed with beveled enamel margins resulted in 100% retention regardless of the composite used compared to a 66% retention of the non-beveled margins. At two and three years, no significant difference in retention rate was found among the three groups. Post-operative sensitivity, marginal discoloration and secondary caries were not affected by enamel beveling and restorative material. Beveled enamel margins resulted in significantly better clinical retention in the first six months only. Enamel beveling and composite viscosity appeared to not significantly affect the clinical performance of Class V non-retentive composite restorations after three years.
|
['Adult', 'Composite Resins', 'Dental Cavity Preparation', 'Dental Enamel', 'Dental Restoration Failure', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Middle Aged', 'Particle Size', 'Tooth Abrasion', 'Tooth Cervix', 'Tooth Erosion', 'Viscosity']
| 14,531,591
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['E06.931.325'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['E06.323.400', 'E06.780.346.725'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.712'], ['C07.793.818.124'], ['A14.549.167.900.700'], ['C07.793.818.500'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Treatment of acute leukemia in protected environment units.
|
Thirty evaluable patients with acute leukemia (AL), aged 14 to 48-year-old received remission induction chemotherapy on a protected environment-prophylactic antibiotic program. Twenty-seven (90%) of these patients achieved complete remission and 17 remained in complete remission for 1 to 22 months. Although these patients spent 36% of their time with neutrophil counts less than 100/mm3, they spent only 20% of their time with fever. Major infection was present during only 7% of the days when neutrophil count was less than 100/mm3. No patient died of an infectious complication during remission induction therapy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Environment, Controlled', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infection Control', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Isolation', 'Remission, Spontaneous']
| 113,075
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative evaluation of the volatile profiles and taste properties of roasted coffee beans as affected by drying method and detected by electronic nose, electronic tongue, and HS-SPME-GC-MS.
|
In this study, room-temperature drying, solar drying, heat pump drying (HPD), hot-air drying, and freeze drying were applied to investigate the volatile profiles and taste properties of roasted coffee beans by using electronic nose, electronic tongue, and headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Results indicated that the drying process markedly affected pH, total titratable acidity, total solids, and total soluble solids. Significant differences existed among all samples based on drying method; and the HPD method was superior for preserving ketones, phenols, and esters. Principal component analysis (PCA) combined with E-nose and E-tongue radar charts as well as the fingerprint of HS-SPME-GC-MS could clearly discriminate samples from different drying methods, with results obtained from hierarchical cluster analysis (the Euclidean distance is 0.75) being in agreement with those of PCA. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for the dehydration of coffee beans and other similar thermo-sensitive agricultural products.
|
['Cluster Analysis', 'Coffee', 'Desiccation', 'Electronic Nose', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Solid Phase Microextraction', 'Taste', 'Volatile Organic Compounds']
| 30,309,604
|
[['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D20.215.784.249', 'G07.203.100.325', 'J02.200.325'], ['E05.196.335', 'G02.176'], ['E07.230.210', 'E07.305.296'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E05.196.155.800.500'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724'], ['D02.974']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Parkinson's disease-linked human PARK9/ATP13A2 maintains zinc homeostasis and promotes á-Synuclein externalization via exosomes.
|
á-Synuclein plays a central causative role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Increased expression of the P-type ATPase ion pump PARK9/ATP13A2 suppresses á-Synuclein toxicity in primary neurons. Our data indicate that ATP13A2 encodes a zinc pump; neurospheres from a compound heterozygous ATP13A2(-/-) patient and ATP13A2 knockdown cells are sensitive to zinc, whereas ATP13A2 over-expression in primary neurons confers zinc resistance. Reduced ATP13A2 expression significantly decreased vesicular zinc levels, indicating ATP13A2 facilitates transport of zinc into membrane-bound compartments or vesicles. Endogenous ATP13A2 localized to multi-vesicular bodies (MVBs), a late endosomal compartment located at the convergence point of the endosomal and autophagic pathways. Dysfunction in MVBs can cause a range of detrimental effects including lysosomal dysfunction and impaired delivery of endocytosed proteins/autophagy cargo to the lysosome, both of which have been observed in cells with reduced ATP13A2 function. MVBs also serve as the source of intra-luminal nanovesicles released extracellularly as exosomes that can contain a range of cargoes including á-Synuclein. Elevated ATP13A2 expression reduced intracellular á-Synuclein levels and increased á-Synuclein externalization in exosomes >3-fold whereas ATP13A2 knockdown decreased á-Synuclein externalization. An increased export of exosome-associated á-Synuclein may explain why surviving neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta in sporadic PD patients were observed to over-express ATP13A2. We propose ATP13A2's modulation of zinc levels in MVBs can regulate the biogenesis of exosomes capable of containing á-Synuclein. Our data indicate that ATP13A2 is the first PD-associated gene involved in exosome biogenesis and indicates a potential neuroprotective role of exosomes in PD.
|
['Autophagy', 'Exosomes', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Neurons', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Zinc', 'alpha-Synuclein']
| 24,603,074
|
[['G04.011'], ['A11.284.295.588.750', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.495'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940'], ['D12.776.631.860.500', 'D12.776.637.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oslo Epigenetics Symposium 2012. Oslo, Norway, 8-9 November 2012.
|
The Oslo Epigenetics Symposium 2012 held in Oslo, Norway, brought together ten speakers from several European countries and the USA for an evening public lecture and a full day of presentations on emerging topics in the field of epigenetics, gene regulation and organization of the cell nucleus.
|
['DNA Methylation', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Europe', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Norway', 'United States']
| 23,414,317
|
[['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G05.308.203'], ['Z01.542'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Penile calciphylaxis in a patient on combined peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis.
|
Calciphylaxis presents with painful purpura and intractable skin ulcers on the trunk and particularly the distal extremities, and it mainly occurs in patients on chronic dialysis. A 66-year-old man with renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy was on peritoneal dialysis alone for 1 year, followed by peritoneal dialysis combined with hemodialysis for 3 years. He developed calciphylaxis of the penis, which was diagnosed from the skin biopsy findings and clinical observation. To treat this condition, PD was stopped and HD was performed three times a week. In addition, warfarin therapy was discontinued and infusion of sodium thiosulfate was performed. The penile ulcers decreased in size and pain was markedly improved, so the patient was discharged from hospital. Following discharge, PD was resumed after changing the peritoneal dialysis fluid to bicarbonate-buffered dialysate. The penile ulcers eventually resolved completely. There have been very few reports about calciphylaxis in patients on combined dialysis modalities. In our patient, penile calciphylaxis progressed when lactate-buffered peritoneal dialysis fluid was used and resolved after switching to bicarbonate-buffered fluid together with cessation of warfarin therapy and infusion of sodium thiosulfate.
|
['Aged', 'Buffers', 'Calciphylaxis', 'Dialysis Solutions', 'Humans', 'Lactates', 'Male', 'Penile Diseases', 'Penis', 'Peritoneal Dialysis', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Renal Insufficiency', 'Skin', 'Skin Ulcer', 'Thiosulfates', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,594,982
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['C18.452.174.130.186'], ['D26.776.708.322', 'D27.505.954.578.483', 'D27.720.752.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['C12.294.494'], ['A05.360.444.492'], ['E02.870.300.650', 'E02.912.800.650'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['C12.777.419.780', 'C13.351.968.419.780'], ['A17.815'], ['C17.800.893'], ['D01.248.497.158.845.703', 'D01.875.800.800.850.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
null |
Efficacy of the ureteric stricture (UC) treatment, using energy of the Holmium (in 55%
patients) and the diode (in 45%) lasers was analyzed. In 37 (77%) patient spositive
results were achieved already after one session, in 4 (8.3%) — one more session was
performed in terms up to 3 mo after the first one, in 3 (6.3%) — two sessions were per'
formed. Positive results were achieved in total in 91.6% patients. Application of laser
energy in treatment of UC is effective and not dependent from the energy kind and con'
stitutes a perspective method of the patient's endoscopic treatment.
|
['Constriction, Pathologic', 'Endoscopy', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Lasers, Semiconductor', 'Lasers, Solid-State', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ureter', 'Ureteral Obstruction']
| 30,479,643
|
[['C23.300.287'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['E07.632.490.480', 'E07.710.520.480'], ['E07.632.490.490', 'E07.710.520.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A05.810.776'], ['C12.777.725.776', 'C13.351.968.725.776']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Impact of water resource installations on the distribution of schistosomiasis and its intermediary hosts in Burkina Faso].
|
Dams generally are a favourable biotope for the molluscs acting as intermediary hosts to schistosomiasis. The importance of the schistosomiasis endemic which follows depends on the interactions taking place between the parasites and their definitive (humans) and intermediary hosts. A preliminary sound knowledge of the prevailing epidemiological situations is therefore necessary to define an efficient programme to fight these infections. The extension of schistosomiasis following the installation of water resource facilities is significative of the part played by these hosts. In the hydroagricultural complex of Sourou, the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis increased from 19% in 1954 to more than 70% in 1998-1999 in Gui?dougou, the most ancient site. As to digestive schistosomiasis, almost unheard of until 1987, its prevalence ranged from 8% to 69% in 1998 in the villages located alongside the areas thus equipped. In the Kou Valley, the prevalence went up from 14% in 1957 to 80% in 1974 for urinary schistosomiasis and from 1.3% to 45% for intestinal schistosomiasis. The same tendencies are likely to appear in the hydraulic installations of Bagr?, Ziga, and Kompienga. Dams thus constitute amplifying factors for the proliferation of species and for parasite-host interactions. All the actors (developers, populations and scientists) are faced with the challenge of finding a mean to control the development of schistosomiasis infections which are likely to seriously lessen the benefits expected from these hydraulic installations.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Burkina Faso', 'Child', 'Disease Vectors', 'Endemic Diseases', 'Fresh Water', 'Humans', 'Mollusca', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prevalence', 'Schistosomiasis haematobia', 'Schistosomiasis mansoni', 'Water Supply']
| 12,925,324
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.058.290.190.245'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N06.850.335.188', 'N06.850.520.203.375'], ['N06.850.392'], ['G16.500.275.280', 'N06.230.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.500.644'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.427', 'C01.915.775', 'C01.920.922.427', 'C12.777.892.775', 'C13.351.968.892.775'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.576', 'C01.920.922.576'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[An investigation into the use of rubber shoe blocks to avoid undue pressure on the feet of cattle (author's transl)].
|
A brief review of the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods of avoiding undue pressure on the affected feet of cattle is followed by a report on a study of the use of a new shoe block in dealing with this problem. This new shoe was developed in the ambulatory Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Utrecht. It was nailed under the feet of thirty cows which were not lame and were housed on a concrete slatted floor. Despite adverse housing conditions, the feet and shoes were still firmly connected three weeks later in 76.7 per cent and forty-nine days later in 50 per cent of the animals. The wear on the rubber shoe block was so slight as to be negligible and untoward side-effects were not observed. This type of shoe block would therefore appear to be a useful aid in avoiding undue pressure on the feet over a prolonged period.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Foot Diseases', 'Hoof and Claw', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Rubber']
| 7,385,218
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['C05.360', 'C17.800.321'], ['A13.491'], ['E07.695'], ['D25.720.099.750', 'D25.720.327.840', 'J01.637.051.720.099.750', 'J01.637.051.720.327.840', 'J01.637.412.767']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Partially unfolded species populated during equilibrium denaturation of the beta-sheet protein Y74W apo-pseudoazurin.
|
Apo-pseudoazurin is a single domain cupredoxin. We have engineered a mutant in which a unique tryptophan replaces the tyrosine residue found in the tyrosine corner of this Greek key protein, a region that has been proposed to have an important role in folding. Equilibrium denaturation of Y74W apo-pseudoazurin demonstrated multistate unfolding in urea (pH 7.0, 0.5 M Na(2)SO(4) at 15 degrees C), in which one or more partially folded species are populated in 4. 3 M urea. Using a variety of biophysical techniques, we show that these species, on average, have lost a substantial portion of the native secondary structure, lack fixed tertiary packing involving tryptophan and tyrosine residues, are less compact than the native state as determined by fluorescence lifetimes and time-resolved anisotropy, but retain significant residual structure involving the trytophan residue. Peptides ranging in length from 11 to 30 residues encompassing this region, however, did not contain detectable nonrandom structure, suggesting that long-range interactions are important for stabilizing the equilibrium partially unfolded species in the intact protein. On the basis of these results, we suggest that the equilibrium denaturation of Y74W apo-pseudoazurin generates one or more partially unfolded species that are globally collapsed and retain elements of the native structure involving the newly introduced tryptophan residue. We speculate on the role of such intermediates in the generation of the complex Greek key fold.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Apoproteins', 'Azurin', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Copper', 'Fluorescence Polarization', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Paracoccus', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Tryptophan', 'Tyrosine']
| 10,801,317
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['D12.776.070'], ['D12.776.097.100', 'D12.776.556.080'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.390'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['B03.440.400.425.600', 'B03.660.050.750.600'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Airflow Vibrato: Dependence on Pitch and Loudness.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the airflow vibrato characteristics at various pitches and loudness levels during vocal vibrato production.METHOD: This descriptive case series research design included four subjects: 1 baritone, 1 tenor, and 2 sopranos. The extent and rate of airflow vibrato and fundamental frequency vibrato were measured by analyzing /pa:pa:pa:p/ strings with at least 3-4 cycles of vibrato during the vowels. Comparison was made within and between the subjects at different pitches and loudness levels.RESULT: Airflow vibrato was quite evident for all subjects. Mean airflow vibrato extents were larger in female than male singers. Increase in airflow vibrato extent was observed with increase in pitch, and it was statistically significant when comparison was made within each subject, within males (for P2, M = 74.55 cc/s, S.D = 27.44 cc/s, p < 0.01), within females (for P2, M = 94.36 cc/s, S.D = 24.13 cc/s, p< 0.01), and between males & females (for P1 in females, M = 46.96 cc/s, S.D = 16.16 cc/s, p < 0.003; for P2 in females, M = 94.365 cc/c, S.D = 24.13 cc/s, p < 0.02). Statistically significant increase in airflow vibrato extent was observed between males and females only at the highest loudness level (for females, M = 81.77 cc/s, S.D = 23.80 cc/s, p < 0.0001). The range of phase difference between them was 34°-197°, and most of the time, airflow vibrato lead F0 vibrato. EGG values were also reported.CONCLUSION: This study shows that the characteristics of airflow vibrato are similar to F0 vibrato; i.e., airflow vibrato also has extent, rate, regularity, and waveform complexity. However, airflow vibrato waveforms were seen to be more complex in waveshape than F0 vibrato waveforms. Studies on the sources of airflow vibrato are necessary.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Glottis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Factors', 'Singing', 'Speech Acoustics', 'Time Factors', 'Vibration', 'Voice Quality']
| 30,190,093
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A04.329.364'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G09.772.585.500'], ['G11.561.812.650', 'G11.561.820'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G01.374.930'], ['G09.772.925.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A detailed Monte Carlo evaluation of 192
|
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been studied extensively as promising radiation dose enhancing agents. In the current study, the dose enhancement effect of GNPs for Ir-192 HDR brachytherapy is studied using Monte Carlo N-Particle code, version 6.2 (MCNP6.2) and compared with experimental results obtained using Burlin cavity theory formalism. The Ir-192 source is verified using TG-43 parameters and dose enhancement factors (DEFs) from GNPs are simulated for three different mass percentages of gold in the GNP solution. These results are compared to DEFs previously reported experimentally by our group (Bassiri et al 2019 Med. Phys.) for a GNP-containing volume in an apparatus designed in-house to measure dose enhancement with GNPs for high dose rate (HDR) Ir-192 brachytherapy. An HDR Ir-192 Microselectron v2 r HDR brachytherapy source was modeled using MCNP6.2 using the TG-43 formalism in water. Anisotropy and radial dose function were verified against known values. An apparatus designed to measure dose enhancement to a 0.75 cm3 volume of GNPs from an Ir-192 brachytherapy seed with average energy of 0.38 MeV was built in-house and modeled using MCNP6.2. Burlin cavity correction factors were applied to experimental measurements. The macroscopic DEF was calculated for GNPs of size 30 nm at mass percentages of gold of 0.28%, 0.56% and 0.77%, using the repeating structures capability of MCNP6.2. DEF was calculated by dividing dose to the GNP solution by dose to water in the same volume. The radial dose function and anisotropy factor values at varying angles and distances were accurate when compared against known values. DEFs of 1.018 ± 0.003, 1.031 ± 0.003, and 1.041 ± 0.003 for GNP solutions containing mass percent of gold of 0.28%, 0.56% and 0.77%, respectively, were computed. These DEFs were within 2% of experimental values with Burlin cavity correction factors applied for all three mass percentages of gold.
|
['Anisotropy', 'Brachytherapy', 'Gold', 'Humans', 'Iridium Radioisotopes', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Water']
| 32,434,159
|
[['G01.590.040', 'G02.050'], ['E02.815.150'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.496.749.500'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E02.815.639'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of gutta-percha solvents on fiberglass post bond strength to root canal dentin.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gutta-percha solvents on the bond strength of fiberglass post to root canal dentin. Forty bovine incisors were decoronated, prepared, filled, and randomly distributed into four groups (n = 10) according to the gutta-percha solvent used: control, xylene, eucalyptol and orange oil. After root canal treatment, the posts were cemented into the prepared root canals using a resin-based cement. A micro push-out test was executed, and the patterns of failure were assessed with microscopy. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test. The control group exhibited greater bond strength compared to the eucalyptol group in the cervical and middle thirds of the root (P < 0.05); however, it did not differ significantly from the xylene and orange oil groups (P > 0.05). No difference was observed in the values of the xylene, orange oil, and eucalyptol groups (P > 0.05). The cervical third had higher values than the apical third for all tested solvents (P < 0.05). Adhesive failure between resin cement and dentin was the most frequent type of failure. The use of xylene and orange oil as gutta-percha solvents did not influence the bond strength of fiberglass posts to root canal dentin.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Dental Pulp Cavity', 'Dentin', 'Glass', 'Gutta-Percha', 'Post and Core Technique', 'Solvents']
| 24,930,746
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A14.549.167.900.265'], ['A14.549.167.900.280'], ['J01.637.437'], ['D20.215.721.061', 'D25.339.859.495', 'D25.720.327.840.119', 'J01.637.051.339.859.495'], ['E06.780.346.250.500', 'E07.695.190.088.500'], ['D27.720.844']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dural lesions in decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: incidence, risk factors and effect on outcome.
|
INTRODUCTION: Decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis is one of the most frequent operations on the spine today. The most common complication seems to be a peroperative dural lesion. There are few prospective studies on this complication regarding incidence and effect on long-term outcome; this is the background for the current study.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Swespine, the Swedish Spine Register documents the majority (>80%) of lumbar spine operations in Sweden today. Within the framework of this register, totally 3,699 operations for spinal stenosis during a 5-year period were studied regarding complications and 1-year postoperative outcome. Mean patient age was 66 (37-92) years and 44% were males. Fourteen percent were smokers and 19% had undergone previous lumbar spine surgery.RESULTS: The overall incidence of a peroperative dural lesion was 7.4%, 8.5% of patients undergoing decompressive surgery only and 5.5% of patients undergoing decompressive surgery + fusion (p < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis demonstrated that (high) age (p < 0.0004), previous surgery (p < 0.036) and smoking (p < 0.049) were significantly predictive factors for dural lesions. An odds ratio estimate demonstrated an age-related risk increase with 2.7% per year. The risk for dural lesions also increased with number of levels decompressed. The 1-year outcome was identical in the two groups with and without a dural lesion.CONCLUSION: A dural lesion was seen in 7.4% of decompressive operations for spinal stenosis. High age, previous surgery and smoking were risk factors for sustaining a lesion, which, however, did not affect the 1-year outcome negatively.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Awards and Prizes', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Dura Mater', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Spinal Injuries', 'Spinal Stenosis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,146,791
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['K01.150'], ['E04.188'], ['A08.186.566.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C26.117.500'], ['C05.116.900.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bone mineral status of Polish men in the course of normal ageing.
|
Age-related changes in the bone mineral content (BMC) of men are conditioned by both genetic and environmental factors distinctive for particular populations. This results in considerable differences between various populations concerning the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis, and the occurrence of normal variability in BMC among adult and elderly men. The aim of the study was to evaluate the variation of BMC with age in an ethnically homogenous sample of 405 healthy men, aged 20-60 years, all occupationally active inhabitants of the city of Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, Poland. Trabecular and total BMC at the ultradistal radius of the nondominant hand were assessed by peripheral quantitative computerized tomography using the Stratec 960 densitometer. Among Polish men a distinct phase of maximal BMC values (around the age of 30) was distinguished, with a subsequent, quite rapid decline in bone mass. For example, the peak value of trabecular BMC decreased by approximately 13.2% per decade. In Polish men up to 30-34 years old trabecular and total BMC even exceeded reference values by 10%; however, from 35 years onwards their BMC was lower than standard values. This unfavourable phenomenon of BMC decline was augmented with age, and finally BMC values in men aged 55 and over were 30-35% lower than reference values. The significant discrepancies found between the data presented in this study and reference values probably result from inter-populational differences in the lifestyles of healthy ageing men. The results also confirm that bone density (with its age-related changes in the course of normal male ageing) is one of the biological features characteristic of this particular regional population.
|
['Adult', 'Aging', 'Bone Density', 'Bone Diseases, Metabolic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poland', 'Prevalence']
| 11,683,704
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.345.124'], ['G11.427.100'], ['C05.116.198', 'C18.452.104'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Hold your breath - Differential behavioral and sensory acuity of mosquitoes to acetone and carbon dioxide.
|
Host seeking in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, and the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles coluzzii, relies on specific and generic host-derived odorants. Previous analyses indicate that the behavioral response of these species depends differentially on the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other constituents in human breath for activation and attraction. In this study, we use a flight tube assay and electrophysiological analysis to assess the role of acetone, a major component of exhaled human breath, in modulating the behavioral and sensory neuronal response of these mosquito species, in the presence and absence of CO2. When presented alone at ecologically relevant concentrations, acetone increases attraction in Ae. aegypti, but not in An. coluzzii. Moreover, in combination with CO2, human breath-equivalents of acetone ranging between 0.1 and 10 ppm reproduces a behavioral response similar to that observed to human breath in host-seeking Ae. aegypti, but not in An. coluzzii. Acetone does, however, reduce attraction to CO2 in An. coluzzii, when presented at a higher concentration of 10 ppm. We identify the capitate peg A neuron of the maxillary palp of both species as a dual detector of CO2 and acetone. The sensory response to acetone, or binary blends of acetone and CO2, reflects the observed behavioral output in both Ae. aegypti and An. coluzzii. We conclude that host recognition is contextual and dependent on a combination of ecologically relevant odorants at naturally occurring concentrations that are encoded, in this case, by differences in the temporal structure of the neuronal response. This information should be considered when designing synthetic blends for that optimally attract mosquitoes for monitoring and control.
|
['Acetone', 'Aedes', 'Animals', 'Anopheles', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Culicidae', 'Exhalation', 'Host-Seeking Behavior', 'Humans', 'Malaria', 'Odorants', 'Smell', 'Yellow Fever']
| 31,887,129
|
[['D02.522.064'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.120'], ['F01.145.113'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875'], ['G09.772.705.700.275'], ['F01.145.113.111.527', 'G16.559'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['F02.830.816.643', 'G11.561.790.643'], ['C01.920.500.980', 'C01.925.081.980', 'C01.925.782.350.250.980', 'C01.925.782.417.881']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Gunshot entrance wound abrasion ring width as a function of projectile diameter and velocity.
|
The relationships between gunshot entrance wound abrasion ring widths versus projectile diameter and velocity, using foam-backed deer hides as targets, were investigated. At a fixed velocity, abrasion ring width increased with increasing projectile diameter but decreased in proportion to the central defect diameter. For fixed-diameter projectiles, very slow and high velocities produced minimal abrasion width. Maximal abrasion width occurred at intermediate velocities. The authors postulate that abrasion width is a function of the ratio of projectile velocity and the maximum deformation velocity of the target skin. The largest abrasion width occurs when the ratio is one. Using a projectile velocity known to produce maximum abrasion width at an initial warm temperature, then decreasing the target deformation velocity by cooling, produced the expected results of decreasing abrasion width.
|
['Animals', 'Deer', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Skin', 'Temperature', 'Wounds, Gunshot']
| 2,007,864
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.373'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['A17.815'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['C26.986.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
'Being' a ventricular assist device recipient: A liminal existence.
|
Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are playing an increasing role in the management of heart failure. VADs are mechanical circulatory devices that support or replace the function of a failing heart. Currently, VADs are only offered in theUnited Kingdom (UK) to patients waiting for a heart transplant; however, the use of these devices is likely to increase in the near future. Presently, there is a dearth of literature exploring the day-to-day realities of living with a VAD, which will become increasingly important as the role of VADs is increased. This paper adopts an interpretive phenomenological approach to uncover the experience of 'Being' a VAD recipient. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 VAD recipients. The overarching theme is that life with a VAD is a liminal existence. This comprised four subthemes: the first examines how the VAD imposes limitations on recipients' lives that can precipitate a loss of identity; the second focuses on temporal disruptions, recipients' sense of time changes from authentic to inauthentic; the third explores how the VAD itself is liminal, it is positioned as temporary rather than as the 'answer' to the condition; and finally, we discuss VAD recipients' projections to the future and the possibility of an end to the experience of liminality.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Heart-Assist Devices', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Qualitative Research', 'Quality of Life', 'Time Factors', 'United Kingdom']
| 28,863,337
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['E04.050.430', 'E07.695.300.300', 'E07.858.082.374.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Serum CD95L Level Correlates with Tumor Immune Infiltration and Is a Positive Prognostic Marker for Advanced High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.
|
Soluble CD95L (s-CD95L) is a chemoattractant for certain lymphocyte subpopulations. We examined whether this ligand is a prognostic marker for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and whether it is associated with accumulation of immune cells in the tumor. Serum s-CD95L levels in 51 patients with advanced ovarian cancer were tested by ELISA. IHC staining of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD163, CD31, FoxP3, CCR6, IL-17, Granzyme B, PD-L1, and membrane CD95L was used to assess tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Although the intensity of CD3, CD8, CD4, CD20, and CD163 in tumor tissues remained constant regardless of membrane CD95L expression, tumors in patients with HGSOC with s-CD95L levels ?516 pg/mL showed increased infiltration by CD3+ T cells (P = 0.001), comprising both cytotoxic CD8+ (P = 0.01) and CD4+ (P = 0.0062) cells including FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (P = 0.0044). Also, the number of tumor-infiltrating CD20+ B cells (P = 0.0094) increased in these patients. Multivariate analyses revealed that low s-CD95L concentrations [<516 pg/mL, HR, 3.54; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-11.11), and <1,200 activated CD8+ (Granzyme B+) cells (HR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.16-5.95) were independent poor prognostic factors for recurrence, whereas >6,000 CD3+ cells (HR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15-0.79) was a good prognostic factor. Thus, low levels of s-CD95L (<516 pg/mL) are correlated with lower numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD3+ and CD8+, and also CD4 and FoxP3 T cells) in advanced HGSOC and are a poor prognostic marker. IMPLICATIONS: Serum s-CD95L is correlated with a number of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in HGSOC and could be used as a noninvasive marker of tumor immune infiltration to select patients referred for immunotherapy trials that evaluate checkpoint inhibitor treatment.
|
['Apoptosis', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous', 'Fas Ligand Protein', 'Female', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Prognosis', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 31,537,619
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D23.101.140'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.480.240', 'C04.557.470.590.480.240'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.249', 'D12.776.395.550.312', 'D12.776.467.374.750.249', 'D12.776.543.550.312', 'D23.529.374.750.249'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E01.789'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of the replicator region of megaplasmid pTAV3 of Paracoccus versutus and search for plasmid-encoded traits.
|
The replicon of the pTAV3 megaplasmid (approx. 400 kb) of Paracoccus versutus has been localized to a 4center dot3 kb EcoRI restriction fragment and its entire nucleotide sequence determined. The G+C content of the entire sequence is 66 mol%, which is within the range (62-66 mol%) previously determined for P. versutus total DNA. ORF1 encodes a replication initiation protein Rep (47.2 kDa), which shares substantial similarity with putative proteins of the Coxiella burnetii plasmids QpH1 and QpDV, and the replication protein of Pseudomonas syringae plasmid pPS10. ORF2, located in the opposite transcriptional orientation to ORF1, encodes a putative protein that shares similarity to a subfamily of ATPases involved in plasmid partitioning. The highest similarity was observed with homologous proteins (RepA) encoded by the repABC family of replicons found in several plasmids of Agrobacterium, Rhizobium and Paracoccus spp. The predicted product of ORF3 was similar to AcoR, Nif and NtrC transcriptional activators. A strong incompatibility determinant (inc) was localized between ORF1 (rep) and ORF2 (parA). The origin of replication of pTAV400 contains a short A+T-rich region and several imperfect palindromic sequences. Curing experiments demonstrated that the megaplasmid bears genes required for growth in minimal media and can therefore be referred to as a mini-chromosome. Megaplasmids pTAV3 of P. versutus UW1 and pKLW2 of Paracoccus pantotrophus DSM 11073 were found to carry closely related, incompatible replicons. It has been shown that plasmid pORI6 (containing oriV of pTAV3 cloned into plasmid pABW1, which does not replicate in Paracoccus spp.) can be trans activated not only by pTAV3, but also by pKLW2. Using pORI6, it was demonstrated that replication systems related to pTAV3 are also present in the replicons of Paracoccus alcaliphilus JCM 7364, Paracoccus thiocyanatus IAM 12816 and Paracoccus methylutens DM 12.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Gene Deletion', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Paracoccus', 'Plasmids', 'Replication Origin', 'Replicon', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 11,882,723
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.440.400.425.600', 'B03.660.050.750.600'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.760', 'G05.360.340.024.745.725'], ['G05.360.340.024.745'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of prior calcium hydroxide intracanal placement on sealing ability of MTA plugs.
|
This study sought to investigate how pretreatment intracanal placement of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) affected the sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plugs in simulated open apices. Maxillary central incisor teeth were cleaned and shaped in an identical manner. After root-end resection, samples were divided randomly into 2 control (n = 5) and 2 experimental groups (n = 35). The specimens in Group 1 were pretreated using a Ca(OH)2 medicament, while the samples of Group 2 received no medicament. One week later, a 5 mm apical plug of MTA was applied into the canals. The remaining portions of the canals were obturated with gutta percha. Group 1 had a significantly higher frequency of apical leakage than Group 2 (P < 0.05).
|
['Aluminum Compounds', 'Calcium Compounds', 'Calcium Hydroxide', 'Drug Combinations', 'Humans', 'Oxides', 'Root Canal Therapy', 'Silicates']
| 24,983,183
|
[['D01.056'], ['D01.146'], ['D01.045.250.313', 'D01.146.335', 'D01.248.497.158.459.150'], ['D26.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['E06.397.778'], ['D01.578.725', 'D01.837.725.700.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multifocal intraocular lenses and glare.
|
In a previous paper, we reported finding deficits in the contrast sensitivity functions of patients with diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOL's). The results were consistent with optical measurements of the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the IOL. When this MTF is treated as a linear spatial frequency filter, it predicts the existence of a glare effect; contrast threshold for the recognition of target letters should be elevated by a bright, adjacent stimulus. We tested this prediction by measuring contrast thresholds for recognizing 0.2 degrees Sloan letters on a background luminance of 11.2 cd/m2. The letters were presented inside bright (300 cd/m2) annular rings with inner diameters ranging from 0.42 to 1.22 degrees. Thresholds were measured for seven multifocal subjects, age-matched groups of monofocal subjects and phakic-control subjects, and a young group. Multifocal subjects exhibited a greater glare effect than monofocal subjects, and they in turn exhibited a greater effect than phakic-control subjects. The observed glare effect for multifocal subjects was about twice that expected from the spatial filtering property of the multifocal IOL.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cataract Extraction', 'Contrast Sensitivity', 'Humans', 'Lenses, Intraocular', 'Light', 'Middle Aged', 'Optics and Photonics', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Sensory Thresholds', 'Vision Disorders', 'Visual Acuity']
| 8,336,911
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.540.825.249'], ['E01.370.380.850.950.500', 'F02.463.593.778.435.110', 'F02.463.593.932.281', 'F02.463.593.932.901.500', 'G14.940.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.500.460', 'E07.695.460'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.671.617', 'J01.293.688'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['F02.463.593.710'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Effects of stress on allergic reaction].
|
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of stress on allergic reaction. We studied changes in the contact hypersensitivity reaction (CHR) of mice exposed to foot shock (FS) stress or psychological (PSY) stress induced by the communication box. CHR was elicited by applying antigen (2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, DNFB) to the ear of the mice at 4 days after DNFB sensitization. In acute stress experiments, DNFB-sensitized mice were exposed for 2 h to FS or PSY stress after contact challenge with DNFB. Acute FS stress significantly inhibited CHR immediately after the end of the stress period (3 h after DNFB-challenge), and a significant enhancement of the CHR was observed at 5 h after DNFB-challenge. The concentration of the serum corticosterone level of the mice exposed to acute FS stress significantly increased compared to the control mice, immediately after stress loading. Both CHR and serum corticosterone levels after acute PSY stress loading were almost the same as those of the control groups. The temporary decrease of the inflammatory reaction at CHR caused by acute FS stress loading may have been correlated with serum corticosterone produced by the stress, and the increase of corticosterone may act as a trigger of enhancement of the CHR (delayed-type hypersensitivity). Chronic stress experiments were designed to expose mice to FS or PSY stress 2 h daily after sensitization with DNFB. These chronic stresses caused a significant reduction in the body weight of mice. The temporary decrease effect on the CHR of chronic FS stress-loaded mice was similar to the acute FS stress-loaded mice. In contrast, no significant enhancement of the CHR (late phase) at 24 h and 48 h after challenge was observed. Although the changes in body weight suggested that mice were influenced by chronic PSY stress, no significant difference from the control group for the CHR of mice exposed to chronic PSY stress was found, as in the case of acute PSY stress loading. The correlation between chronic PSY stress and CHR remains to be ascertained.
|
['Animals', 'Corticosterone', 'Dermatitis, Contact', 'Dinitrofluorobenzene', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 11,676,177
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['C17.800.174.255', 'C17.800.815.255'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.565.280', 'D02.640.529.240.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['G07.775'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early protein ICP0 diffuses out of infected rabbit corneas.
|
Herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) results from infection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the cornea. Recurrent HSV infection is a leading cause of corneal scarring and visual loss. Although it is generally thought that HSK is the result of an immune response to one or more viral proteins, no viral proteins have been detected in HSK corneas. Thus, the viral proteins involved in HSK, if any, remain undetermined. In contrast, it is reported here that when HSK corneal buttons from latently infected rabbits were fixed using standard procedures, the important immediate-early HSV-1 protein ICP0 was readily detected in the fixative by Western blotting. Similarly, when HSK corneal buttons were soaked in buffer (rather than fixative), ICP0 was readily detected in the soaking buffer. Other HSV-1 proteins were not detected either in the fixative or in the soaking buffer. It is also reported here that ICP0 was consistently detected in virus-free tears from the eyes of rabbits acutely infected with HSV-1. These results suggest that ICP0 rapidly diffuses out of the cornea and may explain why ICP0 was detected in the fixative of HSK corneas and in the soaking buffer of acutely infected corneas.
|
['Animals', 'Corneal Diseases', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Herpes Simplex', 'Herpesvirus 1, Human', 'Humans', 'Immediate-Early Proteins', 'Rabbits', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases']
| 16,227,219
|
[['B01.050'], ['C11.204'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C01.925.256.466.382', 'C01.925.825.320', 'C17.800.838.790.320'], ['B04.280.382.100.750.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.460', 'D12.776.964.925.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D08.811.464.938.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of tuberculosis spatial hotspot areas in Antananarivo, Madagascar, by combining spatial analysis and genotyping.
|
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem in Madagascar. A crucial element of TB control is the development of an easy and rapid method for the orientation of TB control strategies in the country. Our main objective was to develop a TB spatial hotspot identification method by combining spatial analysis and TB genotyping method in Antananarivo.METHODS: Sputa of new pulmonary TB cases from 20 TB diagnosis and treatment centers (DTCs) in Antananarivo were collected from August 2013 to May 2014 for culture. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) clinical isolates were typed by spoligotyping on a Luminex® 200 platform. All TB patients were respectively localized according to their neighborhood residence and the spatial distribution of all pulmonary TB patients and patients with genotypic clustered isolates were scanned respectively by the Kulldorff spatial scanning method for identification of significant spatial clustering. Areas exhibiting spatial clustering of patients with genotypic clustered isolates were considered as hotspot TB areas for transmission.RESULTS: Overall, 467 new cases were included in the study, and 394 spoligotypes were obtained (84.4%). New TB cases were distributed in 133 of the 192 Fokontany (administrative neighborhoods) of Antananarivo (1 to 15 clinical patients per Fokontany) and patients with genotypic clustered isolates were distributed in 127 of the 192 Fokontany (1 to 13 per Fokontany). A single spatial focal point of epidemics was detected when ignoring genotypic data (p = 0.039). One Fokontany of this focal point and three additional ones were detected to be spatially clustered when taking genotypes into account (p < 0.05). These four areas were declared potential TB transmission hotspots in Antananarivo and will be considered as priority targets for surveillance in the future.CONCLUSION: This method, combining spatial analysis and TB genotyping will now be used for further focused clinical and epidemiological studies in Madagascar and will allow better TB control strategies by public health authorities.
|
['Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Madagascar', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Spatial Analysis', 'Sputum', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 28,806,916
|
[['G05.365'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.639.520.500'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['E05.318.740.933', 'N05.715.360.750.746', 'N06.850.520.830.933'], ['A12.200.808'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Changes in mean airway pressure during HFOV influences cardiac output in neonates and infants.
|
BACKGROUND: Changes in mean airway pressure affect cardiac output during conventional positive pressure ventilation. The effect of high-frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) on cardiac output is less studied.METHODS: A prospective study in a university hospital pediatric intensive care unit. Fourteen patients aged <1 year and weighing <10 kg who were on HFOV were included. All patients had been on HFOV for >12 h and were considered to be in a stable condition. In the study group (n = 9) the mean proximal airway pressure (Paw) was increased and decreased by +5 and -3 cmH2O, respectively, from baseline in each patient. Measurements were made at each level including baseline settings between each change. In a control group (n = 5) no changes in ventilatory parameters were made. Cardiac output was assessed with echocardiography and the Doppler technique at each level of Paw and at similar intervals in the control group.RESULTS: Cardiac output changed significantly when Paw was changed in the study group (P = 0.02), with the greatest change at the highest Paw at -11% (range: -19 to -9) compared with baseline. We found no significant changes over time in the control group.CONCLUSION: This study shows that CO is affected by changes in mean airway pressure during HFOV in concordance with the known effects of mean airway pressure during conventional positive pressure ventilation. The mean changes are smaller than expected compared with earlier studies of conventional mechanical ventilation. Further studies are needed to better understand these relationships.
|
['Cardiac Output', 'High-Frequency Ventilation', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Pressure', 'Stroke Volume']
| 14,995,945
|
[['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E02.041.625.508', 'E02.880.820.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G01.374.715'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of regional left ventricular function by dual source computed tomography: interobserver variability and validation to laevocardiography.
|
OBJECTIVE: Assessment of left ventricular function is possible in contrast-enhanced cardiac CT data sets. However, rapid ventricular motion especially in systole can lead to artifacts. Dual Source Computed Tomography (DSCT) has high temporal resolution which effectively limits motion artifact. We therefore assessed the accuracy of DSCT to detect regional left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in comparison to invasive cine angiocardiography.METHODS: We analyzed DSCT data sets of 50 patients (39 male, 11 female, mean age: 61+/-10 years) which were acquired after intravenous injection of 55-70 mL contrast agent (rotation time: 330 ms, collimation: 2 mm x 64 mm x 0.6 mm, 120 kV, 380 mAs, ECG-correlated tube current modulation). 10 data sets consisting of transaxial slices with a slice thickness of 1.5 mm, an increment of 1.0 mm and a matrix of 256 x 256 pixels were reconstructed at 10 time instants during the cardiac cycle (0-90% in 10% increments). The data sets were analyzed visually by two independent readers, using standard left ventricular planes, concerning regional wall motion abnormalities. DSCT was verified in a blinded fashion against cine ventriculography performed during cardiac catheterization (RAO and LAO projection), using a 7-segment model. Analysis was performed on a per-patient (presence of at least one hypo-, a- or dyskinetic segment) and on a per-segment basis.RESULTS: Concerning the presence of a wall motion abnormality, the two observers agreed in 340/350 segments (97%) and 48/50 patients (96%). In invasive cine angiocardiography, 22 of 50 patients displayed at least one segment with abnormal contraction. To detect these patients, DSCT showed a sensitivity of 95% (21/22), specificity of 96% (27/28), positive predictive value of 95% and negative predictive value of 96%. Out of a total of 350 left ventricular segments, 66 segments had abnormal contraction in cine angiocardiography (34 hypokinetic, 26 akinetic, 6 dyskinetic). For detection of these segments, DSCT had a sensitivity of 88% (58/66), specificity of 98% (278/284), positive predictive value of 91% (58/64) and negative predictive value of 97% (278/286).CONCLUSION: DSCT allows the detection of regional wall motion abnormalities with high interobserver agreement as well as high sensitivity and specificity. Whereas sensitivity and positive predictive value were higher in a per-patient- in comparison to a per-segment-based analysis, specificity, negative predictive value and interobserver agreement did not differ considerably between both analyzing methods.
|
['Angiocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 18,619,752
|
[['E01.370.350.130.249', 'E01.370.350.700.060.050', 'E01.370.370.050.050', 'E01.370.370.380.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Penile prosthesis in Peyronie's disease.
|
Many patients with Peyronie's disease suffer severe penile curvature, impotence, and respond poorly to conservative management. Sixteen patients with intractable Peyronie's disease had surgical incision of Peyronie's plaque and insertion of semi-rigid or inflatable penile implants. Patients had satisfactory results with elimination of curvature and resumption of coitus. Surgical procedures are indicated for impotent patients with Peyronie's disease who are unresponsive to conservative treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Penile Induration', 'Penis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prostheses and Implants']
| 6,883,047
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C12.294.644.486', 'F03.835.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.294.494.508', 'C17.300.715'], ['A05.360.444.492'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E07.695']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Postoperative mortality in surgery of cholelithiasis: a retrospective analysis from the years 1972-1980].
|
In a retrospective study (1972-1980) we analyzed the postoperative mortality of 2916 consecutive cholecystectomies or interventions on the common bile ducts respectively. The mean age of the patients was 54 years (17-92 years), 63% were older than 60 years; 74% were women. We show that age, histology, intervention, stone localization, sex and concomitant internal diseases influenced the early postoperative mortality. The overall mortality was 0.7% (21 patients), 0.7% in the under 60 years old patients, 1.8% in the older aged group. The mortality in chronic cholecystitis was 0.5%, in acute cholecystitis 2.6%. After simple cholecystectomy we observed a mortality of 0.3%, after cholecystectomy and common bile duct intervention 2.5% (p less than 0.001), and after intervention on the common bile ducts 7.3%. Stones only in the gallbladder were associated with a mortality of 0.3%, cholecysto- and choledocholithiasis with 2.8% and choledocholithiasis alone with 7.3%. The mortality in men was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher as in women (1.2 against 0.6%). In 76% of the deceased we diagnosed preoperatively a concomitant internal disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cholecystectomy', 'Choledochostomy', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Gallstones', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Switzerland']
| 2,315,581
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.210.120.172'], ['E04.035.200', 'E04.210.120.200'], ['C06.130.409'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C06.130.409.633', 'C06.130.564.332.500', 'C23.300.175.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.542.883']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Eye-hand coordination and its relationship with sensori-motor impairments in stroke survivors.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate eye-hand coordination in stroke survivors and its relationship with sensori-motor impairments and hand functioning in daily life.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SUBJECTS: Fifteen subjects with stroke (mean age 62.5 years (standard deviation (SD) 7.1); time post-stroke 5.2 years (SD 3.0)) recruited by convenience sampling.METHODS: A fast finger-pointing task towards a moving visual target was employed to investigate the differences between the subjects' affected and unaffected hands in terms of reaction time, movement time and accuracy. Their sensori-motor impairments in tactile sensation, handgrip strength, Fugl-Meyer scores and Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test scores were measured.RESULTS: Significant differences were found between the affected and unaffected hands in terms of movement time and accuracy in finger pointing. Movement time was significantly correlated with tactile sensitivity, handgrip strength and total Fugl-Meyer score, while accuracy correlated with tactile sensitivity and total Fugl-Meyer score. Total scores on the hand function test also correlated significantly with reaction time and movement time.CONCLUSION: The stroke survivors had poorer eye-hand coordination, in terms of slower movement and reduced accuracy when using their affected hand. These performance measures were significantly correlated with several sensori-motor impairments. A significant correlation was also found between eye-hand coordination performance and hand function test scores.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Eye Movements', 'Female', 'Fingers', 'Hand', 'Hand Strength', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Activity', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation']
| 20,461,340
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G11.427.410.140', 'G14.350'], ['A01.378.800.667.430'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['E01.370.600.425.500', 'G11.427.560.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477.500', 'E02.831.477.500', 'H02.403.680.600.750.500', 'N02.421.784.511.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fasting plasma glucose versus glucose challenge test: screening for gestational diabetes and cost effectiveness.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance in screening for gestational carbohydrate intolerance of the 1-h 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting capillary glucose (FCG).DESIGN AND METHODS: FPG and FCG were measured at the same time as the GCT in 188 women. Gestational carbohydrate intolerance was diagnosed according to the Canadian Diabetes Association criteria. We constructed receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves and compared the sensitivity and specificity of the FPG, FCG and GCT.RESULTS: Gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 11.2% women and gestational impaired glucose tolerance in 8.4%. The areas under the ROC curves for the FPG, the GCT and the FCG were not statistically different (P = 0.26). The GCT yielded a better specificity than the FPG and the FCG for a comparable level of sensitivity.CONCLUSIONS: The GCT is better than the FPG in our population and is cost effective.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Diabetes, Gestational', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Glucose Intolerance', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy']
| 15,329,316
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['C13.703.170', 'C18.452.394.750.448', 'C19.246.200'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['C18.452.394.952.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transcript profiling and gene characterization of three fatty acid desaturase genes in high, moderate, and low linolenic acid genotypes of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and their role in linolenic acid accumulation.
|
Three genes encoding fatty acid desaturase 3 (fad3a, fad3b, and a novel fad3c) were cloned from four flax genotypes varying in linolenic acid content. Real-time PCR was used to quantify expression levels of the three fad3 genes during seed development. High amounts of both fad3a and fad3b transcripts were observed and reached their peak levels at 20 days after anthesis, except for fad3a from SP2047 where only low level expression was observed throughout seed development. Transcript accumulation of the novel fad3c gene was at similar background levels. The fatty acid composition was analysed for all genotypes and stages of development and compared with the fad3 gene expression patterns. á-Linolenic acid gradually accumulated during seed development, while linoleic acid was transient and decreased in M5791, UGG5-5, and AC McDuff. In contrast, the linolenic acid present in the early stages of development nearly completely disappeared in SP2047, while linoleic acid steadily accumulated. fad3a of the low linolenic acid line SP2047 encoded a truncated protein caused by a premature stop codon resulting from a single point mutation, and the low level of transcript accumulation in this genotype is likely due to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay caused by the premature termination of translation as a result of this early stop codon. Although substantial amounts of transcript accumulation occurred with fad3b of SP2047 genotype, cloning of the gene revealed a mutation in the first histidine box causing an amino acid change. Heterologous expression in yeast of the SP2047 and UGG5-5 fad3b genes showed that the mutation in the histidine box in SP2047 caused the enzyme inactivity. Taken together, these results showed that fad3a and fad3b are responsible for linolenic acid accumulation in flax seeds but did not support a major role for the novel fad3c. These observations were further supported by phenotypic and genotypic assessment of a doubled haploid population. Expression patterns of fad3a and fad3b were highly correlated with linolenic acid accumulation during seed development, with the exception of fad3b in SP2047 whose lack of activity was caused by the histidine box mutation despite its transcript accumulation being similar to that of the fad3b of the other genotypes.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Codon, Nonsense', 'DNA, Plant', 'Fatty Acid Desaturases', 'Flax', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genotype', 'Haploidy', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Plant', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'alpha-Linolenic Acid']
| 21,627,464
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.735.544.355.250.235', 'G05.360.335.355.250.235', 'G05.365.590.195'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.392'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.797.620.500'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.700.456'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.635'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D10.212.302.380.410.100', 'D10.251.355.310.640.400', 'D10.251.355.337.100']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of lysosomal storage disorders on biology of mesenchymal stem cells: Evidences from in vitro silencing of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) and alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) enzymes.
|
Lysosomal storage disorders (LDS) comprise a group of rare multisystemic diseases resulting from inherited gene mutations that impair lysosomal homeostasis. The most common LSDs, Gaucher disease (GD), and Fabry disease (FD) are caused by deficiencies in the lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GBA) and alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) enzymes, respectively. Given the systemic nature of enzyme deficiency, we hypothesized that the stem cell compartment of GD and FD patients might be also affected. Among stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a commonly investigated population given their role in hematopoiesis and the homeostatic maintenance of many organs and tissues. Since the impairment of MSC functions could pose profound consequences on body physiology, we evaluated whether GBA and GLA silencing could affect the biology of MSCs isolated from bone marrow and amniotic fluid. Those cell populations were chosen given the former's key role in organ physiology and the latter's intriguing potential as an alternative stem cell model for human genetic disease. Our results revealed that GBA and GLA deficiencies prompted cell cycle arrest along with the impairment of autophagic flux and an increase of apoptotic and senescent cell percentages. Moreover, an increase in ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated staining 1 hr after oxidative stress induction and a return to basal level at 48 hr, along with persistent gamma-H2AX staining, indicated that MSCs properly activated DNA repair signaling, though some damages remained unrepaired. Our data therefore suggest that MSCs with reduced GBA or GLA activity are prone to apoptosis and senescence due to impaired autophagy and DNA repair capacity.
|
['Amniotic Fluid', 'Apoptosis', 'Autophagy', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Separation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Child', 'DNA Repair', 'Fabry Disease', 'Female', 'Gaucher Disease', 'Glucosylceramidase', 'Humans', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'RNA Interference', 'Retinoblastoma Protein', 'S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stem Cell Niche', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'alpha-Galactosidase']
| 28,098,348
|
[['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.011'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['A11.251'], ['G04.043'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.200', 'C10.228.140.300.275.374', 'C14.907.253.329.374', 'C16.320.322.124', 'C16.320.565.189.435.825.200', 'C16.320.565.398.641.803.300', 'C16.320.565.595.554.825.200', 'C18.452.132.100.435.825.200', 'C18.452.584.687.803.300', 'C18.452.648.189.435.825.200', 'C18.452.648.398.641.803.300', 'C18.452.648.595.554.825.200'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.189.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.398.641.803.441', 'C16.320.565.595.554.825.400', 'C18.452.132.100.435.825.400', 'C18.452.584.687.803.441', 'C18.452.648.189.435.825.400', 'C18.452.648.398.641.803.441', 'C18.452.648.595.554.825.400'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.412'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D12.776.260.704', 'D12.776.624.776.745', 'D12.776.660.807', 'D12.776.744.770'], ['G04.144.109.875', 'G04.144.500.800.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G04.366.249'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.050']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Genetic evidence for a novel thymidylate synthase in the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum and in Campylobacter jejuni.
|
A search of the complete genome sequence of the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum failed to identify a gene homologous to the thymidylate synthase (thyA) gene present in the closely related Haloferax volcanii. To understand the source of thymidine synthesis in Hbt. salinarum, a genomic library of Hbt. salinarum was constructed and used to complement a Hfx. volcanii thyA deletion mutation. The Hbt. salinarum ORF that complemented the thyA mutation shares sequence homology with ORFs found in numerous microorganisms that lack a thyA gene, including the recently discovered thyX of Helicobacter pylori. We also show that a homolog of the Hbt. salinarum ORF is present in Campylobacter jejuni and is able to complement an Escherichia coli thyA mutant under oxygen-limiting conditions.
|
['Campylobacter jejuni', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Archaeal', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Genomic Library', 'Halobacterium salinarum', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Thymidylate Synthase', 'Transformation, Bacterial']
| 12,423,760
|
[['B03.440.180.425', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.375'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.124', 'G05.360.340.358.024.124', 'G05.360.340.358.050.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['G05.360.325.425', 'G05.360.340.425'], ['B02.200.400.400.410.450'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.862'], ['E05.393.350.810.500', 'G05.728.860.500', 'G05.728.865.820', 'G06.099.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optic canal location by computed tomography.
|
The aim of this study was to provide anatomic data for optic canal decompression. One hundred twenty people (55 males and 65 females) were involved in this study anonymously. Twelve parameters are measured in computed tomography: P1 is the nasal bone tip; P2 is the middle point of tuberculum sellae; P3 is the root of columella nasi; P4 is the cranium end of the optic canal; P5 is the orbit end of the optic canal; P1' is P1's projection on L2; L1 is the line that links P1 and P2; L2 goes through P3 and parallel to L1; L3 is the bisector of right and left and goes through P1. The distance between LI and L2 was 30.47 ± 3.71 mm. The distance between P3 and P1' was 11.66 ± 2.82 mm. The medial canal wall length was 10.64 ± 1.10 mm on the right and 10.51 ± 1.07 mm on the left (P = 0.001). The distance between P1 and P4 was 66.74 ± 5.97 mm. The distance between P1 and P5 was 73.04 ± 6.33 mm on the right and 72.82 ± 6.33 mm on the left (P = 0.004). The distance between P5 and L3 was 6.62 ± 1.33 mm. The distance between P4 and L3 was 12.26 ± 1.63 mm. The distance between P3 and P4 was 75.82 ± 4.63 mm. The distance between P3 and P5 was 82.87 ± 4.60 mm on the right and 82.25 ± 4.86 mm on the left (P = 0.003). The angle between P1P4 and L3 was 12.26 ± 1.63 degrees. The angle between P1P5 and L3 was 5.28 ± 1.13 degrees. The angle between P3P5 and P3P4 was 5.80 ± 0.97 degrees. These results provide a precise location of the optic canal.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Optic Nerve', 'Orbit', 'Skull', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 23,348,301
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.690'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Viscoelastic substance in the anterior chamber elevates intraocular pressure.
|
An 85-year-old man underwent an extracapsular cataract extraction OD with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. Sodium hyaluronate (0.3 mL) was used during the procedure, and approximately 1.0 mL of the solution, including the sodium hyaluronate, was aspirated before wound closure. The next day, the intraocular pressure OD was elevated to 60 mmHg, and it remained high despite medication. Three days later, the intraocular pressure was still high, a paracentesis was done, and viscous solution was obtained. After the paracentesis, the intraocular pressure OD normalized.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anterior Chamber', 'Cataract Extraction', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Lenses, Intraocular', 'Male', 'Ocular Hypertension']
| 8,198,361
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A09.371.060.067'], ['E04.540.825.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['G14.440'], ['E07.632.500.460', 'E07.695.460'], ['C11.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Finite-element investigation on center of resistance of maxillary anterior teeth].
|
A three-dimensional finite element model of premaxillary bone and anterior teeth was established with ANSYS 13.0. The anterior teeth were fixed with strong stainless labial archwire and lingual frame. In the horizontal loading experiments, a horizontal retraction force of 1.5 N was applied bilaterally to the segment through hooks at the same height between 7 and 21 mm from the incisal edge of central incisor; in vertical loading experiments, a vertical intrusion force of 1.5 N was applied at the midline of lingual frame with distance between 4 and 16 mm from the incisal edge of central incisor. After loading, solution was done and displacement and maximum principle stress were calculated. After horizontal loading, lingual displacement and stress in periodontal membrane (PDM) was most homogeneous when the traction force was 14 mm from the edge of central incisor; after vertical loading, intrusive displacement and stress in PDM were most homogeneous when the traction force was 12 mm from the incisal edge of central incisor. The results of this study suggested that the location of center of resistance (CRe) of six maxillary anterior teeth is about 14 mm gingivally and 12 mm lingually to incisal edge of central incisor. The location can provide evidence for theoretical and clinical study in orthodontics.
|
['Dental Models', 'Dental Stress Analysis', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Humans', 'Incisor', 'Maxilla', 'Periodontal Ligament', 'Tongue']
| 25,764,710
|
[['E06.261', 'J01.897.280.500.545.129.200', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129.200'], ['E06.308'], ['E05.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['A14.549.167.646.771'], ['A03.556.500.885', 'A14.549.885']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antagonism of nicotine's action by cocaine analogs.
|
Structure-activity relationships of a number of synthetic cocaine analogs are described comparing their effectiveness in antagonizing the behavioral effects of nicotine in mice with their ability to compete for [3H]mecamylamine, [3H]nicotine, and [3H]3-quinuclidinylbenzilate ([3H]QNB) binding to calf brain membranes. Within a series of phenyltropane carboxylic acid methyl esters the most potent analogues were the 4-I and 4-F-phenyl analogs, while replacement of F by Cl or alkyl groups diminished potency. The isopropyl and phenylcarboxylic acid esters were comparable in potency to the methyl esters. There appeared to be a relationship between the potency of the analogs in inhibiting the dopamine transporter and nicotine antagonism. A good correlation was observed between pharmacologic potency and [3H]mecamylamine binding to brain membranes. It was concluded that the antagonistic action of the cocaine analogs involved an ion channel site on the neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptors.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Cattle', 'Cocaine', 'Mecamylamine', 'Mice', 'Nicotine', 'Quinuclidinyl Benzilate', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 7,823,767
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['D02.455.426.100.080.550.500', 'D04.075.080.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['D02.241.223.601.238.306.740', 'D02.241.511.085.740', 'D03.605.687.800'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sodium hyaluronate's effect on xerophthalmia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Several studies in the past have attempted to demonstrate the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of xerophthalmia. However, results have been conflicting and a definite conclusion has not yet been reached. In order to provide integrated evidence for the effectiveness of sodium hyaluronate and to judge the methodological value of relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in nearly thirty years, we conducted this meta-analysis.METHODS: A range of electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library Database, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) without language restrictions. Two independent reviewers assessed trials for eligibility and quality, and meta-analysis was performed using the STATA 12.0 software. An integrated odds ratio (OR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated.RESULTS: Six RCTs were included with a total of 839 xerophthalmia patients. The meta-analysis results revealed that patients with xerophthalmia who received the intervention of sodium hyaluronate eye drops didn't have significantly higher remission rate of dry eye symptoms than those in controlled groups (OR = 1.811, 95% CI = 0.741-4.429, p = 0.193). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the statistical results were robust. No publication bias was detected in this meta-analysis (p > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Although sodium hyaluronate can be used to help relieve the symptoms of dry eyes, present evidence cannot show in unequivocal terms that patients with xerophthalmia can benefit more from the clinical application of sodium hyaluronate than other eye drops or therapies.
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['Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Male', 'Ophthalmic Solutions', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Xerophthalmia']
| 26,613,131
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[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['D26.776.708.645', 'D27.505.954.578.645', 'D27.720.752.608'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['C11.187.810', 'C11.496.260.892']]
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['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
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