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Dielectric and calorimetric studies of hydrated purple membrane.
|
Purple membranes (PM) from halobacteria were hydrated to approximately 0.4 and approximately 0.2 g H(2)O/g of PM and studied by dielectric spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry between 120 and 300 K. The dielectric process, attributed to a local (beta) relaxation of the confined supercooled water, shows an Arrhenius temperature behavior at low temperatures. In the case of the most hydrated PM a small deviation from the Arrhenius behavior occurs at 190-200 K together with a pronounced endothermic process and an increased activation energy. The observed crossover is accompanied by a reduction of the interlayer spacing due to the partial loss of the intermembrane water. All these effects at approximately 200 K are consistent with a scenario where the local relaxation process merges with a nonobservable alpha-relaxation of the interlayer water, giving rise to a more liquid-like behavior of the interfacial water. For the less hydrated sample the effects are less pronounced and shift to a slightly higher temperature.
|
['Calorimetry', 'Calorimetry, Differential Scanning', 'Electrophysiology', 'Euryarchaeota', 'Kinetics', 'Lipids', 'Models, Statistical', 'Purple Membrane', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Temperature', 'Water']
| 16,055,533
|
[['E05.196.131'], ['E05.196.131.310', 'E05.196.370.310'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['B02.200'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D10'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['A11.284.149.648', 'A20.871'], ['E05.196.867'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
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Prime Example. A Calif. community's inability to stop a failing not-for-profit hospital from being sold, converted has national implications.
|
Approval of the sale of a California hospital to a for-profit ended a contentious struggle in the community, where advocates of keeping it not-for-profit worked to stop the sale. The battle highlights the difficulties facing not-for-profits. "Everybody is interested in the best thing for their community and yet because of the difficult economics of healthcare, there are no solutions agreeable to all parties," says consultant Phil Dalton, left.
|
['Bankruptcy', 'California', 'Commerce', 'Community-Institutional Relations', 'Decision Making, Organizational', 'Health Facility Merger', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Hospitals, Voluntary', 'Poverty', 'Residence Characteristics']
| 17,380,994
|
[['N03.219.463.045'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['J01.219'], ['N04.452.822.210'], ['N04.452.190'], ['N02.278.235'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N02.278.421.481.800'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 0
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Conical polyurethane implants: an uplifting augmentation.
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BACKGROUND: Polyurethane-coated conical implants were introduced by Silimed (US distributor: Sientra, Santa Barbara, California) in 2008 and offer an alternative to round or anatomically shaped implants. By their design and volume distribution, they naturally create central volume and give a reasonable fullness to the upper pole while lifting some ptotic breasts, thus avoiding the need for classical mastopexy.OBJECTIVES: The authors discuss the advantages of conical implants as an alternative to conventional silicone implants for women with breast ptosis.METHODS: In the 2-year period between December 2010 and December 2012, a consecutive series of 302 women underwent implant-based breast surgery procedures (236 primary augmentations, 59 revisions, and 7 mastopexy-augmentations) with conical polyurethane devices. Implant volumes ranged from 225 to 560 cc, with low- to medium-profile devices predominating. No extra-high-profile implants were used. Only 1 patient had a drain inserted on completion of a revision augmentation.RESULTS: There were no infections (0%) and no wound dehiscence (0%). Four cases required reoperation (1.3%). Patient satisfaction scores were universally high (average, 9.94/10). There have been no capsular contractures to date, but follow-up is short.CONCLUSION: The modern conical, polyurethane implant has many advantages over the conventional round or anatomically shaped implants and offers patients an ideal compromise between volume, natural upper pole fullness, and a lift without mastopexy scars.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Implantation', 'Breast Implants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Polyurethanes', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Reoperation', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 24,335,014
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.218.565.210', 'E04.650.210', 'E04.680.500.210'], ['E07.695.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['D02.241.081.251.944.750', 'D05.750.716.650', 'D25.720.327.782', 'D25.720.716.650', 'J01.637.051.720.327.782', 'J01.637.051.720.716.650', 'J01.637.412.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
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[Quantitative assessment of vasculature with DCE-MRI in nasopharyngeal carcinomas following radiotherapy and its value for efficacy evaluation].
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes in quantitative kinetic parameters in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) during radiotherapy and their value for efficacy evaluation in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).METHODS: Twenty-four patients with NPC that had been pathologically confirmed as poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma underwent conventional MRI and DCE-MRI scans 1-2 days before radiotherapy (Pre-RT), during radiotherapy (RT 50 Gy), and upon completion of radiotherapy (RT 70 Gy). Based on the two-compartment model and using the arterial input function deconvolution technique, we calculated the quantitative kinetic parameters of DCE-MRI (K(trans), kep, and Ve) of the tumor tissues, examined the correlation between the tumor regression rate (RS0-50) and the parameters on Pre-RT and RT 50 Gy, and compared the parameters for RT 70 Gy among the groups with different prognosis.RESULTS: The K(trans) value of the tumor tissue decreased after radiotherapy and showed a significant difference between Pre-RT and RT 70 Gy, but not between Pre-RT and RT 50 Gy. The kep value decreased and Ve value increased after radiotherapy. The tumor regression rate was found to be positively correlated with the K(trans) value for Pre-RT (P=0.005) but negatively with the K(trans) value for RT 50 Gy (P=0.001). During the follow-up for 3 years, 5 patients died and 3 patients had distant metastases. No statistical differences in K(trans), kep, or Ve were found between the groups with different prognosis.CONCLUSIONS: The kinetic parameters in DCE-MRI, which vary significantly during radiotherapy, allow monitoring of tumor angiogenesis and vascular permeability and quantitative assessment of treatment efficacy for NPC. K(trans) value for Pre-RT and RT 50 Gy can serve as an indicator for early efficacy assessment of radiotherapy and for treatment adjustment, but its relation with the long-term outcomes awaits further study.
|
['Algorithms', 'Capillary Permeability', 'Carcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Prognosis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,198,942
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G03.143.330', 'G09.330.165'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.623', 'C04.588.443.665.710.650.500', 'C07.550.350.650.500', 'C07.550.745.650.500', 'C09.647.710.650.500', 'C09.775.350.650.500', 'C09.775.549.650.500'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.650', 'C07.550.350.650', 'C07.550.745.650', 'C09.647.710.650', 'C09.775.350.650', 'C09.775.549.650'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
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A "housekeeping" gene on the X chromosome encodes a protein similar to ubiquitin.
|
An X chromosome gene located 40 kilobases downstream from the G6PD gene, at Xq28, was isolated and sequenced. This gene, which we named GdX, spans about 3.5 kilobases of genomic DNA. GdX is a single-copy gene, is conserved in evolution, and has the features of a "housekeeping" gene. At its 5' end, a cluster of CpG dinucleotides is methylated on the inactive X chromosome and unmethylated on the active X chromosome. The GdX gene can code for a 157 amino acid protein, GdX. Residues 1-74 of GdX show 43% identity to ubiquitin, a highly conserved 76 amino acid protein. The COOH-terminal moiety of GdX is characterized in its central part (residues 110-128) by a sequence homologous to the COOH-terminal hormonogenic site of thyroglobulin. The structural organization of the GdX protein suggests the existence of a family of genes, in addition to the ubiquitin gene, that could play specific roles in key cellular processes, possibly through protein-protein recognition.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'DNA', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Ubiquitins', 'X Chromosome']
| 2,829,204
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D13.444.308'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['D12.776.947'], ['A11.284.187.865.982', 'G05.360.162.865.982']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
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Processing nanoengineered scaffolds through electrospinning and mineralization suitable for biomimetic bone tissue engineering.
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Processing scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of natural bone in structure and chemical composition is a potential promising option for engineering physiologically functional bone tissue. In this article, we report a novel method, by combining electrospinning and mineralization, to process a series of nano-fibrous scaffolding systems with desirable characteristics suitable for biomimetic bone tissue engineering. We have chosen two types of polymers, namely collagen and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), natural and synthetic of its kind, respectively, to electrospin into nano-fibrous scaffolds. The electrospun scaffolds have high surface area, high porosity and well connected open pore network. In order to mimic the chemical composition of native bone ECM, the electrospun scaffolds were subjected to mineralization under optimal conditions. From the experimental results, we observed that the formation of bone-like apatite into collagen was relatively abundant and significantly more uniform than PLGA. The major finding of this study has suggested that the surface functional groups of the scaffolding material, such as carboxyl and carbonyl groups of collagen, are important for the mineralization in vitro. In addition, this study revealed that the mineralization process predominantly induce the formation of nanosize carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) during collagen mineralization, whilst nanosize hydroxyapatite (HA) is formed during PLGA mineralization. These findings are critically important while selecting the material for processing bone scaffolding system.
|
['Biomimetic Materials', 'Bone Matrix', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Electrochemistry', 'Materials Testing', 'Nanostructures', 'Nanotechnology', 'Rotation', 'Tissue Engineering']
| 19,627,790
|
[['J01.637.087'], ['A10.165.265.166'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['E05.570'], ['J01.637.512'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['G01.482.703'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
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|
Endothelin ETA and ETB receptors in subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced cerebral vasospasm.
|
The relative roles of endothelin ETA and ETB receptor activation in cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage were investigated in the rabbit. The endothelin ETA receptor antagonist, BQ610 (1 microM; homopiperidinyl-CO-Leu-D-Trp(CHO)-D-Trp-OH), and the endothelin ETA/ETB receptor antagonist, PD145065 (1 microM; Ac-D-Bhg-L-Leu-L-Asp-L-Ile-L-Ile-L-Trp), relaxed the vasospastic basilar artery in situ by 45% and 87%, respectively. These results suggest that subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced vasospasm of the rabbit basilar artery is due to activation of both endothelin ETA and ETB receptors.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Ischemic Attack, Transient', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligopeptides', 'Rabbits', 'Receptors, Endothelin', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']
| 7,957,585
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.836', 'C14.907.253.092.836'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.220', 'D12.776.543.750.750.320'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Matrix metalloproteinase 2 genotype is associated with nonanastomotic biliary strictures after orthotopic liver transplantation.
|
BACKGROUND: Nonanastomotic biliary strictures (NAS) are a serious complication after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in connective tissue remodelling in chronic liver disease and complications after OLT.AIM: To evaluate the relationship between MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene polymorphisms and NAS.METHODS: MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) and MMP-9 (-1562 C/T) gene promoter polymorphisms were analysed in 314 recipient-donor combinations. Serum levels of these MMPs were determined in subgroups of patients as well. NAS were identified with various radiological imaging studies performed within 4 years after OLT and defined as any stricture, dilation or irregularity of the intra- or extrahepatic bile ducts of the liver graft followed by an intervention, after exclusion of hepatic artery thrombosis and anastomotic strictures.RESULTS: The average incidence of NAS was 15%. The major clinical risk factor for the development of NAS was PSC in the recipient. The presence of the MMP-2 CT genotype in donor and/or recipient was associated with a significantly higher incidence of NAS, up to 29% when both donor and recipient had the MMP-2 CT genotype (P=0.003). In the multivariate analyses, pre-OLT PSC (hazard ratio 2.1, P=0.02) and MMP-2 CT genotype (hazard ratio 3.5, P=0.003) were found to be independent risk factors for the development of NAS after OLT. No obvious association was found between NAS and the MMP-9 genotype and serum levels of the MMPs.CONCLUSION: MMP-2 CT genotype of donor and recipient is an independent risk factor, in addition to PSC, for the development of NAS after OLT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cholangitis, Sclerosing', 'Cholestasis', 'Constriction, Pathologic', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Radiography', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 21,745,270
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['C06.130.120.200.110'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['C23.300.287'], ['G05.330'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.150', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.150', 'D12.644.276.848.150', 'D12.776.467.836.150'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
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Urinary biomarkers of oxidative and nitrosative stress and the risk for incident stroke: a nested case-control study from a community-based cohort.
|
BACKGROUND: Oxidative and nitrosative stress has suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, but has unclear relationship with the risk for incident stroke.METHODS: In this nested case-control study, cases consisted of 131 participants who were free of stroke at screening and experienced incident stroke during the follow-up period. Controls were 1:1 frequency-matched for age and sex. Baseline levels of urinary creatinine-indexed biomarkers were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, including 8-iso-prostaglandin F₂á (8-iso-PGF₂á), 4-hydroxynonenal conjugate with mercapturic acid, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and 8-nitroguanine.RESULTS: The levels of urinary 8-iso-PGF₂á in stroke cases were higher than in controls [median (interquartile range), 1.13 (2.23-4.36) ìg/g creatinine versus 0.71 (1.34-3.02) ìg/g creatinine, p=0.004]. After adjusting cardiovascular risk factors, the association remained that higher level of urinary 8-iso-PGF₂á entailed the greater risk for incident stroke [per 1 standard deviation increase in log-transformed value, adjusted odds ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-1.85; p=0.005] with a significant increasing trend across its quartiles (p for trend=0.016). After adding urinary 8-iso-PGF₂á, the prediction model not only improved discrimination between participants with or without incident stroke (integrated discrimination improvement, 0.025; 95% CI, 0.006-0.045; p=0.005), but enhanced stroke risk stratification (net reclassification improvement, 19.8%; 95% CI, 4.6-35.1%; p=0.011). In contrast, the relationships were non-significant among the other three biomarkers.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated that urinary 8-iso-PGF₂á could be an independent biomarker of oxidative stress for prediction of the risk for incident stroke.
|
["8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine", 'Aged', 'Aldehydes', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chromatography', 'Creatinine', 'Deoxyguanosine', 'Dinoprost', 'Female', 'Guanine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 25,675,904
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240.500', 'D13.570.230.360.500', 'D13.570.583.454.240.500'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.047'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.196.181'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240', 'D13.570.230.360', 'D13.570.583.454.240'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.400.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.400.200'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hypohistidinemia in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
|
The mean level of plasma histidine in 86 children with rheumatoid arthritis was found to be significantly lower in comparison with that of controls. The possible influence of various drugs on the plasma histidine concentration is discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arthritis, Juvenile', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans']
| 1,258,635
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C05.550.114.122', 'C05.799.056', 'C17.300.775.049', 'C20.111.198'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Multidimensional Prognostic Index in Association with Future Mortality and Number of Hospital Days in a Population-Based Sample of Older Adults: Results of the EU Funded MPI_AGE Project.
|
BACKGROUND: The Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) has been found to predict mortality in patients with a variety of clinical conditions. We aimed to assess the association of the MPI with future mortality and number of in-hospital days for the first time in a population-based cohort.METHODS: The study population consisted of 2472 persons, aged 66-99 years, from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, Sweden, who underwent the baseline visit 2001-4, and were followed up >10 years for in-hospital days and >12 years for mortality. The MPI was a modified version of the original and aggregated seven domains (personal and instrumental activities of daily living, cognitive function, illness severity and comorbidity, number of medications, co-habitation status, and nutritional status). The MPI score was divided into risk groups: low, medium and high. Number of in-hospital days (within 1, 3 and 10 years) and mortality data were derived from official registries. All analyses were age-stratified (sexagenarians, septuagenarians, octogenarians, nonagenarians).RESULTS: During the follow-up 1331 persons (53.8%) died. Laplace regression models, suggested that median survival in medium risk groups varied by age from 2.2-3.6 years earlier than for those in the corresponding low risk groups (p = 0.002-p<0.001), and median survival in high risk groups varied by age from 3.8-9.0 years earlier than for corresponding low risk groups (p<0.001). For nonagenarians, the median age at death was 3.8 years earlier in the high risk group than for the low risk group (p<0.001). The mean number of in-hospital days increased significantly with higher MPI risk score within 1 and 3 years for people of each age group.CONCLUSION: For the first time, the effectiveness of MPI has been verified in a population-based cohort. Higher MPI risk scores associated with more days in hospital and with fewer years of survival, across a broad and stratified age range.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Epidemiologic Studies', 'European Union', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Models, Statistical', 'Mortality', 'Prognosis', 'Sweden']
| 26,222,546
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500'], ['I01.615.500.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E01.789'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Nuclear receptor coactivator-6 attenuates uterine estrogen sensitivity to permit embryo implantation.
|
Uterine receptivity to embryo implantation is coordinately regulated by 17â-estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone (P(4)). Although increased E(2) sensitivity causes infertility, the mechanisms underlying the modulation of E(2) sensitivity are unknown. We show that nuclear receptor coactivator-6 (NCOA6), a reported coactivator for estrogen receptor á (ERá), actually attenuates E(2) sensitivity to determine uterine receptivity to embryo implantation under normal physiological conditions. Specifically, conditional knockout of Ncoa6 in uterine epithelial and stromal cells does not decrease, but rather markedly increases E(2) sensitivity, which disrupts embryo implantation and inhibits P(4)-regulated genes and decidual response. NCOA6 enhances ERá ubiquitination and accelerates its degradation, while loss of NCOA6 causes ERá accumulation in stromal cells during the preimplantation period. During the same period, NCOA6 deficiency also caused a failure in downregulation of steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3), a potent ERá coactivator. Therefore, NCOA6 controls E(2) sensitivity and uterine receptivity by regulating multiple E(2)-signaling components.
|
['Animals', 'Embryo Implantation', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Nuclear Receptor Coactivators', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Uterus']
| 23,079,602
|
[['B01.050'], ['G08.686.784.170.104.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.644.360.024.314', 'D12.776.157.057.080', 'D12.776.476.024.394', 'D12.776.660.675', 'D12.776.930.617'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A familial study of C5+cholinesterase and its frequency in the normal population.
|
A case of familial hypercholinesterasemia was presented. A cholinesterase isoenzyme study revealed the extra C5 band nearer to the cathode than C4 on the gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 6 out of 8 subjects in the family. No significant difference in the effect of inhibitors and activator was found when compared with the normal control. We investigated the frequency of variant with C5+cholinesterase in normal healthy subjects. The frequency of the extra C5 band found in the normal healthy population in Japan was 1.2%. It was considered to be clinically useful for differential diagnosis of patients with elevated serum cholinesterase to find subjects with familial hypercholinesterasemia.
|
['Cholinesterases', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Variation', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pedigree']
| 3,220,244
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.673']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Elimination of Klebsiella pneumoniae NDM from the air and selected surfaces in hospital using radiant catalytic ionization.
|
Due to increasing antibiotic resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae is a serious threat for the hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was the assessment of radiant catalytic ionization (RCI) efficacy on K. pneumoniae reduction in the air and on selected surfaces. Four K. pneumoniae NDM and ESBLs-producing strains were included in the study. Three types of surface were tested: cotton-polyester, terry and PVC. It was found that RCI significantly reduced the number of bacteria from all types of surface (terry: 0·56-1·22 log CFU m2 , cotton-polyester: 2·15-3·71 log CFU per m2 , PVC: 4·45-4·92 log CFU per m2 ) as well as from the air (1·80 log CFU per m3 ). The RCI technology may be a useful disinfection method in hospitals. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Microbial contamination of air and surfaces in hospitals play an important role in healthcare-associated infections. The aim was the assessment of Klebsiella pneumoniae elimination using radiant catalytic ionization (RCI). K. pneumoniae are aetiological agent of nosocomial infections, such as: pneumonia, infections of urinary tract, blood, e.t.c. The strains producing the New Delhi metallo-â-lactamases are one of the greatest epidemiological threat. The use of RCI eliminate the tested bacteria from the hospital environment, but can also be effective in food processing plants or public facilities, ensuring the safety of people and products. This research is scarce in references and has a large innovation and application potential.
|
['Air Microbiology', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cross Infection', 'Humans', 'Klebsiella Infections', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Microbial Viability', 'Radiation, Ionizing', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 31,536,642
|
[['H01.158.273.540.274.110', 'N06.850.425.110'], ['D12.776.097'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.503'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['G06.580'], ['G01.750.750'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Geriatric psychiatry training: a brief clinical rotation.
|
Burgeoning interest in geriatric psychiatry has created a challenge of optimally fitting geriatric content into already crowded psychiatric residency curricula. The authors review general considerations in geriatric psychiatry training and describe a brief clinical rotation for working with the elderly. The brief rotation is not presented as the ideal way of imparting geriatric psychiatry skills, but as an effective use of limited time to improve one's approach to the older patient. The clinical rotation enables the resident to learn more about psychiatric issues in later life, as well as to acquire a better perspective on other parts of the life cycle and on other aspects of psychiatry.
|
['Aged', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Curriculum', 'Female', 'Geriatric Psychiatry', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Mental Disorders', 'Patient Care Team', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'United States']
| 7,356,055
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['I02.158'], ['F04.096.544.380', 'H02.403.690.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['F03'], ['N04.590.715'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Household demography and early childhood mortality in a rice-farming village in Northern Laos.
|
This paper extends Alexandr Chayanov's model of changing household demography (specifically the ratio of food consumers to food producers) and its influence on agricultural behavior so that it includes possible adverse effects of a rising ratio on nutritional status and early childhood mortality within the household. We apply the model to 35 years' worth of longitudinal demographic and economic data collected in the irrigated-rice growing village of Na Savang in northern Laos. When appropriate controls are included for other household variables, unobserved inter-household heterogeneity, and changes in local conditions and national policy over the study period, the analysis suggests that a unit increase in the household's consumer/producer ratio induces something like a nine-fold increase in the risk of death among household members aged less than five years. Monte Carlo simulation studies suggest that this may be an over-estimate but also that the effect is probably real and likely to be an important factor in household demography. At the very least, the results suggest that Chayanov's model still has theoretical relevance and deserves to be revived.
|
['Agriculture', 'Child Mortality', 'Child, Preschool', 'Family Characteristics', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Mortality', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Laos', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Nutritional Status', 'Rural Population', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 25,775,467
|
[['J01.040'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.287', 'N01.224.935.698.150', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.287', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.287'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.475', 'N01.224.935.698.489', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.475'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.252.145.435'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['N01.600.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Epiglottic hematoma leading to airway obstruction after general anesthesia.
|
Bleeding into the upper airway can cause airway obstruction and death if not recognized promptly. Anesthesiologists are quite familiar with potential airway obstruction from acute epiglottitis, but they may be less familiar with the potential for airway obstruction from epiglottic hematoma. We report what we believe is the second case of epiglottic hematoma after anesthesia and surgery that led to an acute upper airway obstruction. Our case was unique in that there was no excessive airway trauma during tracheal intubation. Most important, this case emphasizes that patients receiving multiple anticoagulants--as our patient was--are at risk for airway bleeding, epiglottic hematoma formation, and airway obstruction.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Airway Obstruction', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Anticoagulants', 'Epiglottis', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Diseases', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 11,880,019
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C08.618.846.185'], ['E03.155.197'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['A02.165.257.625.411', 'A02.165.407.500.411', 'A04.329.591.411'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.360', 'C09.400'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Detection of MYCN DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosing isolated central nervous system relapse in neuroblastoma.
|
We present the case of a 1-year-old female with stage-4 neuroblastoma with MYCN amplification; she was treated with five chemotherapy courses, resulting in normalization of elevated serum levels of tumor markers. Complete remission was achieved after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning. Nine months later, however, the tumor relapsed in the central nervous system (CNS). The serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the tumor markers were normal, but the MYCN copy number was high only in the CSF DNA, suggesting an isolated CNS recurrence. The MYCN copy number in the CSF DNA was reflective of response to treatment.
|
['Central Nervous System Neoplasms', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Oncogene Proteins', 'Prognosis']
| 21,370,425
|
[['C04.588.614.250', 'C10.551.240'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D12.776.260.103.500.625', 'D12.776.260.108.092.625', 'D12.776.624.664.700.158', 'D12.776.930.125.500.563', 'D12.776.930.127.092.625'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.624.664'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A device for long term, in vitro loading of three-dimensional natural and engineered tissues.
|
In vitro studies of mechanical loads applied to three-dimensional tissue constructs are important to the design and production of functional, engineered bone tissue. This study reports the development and characterization of a mechanical device capable of subjecting a three-dimensional section of natural or engineered tissue to precise, reproducible four-point bending deformations over a range of programmable magnitudes and frequencies. To test the biological and mechanical capabilities of the system, a low-cycle (360 cycles/day), medium-range strain (2500 microstrain), long-term (16 day) loading regime was applied to rat bone marrow stromal cells cultured in porous DL-polylactic acid scaffolds. Cells proliferated in culture throughout the experiment, and with time showed an increase in alkaline phosphatase expression per cell. Calcium and phosphorus mineral deposition by the unloaded group was significantly greater (p<0.05) than that deposited by the loaded group. The molar ratio of calcium to phosphorus in the unloaded group (0.94:1) was significantly greater (p<0.05) than that of the loaded group (0.41:1). The loading device presented here is a tool which can be used to help elucidate contributions of mechanical loading/fatigue on biodegradable materials, as well as study the effects of mechanical loading on natural or engineered tissues in vitro.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Calcium', 'Equipment Design', 'Osteogenesis', 'Phosphorus', 'Rats', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Tissue Engineering']
| 14,758,925
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.320'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['D01.268.666'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.374.835'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fate of pesticides during the winemaking process in relation to malolactic fermentation.
|
The effect of red wine malolactic fermentation on the fate of seven fungicides (carbendazim, chlorothalonil, fenarimol, metalaxyl, oxadixyl, procymidone, and triadimenol) and three insecticides (carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, and dicofol) was investigated. After malolactic fermentation using Oenococcus oeni, which simulated common Australian enological conditions, the concentrations of the active compounds chlorpyrifos and dicofol were the most significantly reduced, whereas the concentrations of chlorothalonil and procymidone diminished only slightly. The effect of these pesticides on the activity of the bacteria was also studied. Dicofol had a major inhibitory effect on the catabolism of malic acid, whereas chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, and fenarimol had only a minor effect.
|
['Fermentation', 'Food Handling', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Insecticides', 'Lactic Acid', 'Leuconostoc', 'Malates', 'Pesticide Residues', 'Wine']
| 15,826,054
|
[['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['B03.353.750.475.450', 'B03.510.550.475.450'], ['D02.241.081.337.463', 'D02.241.511.505'], ['D27.720.031.700.672', 'D27.888.723.697', 'N06.850.460.200.700'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A comparison of genotyping-by-sequencing analysis methods on low-coverage crop datasets shows advantages of a new workflow, GB-eaSy.
|
BACKGROUND: Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), a method to identify genetic variants and quickly genotype samples, reduces genome complexity by using restriction enzymes to divide the genome into fragments whose ends are sequenced on short-read sequencing platforms. While cost-effective, this method produces extensive missing data and requires complex bioinformatics analysis. GBS is most commonly used on crop plant genomes, and because crop plants have highly variable ploidy and repeat content, the performance of GBS analysis software can vary by target organism. Here we focus our analysis on soybean, a polyploid crop with a highly duplicated genome, relatively little public GBS data and few dedicated tools.RESULTS: We compared the performance of five GBS pipelines using low-coverage Illumina sequence data from three soybean populations. To address issues identified with existing methods, we developed GB-eaSy, a GBS bioinformatics workflow that incorporates widely used genomics tools, parallelization and automation to increase the accuracy and accessibility of GBS data analysis. Compared to other GBS pipelines, GB-eaSy rapidly and accurately identified the greatest number of SNPs, with SNP calls closely concordant with whole-genome sequencing of selected lines. Across all five GBS analysis platforms, SNP calls showed unexpectedly low convergence but generally high accuracy, indicating that the workflows arrived at largely complementary sets of valid SNP calls on the low-coverage data analyzed.CONCLUSIONS: We show that GB-eaSy is approximately as good as, or better than, other leading software solutions in the accuracy, yield and missing data fraction of variant calling, as tested on low-coverage genomic data from soybean. It also performs well relative to other solutions in terms of the run time and disk space required. In addition, GB-eaSy is built from existing open-source, modular software packages that are regularly updated and commonly used, making it straightforward to install and maintain. While GB-eaSy outperformed other individual methods on the datasets analyzed, our findings suggest that a comprehensive approach integrating the results from multiple GBS bioinformatics pipelines may be the optimal strategy to obtain the largest, most highly accurate SNP yield possible from low-coverage polyploid sequence data.
|
['Crops, Agricultural', 'Genome, Plant', 'Genotype', 'Genotyping Techniques', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Polyploidy', 'Software', 'Soybeans', 'Whole Genome Sequencing', 'Workflow']
| 29,281,959
|
[['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['G05.380'], ['E05.393.442'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['C23.550.210.702', 'G05.365.590.175.677', 'G05.700.740'], ['L01.224.900'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['E05.393.760.700.825'], ['L01.906.893']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lipopolysaccharide perception leads to dynamic alterations in the microtranscriptome of Arabidopsis thaliana cells and leaf tissues.
|
BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules which have recently emerged as important gene regulators in plants and their gene expression analysis is becoming increasingly important. miRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by translational repression or target degradation of specific mRNAs and gene silencing. In order to profile the microtranscriptome of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf and callus tissues in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), small RNA libraries were constructed at 0 and 3 h post induction with LPS and sequenced by Illumina sequencing technology.RESULTS: Differential regulation of subset of miRNAs in response to LPS treament was observed. Small RNA reads were mapped to the miRNA database and 358 miRNAs belonging to 49 miRNA families in the callus tissues and 272 miRNAs belonging to 40 miRNA families in the leaf tissues were identified. Moreover, target genes for all the identified miRNAs families in the leaf tissues and 44 of the 49 miRNAs families in the callus tissues were predicted. The sequencing analysis showed that in both callus and leaf tissues, various stress regulated-miRNAs were differentially expressed and real time PCR validated the expression profile of miR156, miR158, miR159, miR169, miR393, miR398, miR399 and miR408 along with their target genes.CONCLUSION: A. thaliana callus and leaf callus tissues respond to LPS as a microbe-associated molecular pattern molecule through dynamic changes to the microtranscriptome associated with differential transcriptional regulation in support of immunity and basal resistance.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Base Sequence', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'MicroRNAs', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Cells', 'Plant Leaves', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Transcriptome']
| 25,848,807
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A11.750'], ['A18.024.812'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Micronutrient Deficiency Independently Predicts Adverse Health Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure.
|
BACKGROUND: Despite growing evidence on the important role of micronutrients in prognosis of heart failure (HF), there has been limited research that micronutrient deficiency predicts health outcomes in patients with HF.PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether micronutrient deficiency independently predicts adverse health outcomes.METHODS: A total of 113 consecutive outpatients with HF completed a 3-day food diary to measure intake of 15 micronutrients. The Computer Aided Nutrition Analysis Program for Professionals was used to analyze the food diaries and determine dietary micronutrient deficiencies. Patients completed the Minnesota Living With HF Questionnaire to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and were followed up for 1 year to determine cardiac-related hospitalization or cardiac death. Hierarchical multiple linear regressions and Cox proportional hazard regressions were used to determine whether micronutrient deficiencies predicted health outcomes.RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients (51%) had at least 3 micronutrient deficiencies (range, 0-14). Calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D were the most common micronutrient deficiencies. Micronutrient deficiency was independently associated with worse HRQoL (â = .187, P = .025) in hierarchical multiple linear regression. Thirty-nine patients were hospitalized or died during 1-year follow-up because of cardiac problems. The number of micronutrient deficiencies independently predicted cardiac event-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.28).CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that micronutrient deficiency independently predicted poor HRQoL and earlier cardiac event-free survival in patients with HF. Further research is needed to provide for specific dietary guidelines for better health outcomes in HF patients.
|
['Adult', 'Deficiency Diseases', 'Diet, Healthy', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Micronutrients', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutritional Status', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 26,544,174
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C18.654.521.500'], ['F01.829.458.205.500', 'G07.203.650.240.629'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['D27.505.696.494', 'G07.203.300.681.500', 'J02.500.681.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
DNA reassociation kinetics in relation to genome size in four amphibian species.
|
DNA reassociation kinetics were studied, by means of the hydroxyapatite chromatography method, for four species of Amphibians with different nuclear DNA content: Xenopus laevis (3 pg DNA per haploid genome) and Bufo bufo (7 pg) of the Anura subclass and Triturus cristatus (23 pg) and Necturus maculosus (52 pg) of the Urodela subclass. Within each subclass the two species studied were found to have about the same absolute amount of unique DNA. The differences of total nuclear DNA can be accounted for by quantitative variations of the repetitive sequence classes, at least in part due to changes in the number of copies of the various sequences. On the contrary the great difference in nuclear DNA between the two subclasses, Anura and Urodela, involves all sequence classes in parallel; the slowly reassociating fraction appears to be unique in spite of a tenfold difference in absolute amount. The dependence of reassociation kinetics on DNA fragment length for the four species indicates for all of them an interspersed organization of the various sequence classes.
|
['Amphibians', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'Bufo bufo', 'DNA', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Weight', 'Nucleic Acid Renaturation', 'Nucleic Acids', 'Triturus', 'Urodela', 'Xenopus']
| 826,380
|
[['B01.050.150.900.090'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.210.108'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.494'], ['G02.111.619'], ['D13.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.608.700.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.608'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increased all-terrain vehicle crash accidents in older riders.
|
OBJECTIVE: Recent reports on all-terrain vehicle (ATV) accidents cite high injury and death rates, disproportionately affecting younger riders. We sought to determine whether serious injuries at a level 1 trauma center have increased among older riders.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the trauma registry, 300 ATV accidents from March 1, 1997 through March 30, 2007 were identified. A total of 250 patients admitted over the last six years (2001 through 2007) were stratified into earlier and later three-year time periods and by age groups. A Student t test was used for continuous variables and a chi-square for categorical variables. A P value <0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS: During the last three years, ATV injury admissions (all ages) increased by 78% (P = 0.003). Pediatric ATV admissions (<age 16) were significantly decreased (P = 0.02). ATV accidents in riders over age 50 increased significantly over time (P = 0.04). There were four deaths under age 16 and three deaths over age 50. Patients over age 50 had more severe and frequent thoracic injuries and used more hospital resources.CONCLUSION: ATV accidents with severe injuries have increased dramatically at our trauma center and include increased numbers of older riders. Riders over age 50 are generally not identified as a subset of the population vulnerable to such incidents. Preventive efforts should include older riders.
|
['Accidents', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Off-Road Motor Vehicles', 'Protective Clothing', 'Registries', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Tennessee', 'Trauma Centers', 'Young Adult']
| 19,373,172
|
[['N06.850.135'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['J01.937.500.600'], ['E07.700.600', 'J01.637.215.600', 'J01.637.708.560.875'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.775'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Bilateral first rib fractures associated with driver's air bag inflation: case report and implications for surgery.
|
A case of bilateral fractures of the first rib occurring in an otherwise fit road traffic accident victim is described. The only other injuries sustained were of the peripheral limbs. The driver's air bag was inflated during the crash, leading to speculation as to whether this may have contributed to the mechanism of injury. The patient was well oxygenated and cardiovascularly stable with no evidence of neurovascular damage to the thoracic aorta or its branches. Aortic arch aortography was not performed before internal fixation of the peripheral fractures was undertaken under general anaesthesia. A review of the indications for angiography in such patients follows. The policy that patients with fractures of the upper first ribs do not require angiography unless there is other evidence of neurovascular damage is supported.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Adult', 'Air Bags', 'Angiography', 'Craniocerebral Trauma', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Hand Injuries', 'Humans', 'Leg Injuries', 'Male', 'Multiple Trauma', 'Rib Fractures']
| 9,422,183
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E07.700.100', 'J01.637.708.100'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C10.900.300', 'C26.915.300'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['C26.404'], ['C26.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558'], ['C26.640'], ['C26.404.593', 'C26.891.733']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ridge sowing of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in a minimum till system improves the productivity, oil quality, and profitability on a sandy loam soil under an arid climate.
|
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a major oilseed crop grown for its edible oil across the globe including Pakistan. In Pakistan, the production of edible oil is less than the required quantity; the situation is being worsened with the increasing population. Thus, there is dire need to grow those sunflower genotypes which perform better under a given set of agronomic practices. In this 2-year study, we compared four sunflower genotypes, viz., Armoni, Kundi, Sinji, and S-278 for their yield potential, oil contents, fatty acid composition, and profitability under three sowing methods, viz., bed sowing, line sowing, and ridge sowing and two tillage system, viz., plow till and minimum till. Among the sunflower genotypes, the genotype Armoni produced the highest plant height, number of leaves, head diameter, 1000-achene weight, and achene yield; the oil contents and oleic acid were the highest in genotype Sinji. Among the sowing methods, the highest number of leaves per plant, head diameter, number of achenes per head, achene yield, and oil contents were recorded in ridge sowing. Among the tillage systems, the highest head diameter 16. 2 cm, 1000-achene weight (57.2 g), achene yield (1.8 t ha-1), oil contents (35.2%), and oleic acid (15.2%) were recorded in minimum till sunflower. The highest net benefits and benefit to cost ratio were recorded in minimum till ridge sown Armoni genotype. In conclusion, the genotype Armoni should be grown on ridges to achieve the highest achene yield, oil contents, and net profitability.
|
['Desert Climate', 'Fatty Acids', 'Helianthus', 'Pakistan', 'Plant Leaves', 'Seeds', 'Soil', 'Sunflower Oil']
| 29,446,028
|
[['G16.500.275.071.325', 'N06.230.300.100.250.325'], ['D10.251'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.400'], ['Z01.252.245.723'], ['A18.024.812'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D20.215.784.750.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Surgical treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus.
|
During the period 1976-1983, a total of 72 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus were seen. Exploration was undertaken in 62 patients and all those explored had their tumours resected. The overall operative mortality rate was 12.9 per cent. Overall survival rates were 49 per cent at 1 year, 31 per cent at 2 years and 11.5 per cent at 5 years.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Time Factors']
| 6,487,971
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Insulin resistance and liver injury in hepatitis C is not associated with virus-specific changes in adipocytokines.
|
UNLABELLED: The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, leptin, and adiponectin in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated insulin resistance (IR) remains controversial. We tested the hypothesis that these adipocytokines contribute to chronic HCV-associated IR and liver injury by first comparing their serum levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 154 untreated, non-diabetic, HCV-infected male subjects with fibrosis stage 0-2, to that in 75 healthy volunteers matched for age, body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip ratio (WHR). We next examined whether the adipocytokine levels were associated with the extent of hepatic steatosis, portal/periportal inflammation and fibrosis in our total cohort of 240 HCV-infected male subjects. Significantly higher levels of HOMA-IR (2.12 versus 1.63, P = 0.01), TNFalpha (1.28 versus 0.60 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and IL6 (2.42 versus 1.15 pg/ml, P = 0.001) were noted in the HCV cohort compared with healthy controls respectively, but there were no significant differences in leptin and adiponectin concentrations. By multiple linear regression, independent predictors of HOMA-IR included the body mass index, and the serum levels of leptin (positive correlation) and adiponectin (negative correlation), but not that of TNFalpha and IL6. Only TNFalpha levels were correlated with the extent of histological injury (portal/periportal inflammation, P = 0.02).CONCLUSION: Whereas leptin and adiponectin contribute to IR, none of the adipocytokines accounted for the elevated IR in HCV-infected subjects. The adipocytokines were not associated with histological features of chronic HCV infection except for TNFalpha which correlated with portal/periportal inflammation. HCV-associated IR is most likely an adipocytokine-independent effect of the virus to modulate insulin sensitivity.
|
['Adiponectin', 'Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Genotype', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leptin', 'Liver', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Selection', 'Reference Values', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Viral Load']
| 17,596,870
|
[['D06.472.699.042.249', 'D12.644.276.024.249', 'D12.644.548.011.249', 'D12.776.467.024.249', 'D23.529.024.249'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['G05.380'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Excitation-Contraction Coupling Time is More Sensitive in Evaluating Cardiac Systolic Function.
|
Background: Pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy is a key step leading to heart failure. Previous cellular and animal studies demonstrated that deteriorated excitation-contraction coupling occurs as early as the compensated stage of hypertrophy before the global decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). This study was to evaluate the cardiac electromechanical coupling time in evaluating cardiac systolic function in the early stage of heart failure.Methods: Twenty-six patients with Stage B heart failure (SBHF) and 31 healthy controls (CONs) were enrolled in this study. M-mode echocardiography was performed to measure LVEF. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) combined with electrocardiography (ECG) was used to measure cardiac electromechanical coupling time.Results: There was no significant difference in LVEF between SBHF patients and CONs (64.23 ± 8.91% vs. 64.52 ± 5.90%; P = 0.886). However, all four electromechanical coupling time courses (Qsb: onset of Q wave on ECG to beginning of S wave on TDI, Qst: onset of Q wave on ECG to top of S wave on TDI, Rsb: top of R wave on ECG to beginning of S wave on TDI, and Rst: top of R wave on ECG to top of S wave on TDI) of SBHF patients were significantly longer than those of CONs (Qsb: 119.19 ± 35.68 ms vs. 80.30 ± 14.81 ms, P < 0.001; Qst: 165.42 ± 60.93 ms vs. 129.04 ± 16.97 ms, P = 0.006; Rsb: 82.43 ± 33.66 ms vs. 48.30 ± 15.18 ms, P < 0.001; and Rst: 122.37 ± 36.66 ms vs. 93.25 ± 16.72 ms, P = 0.001), and the Qsb, Rsb, and Rst time showed a significantly higher sensitivity than LVEF (Rst: P =0.032; Rsb: P = 0.003; and Qsb: P = 0.004).Conclusions: The cardiac electromechanical coupling time is more sensitive than LVEF in evaluating cardiac systolic function.
|
['Adult', 'Echocardiography', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Systole', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 30,058,581
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The failure of morphine to attenuate spinal cord nociceptive transmission through supraspinal actions in the cat.
|
Morphine sulphate was perfused between the third ventricle and cisterna magna in alpha-chloralose anaesthetized cats while recording from multireceptive dorsal horn neurones activated by peripheral noxious radiant heat. Morphine concentrations of 10(-5) and 10(-4) M were without effect, while 10(-3) M resulted in an increase in the spinal cord neuronal responses. The results do not support the notion that morphine activates a supraspinal mediated descending inhibition which antagonizes spinal cord nociceptive transmission.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Female', 'Hot Temperature', 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'Male', 'Morphine', 'Nociceptors', 'Spinal Cord', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 3,013,718
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['E02.319.267.530.550'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['A08.675.650.915.875', 'A08.800.950.875', 'A11.671.650.915.875'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Medicinal plants for the treatment of urogenital tract pathologies according to Dioscorides' De Materia Medica.
|
The De Materia Medica of the Greek Dioscorides reports about 200 plants used for the treatment of pathologies of the urogenital tract during the 1st century AD. On the basis of explicit and implicit affirmations by Dioscorides, a theoretical system concerning the specific properties of these plants has been attempted. Comparison of the species reported by Dioscorides and Pliny the Elder for renal affections does not support the thesis of a close relationship between De Materia Medica and the Naturalis Historia.
|
['Female Urogenital Diseases', 'Greek World', 'History, Ancient', 'Humans', 'Male Urogenital Diseases', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plants, Medicinal']
| 9,189,241
|
[['C13.351'], ['I01.076.201.450.226.800.250'], ['K01.400.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12'], ['E02.190.755'], ['B01.650.560']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibitory effect of natural organic matter or other background constituents on photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes: Mechanistic model development and validation.
|
The ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to interact with priority pollutants is crucial for efficient water treatment by photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). However, background compounds in water such as natural organic matter (NOM) can significantly hinder targeted reactions and removal efficiency. This inhibition can be complex, interfering with degradation in solution and at the photocatalyst surface as well as hindering illumination efficiency and ROS production. We developed an analytical model to account for various inhibition mechanisms in catalytic AOPs, including competitive adsorption of inhibitors, scavenging of produced ROS at the surface and in solution, and the inner filtering of the excitation illumination, which combine to decrease ROS-mediated degradation. This model was validated with batch experiments using a variety of ROS producing systems (OH-generating TiO2 photocatalyst and H2O2-UV; (1)O2-generating photosensitive functionalized fullerenes and rose bengal) and inhibitory compounds (NOM, tert-butyl alcohol). Competitive adsorption by NOM and ROS scavenging were the most influential inhibitory mechanisms. Overall, this model enables accurate simulation of photocatalytic AOP performance when one or more inhibitory mechanisms are at work in a wide variety of application scenarios, and underscores the need to consider the effects of background constituents on degradation efficiency.
|
['Catalysis', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Photolysis', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 26,302,091
|
[['G02.130'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G02.740.685'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative studies on the stereo architecture of the connective tissue papillae in some mammalian tongues.
|
The epithelial cell layer was removed from the underlying connective tissue papillae by the method of long term hydrochloric acid treatment and the connective tissue surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Tongues of insectivora (Suncus murinus), rodentia (mouse, rat, guinea pig), carnivores (dog, cat) and primates (man) were studied. Each animal species had proper architecture of connective tissue papillae as to four types of lingual papillae. There was a tendency for the stereo structure of connective tissue papillae of these lingual papillae to become more complicated from insectivora to primates.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Connective Tissue', 'Dogs', 'Epithelium', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Rats', 'Species Specificity', 'Tongue']
| 2,748,642
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['A10.165'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G16.824'], ['A03.556.500.885', 'A14.549.885']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
On the importance of accounting for competing risks in pediatric cancer trials designed to delay or avoid radiotherapy: I. Basic concepts and first analyses.
|
PURPOSE: In trials designed to delay or avoid irradiation among children with malignant brain tumor, although irradiation after disease progression is an important event, patients who have disease progression may decline radiotherapy (RT), or those without disease progression may opt for elective RT. To accurately describe the cumulative need for RT in such instances, it is crucial to account for these distinct events and to evaluate how each contributes to the delay or advancement of irradiation via a competing risks analysis.METHODS AND MATERIALS: We describe the summary of competing events in such trials using competing risks methods based on cumulative incidence functions and Gray's test. The results obtained are contrasted with standard survival methods based on Kaplan-Meier curves, cause-specific hazard functions and log-rank test.RESULTS: The Kaplan-Meier method overestimates all event-specific rates. The cause-specific hazard analysis showed reduction in hazards for all events (A: RT after progression; B: no RT after progression; C: elective RT) among children with ependymoma. For event A, a higher cumulative incidence was reported for ependymoma. Although Gray's test failed to detect any difference (p = 0.331) between histologic subtypes, the log-rank test suggested marginal evidence (p = 0.057). Similarly, for event C, the log-rank test found stronger evidence of reduction in hazard among those with ependymoma (p = 0.005) as compared with Gray's test (p = 0.086).CONCLUSIONS: To evaluate treatment differences, failing to account for competing risks using appropriate methodology may lead to incorrect interpretations.
|
['Algorithms', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child, Preschool', 'Disease Progression', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Ependymoma', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Linear Models', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasms, Second Primary', 'Probability', 'Risk Assessment', 'Time Factors']
| 19,577,860
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.290', 'C04.557.470.670.380.290', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.692'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Formation of advanced glycosylation end products and oxidative stress in young patients with type 1 diabetes.
|
Increased production of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) and augmented oxidative stress may contribute to vascular complications in diabetes. Little is known about the formation and accumulation of AGEs in young patients with type 1 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether AGE production and oxidative stress are augmented in young patients with type 1 diabetes at early clinical stages of the disease. Urine samples of 38 patients with type 1 diabetes [mean age (+/-SD), 12.8 +/- 4.5 y; diabetes duration, 5.7 +/- 4.3 y; HbA1c, 8.0 +/- 1.6%; urinary albumin excretion, 12.6 +/- 14.4 mg/g creatinine (Cr)] and those of 60 age-matched healthy control subjects were assayed for AGEs, pentosidine and pyrraline, and markers of oxidative stress, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and acrolein-lysine. Of these four markers, urinary concentrations of pentosidine, 8-OHdG, and acrolein-lysine were significantly higher in the patients with diabetes than in the healthy control subjects. For the patient group, pentosidine correlated significantly with 8-OHdG and acrolein-lysine, and pyrraline correlated significantly with acrolein-lysine. Urinary pentosidine, 8-OHdG, and acrolein-lysine but not pyrraline correlated significantly with urinary albumin excretion. Patients with microalbuminuria (> or =15 mg/g Cr) showed significantly higher levels of all four markers than did normoalbuminuric patients and control subjects. The present study indicates that accumulation of AGEs, whose formation is closely linked to oxidative stress, and resultant endothelial dysfunction may start early in the course of type 1 diabetes. This means that the risk of vascular complications may be present at an early age and that the best possible glycemic control should be emphasized from the diagnosis of diabetes.
|
["8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine", 'Acrolein', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arginine', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Creatinine', 'Deoxyguanosine', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Female', 'Glycation End Products, Advanced', 'Humans', 'Lysine', 'Male', 'Norleucine', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Pyrroles', 'Regression Analysis']
| 12,761,359
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240.500', 'D13.570.230.360.500', 'D13.570.583.454.240.500'], ['D02.047.122'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240', 'D13.570.230.360', 'D13.570.583.454.240'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['D12.776.643.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['D12.125.213.568'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Detecting DNA damage of cell in rats using comet assay after tetramine poisoned].
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the damage of DNA in lymphocytes, brain cells and cardiac muscle cells of rats induced by different dose of tetramine and to speculate the toxicant mechanism of tetramine.METHODS: The rat were poisoned by Tetramine, which was taken in by mouth. The rat poisoning models were used by 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01 mg x kg(-1) Tetramine, and comparison model was made by NS. Lymphocytes and brain cells and cardiac muscle cells of rats were separatd and collected form experimentation rat. DNA damages of cells which were exposed to different doses of tetramine were detected using the single cell gel electrophorresis (SCGE) or comet assay.RESULTS: DNA damages have been observed in lymphocytes, brain cells and cardiac muscle cells of rats which exposed form 0.01mg x kg(-1) doses of tetramine to 0.2mg x kg(-1) doses of tetramine. The test groups are very significantly statistical different to the control group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: It is assumed that DNA damages of cells might be one of the toxicant mechanism of tetramine.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Bridged-Ring Compounds', 'Comet Assay', 'DNA Damage', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Lymphocytes', 'Myocardium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 15,895,805
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D02.455.426.100', 'D04.075'], ['E05.196.401.153.150', 'E05.301.300.100.150', 'E05.393.560.150', 'E05.940.560.150'], ['G05.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mitochondrial RNA editing truncates a chimeric open reading frame associated with S male-sterility in maize.
|
Adjacent mitochondrial open reading frames orf355 and orf77 are associated with S cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-S) in maize, but the mechanisms leading to collapse of developing CMS-S pollen are unknown. Sequence similarity between orf77 and the mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 9 (atp9) locus led us to examine RNA editing in orf77 and atp9 transcripts of pre-collapse CMS-S microspores. Editing of atp9 was not influenced by the presence of orf77 transcripts. Sequence analysis of cDNA clones demonstrated that atp9 transcripts are fully edited in CMS-S microspores. Orf77 nucleotides corresponding to edited nucleotides in atp9 were either not edited or edited inefficiently within the context of orf77, perhaps due to limited conservation of flanking sequences between orf77 and atp9. However, eight of ten orf77 cDNA clones carried an unexpected terminating edit that truncated orf77 to predict a peptide of 17 amino acids (ORF17) sharing significant identity with the C-terminal transmembrane domain of the ATP9 protein.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Fertility', 'Mitochondria', 'Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Plant Proteins', 'Proteolipids', 'RNA Editing', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Zea mays']
| 12,491,012
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G08.686.210'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325.750', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.475.625', 'D12.776.575.750.625'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D10.570.780', 'D12.776.816'], ['G02.111.760.250', 'G03.839.250', 'G05.308.700.250'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tissue-Specific Profiling of Oxidative Stress-Associated Transcriptome in a Healthy Mouse Model.
|
Oxidative stress is a common phenomenon and is linked to a wide range of diseases and pathological processes including aging. Tissue-specific variation in redox signaling and cellular responses to oxidative stress may be associated with vulnerability especially to age-related and chronic diseases. In order to provide a basis for tissue-specific difference, we examined the tissue-specific transcriptional features of 101 oxidative stress-associated genes in 10 different tissues and organs of healthy mice under physiological conditions. Microarray analysis results, which were consistent with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results, showed that catalase, Gpx3, and Gpx4 were most highly regulated in the liver, kidney, and testes. We also found the tissue-specific gene expression of SOD1 (liver and kidney), SOD2 (heart and muscle), and SOD3 (lung and kidney). The current results will serve as a reference for animal models and help advance our understanding of tissue-specific variability in oxidative stress-associated pathogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Computational Biology', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Ontology', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Organ Specificity', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Transcriptome']
| 30,326,626
|
[['B01.050'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308'], ['H01.158.273.343.249.099', 'H01.770.644.145.350.124', 'L01.224.050.375.480.500.500', 'L01.313.500.750.300.550.500.500', 'L01.453.245.945.079.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G07.650'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase and Triacylglycerol Intestinal Absorption by a Pinh?o Coat (Araucaria angustifolia) Extract Rich in Condensed Tannin.
|
The purpose of the present work was to characterize the possible inhibition of pancreatic lipase by a tannin-rich extract obtained from the pinh?o (Araucaria angustifolia seed) coat, based on the previous observation that this preparation inhibits á-amylases. Kinetic measurements of pancreatic lipase revealed that the pinh?o coat tannin is an effective inhibitor. Inhibition was of the parabolic non-competitive type. The inhibition constants, Ki1 and Ki2, were equal to 332.7 ± 146.1 ìg/mL and 321.2 ± 93.0 ìg/mL, respectively, corresponding roughly to the inhibitor concentration producing 50% inhibition ([I]50). Consistently, the pinh?o coat extract was also effective at diminishing the plasma triglyceride levels in mice after an olive oil load; 50% diminution of the area under the plasma concentration versus the time curve occurred at a dose of 250 mg/kg. This observation is most probably the consequence of an indirect inhibition of triglyceride absorption via inhibition of pancreatic lipase. For the pinh?o coat tannin, this is the second report of a biological activity, the first one being a similar inhibition of the absorption of glucose derived from starch as a consequence of an inhibitory action on á-amylases. Taken together, these effects represent a potential anti-obesity action, as suggested for other polyphenol or tannin-rich preparations.
|
['Animals', 'Lactones', 'Lipase', 'Magnoliopsida', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Olive Oil', 'Orlistat', 'Pancreas', 'Plant Extracts', 'Proanthocyanidins', 'Seeds', 'Triglycerides']
| 26,184,295
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.540'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D10.212.302.380.580', 'D10.212.507.650', 'D10.627.700.728', 'G07.203.300.375.400.500', 'J02.500.375.400.500'], ['D02.540.529'], ['A03.734'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.700', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.700', 'D05.750.078.937.429'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Affinity of hepatic glucocorticoid receptors is influenced by energy/feeding status.
|
Genetically obese animals have been shown to have a reduced number and affinity of glucocorticoid receptors. The relationship between the alterations in receptor binding and the regulation of energy balance is not known. We sought to determine the role of body energy/feeding status on the binding characteristics of glucocorticoid receptors. To accomplish this, we examined the effect of long-term food restriction on the number and affinity of hepatic glucocorticoid receptors from Sprague-Dawley rats. After 3 weeks of food restriction (40% of ad lib), animals were bilaterally adrenalectomized. Livers were removed, a crude cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor fraction was isolated, and radioreceptor assays were performed. Glucocorticoid receptors from food-restricted rats showed a significant reduction in the dissociation constant (Kd) as compared to receptors derived from free-feeding controls. No difference in receptor number was observed. These results suggest that energy or feeding status of the animal may influence the affinity of hepatic glucocorticoid receptors, while receptor number may be independent of this status.
|
['Adrenalectomy', 'Animals', 'Corticosterone', 'Dexamethasone', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Food Deprivation', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Radioligand Assay', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Glucocorticoid', 'Weight Loss']
| 8,295,956
|
[['E04.270.115'], ['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['G03.295'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F01.658.433'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.225.985', 'E01.370.374.650', 'E01.370.384.720', 'E05.200.985'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.826.750.430'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Minimally disruptive optical control of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.
|
Protein tyrosine phosphatases regulate a myriad of essential subcellular signaling events, yet they remain difficult to study in their native biophysical context. Here we develop a minimally disruptive optical approach to control protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B)-an important regulator of receptor tyrosine kinases and a therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and cancer-and we use that approach to probe the intracellular function of this enzyme. Our conservative architecture for photocontrol, which consists of a protein-based light switch fused to an allosteric regulatory element, preserves the native structure, activity, and subcellular localization of PTP1B, affords changes in activity that match those elicited by post-translational modifications inside the cell, and permits experimental analyses of the molecular basis of optical modulation. Findings indicate, most strikingly, that small changes in the activity of PTP1B can cause large shifts in the phosphorylation states of its regulatory targets.
|
['Allosteric Regulation', 'Animals', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'COS Cells', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Optogenetics', 'Phosphorylation', 'Phototropins', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1', 'Receptor, Insulin', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 32,034,150
|
[['G02.111.044'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.601.043'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676.500', 'G01.154.240.280', 'G02.111.255.280'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.667'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.765.593.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.300.100', 'D12.644.360.585.100', 'D12.776.476.564.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Non-fertility in cows with an abnormal indole metabolism and disturbed carbohydrate composition in the cervical mucus: a preliminary report.
|
Cervical mucus samples of the cow appear to provide information on the probability of becoming pregnant. In six 'repeat breeders' a strong indole metabolism was found in the cervix. When luteal tissue was decreasing and follicles increasing, compounds were found indicating possible exfoliation of the endometrium, which in dogs is a normal process in late metoestrus. Exfoliation of the endometrium was actually demonstrated in two cows after slaughter. It can delay the onset of oestrus for several days and can disturb implantation of an embryo. The carbohydrate composition of the cervical mucus was also different from that in normal cows. Treatment with PMSG and PGF resulted only twice in the formation of glucuronic acid and sorbitol, which are seemingly necessary for the receipt of spermatozoa. A disturbed carbohydrate composition and an abnormal indole metabolism, which is easily detectable in the cervical mucus, may prevent or disturb fertilization in cows.
|
['Animals', 'Carbohydrates', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Cervix Mucus', 'Endometrium', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Glucuronates', 'Glucuronic Acid', 'Gonadotropins, Equine', 'Indoles', 'Infertility, Female', 'Insemination', 'Ovulation', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Prostaglandins F']
| 6,889,949
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['A12.200.503.339'], ['A05.360.319.679.490'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162', 'D02.241.152.811.162', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162', 'D09.811.922.162'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162.249', 'D02.241.152.811.162.500', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162.500', 'D09.811.922.162.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.451', 'D06.472.699.649.451', 'D12.644.548.726.451', 'D12.776.780.451'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['C13.351.500.365.700'], ['G08.686.784.363'], ['G08.686.784.690'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.400', 'D23.469.050.175.725.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patients' experiences of the PICC insertion procedure.
|
Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are a type of central venous access device used to deliver a variety of intravenous therapies, including chemotherapy. PICCs may be placed by interventional radiologists, anaesthetists or, as is increasingly common, by specialist nurses in the hospital setting. However, little is known about how patients feel regarding the PICC insertion procedure. The aim of this study was to interview patients who had undergone a recent PICC insertion in the chemotherapy day unit to identify their experiences. On analysis of the qualitative data obtained from the semi-structured interview, five themes emerged: the context of cancer; expectations; levels of pain and anxiety; coping strategies; and explanation. The findings of this study support some previously described elements of procedural experiences; however, new understanding has provided implications for practice in the areas of expectations, allaying anxiety levels, supporting individual coping strategies and providing explanation. The major limitation of the study was the homogenous sample of oncology patients with a clear link between the patient experience of the PICC insertion and the context of cancer. The main recommendation for further research would be to repeat this study with a broader patient population.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Anxiety', 'Catheterization, Central Venous', 'Catheterization, Peripheral', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Pain', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Pilot Projects', 'Radiology, Interventional']
| 24,261,003
|
[['F01.058'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['F01.470.132'], ['E02.148.167', 'E04.100.814.529.875', 'E04.502.382.875', 'E05.157.313'], ['E02.148.224', 'E04.100.814.529.937', 'E04.502.382.937', 'E05.157.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['H02.403.740.675']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Faith Community and the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Part of the Problem or Part of the Solution?
|
The current outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a critical moment in time for institutional religion in the USA and throughout the world. Individual clergy and congregations, across faith traditions, have been sources of misinformation and disinformation, promoting messages and actions that engender fear, animosity toward others, and unnecessary risk-taking. But there is a positive role for religion and faith-based institutions here, and many examples of leaders and organizations stepping up to contribute to the collective recovery. Personal faith and spirituality may be a source of host resistance and resilience. Religiously sponsored medical care institutions are vital to health care response efforts. Ministries and faith-based organizations are source of religious health assets that can help to meet community-wide needs. There is a pastoral role for clergy and laypeople who are instrumental in providing comfort and strength to the suffering and fearful in our midst. The outbreak presents an ethical challenge to all of us to step outside of our own preoccupations and to be present and of service for others. This includes having the courage to represent the highest values of our faith in speaking out against religiously motivated foolishness and hatred and in calling for political and public health leaders to be truthful and transparent in their messages to us.
|
['Betacoronavirus', 'COVID-19', 'Clergy', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Humans', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'Population Health', 'SARS-CoV-2']
| 32,488,827
|
[['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['M01.526.799.500'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['N06.850.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['N01.400.548'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.968']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of past noninjection drug abuse upon executive function and working memory in HIV infection.
|
Interactive effects of past noninjection drug abuse/dependence and HIV disease status upon measures of executive function were assessed in a group of 294 homosexual men. Participants were stratified according to HIV status and substance use diagnoses, thereby yielding a 4 (seronegative, asymptomatic seropositive, symptomatic seropositive, and AIDS defining illness) x 2 (never abused drugs, previous substance use disorder) design. Significant main effects of HIV status were found on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Ruff Figural Fluency Test, Trail Making Test B, and total number of impaired performances. Analyses revealed that men with AIDS defining illness performed worse than the other three groups. Drug use history had no significant effect upon neurobehavioral function, and effect sizes for drug abuse history were small. The data suggest that prior drug use yields little if any residual cognitive impairment in HIV infection.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Demography', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Seronegativity', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Problem Solving', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Trail Making Test', 'Verbal Learning']
| 13,680,438
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['G12.400'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.600', 'G08.686.867.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['F04.711.513.838'], ['F02.463.425.952']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
High prevalence of blaCTX-M in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from the Kingdom of Bahrain.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum â-lactamase (ESBL) by testing a cohort of clinical ESBL-producing bacterial isolates that were isolated in the Kingdom of Bahrain.METHODS: ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates (based on phenotypic tests) were collected from Microbiology Laboratory of the Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain between January-June 2006. Antibiotic susceptibility to a panel of antibiotics was performed and bla(CTX-M) genes were detected by multiplex PCR.RESULTS: A total of 230 isolates (Escherichia coli, n=180; Klebsiella pneumoniae, n=50) were studied, 98% were CTX-M type. For Escherichia coli isolates, 65 (36.1%) harbored CTXM+TEM combination and 68 (37.8%) had CTX-M alone. In contrast, for Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates only 5 (10.0%) harbored the CTX-M combination, and none had CTX-M only. The bla(CTX-M) gene was found predominantly in urine isolates (n=145/230; 63.0%). Sensitivity to imipenem and nitrofurantoin was 100% and 60%, respectively. CTX-M carriage was associated with the resistance to fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and aminoglycosides.CONCLUSIONS: Our study documentes high prevalence of CTX-M ESBL type among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella from the Kingdom of Bahrain. The apparent dissemination of CTX-M producers could represent a substantial barrier in the treatment of community-acquired infections. The use of extended-spectrum cephalosporins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides is compromised, leaving carbapenems as the therapeutic option for severe infections caused by ESBL producers.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bahrain', 'Cohort Studies', 'Community-Acquired Infections', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Klebsiella Infections', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Prevalence', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 22,118,027
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['Z01.252.245.500.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C01.234'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.503'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Quantitative structure activity analysis of 2-alkoxydihydrocinnamates as PPARalpha/gamma dual agonist.
|
To optimize the physiochemical properties of 2-alkoxydihydrocinnamates as PPARalpha/gamma dual agonist, a quantitative structure activity relationship, Hansch approach was made using combination of various thermodynamic, electronic and spatial descriptors. Several regression expressions are obtained using multiple linear regression analysis. The best QSAR model is further validated by leave-one-out cross validation method. Analyses of results from the present QSAR study suggest that for favorable dual PPARalpha/gamma agonist activity electronic property of the substituents in hydrophobic tail phenyl ring plays a key role. The contribution of Hammett constant and dipole moment in the models deduced the importance of electron withdrawing substituents for dual activity. Additionally the study also indicates that bulky substituents in head acid moiety not confer selectivity towards the PPAR activity. Thus the QSAR study brings important structural insight to aid the design of dual PPARalpha/gamma receptor agonist.
|
['Cinnamates', 'Linear Models', 'PPAR alpha', 'PPAR gamma', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Thermodynamics']
| 18,473,920
|
[['D02.241.223.200'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['D12.776.826.239.500'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Regulation of bovine adrenal cell corticotropin receptor mRNA levels by corticotropin (ACTH) and angiotensin-II (A-II).
|
Bovine adrenal fasciculata-reticularis cells (BAC) expressed at least four ACTH receptor (ACTH-R) mRNA transcripts, one major of 3.6 kb and three minor of 4.2, 1.8 and 1.3 kb. ACTH and A-II increased ACTH-R mRNA levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner. At maximal concentrations, ACTH caused a 2.7-fold increase in the level of the major transcript of 3.6 kb with an ED50 = 10(-11) M and A-II produced a 2.4-fold increase with an ED50 = 5 x 10(-8) M. Under our experimental conditions, the stimulatory effects of both hormones appeared to be due to post-transcriptional changes rather than to transcriptional regulation since the hormonal effects were also observed in actinomycin-treated cells. The results indicate that regulation of ACTH-R mRNA levels may be one mechanism by which ACTH and A-II regulate adrenocortical functions.
|
['Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dactinomycin', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Kinetics', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Corticotropin', 'Zona Fasciculata']
| 7,958,385
|
[['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.633.300.200', 'D04.345.566.252', 'D12.644.641.252'], ['G05.308'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.600.285', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.285', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.285'], ['A06.300.071.140.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Erythromycin resistant mutations in Bacillus subtilis cause temperature sensitive sporulation.
|
All of several hundred erythromycin resistant single site mutants of Bacillus subtilis W168 are temperature senstive for sporulation. The mutants and wild type cells grow vegetatively at essentially the same rates at both permissive (30 degrees C) and nonpermissive (47 degrees C) temperatures. In addition cellular protein synthesis, cell mass increases and cell viabilities are similar in mutant and wild type strains for several hours after the end of vegetative growth (47 degrees C). in the mutants examined, the temperature sensitive periods begin when the sporulation process is approximately 40% completed, and end when the process is 90% completed. At nonpermissive temperatures, the mutants produce serine and metal proteases at 50% of the wild type rate, accumulate serine esterase at 16% of the wild type rate, and do not demonstrate a sporulation related increase in alkaline phosphatase activity. The eryR and spots phenotypes cotransform 100%, and cotransduce 100% using phage PBS1. Revertants selected for ability to sporulate normally at 47 degrees C (spot), simultaneously regain parental sensitivity to erthromycin. No second site revertants are found. Ribosomes from eryR spots strains bind erythromycin at less than 1% of the wild type rate. A single 50S protein (L17) from mutant ribosomes shows an altered electrophoretic mobility. Ribosomes from spo+ revertants bind erythromycin like parental ribosomes and their proteins are electrophoretically identical to wild type. These data indicate that the L17 protein of the 50S ribosomal subunit from Bacillus subtilis may participate specifically in the sporulation process.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Erythromycin', 'Hot Temperature', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Ribosomes', 'Spores']
| 402,547
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['D02.540.576.500.992'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['A11.870', 'B05.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of selective cyclooxygenase isoform inhibition on systemic prostacyclin synthesis and on platelet function at rest and after exercise in healthy volunteers.
|
To test the hypothesis that selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 would result in exercise-induced platelet activation by causing a shift in the endogenous thromboxane (TX)/prostacyclin balance, a double blind, randomized study comparing aspirin (300 mg/d) with rofecoxib (25 mg/d) (cross-over design, 14 days washout between treatments) in n = 10 trained healthy volunteers was carried out. Physical exercise resulted only in a minor platelet activation, as reflected by the expression of basal or ADP-stimulated platelet activation markers or basal plasma concentrations of TXB(2). Aspirin significantly reduced TXB(2) in plasma while rofecoxib significantly increased TXB(2) in urine. Although no increase in systemic prostacyclin concentration was observed, there was a significant exercise-related increase in both platelet cAMP and cGMP without any drug-related effects. It is concluded that, in trained healthy volunteers, selective inhibition of COX-1 (aspirin) or COX-2 (rofecoxib) does not affect systemic prostacyclin synthesis after physical exercise. However, our data do not exclude the possibility that in subjects at risk for atherothrombotic complications (e.g. patients with advanced atherosclerotic disease) COX-2 inhibitors may result in platelet activation by inhibiting endothelial prostacyclin formation.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Adult', 'Aspirin', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Cyclooxygenase 1', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Endothelium', 'Epoprostenol', 'Exercise', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lactones', 'Male', 'Platelet Activation', 'Rest', 'Risk Factors', 'Sulfones', 'Thrombosis', 'Thromboxane B2']
| 17,654,308
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['D08.811.600.720.500'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['A10.272.491'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.550.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.550.500'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D02.540'], ['G09.188.390.600'], ['I03.450.769.647'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D02.886.590'], ['C14.907.355.830'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.810', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Determination of Lead in Water Samples Using a New Vortex-Assisted, Surfactant-Enhanced Emulsification Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
|
A low toxic solvent-based vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction (LT-VSLLME) combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was developed for the extraction and determination of lead (Pb) in water samples. In the LT-VSLLME method, the extraction solvent was dispersed into the aqueous samples by the assistance of vortex agitator. Meanwhile, the addition of a surfactant, which acted as an emulsifier, could enhance the speed of the mass-transfer from aqueous samples to the extraction solvent. The influences of analytical parameters, including extraction solvent type and its volume, surfactant type and its volume, pH, concentration of chelating agent, salt effect and extraction time were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, a good relative standard deviation of 3.69% at 10 ng L(-1) was obtained. The calibration graph showed a linear pattern in the ranges of 5-30 ngL(-1), with a limit of detection of 0.76 ng L(-1). The linearity was obtained by five points in the concentration range of 5-30 ngL(-1). The enrichment factor was 320. The procedure was applied to wastewater and river water, and the accuracy was assessed through the analysis of the recovery experiments.
|
['Calibration', 'Chelating Agents', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Graphite', 'Lead', 'Limit of Detection', 'Liquid Phase Microextraction', 'Spectrophotometry, Atomic', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 26,614,355
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D01.268.150.300', 'D01.578.300'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['E05.196.155.650.500'], ['E05.196.712.726.551', 'E05.196.867.826.551'], ['D27.720.877'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, inhibits proliferation of IL-1beta-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells by induction of HO-1.
|
We investigated whether NS-398, a selective inhibitor of COX-2, induces HO-1 in IL-1beta-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). NS-398 reduced the production of PGE(2) without modulation of expression of COX-2 in IL-1beta-stimulated VSMC. NS-398 increased HO-1 mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner, but inhibited proliferation of IL-1beta-stimulated VSMC. Furthermore, SnPPIX, a HO-1 inhibitor, reversed the effects of NS-398 on PGE(2) production, suggesting that COX-2 activity can be affected by HO-1. Hemin, a HO-1 inducer, also reduced the production of PGE(2) and proliferation of IL-1beta-stimulated VSMC. CORM-2, a CO-releasing molecule, but not bilirubin inhibited proliferation of IL-1beta-stimulated VSMC. NS-398 inhibited proliferation of IL-1beta-stimulated VSMC in a HbO(2)-sensitive manner. In conclusion, NS-398 inhibits proliferation of IL-1beta-stimulated VSMC by HO-1-derived CO. Thus, NS-398 may facilitate the healing process of vessels in vascular inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Dinoprostone', 'Heme Oxygenase-1', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Myocytes, Smooth Muscle', 'Nitrobenzenes', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sulfonamides']
| 18,809,379
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.410.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['A11.620.520'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.565', 'D02.640.529'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
First report of a bite by the mottled rock rattlesnake (Crotalus lepidus lepidus).
|
Bites by the mottled rock rattlesnake (Crotalus lepidus lepidus) are rare. There appear to be no reports of bites by this subspecies in the literature. This is a case report of a bite by a captive specimen of this diminutive pit viper, and includes a review of what is known regarding its venom.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Crotalid Venoms', 'Crotalus', 'Hematologic Tests', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Snake Bites', 'Texas']
| 16,051,298
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D20.888.850.960.200', 'D23.946.833.850.960.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672.125.937.240.500'], ['E01.370.225.625', 'E05.200.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C25.723.127.442', 'C26.176.724'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
A multimodal regional intervention strategy framed as friendly competition to improve hand hygiene compliance.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of friendly competition on hand hygiene compliance as part of a multimodal intervention program.DESIGN: Prospective observational study in which the primary outcome was hand hygiene compliance. Differences were analyzed using the Pearson ÷2 test. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval were calculated using multilevel logistic regression.SETTING: Observations were performed in 9 public hospitals and 1 rehabilitation center in Rotterdam, Netherlands.ParticipantsFrom 2014 to 2016, at 5 time points (at 6-month intervals) in 120 hospital wards, 20,286 hand hygiene opportunities were observed among physicians, nurses, and other healthcare workers (HCWs).InterventionThe multimodal, friendly competition intervention consisted of mandatory interventions: monitoring and feedback of hand hygiene compliance and optional interventions (ie, e-learning, kick-off workshop, observer training, and team training). Hand hygiene opportunities, as formulated by the World Health Organization (WHO), were unobtrusively observed at 5 time points by trained observers. Compliance data were presented to the healthcare organizations as a ranking.RESULTS: The overall mean hand hygiene compliance at time point 1 was 42.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 41.4-44.4), which increased to 51.4% (95% CI, 49.8-53.0) at time point 5 (P<.001). Nurses showed a significant improvement between time points 1 and 5 (P<.001), whereas the compliance of physicians and other HCWs remained unchanged. In the multilevel logistic regressions, time points, type of ward, and type of HCW showed a significant association with compliance.CONCLUSION: Between the start and the end of the multimodal intervention program in a friendly competition setting, overall hand hygiene compliance increased significantly.
|
['Cross Infection', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Hand Disinfection', 'Health Personnel', 'Health Promotion', 'Hospital Units', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Multilevel Analysis', 'Netherlands', 'Prospective Studies']
| 30,698,134
|
[['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['N06.850.670.150.500'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['N02.278.388'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['N06.850.520.830.562'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Modified model for the switch from Sendai virus transcription to replication.
|
RNase mapping was used to estimate the levels of unencapsidated Sendai virus plus-strand RNAs which cross the leader-NP junction relative to NP mRNA. Significant amounts of leader readthrough RNAs were found in Z strain-infected cells, similar to that described for the polR mutant of vesicular stomatitis virus, even though this strain is considered wild type. The levels of the readthrough RNAs detected fell sharply when progressively longer probes were used, unlike that of NP mRNA. These studies suggest that polymerases which read through the first junction terminate shortly afterwards in the absence of concurrent assembly of the nascent chain, whereas those which reinitiate at NP continue efficiently to the next junction. Reinitiation appears to be necessary to convert the polymerase to a mode in which elongation is independent of concurrent assembly. Concurrent assembly appears to be required not only for the polymerase to read through the junction efficiently, but also for it to continue elongation between junctions.
|
['Cell Line', 'DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Viral', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Nucleocapsid Proteins', 'Nucleoproteins', 'Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human', 'RNA Probes', 'RNA, Viral', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Viral Core Proteins', 'Virus Replication']
| 2,539,496
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.964.970.600'], ['D12.776.664'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.700.715'], ['D13.444.600.723', 'D27.505.259.750.600.825', 'D27.720.470.530.600.825'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.850'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Value of postoperative radiation therapy for regional control after dissection in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cases.
|
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to define clinicopathologic risk factors associated with regional recurrence (RR) and thus the effectiveness of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) for neck control for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) with differing cervical lymph node status.METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in 196 HNSCC patients with pathologically positive neck node (N+) to evaluate the high-risk factors for RR and to define the role of PORT in control after neck dissection and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT).RESULTS: Overall, the RR rate after neck dissection and PORT was 29%. Extracapsular spread (ECS) was confirmed to be the only independent risk factor for RR. There were no significant risk factors associated with RR in the ECS- group. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 45%, which descended to 10% with the emergence of RR.CONCLUSIONS: ECS remains a determined risk factor for RR after neck dissection and PORT in patients with N+. PORT alone is not adequate for preventing RR in the neck with ECS after neck dissection. More intensive postoperative adjuvant therapies, especially combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are needed to prevent regional failure in HNSCC patients with ECS.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck Dissection', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Postoperative Period', 'Prognosis', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate']
| 23,991,989
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E02.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.446.318', 'E04.580.411'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prostate-specific antigen nadir and cancer-specific mortality following hormonal therapy for prostate-specific antigen failure.
|
PURPOSE: For men receiving androgen-suppression therapy (AST) for a rising postoperative or postradiation prostate-specific antigen (PSA), we evaluated whether a PSA nadir of more than 0.2 ng/mL was significantly associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM).PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study cohort comprised 747 men with rising PSA and negative bone scan after surgery (n = 486) or radiation therapy (n = 261) who were treated with AST. Cox regression was used to evaluate whether a significant association existed between the PSA nadir level after 8 months of AST and the time to PCSM, controlling for treatment and known prognostic factors.RESULTS: The post-AST PSA nadir (pCox < .0001), the pre-AST PSA doubling time (DT) (pCox = .002), PSA level (P = .0001), and Gleason eight to 10 cancers (pCox = .01) were significantly associated with time to PCSM. The adjusted hazard ratio for PCSM was 20 (95% CI, 7 to 61; pCox < .0001), for men with a PSA nadir of more than 0.2 ng/mL as compared with all others. A PSA DT of less than 3 months was observed in 30% (224 of 747) of the study cohort. Of the 28 observed prostate cancer deaths, 21 (75%) occurred in men whose PSA nadir was more than 0.2 ng/mL and who had a PSA DT of less than 3 months.CONCLUSION: A PSA nadir of more than 0.2 ng/mL after 8 months of AST given for postoperative or postradiation PSA failure is significantly associated with PCSM and is clinically significant because it accounted for 75% of the cancer deaths observed in this study.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Androgen Antagonists', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cohort Studies', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,170,163
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D06.347.065', 'D27.505.696.399.450.065'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Improving cancer pain management through patient and family education.
|
The purpose of this study was to determine if continued access to information following a baseline pain education program would increase knowledge and positive beliefs about cancer pain management, thus resulting in improved pain control during a 6-month follow-up period. Patients with cancer-related pain and their primary caregivers received a brief pain education program, and were then randomized into one of three information groups: a) usual care, b) pain hot line, and c) weekly provider-initiated follow-up calls for 1 month post-education. Sixty-four patients and their primary caregivers were recruited. Both patients and caregivers showed an improvement in knowledge and beliefs after the baseline pain education program. Continued access to pain information with either the pain hot line or provider-initiated weekly follow-up calls did not affect long-term outcomes of pain intensity, interference because of pain, adequacy of analgesics used, or pain relief. In addition, long-term outcomes did not differ between patients who had improvement and those who showed decline in knowledge and beliefs pre-post education. These findings suggest that a brief pain education program can improve knowledge and beliefs of both patient and primary caregiver. Continued access to pain related information using either a patient- or provider-initiated format did not affect long-term pain outcomes.
|
['Family', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Pain', 'Pain Management', 'Patient Education as Topic']
| 12,691,686
|
[['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
What's in a kiss? The effect of romantic kissing on mating desirability.
|
Past research suggests that various courtship rituals, such as romantic kissing, may convey useful mate quality information. Two studies were carried out to examine how purported romantic kissing abilities, as a potential cue to some form of mate information, affect appraisals of potential mating partners. In Experiment 1, 724 participants were presented with vignette descriptions of potential mating partners and were asked to rate partner desirability for various mating-related situations. The primary result of this experiment was that purported kissing ability increased mate desirability in "casual sex" mating situations for women to a greater extent than for men. Experiment 2 repeated the same procedure with another 178 participants, this time including visual information alongside vignette descriptions containing kissing-related information to examine the relative effects of these two modalities. It was found that the presence of a picture alongside a descriptive vignette negated the effect of kissing-related information only when rating potential partners on attractiveness or desirability for further courtship, though not when evaluating partners for casual sex or long-term relationship scenarios. Visual information containing "attractive" photos of potential partners was also found to have a greater effect on men's ratings of partner desirability than on women's ratings of partner desirability. The results are discussed in light of romantic kissing's potential function of conveying important mate quality and desirability information, and its relative role in the presence of additional visual mate cues.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Choice Behavior', 'Courtship', 'Cues', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Men', 'Middle Aged', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Sexual Partners', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United Kingdom', 'United States', 'Women', 'Young Adult']
| 25,299,759
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['F01.145.802.279'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.390'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.723.729'], ['M01.778'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.975'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prediction of the therapeutic index of marketed anti-coagulants and anti-platelet agents by guinea pig models of thrombosis and hemostasis.
|
INTRODUCTION: Animal models of thrombosis and hemostasis are critical for target validation in pharmaceutical research. Guinea pig haemostatic mechanisms, such as the platelet thrombin receptor repertoire, resemble those of humans. Measuring the performance characteristics of marketed antithrombotic drugs in guinea pig models is a key to predicting therapeutic indices of new agents. The goal of the current study was to benchmark representative marketed drugs in thrombosis and hemostasis models in guinea pigs.METHODS: Effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, aspirin, the P2Y(12) antagonist, clopidogrel, the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, tirofiban, and the direct thrombin inhibitors, argatroban and hirudin, were evaluated in this study. Antithrombotic agents were tested in FeCl(3)-induced carotid artery thrombosis and arterio-venous shunt thrombosis models. Haemostatic effects of drugs were evaluated in cuticle and renal bleeding models. Ex vivo measurements of platelet function and coagulation inhibition were performed to benchmark preclinical doses of each agent to those used clinically.RESULTS: The overall rank-order of potency in thrombosis models based on per cent of vessels occluded, average carotid blood flow, and thrombus weight was aspirin=argatroban=tirofiban<hirudin=clopidogrel. In bleeding models, the rank order was: aspirin<clopidogrel=argatroban=tirofiban<hirudin.CONCLUSION: This characterization of representative drugs from two important classes of anti-coagulant and anti-platelet agents in efficacy and bleeding models in guinea pigs provides a reference point for evaluation of new antithrombotic agents.
|
['Animals', 'Anticoagulants', 'Arginine', 'Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical', 'Aspirin', 'Bleeding Time', 'Chlorides', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hemostasis', 'Male', 'Pipecolic Acids', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Sulfonamides', 'Thrombosis', 'Tirofiban', 'Tyrosine']
| 18,479,740
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['E04.035.087', 'E04.100.814.868.249'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['E01.370.225.625.625.100', 'E05.200.625.625.100', 'G09.188.087'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['D01.490.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['G09.188.390'], ['D03.066.758', 'D03.383.621.758'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['C14.907.355.830'], ['D12.125.072.050.875.875'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Computed Tomography Angiography Evaluation of Risk Factors for Unstable Intracranial Aneurysms.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk factors for instability in intracranial aneurysms (IAs) using computed tomography angiography (CTA).METHODS: A total of 614 consecutive patients diagnosed with 661 IAs between August 2011 and February 2016 were reviewed. Patients and IAs were divided into stable and unstable groups. Along with clinical characteristics, IA characteristics were evaluated by CTA. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors associated with unstable IAs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed on the final model, and optimal thresholds were obtained.RESULTS: Patient age (odds ratio [OR], 0.946), cerebral atherosclerosis (CA; OR, 0.525), and IAs located at the middle cerebral artery (OR, 0.473) or internal carotid artery (OR, 0.512) were negatively correlated with instability, whereas IAs with irregular shape (OR, 2.157), deep depth (OR, 1.557), or large flow angle (FA; OR, 1.015) were more likely to be unstable. ROC analysis revealed threshold values of age, depth, and FA of 59.5 years, 4.25 mm, and 87.8°, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The stability of IAs is significantly affected by several factors, including patient age and the presence of CA. IA shape and location also have an impact on the stability of IAs. Growth into an irregular shape, with a deep depth, and a large FA are risk factors for a change in IAs from stable to unstable.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Aneurysm', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'ROC Curve', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 29,567,291
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.600', 'C14.907.055.635', 'C14.907.253.560.300'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Correlation between the inferior vena cava collapsibility and asymptomatic pericardial effusion in hemodialysis patients].
|
INTRODUCTION: The inferior vena cava collapsibility index is a sign of hypervolemia in hemodialysis patients. Asymptomatic pericardial effusion in these patients can be either a sign of hypervolemia or bad systolic function of the left ventricle, or both. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of asymptomatic pericardial effusion and its correlation to collapsibility index in haemodialysis patients during 2-year follow-up.RESULTS: Of 115 consecutive hemodialysis patients, at the beginning of the study and on every 6 months we performed: clinical, ECG, echocardiography, laboratory assessment. There was 29 patients with asymptomatic pericardial effusion (25.21%) vs. 86 (74.79%) without asymptomatic pericardial effusion. There was no significant difference considering gender, age, vintage of HD between the groups. Colapsibillity index was statistically significantly lower among the patients with asymptomatic pericardial effusion: 0.39+/-0.09 vs. 0.69+/-0.21 in those without it; p<0.001. Asymptomatic pericardial effusion correlated inversely with colapsibillity index (r=-0.577; p<0.0001) and ejection fraction of left ventricle (r=-0.282; p<0.030) and positively with the dimension of left ventricle in diastole. The colapsibillity index had inverse correlation with asymptomatic pericardial effusion (r=-0.668; p<0.0001), end-diastolic dimension of the left ventricle (r=-0.464; p<0.0001), and only one positive correlation with Kt/V (r=0.294, p<0.002). During the follow-up, 16 pts (13.91%) died: 7 of them had a symptomatic pericardial effusion (43.75%). Factors with greatest relative risk for death were: persistent asymptomatic pericardial effusion (3.48); systolic dysfunction at the second examination (2.95): heart failure (2.88) at the third.CONCLUSION: Colapsibillity index and asymptomatic pericardial effusion are the closely correlated in inverse manner and both are the sign of hypervolemia. Asymptomatic pericardial effusion is also a sign of a bad systolic function and a very bad prognosis.
|
['Blood Volume', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pericardial Effusion', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Vena Cava, Inferior']
| 18,928,186
|
[['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.695'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['A07.015.908.949.648']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Food patterns and socioeconomic indicators of food consumption amongst Inuvialuit in the Canadian Arctic.
|
BACKGROUND: Inuvialuit in the Canadian Arctic have been experiencing a nutrition transition resulting in a decrease in nutrient-dense food consumption, which may, in part, explain this population's increasing chronic disease rates. Because the available literature is limited, the present study aimed to document the extent of this transition by examining current dietary patterns and socioeconomic factors affecting food group consumption.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three Inuvialuit communities in the Northwest Territories between 2007 and 2008. A validated food frequency questionnaire determined intake frequency of fruit and vegetables (FV), traditional foods (TF) and non-nutrient-dense foods (NNDF). Socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed by questions on education, ownership of items in working condition used to create a Material Style of Life (MSL) scale and residents in household employed/on income support. Daily intake frequencies were compared by gender and age group using Wilcoxon rank sum test. SES association with food group intake was determined using logistic regression.RESULTS: The response rate was 65-85%. One hundred and seventy-five participants were female and 55 were male, aged 19-84 years [mean (SD) 44 (14)]. Mean frequencies of FV and TF consumption were 1.6 (1.5) and 1.6 (1.7) times per day, respectively. NNDF were reported 9.2 (3.0) times per day. The highest MSL score (>12) was significantly associated with higher fruit (?0.7 times per day) and higher TF intake (?1.1 times per day) compared with the lowest score (?7). An intermediate MSL score (8-12) was related to higher vegetable consumption (?0.4 times per day).CONCLUSIONS: NNDF were consumed approximately seven times more frequently than TF in the present study, indicating that the dietary transition is well underway amongst Inuvialuit. Participants with higher SES were more likely to consume nutrient-dense foods, suggesting possible cost barriers.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diet', 'Eating', 'Educational Status', 'Energy Intake', 'Family Characteristics', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Inuits', 'Life Style', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Northwest Territories', 'Social Class', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vegetables', 'Young Adult']
| 21,158,963
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['N01.824.196'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.508.150.600.375.500', 'M01.686.508.150.675', 'M01.686.754.254.500.500'], ['F01.829.458'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.176.564'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A Phase II study of the safety and efficacy of teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis with relapses.
|
BACKGROUND: Teriflunomide, a dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, has immunomodulatory effects, including the ability to suppress experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II study, the authors examined the safety and efficacy of oral teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis (MS) with relapses.METHODS: Patients (n = 179) with relapsing-remitting MS (n = 157) or secondary progressive MS with relapses (n = 22) were randomized to receive placebo, teriflunomide 7 mg/day, or teriflunomide 14 mg/day for 36 weeks. MRI brain scans were performed every 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was the number of combined unique active lesions per MRI scan. Secondary endpoints included MRI-defined disease burden, relapse frequency, and disability increase.RESULTS: The median number of combined unique active lesions per scan was 0.5, 0.2, and 0.3 in the placebo, teriflunomide 7 mg/day (p < 0.03 vs placebo), and teriflunomide 14 mg/day (p < 0.01 vs placebo) groups during the 36-week double-blind treatment phase. Teriflunomide-treated patients also had significantly fewer T1 enhancing lesions per scan, new or enlarging T2 lesions per scan, and new T2 lesions. Patients receiving teriflunomide 14 mg/day had significantly reduced T2 disease burden. Teriflunomide treatment resulted in trends toward a lower annualized relapse rate and fewer relapsing patients (14 mg/day only) vs placebo. Significantly fewer patients receiving teriflunomide 14 mg/day vs placebo demonstrated disability increase. Treatment was well tolerated; numbers of adverse events and serious adverse events were similar in all treatment groups.CONCLUSION: Oral teriflunomide was effective in reducing MRI lesions and was well tolerated in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis.
|
['Adult', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Isoxazoles', 'Leflunomide', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting', 'Nausea']
| 16,567,708
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['D03.383.129.385'], ['D03.383.129.385.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500.600', 'C10.314.350.500.600', 'C20.111.258.250.500.600'], ['C23.888.821.712']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Energy expenditure during walking in patients with scoliosis. The effect of the Milwaukee brace.
|
Oxygen uptake during treadmill walking was measured in 8 scoliotic patients with idiopathic curves ranging from 25 to 60 degrees. The patients were fitted with a Milwaukee brace and the test was repeated within 2 or 3 days to study the effect of the brace on energy expenditure, mechanical work, and ventilatory function. The total oxygen uptake was not systematically affected by wearing the brace. When the weight of the brace was included, the oxygen uptake/kg body weight decreased in most of the patients at low walking speed in spite of an increased lift work. The positive influence on energy expenditure was interpreted as a stabilizing effect of the brace on the spine. This effect was not consistent at moderate and high speeds of locomotion, where both a decrease and an increase in oxygen uptake/kg were observed. Heart rate increased significantly during walking at high speed with the brace, while a slight but significant reduction of the tidal volume was found during walking at low speed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Braces', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Scoliosis']
| 741,237
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E07.858.442.743.319'], ['G03.295'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['G03.680'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['C05.116.900.800.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Endothelium-specific replacement of the connexin43 coding region by a lacZ reporter gene.
|
The murine gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) is expressed in blood vessels, with vastly different contribution by endothelial and smooth muscle cells. We have used the Cre recombinase under control of TIE2 transcriptional elements to inactivate a floxed Cx43 gene specifically in endothelial cells. Cre-mediated deletion led to replacement of the Cx43 coding region by a lacZ reporter gene. This allowed us to monitor the extent of deletion and to visualize the endothelial expression pattern of Cx43. We found widespread endothelial expression of the Cx43 gene during embryonic development, which became restricted largely to capillaries and small vessels in all adult organs examined. Mice lacking Cx43 in endothelium did not exhibit altered blood pressure, in contrast to mice deficient in Cx40. Our results show that lacZ activation after deletion of the target gene allows us to determine the extent of cell type-specific deletion after phenotypical investigation of the same animal.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Connexin 43', 'DNA', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Targeting', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Integrases', 'Lac Operon', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Stem Cells', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Viral Proteins', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 11,135,457
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['D12.776.543.585.250.200'], ['D13.444.308'], ['A16.254'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['G05.297'], ['E05.393.335'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D08.811.739.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.686.545', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.872'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.964'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anti-SARS drug screening by molecular docking.
|
Starting from a collection of 1386 druggable compounds obtained from the 3D pharmacophore search, we performed a similarity search to narrow down the scope of docking studies. The template molecule is KZ7088 (Chou et al., 2003, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 308: 148-151). The MDL MACCS keys were used to fingerprint the molecules. The Tanimoto coefficient is taken as the metric to compare fingerprints. If the similarity threshold was 0.8, a set of 50 unique hits and 103 conformers were retrieved as a result of similarity search. The AutoDock 3.011 was used to carry out molecular docking of 50 ligands to their macromolecular protein receptors. Three compounds, i.e., C(28)H(34)O(4)N(7)Cl, C(21)H(36)O(5)N(6), and C(21)H(36)O(5)N(6), were found that may be promising candidates for further investigation. The main feature shared by these three potential inhibitors as well as the information of the involved side chains of SARS Cov Mpro may provide useful insights for the development of potent inhibitors against SARS enzyme.
|
['Antiviral Agents', 'Binding Sites', 'Drug Design', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Ligands', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'SARS Virus', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 16,715,412
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['G02.282'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.937'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genomic imprinting: summary of an NICHD conference.
|
Compelling evidence for genomic imprinting as a pathogenetic mechanism in humans mandates re-evaluation of every genetic or multifactorial disease for parent-of-origin effects. In an expanding list of malformation syndromes, cancers, growth abnormalities, and chromosomal disorders, phenotypes may be determined by source rather than content of transmitted DNA. A multidisciplinary conference held on April 13-14, 1992, reviewed the substantial impact of genomic imprinting in mouse development and discussed in role in human pregnancy, childhood cancers, chromosomal translocations, X-inactivation, and several disorders associated with mental retardation. Topics for future research include the mechanism, timing, reversibility, and homology of the imprinting process.
|
['Animals', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Dosage Compensation, Genetic', 'Fragile X Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'National Institutes of Health (U.S.)', 'Neoplasms', 'United States']
| 8,103,287
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['G05.308.203.249'], ['C10.597.606.360.455.500', 'C16.131.260.830.300', 'C16.320.180.830.300', 'C16.320.322.500.500', 'C16.320.400.525.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.496', 'N03.540.052.750', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.496'], ['C04'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
TCTP regulates spindle microtubule dynamics by stabilizing polar microtubules during mouse oocyte meiosis.
|
Dynamic changes in spindle structure and function are essential for maintaining genomic integrity during the cell cycle. Spindle dynamics are highly dependent on several microtubule-associated proteins that coordinate the dynamic behavior of microtubules, including microtubule assembly, stability and organization. Here, we show that translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a novel microtubule-associated protein that regulates spindle dynamics during meiotic maturation. TCTP was expressed and widely distributed in the cytoplasm with strong enrichment at the spindle microtubules during meiosis. TCTP was found to be phosphorylated during meiotic maturation, and was exclusively localized to the spindle poles. Knockdown of TCTP impaired spindle organization without affecting chromosome alignment. These spindle defects were mostly due to the destabilization of the polar microtubules. However, the stability of kinetochore microtubules attached to chromosomes was not affected by TCTP knockdown. Overexpression of a nonphosphorylable mutant of TCTP disturbed meiotic maturation, stabilizing the spindle microtubules. In addition, Plk1 was decreased by TCTP knockdown. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TCTP is a microtubule-associating protein required to regulate spindle microtubule dynamics during meiotic maturation in mouse oocytes.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Female', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Kinetochores', 'Meiosis', 'Mice', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Microtubules', 'Oocytes', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Spindle Apparatus', 'Spindle Poles']
| 26,802,898
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.165.500', 'G05.360.160.165.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.687', 'G05.113.220.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.820'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.820.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protein tyrosine kinase and protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase in normal and psoriatic skin.
|
Protein tyrosine kinase and protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase activities were measured in extracts of skin samples from patients with psoriasis. Both kinase and phosphatase activities were significantly greater in samples taken from an involved area, characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation, than from adjacent skin of normal appearance. Samples from skin of non-psoriatic individuals were indistinguishable from the normal-appearing skin of psoriatic patients. There was no detectable change in the apparent Km for either ATP or casein of the protein tyrosine activity in plaques compared with controls. Phosphorylation of endogenous proteins was also increased about 2-fold in plaque extracts compared with controls. Both epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor stimulated endogenous protein tyrosine phosphorylation in particulate fractions of plaque biopsies but not in solubilized extracts nor in any control fractions. Our data suggest that increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation activity and growth factor sensitivity are important factors in non-malignant hyperplastic cell growth.
|
['DNA', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Psoriasis', 'Skin']
| 6,322,856
|
[['D13.444.308'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['D12.644.276.910', 'D12.776.124.625', 'D12.776.467.910', 'D23.529.910'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Diffuse Luminance Flicker Light Stimulation on Total Retinal Blood Flow Assessed With Dual-Beam Bidirectional Doppler OCT.
|
Purpose: We assess the increase in total retinal blood flow (TRBF) induced by flicker stimulation of the human retina in vivo and investigate the flicker induced hyperemia by means of a vascular flow model of the retinal circulation to study neurovascular coupling (NC).Methods: In six healthy subjects, TRBF was measured before and during stimulation with diffuse luminance flicker. Blood flow velocities in retinal vessels were measured via dual-beam bidirectional Doppler Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT), retinal vessel diameters were assessed based on FD-OCT phase data. This allowed for the calculation of TRBF before and during visual stimulation. Additionally, a mathematical flow model for the retinal vasculature was adapted to study the implications of diameter variations on retinal perfusion. Measured and simulated perfusion was compared to draw conclusions on the diameter variations in different layers of the vascular tree.Results: The measured mean baseline flow was 36.4 ± 6.5 ìl/min while the mean flow during flicker stimulation was 53.4% ± 8.3 ìl/min. The individual increase in TRBF during flicker stimulation ranged between 34% and 66%. The average increase in TRBF over all measured subjects was 47.6% ± 12.6%.Conclusions: Dual-beam bidirectional Doppler FD-OCT allowed quantifying NC in the human retina in vivo and may be a promising method for monitoring alterations in NC caused by various pathologies. The comparison of the measured data with the results obtained in the simulated vasculature indicates that the vasodilation induced by NC is more pronounced in smaller vessels.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Female', 'Flicker Fusion', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Humans', 'Laser-Doppler Flowmetry', 'Male', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Retina', 'Retinal Vessels', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Vasodilation']
| 28,245,297
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.380.245', 'F02.463.593.932.458', 'G14.370'], ['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.370.475', 'E05.830.500'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.723.729'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A09.371.729'], ['A07.015.611'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Model-based quantification of cerebral hemodynamics as a physiomarker for Alzheimer's disease?
|
Previous studies have found that Alzheimer's disease (AD) impairs cerebral vascular function, even at early stages of the disease. This offers the prospect of a useful diagnostic method for AD, if cerebral vascular dysfunction can be quantified reliably within practical clinical constraints. We present a recently developed methodology that utilizes a data-based dynamic nonlinear closed-loop model of cerebral hemodynamics to compute "physiomarkers" quantifying the state of cerebral flow autoregulation to pressure-changes (CA) and cerebral CO2 vasomotor reactivity (CVMR) in each subject. This model is estimated from beat-to-beat measurements of mean arterial blood pressure, mean cerebral blood flow velocity and end-tidal CO2, which can be made reliably and non-invasively under resting conditions. This model may also take an open-loop form and comparisons are made with the closed-loop counterpart. The proposed model-based physiomarkers take the form of two indices that quantify the gain of the CA and CVMR processes in each subject. It was found in an initial set of clinical data that the CVMR index delineates AD patients from control subjects and, therefore, may prove useful in the improved diagnosis of early-stage AD.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Cardiovascular']
| 23,771,298
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.161']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effects of a biosurfactant on oxygen transfer in a cyclone column reactor.
|
A laboratory-scale cyclone column reactor was tested to determine how its oxygen transfer characteristics were affected by surfactants in the liquid medium. The volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was greatly decreased by small quantities of the synthetic surfactants dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecylsulfate, and the biosurfactant surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 21332). Since the gas holdup fraction was generally increased due to foaming, the effectiveness of the surfactants was probably due to an increase in the interfacial film resistance. B. subtilis was grown in the cyclone column to 0.6 g dm-3 with a significant level of surfactin produced while maintaining at least 75% oxygen saturation in the broth. Process optimization and scale-up of surfactin production will have to consider oxygen transfer as a key parameter.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Division', 'Industrial Microbiology', 'Lipopeptides', 'Oxygen', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Quaternary Ammonium Compounds', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 1,367,431
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['H01.158.273.540.460', 'J01.897.120.460'], ['D10.477', 'D12.644.365'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['D01.625.062.500', 'D02.092.877', 'D02.675.276'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['D27.720.877']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Arginase-2 protects myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via NF-êB/TNF-á pathway.
|
OBJECTIVE: Arginase-2 exerts an anti-inflammatory potential. However, whether nuclear factor-êB (NF-êB)/TNF-á (tumor necrosis factor-á) pathway is involved in the anti-inflammation effect of arginase-2 has not been fully elucidated. Our study aims to explore the regulatory role of arginase-2 on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats and its underlying mechanism.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 24 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into sham group, IRI group and arginase-2 group, with 8 rats in each group. Electrocardiogram was performed in each rat before and after animal procedures. Serum samples and heart samples of each rat were collected 10 days after animal procedures. Serum levels of CK-MB (creatine kinase-MB) and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) in each rat were detected using the relative commercial kits. Pathological lesions in rat myocardium were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat heart was accessed by TUNEL (Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase dUTP Nick-end Labeling) staining. Expression levels of NF-êB, TNF-á, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in rat myocardium were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Electrocardiogram showed slower heart rate, lower voltage of QRS wave and longer Q-T interval in rats of IRI group than those of sham group (p < 0.05). A few rats in IRI group even presented arrhythmia. On the contrary, rats in arginase-2 group presented higher heart rate and voltage of QRS wave, as well as shorter Q-T interval compared with those of IRI group (p < 0.05). Rats in arginase-2 group presented lower plasma levels of CK-MB and LDH than those of IRI group. Pathological lesions in rat myocardium and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were alleviated in arginase-2 group in comparison with those of IRI group. Western blot and immunohistochemistry indicated that arginase-2 pretreatment remarkably downregulated expressions of NF-êB, TNF-á, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in rat myocardium.CONCLUSIONS: Arginase-2 protects myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through inhibiting the inflammatory response via suppression of NF-êB/TNF-á pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Arginase', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Creatine Kinase, MB Form', 'Cytoprotection', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Heart Rate', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Male', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'NF-kappa B', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 30,338,823
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.913.292'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150.625'], ['G07.690.773.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship between anxiety and stuttering: a multidimensional approach.
|
UNLABELLED: The relationship between anxiety and stuttering is equivocal from both clinical and empirical perspectives. This study examined the relationship within the framework of the multidimensional interaction model of anxiety that includes an approach to general anxiety in specific situations [J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 60 (1991) 919]. Ninety-four males aged 18-43, half disfluent speakers and half fluent speakers completed two questionnaires: The Trait Anxiety Inventory [C.D. Spielberger, R.L. Gorsuch, R.E. Lushene, Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Self Evaluation Questionnaire), Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA, 1970] and the Speech Situation Checklist [G.J. Brutten, Neurolinguistic Approaches to Stuttering, Mouton, The Hague; G.J. Brutten, Stuttering: A Second Symposium, Harper and Row, New York, 1973; G.J. Brutten, P. Janssen, Proceedings 18th Congress of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrists, Washington, DC, 1975; M. Vanryckeghem, Proceedings of the XXIVth Congress of the International Association of Logopedists and Phoniatrists, Nijmegen University Press, Nijmegen, 1981]. In addition, after performing speech and non-speech tasks, participants evaluated their level of anxiety on a subjective scale, labeled Task-Related Anxiety--TRA. The stuttering group also evaluated the level of severity of their stuttering. Findings indicate that trait anxiety is higher among people who stutter compared to fluent speakers, thus indicating that anxiety is a personality trait of people who stutter. State anxiety in social communication is higher among severe stutterers as compared to mild stutterers and fluent speakers. Thus, state anxiety is related to stuttering severity. The results are discussed in the frame of the multidimensional model of anxiety.EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES: The reader will be able to: (1) describe the multidimensional anxiety model; (2) extend the model to the relations between stuttering and anxiety; (3) describe stuttering severity in relation to the levels of anxiety within the model.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Speech Production Measurement', 'Stuttering', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 15,178,129
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.760'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.800.750', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pepino mosaic virus genotype shift in North America and development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid genotype identification.
|
BACKGROUND: Pepino mosaic, once an emerging disease a decade ago, has become endemic on greenhouse tomatoes worldwide in recent years. Three distinct genotypes of Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), including EU, US1 and CH2 have been recognized. Our earlier study conducted in 2006-2007 demonstrated a predominant EU genotype in Canada and United States. The objective of the present study was to monitor the dynamic of PepMV genetic composition and its current status in North America.RESULTS: Through yearly monitoring efforts in 2009-2012, we detected a dramatic shift in the prevalent genotype of PepMV from the genotype EU to CH2 in North America since early 2010, with another shift from CH2 to US1 occurring in Mexico only two years later. Through genetic diversity analysis using the coat protein gene, such genotype shifting of PepMV in North America was linked to the positive identification of similar sequence variants in two different commercial tomato seed sources used for scion and rootstock, respectively. To allow for a quick identification, a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) system was developed and demonstrated to achieve a rapid identification for each of the three genotypes of PepMV, EU, US1 and CH2.CONCLUSION: Through systemic yearly monitoring and genetic diversity analysis, we identified a linkage between the field epidemic isolates and those from commercial tomato seed lots as the likely sources of initial PepMV inoculum that resulted in genetic shifting as observed on greenhouse tomatoes in North America. Application of the genotype-specific RT-LAMP system would allow growers to efficiently determine the genetic diversity on their crops.
|
['Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'North America', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Plant Diseases', 'Potexvirus', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Virology']
| 23,587,202
|
[['G05.365'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['Z01.107.567'], ['E05.393.620'], ['G15.610'], ['B04.715.260.575', 'B04.820.578.375.575'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['H01.158.273.540.859']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Phenotypic divergence despite high levels of gene flow in Gal?pagos lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis).
|
The extent of evolutionary divergence of phenotypes between habitats is predominantly the result of the balance of differential natural selection and gene flow. Lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis) on the small island of Plaza Sur in the Gal?pagos archipelago inhabit contrasting habitats: dense vegetation on the western end of the island thins rapidly in a transitional area, before becoming absent on the eastern half. Associated with these habitats are phenotypic differences in traits linked to predator avoidance (increased wariness, sprint speed, and endurance in lizards from the sparsely vegetated habitat). This population provides an opportunity to test the hypothesis that reduced gene flow is necessary for phenotypic differentiation. There was no evidence of any differences among habitats in allele frequencies at six out of seven microsatellite loci examined, nor was there any indication of congruence between patterns of genetic variability and the change in vegetation regime. We infer that gene flow between the habitats on Plaza Sur must be sufficiently high to overcome genetic drift within habitats but that it does not preclude phenotypic differentiation.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Body Weights and Measures', 'Ecuador', 'Environment', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Geography', 'Lizards', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Phenotype', 'Psychomotor Performance']
| 15,723,677
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E01.370.600.115.100', 'E05.041.124', 'G07.100.100'], ['Z01.107.757.362'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['H01.277.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.393'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['G05.695'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Nursing education in China: past, present and future.
|
BACKGROUND: The development of nursing education in China is closely tied with the country's wider context, including the social, political and economic environment.EVALUATION: The source of information includes published materials accessible to the public and the authors' knowledge as content experts of the nursing situation in China.KEY ISSUES: Nursing in China is developing rapidly particularly in the last decade in quantity and quality terms. The education development of nursing is in line with the service development which aims at client-centred care adopting a holistic approach caring for clients at the preventive, curative and rehabilitative levels.CONCLUSIONS: Nursing education in China, both at the pre-registration and post-registration level, plays a key role in building a strong team of nurses to fulfil the health mission of the country.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Managers in nursing education need to continuously revise the curriculum to produce nurses who meet societal needs at present and for the future. At the same time, nurse managers in the service need to make best use of these nursing talents according to the nurses' competence and educational levels.
|
['China', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Nursing', 'Education, Nursing, Graduate', 'History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'History, 21st Century', 'Humans', 'Nursing Education Research']
| 22,229,899
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.462'], ['I02.358.337.450', 'I02.358.462.565'], ['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['K01.400.504.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Cancer pain and evaluation of the pain: preface and comments].
|
Cancer pain is very unpleasant often difficult to treat. Therefore, we should recognize the mechanisms of cancer pain and know the physical pain, psychological pain, social pain and spiritual pain as total pain. Besides, we must understand how to evaluate the cancer pain using the methods of assessment of cancer pain, and scales of pain degree (VAS, NRS, VRS, FRS, FVAS). New devices of pain measurement and the character of pain(McGill and Yatabe) are also introduced. The mechanism and grade of cancer pain often confuse us to recognize cancer pain. The articles in this special issue are useful for the evaluation and treatment of cancer pain. I feel happy if these articles contribute to the treatment of patients with cancer pain.
|
['Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Pain']
| 21,950,030
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Use of temperature coefficients of Kovach indexes in the identification of barbiturates].
|
The conditions of direct gas chromatographic assessment of barbiturates in reference solutions and cadaveric material extracts were analyzed with the aim of their unification. Along with the Kovach indexes, their temperature coefficients seem promising for the identification of barbiturates. Critical parameters of the evaporator temperature regimen were established, that may be used for barbiturate identification as well. The threshold values of gas chromatographic detection of phenobarbital, barbital, etaminal, hexenal, quietal, and hexobarbital were determined.
|
['Barbiturates', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Humans', 'Temperature']
| 8,036,637
|
[['D03.383.742.698.253'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A successful Charter challenge to medicare? Policy options for Canadian provincial governments.
|
In September 2016, a case went to trial in British Columbia that seeks to test the constitutionality of provincial laws that (1) ban private health insurance for medically necessary hospital and physician services; (2) ban extra-billing (physicians cannot charge patients more than the public tariff); and (3) require physicians to work solely for the public system or 'opt-out' and practice privately. All provinces have similar laws that have been passed to meet the requirements of federal legislation, the Canada Health Act (and thus qualify for federal funds). Consequently, a finding of unconstitutionality of one or more of these laws could have a very significant impact on the future of Canada's single-payer system ('medicare'). However, should the court find that a particular law is not in compliance with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the baton is then passed back to the government which may respond with other laws or policies that they believe to be constitutionally compliant. The ultimate impact of any successful Charter challenge to laws protecting medicare from privatization will thus significantly depend on how Canadian governments respond. Provincial governments could allow privatization to undercut equity and access, or they could respond creatively with new legal and policy solutions to both improve equity and access and tackle some of the problems that have long bedeviled Canadian medicare. This paper provides an understanding - grounded in comparative health systems evidence - of law and policy options available to Canadian lawmakers for limiting two-tier care in the wake of any successful challenge to existing laws. The paper presents the results of a large inter-disciplinary, comparative study, started in 2015, that systematically reviewed the legal and broader regulatory schemes used to regulate the public/private divide in 15 Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development countries with a particular eye to what the effect of such regulations would be upon wait times.
|
['Canada', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health', 'National Health Programs', 'State Government']
| 29,576,023
|
[['Z01.107.567.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['N03.349.550'], ['I01.409.775', 'N03.540.348.875']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Introduction to the special section on seeking new clinical research methods.
|
This Special Section introduces a new section of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology that will be periodically offered in future issues under the title "Clinical Research Methods." This introduction describes (a) the section's goals, (b) a conceptual framework and potential areas of methodological development, (c) a summary of the articles in the current Special Section and their evaluation in terms of the conceptual framework, and (d) editorial policies and procedures used to foster innovative development of clinical research methods.
|
['Behavior Therapy', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Humans', 'Models, Statistical', 'Psychotherapy', 'Research Design']
| 2,002,146
|
[['F04.754.137'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['F04.754'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mycolactone gene expression is controlled by strong SigA-like promoters with utility in studies of Mycobacterium ulcerans and buruli ulcer.
|
Mycolactone A/B is a lipophilic macrocyclic polyketide that is the primary virulence factor produced by Mycobacterium ulcerans, a human pathogen and the causative agent of Buruli ulcer. In M. ulcerans strain Agy99 the mycolactone polyketide synthase (PKS) locus spans a 120 kb region of a 174 kb megaplasmid. Here we have identified promoter regions of this PKS locus using GFP reporter assays, in silico analysis, primer extension, and site-directed mutagenesis. Transcription of the large PKS genes mlsA1 (51 kb), mlsA2 (7 kb) and mlsB (42 kb) is driven by a novel and powerful SigA-like promoter sequence situated 533 bp upstream of both the mlsA1 and mlsB initiation codons, which is also functional in Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium marinum. Promoter regions were also identified upstream of the putative mycolactone accessory genes mup045 and mup053. We transformed M. ulcerans with a GFP-reporter plasmid under the control of the mls promoter to produce a highly green-fluorescent bacterium. The strain remained virulent, producing both GFP and mycolactone and causing ulcerative disease in mice. Mosquitoes have been proposed as a potential vector of M. ulcerans so we utilized M. ulcerans-GFP in microcosm feeding experiments with captured mosquito larvae. M. ulcerans-GFP accumulated within the mouth and midgut of the insect over four instars, whereas the closely related, non-mycolactone-producing species M. marinum harbouring the same GFP reporter system did not. This is the first report to identify M. ulcerans toxin gene promoters, and we have used our findings to develop M. ulcerans-GFP, a strain in which fluorescence and toxin gene expression are linked, thus providing a tool for studying Buruli ulcer pathogenesis and potential transmission to humans.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Buruli Ulcer', 'Culicidae', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Insect Vectors', 'Macrolides', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mycobacterium ulcerans', 'Polyketide Synthases', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Virulence']
| 19,936,295
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.946.123'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.247', 'C17.800.893.295'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875'], ['G05.308.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['D02.540.505', 'D02.540.576.500', 'D04.345.674.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720.700', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.700'], ['D08.811.464.257.275', 'D08.811.600.715'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
"The legacy of thalidomide" - A multidisciplinary meeting held at the University of York, United Kingdom, on September 30, 2016.
|
BACKGROUND: Between 1957 and 1962 thalidomide was used as a nonaddictive, nonbarbiturate sedative that also was successful in relieving the symptoms of morning sickness in early pregnancy. Infamously, thousands of babies were subsequently born with severe birth defects. The drug is used again, today, to successfully treat leprosy, and tragically, there is a new generation of thalidomide damaged children in Brazil. While the outward damage in babies has been documented, the effects of the damage upon the survivors as they grow up, the lifestyle changes and adaptations required to be made, as well as studies into ageing in survivors, has received little attention and remains understudied.METHODS: A unique multidisciplinary meeting was organized at the University of York bringing together thalidomide survivors, clinicians, scientists, historians, and social scientists to discuss the past, the current and the future implications of thalidomide.RESULTS: There is still much to learn from thalidomide, from its complex history and ongoing impact on peoples' lives today, to understanding its mechanism/s to aid future drug safety, to help identify new drugs retaining clinical benefit without the risk of causing embryopathy.CONCLUSION: For thalidomide survivors, the original impairments caused by the drug are compounded by the consequences of a lifetime of living with a rare disability, and early onset age-related health problems. This has profound implications for their quality of life and need for health and social care services. It is vital that these issues are addressed in research, and in clinical practice if thalidomide survivors are to "age well". Birth Defects Research 109:296-299, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
['Abnormalities, Drug-Induced', 'Adult', 'Aging', 'Child', 'Disabled Persons', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Interdisciplinary Studies', 'Leprostatic Agents', 'Middle Aged', 'Pharmacovigilance', 'Pregnancy', 'Quality of Life', 'Thalidomide', 'United Kingdom']
| 28,398,668
|
[['C16.131.042'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.345.124'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['I02.158.405'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.777'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.337.800.600', 'N06.850.505.636'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Biodegradation of poly(butylene succinate) powder in a controlled compost at 58°C evaluated by naturally-occurring carbon 14 amounts in evolved CO(2) based on the ISO 14855-2 method.
|
The biodegradabilities of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) powders in a controlled compost at 58 degrees C have been studied using a Microbial Oxidative Degradation Analyzer (MODA) based on the ISO 14855-2 method, entitled "Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled composting conditions-Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide-Part 2: Gravimetric measurement of carbon dioxide evolved in a laboratory-scale test". The evolved CO(2) was trapped by an additional aqueous Ba(OH)(2) solution. The trapped BaCO(3) was transformed into graphite via a serial vaporization and reduction reaction using a gas-tight tube and vacuum manifold system. This graphite was analyzed by accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) to determine the percent modern carbon [pMC (sample)] based on the (14)C radiocarbon concentration. By using the theory that pMC (sample) was the sum of the pMC (compost) (109.87%) and pMC (PBS) (0%) as the respective ratio in the determined period, the CO(2) (respiration) was calculated from only one reaction vessel. It was found that the biodegradabilities determined by the CO(2) amount from PBS in the sample vessel were about 30% lower than those based on the ISO method. These differences between the ISO and AMS methods are caused by the fact that part of the carbons from PBS are changed into metabolites by the microorganisms in the compost, and not changed into CO(2).
|
['Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Butylene Glycols', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Graphite', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Polymers', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Temperature']
| 20,057,944
|
[['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D02.033.455.125'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['D01.268.150.300', 'D01.578.300'], ['E05.196.566'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Expression and subcellular localization of mechano-growth factor in osteoblasts under mechanical stretch.
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Mechano-growth factor (MGF) is a stretch sensitive factor in myocytes, and it might also be produced by other mechanocytes under mechanical stimulation. In this study, both the mRNA and protein expression of MGF were detected in stretched osteoblasts. Quantitative analysis showed that a cyclic stretching stimulation caused a quick and sharp increase of MGF mRNA and protein expression from a low basal level under no stretch; the mRNA and protein levels respectively peaked in 6 and 12 h to 5 and 5.2 fold over the basal level and returned to normal by 24 h. The subcellular distribution of MGF protein was revealed by immunofluorescence analysis to be restricted to the nucleus. We concluded that cyclic stretching stimulation could induce MGF expression in osteoblasts in a pulsing fashion; and the nuclear distribution of MGF suggested that MGF might act in mechanocytes as an autocrine growth factor.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Osteoblasts', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Time Factors']
| 19,911,128
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.251'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['A11.329.629'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bucindolol improves right ventricle function in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension through the reversal of autonomic imbalance.
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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by an elevation in afterload imposed on the right ventricle (RV), leading to hypertrophy and failure. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a key role in the progression to heart failure, and the use of beta-blockers attenuates this process. The aim of this study was to verify the role of bucindolol, aâ1-, â2- and á1-blocker, on the ANS, and its association with RV function in rats with PAH. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, monocrotaline, control+bucindolol, and monocrotaline+bucindolol. PAH was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (60mg/kg). After two weeks, animals were treated for seven days with bucindolol (2mg/kg/day i.p.) or vehicle. At the end of the treatment, animals underwent echocardiographic assessment, catheterisation of the femoral artery and RV, and tissue collection for morphometric and histological evaluation. In the monocrotaline+bucindolol group, there was a decrease in mean pulmonary artery pressure (33%) and pulmonary congestion (21%), when compared to the monocrotaline. Bucindolol treatment also reduced RV pleomorphism, necrosis, fibrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells. An improvement in RV systolic function was also observed in the monocrotaline+bucindolol group compared to the monocrotaline. In addition, bucindolol promoted a decrease in the cardiac sympathovagal balance (93%) by reducing sympathetic drive (70%) and increasing parasympathetic drive (142%). Bucindolol also reduced blood pressure variability (75%). Our results show that the beneficial effects from bucindolol treatment appeared to be a consequence of the reversal of monocrotaline-induced autonomic imbalance.
|
['Animals', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Blood Pressure', 'Electrocardiography', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Male', 'Monocrotaline', 'Propanolamines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Ventricular Pressure']
| 28,011,346
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.800.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541.560'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['D03.132.716.500', 'D03.633.100.772.500'], ['D02.033.100.624', 'D02.033.755.624', 'D02.092.063.624'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G09.330.380.937', 'G09.330.955.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prasugrel Use in Real Life: A Report From the Outpatient Setting in France.
|
The objective of this study was to provide descriptive statistics on patterns of prasugrel usage in the outpatient setting in France. This retrospective study was conducted to describe treatment patterns for prasugrel in the outpatient setting in France using the Intercontinental Marketing Services (IMS) Disease Analyzer database, which collates electronic medical records updated by a nationally representative database of 1200 French general practitioners (GPs). Anonymous data were collected prospectively at each follow-up visit. The study population consisted of patients with ?1 prescription for prasugrel in the outpatient setting from its launch date to 3 years post-launch. Patients were followed up from the date of the first prescription for prasugrel recorded in the database until they died, changed GP, or reached the end of the study, whichever came first. In France, the IMS Disease Analyzer included 1052 patients receiving ?1 prescription of prasugrel from January 2010 until October 2012. Eighty-five percent of the population was male. The mean age was 58 years; 94.3% were age <75 years, and 95.0% weighed ?60 kg. Of the total, 99.8% of patients were prescribed a daily maintenance dose of 10 mg, and 0.2% had a history of transient ischemic attack/stroke. Concomitant medications were antiplatelet agents (100%; aspirin, 93.7%), lipid-lowering agents (90.1%), â-blockers (83.7%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (62.2%), and anti-ulcer medications (55.1%). The results reflect good usage of prasugrel by French GPs in the outpatient setting, with excellent implementation of the Prasugrel European Summary Product Characteristics.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Aged', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outpatients', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Prasugrel Hydrochloride', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 27,299,993
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N03.219.151'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.643.630'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D02.886.778.600', 'D03.383.606.800', 'D03.383.903.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Process development for ethical recruitment of patients into simultaneous clinical studies in a chiropractic research clinic.
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OBJECTIVE: To develop a process at one institution that creates an ethical means to bring other research projects to the attention of an individual who was excluded from the project for which they originally expressed interest, and to discuss the ethical issues surrounding patient recruitment and enrollment.METHOD: General consensus process via meetings of investigators involved in the ongoing trials at one institution.RESULTS: A process and flow sheet for offering new study information to individuals who did not meet the criteria for participation was developed. Once rejected, an individual can be asked if they wish to learn about other studies, are sent home with information, and are instructed to call back if they wish to volunteer. Consent can be used to take baseline information from the first study and apply it to the second.CONCLUSION: This process was developed and implemented for use in this research center.
|
['Chiropractic', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Data Collection', 'Humans', 'Informed Consent', 'Iowa', 'Organizational Case Studies', 'Patient Selection', 'Program Development']
| 17,509,438
|
[['H02.110'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.473.650.718', 'I01.880.604.583.427', 'N03.706.437.650.312', 'N03.706.535.489'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.370'], ['N03.349.380.710', 'N05.715.360.455'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['N04.452.760']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A survey of self-perceived educational needs of general dental practitioners in the Merseyside region.
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AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-perceived educational needs of a randomly selected group of general dental practitioners (GDPs) in the Merseyside region (UK).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-seven GDPs were randomly selected from 850 in the region and asked to complete a self-evaluation questionnaire regarding their self-perceived educational needs.RESULTS: Seventy-five (86%) responded, of which 52 (69.3%) were male and 23 (30.7%) female. There was no significant difference in self-perceived knowledge in any of the dental disciplines when gender and period of time since qualification were used as predictor variables. The majority of the GDPs felt they had a good knowledge of restorative dentistry and dental radiography. Some of the GDPs felt they had poor knowledge in implant dentistry, oral medicine, orthodontics, dental sedation techniques, oral surgery, endodontics, periodontics and dental radiography. None of the respondents felt they had poor knowledge in restorative dentistry, prosthodontics and paediatric dentistry. Seventy-four (98.7%) of the responding GDPs were motivated to attend continuing professional development (CPD) courses because of an interest in a particular dental discipline and only one reported attending out of personal learning needs. Implant dentistry was indicated by 30 (40.0%) of the respondents as their training programme of choice.CONCLUSIONS: The respondents had high self-perceived knowledge of restorative dentistry, dental radiography, periodontics, endodontics, paediatric dentistry and prosthodontics. The respondents had low self-perceived knowledge of implant dentistry, orthodontics, oral medicine and dental sedation techniques. Of GDPs surveyed, 98.7% applied for courses they liked to attend, rather than needed to attend. Fifty-two per cent of male GDPs surveyed expressed a desire for training in implant dentistry.
|
['Anesthesiology', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Conscious Sedation', 'Dental Implantation', 'Dentistry, Operative', 'Education, Dental, Continuing', 'Endodontics', 'England', 'Female', 'General Practice, Dental', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Needs Assessment', 'Oral Medicine', 'Orthodontics', 'Pediatric Dentistry', 'Periodontics', 'Prosthodontics', 'Radiography, Dental', 'Radiology', 'Sex Factors', 'Surgery, Oral', 'Time Factors']
| 16,004,713
|
[['H02.403.066'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E03.250'], ['E04.545.550.280', 'E04.650.230', 'E06.645.550.280', 'E06.780.314'], ['E06.323', 'H02.163.180'], ['I02.358.212.249', 'I02.358.274.316'], ['E06.397', 'H02.163.876.213'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['H02.163.342'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['E06.640', 'H02.163.670'], ['E06.658', 'H02.163.876.439'], ['H02.163.876.600'], ['E06.721', 'H02.163.876.623'], ['E06.780', 'H02.163.876.708'], ['E01.370.350.700.720', 'E06.342.764'], ['H02.403.740'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E06.892', 'H02.163.876.886'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Physician respect for patients with obesity.
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INTRODUCTION: Obesity stigma is common in our society, and a general stigma towards obesity has also been documented in physicians. We hypothesized that physician respect for patients would be lower in patients with higher body mass index (BMI).METHODS: We analyzed data from the baseline visit of 40 physicians and 238 patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of patient-physician communication. The independent variable was BMI, and the outcome was physician respect for the patient. We performed Poisson regression analyses with robust variance estimates, accounting for clustering of patients within physicians, to examine the association between BMI and physician ratings of respect for particular patients.RESULTS: The mean (SD) BMI of the patients was 32.9(8.1) kg/m(2). Physicians had low respect for 39% of the participants. Higher BMI was significantly and negatively associated with respect [prevalence ratio (PrR) 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95; p = 0.006; per 10 kg/m(2) increase in BMI]. BMI remained significantly associated with respect after adjustment for patient age and gender (PrR 0.86, 95%CI: 0.74-1.00; p = 0.049).CONCLUSION: We found that higher patient BMI was associated with lower physician respect. Further research is needed to understand if lower physician respect for patients with higher BMI adversely affects the quality of care.
|
['Aged', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Body Mass Index', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Prejudice']
| 19,763,700
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['F01.145.813.550', 'F01.829.595']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The incidence and prevalence of dermatitis herpetiformis in Utah.
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BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: The incidence and prevalence of dermatitis herpetiformis has never been formally evaluated in any area of the United States. Several northern European studies have shown prevalence rates ranging from 1.2 per 100,000 to 39.2 per 100,000. The present study was performed to evaluate the incidence and prevalence of dermatitis herpetiformis in Utah. Information from 240 patients diagnosed with dermatitis herpetiformis was compiled from hospital records throughout Utah, as well as the sole private dermatopathologist in the state, and from the university referral center of the state. Criteria for inclusion in the study were a clinical diagnosis of dermatitis herpetiformis plus granular deposition of IgA in dermal papillae by direct immunofluorescence of uninvolved skin, or histopathologic findings consistent with the disease. Clinical diagnosis and response to dapsone alone was considered insufficient for inclusion in the study. On the basis of these criteria, as well as exclusion of non-Utah residents, 188 of the original 240 patients qualified for the study.RESULTS: The prevalence of dermatitis herpetiformis in Utah in 1987 was 11.2 per 100,000. The mean incidence for the years 1978 through 1987 was 0.98 per 100,000 per year. The mean age at onset of symptoms for male patients was 40.1 years, and that for female patients was 36.2 years. The male-female ratio was 1.44:1.CONCLUSIONS: This represents the first evaluation of the incidence and prevalence of dermatitis herpetiformis in the United States. These results are similar to those of the previous studies, probably because of Utah's largely northern European ancestry. This population base, plus a much smaller than average black and Oriental population, is likely to have produced a higher incidence and prevalence in Utah than would be seen in other areas of the United States.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Dermatitis Herpetiformis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Seasons', 'Utah']
| 1,456,754
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C17.800.174.360', 'C17.800.865.360', 'C20.111.318'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mentors' perceptions and experiences of supporting student nurses in practice.
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This paper reports on a funded project that explored the perceptions and experiences of mentors regarding student nurse support in practice. The study employed a mixed-method approach, using questionnaires and focus groups with mentors from one acute Trust and one community Trust. The findings highlighted the multifaceted nature of student learning in practice, with mentors reporting that clinical skills, adjustment to the placement and integrating into the team were the aspects students needed most support with. Mentors were aware of their roles and responsibilities in supporting students and recognized the importance of their own personal attributes. The participants reported a number of challenges, particularly time, competing demands and paperwork, and suggested that a team approach and support groups could help to overcome these. The support for students provided by peers and health-care assistants was recognized, as was the need to ensure that students are prepared to take responsibility for their learning.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'England', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Mentors', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Social Support', 'Students, Nursing', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 25,157,940
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.395'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Identification and genotyping of hepatitis C virus in injectable and oral drug users in New Zealand.
|
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus infections are known to be common in injectable drug users (IDU) both in New Zealand and overseas. Little is known of the hepatitis C genotype frequency in this population.AIMS: To confirm the high incidence of hepatitis C virus infections in IDU and compare this with the frequency in oral drug users (ODU) as well as identify the pattern of hepatitis C genotypes present.METHODS: Use was made of an experimental nucleocapsid assay as well as a conventional anti-HCV assay. HCV-RNA was identified using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and a variation of this method was used for HCV genotyping.RESULTS: Seventy-four per cent of IDU were reactive for anti-HCV in both types of assay. PCR testing detected several more reactive samples. Dominant genotypes were Types I and V, but Type IV was not detected. Mixed infections were noted in some patients. There was a low frequency of anti-HCV in ODU.CONCLUSIONS: Hepatitis C virus infections are a problem in IDU in New Zealand, and additional public health measures may be required. The distribution of genotypes of HCV-RNA are similar to those seen in other Western countries.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis Antibodies', 'Hepatitis C', 'Hepatitis C Antibodies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'New Zealand', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Viral', 'Substance Abuse, Intravenous', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 7,516,149
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.380'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.510', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.510', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['C25.775.793', 'F03.900.793'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The outcome of haemopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma in the UK: a British Society Bone Marrow Transplantation study.
|
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LL) is incurable by standard therapy (median survival: 60 months). UK transplant registry data 1984-2003 identified 18 cases of histologically verified LL (median age: 50 years, range: 38-58 years). Nine patients received high dose chemotherapy [plus total body irradiation (TBI) in 1/9] and autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). Disease status at transplant was complete remission (2), partial remission (5), primary refractory (1) or relapse (1). Transplant related mortality (TRM) at 12 months was 0%. Median follow-up is 44 months with 4 year disease free survival 43% and overall survival 73%. Karnofsky performance status (KPS) is 80-100%. The nine allografted patients (median age: 49 years, range: 39-56 years) were conditioned with standard TBI (2), BEAM (2) or FLU-MEL (5) and received PBSC from HLA-matched sibling (8) or unrelated (1) donors. Disease status at transplant was partial remission (7) or primary refractory (2). TRM at 12 months was 44%. Complications included graft failure (2), grades I-II acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) (2), grades III-IV aGVHD (3) and chronic GVHD (4). Median follow-up is 32 months with 4 year disease free survival 44% and overall survival 56%. KPS is 70-100%.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Karnofsky Performance Status', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Survival Analysis', 'Transplantation Conditioning', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United Kingdom', 'Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia']
| 18,616,880
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['C04.557.595.925', 'C14.907.454.960', 'C15.378.147.780.925', 'C15.378.463.515.960', 'C15.604.515.925', 'C20.683.780.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Very early predictors of conduct problems and crime: results from a national cohort study.
|
BACKGROUND: Longitudinal research has produced a wealth of knowledge about individual, family, and social predictors of crime. However, nearly all studies have started after children are age 5, and little is known about earlier risk factors.METHODS: The 1970 British Cohort Study is a prospective population survey of more than 16,000 children born in 1970. Pregnancy, birth, child, parent, and socioeconomic characteristics were measured from medical records, parent interviews, and child assessments at birth and age 5. Conduct problems were reported by parents at age 10, and criminal convictions were self-reported by study members at ages 30-34.RESULTS: Early (up to age 5) psychosocial risk factors were strong predictors of conduct problems and criminal conviction. Among pregnancy and birth measures, only prenatal maternal smoking was strongly predictive. Risk factors were similar for girls and boys. Additive risk scores predicted antisocial behaviour quite strongly.CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors from pregnancy to age 5 are quite strong predictors of conduct problems and crime. New risk assessment tools could be developed to identify young children at high risk for later antisocial behaviour.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Antisocial Personality Disorder', 'Behavior, Addictive', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Conduct Disorder', 'Crime', 'England', 'Female', 'Health Records, Personal', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Maternal Behavior', 'Parents', 'Personality Assessment', 'Personality Development', 'Pregnancy', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 20,633,069
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F03.675.050'], ['F01.145.527.100.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F03.625.094.300'], ['I01.198.240', 'I01.880.735.191'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.829.263.370.215'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F04.513'], ['F01.752.747'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Internet-based treatment for insomnia: a controlled evaluation.
|
This study investigated the effects of an Internet-based intervention for insomnia. Participants who met criteria for insomnia (N = 109) were randomly assigned to either a cognitive-behavioral self-help treatment or a waiting list control condition. The 5-week intervention mainly consisted of sleep restriction, stimulus control, and cognitive restructuring. Sleep diary data were collected for 2 weeks at baseline and at posttreatment. The dropout rate was 24% (n = 28). Results showed statistically significant improvements in the treatment group on many outcome measures, including total sleep time, total wake time in bed, and sleep efficiency. However, improvements were also found in the control group. Overall, between-groups effect sizes were low, with the exception of the Beliefs and Attitudes About Sleep Scale (Cohen's d =.81).
|
['Adolescent', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Self-Help Groups', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 14,756,620
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['N03.540.782'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Excessive leakage radiation measured on two mobile X-ray units due to the methodology used by the manufacturer to calculate and specify the required tube shielding.
|
During the quality control (QC) procedure of a new mobile X-ray unit, it was revealed that the leakage radiation was well in excess of the current limit of 1 mSv h(-1). As a result, this unit was returned to the vendor company and it was replaced by a new unit of the same brand and model. Leakage measurements revealed that the second unit presented the same problem. After consulting the vendor company and the tube manufacturer, it was discovered that the excessive leakage identified in these two X-ray units was not due to a defective construction, but due to the methodology with which the maximum permissible leakage and therefore the tube shielding had been determined. In this study, the implications of using such methods to the radiation protection of personnel and public are discussed.
|
['Calibration', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Mobile Health Units', 'Quality Control', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Protection', 'Radiography', 'Radiometry']
| 16,489,198
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.421.702', 'N02.421.726.233.628'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['N06.850.810.425'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.799']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Modification of the association between alcohol drinking and non-HDL cholesterol by gender.
|
BACKGROUND: Serum non-HDL cholesterol is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases. We studied the relationship between habitual alcohol drinking and non-HDL cholesterol.METHODS: Healthy male subjects (n = 27,005) and female subjects (n = 16,805) were divided into 5 groups by average daily ethanol intake. Serum non-HDL cholesterol level and prevalence of serum high non-HDL cholesterol (> or = 170 mg/dl) were compared among the groups.RESULTS: Non-HDL cholesterol level and prevalence of high non-HDL cholesterol became lower as alcohol intake increased. The threshold alcohol intake in the drinker groups showing significantly lower non-HDL cholesterol level and significantly lower prevalence of high non-HDL cholesterol, compared with those in non-drinkers, was lower in women (<10 g/d) than in men (> or = 10 and <20 g/d). Odds ratios of each drinker group vs. the non-drinker group for high non-HDL cholesterol became lower as alcohol intake increased. The odds ratio of each drinker group vs. the non-drinker group for high non-HDL cholesterol tended to be lower in women than in men.CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that even light drinking is sufficient to significantly lower serum non-HDL cholesterol and that this effect of alcohol drinking on non-HDL cholesterol is more pronounced in women than in men.
|
['Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Factors']
| 19,336,233
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['D02.033.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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