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Transport of Gold Nanoparticles by Vascular Endothelium from Different Human Tissues.
|
The selective entry of nanoparticles into target tissues is the key factor which determines their tissue distribution. Entry is primarily controlled by microvascular endothelial cells, which have tissue-specific properties. This study investigated the cellular properties involved in selective transport of gold nanoparticles (<5 nm) coated with PEG-amine/galactose in two different human vascular endothelia. Kidney endothelium (ciGENC) showed higher uptake of these nanoparticles than brain endothelium (hCMEC/D3), reflecting their biodistribution in vivo. Nanoparticle uptake and subcellular localisation was quantified by transmission electron microscopy. The rate of internalisation was approximately 4x higher in kidney endothelium than brain endothelium. Vesicular endocytosis was approximately 4x greater than cytosolic uptake in both cell types, and endocytosis was blocked by metabolic inhibition, whereas cytosolic uptake was energy-independent. The cellular basis for the different rates of internalisation was investigated. Morphologically, both endothelia had similar profiles of vesicles and cell volumes. However, the rate of endocytosis was higher in kidney endothelium. Moreover, the glycocalyces of the endothelia differed, as determined by lectin-binding, and partial removal of the glycocalyx reduced nanoparticle uptake by kidney endothelium, but not brain endothelium. This study identifies tissue-specific properties of vascular endothelium that affects their interaction with nanoparticles and rate of transport.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Brain', 'Cytosol', 'Endocytosis', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Gold', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Polysaccharides', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 27,560,685
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['G04.417'], ['A11.436.275'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D09.698'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multiscale noise suppression and feature frequency extraction in SSVEP based on underdamped second-order stochastic resonance.
|
OBJECTIVE: As one of the commonly used control signals of brain-computer interface (BCI), steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) exhibits advantages of stability, periodicity and minimal training requirements. However, SSVEP retains the non-linear, non-stationary and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) characteristics of EEG. The traditional SSVEP extraction methods regard noise as harmful information and highlight the useful signal by suppressing the noise. In the collected EEG, noise and SSVEP are usually coupled together, the useful signal is inevitably attenuated while the noise is suppressed. Also, an additional band-pass filter is needed to eliminate the multi-scale noise, which causes the edge effect.APPROACH: To address this issue, a novel method based on underdamped second-order stochastic resonance (USSR) is proposed in this paper for SSVEP extraction.MAIN RESULTS: A synergistic effect produced by noise, useful signal and the nonlinear system can force the energy of noise to be transferred into SSVEP, and hence amplifying the useful signal while suppressing multi-scale noise. The recognition performances of detection are compared with the widely-used canonical coefficient analysis (CCA) and multivariate synchronization index (MSI).SIGNIFICANCE: The comparison results indicate that USSR exhibits increased accuracy and faster processing speed, which effectively improves the information transmission rate (ITR) of SSVEP-based BCI.
|
['Adult', 'Electroencephalography', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio', 'Stochastic Processes', 'Young Adult']
| 30,959,496
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Accountability for quality of care: Monitoring all aspects of quality across a framework adapted for action.
|
Quality of care is essential to maternal and newborn survival. The multidimensional nature of quality of care means that frameworks are useful for capturing it. The present paper proposes an adaptation to a widely used quality of care framework for maternity services. The framework subdivides quality into two inter-related dimensions-provision and experience of care-but suggests adaptations to reflect changes in the concept of quality over the past 15years. The application of the updated framework is presented in a case study, which uses it to measure and inform quality improvements in northern Nigeria across the reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health continuum of care. Data from 231 sampled basic and comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care (BEmONC and CEmONC) facilities in six northern Nigerian states showed that only 35%-47% of facilities met minimum quality standards in infrastructure. Standards for human resources performed better with 49%-73% reaching minimum standards. A framework like this could form the basis for a certification scheme. Certification offers a practical and concrete opportunity to drive quality standards up and reward good performance. It also offers a mechanism to strengthen accountability.
|
['Continuity of Patient Care', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Maternal-Child Health Services', 'Nigeria', 'Pregnancy', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Social Responsibility']
| 26,723,043
|
[['E02.760.169', 'N02.421.585.169', 'N04.590.233.727.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N02.421.143.130.660', 'N02.421.143.620.275'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['F01.829.500.760', 'K01.752.566.869']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 1
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National practice patterns and time trends in androgen ablation for localized prostate cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent reports have suggested that growing numbers of patients with localized prostate cancer are receiving androgen deprivation therapy as primary or neoadjuvant treatment, yet sparse clinical evidence supports the use of such treatment except among patients with high-risk or locally advanced disease receiving external beam radiotherapy. We describe national trends in the use of androgen deprivation therapy for localized disease.METHODS: CaPSURE is an observational database of 7195 patients with prostate cancer. This study included 3439 of these patients who were diagnosed since 1989, had clinical staging information available, and were treated with radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, or primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT). High-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups were defined by serum prostate-specific antigen level, Gleason score, and clinical tumor stage. Time trends in the use of PADT and neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) were analyzed. All statistical tests were two-sided.RESULTS: Rates of PADT use rose sharply between 1989 and 2001, from 4.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.4% to 5.8%) to 14.2% (95% CI = 12.2% to 16.2%), from 8.9% (95% CI = 7.3% to 10.5%) to 19.7% (95% CI = 17.5% to 21.9%), and from 32.8% (95% CI = 29.9% to 35.7%) to 48.2% (95% CI = 45.1% to 51.3%) (all P<.001) in low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively. NADT use also increased in association with radical prostatectomy (2.9% [95% CI = 2.1% to 3.7%] to 7.8% [95% CI = 6.5% to 9.1%] of patients, P =.003) and external beam radiotherapy (9.8% [95% CI = 7.5% to 12.1%] to 74.6% [95% CI = 70.8% to 78.4%], P<.001) across all risk levels combined. Rates of NADT use among patients treated with brachytherapy also increased but not statistically significantly (7.4% [95% CI = 3.5% to 11.3%] to 24.6% [95% CI = 18.2% to 31.0%], P =.100).CONCLUSIONS: Rates of both PADT and NADT are increasing across risk groups and treatment types. Future clinical trials must define more clearly the appropriate role of hormonal therapy in localized prostate cancer, and their results should shape updated practice guidelines.
|
['Aged', 'Androgen Antagonists', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Utilization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States']
| 12,837,834
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D06.347.065', 'D27.505.696.399.450.065'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['E02.319.283'], ['N04.452.706.477'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.186.450'], ['E01.789.625'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A microcomputer program to analyze the CD spectrum of proteins and nucleic acids--use of LOTUS 1-2-3 spread sheet.
|
A user friendly interactive computer program, CIRDIC, is developed which calculates the molar ellipticity and molar circular dichroic absorption coefficients from the CD spectrum. This, in combination with LOTUS 1-2-3 spread sheet, will give the spectra of above parameters vs wavelength. The code is implemented in MicroSoft FORTRAN 77 which runs on any IBM compatible PC under MSDOS environment.
|
['Algorithms', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Humans', 'Microcomputers', 'Nucleic Acids', 'Proteins', 'Software']
| 1,790,689
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.260.550'], ['D13.444'], ['D12.776'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 antagonist CP-154,526 reverses stress-induced learning deficits in mice.
|
The neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) coordinates the endocrine responses to stress as a major physiological regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We assessed the effect of the non-peptidergic CRF receptor 1 antagonist CP-154,526 on stress-induced changes in context-dependent fear conditioning and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. The learning impairment of mice trained immediately after 1 h immobilization could be overcome by preinjection of CP-154,526 before exposure to immobilization. Exposure to acute stress reduced the amount of autophosphorylated Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the hippocampal CA1 area. When animals were pretreated with CP-154,526 before immobilization, the amount of hippocampal autophosphorylated CaMKII was elevated. Electrophysiological studies in the hippocampal CA1 region of stressed animals revealed no significant effects of the CP-154,526 pretreatment on long-term potentiation but a significant elevation of paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) was observed. The CP-154,526-induced enhancements in fear conditioning and PPF could be prevented by the selective CaMKII inhibitor KN-62. Our results demonstrated that learning impairment after acute stress was antagonized by CP-154,526 pretreatment.
|
['Animals', 'Arousal', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Culture Techniques', 'Fear', 'Hippocampus', 'Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Long-Term Potentiation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Pituitary-Adrenal System', 'Pyrimidines', 'Pyrroles', 'Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 12,527,451
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['E05.481.500'], ['F01.470.361'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['A06.688.357', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435', 'A08.713.357'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['G11.561.638.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G11.561.638'], ['A06.300.691'], ['D03.383.742'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.180', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.290', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.290', 'D12.776.543.750.750.700.150'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Pneumothorax in neonates and infants].
|
Pneumothorax in newborns and infants can have different etiologies: alveolar disruption following mechanic ventilation or reanimation, surgery for congenital diaphragmatic hernia or esophagus atresia, staphylococcal pneumonia, or thoracic traumas. We studied 105 cases of pneumothorax (96 newborns) treated in our hospital during the last 15 years. Pleural puncture with drainage and antimicrobial therapy were the treatments of choice. Due to early diagnosis and treatment of the pneumothorax and concomitant anomalies mortality was reduced to 17.4%.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Drainage', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pneumothorax']
| 1,983,662
|
[['E01.171'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C08.528.778']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Multipoint linkage analysis. A cautionary note.
|
Multipoint linkage analysis is commonly used to evaluate linkage of a disease to multiple markers in a small region. Multipoint analysis is particularly powerful when the IBD relations of family members at the trait locus are ambiguous. The increased power arises because, unlike single-marker analyses, multipoint analysis uses haplotype information from several markers to infer the IBD relations. We wish to temper this advantage with a cautionary note: multipoint analysis is sensitive to power loss due to misspecification of intermarker distances. Such misspecification is especially problematic when dealing with closely spaced markers. We present computer simulations comparing the power of single-point and multipoint analyses, both when IBD relations are ambiguous, and when the intermarker distances are misspecified. We conclude that when evaluating markers in a small region to confirm or refute previous findings, a situation in which p values of modest statistical significance are important, single marker analyses may provide more reliable measures of the strength of support for linkage than multipoint statistics.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Genetic Linkage', 'Genetic Markers', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Genetic', 'Models, Statistical', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Prostatic Neoplasms']
| 10,436,380
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['G05.348'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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|
Approach, Technical Success, Complications, and Stent Patency of Sharp Recanalization for the Treatment of Chronic Venous Occlusive Disease: Experience in 123 Patients.
|
PURPOSE: To report the technical success and complications following sharp recanalization of chronic venous occlusions.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 123 patients, including 75 (61.0%) men and 48 (39.0%) women, with mean age of 50.5 ± 17.5 years (range 19-90 years), underwent sharp recanalization of chronic venous occlusions. The etiologies of occlusion were chronic deep venous thrombosis (n = 43; 35.0%), prior central venous access (n = 39; 31.7%), indwelling cardiac leads (n = 21; 17.1%), and occluded venous stents (n = 20; 16.3%). The sites of venous occlusion included 59/123 (48.0%) thoracic central veins, 37 (30.1%) non-thoracic central veins, and 27 (22.0%) peripheral veins. Median length of occlusion was 3.2 ± 1.4 cm (range 1.3-10.9 cm).RESULTS: Sharp recanalization was most commonly attempted with transseptal needles in 108/123 (87.8%), with a mean number of 1.2 ± 0.4 crossing devices per patient (range 1-4 devices). Targeting devices included a loop snare (n = 92; 74.8%), partially deployed Wallstent (n = 21; 17.1%), partially deployed Amplatzer vascular plug (n = 8; 6.5%), and an angioplasty balloon (n = 3; 2.4%). Technical success was achieved in 111 (90.2%) patients. There were 3 (2.4%) severe, 1 (0.8%) moderate, and 7 (5.7%) minor adverse events. Severe adverse events included 1 case each of pericardial tamponade, hemothorax, and inferior vena cava filter occlusion. 88 (71.5%) patients had venous stents placed; at the last follow-up examination, 68/86 (79.0%) stents were patent.CONCLUSION: Sharp recanalization has a high technical success and low rate of adverse events in the recanalization of chronic venous occlusions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Chronic Disease', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stents', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Patency', 'Young Adult']
| 30,460,385
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.907.137'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G09.330.920'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Current status of procedural skills training in physician assistant programs in the United States.
|
PURPOSE: To describe procedural skills training in physician assistant (PA) programs in the United States.METHODS: An online cross-sectional seven-item survey was administered to program directors of the then 154 accredited PA programs in the US in 2012. Outcome measures were: number of programs having formal skills lists, skills courses, and/or learning activities; sources used in developing list contents; and methods used in evaluating performance competency during the preclinical, clinical, and summative evaluation phases. Respondents were invited to submit a copy of their skills list.RESULTS: One hundred and one programs responded, for a response rate of 66%. Ninety-six percent of respondents maintained skills lists, and 99% taught skills during the preclinical curriculum. The most frequent sources used in developing list contents were: program director; academic coordinator; other PA faculty; and clinical coordinator. Thirty-five percent of respondents submitted skills lists. The five most common skills taught were: bladder catheterization, casting and splinting, suturing, venipuncture, and injection techniques. However, not all skills were uniformly taught. Faculty evaluation on inanimate or live models was the most common assessment method in the preclinical phase; student self-reporting was the most common in the clinical phase. Seventy-six percent of respondents evaluated performance competency as a part of summative evaluation.CONCLUSION: Most US PA programs had a skills list and taught skills during their preclinical curriculum. List contents were determined primarily by program faculty but lacked uniformity. Across programs, skills evaluation was more consistent during the preclinical than the clinical phase.
|
['Clinical Competence', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Curriculum', 'Educational Measurement', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Physician Assistants', 'United States']
| 25,622,368
|
[['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['M01.526.485.067.740', 'N02.360.067.740'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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Calcium homeostasis in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
|
RATIONALE: Cardiomyocytes generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are suggested as the most promising candidate to replenish cardiomyocyte loss in regenerative medicine. Little is known about their calcium homeostasis, the key process underlying excitation-contraction coupling.OBJECTIVE: We investigated the calcium handling properties of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and compared with those from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).METHODS AND RESULTS: We differentiated cardiomyocytes from hiPSCs (IMR90 and KS1) and hESCs (H7 and HES3) with established protocols. Beating outgrowths from embryoid bodies were typically observed 2 weeks after induction. Cells in these outgrowths were stained positively for tropomyosin and sarcomeric alpha-actinin. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction studies demonstrated the expressions of cardiac-specific markers in both hiPSC- and hESC-derived cardiomyocytes. Calcium handling properties of 20-day-old hiPSC- and hESC-derived cardiomyocytes were investigated using fluorescence confocal microscopy. Compared with hESC-derived cardiomyocytes, spontaneous calcium transients from both lines of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were of significantly smaller amplitude and with slower maximal upstroke velocity. Better caffeine-induced calcium handling kinetics in hESC-CMs indicates a higher sacroplasmic recticulum calcium store. Furthermore, in contrast with hESC-derived cardiomyocytes, ryanodine did not reduce the amplitudes, maximal upstroke and decay velocity of calcium transients of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. In addition, spatial inhomogeneity in temporal properties of calcium transients across the width of cardiomyocytes was more pronounced in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes than their hESC counterpart as revealed line-scan calcium imaging. Expressions of the key calcium-handling proteins including ryanodine recptor-2 (RyR2), sacroplasmic recticulum calcium-ATPase (SERCA), junction (Jun) and triadin (TRDN), were significantly lower in hiPSC than in hESCs.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate the calcium handling properties of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes are relatively immature to hESC counterparts.
|
['Caffeine', 'Calcium', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Ryanodine', 'Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases', 'Time Factors']
| 21,614,516
|
[['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.872.040.500', 'A11.872.700.500'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D02.455.849.291.686', 'D03.132.740', 'D03.383.129.578.805'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.800', 'D12.776.210.500.800', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.800', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.800'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.250.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.500.500', 'D12.776.157.530.813.250.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.813.250.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subcellular localization of aldosterone-induced proteins in toad urinary bladders.
|
Paired toad urinary hemibladders were incubated with [35S]methionine in the presence (experimental) or absence (control) of aldosterone. Short-circuit current was used to monitor aldosterone-induced Na+ transport. Protein synthesis in epithelial cell subcellular fractions (cytosolic, microsomal, mitochondrial) was evaluated by gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. Aldosterone-induced proteins were identified in the cytosolic and microsomal fractions (70 000 and 15 000 daltons, respectively). These results represent the first demonstration of aldosterone-induced proteins in subcellular fractions of epithelial cells derived from single toad urinary hemibladders.
|
['Aldosterone', 'Animals', 'Bufo marinus', 'Cytosol', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Methionine', 'Microsomes', 'Molecular Weight', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Proteins', 'Sodium', 'Urinary Bladder']
| 6,783,090
|
[['D04.210.500.745.745.654.062', 'D06.472.040.585.353.118'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.210.580'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['G02.494'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D12.776'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['A05.810.890']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of addition of Tween 80 and potassium dihydrogenphosphate to basal medium on the isolation of marine eukaryotes, thraustochytrids.
|
Tween 80, KH(2)PO(4) and tomato juice were added to basal medium for the isolation of thraustochytrids. By the addition of Tween 80 and KH(2)PO(4), the number of thraustochytrids isolated from seawater increased. KH(2)PO(4) and Tween 80 were considered to be useful for isolating thraustochytrids.
|
['Cell Separation', 'Culture Media', 'Eukaryotic Cells', 'Phosphates', 'Polysorbates', 'Potassium Compounds']
| 18,558,350
|
[['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['A11.450'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.690', 'D05.750.741.700', 'D25.720.741.700', 'J01.637.051.720.741.700'], ['D01.745']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Encephalitis.
|
The CPD article provided information on encephalitis and focused on prioritising people and addressing the needs of the patient, their family and carers. The article encourages nurses to ensure that the fundamentals of care are delivered effectively and that physical, psychological and social needs are addressed.
|
['Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Encephalitis', 'Humans', 'United Kingdom']
| 26,838,658
|
[['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['C10.228.140.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Ultrasonography-accessed luteal size endpoint that most closely associates with circulating progesterone during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy in beef cows.
|
The aim was to evaluate the associations between circulating P4 concentrations, corpus luteum (CL) size (diameter, area or volume) and blood perfusion (BP) in cows. In Experiment 1, Pearson's correlations (P < 0.05) with P4 concentrations were observed during CL development (D8) for total area (TA; r = 0.76), luteal area (ACL; r = 0.72), total and luteal diameter (TD and DCL respectively; r = 0.46). During mid-late diestrus, there was a positive correlation (P < 0.05) only at D15 with TA and ACL (r > 0.60), TD, total volume (TV) and luteal volume (VCL; r > 0.434). During luteal regression, the correlation was only observed at D18 for ACL (r = 0.478) and D20 with several variables. In Experiment 2, CL weight and ACL had the greatest correlation with P4 (r > 0.6). In Experiment 3, TA and ACL were the variables that were most closely correlated with serum P4 concentrations at D7 in recipient cows. Correlation coefficients were greater for luteal measurements when there were compact compared with cavitary CLs. In Experiment 4, there was no correlation (P > 0.05) between P4 and any of the variables measured on D4 and D7 in recipient cows detected in estrus. On D18 to D20, all CL characteristics were correlated (P < 0.05) with plasma P4, and luteal BP and BP area were more closely (P < 0.05) correlated than ACL. In conclusion, CL perimeter area measurements had the greatest association with luteal function during CL development; whereas for BP there was a greater correlation with P4 than luteal size during luteolysis.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Corpus Luteum', 'Estrous Cycle', 'Female', 'Ovulation', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'Progesterone', 'Ultrasonography']
| 30,583,812
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.278', 'A06.300.312.497.278'], ['G08.686.195'], ['G08.686.784.690'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical aspects of sleep disturbances and sleeping drugs.
|
Complaints about sleep disturbances are a common every-day problem in the general practitioner's surgery. Only a few patients need a thorough expert examination in a special sleep laboratory. Thanks to EEG, which makes available a continuous record of uninterrupted sleep cycles, knowledge of the physiology of sleep now includes important information about the normal circadian rhythm of waking and sleeping, the alternation of REM and non-REM periods, and the depth of the individual sleep cycles. EEG results are also an important basis for checking the effect of sleeping drugs. Analysis of sleep disturbances is based on the formal distinction between hypersomnia, and hyposomnia and parasomnia. Etiologically, a distinction must be made between exogenic and endogenic sleep disturbances and attention given to the fact that disturbances of night sleep also affect vigilance on the following day. These considerations are also important for the use of sleeping drugs, whose half-life and biological effect allow a useful differentiation between substances giving impulses to sleep, sleep-inducing drugs, and those enabling uninterrupted sleep during night-time. Sleep disturbances combined with certain other symptoms belong to particular syndromes in which it may be necessary to use sleeping drugs, but these should only be used in combination with other drugs, in order to reduce the risk of side effects, tolerance changes, dependence and addiction with long-term treatment. When a combination of different drugs is given, interference through interaction with lipid or protein binding, and induction or enzyme breakdown in the liver should be taken into account.
|
['Circadian Rhythm', 'Dreams', 'Electroencephalography', 'Humans', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Sleep Stages', 'Sleep Wake Disorders']
| 3,758,121
|
[['G07.180.562.190'], ['F02.463.188.634.309', 'F02.830.855.268'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['F02.830.855.796', 'G11.561.803.754'], ['C10.886', 'C23.888.592.796', 'F03.870']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multilocus analyses of Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone system gene variants on blood pressure at rest and during behavioral stress in young normotensive subjects.
|
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a proteolytic cascade that regulates and maintains blood pressure (BP). This study aimed to explore the interactive and integrative effects of multiple RAAS polymorphisms on BP at rest and during behavioral stress in a normotensive population. A total of 920 young white and black twins (age: 12 to 30 years; 45% blacks) was subjected to three 10-minute stress tasks. Thirteen potential functional polymorphisms from 4 major RAAS genes were genotyped. We performed multilocus prediction allowing for genetic modification effects (gene-gene, gene-gender, gene-ethnicity, and gene-body mass index) using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines and generalized estimating equations. Single polymorphism analyses showed modest effects of M235T (angiotensinogen) and A-239T (angiotensin I-converting enzyme; P value range: 0.005 to 0.036), accounting for approximately 1% of the total variance of systolic BP at rest and during stress. Compared with this, the best multilocus models revealed multiple independent genetic modification effects (gene-gene, gene-gender, and gene-body mass index; P value range: 0.003 to 0.009), accounting for 2.5% and 7.3% of the total variance for systolic BP levels at rest and during stress, respectively. Our data support the hypothesis that multiple RAAS genetic modifications account for BP variation. We conclude that the RAAS genetic modifications may contribute more to the dynamic BP regulation in response to behavioral stress compared with the static BP value. In addition, we reported a gene-gene interaction between M235T (angiotensinogen) and A1159G (angiotensin I-converting enzyme) on stress systolic BP levels. We proposed a viable approach to test for the multiple genetic contributions to BP and hypertension.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Alanine', 'Aldosterone', 'Angiotensinogen', 'Blood Pressure', 'Child', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Variation', 'Glycine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Reference Values', 'Renin-Angiotensin System', 'Rest', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Systole', 'Threonine']
| 17,116,759
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['D12.125.042'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.062', 'D06.472.040.585.353.118'], ['D12.644.456.073.070', 'D12.644.861.020', 'D12.776.811.070', 'D12.776.872.020'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.393.183'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.365'], ['D12.125.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350.687'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813'], ['I03.450.769.647'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of Durable Ventricular Assist Device Support on Outcomes of Patients with Congenital Heart Disease Waiting for Heart Transplant.
|
The number of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients with heart failure is expanding. These patients have a high probability of dying while awaiting heart transplant. The potential for durable ventricular assist devices (VAD) to improve waiting list survival in CHD is unknown. We conducted an analysis of the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database for the primary outcome of death or delisting due to clinical worsening while listed for heart transplant. We compared CHD patients with non-CHD patients matched for listing status. Multivariable models were constructed to account for confounding variables. Congenital heart disease patients were less likely to have a VAD and were more likely to experience the primary outcome of death or delisting due to clinical worsening compared to non-CHD patients. Ventricular assist devices decreased the probability of experiencing the primary outcome for non-CHD but not for CHD patients with a final listing status of 1A. Ventricular assist devices increased the probability of experiencing the primary outcome among CHD patients for those with a final listing status of 1B with no impact in non-CHD patients. Among non-CHD patients who died or were delisted, the time to the primary outcome was delayed by VAD, with a similar trend in CHD. Except for patients with a final listing status of 1B, VAD does not adversely affect waiting list outcomes in CHD patients listed for heart transplant. Ventricular assist devices may prolong waiting list survival among high-risk CHD patients.
|
['Adult', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'Heart Defects, Congenital', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Heart-Assist Devices', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Waiting Lists']
| 31,335,373
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['C14.240.400', 'C14.280.400', 'C16.131.240.400'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['E04.050.430', 'E07.695.300.300', 'E07.858.082.374.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Aeration tank odour by dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) waste in sewage.
|
Sewage plants can experience dimethyl sulphide (DMS) odour problems by at least one mg/L dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) waste residue in plant influent, through a DMSO/DMS reduction mechanism. This bench-scale batch study simulates in bottles the role of poor aeration in wastewater treatment on the DMSO/DMS and sulphate/H2S reduction. The study compares headspace concentrations of sulphide odorants developed by activated sludge (closed bottles, half full) after six hours under anoxic versus anaerobic conditions, with 0 versus 2 mg/L DMSO addition. Anoxic sludge (0.1 - 2 mg/L dissolved oxygen, DO) with DMSO resulted in about 50 ppmv DMS and no other sulphide, while DMSO-free sludge was free of detectable sulphides. Anaerobic sludge (no measurable DO to the point of sulphate reduction) with DMSO resulted in 22/4/37 ppmv of H2S/methanethiol (MT)/DMS, while DMSO-free sludge resulted in 44/8/2 ppmv of H2S/MT/DMS. It is concluded that common "anoxic" aeration tank zones with measurable DO in bulk water but immeasurable DO inside sludge flocs (nitrate reducing) experience DMSO reduction to DMS that is oxidation resistant and becomes the most important odorant. Under anaerobic conditions, H2S from sulphate reduction becomes an additional important odorant. A strategy is developed that allows operators to determine from the quantity of different sulphides whether the DMSO/DMS mechanism is important at their wastewater plant.
|
['Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Dimethyl Sulfoxide', 'Models, Chemical', 'Odorants', 'Oxygen', 'Sewage', 'Sulfur', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Pollution', 'Water Purification']
| 17,489,425
|
[['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D02.886.640.150'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['D01.268.185.900'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.460.790'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of proximal side mutations on the molecular and electronic structure of cyanomet myoglobin: an 1H NMR study.
|
A series of proximal side mutants of sperm whale metmyoglobin (metMb) that involves residues which provide hydrogen bonds to the axial His and heme have been prepared, and the CO binding and solution molecular and electronic structure has been investigated by 1H NMR. These include Ser92(F7), whose O gamma serves as a hydrogen-bond acceptor to the axial His ring NdeltaH and whose O gamma H serves as hydrogen-bond donor to the 7-propionate carboxylate, and His97(FG3) whose ring provides the other hydrogen-bond donor to the 7-propionate carboxylate. 2D NMR data on the S92A-metMbCN, S92P-metMbCN and H97F-metMbCN show that the distal structure is completely conserved and that proximal side structural changes are highly localized. For the S92A-metMbCN, altered dipolar contacts to the F-helix backbone show that the axial His imidazole has rotated clockwise by approximately 10 degrees relative to a stationary heme, while in H97F-metMbCN, the altered heme-E helix backbone contacts reveal that the heme has rotated counterclockwise by approximately 3 degrees relative to a conserved axial His. The pattern of axial His rotation was qualitatively predicted by energy minimization calculations. The assignments and conserved structural elements allow the determination of a set of magnetic axes whose major magnetic axis is unchanged with respect to WT and confirms that local distal, and not proximal, interactions control the orientation of the major magnetic axis and, by inference, the degree and direction of tilt of the Fe-CN from the heme normal. The rhombic magnetic axes in S92A-metMbCN are rotated approximately 10 degrees in the opposite direction from the established approximately 10 degrees rotation for the axial His ring as expected. It is shown, moreover, that the pairwise alpha-, gamma-meso vs beta-, delta-meso-H hyperfine shift differences are well predicted by the change in the location of the rhombic magnetic axes. Carbon monoxide ligation rates experience minor but systematic perturbation for the S92A substitutions which confirms an influence (albeit very small) for axial His orientation on ligand affinity.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Carbon Monoxide', 'Energy Transfer', 'Heme', 'Histidine', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Male', 'Metmyoglobin', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Protons', 'Spermatozoa', 'Whales']
| 9,578,585
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.200.250', 'D01.362.200', 'D01.650.550.250'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.422.316.940.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.865']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Modulation of P-glycoprotein activity by glial factors and retinoic acid in an immortalized rat brain microvessel endothelial cell line.
|
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a product of the multidrug-resistant (mdr) genes, is expressed in the endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Effects of glial factors and retinoic acid (RA) on P-gp activity and level were investigated in the immortalized rat brain endothelial cell line RBE4, which expressed immunodetectable P-gp associated with a decrease in accumulation of the P-gp substrates, vinblastine and colchicine. When RBE4 cells were cultured either in the presence of C6-conditioned medium or on C6- or astrocyte-extracellular matrix, intracellular vinblastine and colchicine concentrations were decreased. When the cells were treated with RA, increases in P-gp activities were correlated with increases in P-gp levels. Effects of simultaneous treatments with glial factors and RA were studied in RBE4 cells cultured on astrocyte-extracellular matrix and were shown to be additive on P-gp activity and level. RBE4 cells may serve as a useful in vitro model for basic research on P-gp regulation at the level of the BBB.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain', 'Cell Line', 'Colchicine', 'Culture Media, Conditioned', 'Cyclosporine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Glioma', 'Microcirculation', 'Rats', 'Tretinoin', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Vinblastine']
| 9,404,823
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D03.132.225'], ['D27.720.470.305.250', 'E07.206.250'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sources of self-identity among Turkish adolescents.
|
As part of the International Self-Identity Research Project, this study explored sources of identity among Turkish adolescents. The interview sample consisted of three male and three female high school students in Ankara, Turkey. The results indicated that social, familial, personal, physical, and moral-ethical dimensions contributed to adolescents' definitions of self, but to different degrees. Social and familial dimensions were very influential and were used as reference points for defining self in other areas. Physical and personal aspects of identity were also apparent, but were not as salient as social and familial dimensions. Patriotism and religion played a role in moral-ethical identity. Overall, self-identity influenced emotional state, cognitive and behavioral functioning, and social relations to a significant degree.
|
['Adolescent', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Psychology, Adolescent', 'Self Concept', 'Social Identification', 'Turkey']
| 10,658,861
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F04.096.628.065'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.813.708'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Multimodal management of arteriovenous malformations of the basal ganglia and thalamus: factors affecting obliteration and outcome.
|
OBJECTIVE: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the basal ganglia and thalamus are particularly difficult lesions to treat, accounting for 3%-13% of all AVMs in surgical series and 23%-44% of malformations in radiosurgery series. The goal of this study was to report the results of multimodal management of basal ganglia and thalamic AVMs and investigate the factors that influence radiographic cure and good clinical outcomes.METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of all patients treated at the authors' institution. Clinical, radiological, follow-up, and outcome data were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore the influence of various factors on outcome.RESULTS: The results and data analysis pertaining to 123 patients treated over 32 years are presented. In this cohort, radiographic cure was achieved in 50.9% of the patients. Seventy-five percent of patients had good clinical outcomes (stable or improved performance scores), whereas 25% worsened after treatment. Inclusion of surgery and radiosurgery independently predicted obliteration, whereas nidus diameter and volume predicted clinical outcomes. Nidus volume/diameter and inclusion of surgery predicted the optimal outcome, i.e., good clinical outcomes with lesion obliteration.CONCLUSIONS: Good outcomes are possible with multimodal treatment in these complex patients. Increasing size and, by extension, higher Spetzler-Martin grade are associated with worse outcomes. Inclusion of multiple modalities of treatment as indicated could improve the chances of radiographic cure and good outcomes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arteriovenous Fistula', 'Basal Ganglia', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Disease Management', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Male', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiosurgery', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thalamus', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 30,117,771
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14.240.850.750.147', 'C14.240.850.984.750', 'C14.907.150.125', 'C14.907.933.555', 'C16.131.240.850.750.125', 'C23.300.575.950.250'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['E02.186'], ['N04.590.607'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.520', 'C10.500.190.500', 'C14.240.850.750.295', 'C14.240.850.875.500', 'C14.907.150.295', 'C14.907.253.560.400', 'C16.131.240.850.750.295', 'C16.131.240.850.875.500', 'C16.131.666.190.500'], ['E04.525'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.815.530', 'E04.525.800.650', 'E05.873.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Work and life: the end of the zero-sum game.
|
Most companies view work and personal life as competing priorities in a zero-sum game, in which a gain in one area means a loss in the other. From this traditional perspective, managers decide how their employees' work and personal lives should intersect and often view work-life programs as just so much social welfare. A new breed of managers, however, is trying a new tack, one in which managers and employees collaborate to achieve work and personal objectives to everyone's benefit. These managers are guided by three principles. The first is to clearly inform their employees about business priorities and to encourage them to be just as clear about personal priorities. The second is to recognize and support their employees as whole people, not only acknowledging but also celebrating their roles outside the office. The third is to continually experiment with the way work gets done, looking for approaches that enhance the organization's performance and allow employees to pursue personal goals. The managers who are acting on these principles have discovered that conflicts between work and personal priorities can actually be catalysts for identifying inefficiencies at the workplace. For example, one manager and his staff found a way to accommodate the increased workload at their 24-hour-a-day command center while granting the staff more concentrated time off. So far, these managers have usually been applying the principles without official sanction. But as the business impact of their approach becomes better appreciated, the authors predict, more and more companies will view these leaders as heralds of change.
|
['Commerce', 'Humans', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Life Style', 'Organizational Culture', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Personnel Management', 'Quality of Life', 'United States', 'Workload']
| 10,187,242
|
[['J01.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['F01.829.458'], ['N04.452.606'], ['N04.452.610'], ['F01.145.677'], ['N04.452.677'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Voltage-dependent nitrendipine binding to cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles.
|
The binding of the calcium channel antagonist [3H]nitrendipine (3[H]Ntd) to purified bovine cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles was examined at different membrane potentials. The vesicles were loaded with 150 mM K and exposed to a range of external K concentrations to induce negative internal membrane potentials using N-methyl-D-glucamine or choline to substitute for K. The lipophilic cation [3H]tetraphenylphosphonium was used to quantitate the membrane potential, and the vesicles were capable of maintaining a relatively stable negative inside membrane potential for at least 15 min. Equilibrium binding studies of [3H]Ntd performed on vesicles maintained at a depolarized potential (0 mV) revealed 24.7 +/- 5.6% more high affinity [3H]Ntd-binding sites than were present on vesicles maintained at a hyperpolarized potential (approximately -40 to -50 mV) with N-methyl-D-glucamine substituting for K. There was no significant change in Kd values which were 0.398 +/- 0.069 and 0.388 +/- 0.032 nM, respectively. When choline was used to substitute for K, comparable results were obtained with 19.01 +/- 3.4% more high affinity [3H]Ntd-binding sites under depolarized conditions and no significant change in Kd (0.356 +/- 0.025 and 0.379 +/- 0.030 nM, respectively). Varying the external K concentration resulted in a graded change in [3H]Ntd binding over the same range of external K concentrations which resulted in the greatest change in membrane potential. These findings suggest that the observed effect was due to changes in membrane potential rather than changes in the composition of the incubation medium. Additional control experiments employing choline-loaded vesicles also support the hypothesis that the observed effect was primarily due to changes in membrane potential. The present results are compared with those from electrophysiological studies.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Heart', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Nitrendipine', 'Sarcolemma', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase']
| 3,039,342
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A07.541'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['D03.383.725.203.590'], ['A11.284.149.707'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Presence of c.3956delC mutation in familial adenomatous polyposis patients from Brazil.
|
AIM: To characterize APC gene mutations and correlate them with patient phenotypes in individuals diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) in northern Brazil.METHODS: A total of 15 individuals diagnosed with FAP from 5 different families from the north of Brazil were analyzed in this study. In addition to patients with histopathological diagnosis of FAP, family members who had not developed the disease were also tested in order to identify mutations and for possible genetic counseling. All analyzed patients or their guardians signed a consent form approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Jo?o de Barros Barreto University Hospital (Belem, Brazil). DNA extracted from the peripheral blood of a member of each of the affected families was subjected to direct sequencing. The proband of each family was sequenced to identify germline mutations using the Ion Torrent platform. To validate the detected mutations, Sanger sequencing was also performed. The samples from all patients were also tested for the identification of mutations by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using the amplification refractory mutation system.RESULTS: Through interviews with relatives and a search of medical records, it was possible to construct genograms for three of the five families included in the study. All 15 patients from the five families with FAP exhibited mutations in the APC gene, and all mutations were detected in exon 15 of the APC gene. In addition to the patients with a histological diagnosis of FAP, family members without disease symptoms showed the mutation in the APC gene. In the present study, we detected two of the three most frequent germline mutations in the literature: the mutation at codon 1309 and the mutation at codon 1061. The presence of c.3956delC mutation was found in all families from this study, and suggests that this mutation was introduced in the population of the State of Par? through ancestor immigration (i.e., a de novo mutation that arose in one member belonging to this state from Brazil).CONCLUSION: Regardless of its origin, the c.3956delC mutation is a strong candidate biomarker of this hereditary cancer syndrome in families of northern Brazil.
|
['Adenomatous Polyposis Coli', 'Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Brazil', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'Heredity', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pedigree', 'Phenotype', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Young Adult']
| 26,309,368
|
[['C04.557.470.035.215.100', 'C04.588.274.476.411.307.089', 'C04.700.100', 'C06.301.371.411.307.090', 'C06.405.249.411.307.090', 'C06.405.469.158.356.090', 'C06.405.469.491.307.090', 'C06.405.469.578.249', 'C16.320.700.100'], ['D05.500.117.249', 'D12.776.220.040', 'D12.776.476.081.249', 'D12.776.624.776.010'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101.140'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['G05.390'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Microwave-stimulated fixation for electron microscopy using a domestic microwave oven.
|
We investigated microwave-stimulated fixation of tissues for transmission electron microscopy using a domestic microwave oven operating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz with an output power of 500W. Microwave-stimulated fixation, in 4% glutaraldehyde, of fresh rat kidney, liver, heart and brain tissues was compared to conventional fixation. Human renal biopsies were similarly studied. Electron microscopy showed excellent ultrastructural preservation comparable to that obtained by conventional fixation. The optimal temperature range for microwave-stimulated fixation was found to lie between 50 degrees C and 55 degrees C. Our results indicate that microwave-stimulated fixation is a rapid and reproducible technique and can be effectively applied to routine diagnostic pathology.
|
['Animals', 'Fixatives', 'Histological Techniques', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Microwaves', 'Rats']
| 2,090,887
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.720.355'], ['E01.370.225.750', 'E05.200.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preterm delivery: correlations of fetal growth and placental pathology.
|
The present study of 466 consecutive liveborn preterm singleton deliveries included 238 cases of spontaneous preterm labor and delivery, 175 cases with premature rupture of membranes, 13 cases of nonhypertensive abruption, 18 cases of preeclampsia, and 22 cases of placenta previa. Placental infarction, chronic villitis, and decidual pathologic processes showed different associations with fetal growth, depending on the clinical circumstances. Placental infarction was associated with decreased growth in all groups except placenta previa; in cases of placenta previa, placental infarction was associated with heavier infants. Chronic villitis was related to decreased growth in spontaneous rupture of membranes and preterm labor cases but was related to increased growth in cases of preeclampsia.
|
['Birth Weight', 'Embryonic and Fetal Development', 'Female', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Obstetric Labor, Premature', 'Placenta', 'Placenta Diseases', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 1,575,840
|
[['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['G07.345.500.325', 'G08.686.784.170'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C13.703.420.491'], ['A16.710'], ['C13.703.590'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synaptic depression and neuronal loss in transiently acidic hippocampal slice cultures.
|
Acidosis is a rapid and inevitable event accompanying cerebral ischemia or trauma. We used hippocampal slice cultures to examine an immediate effect of acidosis, synaptic depression; and a delayed effect, neuronal loss. Exposure to low bicarbonate artificial cerebral spinal fluid (aCSF), pH 6.70 for 30 min at 32 degrees C, acidified intracellular pH from 7.31+/-0.12 to 6.53+/-0.08. Accompanying intracellular acidosis was a depression of synaptic responses. Both effects rapidly reversed after treatment with normal aCSF pH 7.35. Death analysis after acidosis treatment revealed no delayed neuronal loss. Increasing the duration of the acidosis to 60 min, however, induced irreversible synaptic depression and delayed neuronal loss. Increasing acidosis temperature to 37 degrees C acidified intracellular pH and depressed synaptic responses. Delayed neuronal loss was also observed. Acidosis using lactate aCSF, pH 6. 70 for 30 min at 32 degrees C acidified intracellular pH from 7. 19+/-0.13 to 6.43+/-0.07 and depressed synaptic responses. After reperfusion with lactate containing aCSF pH 7.35, intracellular pH recovered yet synaptic responses remained depressed and delayed neuronal loss was observed. This suggested that, for a 30-min treatment at 32 degrees C, lactate acidosis was neurotoxic while low bicarbonate acidosis was not. Increasing the duration or temperature of low bicarbonate acidosis induced neuronal loss. These data provide additional evidence that acidosis contributes to the neurotoxicity during stroke and trauma.
|
['Acidosis', 'Animals', 'Bicarbonates', 'Buffers', 'Cell Count', 'Culture Techniques', 'Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials', 'Hippocampus', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Lactic Acid', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 11,033,097
|
[['C18.452.076.176'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['E05.481.500'], ['G04.580.887.249', 'G07.265.675.887.249', 'G07.265.880.750.199', 'G11.561.570.918.249', 'G11.561.830.750.199'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['G02.300'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peripartum myocardial infarction associated with coronary spasm and acquired protein S deficiency: A case report.
|
RATIONALE: Coronary angiography (CAG) findings of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in pregnant women are characterized by a high incidence of normal coronary arteries. This is the first report of AMI with normal coronary arteries during pregnancy, showing coronary spasm and pregnancy-related acquired protein S (PS) deficiency.PATIENT CONCERNS: A 30-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to an emergency department. One hour before admission, she developed sudden onset of precordial discomfort, back pain, and dyspnea. She was a primigravida at 39 weeks' gestation and had no abnormality in the pregnancy thus far. She had no history of heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), smoking, or oral contraceptive use and no family history of ischemic heart disease, hemostasis disorder, or DVT. She did not take any medication.DIAGNOSIS: Electrocardiography showed ST-segment elevations in leads II, III, aVF, and V2-V6. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein was positive. Echocardiography showed hypokinesis of the anterior interventricular septum and inferior wall. Continuous intravenous infusion of isosorbide dinitrate was initiated. Coronary computed tomography angiography revealed diffuse narrowing of the apical segment of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Three hours after admission, troponin T became positive, and the following enzymes reached their peak levels: creatine kinase (CK), 1,886 U/L; CK-muscle/brain, 130 U/L. She was diagnosed with transmural AMI due to severe coronary spasm and administered benidipine hydrochloride. Five hours after admission, premature membrane rupture occurred.INTERVENTIONS: Emergency cesarean section was performed. There were no anesthetic or obstetrical complications during the operation. On postpartum day 1, the free PS antigen level was low (29%). On postpartum day 18, she was discharged with no reduction in physical performance.OUTCOMES: Four months after the infarction, CAG showed normal coronary arteries. Acetylcholine provocation test showed diffuse vasospasm in the coronary artery. She was advised that her next pregnancy should be carefully planned. Two years after delivery, free PS antigen level was within normal range, at 86%. She had not experienced recurrence of angina during the 2-year period. Her child was also developing normally.LESSONS: In addition to coronary spasm, pregnancy-related acquired PS deficiency may be involved in AMI etiology.
|
['Adult', 'Coronary Vasospasm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Peripartum Period', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic', 'Protein S Deficiency']
| 31,770,234
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.647.250.295', 'C14.907.585.250.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['G08.686.701'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.667', 'C15.378.785'], ['C15.378.100.800', 'C15.378.147.890', 'C15.378.925.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Simultaneous confidence intervals for comparing biodiversity indices estimated from overdispersed count data.
|
Diversity indices might be used to assess the impact of treatments on the relative abundance patterns in species communities. When several treatments are to be compared, simultaneous confidence intervals for the differences of diversity indices between treatments may be used. The simultaneous confidence interval methods described until now are either constructed or validated under the assumption of the multinomial distribution for the abundance counts. Motivated by four example data sets with background in agricultural and marine ecology, we focus on the situation when available replications show that the count data exhibit extra-multinomial variability. Based on simulated overdispersed count data, we compare previously proposed methods assuming multinomial distribution, a method assuming normal distribution for the replicated observations of the diversity indices and three different bootstrap methods to construct simultaneous confidence intervals for multiple differences of Simpson and Shannon diversity indices. The focus of the simulation study is on comparisons to a control group. The severe failure of asymptotic multinomial methods in overdispersed settings is illustrated. Among the bootstrap methods, the widely known Westfall-Young method performs best for the Simpson index, while for the Shannon index, two methods based on stratified bootstrap and summed count data are preferable. The methods application is illustrated for an example.
|
['Animals', 'Biodiversity', 'Biometry', 'Time Factors']
| 23,401,312
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pediatric urethral catheter consultations: understanding driving factors.
|
PURPOSE: Pediatric urethral catheterization is often straightforward. However, it can be challenging and may require urological consultation. Possible critical factors are patient anatomy and comorbidities, and insertion technique. To better understand pediatric catheter consultations, we reviewed our experience.MATERIALS AND METHODS: All pediatric catheter consultations between July 2009 and June 2012 were identified. A retrospective review was then performed, focusing on demographics, reasons for consultation and difficulty of catheter placement. The 4 categories of difficulty noted were easy, challenging, extremely difficult and could not be placed. Patients were excluded from analysis if catheter placement was not needed, the consultation was for a catheterizable stoma or they were status post urological surgery. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate associations between patient factors and difficulty of placement.RESULTS: A total of 93 consultations were identified, of which 57% were inpatient, 28% intraoperative and 15% other source. Of the inpatient consultations 75% were from an intensive care unit, the majority (80%) of which were for catheter placement, with the remainder for removal, nondraining catheter, trauma or other. After exclusions 65 patients remained, of whom 80% were male and 32% had a urological comorbidity. By difficulty level 69.2% of cases were easy, 15.4% were challenging, 9.2% were extremely difficult and 6.2% could not be placed. Location of consult, gender, urological comorbidity and history of prematurity were not significantly associated with difficult catheter placement.CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric catheter consultations are largely straightforward. Comorbidities do not significantly impact catheter placement. Correct catheter technique may be more important than patient comorbidities, giving us a basis to shape catheter insertion training within pediatric hospitals.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urinary Catheters', 'Young Adult']
| 24,231,838
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['E07.132.625'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of extreme natural events on the provision of ecosystem services in a mountain environment: The importance of trail design in delivering system resilience and ecosystem service co-benefits.
|
A continued supply of ecosystem services (ES) from a system depends on the resilience of that system to withstand shocks and perturbations. In many parts of the world, climate change is leading to an increased frequency of extreme weather events, potentially influencing ES provision. Our study of the effects of an intense rainfall event in Gorce National Park, Poland, shows: (1) the intense rainfall event impacted heavily on the supply of ES by limiting potential recreation opportunities and reducing erosion prevention; (2) these negative impacts were not only restricted to the period of the extreme event but persisted for up to several years, depending on the pre-event trail conditions and post-event management activities; (3) to restore the pre-event supply of ES, economic investments were required in the form of active repairs to trails, which, in Gorce National Park, were an order of magnitude higher than the costs of normal trail maintenance; and (4) when recreational trails were left to natural restoration, loss of biodiversity was observed, and recovery rates of ES (recreation opportunities and soil erosion prevention) were reduced in comparison to their pre-event state. We conclude that proper trail design and construction provides a good solution to avoid some of the negative impacts of extreme events on recreation, as well as offering co-benefits in terms of protecting biodiversity and enhancing the supply of regulating services such as erosion prevention.
|
['Altitude', 'Biodiversity', 'Climate Change', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Ecosystem', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Parks, Recreational', 'Poland', 'Rain', 'Recreation']
| 26,496,846
|
[['G16.500.275.058', 'N06.230.058'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['G16.500.175.374'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['E05.599'], ['J03.925.680'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['G16.500.175.859', 'G16.500.275.063.725.395', 'G16.500.750.775.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.450', 'N06.230.520'], ['I03.450.642']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Intuitive statistics by 8-month-old infants.
|
Human learners make inductive inferences based on small amounts of data: we generalize from samples to populations and vice versa. The academic discipline of statistics formalizes these intuitive statistical inferences. What is the origin of this ability? We report six experiments investigating whether 8-month-old infants are "intuitive statisticians." Our results showed that, given a sample, the infants were able to make inferences about the population from which the sample had been drawn. Conversely, given information about the entire population of relatively small size, the infants were able to make predictions about the sample. Our findings provide evidence that infants possess a powerful mechanism for inductive learning, either using heuristics or basic principles of probability. This ability to make inferences based on samples or information about the population develops early and in the absence of schooling or explicit teaching. Human infants may be rational learners from very early in development.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Intuition', 'Learning', 'Logic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sample Size']
| 18,378,901
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F02.463.188.675'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['K01.752.448'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.762', 'E05.581.500.902', 'N05.715.360.325.692', 'N06.850.520.445.762']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma with a prolonged erythrodermic prodrome.
|
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a high grade non-Hodgkins lymphoma recognized by the expression of the CD30 marker and by its morphology. We report a patient with a 6-year history of a non-specific erythroderma in whom ALCL developed with rapid and fatal dissemination to the lymph nodes and internal organs.
|
['Aged', 'Dermatitis, Exfoliative', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'Skin', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 1,532,505
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C17.800.174.318', 'C17.800.815.318'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['A17.815'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
á-Lipoic acid treatment prevents cystine urolithiasis in a mouse model of cystinuria.
|
Cystinuria is an incompletely dominant disorder characterized by defective urinary cystine reabsorption that results in the formation of cystine-based urinary stones. Current treatment options are limited in their effectiveness at preventing stone recurrence and are often poorly tolerated. We report that the nutritional supplement á-lipoic acid inhibits cystine stone formation in the Slc3a1-/- mouse model of cystinuria by increasing the solubility of urinary cystine. These findings identify a novel therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of cystinuria.
|
['Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic', 'Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral', 'Animals', 'Cystine', 'Cystinuria', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Kidney', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Solubility', 'Thioctic Acid', 'Urolithiasis', 'X-Ray Microtomography']
| 28,165,480
|
[['D12.776.157.530.200.374', 'D12.776.543.585.200.374'], ['D12.776.157.530.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.200.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390.369', 'D01.875.350.850.150.369', 'D02.886.030.230.369', 'D02.886.520.150.087', 'D12.125.095.369', 'D12.125.119.369', 'D12.125.166.230.369'], ['C12.777.419.815.885.250', 'C13.351.968.419.815.885.250', 'C16.320.831.885.250'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G02.805'], ['D02.241.803', 'D02.886.778.827', 'D08.211.906', 'D10.251.941'], ['C12.777.967', 'C13.351.968.967'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.900', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors governing the course of emboli in the therapeutic embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations.
|
Many factors are involved in the therapeutic intra-arterial management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) by embolization. If these factors could be better defined, the suitability of patients for embolization could be more accurately predicted. In 59 embolization procedures, the diameters of feeding arteries of AVMs were analyzed, and a critical diameter found below which emboli are likely to stray into normal vessels and above which embolization can be carried out with a greater chance of success. Neurologic complications occurred on 20 occasions, but most were temporary; in only 1 of 34 patients did a permanent incapacitating complication occur.
|
['Adult', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Middle Aged', 'Vertebral Artery']
| 424,572
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peroxidase-mediated glutathione conjugation of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol is enhanced by benzo[a]pyrene phenols in vitro.
|
We reported previously that glutathione (GSH) is oxidized by peroxidases to a thiyl radical that can react with a number of chemicals, including the penultimate carcinogenic metabolite benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol (7,8-B[a]PD), to give GSH conjugates. Here, we report that phenolic metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) enhance the peroxidase-mediated formation of glutathione conjugates of 7,8-B[a]PD. The GSH conjugation of 7,8-B[a]PD in a horseradish peroxidase/peroxide system was increased over control values as follows: 9-OH-B[a]P by 4-fold, 7-OH-B[a]P by 3-fold, 1-OH-B[a]P by 2-fold. In contrast 3-OH-B[a]P was ineffective. A phenolic derivative of another polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), benz[a]anthracene, also enhanced GSH conjugation of 7,8-B[a]PD. The enhancement was dependent upon the presence of the phenol, horseradish peroxidase and peroxide. The phenolic compounds, including 3-OH-B[a]P, were also efficient reducing cofactors for the peroxidase. With the exception of 3-OH-B[a]P, the phenolic metabolites of PAH enhanced peroxidase-mediated formation of thiyl radical as detected by electron spin resonance spectrometry. Since both phenols and dihydrodiols are metabolites of B[a]P catalyzed by the cytochromes P450 system, enhancement of peroxidase-dependent 7,8-B[a]PD-GSH conjugation by phenols suggests a possible interaction between peroxidases and cytochromes P450 systems. This interaction may contribute to the detoxication of the penultimate carcinogenic PAH-dihydrodiols and other chemicals.
|
['Benzo(a)pyrene', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Dihydroxydihydrobenzopyrenes', 'Free Radicals', 'Glutathione', 'Peroxidases', 'Phenols']
| 1,576,701
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.799.306.300', 'D04.615.799.306.300'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.799.306.400', 'D04.615.799.306.400'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D08.811.682.732'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Occurrence of a DNA sequence of a non-retro RNA virus in a host plant genome and its expression: evidence for recombination between viral and host RNAs.
|
This study demonstrates that sequences homologous to those of the non-retro RNA virus (Potato virus Y; PVY) are integrated into the genome of several grapevine varieties. The integrated PVY-coat-protein-like cistron is expressed in the grapevine as indicated by Southern and Western blot analyses as well as by RNase protection assay. In addition, genome-walking studies showed that one PVY-like sequence is flanked by 41-bp direct repeats and is embedded in authentic grapevine sequences, flanked by inverted repeats. Rearranged PVY-like sequences were also found in tobacco. It is suggested that nonhomologous recombination of a potyviral RNA with RNA of a retrotransposable element took place at some point in evolution. The initial integration locus was probably within a grapevine gene homologous to a pentatricopeptide repeat-carrying protein, and was later transposed to other locations. The current location is reminiscent of a MITE-type retroelement, indicating transposition history. Because grapevine cultivars are propagated asexually, without going through a meiotic phase, the chance for DNA recombination is minimal and the foreign integrated sequence may be better conserved, enabling it to be expressed correctly in the recipient genome.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Viral', 'Genome, Plant', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plants', 'Potyvirus', 'RNA, Plant', 'RNA, Viral', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Vitis']
| 15,680,426
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.650'], ['B04.715.464.600', 'B04.715.635.600', 'B04.820.578.782.600'], ['D13.444.735.635'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G05.728'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.965.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Blue cone monochromatism.
|
Blue cone monochromatism (BCM) is a subtype of achromatopsia in which the blue cone mechanism predominates. Each of the four patients in this study had BCM proven by their having peak spectral sensitivities in the blue region of the visible spectrum (near 440 nm). Clinically, the diagnosis was suspected because of x-linked inheritance, the presence of acuities better than 20/200 in two patients and myopia ranging from -1.75 to -15.00 diopters in three patients. Congenital nystagmus was the presenting sign in three of the four patients. Examination of the fundi was uniformly normal. The distinctive spectral properties of BCM were demonstrated by the American Optical H-R-R and the Panel D-15 tests. All affected patients correctly identified three of the four blue-yellow plates and a variable number of the red-green plates in the American Optical H-R-R test. The study patients consistently made errors oriented along the protan and deutan axes but they made none along the tritan axis. The authors conclude that the results of these two color discrimination tests are useful in diagnosing BCM.
|
['Child', 'Color Perception Tests', 'Electroretinography', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nystagmus, Pathologic', 'Pedigree', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Photoreceptor Cells', 'Retinal Diseases', 'Vision Tests', 'Visual Acuity']
| 2,795,409
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.380.850.150'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.292.562.675', 'C11.590.400'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.723.729'], ['A08.675.650.850.625', 'A08.675.650.915.937', 'A08.800.950.937', 'A09.371.729.831.625', 'A11.671.650.850.625', 'A11.671.650.915.937'], ['C11.768'], ['E01.370.380.850'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Recognizing biological motion and emotions from point-light displays in autism spectrum disorders.
|
One of the main characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are problems with social interaction and communication. Here, we explored ASD-related alterations in 'reading' body language of other humans. Accuracy and reaction times were assessed from two observational tasks involving the recognition of 'biological motion' and 'emotions' from point-light displays (PLDs). Eye movements were recorded during the completion of the tests. Results indicated that typically developed-participants were more accurate than ASD-subjects in recognizing biological motion or emotions from PLDs. No accuracy differences were revealed on two control-tasks (involving the indication of color-changes in the moving point-lights). Group differences in reaction times existed on all tasks, but effect sizes were higher for the biological and emotion recognition tasks. Biological motion recognition abilities were related to a person's ability to recognize emotions from PLDs. However, ASD-related atypicalities in emotion recognition could not entirely be attributed to more basic deficits in biological motion recognition, suggesting an additional ASD-specific deficit in recognizing the emotional dimension of the point light displays. Eye movements were assessed during the completion of tasks and results indicated that ASD-participants generally produced more saccades and shorter fixation-durations compared to the control-group. However, especially for emotion recognition, these altered eye movements were associated with reductions in task-performance.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Child Development Disorders, Pervasive', 'Emotions', 'Eye Movements', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Male', 'Motion']
| 22,970,227
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.164'], ['F01.470'], ['G11.427.410.140', 'G14.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['G01.482']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Experience with the Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation (ABBI) system.
|
BACKGROUND: The Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation (ABBI) System is designed to excise nonpalpable breast lesions under stereotactic control. We report our experience with special regard to the histological evaluation of margins.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Breast biopsies using the ABBI system were performed on 101 patients with microcalcifications. In histologically-proven breast cancer, a re-excision was performed.RESULTS: Malignant lesions were found in thirteen patients (3 CLIS, 5 DCIS, 5 invasive ductal carcinoma). The margins were positive in two specimens with DCIS. In subsequent lumpectomies one patient with invasive cancer had residual intraductal cancer. All the patients with DCIS had residual cancer, even those with negative margins of the ABBI-specimen. Only minor complications were observed with the ABBI procedure.CONCLUSION: The ABBI system is a safe, minimally invasive stereotactic breast biopsy technique. It saves open biopsies in atypical hyperplasia and CLIS. In cases of DCIS or invasive cancer re-excision is inevitable.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biopsy', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Carcinoma, Lobular', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Stereotaxic Techniques']
| 12,530,044
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.240'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.305', 'C04.557.470.615.305', 'C04.588.180.437', 'C17.800.090.500.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525.800', 'E05.873']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Methodology of the biological risk classification of animal pathogens in Belgium.
|
Since many micro-organisms are a biological hazard, they have been categorised into risk groups by many countries and organisations and classification lists have been developed. Current classification systems rely on criteria defined by the World Health Organization, which cover the severity of the disease the micro-organism might cause, its ability to spread and the availability of prophylaxis or efficient treatment. Animal pathogens are classified according to the definitions of the World Organisation for Animal Health, which also consider economic aspects of disease. In Europe, classification is often directly linked to containment measures. The Belgian classification system, however, only considers the inherent characteristics of the micro-organism, not its use, making the risk classification independent of containment measures. A common classification list for human and animal pathogens has been developed in Belgium using as comprehensive an approach as possible. The evolution of scientific knowledge will demand regular updating of classification lists. This paper describes the Belgian risk classification system and the methodology that was used for its peer-reviewed revision (with a focus on animal pathogens).
|
['Animal Diseases', 'Animals', 'Bacteria', 'Belgium', 'Communicable Diseases', 'Fungi', 'Humans', 'Parasites', 'Risk Assessment', 'Viruses']
| 21,309,451
|
[['C22'], ['B01.050'], ['B03'], ['Z01.542.115'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['B01.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.500.714'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['B04']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Availability of services for women in outpatient substance abuse treatment: 1995-2000.
|
Women entering substance abuse treatment have more severe substance abuse problems and more medical and psychiatric comorbidities than men. Research shows that specialized women's services are associated with better retention and outcomes but relatively little is known about their availability nationwide. This study examined the adoption and implementation of reproductive and female-sensitive social services in a national sample of outpatient substance abuse treatment (OSAT) organizations in 1995 (N = 617) and 2000 (N = 571) by several organizational factors. Overall, reproductive and social services for women have not been widely adopted, although some services did increase over the study period, particularly social services. There was no evidence of large-scale decreases in service availability over the study period, although child care did decline. Nonprofit and public ownership (relative to for-profit) were associated with greater service provision. Managed care units had greater service adoption compared to nonmanaged care units, and this increased over time. Public units and hospital-affiliated units had greater service implementation than other units. However, OSAT units did not always implement the services they adopted, suggesting access to some services may be restricted.
|
['Ambulatory Care', 'Female', 'Health Services Research', 'Humans', 'Reproductive Medicine', 'Social Work', 'Substance Abuse Treatment Centers', 'United States']
| 16,636,905
|
[['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.763'], ['I01.880.792', 'N02.421.849'], ['N02.278.035.128.800', 'N02.278.808.930'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Rhinoplasty with advancing age. Characteristics and management.
|
The aging nose presents several unique challenges to diagnosis and management. Although classically it presents as a drooping nasal tip secondary to loss of tip support with a relative dorsal hump, there are associated changes in the nasal skin, bony architecture, and airway that mandate consideration. Methods of correction emphasize restoration of tip support with nondestructive suture techniques. Use of osteotomies is minimized. Airway patency is improved or maintained by restoring the internal nasal valve, often with dorsal spreader grafts. Finally, special consideration is given to the patients' unique expectations and motivation. Rhinoplasty in the patient with advancing age is a rewarding operative procedure if one follows the guidelines delineated here to optimize the functional and aesthetic results.
|
['Aged', 'Aging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasal Bone', 'Nasal Cavity', 'Nose', 'Rhinoplasty']
| 8,726,428
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.665', 'A04.531.378'], ['A04.531.449'], ['A01.456.505.733', 'A04.531', 'A09.531'], ['E02.218.755', 'E04.580.392.500', 'E04.680.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Interference of clindamycin in skin infection in rabbits caused by suture threads infected with slime-producing S. epidermidis].
|
The authors have carried out an experimental study to evaluate the interference of sub-inhibitory concentrations of clindamycin on the adherence of slime producing S. epidermidis to surgical nets and its ability to infect rabbits. 80 rabbits divided into 4 groups, (A, B, C, and D), underwent sham operation of the abdominal zone and were sewn up with sterile nets, infected nets and sub MIC of clindamycin equal to 1/8 MIC, respectively. The results obtained stressed a different survival rate 12 days after operation: 95% in group A, 35% in group B; 100% in group C and 95% in group D. This data were confirmed by the results obtained using MES (Cambridge Stereosecan 150 KM2). From our research an excellent clindamycin inhibitory activity on the pathogenicity of slime producing staphylococci emerged.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Clindamycin', 'Rabbits', 'Skin Diseases, Infectious', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis', 'Sutures']
| 2,282,280
|
[['B01.050'], ['G06.099.050'], ['D03.383.773.532.500.125', 'D09.408.471.500.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['C01.800', 'C17.800.838'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343'], ['E07.858.690.820']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A longitudinal study of circulating progesterone, oestradiol, hCG and hPL during pregnancy in type 1 diabetic mothers.
|
Serum progesterone, oestradiol, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and human placental lactogen (hPL) were determined serially throughout 27 pregnancies in insulin-dependent diabetic patients from Newcastle (UK), 15 such patients from Stockholm (Sweden) and in 69 normal women having uncomplicated pregnancies. Mean progesterone, oestradiol and hCG concentrations were somewhat higher in the diabetic women during the third trimester but hPL values were not different from normal. The increased hormone concentrations did not relate to the increased birthweights or placental weights in the diabetic women. It is suggested that the usual physiological endocrine changes during normal pregnancy are relatively undisturbed by insulin-dependent diabetes or the degree of diabetes control achieved.
|
['Adult', 'Birth Weight', 'Blood Glucose', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Organ Size', 'Placenta', 'Placental Lactogen', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy in Diabetics', 'Progesterone', 'Time Factors']
| 2,751,954
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A16.710'], ['D06.472.699.649.692', 'D12.644.548.726.692', 'D12.776.780.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.726'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibin A production after gonadotropin stimulus: a new method to detect ovarian tissue in ovotesticular disorder of sex development.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: While laboratory methods for the detection of testicular tissue are well standardized, currently there is no available test to demonstrate the presence of ovarian tissue. We evaluated the effectiveness of gonadal stimulation with luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for the detection of ovarian tissue in patients with disorders of sex development (DSD).METHODS: Ten patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) as ovarian-positive controls, 10 with cryptorchidism (ovarian-negative controls), 13 patients with DSD of no defined etiology and 7 patients with ovotesticular DSD (true hermaphroditism, TH) were included in the study. They underwent a daily injection of both LH and FSH on 3 consecutive days. LH, FSH, estradiol, testosterone and inhibin A were measured before treatment, 24 h after the 1st dose and 24 h after the 3rd dose.RESULTS: Estradiol increased in all CAH and TH patients, with a median value of 155.1 and 92.6 pg/ml, respectively, after the 3rd injection. Inhibin A also increased in all CAH and TH patients, with a median value of 70.4 and 32.2 pg/ml, respectively, after the 3rd injection. There was no change in these hormones in the other groups.CONCLUSION: The LH/FSH stimulation test might be a useful method to detect the presence of ovarian tissue.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Disorders of Sex Development', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Inhibins', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Ovary']
| 19,129,714
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C12.706.316', 'C13.351.875.253', 'C16.131.939.316', 'C19.391.119'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D06.472.334.968', 'D06.472.699.337', 'D12.644.548.387', 'D12.776.395.439'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Coercive procedures and facilities in Swiss psychiatry.
|
BACKGROUND: Coercive measures in psychiatry,although in many cases effective in violence management and injury reduction, have been criticised from a consumerist point of view.METHOD: A questionnaire regarding coercive facilities and procedures was dispatched to the charge nurses of 86 acute psychiatric admission wards in German speaking Switzerland covering a catchment area of 75% of the Swiss population.RESULTS: 95% of all wards responded rendering the survey representative. The majority of wards have seclusion rooms and 55% of charge nurses perceive seclusion facilities as adequate. Two to twenty staff members are involved in overwhelming dangerous patients and some discontent is expressed at the haphazard fashion in which such events occur. Almost 70% of the wards use a form for reporting, 42 % of wards keep statistics on violent incidents and 17% of wards have access to these data. Of all wards 84% register injections against patients' will, 83% seclusion, and 78% mechanical restraint and a minority of wards register the coercive administration of oral medication, forced nutrition, threats of coercive measures in case of pharmacological non-compliance.DISCUSSION: Isolation, the coercive administration of medicine and restraint techniques are sensitive forms of treatment. Deficits reported by the charge nurses point to the need for enhanced facilities and improved forms of coercion management such as training in the use of mechanical restraints and the overwhelming of dangerous patients.CONCLUSION: The data show considerable differences in the facilities, the use, and the recording of coercive measures in the area under scrutiny.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Psychiatric', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Restraint, Physical', 'Risk Management', 'Switzerland', 'Violence']
| 12,148,079
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N02.278.421.556.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.085.700', 'E05.472.760'], ['N03.219.463.800', 'N04.452.871'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Immunization of rhesus macaques with a polyvalent DNA prime/protein boost human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vaccine elicits protective antibody response against simian human immunodeficiency virus of R5 phenotype.
|
The immunogenicity of a poylvalent HIV-1 vaccine comprised of Env antigens from primary R5 isolates was evaluated in rhesus macaques. DNA vaccines encoding four Env antigens from multiple HIV-1 subtypes and HIV-1 Gag antigen from a single subtype elicited a persistent level of binding antibodies to gp120 from multiple HIV-1 isolates that were markedly enhanced following boosting with homologous gp120 proteins in QS-21 adjuvant irrespective of the route of DNA immunization. These sera neutralized homologous and, to a lesser degree, heterologous HIV-1 isolates. Four of the six immunized animals were completely protected following rectal challenge with a SHIV encoding Env from HIV-1(Ba-L), whereas the virus load was reduced in the remaining animals compared to na?ve controls. Hence priming with DNA encoding Env antigens from multiple HIV-1 clades followed by boosting with homologous Env proteins elicits anti-HIV-1 immune responses capable of protecting macaques against mucosal transmission of R5 tropic SHIV isolate.
|
['AIDS Vaccines', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Gene Products, gag', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunization Schedule', 'Immunization, Secondary', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Neutralization Tests', 'Phenotype', 'Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Simian Immunodeficiency Virus', 'Vaccines, DNA', 'Vaccines, Subunit']
| 16,460,776
|
[['D20.215.894.899.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['D12.776.775.330', 'D12.776.964.775.350', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.350'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.470', 'E05.478.550.545'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.485', 'E05.478.550.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.550', 'E05.200.812.735.550', 'E05.478.594.760.550'], ['G05.695'], ['C01.925.782.815.616.850', 'C01.925.839.850', 'C22.735.500.850'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.800', 'B04.820.650.805.700'], ['D12.776.828.868.910', 'D20.215.894.865.910', 'D23.050.865.910'], ['D20.215.894.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Push enteroscopic cauterization: long-term follow-up of 83 patients with bleeding small intestinal angiodysplasia.
|
BACKGROUND: This study assessed the long-term effectiveness of push enteroscopic cauterization of bleeding intestinal angiodysplasia.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical course of patients who underwent push and sonde enteroscopy for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and were diagnosed with intestinal angiodysplasias.RESULTS: One hundred twelve patients bleeding from small intestinal angiodysplasias were identified. After excluding those lost to follow-up (29), data were collected from 83 patients. Fifty-five patients (29 men; mean age, 73 years; mean units of packed red blood cells transfused, 21.4; average bleeding history, 22 months) were cauterized. Twenty-eight patients (12 men; mean age, 71; mean units of packed red blood cells transfused, 15.8; average bleeding history, 22 months) were not cauterized. The noncauterized group (follow-up, 26 +/- 14 months; mean +/- SD) continued to bleed, requiring 2.16 +/- 3.86 units of packed red blood cells transfused per month (units/month) before and 0.97 +/- 1.46 units/month after diagnosis (NS). The cauterized group (follow-up, 30 +/- 18 months) significantly improved, requiring 2.40 +/- 2.97 units/month before treatment and 0.32 +/- 0.91 units/month after cauterization (p < 0.0001, paired t test).CONCLUSION: Cauterization of endoscopically accessible small intestinal angiodysplasias may decrease rebleeding.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiodysplasia', 'Cautery', 'Endoscopy, Digestive System', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Jejunal Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 8,781,937
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.907.075'], ['E02.154', 'E04.014.170'], ['E01.370.372.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250', 'E04.210.240', 'E04.502.250.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bone fragment union and remodeling after arthroscopic bony bankart repair for traumatic anterior shoulder instability with a glenoid defect: influence on postoperative recurrence of instability.
|
BACKGROUND: Although good clinical outcomes have been reported after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair, the extent of bone union is still unclear.PURPOSE: To investigate bone union after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair and its influence on postoperative recurrence of instability.STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.METHODS: Among 113 consecutive shoulders that underwent arthroscopic bony Bankart repair, postoperative evaluation of bone union by computed tomography (CT) was performed at various times in 81 shoulders. Bone union was investigated during 3 periods: 3 to 6 months postoperatively (first period), 7 to 12 months postoperatively (second period), and 13 months or more postoperatively (third period). The influence of the size of the preoperative glenoid defect and the size of the bone fragment on bone union was investigated, as well as the influence of bone union on postoperative recurrence of instability. In shoulders with bone union, bone fragment remodeling and changes in the glenoid defect size were also investigated.RESULTS: The bone union rate was 30.5% in the first period, 55.3% in the second period, and 84.6% in the third period. Among 53 shoulders with CT evaluation in the second period or later and follow-up for a minimum of 1 year, there was complete union in 33 shoulders (62.3%), partial union in 3 (5.7%), nonunion in 8 (15.1%), and no fragment on CT in 9 (17.0%). The complete union rate was 50% for 22 shoulders with small bone fragments (<5% of the glenoid diameter), 56.3% for 16 shoulders with medium fragments (5%-10%), and 86.7% for 15 shoulders with large fragments (>10%). The recurrence rate for postoperative instability was only 6.1% for shoulders with complete union, while it was 50% for shoulders with partial union, nonunion, no fragment, and no fragment on CT. The recurrence rate was significantly higher (36.4%) in shoulders with small fragments, but it was significantly lower in shoulders with bone union. In shoulders with bone union, the bone fragment frequently became larger over time, while the size of the glenoid defect decreased significantly from 18.6% preoperatively to 4.7% postoperatively.CONCLUSION: Bone union was not always achieved after arthroscopic bony Bankart repair, and union was often delayed. Recurrence of instability was significantly more frequent when bone union failed. The size of the glenoid defect decreased significantly in shoulders with bone union.
|
['Arthroplasty', 'Arthroscopy', 'Bone Diseases', 'Bone Remodeling', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Glenoid Cavity', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Recurrence', 'Scapula', 'Shoulder Dislocation', 'Shoulder Joint', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing']
| 25,748,472
|
[['E04.555.110', 'E04.680.101'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['C05.116'], ['G11.427.213', 'G16.762.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['A02.835.232.087.783.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['A02.835.232.087.783'], ['C05.550.518.750', 'C26.289.750', 'C26.803.125'], ['A02.835.583.748'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Development, validation and application of an ultra high performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of five different classes of veterinary antibiotics in swine manure.
|
In this study, a fast, simple and selective ultra high performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of colistin, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim, doxycycline, oxytetracycline and ceftiofur and for the detection of tylosin A in swine manure was developed and validated. First, a simple extraction procedure with acetonitrile and 6% trichloroacetic acid was carried out. Second, the supernatant was evaporated and the pellet was reconstituted in 1 ml of water/acetonitrile (80/20) and 0.1% formic acid. Extracts were filtered and analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS on a Kinetex C18 column using gradient elution. The method developed was validated according to the criteria of Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Recovery percentages varied between 94% and 106%, repeatability percentages were within the range of 1.7-9.2% and the intralaboratory reproducibility varied between 2.8% and 9.3% for all compounds, except for tylosin A for which more variation was observed resulting in a higher measurement uncertainty. The limit of detection and limit of quantification varied between 1.1 and 20.2 and between 3.5 and 67.3 ìg/kg, respectively. This method was used to determine the presence and concentration of the seven antibiotic residues in swine manure sampled from ten different manure pits on farms where the selected antibiotics were used. A link was found between the antibiotics used and detected, except for ceftiofur which is injected at low doses and degraded readily in swine manure and was therefore not recovered in any of the samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method available for the simultaneous extraction and quantification of colistin with other antibiotic classes. Additionally, colistin was never extracted from swine manure before. Another innovative aspect of this method is the simultaneous detection and quantification of five different classes of antibiotic residues in swine manure.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Chemistry Techniques, Analytical', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Manure', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Swine', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 26,739,912
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.196'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D20.601'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of a CD40-dominant inhibitory receptor mutant.
|
CD40 is an important mediator of immune and inflammatory responses. It is a costimulatory molecule for B cell proliferation and survival. Blockade of CD40 has been shown to induce tolerance and its role in other pathogenic conditions has led to the proposal that CD40 inhibition could be valuable therapeutically. As a first step to this end, we have characterized a CD40-dominant negative receptor. This inhibitory mutant lacks the identified CD40 signaling domains. It inhibits both cotransfected and endogenous CD40 activation of NF-kappaB. This mutant is specific, as it does not affect TNF or latent membrane protein 1 signaling. Its potential usefulness is illustrated by its ability to inhibit the CD40 ligand-stimulated increases of HLA and CD54 expression, molecules involved in Ag recognition and lymphocyte recruitment leading to organ rejection. The inhibitory mutant has no TNFR-associated factor 2-binding capabilities and inhibits the recruitment of TNFR-associated factor 2 to the CD40 signaling complex after stimulation. These studies show that the CD40 inhibitory receptor molecule is effective, specific, and useful both for research and potentially as a clinical tool. And furthermore, it is likely that similar dominant inhibitory receptors can be generated for all of the members of the TNFR superfamily.
|
['Binding Sites', 'CD40 Antigens', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Jurkat Cells', 'NF-kappa B', 'Proteins', 'Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 11,714,804
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.465.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.097', 'D23.050.301.264.051.140', 'D23.101.100.150.140'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.500.750', 'D12.776.157.057.500.750', 'D12.776.476.024.500.750'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antidepressant-like effects of standardized gypenosides: involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in hippocampus.
|
RATIONALE: Gypenosides have been reported to produce neuroprotective effects and increase monoamine neurotransmitter levels in the brain.OBJECTIVE: Considering that depression is involved in monoamine reduction, this study evaluated the antidepressant-like effects of gypenosides in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).METHODS: The sucrose preference test and forced swimming test were performed after administration of gypenosides (at 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream targets were analyzed by western blot. Additionally, hippocampal neuronal proliferation was measured by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Four-week treatment with fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) and gypenosides (at either 50 or 100 mg/kg) increased sucrose preference and decreased the immobility time in mice exposed to CUMS. In addition, gypenosides (at either 50 or 100 mg/kg) also increased BDNF expression and neuronal proliferation in the hippocampus of CUMS animals. Further, we showed that treating CUMS mice with K252a, which is an inhibitor of the BDNF receptor TrkB, blocked the effects of gypenosides (100 mg/kg), including behavioral improvements, neuronal proliferation, and up-regulation of p-TrkB, p-ERK, and p-Akt proteins.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that gypenosides exhibit antidepressant-like effects in mice, which may be mediated by activation of the BDNF-ERK/Akt signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
|
['Animals', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Carbazoles', 'Depression', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases', 'Fluoxetine', 'Gynostemma', 'Hippocampus', 'Indole Alkaloids', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Phosphorylation', 'Plant Extracts', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Receptor, trkB', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Sucrose', 'Sweetening Agents', 'Swimming', 'Up-Regulation']
| 27,385,417
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['D03.633.100.473.144', 'D03.633.300.148'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249', 'D12.644.360.450.169', 'D12.776.476.450.169'], ['D02.092.831.280'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300.444'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['D03.132.436', 'D03.633.100.473.402', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.700', 'D12.776.543.750.630.498', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.550.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770'], ['D27.720.372.300.353.609', 'G07.203.300.514.500.400.700', 'J02.500.514.500.400.700'], ['G11.427.410.568.800', 'G11.427.410.698.277.875', 'I03.350.875', 'I03.450.642.845.945.500'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Source of truth: where is it in your documentation?
|
In summary, a variety of documentation sources may affect reporting accuracy as well as bedside efficiency. the successful process to streamline documentation at HealthEast requires clinicians from the bedside, informatics staff, and the quality office to ensure an efficient and thoughtful implementation. As hospitals begin to address the HITECH guidelines for electronic reporting, current documentation infrastructure may provide opportunity for process improvement. Where is your source of truth?
|
['Documentation', 'Medical Records Systems, Computerized', 'Nursing Records', 'United States']
| 22,036,899
|
[['L01.453.245'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625', 'L01.313.500.750.300.695', 'N04.452.859.564.650', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625'], ['E05.318.308.940.984', 'L01.399.250.900.984', 'N04.452.859.675', 'N05.715.360.300.715.550', 'N06.850.520.308.940.984'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Localization of a second SigH promoter in the Bacillus subtilis sigA operon and regulation of dnaE expression by the promoter.
|
The presence of a second SigH promoter in the sigA operon of Bacillus subtilis was demonstrated by use of a promoter probe plasmid, a sigH deletion mutant, primer extension studies, and in vitro transcription with E sigma H holoenzyme. Both SigH promoters were expressed at low levels even during the growth phase but were expressed at higher levels during the early stationary phase. Expression from the upstream SigH promoter allowed the expression of both dnaE and sigA genes; however, expression from the downstream SigH promoter, which was located in the ribosome-binding site of the dnaE gene, resulted only in the expression of the sigA gene, since the truncated dnaE ribosome-binding site could not be used for initiating translation. Thus, promoter switching during the early stationary phase resulted not only in expression from SigH promoters but also in differential expression of the genes in the sigA operon.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Deletion', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Operon', 'Plasmids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Bacterial', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Sigma Factor', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 1,698,762
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C23.550.210.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.029.530.175', 'G05.365.590.175.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.762.180', 'G05.558.800.180', 'G05.700.131.500.500'], ['G05.308.300'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.340.024.686', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.473'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['D12.776.930.800'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Robustness index score: a new stability parameter for designing robustness into biologic formulations.
|
Formulation robustness is critical to product quality. A challenge in designing robustness into biologic formulations is the absence of one global parameter, which allows equitable comparison across formulations and quality measures. The new measure introduced here derived from accelerated testing data allows for the design of globally optimal robust formulations. The measure is easy to understand and also numerically and computationally stable when performing optimizations. The measure termed here as robustness index (RobX) score is a relative measure allowing for global optimization across multiple critical quality attributes. Described here are the calculation methods, a discussion of the measure characteristics, and a brief example of using RobX to find a global optimal formulation across multiple quality characteristics within the framework of a mixture experimental design. The data presented are actual stability data generated during a formulation experimental design for a monoclonal antibody. We anticipate this approach will provide a good general measure of drug stability and will help to accelerate the drug development process. We believe it will improve formulation robustness, long-term stability, and the delivery of quality drug products to the patient.
|
['Biological Products', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Proteins']
| 21,976,016
|
[['D20.215'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599'], ['D12.776']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Topological and functional discovery in a gene coexpression meta-network of gastric cancer.
|
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of global cancer mortality, but comparatively little is known about the cellular pathways regulating different aspects of the gastric cancer phenotype. To achieve a better understanding of gastric cancer at the levels of systems topology, functional modules, and constituent genes, we assembled and systematically analyzed a consensus gene coexpression meta-network of gastric cancer incorporating >300 tissue samples from four independent patient populations (the "gastrome"). We find that the gastrome exhibits a hierarchical scale-free architecture, with an internal structure comprising multiple deeply embedded modules associated with diverse cellular functions. Individual modules display distinct subtopologies, with some (cellular proliferation) being integrated within the primary network, and others (ribosomal biosynthesis) being relatively isolated. One module associated with intestinal differentiation exhibited a remarkably high degree of autonomy, raising the possibility that its specific topological features may contribute towards the frequent occurrence of intestinal metaplasia in gastric cancer. At the single-gene level, we discovered a novel conserved interaction between the PLA2G2A prognostic marker and the EphB2 receptor, and used tissue microarrays to validate the PLA2G2A/EphB2 association. Finally, because EphB2 is a known target of the Wnt signaling pathway, we tested and provide evidence that the Wnt pathway may also similarly regulate PLA2G2A. Many of these findings were not discernible by studying the single patient populations in isolation. Thus, besides enhancing our knowledge of gastric cancer, our results show the broad utility of applying meta-analytic approaches to genome-wide data for the purposes of biological discovery.
|
['Cluster Analysis', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Group II Phospholipases A2', 'Humans', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Phospholipases A', 'Receptor, EphB2', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 16,397,236
|
[['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.393.332'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937.750.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.850.650', 'D12.776.543.750.630.500.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Further experience in argon laser therapy for cutaneous lesions.
|
A review of over 350 cases of cutaneous lesions, principally cases of port-wine stains, treated by argon laser in the last six years is presented. Success rates of 45-50% have been obtained and the complication rate has been greatly reduced by careful selection of patients and modification of the dosage used based on early experience.
|
['Argon', 'Hemangioma', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Nevus, Pigmented', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Telangiectasis']
| 2,333,812
|
[['D01.268.613.050', 'D01.362.641.113'], ['C04.557.645.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['C04.557.665.560.615'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['C14.907.823']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in eye growth produced by drugs which affect retinal ON or OFF responses to light.
|
The interaction between drugs which affect ON and OFF responses to light and ocular growth was investigated in 154 eyes of newly-hatched chicks raised with normal vision or monocular occlusion with regular intravitreal injections of APB (2-amino-4 phosphonobutyric acid) or PDA (cis 2,3-piperidine-dicarboxylic acid). The experimental results indicate that APB, at a dose sufficient to abolish the b-wave of the electroretinogram (but not to show extensive damage to the retinal neurons at the light microscopic level), caused a significant decrease in the axial growth of the eyes when compared with normal eyes. APB did not result in a significant difference in the growth rates of the occluded eyes compared with occluded controls. By contrast, injection of PDA into occluded eyes at a dose which reduced the response at light offset in the electroretinogram (and also affected the ON-response), caused a dramatic reduction in elongation of those eyes compared with occluded controls. Injection of PDA into eyes raised in a normal visual environment did not induce a significant difference from the growth rate of normally reared control eyes. These growth changes support the hypothesis that drugs which affect the physiological function of the retina, in particular, the strength of the ON and OFF responses, interact with the visual rearing environment to cause a consistent pattern of changes to eye growth and refractive error.
|
['Aminobutyrates', 'Animals', 'Electroretinography', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists', 'Eye', 'Female', 'Light', 'Male', 'Pipecolic Acids', 'Refractometry', 'Retina', 'Vitreous Body']
| 8,773,935
|
[['D02.241.081.114.500', 'D12.125.190'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.200', 'D27.505.696.577.190.200'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D03.066.758', 'D03.383.621.758'], ['E05.196.808', 'H01.671.617.755'], ['A09.371.729'], ['A09.371.714.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Contributions of individual syndromes to global psychopathology ratings for mental health and substance abuse patients.
|
Used the SCL-90 Analogue to rate nine psychiatric syndromes-and overall psychopathology in 1,046 mental health and 809 substance abuse patients admitted to a large metropolitan, community mental health center. Stepwise multiple regressions of the nine syndrome ratings on the global psychopathology ratings for each sample indicated that different syndromes contributed meaningful amounts of variance to the explanations of the global psychopathology ratings. The salient syndromes for the mental health patients were Interpersonal Sensitivity and Psychoticism, whereas those for the substance above patients were Anxiety and Paranoid Ideation. Implications of the results for the wisdom of averaging syndrome ratings to calculate overall psychopathology were discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Psychological Tests', 'Psychometrics', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 7,068,890
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F04.711'], ['F04.711.780'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Compliance with surveillance recommendations for foregut subepithelial tumors is poor: results of a prospective multicenter study.
|
BACKGROUND: American Gastroenterological Association guidelines recommend performing EUS to characterize subepithelial lesions (SELs) discovered on upper endoscopy (EGD), followed by surveillance if no high-risk features are identified. However, limited data are available on the impact of and compliance with surveillance recommendations.OBJECTIVE: To determine the natural history of SELs<30 mm in size evaluated by EUS and to determine the degree of patient compliance with surveillance recommendations.DESIGN: Prospective registry.SETTING: Two tertiary centers.PATIENTS: We studied 187 consecutive adult patients referred for EUS evaluation of foregut SELs.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Proportion of patients in whom SELs change in size or echo-features and compliance with follow-up recommendations.RESULTS: Surveillance was recommended in 65 patients with hypoechoic SELs (44.6% women, age 59.5±13.2 years); of these, 29 (44.6%) underwent surveillance EUS as recommended and were followed for a median of 30 months (range, 12-105). During follow-up, 16 SELs (25%) increased in size, with a mean increase of 3.4±3.9 mm (range, 1-15). No changes in echo-texture of the SELs were observed. One patient was referred to surgery during follow-up (because of SEL growth>30 mm).LIMITATIONS: Short follow-up duration; compliance was a secondary aim.CONCLUSIONS: During a median follow-up of 30 months, growth in size was observed in 25% of small foregut SELs. However, change in size was minimal, and only 1 patient was referred for surgery based on surveillance EUS findings. Compliance with surveillance recommendations is poor, with fewer than 50% of patients undergoing surveillance EUS as recommended.
|
['Aged', 'Disease Progression', 'Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Endosonography', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Incidental Findings', 'Leiomyoma', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance', 'Prospective Studies', 'Registries', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 25,660,977
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.370.372.250.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250', 'E04.210.240.250', 'E04.502.250.250.250'], ['E01.370.350.850.280'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['C04.557.450.565.370', 'C06.301.371.308', 'C06.405.249.308'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.410'], ['C04.557.450.590.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Severe traumatic oculo-orbital displacement. Diagnosis and secondary treatment.
|
We have treated 12 patients with severe oculo-orbital trauma during the past 3 years. The structural problems, produced by disruption or displacement of the orbital cone, were treated effectively (and, on occasion, preferentially) with onlay bone grafts. For an effective correction, we advise radical mobilization of the soft tissue and simultaneous correction on the ocular adnexal deformities. Ocular muscle problems are produced by direct injury to the extraocular muscles, or oculomotor nerve, and were possible these should be corrected early. The structural damage to the eye and orbit falls into certain patterns, related to weak points about the orbit. These have been described.
|
['Adult', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Child, Preschool', 'Eye Injuries', 'Facial Injuries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Orbit', 'Transplantation, Autologous']
| 320,612
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C10.900.300.284.250', 'C11.297', 'C26.915.300.425.250'], ['C10.900.300.284', 'C26.915.300.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.690'], ['E04.936.664']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The impact of primary hyperparathyroidism on the oral cavity.
|
CONTEXT: Primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a systemic disease causing bone loss. Periodontal disease is a local inflammatory disease characterized by alveolar bone loss. The older literature records that HPT is associated with loss of radicular lamina dura and brown tumors of the bone, but contemporary studies are lacking.OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the effects of HPT on oral bony structures and periodontal disease in a contemporary population.DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional, case-controlled study.SETTING: The study was conducted at the clinics of endocrine surgery and hospital dentistry.PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-nine patients, 39 with HPT and 20 thyroid controls, were included in the study.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Periodontal clinical measures and dental radiographic analyses were used in this study.RESULTS: HPT patients were more likely to have tori and reductions in radicular lamina dura on dental radiographs. Widening of the periodontal ligament space surrounding teeth correlated with serum PTH levels. Panoramic radiographs demonstrated reduced cortical bone thickness at the angle of the mandible in HPT patients but no evidence of brown tumors or other overt pathologies.CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the oral cavity observed in patients with HPT suggested both decreased cortical density and increased likelihood of oral tori. The contemporary oral manifestations of primary HPT are different from those previously reported, and health care providers should be aware of newer, more subtle findings that may be present when treating patients with HPT.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Density', 'Calcium', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism, Primary', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parathyroid Hormone', 'Periodontal Diseases', 'Radiography', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tooth Loss']
| 16,822,829
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G11.427.100'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355.239'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D06.472.699.590', 'D12.644.548.587'], ['C07.465.714'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['C07.465.714.804', 'C07.793.870']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Impact of mass spectrometry by MALDI-TOF MS for the rapid identification of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria of clinical importance].
|
BACKGROUND: MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization -Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry) technology, recently introduced in the microbiology laboratory has proven to be a precise and rapid method for bacterial identification.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance, costs associated and turnaround time of MALDI-TOF in a routine laboratory.MATERIAL AND METHOD: Five hundred and sixty one clinical isolates (281 aerobes and 280 anaerobes) previously identified by conventional methods were evaluated. Discordances were resolved by means of 16S rRNA sequencing.RESULTS: MALDI-TOF identified 95, 7% of the aerobes isolates and 86, 4% of the anaerobes. The groups with better performance were the enterobacteriacea and Bacteroides spp with 95% and 100% identification at the species level. The error rate of MALDI-TOF and conventional methods compared to sequencing was 0, 39% and 9, 4% respectively. The costs associated were 8 times lower with a turnaround time of 6 hours.CONCLUSION: MALDI-TOF proved to be simple, precise and less expensive technology compared to the traditional methods.
|
['Bacteria, Aerobic', 'Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Humans', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Time Factors']
| 23,677,152
|
[['B03.120'], ['B03.130'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['N03.219.151'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Patient perspectives on the integration of an intensive online behavioral weight loss intervention into primary care.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine patients' perception of how a referral-based online lifestyle intervention contributed to primary care medicine.METHODS: We invited 50 adults to complete a semi-structured interview after a 1-year online behavioral weight loss intervention (average weight change: -4.79 kg). We developed an iterative codebook using content analysis. Two coders independently coded all transcripts (kappa=0.895). We analyzed responses regarding the integration of the program with primary care.RESULTS: Among the 35 participants who completed the interview, 46% described a positive experience between the program and their routine medical care; 14% noted it was fine/OK; 9% reported no effect, 3% were negative, 11% said that the program was unrelated to their medical care, and 14% that the only connection was the referral. Factors such as physician feedback and support, coordination with routine health care, and improved cardiovascular risk factors were cited in support of a positive experience. Physician feedback was reported by 89%, and 80% stated that the program helped them to follow their physician's advice.CONCLUSION: Physician referral to online education and counseling may facilitate the integration of evidence-based behavioral counseling with primary care.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Internet technology may enable improved access to evidence-based counseling for chronic health problems.
|
['Behavior Therapy', 'Data Collection', 'Directive Counseling', 'Female', 'Health Education', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Preventive Medicine', 'Primary Health Care', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Weight Loss']
| 21,459,256
|
[['F04.754.137'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['F02.784.176.279', 'F04.408.413.349', 'N02.421.461.363.349'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['H02.403.720.750'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Soluble endoglin as a second-trimester marker for preeclampsia.
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this investigation was to characterize soluble endoglin (sEng) concentrations in second-trimester serum of women who either develop preeclampsia or have a normal pregnancy.STUDY DESIGN: Single second-trimester serum samples obtained from healthy, nonsmoking women who subsequently developed severe preeclampsia (n = 48) or from healthy nonsmoking women who experienced a normal pregnancy (n = 56) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were reported as mean +/- standard deviation.RESULTS: Maternal age or gestational age at time of sample was not different between the 2 groups. Patients who later developed preeclampsia delivered earlier, had smaller infants, and had a higher mean arterial pressure than controls. Patients who later developed severe preeclampsia had elevated sEng, compared with those with normal pregnancy (6.19 +/- 2.1 vs 5.00 +/- 1.0 ng/mL, P = .02).CONCLUSION: Soluble endoglin is elevated in second-trimester maternal serum in patients destined to develop severe preeclampsia.
|
['Adult', 'Antigens, CD', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Endoglin', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta']
| 17,689,640
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.250'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Identification of non-host semiochemicals for the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Acari: Ixodidae), from tick-resistant beagles, Canis lupus familiaris.
|
Studies have shown that the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, when fed on the beagle breed of dog, Canis lupus familiaris, development negatively affected in comparison with tick development after feeding on the English cocker spaniel breed. Thus leading to the suggestion that beagle dogs are be tick-resistant dogs. Behavioural studies have demonstrated that more ticks are attracted by extracts from cocker spaniels than from beagles and that the odour of beagles is a repellent. To test the hypothesis that resistant hosts produce repellent compounds, we undertook comparative chemical analysis on beagle odour and cocker spaniel extracts using coupled high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and also used Petri-dish and olfactometer behavioural assays to assess the response of ticks to identified non-host compounds. The beagle odour extracts contained almost three times as many chemical compounds as cocker spaniel samples. Several non-host compounds were identified, i.e. 2-hexanone, benzaldehyde, nonane, decane and undecane. In Petri-dish assays, 2-hexanone was repellent at 30 min at concentrations of 0.200 and 0.050 mg cm(-2), whilst at 10 min, the 0.100 mg cm(-2) concentration was repellent. Benzaldehyde repelled ticks at 30 min (0.200 mg cm(-2)) and at 5 min (0.050 mg cm(-2)). Undecane was repellent for R. sanguineus s.l. ticks for the first 5 min at the highest concentration tested. Nonane and decane did not show any significant repellency at any concentration or time evaluated. When 2-hexanone and benzaldehyde were combined, an increase in the repellency rate was observed, with activity comparable or better than N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). In olfactometer bioassays, a 1:1 mixture of 2-hexanone:benzaldehyde and DEET were repellent for R. sanguineus s.l. adults at the concentration of 0.200 mg cm(-2). This study identified non-host semiochemicals that mediate avoidance of the beagle dog breed by R. sanguineus s.l. This finding may enable development of new approaches to control this tick.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Pheromones', 'Rhipicephalus sanguineus', 'Tick Infestations']
| 26,103,925
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['D23.641'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400.712.700'], ['C01.610.858.211.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Caf?-au-lait macules and pediatric malignancy caused by biallelic mutations in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene PMS2.
|
A 14-year-old male presented with a T4 sigmoid adenocarcinoma, <10 colonic adenomas and multiple caf?-au-lait macules. Family history was not suggestive of a dominant hereditary form of colorectal cancer. Evaluation of the tumor revealed abnormal immunohistochemical staining of the PMS2 protein and high frequency microsatellite instability. Germline analysis identified biallelic PMS2 missense mutations. A new cancer syndrome caused by biallelic mutations in the mismatch repair genes, including PMS2, is now emerging and is characterized by caf?-au-lait macules, colonic polyps and a distinctive tumor spectrum.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Adolescent', 'Alleles', 'Cafe-au-Lait Spots', 'Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis', 'DNA Mismatch Repair', 'DNA Repair Enzymes', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Pedigree']
| 18,273,873
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['M01.060.057'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['C17.800.621.250', 'C23.888.885.250'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.190', 'C04.700.250', 'C06.301.371.411.307.190', 'C06.405.249.411.307.190', 'C06.405.469.158.356.190', 'C06.405.469.491.307.190', 'C16.320.700.250', 'C18.452.284.255'], ['G02.111.222.220', 'G05.219.220'], ['D08.811.074'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.074.766.250', 'D08.811.277.040.025.215.250', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.600', 'D12.776.260.540.250'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['E05.393.673']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Repurposing existing drugs for new AMPK activators as a strategy to extend lifespan: a computer-aided drug discovery study.
|
Dietary restriction is one of the several ways which could putatively extend organisms' lifespan, ranging from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to rodents, by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an ATP/AMP sensor. Extensive researches have shown that aging reduces sensibility of AMPK and eventually causes energy imbalance in cells. Research in mammals' AMPK depicts that this signaling molecule could control autophagy, improve cellular stress resistance and suppress inflammatory responses. Hence, in this study we performed a drug repurposing of 1908 FDA-approved drugs in order to discover putative safe activators of AMPK and to find new applications for existing drugs. For this purpose, FDA-approved drugs were screened by virtual screening and the ligand-protein interactions were carefully inspected. Moreover, through MM/PBSA analysis, the binding affinity of hit compounds in ã and áâ binding sites were investigated. As Cangrelor, Nacitentan, Levoleucovorin and Glisoxepide had lower binding affinities; we predicted that they would probably prove to be more potential activators than C2. However, hit-compounds in áâ binding site, exhibited higher unfavorable binding affinity. Hence, present findings can prove to be valuable for discovering new activators for AMPK.
|
['Adenylate Kinase', 'Animals', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Computer-Aided Design', 'Drug Design', 'Drug Discovery', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Repositioning', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Ligands', 'Longevity', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'United States', 'United States Food and Drug Administration', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 29,335,817
|
[['D08.811.913.696.650.025'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['L01.224.108.150', 'L01.296.110.150'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['E05.290.875'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.282'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.760', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.760'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Neurological improvement during bioartificial liver sessions in patients with acute liver failure awaiting transplantation.
|
BACKGROUND: Brain edema is the main cause of death in acute liver failure patients awaiting transplantation. We assessed the HepatAssist 2000, a liver-assist system containing porcine hepatocytes, as a bridge to transplantation in patients with acute liver failure.METHODS: Thirteen patients suffering from acute liver failure with criteria for transplantation entered an open baseline-controlled study, with liver-assist treatment sessions at 24-hr intervals until transplantation. Neurological status was regularly evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Scale.RESULTS: Three patients were not treated: one had an immediate transplantation and two improved spontaneously. Ten patients received one to three courses of HepatAssist. A significant neurological improvement (mean Glasgow Coma Scale before and after treatment: 6.5+/-3.7 and 9.6+/-4.4, respectively, P<0.02) was observed, which was related to the volume of plasma processed per square meter of body surface. A significant decrease was observed in mean levels of bilirubin (P=0.0005) and transaminases but not in the other indicators of liver function. Six patients had transient episodes of hemodynamic instability, and five had bleeding complications. Two patients died after transplantation. Eight patients survived with a mean follow-up of 24.3 (18-32) months.CONCLUSION: The HepatAssist 2000 is well tolerated, improves cerebral function, and may be used as a bridge to transplantation for patients with liver failure.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Pressure', 'Liver', 'Liver Failure, Acute', 'Liver, Artificial', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 11,821,741
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.561.170.505'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552.308.500.750'], ['E07.858.082.620'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
High parental age is associated with sporadic hereditary retinoblastoma: the Dutch retinoblastoma register 1862-1994.
|
We wished to determine the influence of parental age at the birth of a retinoblastoma patient on the risk of sporadic hereditary retinoblastoma. The parental age at birth of 941 patients of the Dutch retinoblastoma register (1862-1994) was identified and compared between sporadic hereditary and nonhereditary patients. In a subcohort (1936-1994), a comparison was made with parental age at birth in the general population, as obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics. Missing birth dates of the parents of retinoblastoma patients were traced with the help of the municipal registries and the Central Bureau of Genealogy. The mean paternal age was 10.7 months higher and the mean maternal age was 11.0 months higher in the sporadic hereditary retinoblastoma patients than in parents of nonhereditary patients. In the subcohort, the mean paternal and maternal ages of sporadic hereditary patients were also higher (12.4 and 11.5 months, respectively) than those of the general population. All differences were statistically significant. This study shows that a high parental age is associated with an enhanced risk of sporadic hereditary retinoblastoma.
|
['Adult', 'Cohort Studies', 'Eye Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Genes, Retinoblastoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maternal Age', 'Netherlands', 'Paternal Age', 'Registries', 'Retinoblastoma', 'Risk']
| 8,682,494
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C04.588.364', 'C11.319'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['G08.686.700'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.725', 'C04.557.470.670.725', 'C04.557.580.625.600.725', 'C04.588.364.818.760', 'C11.270.862', 'C11.319.475.760', 'C11.768.717.760'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Stability of platelet surface antigens during storage.
|
We measured changes in A, B, 2H, PlA1, and HLA Class I antigens on human platelets stored as routine platelet concentrates (PCs) in 50 to 60 ml of citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1) plasma in polyolefin (PL 732) bags at 22 degrees C with continuous cartwheel rotation. Samples were obtained at 1, 3, 5, and 10 days of storage; incubated with human IgG anti-A, -B, -HLA and -PlA1; incubated with mouse monoclonal 125I-labeled anti-human IgG; centrifuged through phthalate ester oils; and assayed in a gamma scintillation counter. Additionally, group O platelets were analyzed using 125I-labeled IgM mouse monoclonal anti-Type 2H. Mean values for molecules of Ig bound per platelet showed that platelet surface antigens A, B, 2H, PlA1, and HLA Class I showed no significant change during 10-day storage as routine PCs in CPD-A1 in PL 732 bags. Identical radioassays were performed with platelets incubated at 22 degrees C in plastic test tubes for 24 hours in homologous plasma from donors negative for the respective antigens and in a variety of artificial media with albumin and lipids. No significant changes occurred in any of the surface antigens, except for the loss of approximately 50 percent of the blood group A antigen from platelets stored in O plasma or in albumin media. These data indicate that HLA, PlA1, and type 2H structures do not readily dissociate from the platelet membrane during storage, while some blood group A antigens, presumably acquired passively from the plasma, will elute from the platelet under certain conditions. Routine storage conditions are unlikely to alter the immunogenicity of platelets due to a loss of antigen expression.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Blood Platelets', 'Blood Preservation', 'Drug Stability', 'Humans']
| 4,071,601
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['E02.792.833.230', 'E05.760.833.230'], ['E05.916.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hereditary long QT syndrome in pregnancy: antenatal and intrapartum management options.
|
Long QT syndrome is a rare but severe cardiac arrhythmia. We report the antenatal and intrapartum management of a primigravida carrying the hereditary form of the disease and specifically the Romano-Ward syndrome. A multidisciplinary approach and close obstetric surveillance are mandatory for a good maternal and perinatal outcome. Follow-up of the neonate is equally important.
|
['Adult', 'Cesarean Section', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Long QT Syndrome', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Prenatal Care']
| 17,674,248
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C14.280.067.565', 'C14.280.123.625', 'C16.131.240.400.715', 'C23.550.073.547'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.634', 'C14.583'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effort-limited treadmill walk test: reliability and validity in subjects with postpolio syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability and construct validity of an effort-limited treadmill walk test to measure functional ability in subjects with postpolio syndrome in an outpatient postpolio clinic.DESIGN: Functioning and distance walked on a treadmill to a Borg "hard" effort level were measured three times, a week apart, by two blinded raters in 15 subjects with postpolio syndrome, aged 37-67 yrs, with new weakness, fatigue, and pain but with no other cause of symptomatology or condition-limiting walking. One rater tested them twice. Fatigue activity level, mobility, and health-related quality of life (Medical Outcome Study Short Form Health Survey [SF-36]) defined functioning. Generalizability correlation coefficients determined intrarater, test-retest and interrater reliability. The correlations relating the distance walked and functioning determined construct validity.RESULTS: Reliability for generalizability correlation coefficients were: intrarater, 0.91; test-retest, 0.85; and interrater, 0.58. Interrater reliability improved to 0.91 with adherence to a standardized protocol. Validity was established with correlations between the distance walked and SF-36 physical component score (0.66), physical role (0.60), bodily pain (0.60), and vitality (0.55).CONCLUSIONS: The treadmill walk test provides a reproducible and valid measure of ability in persons with postpolio syndrome with a single rater, but a standardized protocol is essential for reliability.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Measurement', 'Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome', 'Quality of Life', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 15,277,963
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C01.207.618.750.750', 'C01.925.782.687.359.764.650', 'C05.651.534.750', 'C10.228.228.618.750.750', 'C10.228.854.525.850.750', 'C10.574.827', 'C10.668.491.175.750', 'C10.668.864.500'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A zebrafish mosaic assay to study mammalian stem cells in real time in vivo.
|
The differentiation potentials of stem cells have been evaluated by various in vivo and in vitro assays. However, these assays have different limitations hindering efficient study of mammalian stem cells. Here we describe a rapid and powerful mosaic assay to study the differentiation potentials of stem cells in real time in vivo by using zebrafish embryo. We transplanted mouse neural stem cells into zebrafish embryos at different developmental stages and found that they mainly formed neural tissues while occasionally trans-differentiated into mesoderm- and endoderm-derived tissues. Because zebrafish embryo is transparent, the behaviors of transplanted mouse stem cells can be easily tracked in a real-time manner and at single-cell resolution. We expect that this assay may be widely applied to explore the in vivo behaviors of any stem cells available.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Genetically Modified', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Transdifferentiation', 'Endoderm', 'Mesoderm', 'Mice', 'Mosaicism', 'Neural Stem Cells', 'Stem Cells', 'Zebrafish']
| 27,554,369
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.136', 'B05.620.136'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.356'], ['A16.504.407'], ['A16.504.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590.175.595'], ['A11.872.653'], ['A11.872'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exogenous interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma increase lethality of murine inhalational anthrax.
|
BACKGROUND: Bacillus anthracis, the etiologic agent of inhalational anthrax, is a facultative intracellular pathogen. Despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy, the mortality from inhalational anthrax approaches 45%, underscoring the need for better adjuvant therapies. The variable latency between exposure and development of disease suggests an important role for the host's innate immune response. Type I and Type II Interferons (IFN) are prominent members of the host innate immune response and are required for control of intracellular pathogens. We have previously described a protective role for exogenous Type I and Type II IFNs in attenuating intracellular B.anthracis germination and macrophage cell death in vitro.METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We sought to extend these findings in an in vivo model of inhalational anthrax, utilizing the Sterne strain (34F2) of B.anthracis. Mice devoid of STAT1, a component of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma signaling, had a trend towards increased mortality, bacterial germination and extrapulmonary spread of B.anthracis at 24 hrs. This was associated with impaired IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 production. However, administration of exogenous IFN-gamma, and to a lesser extent IFN-alpha, at the time of infection, markedly increased lethality. While IFNs were able to reduce the fraction of germinated spores within the lung, they increased both the local and systemic inflammatory response manifest by increases in IL-12 and reductions in IL-10. This was associated with an increase in extrapulmonary dissemination. The mechanism of IFN mediated inflammation appears to be in part due to STAT1 independent signaling.CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, while endogenous IFNs are essential for control of B.anthracis germination and lethality, administration of exogenous IFNs appear to increase the local inflammatory response, thereby increasing mortality.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Animals', 'Anthrax', 'Bacillus anthracis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukins', 'Lung', 'MAP Kinase Kinase 3', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'STAT1 Transcription Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spleen', 'Spores, Bacterial', 'Survival Rate']
| 17,710,136
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.150.252.410.090.072'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.151', 'B03.353.500.100.218.151', 'B03.510.100.100.218.151', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.151', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465', 'D12.776.467.374.465', 'D23.529.374.465'], ['A04.411'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565.300', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200.300', 'D12.644.360.440.300', 'D12.776.476.440.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.644.360.024.303.500.500', 'D12.644.360.024.342.100', 'D12.776.157.057.061.500.500', 'D12.776.157.057.186.100', 'D12.776.260.513.249.500', 'D12.776.476.024.386.500.500', 'D12.776.476.024.430.100', 'D12.776.930.354.249.500', 'D12.776.930.840.100'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.870.700', 'B05.775.700'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Distribution Characteristics and Seasonal Variation of Soil Nutrients in the Mun River Basin, Thailand.
|
Based on soil sampling data from the dry season and the rainy season, the spatial heterogeneity and spatial pattern of soil nutrients in the Mun River Basin, Thailand, were studied and the seasonal variation in soil nutrients was analyzed using classical statistical methods and geostatistical methods. The soil nutrient content in the Mun Basin showed moderate and strong variations, and the descending order of soil variability was as follows: available phosphorous (AP) > electric conductivity (EC) > soil organic matter (SOM) > total nitrogen (TN) > pH value in the dry season, with AP showing strong variation, and EC > AP > SOM > TN > pH in the rainy season, with EC showing strong variation. Different soil nutrients and different soil properties had different spatial variation characteristics, and their corresponding best-fitting models were also different. Based on the nugget (C₀), sill (C₀ + C), and range (A), spatial analysis was performed for the soil nutrients, pH, and EC in the dry season and in the rainy season. Analysis based on kriging spatial interpolation data showed that pH, SOM, TN, and EC had convex or concave distributions, whereas AP had a patchy distribution. Terrain, vegetation, and human disturbance are the main factors that contribute to the differences in the soil nutrient pattern of the Mun River Basin.
|
['Electric Conductivity', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Nutrients', 'Rivers', 'Seasons', 'Soil', 'Spatial Analysis', 'Thailand']
| 30,142,884
|
[['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['G02.300'], ['G07.203.300.681', 'J02.500.681'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['E05.318.740.933', 'N05.715.360.750.746', 'N06.850.520.830.933'], ['Z01.252.145.841']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
International developments in revenues and incomes of general practitioners from 2000 to 2010.
|
BACKGROUND: The remuneration system of General Practitioners (GPs) has changed in several countries in the past decade. The aim of our study was: to establish the effect of these changes on the revenues and income of GPs in the first decade of the 21st century.METHODS: Annual GP revenue and practice costs were collected from national institutes in the eight countries included in our study (Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, The Netherlands, Sweden, The United Kingdom (UK)) from 2000-2010. The data were corrected for inflation and purchasing power. Data on the remuneration systems and changes herein were collected from the European Observatory Health Systems Reviews and country experts.RESULTS: Comprehensive changes in the remuneration system of GPs were associated with considerable changes in GP income. Incremental changes mainly coincided with a gradual increase in income after correction for inflation. Average GP income was higher in countries with a strong primary care structure.CONCLUSIONS: The gap between the countries where GPs have a lower income (Belgium, Sweden, France and Finland) and the countries where GPs have a higher income (Netherlands, Germany and the UK) continues to exist over time and appeared to be related to dimensions of primary care, such as governance and access. New payment forms, such as integrated care payment systems, and new health care professionals that are working for GPs, increasingly blur the line between practice costs and income, making it more and more important to clearly define expenditures on GPs, to remain sight on the actual income of GPs.
|
['Europe', 'General Practitioners', 'Health Expenditures', 'Health Policy', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Primary Health Care', 'Remuneration']
| 24,152,337
|
[['Z01.542'], ['M01.526.485.810.485', 'N02.360.810.485'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['N01.824.417.605']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A DNA sequence polymorphism in the endoglin gene is not associated with intracranial aneurysm or aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endoglin is a member of the transforming growth factor beta family of proteins and plays a central role in vascular growth and development. There have been conflicting reports that polymorphic variation in the endoglin gene is a risk factor for intracranial aneurysms (IAs). We sought to further investigate the intron 7 5'-TCCCCC-3' endoglin polymorphism as a risk factor for IA and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in a population of patients from western Pennsylvania.METHODS: We genotyped 98 IA patients and 191 unaffected controls for a length polymorphism in intron 7 using PCR-based methods.RESULTS: The endoglin polymorphism was not associated with IA or the incidence of aneurysm rupture and SAH. No association was found when data were stratified by smoking and hypertension.CONCLUSION: These data, from a population recruited in western Pennsylvania, support recent findings in Japanese and German populations that, despite earlier observation to the contrary, endoglin is not associated with IA. Furthermore, our study extends previous observations by demonstrating no association between endoglin and either IA or SAH regardless of whether data were stratified for modifiable risk factors such as smoking and hypertension.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alleles', 'Aneurysm', 'Antigens, CD', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'Endoglin', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Introns', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Pennsylvania', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage', 'Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1']
| 15,976,502
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['C14.907.055'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.776.543.750.250'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['G05.365.795'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.920', 'D12.776.543.550.200.920', 'D23.050.301.350.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
The epitope recognized by pan-HLA class I-reactive monoclonal antibody W6/32 and its relationship to unusual stability of the HLA-B27/beta2-microglobulin complex.
|
A broadly used pan-HLA class I-reactive monoclonal antibody W6/32 is believed to recognize a conformational epitope dependent on association between heavy chains and beta2-microglobulin (beta2m). However, in the present study we report that W6/32 does recognize at least some free HLA class I heavy chains under the partially denaturating conditions of nonreducing Western blotting, namely nearly all HLA-B allelic products. Furthermore, we confirm and largely extend our previous observation that complexes of beta2m with heavy chains of a few HLA class I allelic forms (most notably HLA-B27) exhibit unusual resistance to dissociation by SDS, which is reminiscent of MHC class II molecules. In addition, our data indicate the existence of covalent (disulfide-linked) heterodimers of certain HLA class I heavy chains (namely Cw1 and Cw4) and beta2m.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Epitopes', 'HLA-B Antigens', 'HLA-B27 Antigen', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Mice', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'beta 2-Microglobulin']
| 11,685,454
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.500', 'D12.776.543.550.439.500', 'D23.050.301.500.100.500', 'D23.050.301.500.450.380', 'D23.050.705.552.100.500', 'D23.050.705.552.450.380'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.500.270', 'D12.776.543.550.439.500.270', 'D23.050.301.500.100.500.270', 'D23.050.301.500.450.380.270', 'D23.050.705.552.100.500.270', 'D23.050.705.552.450.380.270'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['D12.776.124.790.223.100', 'D12.776.377.715.182.100', 'D12.776.395.550.489.100', 'D12.776.543.550.439.100', 'D23.050.301.500.100.175', 'D23.050.705.552.100.175']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rapid and effective diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis with novel and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay in clinical samples: a meta-analysis.
|
In recent years, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay has been introduced for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We performed the meta-analysis to establish the overall accuracy of LAMP assay for diagnosing pulmonary TB. Based on comprehensive searches of the pubmed, embase and cochrane databases, we identified outcome datas from all articles estimating diagnostic accuracy with LAMP assay until 1 October 2012. A summary estimation for sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratios (DOR) and the area under the summary ROC curve (AUC) was calculated by using the bivariate random-effects approach. The meta-analysis included 10 studies (1920 suspected specimens). The summary estimate was 80.0% (95%CI, 78.0%-83.0%) for sensitivity, 96.0% (95%CI, 95.0%-97.0%) for specificity and 119.85/0.9633 for DOR/AUC in pulmonary TB. The findings in subgroup analysis were as follows: the accuracy of LAMP assay is higher in high quality level studies than moderate and low quality level studies. The pooled sensitivity for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB was 90.0% (95%CI, 86.0-93.0%) and 75.0% (95%CI, 71.0-78.0%) for high quality level studies and moderate combined low quality level studies, respectively, while the specificity was 99.0% (95%CI, 98.0-100.0%) and 91.0% (95%CI, 88.0-94.0%). Pulmonary TB can be rapidly and accurately diagnosed with LAMP assay.
|
['Humans', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'ROC Curve', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 24,462,417
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.620'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Expected utility of voluntary vaccination in the middle of an emergent Bluetongue virus serotype 8 epidemic: a decision analysis parameterized for Dutch circumstances.
|
In order to put a halt to the Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) epidemic in 2008, the European Commission promoted vaccination at a transnational level as a new measure to combat BTV-8. Most European member states opted for a mandatory vaccination campaign, whereas the Netherlands, amongst others, opted for a voluntary campaign. For the latter to be effective, the farmer's willingness to vaccinate should be high enough to reach satisfactory vaccination coverage to stop the spread of the disease. This study looked at a farmer's expected utility of vaccination, which is expected to have a positive impact on the willingness to vaccinate. Decision analysis was used to structure the vaccination decision problem into decisions, events and payoffs, and to define the relationships among these elements. Two scenarios were formulated to distinguish farmers' mindsets, based on differences in dairy heifer management. For each of the scenarios, a decision tree was run for two years to study vaccination behaviour over time. The analysis was done based on the expected utility criterion. This allows to account for the effect of a farmer's risk preference on the vaccination decision. Probabilities were estimated by experts, payoffs were based on an earlier published study. According to the results of the simulation, the farmer decided initially to vaccinate against BTV-8 as the net expected utility of vaccination was positive. Re-vaccination was uncertain due to less expected costs of a continued outbreak. A risk averse farmer in this respect is more likely to re-vaccinate. When heifers were retained for export on the farm, the net expected utility of vaccination was found to be generally larger and thus was re-vaccination more likely to happen. For future animal health programmes that rely on a voluntary approach, results show that the provision of financial incentives can be adjusted to the farmers' willingness to vaccinate over time. Important in this respect are the decision moment and the characteristics of the disease. Farmers' perceptions of the disease risk and about the efficacy of available control options cannot be neglected.
|
['Agriculture', 'Animals', 'Bluetongue', 'Bluetongue virus', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Computer Simulation', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Epidemics', 'Female', 'Netherlands', 'Serogroup', 'Vaccination', 'Viral Vaccines']
| 24,768,508
|
[['J01.040'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.920.500.125', 'C01.925.081.125', 'C01.925.782.791.315', 'C22.836.120'], ['B04.820.223.719.550.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['N06.850.290.200'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['G05.695.825'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['D20.215.894.899']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Modulation of cortical motor outputs by the symbolic meaning of visual stimuli.
|
The observation of an action modulates motor cortical outputs in specific ways, in part through mediation of the mirror neuron system. Sometimes we infer a meaning to an observed action based on integration of the actual percept with memories. Here, we conducted a series of experiments in healthy adults to investigate whether such inferred meanings can also modulate motor cortical outputs in specific ways. We show that brief observation of a neutral stimulus mimicking a hand does not significantly modulate motor cortical excitability (Study 1) although, after prolonged exposure, it can lead to a relatively nonspecific modulation (Study 2). However, when such a neutral stimulus is preceded by exposure to a hand stimulus, the latter appears to serve as a prime, perhaps enabling meaning to the neutral stimulus, which then modulates motor cortical excitability in accordance with mirror neuron-driving properties (Studies 2 and 3). Overall results suggest that a symbolic value ascribed to an otherwise neutral stimulus can modulate motor cortical outputs, revealing the influence of top-down inputs on the mirror neuron system. These findings indicate a novel aspect of the human mirror neuron system: an otherwise neutral stimulus can acquire specific mirror neuron-driving properties in the absence of a direct association between motor practice and perception. This significant malleability in the way that the mirror neuron system can code otherwise meaningless (i.e. arbitrarily associated) stimuli may contribute to coding communicative signals such as language. This may represent a mirror neuron system feature that is unique to humans.
|
['Adult', 'Evoked Potentials, Motor', 'Female', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Motor Cortex', 'Neural Pathways', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 20,561,046
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.265.216.500.385', 'G11.561.200.500.385'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['A08.612'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E02.621.820'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A chemical and computational approach to comprehensive glycation characterization on antibodies.
|
Non-enzymatic glycation is a challenging post-translational modification to characterize due to the structural heterogeneity it generates in proteins. Glycation has become increasingly recognized as an important product quality attribute to monitor, particularly for the biotechnology sector, which produces recombinant proteins under conditions that are amenable to protein glycation. The elucidation of sites of glycation can be problematic using conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID)-based mass spectrometry because of the predominance of neutral loss ions. A method to characterize glycation using an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) as a model is reported here. The sugars present on this mAb were derivatized using sodium borohydride chemistry to stabilize the linkage and identified using CID-based MS(2) mass spectrometry and spectral search engines. Quantification of specific glycation sites was then done using a targeted MS(1) based approach, which allowed the identification of a glycation hot spot in the heavy chain complementarity-determining region 3 of the mAb. This targeted approach provided a path forward to developing a structural understanding of the propensity of sites to become glycated on mAbs. Through structural analysis we propose a model in which the number and 3-dimensional distances of carboxylic acid amino acyl residues create a favorable environment for glycation to occur.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived', 'Glycosylation', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational']
| 26,030,340
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.196.566'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of ethidium bromide on DNA loop organisation in human lymphocytes measured by anomalous viscosity time dependence and single cell gel electrophoresis.
|
The effects of ethidium bromide (EtBr) on human lymphocytes were studied by the method of anomalous viscosity time dependence (AVTD) and by the comet assay. EtBr at low concentrations increased the maximum viscosity and time of radial migration as measured with AVTD at neutral conditions of lysis. A pronounced relaxation of DNA loops was observed with the neutral comet assay. The maximal comet length corresponded to 2 Mb DNA loops. At high concentrations of EtBr, 2 mg/ml, significant reduction in AVTD below control level was seen that suggested hypercondensation of chromatin. The hypercondensation was directly observed with the neutral comet assay. EtBr did not induce DNA strand breaks as measured by the alkaline comet assay. The hypercondensed nuclei could be decondensed by irradiation with gamma-rays or exposure to light. The data provide evidence that EtBr at high concentrations resulted in hypercondensation of chromatin below control level. The comet assay confirmed that the increase in AVTD peaks deals with relaxation of loops and AVTD decrease is caused by chromatin condensation. The prediction of the AVTD theory for a correlation between time of radial migration and condensation of chromatin was verified. Further, the data show that the comet assay at neutral conditions of lysis is rather sensitive to DNA loop relaxation in the absence of DNA damage. Finally, donor specificity was found for the hypercondensation.
|
['Adult', 'Chromatin', 'DNA', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrophoresis', 'Ethidium', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutagenicity Tests', 'Viscosity']
| 10,434,054
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.196.401', 'E05.301.300'], ['D03.633.300.633.416'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.560', 'E05.940.560'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Shape-Preserved Transformation of Biological Cells into Synthetic Hydrogel Microparticles.
|
The synthesis of materials that can mimic the mechanical, and ultimately functional, properties of biological cells can broadly impact the development of biomimetic materials, as well as engineered tissues and therapeutics. Yet, it is challenging to synthesize, for example, microparticles that share both the anisotropic shapes and the elastic properties of living cells. Here, a cell-directed route to replicate cellular structures into synthetic hydrogels such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) is described. First, the internal and external surfaces of chemically fixed cells are replicated in a conformal layer of silica using a sol-gel process. The template is subsequently removed to render shape-preserved, mesoporous silica replicas. Infiltration and cross-linking of PEG precursors and dissolution of the silica result in a soft hydrogel replica of the cellular template as demonstrated using erythrocytes, HeLa, and neuronal cultured cells. The elastic modulus can be tuned over an order of magnitude (?10-100 kPa) though with a high degree of variability. Furthermore, synthesis without removing the biotemplate results in stimuli-responsive particles that swell/deswell in response to environmental cues. Overall, this work provides a foundation to develop soft particles with nearly limitless architectural complexity derived from dynamic biological templates.
|
['Biomimetic Materials', 'Cell Shape', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytological Techniques', 'Elastic Modulus', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Hydrogels', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Synthetic Biology']
| 32,627,427
|
[['J01.637.087'], ['G04.320'], ['A11.251'], ['E01.370.225.500', 'E05.200.500', 'E05.242'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.280.320.375', 'D26.255.165.320.375'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['H01.158.273.904', 'J01.293.069.500']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nursing a sense of family.
|
Rosemary Jenkinson was named nurse of the year in 1991 in recognition of her work to establish a community home for children with profound sensory disabilities. Winning the award was a confidence booster and a responsibility, she says.
|
['Adolescent', 'Awards and Prizes', 'Child', 'England', 'Family Nursing', 'History, 21st Century', 'Humans', 'Residential Facilities', 'Sensation Disorders']
| 24,299,361
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['K01.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['H02.478.676.218'], ['K01.400.504.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J03.775', 'N02.278.825'], ['C10.597.751', 'C23.888.592.763']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
APACHE-II score for assessment and monitoring of acute pancreatitis.
|
The value of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Enquiry (APACHE-II) score, the Simplified Acute Physiology score, and the Medical Research Council (MRC) sepsis score were compared with clinical assessment and Ranson and Imrie scores in the evaluation and monitoring of acute pancreatitis in 290 attacks. Attacks were graded mild (231) if uncomplicated, or severe (59) when major organ failure or a pancreatic collection occurred. Only APACHE-II scores were available at the time of admission; they correctly predicted outcome in 77% of attacks and identified 63% of severe attacks, compared with 44% achieved by clinical assessment. After 48 h, APACHE-II was most accurate, and correctly predicted outcome in 88% of attacks, compared with 69% for Ranson and 84% for Imrie scores. APACHE-II predicted 73% of pancreatic collections at 48 h, compared with 65% for Ranson and 58% for Imrie scores. In acute pancreatitis, APACHE-II may facilitate rapid selection of patients for intensive therapy or clinical trials, improve comparison between groups of patients, and indicate that a pancreatic collection is probable.
|
['Abscess', 'Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Exudates and Transudates', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Pseudocyst', 'Pancreatitis', 'Physical Examination', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 2,568,529
|
[['C01.830.025', 'C23.550.470.756.100'], ['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A12.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.182.640.692', 'C06.689.500.692'], ['C06.689.750'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
What is the optimal duration of androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer patients presenting with prostate-specific antigen levels > 20 ng/ml?
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the optimal duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with prostate cancer treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), who present with PSA levels > 20 ng/mL.METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 307 patients presenting with a PSA > 20 ng/ml were treated with EBRT and ADT. The cohort was divided into four groups according to the duration of ADT: Group 1 received < 6 months (n = 71), group 2 received 6-12 months (n = 80), group 3 received 12-24 months (n = 72), and group 4 received > 24 months (n = 84) of ADT. The endpoints analyzed were biochemical control (bNED), overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS). Statistical analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression models.RESULTS: Compared to patients who received < 6 months of ADT, patients treated with 12-24 months or > 24 months of ADT experienced significantly improved bNED (p = 0.01 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Cause-specific survival with ADT durations 12-24 and > 24 months were significantly higher compared to < 6 months (p < 0.007 and 0.024, respectively). Overall survival with ADT durations > 24 months was also significantly higher compared to < 6 months (p = 0.0025).CONCLUSIONS: The present analysis supports the hypothesis that longer durations of ADT improves bNED, CSS and OS in patients presenting with a PSA > 20 ng/ml.
|
['Aged', 'Androgen Antagonists', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,784,982
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D06.347.065', 'D27.505.696.399.450.065'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Guidelines for the treatment of anxiety disorders in adults].
|
The treatment of anxiety disorders has considerably improved and become more precise over the last two decades, on the basis of empirical results. The evidence of their efficacy is best established for panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and social phobia. The pharmacological treatment and the psychotherapeutical approaches of these three categories will be briefly reviewed, using data from well conceived studies and recommendations of experts. Thus, for each of these disorders, this article attempts to provide the physician with practical treatment guidelines.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Anxiety Agents', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Humans', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic']
| 10,941,305
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.015'], ['F03.080'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The management of patients undergoing synchronous combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
|
This paper describes the management of patients undergoing synchronous combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy at King's College Hospital. It is based on the experience of treating 96 patients with carcinoma of the head and neck between 1974-1978. A detailed account is given of the method of conducting the treatment. The routine assessment, investigations and follow-up are described, together with the complications due to individual drugs and general effects of combined therapy and their management. Great stress is laid on the need for active, intensive nursing care of these patients.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Diagnostic Tests, Routine', 'Diet', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Stomatitis']
| 7,069,276
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E01.370.395'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C07.465.864']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of buildup and dilution of wastewater effluent in shellfish growing waters through a modified application of super-position.
|
Since 1925, dilution analysis has been used to minimize pathogenic impacts to bivalve molluscan shellfish growing areas from treated wastewater effluent in the National Shellfish Sanitation Program (NSSP). For over twenty five years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended a minimum of 1000:1 dilution of effluent within prohibited closure zones established around wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharges. During May 2010, using recent technologies, a hydrographic dye study was conducted in conjunction with a pathogen bioaccumulation study in shellfish adjacent to a WWTP discharge in Yarmouth, ME. For the first time an improved method of the super-position principle was used to determine the buildup of dye tagged sewage effluent and steady state dilution in tidal waters. Results of the improved method of dilution analysis illustrate an economical, reliable and more accurate and manageable approach for estimating the buildup and steady state pollutant conditions in coastal and estuarine waters.
|
['Animals', 'Bivalvia', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Sewage', 'Shellfish', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Waste Water']
| 27,956,013
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.080'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['G07.203.300.600.875.700', 'J02.500.600.875.700'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluations of clinical tobacco cessation interventions in Arab populations: A systematic review.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Tobacco smoking is prevalent among Arab smokers. Interventions to support smoking cessation may differ in effectiveness in this population from Western populations usually studied. This review assessed evidence of effectiveness of clinical smoking interventions in Arab smokers.METHODS: A systematic search for comparative trials evaluating tobacco cessation interventions in Arab populations was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PyschINFO, CINHAL and Web of Science databases. Behavioural, pharmacological and combined interventions were included. Reference lists of included studies were hand searched. The outcome measure was self- reported tobacco abstinence at the final follow-up, with biochemical verification where available. Assessment of evidence for effectiveness was undertaken using Bayes Factors.RESULTS: A total of 659 titles and abstracts were identified. Five studies met the inclusion criteria. Four of these were randomized controlled trials and one was a non-randomized comparative trial. Differences between study features precluded meaningful aggregation for a meta-analysis. The four randomized trials all yielded Bayes Factors <1, suggesting no effect of the intervention compared with the control condition. The non-randomized trial, conducted in tuberculosis clinics in Sudan, yielded an extremely high Bayes Factor (>1000), supporting the hypothesis of effectiveness; however, the study was judged to have a high risk of bias.CONCLUSIONS: As yet, there is no convincing direct evidence that clinical smoking cessation interventions, which are found to be effective in Western populations, are also effective for Arab smokers. There is an urgent need for high quality randomized trials evaluating interventions in this population.
|
['Arabs', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Humans', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Tobacco Use Cessation']
| 30,205,256
|
[['M01.686.754.167'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['F04.754.137'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['F01.145.488.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Maximal sniff mouth pressure compared with maximal inspiratory pressure in acute respiratory failure.
|
Inspiratory muscle strength most often is better reflected by sniff Pes than PImax against occlusion. Furthermore, sniff Pes can be estimated noninvasively by the measurement of sniff Pmo in normal subjects and in patients with respiratory muscle weakness. The aim of this study was to compare sniff Pmo and P.PImax to assess inspiratory muscle strength in patients with acute respiratory failure. The highest pressure was produced by P.PImax in 61 percent of measurements, and by sniff Pmo in 39 percent. Above 35 cm H2O P.PImax yielded the highest pressure in 55 percent of cases and the ratio sniff Pmo/P.PImax was 1.20 +/- 0.54. Below 35 cm H2O, P.PImax yielded the highest pressure in 75 percent of cases and the ratio sniff Pmo/P.PImax was 0.76 +/- 0.35 (p less than 0.02). Thus, measurements of sniff Pmo and P.PImax complement one another for assessing inspiratory muscle strength. However, sniff Pmo underestimates inspiratory muscle strength in patients with severe inspiratory muscle weakness.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases, Obstructive', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth', 'Polyradiculoneuropathy', 'Pressure', 'Pulmonary Ventilation', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Respiratory Insufficiency', 'Respiratory Muscles']
| 2,060,340
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['C10.114.750', 'C10.314.750', 'C10.668.829.800.750', 'C20.111.258.750'], ['G01.374.715'], ['E01.370.386.700.660', 'G09.772.650'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['C08.618.846'], ['A02.633.567.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Endoscopic sphincterotomy, artificial AMS 800 sphincter and enlargement enterocystoplasty in the treatment of a dyssynergic neurological bladder].
|
Endoscopic sphincterotomy, AMS 800 artificial urinary sphincter and enlargement cystoplasty for treating a neurologic dyssynergic bladder. Association of endoscopic sphincterotomy made on a first operating time, with AMS 800 artificial sphincter and enlargement cystoplasty is a good choice for treating selected patients with a neurologic dyssynergic bladder. The author report his experience and his technique in a case of congenital malformation of the medullary cone.
|
['Adult', 'Humans', 'Ilium', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Spina Bifida Occulta', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder Calculi', 'Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic']
| 2,093,292
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.043.825.434'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E07.695'], ['C10.500.680.800.750', 'C16.131.666.680.800.750'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C12.777.829.720', 'C12.777.967.500.925', 'C13.351.968.829.521', 'C13.351.968.967.500.925', 'C23.300.175.850.875'], ['C10.597.900', 'C12.777.829.839', 'C13.351.968.829.760', 'C23.888.592.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Internal medicine consultation].
|
The Internal Medicine consultation plays an important part in the activity of the Medicine Department. This activity is seldom quantified and is usually underestimated. In order to assess the work load represented by this service, the authors designed a prospective study to quantify and analyse the characteristics of the 556 consecutive consultations performed during 12 months. Over half the requests for observation were received after 4 p.m. and 18% were requested urgently; 96,8% were answered on the same day. Of the consultations, 33% came from the Orthopaedics and Trauma Department, 18% from the General Surgery Department and 17% from the Surgical Intermediate Care Unit. Cardio-vascular, infectious and neurological pathology accounted for most of the calls. During the regular working hours, there was'nt a direct contact with the patient's physician in 54% of the consultations. This activity represents an important additional work load to the Internist, with increasing relevance in the improvement of medical care. Our results highlight the need to establish a general medicine consultation service in every Internal Medicine Department and to include this activity in future educational programs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Female', 'Hospital Departments', 'Humans', 'Internal Medicine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Referral and Consultation']
| 15,941,550
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N02.278.216.500.968', 'N04.452.442.452.422'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['N04.452.758.849']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transient expression assay for qualitative assessment of gene expression by fowlpox virus.
|
A transient expression assay for fowlpox virus (FPV) was developed to assess the feasibility of using heterologous promoters in FPV and to qualitatively determine relative promoter strength. A transient expression system for FPV has not been reported, and various methods used for transient expression in vaccinia-virus-infected cells produced negative results when used with FPV. Here a successful method for transient expression of E. coli beta-galactosidase in FPV-infected chick embryo fibroblasts is reported. This transient expression assay has been developed to qualitatively assess promoter recognition and gene expression by FPV. It should also prove useful in the identification of promoters from the FPV genomic library and in testing the accuracy of chimeric promoter-gene constructs.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Fibroblasts', 'Fowlpox virus', 'Gene Expression', 'Genomic Library', 'Lac Operon', 'Plasmids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Transfection']
| 2,161,157
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B04.280.650.160.100.300'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.325.425', 'G05.360.340.425'], ['G05.360.340.024.686.545', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.545'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Baculovirus-mediated expression of truncated modular fragments from the catalytic region of human complement serine protease C1s. Evidence for the involvement of both complement control protein modules in the recognition of the C4 protein substrate.
|
C1s is the modular serine protease responsible for cleavage of C4 and C2, the protein substrates of the first component of complement. Its catalytic region (gamma-B) comprises two complement control protein (CCP) modules, a short activation peptide (ap), and a serine protease domain (SP). A baculovirus-mediated expression system was used to produce recombinant truncated fragments from this region, deleted either from the first CCP module (CCP2-ap-SP) or from both CCP modules (ap-SP). The aglycosylated fragment CCP2-ap-SPag was also expressed by using tunicamycin. The fragments were produced at yields of 0.6-3 mg/liter of culture, isolated, and characterized chemically and then tested functionally by comparison with intact C1s and its proteolytic gamma-B fragment. All recombinant fragments were expressed in a proenzyme form and cleaved by C1r to generate active enzymes expressing esterolytic activity and reactivity toward C1 inhibitor comparable to those of intact C1s. Likewise, the activated fragments gamma-B, CCP2-ap-SP, and ap-SP retained C1s ability to cleave C2 in the fluid phase. In contrast, whereas fragment gamma-B cleaved C4 as efficiently as C1s, the C4-cleaving activity of CCP2-ap-SP was greatly reduced (about 70-fold) and that of ap-SP was abolished. It is concluded that C4 cleavage involves substrate recognition sites located in both CCP modules of C1s, whereas C2 cleavage is affected mainly by the serine protease domain. Evidence is also provided that the carbohydrate moiety linked to the second CCP module of C1s has no significant effect on catalytic activity.
|
['Animals', 'Baculoviridae', 'Catalysis', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Complement C1s', 'Complement C4', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Humans', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Spodoptera', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 9,422,791
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[['B01.050'], ['B04.280.065', 'B04.525.100'], ['G02.130'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D08.811.277.300.290', 'D12.776.124.486.274.045.290', 'D12.776.124.486.274.050.290'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.350'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700'], ['G02.111.835']]
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['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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