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Short-course therapy with zidovudine plus lamivudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Thailand.
|
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short-course therapy with zidovudine plus lamivudine for reduction of perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a single-arm, open-label, prospective, nonrandomized study was conducted. One hundred six treatment-naive pregnant women received zidovudine (300 mg) plus lamivudine (150 mg) twice daily from week 34 of gestation until the onset of labor. During labor, zidovudine and lamivudine were given every 3 h. Neonates received zidovudine syrup for 4 weeks and were bottle fed. The median maternal virus load and CD4+ cell count at weeks 32-34 of gestation were 4.33 log10 copies/mL and 274 cells/mm3, respectively. At delivery, the mothers' mean decrease in virus load was 1.55 log10 copies/mL and the mean increase in CD4+ cell count was 93 cells/mm3, compared with enrollment levels. Three neonates were HIV-1 infected, for a transmission rate of 2.83% (95% confidence interval, 1%-8%). There were no serious adverse events in the mothers. Adverse events noted in neonates were anemia (in 6 neonates), elevated transaminase levels (in 1), and thrombocytopenia (in 3). Short-course therapy with zidovudine plus lamivudine appeared to be safe and effective for prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV-1.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical', 'Lamivudine', 'Prospective Studies', 'Thailand', 'Zidovudine']
| 12,439,805
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E02.319.283'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.335.875'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.950.500', 'D13.570.230.329.950.500', 'D13.570.230.500.925.500', 'D13.570.685.245.500.950.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['Z01.252.145.841'], ['D03.383.742.680.705.950', 'D13.570.230.500.950', 'D13.570.230.855.950', 'D13.570.685.705.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
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Excellent survival of pediatric dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in Taiwanese.
|
The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical outcome of pediatric dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) in Taiwan. Patients with DFSP diagnosed before 18 years and treated in our institute from 1977 to 2002 were identified through institutional cancer registry. After approved by institutional research ethic committee, active patient contact and linkage with National Residency Registry were done to explore their clinical outcome (Clinical Trials gov Identifier: NCT00173355). Twelve patients were identified. Pathological review confirmed DFSP for all of them. All of them underwent wide excision and none of them underwent neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. Nine patients underwent operation as initial therapy and three of them underwent salvage therapy. We recognized only one uncontrollable local recurrence and subsequent death. The 10-year and 15-year overall survival rates were 100 and 83%, respectively, without obvious complications. The prognosis of pediatric DFSP in Taiwanese was excellent.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dermatofibrosarcoma', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Taiwan']
| 17,109,179
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.350.320', 'C04.557.450.795.350.320'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Age as an independent prognostic factor for survival of localised synovial sarcoma patients.
|
BACKGROUND: We performed a retrospective nationwide study to explore age as a prognostic factor in synovial sarcoma patients.METHODS: Data on 613 synovial sarcoma patients were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. The prognostic relevance of age groups (children, adolescent and young adults (AYAs), adults, and elderly) was estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox-proportional hazards modelling.RESULTS: A total of 461 patients had localised disease at diagnosis. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 89.3±4.6%, 73.0±3.8%, 54.7±3.6%, and 43.0±7.0% in children (n=54), AYAs (n=148), adults (n=204), and elderly (n=55), respectively. Treatment modalities had no significant effect on survival in the univariable analysis. Multivariable analysis identified age at diagnosis, tumour localisation, and tumour size as significant factors affecting OS. Both tumour localisation and size were equally distributed over the age groups.CONCLUSIONS: We show that outcome of synovial sarcoma patients significantly decreases with age regardless of primary tumour site, size, and treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sarcoma, Synovial', 'Survival Rate', 'Young Adult']
| 26,554,650
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.557.450.565.835', 'C04.557.450.795.875'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Blood pressure in Navajo Indians and its association with type 2 diabetes and renal and cardiovascular disease.
|
In mid-1990 we evaluated blood pressure and its associations in 366 nondiabetic adult Navajos and 400 Navajos with type 2 diabetes attending Indian Health Service outpatient clinics in Tuba City, Arizona. In nondiabetics, systolic blood pressure (SBP) rose with increasing age while diastolic blood pressure (DBP) fell; 13.4% had hypertension by diagnosis or treatment. Female nondiabetics had lower blood pressures than males. SBP and DBP correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), and urinary albumin excretion (UAE). Hypertension was associated with a sixfold increase in nephropathy, a threefold increase in renal insufficiency, and an almost sixfold increase in cardiovascular disease. Diabetics had higher blood pressures than age- and sex-matched nondiabetics; 58.4% had hypertension by diagnosis or treatment, and, in spite of widespread antihypertensive treatment, blood pressures in almost 50% were suboptimal from the perspectives of cardiovascular and renal protection. Blood pressures of female diabetics were similar to those of males. Blood pressures correlated with age, BMI, and increasing UAE. Rates of nephropathy and cardiovascular disease were much higher in diabetics than nondiabetics, and within the diabetic population hypertension was associated with a greater than threefold increase in nephropathy, an eightfold increase in renal insufficiency, a five-fold increase in peripheral and cerebrovascular disease, and more than doubling of the rate of heart disease. The relationship of blood pressure to renal and cardiovascular disease suggest similar mechanisms in nondiabetics and diabetics, with diabetes contributing an accentuated susceptibility. Albuminuria and cardiac disease are generated at "subhypertensive" blood pressures, while established hypertension appears to drive overt renal, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular disease, and to further increase heart disease risk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Albuminuria', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Diabetic Nephropathies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Indians, North American', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 8,031,547
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C12.777.934.734.269', 'C13.351.968.934.734.269', 'C23.888.942.750.269'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C14'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['C12.777.419.192', 'C13.351.968.419.192', 'C19.246.099.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.508.150.600'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
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Calcinosis in juvenile dermatomyositis is influenced by both anti-NXP2 autoantibody status and age at disease onset.
|
OBJECTIVE: Calcinosis is a major cause of morbidity in JDM and has previously been linked to anti-NXP2 autoantibodies, younger age at disease onset and more persistent disease activity. This study aimed to investigate the clinical associations of anti-NXP2 autoantibodies in patients with JDM stratified by age at disease onset.METHODS: A total of 285 patients with samples and clinical data were recruited via the UK Juvenile Dermatomyositis Cohort and Biomarker Study. The presence of anti-NXP2 was determined by both immunoprecipitation and ELISA. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the age-dependent relationship between anti-NXP2 and the development of calcinosis and disease activity measures.RESULTS: We identified anti-NXP2 autoantibodies in 56 patients (20%). While in all patients younger age at disease onset was associated with an increased risk of calcinosis and this relationship was nearly linear, anti-NXP2 autoantibodies substantially increased the risk of calcinosis across all ages (P = 0.025) and were detectable prior to calcinosis development. Children with anti-NXP2 autoantibodies had a greater degree of weakness (median lowest ever Childhood Myositis Assessment Score 29.6 vs 42) and were less likely to be in remission at 2 years post-diagnosis. No difference in disease activity was seen 4 years post-diagnosis.CONCLUSION: Children diagnosed at a young age have a high risk of calcinosis regardless of autoantibody status. However, the presence of anti-NXP2 autoantibodies substantially increases the risk of calcinosis across all ages and is associated with disease severity.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Age of Onset', 'Autoantibodies', 'Biomarkers', 'Calcinosis', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Dermatomyositis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Muscle Weakness', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 24,987,158
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D23.101'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D12.776.260'], ['C05.651.594.819.500', 'C10.668.491.562.575.500', 'C17.300.250', 'C17.800.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.651.515', 'C10.597.613.593', 'C23.550.695', 'C23.888.592.608.593'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
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| 0
|
Prevalence of diabetes in Mexican Americans, Cubans, and Puerto Ricans from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1982-1984.
|
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes among Mexican Americans, Cubans, and Puerto Ricans in the United States and compare these estimates to data from prior surveys for U.S. non-Hispanic whites and blacks. Data for this study are from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a multipurpose cross-sectional survey of three U.S. Hispanic populations conducted in 1982-1984. The interviewed sample of people aged 20-74 yr included 3935 Mexican Americans in the southwest, 1134 Cubans in Florida, and 1519 Puerto Ricans in the New York City area. The diabetes component consisted of interview questions on diabetes diagnosis and treatment and an oral glucose tolerance test administered to a subsample. The prevalence of diabetes was two to three times greater for Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans than for non-Hispanic whites surveyed in 1976-1980. In Cubans, the prevalence was similar to that for non-Hispanic whites. In men and women 45-74 yr of age, the prevalence of diabetes was extremely high for both Mexican Americans (23.9%) and Puerto Ricans (26.1%) compared with Cubans (15.8%) or non-Hispanic whites (12%). The total prevalence of diabetes was not significantly different for Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans but was significantly lower for Cubans. The relatively lower prevalence of diabetes among Cubans and the high prevalence in both Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans may be related to socioeconomic, genetic, behavioral, or environmental factors.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Cuba', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mexico', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Prevalence', 'Puerto Rico', 'United States']
| 1,914,812
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.107.084.900.225', 'Z01.639.880.225'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.485', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469', 'N06.850.505.616', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['Z01.107.084.900.750', 'Z01.639.880.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Adrenergic stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area on sodium and potassium excretion.
|
The effects of adrenergic stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area on sodium and potassium excretion were studied in rats bearing implanted cannulae. When noradrenaline was injected into several points of the lateral hypothalamic area, a dose-related increase in natriuresis and kaliuresis was observed. Rats previously injected through the same cannulae with alpha (Regitine) or beta (Propranolol) blocking agents showed different natriuretic responses when injected with noradrenaline. It was observed that the normal noradrenaline-induced natriuresis was abolished by the alpha-adrenergic blockers, while beta-adrenergic blockers increased the response. Intrahypothalamic injection of Isoproterenol, and activator of the beta-adrenergic receptor, induced a decrease in natriuresis, kaliuresis and urinary volume. In contrast, injection of Metaraminol, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, caused an increase in sodium and potassium excretion and a reduction of urinary volume. Drugs blocking the destruction of noradrenaline or its reuptake by the presynaptic nerve endings potentiated 2-fold the action of 20 nmol of noradrenaline. These experiments provide good evidence for the existence of an adrenergic mechanism consisting of alpha and beta receptors which works antagonistically on the regulation of sodium and potassium excretion. The excretion on the two electrolytes is stimulated by the alpha-adrenergic system, and inhibited by the beta-adrenergic system.
|
['Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hypothalamus', 'Lidocaine', 'Nialamide', 'Norepinephrine', 'Phentolamine', 'Potassium', 'Propranolol', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Adrenergic', 'Sodium']
| 870,902
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['D02.065.199.092.500', 'D02.092.146.113.092.500'], ['D03.066.349.490', 'D03.383.725.394.628'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D03.383.129.308.754'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
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|
Mutants of Micromonospora viridifaciens sialidase have highly variable activities on natural and non-natural substrates.
|
This study aimed to improve the hydrolase activity of the well-characterised bacterial sialidase from Micromonospora viridifaciens. The enzyme and its mutated versions were produced in Bacillus subtilis and secreted to the growth medium. Twenty amino acid positions in or near the active site were subjected to site-saturation mutagenesis and evaluated on the artificial sialidase substrate 2-O-(p-nitrophenyl)-á-d-N-acetylneuraminic acid and on the natural substrate casein glycomacropeptide. A considerably higher fraction of the mutants exhibited increased activity on the artificial substrate compared with the natural one, with the most proficient mutant showing a 13-fold improvement in kcat/Km. In contrast, no mutants displayed more than a 2-fold increase in activity on the natural substrate. To gain further insight into this important discrepancy, we analysed the stability of mutants using the PoPMuSiC software, a property that also correlates with the potential for introducing chemical variation, after validating the method with a set of experimental stability estimates. We found a significant correlation between improved hydrolase activity on the artificial substrate and reduced apparent stability. Together with the minor improvement on the natural substrate this shows an important difference between naturally evolved functionality and new laboratory functionality. Our results suggest that when engineering sialidases and potentially other proteins towards non-natural substrates that are not optimized by natural evolution, major changes in chemical properties are advantageous, and these changes tend to correlate with decreased stability, partly explaining commonly observed trade-offs between stability and proficiency.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Micromonospora', 'Muramic Acids', 'Mutation', 'Neuraminidase', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 25,573,534
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B03.300.390.400.500.500', 'B03.510.024.925.500', 'B03.510.415.400.500.500', 'B03.510.460.410.500.500'], ['D02.241.081.844.520', 'D02.241.511.902.522', 'D09.067.550', 'D09.811.522'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.277.450.692'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Specific high-affinity binding of the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate to isolated nuclei and nuclear macromolecules in mouse epidermis.
|
The tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) binds reversibly and with high affinity and specificity to nuclear macromolecules in mouse epidermis. The dissociation constants determined from Scatchard analysis of epidermal nuclei and nuclear macromolecules are 3.58 +/- 0.66 (S.E.) and 2.18 +/- 0.54 nM, respectively. The solubilization of TPA receptors from epidermal nuclei by DNase I was examined. Following a 20-min digestion at 22 degrees, more than a 2-fold increase in specific TPA binding was observed in the supernatant relative to non-nuclease-treated nuclei (0.71 versus 0.32 pmol/mg protein, respectively). Our data indicate that epidermal nuclei contain saturable and specific TPA-binding macromolecules and that these binding components may be associated with regions of chromatin that are preferentially susceptible to nucleolytic cleavage. These data suggest the existence of nuclear receptors for the phorbol ester tumor promoters. These observations may necessitate a more critical assessment of plasma membrane binding as the sole binding site responsible for triggering the multistep process of tumor promotion in mouse epidermis.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chromatin', 'DNA', 'Deoxyribonuclease I', 'Deoxyribonucleases', 'Endonucleases', 'Epidermis', 'Female', 'Mice', 'Phorbols', 'Proteins', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate']
| 6,286,108
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.242.251'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.277.352.335.350.250'], ['D08.811.277.352.335'], ['D08.811.277.352.355'], ['A10.272.497', 'A17.815.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D02.455.849.291.500'], ['D12.776'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Floating pellets containing bacterial antagonist for control sheath blight of rice: formulations, viability and bacterial release studies.
|
Floating pellets containing spores of bacterial biological control agent, Bacillus megaterium were prepared by extrusion-spheronization process. The formulations composed of hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO), lactose, microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel(R) PH101), and a disintegrant; cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Ac-Di-Sol(R)). The finishing pellets contained bacteria ranging from 10(7) to 10(8) CFU/g and the viability of bacteria in all formulations remained high after 6 months storage. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe endospores of B. megaterium on both the surface and the inside of the pellets. The formulations were tested for their physical properties, floating ability and bacterial release. The level of disintegrant in the formulations influenced the floating ability and the liberation of antagonistic bacteria from pellets. The bacterial pellets showed promising result in suppression of the development of sheath blight lesions in greenhouse experiment.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacillus megaterium', 'Cell Survival', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Drug Carriers', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Implants', 'Rhizoctonia', 'Technology, Pharmaceutical']
| 15,023,457
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.500', 'B03.353.500.100.218.500', 'B03.510.100.100.218.500', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.500', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.500'], ['G04.346'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D26.255.210.315'], ['B01.300.381.740'], ['E05.916', 'J01.897.836']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outbreaks of Bemisia tabaci
|
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most important agricultural pests and virus vectors worldwide. Bemisia tabaci is considered a complex of cryptic species with at least 44 species. Among them, the species Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1, formerly B biotype) and Mediterranean (MED, formerly Q biotype) are the most important, and they have attained global status. In Brazil, MEAM1 was first reported in the 1990s and is currently the predominant species in the country, meanwhile, MED was recently reported in the South and Southeast regions and was found to be mainly associated with ornamental plants. Currently, an increasing problem in the management of whitefly infestations in greenhouses associated with bell pepper was observed in S?o Paulo State, Brazil. The whiteflies were collected and identified based on a microsatellite locus (primer pair BEM23F and BEM23R) and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing. We observed that MED was the predominant species collected on bell pepper, but it was also found on tomato, cucumber, eggplant, and weeds grown in greenhouses. In open field, we found MED on tomatoes, bell peppers, and eggplants. In addition, MED was identified in Goi?s State in association with ornamental plants. The begomovirus Tomato severe rugose virus and the crinivirus Tomato chlorosis virus was detected on bell pepper and tomato, respectively. Only MED specimens were found associated with the virus-infected plants. Moreover, we also investigated the endosymbionts present in the MED whiteflies. The collected populations of B. tabaci MED harbored a diversity of secondary endosymbionts, with Hamiltonella (H) found predominantly in 89 specimens of the 129 tested. These results represent a new concern for Brazilian agriculture, especially for the management of the newly introduced whitefly MED species, which must be implemented to limit the spreading and establishment of this pest in different crops in this country.
|
['Animals', 'Begomovirus', 'Brazil', 'Crinivirus', 'Crops, Agricultural', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Hemiptera', 'Introduced Species', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Plant Diseases', 'Symbiosis', 'Vegetables']
| 31,987,066
|
[['B01.050'], ['B04.280.350.100', 'B04.715.270.100'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B04.715.110.175', 'B04.820.578.313.175'], ['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['N06.850.290'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412'], ['B01.050.050.580', 'G16.500.275.157.049.400', 'N06.230.124.049.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['G15.610'], ['G06.550.800', 'G16.840'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Substrate binding induces a cooperative conformational change in the 12S subunit of transcarboxylase: Raman crystallographic evidence.
|
The 12S subunit of transcarboxylase is a 338 000 Da hexamer that transfers carboxlylate from methylmalonyl-CoA (MM-CoA) to biotin; in turn, the biotin transfers the carboxylate to pyruvate on another subunit, the 5S. Here, Raman difference microscopy is used to study the binding of substrate and product, and their analogues, to single crystals of 12S. A single crystal is the medium of choice because it provides Raman data of unprecedented quality. Crystalline ligand-protein complexes were formed by cocrystallization or by the soaking in/soaking out method. Raman difference spectra were obtained by subtracting the spectrum of the apo crystal from that of a crystal with the substrate or product bound. Raman difference spectra from crystals with the substrate bound are dominated by bands from the protein's amide bonds and aromatic side chain residues. In contrast, Raman difference spectra involving the product, propionyl-CoA, are dominated by modes from the ligand. These results show that substrate binding triggers a conformational change in 12S, whereas product binding does not. The conformational change involves an increase in the amount of alpha-helix since markers for this secondary structure are prominent in the difference spectra of the substrate complex. The number of MM-CoA ligands bound per 12S hexamer can be gauged from the intensity of the MM-CoA Raman features and the fact that the protein concentration in the crystals is known from X-ray crystallographic data. Most crystal samples had six MM-CoAs per hexamer although a few, from different soaking experiments, contained only 1-2. However, both sets of crystals showed the same degree of protein conformational change, indicating that the change induced by the substrate is cooperative. This effect allowed us to record the Raman spectrum of bound MM-CoA without interference from protein modes; the Raman spectrum of a 12S crystal containing 2 MM-CoA ligands per hexamer was subtracted from the Raman spectrum of a 12S crystal containing six MM-CoA ligands per hexamer. The conformational change is reversible and can be controlled by soaking out or soaking in the ligand, using either concentrated ammonium sulfate solutions or the solution used in the crystallization trials. Malonyl-CoA also binds to 12S crystals and brings about conformational changes identical to those seen for MM-CoA; in addition, butyryl-CoA binds and behaves in a manner similar to propionyl-CoA. These data implicate the -COO- group on MM-CoA (that is transferred to biotin in the reaction on the intact enzyme) as the agent bringing about the cooperative conformational change in 12S.
|
['Acyl Coenzyme A', 'Binding Sites', 'Carboxyl and Carbamoyl Transferases', 'Crystallization', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Malonyl Coenzyme A', 'Propionibacterium', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Subunits', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 12,196,011
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.382.300', 'D08.211.211.300', 'D13.695.667.138.382.300', 'D13.695.827.068.382.300'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D08.811.913.555.275'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.382.300.500', 'D08.211.211.300.500', 'D13.695.667.138.382.300.500', 'D13.695.827.068.382.300.500'], ['B03.510.024.990.600', 'B03.510.460.400.400.600.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.813'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bacteria, phages and septicemia.
|
The use of phages is an attractive option to battle antibiotic resistant bacteria in certain bacterial infections, but the role of phage ecology in bacterial infections is obscure. Here we surveyed the phage ecology in septicemia, the most severe type of bacterial infection. We observed that the majority of the bacterial isolates from septicemia patients spontaneously secreted phages active against other isolates of the same bacterial strain, but not to the strain causing the disease. Such phages were also detected in the initial blood cultures, indicating that phages are circulating in the blood at the onset of sepsis. The fact that most of the septicemic bacterial isolates carry functional prophages suggests an active role of phages in bacterial infections. Apparently, prophages present in sepsis-causing bacterial clones play a role in clonal selection during bacterial invasion.
|
['Bacterial Physiological Phenomena', 'Bacteriophages', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Sepsis']
| 18,188,406
|
[['G06.099'], ['B04.123'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structural basis of AMPK regulation by adenine nucleotides and glycogen.
|
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central cellular energy sensor and regulator of energy homeostasis, and a promising drug target for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Here we present low-resolution crystal structures of the human á1â2ã1 holo-AMPK complex bound to its allosteric modulators AMP and the glycogen-mimic cyclodextrin, both in the phosphorylated (4.05 ?) and non-phosphorylated (4.60 ?) state. In addition, we have solved a 2.95 ? structure of the human kinase domain (KD) bound to the adjacent autoinhibitory domain (AID) and have performed extensive biochemical and mutational studies. Together, these studies illustrate an underlying mechanism of allosteric AMPK modulation by AMP and glycogen, whose binding changes the equilibria between alternate AID (AMP) and carbohydrate-binding module (glycogen) interactions.
|
['AMP-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Adenosine Monophosphate', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Allosteric Regulation', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Cyclodextrins', 'Glycogen', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Subunits']
| 25,412,657
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.085', 'D12.644.360.062', 'D12.776.476.062'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.180', 'D13.695.667.138.180', 'D13.695.827.068.180'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['G02.111.044'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D04.345.103', 'D09.301.915.400.375', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.813']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A contemporary analysis of clinical and demographic factors of chronic rhinosinusitis patients and their association with disease severity.
|
BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is highly prevalent, significantly decreases quality of life and leads to tremendous health care costs every year. No recent study has characterised the prevalence of potentially CRS-modifying patient characteristics and simultaneously shown their impact on CRS severity.AIMS: We sought to determine the prevalence of potential clinical and demographic CRS-modifying characteristics and their associations with CRS symptom severity in a large contemporary cohort of CRS patients.METHODS: Retrospective review of CRS patients who visited our rhinology clinics between February 2016 and February 2017 was conducted. CRS symptom severity was measured using the 22-item Sinonasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-22) questionnaire, which all patients received. Association was sought between SNOT-22 score (as dependent variable) and patients' clinical and demographic characteristics using linear regression.RESULTS: Of the 572 included patients, the mean age was 51.1 years (SD = 15.8) and the mean SNOT-22 score was 34.3 (SD = 22.6). Prevalence of granulomatous diseases, immunodeficiency and cystic fibrosis were each approximately 5%. Prevalence of aeroallergen hypersensitivity was 42.3% and prevalence of asthma was 27.8%. More severe CRS symptomatology was associated with smoking tobacco (adjusted â = 5.47, p = 0.034) and comorbid asthma (adjusted â = 12.02, p < 0.001), whilst less severe symptomatology was associated with older age (adjusted â = -0.23, p = 0.002) and diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (adjusted â = -11.87, p = 0.009).CONCLUSIONS: In a contemporary cohort of CRS patients, prevalence of disease-modifying comorbidities ranged from approximately 5 to over 40%. Smoking tobacco and asthma were associated with more severe CRS symptomatology, whilst older age and diagnosis of cystic fibrosis were associated with less severe CRS symptomatology.
|
['Chronic Disease', 'Comorbidity', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rhinitis', 'Sinusitis', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 28,560,517
|
[['C23.550.291.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Enlarged psoas muscle and iliopsoas bursitis associated with a rapidly destructive hip in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
|
A 39-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis developed femoral neuropathy secondary to iliopsoas bursitis. The adjacent hip joint was severely damaged. Magnetic resonance imaging showed enlargement and inflammation of the psoas muscle at the same side of iliopsoas bursitis. Iliopsoas bursitis and abnormal findings of the psoas muscle disappeared while the symptoms improved.
|
['Adult', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Bursitis', 'Femoral Neuropathy', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Psoas Muscles']
| 16,622,726
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['C05.550.251'], ['C10.668.829.500.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A02.633.567.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Primary care provider receipt of cardiac rehabilitation discharge summaries: are they getting what they want to promote long-term risk reduction?
|
BACKGROUND: Communication between cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and primary care providers (PCPs) is paramount to promoting long-term risk reduction after the completion of CR. The objectives of this study were to investigate receipt of CR discharge summaries by PCPs, as well as timing, and satisfaction with and perceptions of CR summaries.METHODS AND RESULTS: Five hundred seventy-seven eligible PCPs of consenting enrollees from 8 regional or urban Ontario CR programs were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Discharge summaries were tracked from the CR program to the PCP's office. PCPs who received a summary were mailed a survey assessing their perceptions of the summaries. Of the 138 (24.0%) eligible consenting PCPs, 71 (51.5%) received CR discharge summary, of whom 64 (90.1%) completed the survey. All PCPs desired to receive discharge summaries, with most wanting it transmitted via fax (n=38, 61.3%). Forty-seven (77.1%) PCPs reported they had or will use information in the summary for patient care. PCPs who did not receive the discharge summary in advance of their patient's first post-CR visit (n=7, 10.9%) were significantly less likely to use it in patient care (P<0.01). On a 5-point Likert scale, PCPs rated medication (4.65±0.74), patient care plan (4.43±0.87), and clinical status (4.33±0.94) as most important to include in a CR discharge summary. These were not provided in 18.8% (n=12), 4.7% (n=3), and 22.2% (n=14) of summaries, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of CR discharge summaries reach PCPs, revealing a large gap in continuity of patient care.
|
['Communication', 'Continuity of Patient Care', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Data Collection', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ontario', 'Patient Discharge', 'Physicians, Primary Care', 'Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rehabilitation Centers', 'Risk Reduction Behavior']
| 23,300,269
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['E02.760.169', 'N02.421.585.169', 'N04.590.233.727.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['M01.526.485.810.800', 'N02.360.810.795'], ['N04.761.559.650', 'N05.715.360.575.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['N02.278.808'], ['F01.145.699']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
PTBP1
|
Polypyrimidine tract-binding proteins (PTBPs) are RNA binding proteins that regulate a number of posttranscriptional events. Human PTBP1 transits between the nucleus and cytoplasm and is thought to regulate RNA processes in both. However, information about PTBP1 mRNA isoforms and regulation of PTPB1 expression remains incomplete. Here we mapped the major PTBP1 mRNA isoforms in HEK293T cells and identified alternative 5' and 3' untranslated regions (5'-UTRs, 3'-UTRs), as well as alternative splicing patterns in the protein coding region. We also assessed how the observed PTBP1 mRNA isoforms contribute to PTBP1 expression in different phases of the cell cycle. Previously, PTBP1 mRNAs were shown to crosslink to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3). We find that eIF3 binds differently to each PTBP1 mRNA isoform in a cell cycle dependent manner. We also observe a strong correlation between eIF3 binding to PTBP1 mRNAs and repression of PTBP1 levels during the S phase of the cell cycle. Our results provide evidence of translational regulation of PTBP1 protein levels during the cell cycle, which may affect downstream regulation of alternative splicing and translation mediated by PTBP1 protein isoforms.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", "5' Untranslated Regions", 'HEK293 Cells', 'Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins', 'Humans', 'Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA Isoforms', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 31,263,002
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['D13.444.735.544.875.885', 'D13.444.735.790.878.885', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.885', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.885'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['D12.776.157.725.813.750', 'D12.776.664.962.813.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.725.829.250', 'D12.776.664.962.829.250'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.064'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficacy of norfloxacin for shigellosis: a double-blind randomised clinical trial.
|
In a double-blind, randomised, clinical trial on 122 adults with acute Shigella dysentery, 60 patients were treated with norfloxacin and 62 with nalidixic acid. Of these, 32 patients in the norfloxacin group and 28 patients in the nalidixic acid group had Shigella in their stool. Patients of the two treatment groups were clinically comparable on admission. No significant differences in clinical responses were observed in the two groups among the Shigella-positive cases, Shigella-negative cases and among the total cases. All isolates of Shigella were susceptible to norfloxacin, whereas 13.8% of the strains were resistant to nalidixic acid.
|
['Adult', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Dysentery, Bacillary', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nalidixic Acid', 'Norfloxacin', 'Shigella']
| 1,430,968
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.229', 'C06.405.205.331.479', 'C06.405.469.300.479'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.612.500', 'D03.633.100.810.835.830.500'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.374'], ['B03.440.450.425.850', 'B03.660.250.150.730']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI): Experimental Quantification of Vascular Stenosis Using Stationary Stenosis Phantoms.
|
Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is able to provide high temporal and good spatial resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity. Furthermore, it is a truly quantitative method as its signal strength is proportional to the concentration of its tracer, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs). Because of that, MPI is proposed to be a promising future method for cardiovascular imaging. Here, an interesting application may be the quantification of vascular pathologies like stenosis by utilizing the proportionality of the SPIO concentration and the MPI signal strength. In this study, the feasibility of MPI based stenosis quantification is evaluated based on this application scenario. Nine different stenosis phantoms with a normal diameter of 10 mm each and different stenoses of 1-9 mm and ten reference phantoms with a straight diameter of 1-10 mm were filled with a 1% Resovist dilution and measured in a preclinical MPI-demonstrator. The MPI signal intensities of the reference phantoms were compared to each other and the change of signal intensity within each stenosis phantom was used to calculate the degree of stenosis. These values were then compared to the known diameters of each phantom. As a second measurement, the 5 mm stenosis phantom was used for a serial dilution measurement down to a Resovist dilution of 1:3200 (0.031%), which is lower than a first pass blood concentration of a Resovist bolus in the peripheral arteries of an average adult human of at least about 1:1000. The correlation of the stenosis values based on MPI signal intensity measurements and based on the known diameters showed a very good agreement, proving the high precision of quantitative MPI in this regard.
|
['Constriction, Pathologic', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Humans', 'Magnetite Nanoparticles', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio']
| 28,056,102
|
[['C23.300.287'], ['E01.370.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.512.600.500.144.500'], ['E07.671'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Oroxylin A increases the sensitivity of temozolomide on glioma cells by hypoxia-inducible factor 1á/hedgehog pathway under hypoxia.
|
Microenvironmental hypoxia-mediated drug resistance is responsible for the failure of cancer therapy. To date, the role of the hedgehog pathway in resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) under hypoxia has not been investigated. In this study, we discovered that the increasing hypoxia-inducible factor 1á (HIF-1á) activated the hedgehog pathway in hypoxic microenvironment by promoting autocrine secretion of sonic hedgehog protein (Shh), and then upregulating transfer of Gli1 to the nucleus, finally contributed to TMZ resistance in glioma cells. Oroxylin A (C16H12O5), a bioactive flavonoid, could induce HIF-1á degradation via prolyl-hydroxylases-VHL signaling pathway, resulting in the inactivation of the hedgehog. Besides, oroxylin A increased the expression of Sufu, which is a negative regulator of Gli1. By this mechanism, oroxylin A sensitized TMZ on glioma cells. U251 intracranial transplantation model and GL261 xenograft model were used to confirm the reversal effects of oroxylin A in vivo. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that HIF-1á/hedgehog pathway conferred TMZ resistance under hypoxia, and oroxylin A was capable of increasing the sensitivity of TMZ on glioma cells in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting HIF-1á/hedgehog pathway and depressing the activation of Gli1 directly.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Flavonoids', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Glioma', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Rats', 'Signal Transduction', 'Temozolomide', 'Tumor Microenvironment']
| 30,790,292
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.925.200.500', 'D03.383.129.308.240.500'], ['G04.366.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interoceptive accuracy predicts nonplanning trait impulsivity.
|
Influential theories concerning personality argue that many impulsive individuals show physiological underarousal at rest. This interoceptive state is proposed to be egodystonic, motivating impulsive maladaptive actions to enhance arousal. However, there is little empirical research on this matter. The current study tested the relationship between physiological markers of arousal, measures of interoceptive (in)sensitivity, and trait impulsivity in a nonclinical sample of young adults. Experiment 1 investigated whether individuals (N = 31) with high trait impulsivity show decreased resting measures of arousal (indexed from heart rate, heart rate variability, and sympathetic electrodermal activity). Experiment 2 assessed whether trait impulsivity is linked to interoceptive abilities (N = 60). Overall, our results do not provide any compelling support for the underarousal theory of impulsivity. However, impaired interoceptive (cardiac discrimination) accuracy predicted the degree of Barratt nonplanning impulsivity, such that individuals with a better ability to distinguish between internal (bodily) and external signals manifest lower levels of nonplanning trait impulsivity. These findings open an avenue for potential novel interventions aimed at improving planning abilities via better interoceptive discrimination.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arousal', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Galvanic Skin Response', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Interoception', 'Male', 'Personality', 'Young Adult']
| 30,702,155
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E05.796.332', 'F02.830.702.315', 'F04.669.332', 'G07.265.563', 'G13.750.415'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.527'], ['F02.463.593.465'], ['F01.752'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of submission form characteristics on clinical information received in biopsy accession.
|
Clinical information supplied to diagnostic laboratories through biopsy submission forms is crucial to accurate, timely diagnosis and to clinicopathologic correlation between microscopic findings and the clinical condition of the patient. The current study attempts to quantify the prevalence of deficient and inadequate submissions in veterinary biopsy service and to determine whether form characteristics, such as the open or closed nature of the form and the presence of specific prompts, influence reporting of essential case information. The hypotheses of this study are, first, that deficient and inadequate biopsy submissions do occur in veterinary medicine and, second, that open-type biopsy submission forms elicit quantitatively and qualitatively more complete case information overall, and in specific content areas, compared to closed-type biopsy submission forms. Three percent of submissions reviewed were information deficient, devoid of information beyond patient signalment, and more than 88% of forms supplied inadequate clinical information in at least 1 key content area. Both form type and specific prompts significantly influenced reporting of important clinical information. This study demonstrates the need and lays the foundation for informational completeness research in veterinary medicine.
|
['Animals', 'Biopsy', 'Laboratories', 'Pathology, Surgical', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Records', 'Specimen Handling', 'Veterinary Medicine']
| 22,977,112
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['J03.520', 'N02.278.487'], ['H02.403.650.510'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.308.940', 'L01.399.250.900', 'N04.452.859', 'N05.715.360.300.715', 'N06.850.520.308.940'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['H02.956']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Intraperitoneal photodynamic therapy mediated by a fullerene in a mouse model of abdominal dissemination of colon adenocarcinoma.
|
UNLABELLED: Functionalized fullerenes represent a new class of photosensitizer (PS) that is being investigated for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of various diseases, including cancer. We tested the hypothesis that fullerenes could be used to mediate PDT of intraperitoneal (IP) carcinomatosis in a mouse model. In humans this form of cancer responds poorly to standard treatment and manifests as a thin covering of tumor nodules on intestines and on other abdominal organs. We used a colon adenocarcinoma cell line (CT26) stably expressing luciferase to allow monitoring of IP tumor burden in BALB/c mice by noninvasive real-time optical imaging using a sensitive low-light camera. IP injection of a preparation of N-methylpyrrolidinium-fullerene formulated in Cremophor-EL micelles, followed by white-light illumination delivered through the peritoneal wall (after creation of a skin flap), produced a statistically significant reduction in bioluminescence and a survival advantage in mice.FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: This team of investigators report on functionalized fullerenes, to be used as photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy and demonstrate the efficacy of this method in an intraperitoneal carcinomatosis mouse model.
|
['Abdomen', 'Adenocarcinoma', 'Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Fullerenes', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Micelles', 'Peritoneum', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'Pyrrolidines']
| 21,645,643
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['D01.268.150.250', 'J01.637.512.600.612.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['A01.923.047.025.600', 'A10.615.789.596'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['D03.383.773']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus carrying the panton-valentine leucocidin genes in northern Spain.
|
OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of the Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) gene in methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus obtained in Gipuzkoa, northeastern area of the Basque Country, north-central Spain, and perform the molecular characterization of PVL-positive isolates.METHODS: Molecular studies comprised: PVL gene detection by PCR, staphylococcal chromosome cassette mec (SCCmec) typing, spa sequencing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and detection of the arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME).RESULTS: Between 1978 and 2006, only two (0.3%) of the 686 MRSA isolates studied were positive for the PVL gene. This percentage increased between 2007 and 2009, when the PVL gene was detected in 30 of the 679 MRSA (4.4%) and in nine of the 1227 MSSA (0.7%) isolates. The 41 PVL-positive isolates characterized had eight different sequence types (STs). Twenty-three MRSA PVL-positive isolates were ST8, spa type t008, seven of which were ACME positive, erythromycin-resistant and showed the PFGE pattern (90-100% similarity) of the USA300 clone. ST8 was also the most prevalent ST among the nine MSSA PVL-positive isolates.CONCLUSION: The current epidemiology of PVL-positive MRSA in our region more closely resembles that of the USA rather than that of other European countries, being USA300 or USA300-like isolates the most prevalent ones.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Exotoxins', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Leukocidins', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Epidemiology', 'Molecular Typing', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Spain', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Virulence Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 22,080,089
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.946.123'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D23.946.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D12.776.543.695.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.416', 'E05.393.522', 'H01.158.201.636.475.500', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475.500', 'H01.181.122.650.475.550', 'H02.403.720.500.300', 'N06.850.520.470'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125.457', 'E05.200.875.150.125.457', 'E05.393.542'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D23.946.896'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
In vivo MR acoustic radiation force imaging in the porcine liver.
|
PURPOSE: High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the abdomen can be sensitive to acoustic aberrations that can exist in the beam path of a single sonication. Having an accurate method to quickly visualize the transducer focus without damaging tissue could assist with executing the treatment plan accurately and predicting these changes and obstacles. By identifying these obstacles, MR acoustic radiation force imaging (MR-ARFI) provides a reliable method for visualizing the transducer focus quickly without damaging tissue and allows accurate execution of the treatment plan.METHODS: MR-ARFI was used to view the HIFU focus, using a gated spin echo flyback readout-segmented echo-planar imaging sequence. HIFU spots in a phantom and in the livers of five live pigs under general anesthesia were created with a 550 kHz extracorporeal phased array transducer initially localized with a phase-dithered MR-tracking sequence to locate microcoils embedded in the transducer. MR-ARFI spots were visualized, observing the change of focal displacement and ease of steering. Finally, MR-ARFI was implemented as the principle liver HIFU calibration system, and MR-ARFI measurements of the focal location relative to the thermal ablation location in breath-hold and breathing experiments were performed.RESULTS: Measuring focal displacement with MR-ARFI was achieved in the phantom and in vivo liver. In one in vivo experiment, where MR-ARFI images were acquired repeatedly at the same location with different powers, the displacement had a linear relationship with power [y = 0.04x + 0.83 ìm (R(2) = 0.96)]. In another experiment, the displacement images depicted the electronic steering of the focus inside the liver. With the new calibration system, the target focal location before thermal ablation was successfully verified. The entire calibration protocol delivered 20.2 J of energy to the animal (compared to greater than 800 J for a test thermal ablation). ARFI displacement maps were compared with thermal ablations during seven breath-hold ablations. The error was 0.83 ± 0.38 mm in the S/I direction and 0.99 ± 0.45 mm in the L/R direction. For six spots in breathing ablations, the mean error in the nonrespiration direction was 1.02 ± 0.89 mm.CONCLUSIONS: MR-ARFI has the potential to improve free-breathing plan execution accuracy compared to current calibration and acoustic beam adjustment practices. Gating the acquisition allows for visualization of the focal spot over the course of respiratory motion, while also being insensitive to motion effects that can complicate a thermal test spot. That MR-ARFI measures a mechanical property at the focus also makes it insensitive to high perfusion, of particular importance to highly perfused organs such as the liver.
|
['Animals', 'Calibration', 'Elasticity Imaging Techniques', 'Liver', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Respiration', 'Swine', 'Thermometers']
| 21,978,053
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.978.155'], ['E01.370.350.850.270'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E07.671'], ['G09.772.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E07.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pramipexole in progressive supranuclear palsy.
|
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no effective treatment. Dopaminergic agents occasionally produce transient symptomatic improvement. The authors report the results of pramipexole treatment (4.5 mg daily) in six patients with PSP (average disease duration, 4.4 years). Patients were treated for 2 months. Patients were evaluated with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Hoehn and Yahr stage, and Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale at baseline and 2 months. Pramipexole was not efficacious for the symptoms of PSP.
|
['Aged', 'Benzothiazoles', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Humans', 'Pilot Projects', 'Pramipexole', 'Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive', 'Thiazoles']
| 10,078,747
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.383.129.708.089', 'D03.633.100.185'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['D03.383.129.708.089.514', 'D03.633.100.185.514'], ['C10.228.140.079.882', 'C10.228.662.700', 'C10.292.562.750.500', 'C10.574.945.500', 'C10.597.622.447.690', 'C11.590.472.500', 'C23.888.592.636.447.690'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Seizures and stupor during intravenous mannose therapy in a patient with CDG syndrome type 1b (MPI-CDG).
|
MPI-CDG (formally called CDG 1b), caused by phosphomannose isomerase (MPI) deficiency, leads to hypoglycaemia, protein losing enteropathy, hepatopathy, and thrombotic events, whereas neurologic development remains unaffected. Dietary supplementation of mannose can reverse clinical symptoms by entering the N-glycosylation pathway downstream of MPI. When oral intake of mannose in patients with MPI-CDG is not possible, e.g. due to surgery, mannose has to be given intravenously. We report a patient with MPI-CDG on intravenous mannose therapy that showed severe depression of consciousness and seizures without apparent cause. EEG and cranial MRI findings were compatible with metabolic coma whereas extended laboratory examinations including repeated blood glucose measurements were normal. Importantly, an intravenous bolus of glucose immediately led to clinical recovery and EEG improvement. Mannose did not interfere with glucose measurement in our assay. We suggest that in patients with MPI-CDG, intravenous mannose infusion can lead to intracellular ATP deprivation due to several mechanisms: (1) in MPI deficiency, mannose 6-P cannot be isomerised to fructose 6-P and therefore is unavailable for glycolysis; (2) animal data has shown that accumulating intracellular mannose 6-P inhibits glycolysis; and (3) elevated intracellular mannose 6-P may induce an ATP wasting cycle of dephosphorylation and rephosphorylation ("honey bee effect"). The mannose-induced metabolic inhibition may be overcome by high-dose glucose treatment. We caution that, in patients with MPI-CDG, life-threatening central nervous system disturbances may occur with intravenous mannose treatment. These may be due to intracellular energy failure. Clinical symptoms of energy deficiency should be treated early and aggressively with intravenous glucose regardless of blood glucose levels.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Glucose', 'Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation', 'Electroencephalography', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Mannose', 'Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase', 'Phenotype', 'Seizures', 'Stupor', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 21,240,668
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['D23.101'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C16.320.565.202.125', 'C18.452.648.202.125'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G03.295'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.588'], ['D08.811.399.475.200.550'], ['G05.695'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.500', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Utility of mechanism-of-injury-based assessment and treatment: Blast Injury Program case illustration.
|
While medicine typically proceeds in a sequential fashion based on primary symptoms, sometimes relying on a parallel, mechanism-of-injury-based approach is advantageous, particularly when the mechanism of injury is associated with a variety of known sequelae. A mechanism-of-injury-based approach relies on knowledge of the typical sequelae associated with that mechanism of injury to guide assessment and treatment. Thus, it represents an active, rather than passive, case-finding approach. This article describes an example of a mechanism-of-injury-based program, namely, a Blast Injury Program at the James A. Haley Veterans Hospital in Tampa, Florida. Case examples illustrate the utility of this approach with regard to more comprehensive assessment and treatment, as well as the possibility for secondary prevention.
|
['Adult', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blast Injuries', 'Brain Injuries', 'Florida', 'Humans', 'Iraq', 'Male', 'Medical History Taking', 'Military Medicine', 'Multiple Trauma', 'Process Assessment, Health Care', 'United States', 'United States Department of Veterans Affairs', 'Veterans', 'Warfare']
| 16,320,137
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C26.120.126'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.360'], ['E01.370.510'], ['H02.403.500'], ['C26.640'], ['N04.761.559.650', 'N05.715.360.575.625'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.409.418.750.700', 'N03.540.348.500.500.700'], ['M01.930'], ['I01.880.735.950.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Molecular discrimination between Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter upsaliensis by polymerase chain reaction based on a novel putative GTPase gene.
|
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mediated DNA fingerprinting has resulted in the identification of a novel Campylobacter jejuni gene, encoding a GTPase protein. The gene, consisting of 383 amino acids contained semi-conserved GTP-binding sites (designated G-1 to G-4), that are characteristic for members of the GTPase protein superfamily. Remarkably, this gene from C. Jejuni appears to encode a member of a novel family of GTP-binding proteins, containing two separate putative GTP-binding domains, each comprising a series of semi-conserved GTP-binding motifs. Spacing between these motifs is highly conserved. Based on this novel gene, a general PCR strategy for the identification of C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari and C. upsaliensis was developed. PCR primers were deduced from GTP-binding motifs G-1 and G-3 of the first GTP-binding domain. These GTP-binding sites flank a variable region of precisely 117 bp in the four Campylobacter spp. that allowed the development of species-specific probes. This PCR-hybridization assay offers a novel tool for rapid molecular detection and specific identification of the thermophilic Campylobacter spp.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Campylobacter', 'Campylobacter coli', 'Campylobacter jejuni', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA Probes', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Analysis', 'Species Specificity']
| 9,232,616
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['B03.440.180', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500'], ['B03.440.180.200', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.100'], ['B03.440.180.425', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.375'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.393.760'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Surgical corneal light occluder made of black HEMA.
|
A safe, simple surgical light occluder made of black pigmented hydrated HEMA is described. It protects the retina from all wavelengths of light and protects the corneal epithelium against abrasion and opacities due to drying during surgery.
|
['Acrylates', 'Cornea', 'Eye Diseases', 'Eye Injuries', 'Eye Protective Devices', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Methacrylates', 'Protective Devices', 'Retina']
| 4,080,304
|
[['D02.241.081.069'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['C11'], ['C10.900.300.284.250', 'C11.297', 'C26.915.300.425.250'], ['J01.637.708.560.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D02.241.081.069.600'], ['E07.700', 'J01.637.708'], ['A09.371.729']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors Associated With Waiting Time for Breast Cancer Treatment in a Teaching Hospital in Ghana.
|
Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in Ghana. Data are limited on the predictors of poor outcomes in breast cancer patients in low-income countries; however, prolonged waiting time has been implicated. Among breast cancer patients who received treatment at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, this study evaluated duration and factors that influenced waiting time from first presentation to start of definitive treatment. Method We conducted a hospital-based retrospective study of 205 breast cancer patients starting definitive treatment at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital between May and December 2013. We used descriptive statistics to summarize patient characteristics. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman rank correlation were performed to examine the patients, health system, and health worker factors associated with median waiting time. Poisson regression was used to examine the determinants of waiting time. Results The mean age of the patients was 51.1 ± 11.8 years. The median waiting time was 5 weeks. The determinants of waiting time were level of education, age, income, marital status, ethnicity, disease stage, health insurance status, study sites, time interval between when biopsy was requested and when results were received and receipt of adequate information from health workers. Conclusion A prolonged waiting time to treatment occurs for breast cancer patients in Ghana, particularly for older patients, those with minimal or no education, with lower income, single patients, those with late disease, those who are insured, and who did not receive adequate information from the health workers. Time to obtain biopsy reports should be shortened. Patients and providers need education on timely treatment to improve prognosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Female', 'Ghana', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Regression Analysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time-to-Treatment', 'Waiting Lists']
| 27,091,222
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E02.760.928', 'N02.421.585.928'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Maintenance of undifferentiated state and self-renewal of embryonic neural stem cells by Polycomb protein Ring1B.
|
Cell lineages generated during development and tissue maintenance are derived from self-renewing stem cells by differentiation of their committed progeny. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic mechanisms, and in particular the Polycomb group (PcG) of genes, play important roles in controlling stem cell self-renewal. Here, we address PcG regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through inactivation of Ring1B, a histone H2A E3 monoubiquitin ligase, in embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) from the olfactory bulb of a conditional mouse mutant line. We show that neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation in vivo and in neurosphere assays is impaired, lacking Ring1B, and their self-renewal and multipotential abilities, assessed as sphere formation and differentiation from single cells, are severely affected. We also observed unscheduled neuronal, but not glial, differentiation of mutant stem/progenitor cells under proliferating conditions, an alteration enhanced in cells also lacking Ring1A, the Ring1B paralog, some of which turned into morphologically identifiable neurons. mRNA analysis of mutant cells showed upregulation of some neuronal differentiation-related transcription factors and the cell proliferation inhibitor Cdkn1a/p21, as well as downregulation of effectors of the Notch signaling pathway, a known inhibitor of neuronal differentiation of stem/progenitor cells. In addition, differentiation studies of Ring1B-deficient progenitors showed decreased oligodendrocyte formation in vitro and enhanced neurogenesis and reduced gliogenesis in vivo. These data suggest a role for Ring1B in maintenance of the undifferentiated state of embryonic neural stem/progenitor cells. They also suggest that Ring1B may modulate the differentiation potential of NSCs to neurons and glia.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Mice', 'Neurons', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Polycomb Repressive Complex 1', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases']
| 19,544,461
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D05.500.781.100', 'D08.811.464.938.750.280', 'D12.776.660.235.600.100', 'D12.776.664.235.800.100', 'D12.776.930.780.890.100'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D08.811.464.938.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serotonergic neurotransmission in the ventral hippocampus is enhanced by corticosterone and altered by chronic amphetamine treatment.
|
The ventral hippocampus modulates anxiety-like behavior in rats, and serotonergic transmission within the hippocampus facilitates adaptation to stress. Chronic amphetamine treatment results in anxiety-like behavior in rats and reduced monoamine concentrations in the ventral hippocampus. Since reduced hippocampal serotonergic transmission in response to stress is observed in rats that display high anxiety-like behavior, anxiety states in amphetamine-treated rats may be associated with reduced stress-related serotonergic transmission in the hippocampus. Therefore, using in vivo microdialysis in anesthetized rats, we investigated the effect of corticosterone infused locally into the ventral hippocampus on serotonergic transmission, and the effect of chronic amphetamine pretreatment on corticosteroid receptor protein expression and the corticosterone-induced serotonergic response. Extracellular serotonin in the ventral hippocampus was increased by corticosterone in drug naive rats, and this corticosterone-induced serotonin augmentation was blocked by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone. Furthermore, chronic pretreatment with amphetamine abolished the serotonin response to physiologically relevant corticosterone levels and reduced glucocorticoid receptor protein expression. Together, our results suggest that chronic amphetamine exposure reduces serotonergic neurotransmission, in part via alterations to glucocorticoid receptor-facilitation of serotonin release in the rat ventral hippocampus. Reduced serotonergic activity in the ventral hippocampus may contribute to altered stress responses and adaptive coping following repeated drug exposure.
|
['Amphetamines', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'CA1 Region, Hippocampal', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Corticosterone', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Serotonin', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 21,420,472
|
[['D02.092.471.683.152'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['A08.186.211.180.405.099', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345.099'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION AND ENDOSCOPIC DISSECTION IN THE SUBMUCOSAL LAYER FOR EARLY GASTRIC CANCER].
|
The development of endoscopic techniques of surgery of patients with early gastric cancer (high and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma) by endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection with regard to their minimally invasion, high efficiency and quality of life after treatment allowed seriously establishing itself and be accepted for use in worldwide.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Endosonography', 'Female', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Gastroscopy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,242,153
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.850.280'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.325', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.320', 'E04.210.240.250.320', 'E04.502.250.250.250.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
CT findings in pediatric gastrointestinal ascariasis.
|
We present a case of a 9-yr-old child with gastrointestinal ascariasis. Computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrates the Ascaris roundworms as cylindrical filling defects within contrast filled bowel loops. In addition, the intestinal tract of the roundworm itself is seen as a thin thread of oral contrast within the tubular filling defect. To our knowledge, this is the first reported description of the CT findings of intestinal ascariasis in a pediatric patient.
|
['Abdominal Pain', 'Animals', 'Antinematodal Agents', 'Ascariasis', 'Ascaris lumbricoides', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Diseases', 'Mebendazole', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 9,118,070
|
[['C23.888.592.612.054', 'C23.888.821.030'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075.080'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.100.070'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.500.100.108.425'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469'], ['D02.241.081.251.415', 'D03.633.100.103.600'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A novel function for Myc: inhibition of C/EBP-dependent gene activation.
|
We have investigated the effect of the v-Myc oncoprotein on gene expression in myelomonocytic cells. We find that v-Myc dramatically down-regulates the expression of myelomonocytic-specific genes, such as the chicken mim-1 and lysozyme genes, both of which are known targets for C/EBP transcription factors. We present evidence that Myc downregulates these genes by inhibiting the function of C/EBP transcription factors. Detailed examination of the inhibitory mechanism shows that amino-terminal sequences of v-Myc, but not its DNA-binding domain, are required for the suppression of C/EBP-dependent transactivation. Our findings identify a new function for Myc and reveal a novel mechanism by which Myc affects the expression of other genes.
|
['Acetyltransferases', 'Animals', 'CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Chickens', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Down-Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Muramidase', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Oncogene Protein p55(v-myc)', 'Proteins', 'Quail', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 8,692,870
|
[['D08.811.913.050.134'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.260.108.124', 'D12.776.660.167', 'D12.776.930.127.124'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308'], ['D08.811.277.450.642'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.260.630', 'D12.776.624.664.520.750.750', 'D12.776.660.700', 'D12.776.964.700.750.750', 'D12.776.964.775.750.750'], ['D12.776'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.650'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical crown lengthening in the esthetic zone.
|
Periodontal surgical procedures consisting of gingival flaps and osseous recontouring are indicated for crown lengthening of several contiguous teeth in the esthetic zone; both in cases where restorations are required and in cases where no restorations are planned, such as in patients with excessive gingival display due to altered passive eruption. Forced tooth eruption via orthodontic extrusion is the technique of choice when clinical crown lengthening is necessary on isolated teeth in the esthetic zone.
|
['Alveolectomy', 'Alveoloplasty', 'Crown Lengthening', 'Cuspid', 'Decision Trees', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Esthetics, Dental', 'Gingiva', 'Gingivectomy', 'Gingivoplasty', 'Humans', 'Incisor', 'Orthodontic Extrusion', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Wound Healing']
| 17,915,591
|
[['E04.545.550.110', 'E06.645.550.110'], ['E04.545.550.120', 'E06.645.550.120'], ['E06.323.115', 'E06.658.578.099'], ['A14.549.167.860.200'], ['G17.162.500'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['E06.420'], ['A14.549.167.646.480'], ['E04.545.350', 'E06.645.350', 'E06.721.321'], ['E04.545.355', 'E06.645.355', 'E06.721.384'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['E06.658.578.225'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Psychological impact of burn scars on quality of life in patients with extensive burns who received allotransplant.
|
With the remarkable progress in the field of burns treatment, the outcome of extensive burns improved significantly. The increased likelihood of survival of a burn victim heightens concerns for potential psychological morbidity for the survivors. Hypertrophic scarring is devastating and can result in disfigurement that affects quality of life. To assess the impact of burn scars on the quality of life of the survivors, we used two scales: the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life and the POSAS scale for the subjective evaluation of the post-burn scars in 26 patients who suffered extensive burns and received allotransplant. A significant correlation was observed between the WHOQOL-BREF score and POSAS scale (r=-0.93, p<0.001). In conclusion, burn scar visibility and severity did have a strong relationship with the quality of life in the survivors of a major burn who received allotransplant. Therefore, more effort must be placed into developing psychosocial interventions that help survivors to accept scars, reduce depression and build a strong supportive system.
|
['Adult', 'Burns', 'Cicatrix', 'Female', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Survivors', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Young Adult']
| 22,990,550
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.200'], ['A10.165.450.300', 'C23.550.355.274', 'G16.762.891.249'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.860'], ['E04.936.664'], ['E04.936.864'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Secondary malignancies after rectal cancer resection with and without radiation therapy: A propensity-adjusted, population-based SEER analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: The relationship between radiation therapy for rectal cancer and secondary malignancies is debated. The present study is the first population-based analysis using conventional multivariable analyses as well as propensity score matching to assess this relationship.METHODS: Overall, 77,484 patients after resection of localized or locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma diagnosed between 1973 and 2012 were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry. The occurrence of secondary malignancies diagnosed at least 1 (median follow up 5.8years [1-39.9years]) year after rectal cancer diagnosis was compared in patients who did and did not undergo radiation using stratified and propensity score matched Cox regression analysis.RESULTS: Of 77,484 patients, 34,114 underwent radiation and 43,370 did not. Ignoring gender and entity, radiation therapy was not associated with secondary malignancies (hazard ratio [HR]=0.97 (95%CI: 0.92-1.02, P=0.269). The risk for prostate cancer was decreased and (HR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.36-0.48, P<0.001) and increased risk for endometrial cancer (HR=1.95, 95%CI: 1.49-2.56, P<0.001). Overall, patients undergoing radiation had higher risks for lung cancer (HR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.06-1.30, P<0.001), bladder cancer (HR=1.54, 95%CI: 1.31-1.80, P<0.001) and lymphomas (HR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.03-1.58, P=0.026).CONCLUSIONS: The present analysis describes the occurence of secondary malignancies after pelvic radiation in patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery. Indeed, radiation for rectal cancer is associated with a significantly decreased risk of prostate cancer, however, an increased risk of endometrial, lung, and bladder cancer as well as lymphomas was observed. Overall, the risk of secondary malignancies was slightly decreased with radiation in patients undergoing rectal cancer resection, this was attributable to lower rates in prostate cancer.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Second Primary', 'Propensity Score', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'SEER Program', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 28,285,840
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.692'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E05.318.308.970.725', 'N04.452.859.819.725', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700.725', 'N06.850.520.308.970.725'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Optimization of extraction procedure of psammosilene tunicoides by uniform design with pharmacodynamic index].
|
OBJECTIVE: For anti-inflammation, relieving pain and decreasing acute toxicity, the best condition for extracting procedure of Psammosilene tunicoides was chosen. And the relationships between several solvent extracts and pharmacodynamic index were studied.METHOD: Uniform design with multi-targets was used in the optimization process, and the evaluate index were the results of anti-inflammation, relieving pain and LD50 were employed as the evaluating indexes. At the same time, the contents of the extracts, water extract, acetic ester extract and ether extract were determined.RESULT: The best condition is that the medicinal material is optimized with 8 times of water (pH 6-7) and 2 h of each time. The best condition is satisfactory by test verification. And the pharmacodynamic actions of anti-inflammation, relieving pain and LD, were not obviously related to the dry extracts, water extract, acetic ester extract and ether extract.CONCLUSION: Uniform design method with pharmacodynamic index has the merit of being relaated to the function and symptom directly. The extracted twice technology condition optimized is stable, feasible and suitable for industry production. And it is not suitable to take the solvent extracts as quality control index related to the function and symptom.
|
['Animals', 'Caryophyllaceae', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Female', 'Inflammation', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Pain', 'Random Allocation']
| 19,007,005
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.198.500.250'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['C23.550.470'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of rolipram, a selective inhibitor of type 4 phosphodiesterase, on lipopolysaccharide-induced uveitis in rats.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate effects of rolipram, an inhibitor of type 4 phosphodiesterase, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced uveitis in Wistar rats.METHODS: A total of 100 microg LPS was injected into the rat footpad. Rolipram (Wako Pure Chemical, Osaka, Japan) was injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes before administration of LPS. Levels of intracameral protein, cells, E-selectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and nitrite were determined. E-selectin, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNAs and immunohistochemical reactivity of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B and TNF-alpha were also examined in the iris-ciliary body.RESULTS: After LPS injection, intracameral protein and cells increased from 18 to 30 hours later. Rolipram, however, inhibited elevation of protein and cells. After LPS injection, mRNA levels of E-selectin, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 in the iris-ciliary body increased 3 hours later, and iNOS mRNA increased 6 hours later. Elevation of mRNA levels for E-selectin, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 was inhibited by rolipram. After LPS injection, intracameral TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels increased 4 to 6 hours later, and nitrite levels increased 14 to 20 hours later. Elevation of TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels was decreased by rolipram. Rolipram did not affect iNOS mRNA and nitrite levels. Immunoreactivity of NF-kappa B was strong 1 hour after LPS injection, and was decreased by rolipram. Immunoreactivity of TNF-alpha was strong 4 hours after LPS injection and was decreased by rolipram.CONCLUSIONS: NF-kappa B translocation and expression of E-selectin, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 are involved in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced uveitis and are inhibited by rolipram. The inhibitory effect of rolipram in uveitis may be independent of iNOS synthesis.
|
["3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases", 'Animals', 'Aqueous Humor', 'Ciliary Body', 'Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4', 'E-Selectin', 'Escherichia coli', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Interleukin-6', 'Iris', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Male', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'Nitrites', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Rolipram', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Uveitis, Anterior']
| 15,277,469
|
[['D08.811.277.352.640.150', 'D12.644.360.008', 'D12.776.476.008'], ['B01.050'], ['A09.371.060.067.070', 'A12.207.270.040'], ['A09.371.060.160', 'A09.371.894.280'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.150.400', 'D12.644.360.008.400', 'D12.776.476.008.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.300', 'D12.776.503.843.300', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.300', 'D23.050.301.350.700.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A09.371.060.450', 'A09.371.894.513'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D03.383.773.812.785'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['C11.941.879.780.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of bcl-2 in reactive and neoplastic astrocytes: lack of correlation with presence or degree of malignancy.
|
The bcl-2 protooncogene encodes a 26-kD protein that extends cell survival by blocking apoptosis. This protein has been found to be overexpressed in neoplastic neural cell lines, although its expression in reactive and neoplastic astrocytes in vivo has not been well characterized. The authors hypothesized that bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in gliomas might be positively correlated with the tumor's degree of malignancy. Sixty-three gliomas of various subtypes and histological grades were immunostained by bcl-2 protein and the percentage of positive cells was quantitatively assessed. All tumors contained neoplastic cells that were immunoreactive for the bcl-2 protein (range of cell positivity 1%-53%). It was found that bcl-2 expression did not vary significantly as a function of tumor subtype or grade (p < 0.1, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on ranks) as compared to the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 (MIB-1) in which a very significant correlation with tumor grade was noted (p < 0.0000001, one-way ANOVA on ranks). In fact, the highest percentage of bcl-2 immunoreactive cells was noted in low-grade gliomas, that is, in juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas and oligoastrocytomas. The specificity of bcl-2 overexpression was also assessed in 10 nonneoplastic lesions associated with prominent reactive astrocytosis. In nine of these cases (90%), bcl-2-positive reactive astrocytes were observed, often in large numbers, whereas relatively few Ki-67 immunoreactive cells were noted. The authors conclude that bcl-2 oncoprotein expression as assessed immunohistochemically does not correlate with glial tumor type or grade and its overexpression is not confined only to neoplastic conditions. Instead, the finding of robust bcl-2 expression in low-grade glial tumors and in reactive astrocytes warrants the inference that resistance to apoptosis is a nonspecific finding in astrocytes associated with both reactive and neoplastic conditions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Apoptosis', 'Astrocytes', 'Astrocytoma', 'Cell Count', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Glioblastoma', 'Glioma', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Proto-Oncogenes']
| 7,490,615
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080.335', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Significantly higher activity of a cytoplasmic hammerhead ribozyme than a corresponding nuclear counterpart: engineered tRNAs with an extended 3' end can be exported efficiently and specifically to the cytoplasm in mammalian cells.
|
Hammerhead ribozymes were expressed under the control of similar tRNA promoters, localizing transcripts either in the cytoplasm or the nucleus. The tRNA(Val)-driven ribozyme (tRNA-Rz; tRNA with extra sequences at the 3' end) that has been used in our ribozyme studies was exported efficiently into the cytoplasm and ribozyme activity was detected only in the cytoplasmic fraction. Both ends of the transported tRNA-Rz were characterized comprehensively and the results confirmed that tRNA-Rz had unprocessed 5' and 3' ends. Furthermore, it was also demonstrated that the activity of the exported ribozyme was significantly higher than that of the ribozyme which remained in the nucleus. We suggest that it is possible to engineer tRNA-Rz, which can be exported to the cytoplasm based on an understanding of secondary structures, and then tRNA-driven ribozymes may be co-localized with their target mRNAs in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cytoplasm', 'Genetic Engineering', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA Polymerase III', 'RNA, Catalytic', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Small Nuclear', 'RNA, Transfer, Met', 'RNA, Transfer, Val']
| 11,433,023
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['E05.393.420'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270.775'], ['D08.811.797', 'D13.444.735.790.199'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.628.818', 'D13.444.735.790.552.937'], ['D13.444.735.757.700.525'], ['D13.444.735.757.700.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Technical note: A simplified PCR-based assay for the characterization of two prolactin variants that affect milk traits in sheep breeds.
|
In the present study, a rapid and cost-effective PCR-based assay was developed for the genetic identification of 2 different variants within intron 2 of the prolactin gene. This polymorphism has previously been associated with milk traits in some ovine breeds and was recently proposed as a potential marker for future breeding schemes in dairy sheep. Until now, 2 alleles (A and B) have been identified by PCR-RFLP that included HaeIII digestion of a 2.5-kb PCR fragment. By partial sequencing of the prolactin gene intron 2, it was found that the B variant results from a 23-bp deletion of the A variant of the prolactin gene and not from an extra HaeIII digestion site, as had been reported. This finding assisted the design of new primers for analysis of prolactin intron 2 variants based on the size of an easily amplified short PCR product, thereby avoiding the need and cost for additional digestions. The method was validated by genotyping 80 animals from 2 breeds and showed 100% sensitivity and specificity compared with the PCR-RFLP assay. The established simplified PCR assay was then successfully used to genotype 356 Chios sheep.
|
['Animals', 'Genotype', 'Introns', 'Lactation', 'Milk', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Prolactin', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sheep']
| 21,094,774
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Resveratrol derivatives potently induce apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia cells.
|
Resveratrol has been shown to possess antioxidant and anticancer activities, but little is known on the effect of resveratrol derivatives. Recently we have isolated resveratrol and its dimers and trimers from peony (Paeonia lactiflora) seeds, and reported their strong antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. In the present study, we have evaluated cellular effects of resveratrol derivatives; viniferin, gnetin H, and suffruticosol B on the proliferation and apoptosis in HL-60 cells in vitro. All resveratrol and its derivatives reduced viability of HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner with their IC(50) values of 20-90 microM. Ascending orders of IC(50) values were suffruticosol B, gnetin H, viniferin and resveratrol respectively. HL-60 cells treated with the four stilbenes exhibited the distinct morphological changes characteristics of cell apoptosis such as chromatin condensation, apoptotic bodies, and DNA fragmentations. A time-dependent histogram of the cellular DNA analyzed by flow cytometry revealed a rapid increase in subdiploid cells and a concomitant decrease in diploid cells exposed to 100 microM resveratrol for 0-24 h. Cells treated with 25 microM of resveratrol, viniferin, gnetin H, and suffruticosol B for 24 h resulted in increment of sub-G1 population by 51, 5, 11 and 59%, respectively. Treatment of cells with 0-20 microM resveratrol for 5 h produced a concentration-dependent decrease in cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 mRNA levels. Suffruticosol B also suppressed CYP1B1 gene expression. These results demonstrated that resveratrol oligomers also strongly suppressed HL-60 cell proliferation, and induced DNA damage. In addition, CYP1B1 gene supression may suggest an involvement in the resveratrol-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Resveratrol', 'Stilbenes']
| 14,749,523
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.244.453.005', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010'], ['G04.144'], ['D08.244.453.005.500', 'D08.244.453.100.875', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.020.875', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.100.875'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.725.875', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.715.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Significance of the upright T wave in precordial lead V1 in adults with coronary artery disease.
|
To determine the prevalence and evaluate the significance of an upright T wave in precordial lead V1, the 12 lead electrocardiograms of 218 patients undergoing diagnostic catheterization for the evaluation of chest pain were reviewed. Of this total, 184 patients had severe coronary artery disease (greater than or equal to 75% luminal narrowing) and 34 patients had minimal or no coronary artery disease. An upright T wave in lead V1 (greater than or equal to 0.15 mV) was present in 3 subjects (9%) without coronary artery disease; in 19 (20%) of 96 patients with one vessel disease; in 14 (27%) of 51 patients with two vessel disease and in 13 (35%) of 37 patients with three vessel disease. Among the patients with one vessel disease, an upright T wave was more frequent in patients with left circumflex artery disease than in patients with left anterior descending or right coronary artery disease (probability [p] less than 0.001). Among patients with two vessel disease, an upright T wave was more frequent in patients with disease of the right coronary and left circumflex coronary arteries than in the remaining patients (p less than 0.005). It is concluded that an upright T wave in precordial lead V1 is common in patients with isolated left circumflex artery disease but is rare in those with isolated left anterior descending artery disease. Similarly, in patients with multivessel disease, an upright T wave is common when the left circumflex artery is diseased. This finding, along with other noninvasive tests, may prove useful in patient evaluation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Coronary Disease', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 6,833,662
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Rule-based and information-integration category learning in normal aging.
|
The basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex play critical roles in category learning. Both regions evidence age-related structural and functional declines. The current study examined rule-based and information-integration category learning in a group of older and younger adults. Rule-based learning is thought to involve explicit, frontally mediated processes, whereas information-integration is thought to involve implicit, striatally mediated processes. As a group, older adults showed rule-based and information-integration deficits. A series of models were applied that provided insights onto the type of strategy used to solve the task. Interestingly, when the analyses focused only on participants who used the task appropriate strategy in the final block of trials, the age-related rule-based deficit disappeared whereas the information-integration deficit remained. For this group of individuals, the final block information-integration deficit was due to less consistent application of the task appropriate strategy by older adults, and over the course of learning these older adults shifted from an explicit hypothesis-testing strategy to the task appropriate strategy later in learning. In addition, the use of the task appropriate strategy was associated with less interference and better inhibitory control for rule-based and information-information learning, whereas use of the task appropriate strategy was associated with greater working memory and better new verbal learning only for the rule-based task. These results suggest that normal aging impacts both forms of category learning and that there are some important similarities and differences in the explanatory locus of these deficits. The data also support a two-component model of information-integration category learning that includes a striatal component that mediated procedural-based learning, and a prefrontal cortical component that mediates the transition from hypothesis-testing to procedural-based strategies. Implications for independent vs. interactive category learning systems are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Basal Ganglia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Psychological', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Young Adult']
| 20,547,171
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F04.711.513'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Techniques for fast stereoscopic MRI.
|
Stereoscopic MRI can impart 3D perception with only two image acquisitions. This economy over standard multiplanar 3D volume renderings allows faster frame rates, which are needed for real-time imaging applications. Real-time 3D perception may enhance the appreciation of complex anatomical structures, and may improve hand-eye coordination while manipulating a medical device during an image-guided interventional procedure. To this goal, a system is being developed to acquire and display stereoscopic MR images in real-time. A clinically used, fast gradient-recalled echo-train sequence has been modified to produce stereo image pairs. Features have been added for depth cueing, view sharing, and bulk signal suppression. A workstation was attached to a clinical MR scanner for fast data extraction, image reconstruction and stereoscopic image display.
|
['Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Mathematics', 'Neck', 'Phantoms, Imaging']
| 11,477,636
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['H01.548'], ['A01.598'], ['E07.671']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Complete sleep and local field potential analysis regarding estrus cycle, pregnancy, postpartum and post-weaning periods and homeostatic sleep regulation in female rats.
|
Sleep and local field potential (LFP) characteristics were addressed during the reproductive cycle in female rats using long-term (60-70 days) recordings. Changes in homeostatic sleep regulation was tested by sleep deprivation (SDep). The effect of mother-pup separation on sleep was also investigated during the postpartum (PP) period. First half of the pregnancy and early PP period showed increased wakefulness (W) and higher arousal indicated by elevated beta and gamma activity. Slow wave sleep (SWS) recovery was suppressed while REM sleep replacement was complete after SDep in the PP period. Pup separation decreased maternal W during early-, but increased during middle PP while did not affect during late PP. More W, less SWS, higher light phase beta activity but lower gamma activity was seen during the post-weaning estrus cycle compared to the virgin one. Maternal sleep can be governed by the fetuses/pups needs and their presence, which elevate W of mothers. Complete REM sleep- and incomplete SWS replacement after SDep in the PP period may reflect the necessity of maternal REM sleep for the offspring while SWS increase may compete with W essential for maternal care. Maternal experience may cause sleep and LFP changes in the post-weaning estrus cycle.
|
['Animals', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Homeostasis', 'Postpartum Period', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Wakefulness', 'Weaning']
| 32,444,809
|
[['B01.050'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['G07.410'], ['G08.686.702'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['F02.830.104.821', 'G11.561.035.738'], ['G07.203.650.220.500.750', 'G07.203.650.915']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physical evaluation of prototype high-performance anti-scatter grids: potential for improved digital radiographic image quality.
|
Grid evaluation for a screen-film x-ray system has typically included independent measurement of the opposing contrast improvement factor and Bucky factor. Neither of these metrics, however, is appropriate when assessing grid performance in a digital imaging environment. For digital radiographic systems, the benefit of an anti-scatter grid is well characterized by the quantum signal-to-noise ratio improvement factor (K(SNR)) provided by the grid. The purpose of this work was to measure K(SNR) of prototype grids designed for use with digital radiographic systems. The prototype grids had 5 mm tall lead septa, fiber interspace material, line rate N = 25 and 36 cm(-1) and ratio r = 15 and 21, respectively. The primary and scatter transmission properties of the grids were measured, and K(SNR) was evaluated over a phantom thickness range of 10-50 cm. To provide a comparison, the K(SNR) of similarly constructed N44r15 and N80r15 grids is also reported. K(SNR) of the prototype grids ranged from 1.4 for the 10 cm phantom to 2.4 for the 50 cm phantom. For the thickest phantom, the SNR improvement factor of the prototype grids was 18-83% higher than that of the N44r15 and N80r15 grids, respectively.
|
['Biophysical Phenomena', 'Humans', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Quality Control', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'X-Ray Intensifying Screens']
| 19,098,352
|
[['G01.154'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.671'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E07.970']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Survivin--an attractive target for RNAi in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Daudi cell line as a model.
|
RNA interference (RNAi) has been widely used in tumor gene therapy, antivirus and gene drug selection. Survivin gene is highly expressed in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) tissues and high malignancy Burkitt's lymphoma cell line-Daudi and it is regarded as a potential target of gene therapy for NHL. This study used a vector-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technique to explore the effect of RNAi-mediated survivin gene silencing on apoptosis and proliferation of Daudi cells. Recombinant plasmid survivin-shRNA was transfected into Daudi cells transiently and stably. The expression of survivin was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. The apoptosis of Daudi cells after transfection were evaluated by flow cytometry. After transfection of survivin-shRNA, the levels of survivin mRNA were significantly reduced by 64.20% (transient transfection) and 62.32% (stable transfection), respectively; The levels of survivin protein were significantly reduced by 63.50% (transient transfection) and 61.88% (stable transfection); compared with control-shRNA and PBS treated groups. Apoptosis of Daudi cells were significantly higher in the transfection group than in the control group, respectively 21.30 +/- 2.96% (transient transfection) and 19.10 +/- 2.15% (stable transfection). In conclusion, it was suggested that survivin could be an attractive target for new anti-cancer intervention of NHL and vector-based survivin-shRNA could effectively reduce the expression of survivin and induce cell apoptosis and growth inhibition of NHL cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Burkitt Lymphoma', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Silencing', 'Humans', 'Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Models, Biological', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Plasmids', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Survivin', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 17,065,009
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C01.925.256.466.313.165', 'C01.925.928.313.165', 'C04.557.386.480.150.165', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.165', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.165'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.210', 'D12.644.360.075.437', 'D12.776.476.075.437'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D12.776.624'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.360.075.437.625', 'D12.776.167.576', 'D12.776.220.600.450.495', 'D12.776.476.075.437.625'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Investigating molecular recognition and biological function at interfaces using piscidins, antimicrobial peptides from fish.
|
We studied amidated and non-amidated piscidins 1 and 3, amphipathic cationic antimicrobial peptides from fish, to characterize functional and structural similarities and differences between these peptides and better understand the structural motifs involved in biological activity and functional diversity among amidated and non-amidated isoforms. Antimicrobial and hemolytic assays were carried out to assess their potency and toxicity, respectively. Site-specific high-resolution solid-state NMR orientational restraints were obtained from (15)N-labeled amidated and non-amidated piscidins 1 and 3 in the presence of hydrated oriented lipid bilayers. Solid-state NMR and circular dichroism results indicate that the peptides are alpha-helical and oriented parallel to the membrane surface. This orientation was expected since peptide-lipid interactions are enhanced at the water-bilayer interface for amphipathic cationic antimicrobial peptides. (15)N solid-state NMR performed on oriented samples demonstrate that piscidin experiences fast, large amplitude backbone motions around an axis parallel to the bilayer normal. Under the conditions tested here, piscidin 1 was confirmed to be more antimicrobially potent than piscidin 3 and antimicrobial activity was not affected by amidation. In light of functional and structural similarities between piscidins 1 and 3, we propose that their topology and fast dynamics are related to their mechanism of action.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Fishes', 'Hemolysis', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Peptides']
| 16,815,244
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D12.644']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A morphological assessment of the efficacy of the deaggregation therapy of chronic catarrhal gingivitis].
|
Light optics, electron microscopy, morphometry were used to study the structural changes in the epithelial cells and endotheliocytes of gingival papillary capillaries of patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis after papaverin therapy. The studies have revealed signs of disappearance of intercellular edema and a higher degree of cellular differentiation; signs of normalization of transcellular fluid transport were seen in the endotheliocytes, and aggregations of formed elements of the blood disappeared.
|
['Chronic Disease', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Endothelium', 'Epithelium', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Gingiva', 'Gingivitis', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Periodontal Index']
| 1,440,670
|
[['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.186'], ['A10.272.491'], ['A10.272'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['A14.549.167.646.480'], ['C01.408', 'C07.465.714.258.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Diffuse muscular hypertrophy of esophagus.
|
Six cases of diffuse muscular hypertrophy of the esophagus are reported. The clinical diagnosis is often missed and may be confused with achalasia. Some clinical features that help distinguish this disease are a sensation of "grasping" any tube or instrument introduced into the esophagus, marked sustained elevation in the baseline pressure in the body of the esophagus over a longer segment, and poor response to forced pneumatic dilatation (in those cases in which achalasia is suspected). An interesting association was the relationship with diabetes mellitus in four of the six cases described.
|
['Aged', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Dilatation, Pathologic', 'Esophageal Achalasia', 'Esophagus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertrophy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle, Smooth']
| 3,706,372
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C19.246.099'], ['E01.171'], ['C23.300.325'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.432'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.300.775'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Preliminary study of a robotic foot-ankle prosthesis with active alignment.
|
Robotic prosthetic foot-ankle prostheses typically aim to replace the lost joint with revolute joints aimed at replicating normal joint biomechanics. In this paper, a previously developed robotic ankle prosthesis with active alignment is evaluated. It uses a four-bar mechanism to inject positive power into the gait cycle while altering the kinematics of the ankle joint and pylon segment to reduce loading on the residual limb. In a single-subject biomechanics analysis, there was a 10% reduction in peak limb pressures and evidence of greater gait symmetry in ground reaction forces when active alignment was implemented compared to walking with the daily use prosthesis. These results provide preliminary evidence that an alternative lower limb prosthesis may be capable of improving gait characteristics over traditional revolute designs.
|
['Ankle', 'Artificial Limbs', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Foot', 'Humans', 'Joint Prosthesis', 'Male', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Robotics']
| 28,814,000
|
[['A01.378.610.050'], ['E07.695.050', 'E07.858.082.050', 'E07.858.442.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.400'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Simulated microgravity exposure modulates the phenotype of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
|
Evidence from ground-based animal studies using tail-suspended hindlimb unloaded rats model has clearly demonstrated that simulated microgravity-induced smooth muscle cell phenotype conversion, a characteristic vascular structural and functional remodeling, may be one of the key contributors to postspaceflight orthostatic intolerance. However, the rats model involves multiple collective effects of microgravity including cephalic fluid shift and postural muscle unloading on smooth muscle cells (SMCs). It cannot isolate a single factor from the collective ones and therefore is not ideal to study the effects of gravitational vector alteration alone on SMCs. To test the hypothesis that gravitational vector alteration per se might affect smooth muscle cell phenotype, a roller culture apparatus was employed to expose cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) to simulated microgravity. Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, migration, and nitric oxide production rates were measured and compared between the control and the simulated microgravity groups. Cell cytoskeleton reorganization induced by simulated microgravity was observed by confocal microscopy. Specific contractile and synthetic Gene expression at the mRNA level was quantified by reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction. It was observed that simulated microgravity suppressed RASMC proliferation and migration, enhanced cell apoptosis, stimulated NO release, and destroyed the original well-organized cytoskeleton. Moreover, at the mRNA level, long-time exposure (? 72 h) to simulated microgravity induced a contractile phenotype tendency by up-regulating smMHC expression. All these findings suggest that the phenotype modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells may be gravity dependent.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Apoptosis', 'Biomarkers', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Myocytes, Smooth Muscle', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Phenotype', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Stress Fibers', 'Time Factors', 'Vimentin', 'Weightlessness Simulation']
| 23,097,024
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D23.101'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['G05.308'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['A11.620.520'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['G05.695'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.050.830'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900'], ['E05.977', 'N06.230.150.440.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Polypeptide pattern of human breast epithelial cells following human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment.
|
Numerous attempts have made to describe the particular protein pattern of malignant cells by using high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE). The placental hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) inhibits tumor initiation and progression in experimental animals and has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human breast epithelial cells (HBEC) in vitro. The inhibitory effect on the immortalized HBEC MCF-10F is accompanied by the immunocytochemical expression of inhibin alpha and beta subunits by treated cells. With the purpose of clarifying the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect, the pattern of protein synthesis and mRNA were studied by 2-D PAGE in the immortalized HBEC MCF-10F cells treated in vitro 1001U for 24 h. The effect of hCG treatment on the synthesis of MCF-10F cells was monitored by labeling both control and treated cells with [S35]methionine and separation by 2-D PAGE. At least 11 proteins were preferentially synthesized and five specific polypeptides were decreased in hCG treated cells in comparison with controls. The hCG induced at least four new mRNAs which encoded protein in the molecular mass range of 24-72 kDa. It also increased the expression of at least six mRNAs and reduced the expression of least four mRNAs in comparison with control cells. The hCG-treated cells actively synthesized a 33-kDa polypeptide which was not present in control cells. The nature of this hCG-inducible 33 kDa protein elucidated by immunoprecipating [S35]methionine-labeled proteins with antisera directed against rat inhibin subunit alpha and beta b.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Breast', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Peptides', 'Prostatic Secretory Proteins', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 7,925,253
|
[['A01.236'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776.866.249'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cachexia-anorexia-asthenia.
|
The National Cancer Institute (Canada) sponsored a workshop on symptom control in Banff, Alberta, in October 1993. This article reports on the workshop recommendations for research on one symptom complex, the cachexia-anorexia-asthenia syndrome. In addition to encouraging study generation, the recommendations provide a baseline for assessing the scope and strength of future Canadian research initiatives on cachexia-anorexia-asthenia.
|
['Anorexia', 'Asthenia', 'Cachexia', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Research', 'Syndrome']
| 7,730,686
|
[['C23.888.821.108'], ['C23.888.089'], ['C23.888.144.243.963.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['H01.770.644'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decatenation of kinetoplast DNA by topoisomerases.
|
Kinetoplast DNA is the mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomatids such as Crithidia fasciculata. This DNA is in the form of networks containing thousands of DNA circles which are apparently catenated (interlocked). Some topoisomerases, such as T4 phage topoisomerase and DNA gyrase, catalyze a decatenation of the networks to form individual covalently closed circles.
|
['Animals', 'Crithidia', 'DNA', 'DNA Topoisomerases, Type II', 'DNA, Circular', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'T-Phages']
| 6,246,090
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.268.475.868.110'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.399.403.741'], ['D13.444.308.283', 'G02.111.570.820.486.212', 'G05.360.580.156'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A11.284.835'], ['B04.123.205.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Animal model for colorectal cancer.
|
The development of a satisfactory rodent model for cancer of the large intestine began with the discovery by Laqueur and associates in 1962 that the plant product, cycasin (methylazoxymethanol glycoside), is a potent carcinogen for rodents. Soon after that, DMH, AOM, and MAM were found to be even more efficient intestinal carcinogens in rats. These three compounds, plus two direct acting carcinogens (MNNG, MNU) are used almost exclusively in current animal investigations. Although all these chemicals have some degree of activity in all rodents, they are most effective in rats. Various rat strains differ somewhat in susceptibility, Sprague-Dawley being the most sensitive to these carcinogens. Cancers of the large intestine in the animal model resemble adenocarcinomas in humans, and they spread in a similar manner except that metastases to the liver and lung are very uncommon in animals. Animal studies support epidemiological and human experimental observations of dietary factors involved in colorectal cancer formation. Most physicians believe that the majority of colorectal cancers develop from preexisting adenomas. Morson has shown that large adenomas and villous adenomas have a greater risk of developing cancer than small adenomas. Hill has theorized that there are different factors responsible for the formation of small adenomas from normal mucosa, for the growth of small to large adenomas, and for the development of cancer from large adenomas. Animal studies provide some support for this concept. Weak intestinal carcinogens tend to induce more benign adenomas than carcinomas. Very small doses of strong carcinogens also induce some adenomas and a few early polypoid intestinal cancers after a long latent period. Moderate to large amounts of DHM, for example, induce only malignant lesions even when these lesions are as small as 1 mm. These observations suggest a relationship between adenomas and carcinomas. There is also biochemical evidence to support the staged progression of carcinogenesis. An example is the graded increases in ODC activity that occur in tissues undergoing tumorigenesis.
|
['Adenoma', 'Animals', 'Carcinogens', 'Carcinoma', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Ornithine Decarboxylase', 'Rats', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Risk']
| 4,034,597
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Epididymo-orchitis due to Pseudomonas pseudomallei.
|
We report the first case of epididymo-orchitis caused by Pseudomonas pseudomallei. The diagnosis was made by isolation of the organism from testicle pus and urine. Treatment was successful with chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole.
|
['Adult', 'Epididymitis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Melioidosis', 'Orchitis']
| 6,887,385
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C12.294.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.170.531'], ['C12.294.829.493', 'C19.391.829.493']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of a 300 mT static magnetic field on human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
|
This study describes the effects of a static magnetic field (SMF) on cell growth and DNA integrity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Fast halo assay was used to investigate nuclear damage; quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), standard PCR, and real-time PCR were used to evaluate mitochondrial DNA integrity, content, and gene expression. HUVECs were continually exposed to a 300 mT SMF for 4, 24, 48, and 72 h. Compared to control samples (unexposed cultures) the SMF-exposed cells did not show a statistically significant change in their viability. Conversely, the static field was shown to be significant after 4 h of exposure, inducing damage on both the nuclear and mitochondrial levels, reducing mitochondrial content and increasing reactive oxygen species. Twenty-four hours of exposure increased mitochondrial DNA content as well as expression of one of the main genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis. No significant differences between exposed and sham cultures were found after 48 and 72 h of exposure. The results suggest that a 300 mT SMF does not cause permanent DNA damage in HUVECs and stimulates a transient mitochondrial biogenesis.
|
['Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Proliferation', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Magnetics', 'Mitochondria', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Rhodamines', 'Time Factors', 'Umbilical Veins']
| 20,623,760
|
[['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G05.200'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['A11.436.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.671.493'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D03.633.300.953.600'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A07.015.908.670.874', 'A16.378.693.807']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
ERP correlates of feedback and reward processing in the presence and absence of response choice.
|
The feedback negativity is a component of the event-related brain potential that is elicited by feedback stimuli associated with unfavorable outcomes. The present research investigated whether this component reflects an evaluation of the valence of experienced outcomes or a process of learning about actions that led to those outcomes. The latter hypothesis predicts that the feedback negativity should be observed only when negative outcomes are experienced in relation to executed actions. Contrary to this prediction, feedback negativities were observed in simple monetary gambling tasks in which participants made no active choices (experiment 1) and no overt actions (experiment 2). However, the amplitude of the component was reduced in these tasks relative to a gambling task in which the outcomes appeared to be contingent upon participants' response choices. This reduction was correlated with changes in participants' subjective ratings of involvement in the tasks, suggesting that the evaluative process indexed by the feedback negativity is sensitive to the motivational significance of ongoing events.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Choice Behavior', 'Decision Making', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Electroencephalography', 'Event-Related Potentials, P300', 'Feedback', 'Female', 'Gambling', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reinforcement, Psychology', 'Reward', 'Risk-Taking', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 15,319,308
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G07.265.216.500.350', 'G11.561.200.500.350'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['F01.145.722.408', 'F03.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F02.463.425.770'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['F01.145.722'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Streptokinase resistance test in patients with streptococcal infection and/or high antistreptolysin titers.
|
The streptokinase resistance test (SRT) has been studied in a group of patients with recent streptococcal infection and/or titres of antistreptolysin higher than 625 units. These patients generally had a higher SRT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptokinase', 'Streptolysins']
| 1,257,700
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.775', 'D12.776.124.125.662.537'], ['D12.776.543.695.937', 'D23.946.123.868', 'D23.946.350.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Parent and physician perceptions of medical home care for children with autism spectrum disorders in the state of Kentucky.
|
The medical home model of care is widely accepted as the ideal for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) but may be very difficult to implement. In this study, parents of children with autism and pediatricians caring for children with autism in Kentucky were surveyed to determine the current status of primary care services for children with ASDs. Results indicated that the majority of families and physicians were comfortable with the routine health care provided to children with ASDs, but had concerns about physician ability to provide information regarding community resources, address comorbid conditions associated with autism, and discuss treatment options. The need for physician education regarding available national and regional autism resources is clear. Creative strategies involving collaboration across medical, educational, and community systems appear to be essential for establishing effective medical homes for children with ASDs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child Development Disorders, Pervasive', 'Child, Preschool', 'Education, Medical, Continuing', 'Female', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Health Resources', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Kentucky', 'Male', 'Parents', 'Patient-Centered Care', 'Physicians', 'Social Perception', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 22,984,194
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.164'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I02.358.212.350', 'I02.358.399.250'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['N03.349.340', 'N05.300.420'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.400', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.400'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['N04.590.233.727.407'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Systolic blood pressure and short-term mortality in the emergency department and prehospital setting: a hospital-based cohort study.
|
INTRODUCTION: Systolic blood pressure is a widely used tool to assess circulatory function in acutely ill patients. The systolic blood pressure limit where a given patient should be considered hypotensive is the subject of debate and recent studies have advocated higher systolic blood pressure thresholds than the traditional 90 mmHg. The aim of this study was to identify the best performing systolic blood pressure thresholds with regards to predicting 7-day mortality and to evaluate the applicability of these in the emergency department as well as in the prehospital setting.METHODS: A retrospective, hospital-based cohort study was performed at Odense University Hospital that included all adult patients in the emergency department between 1995 and 2011, all patients transported to the emergency department in ambulances in the period 2012 to 2013, and all patients serviced by the physician-staffed mobile emergency care unit (MECU) in Odense between 2007 and 2013. We used the first recorded systolic blood pressure and the main outcome was 7-day mortality. Best performing thresholds were identified with methods based on receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and multivariate regression. The performance of systolic blood pressure thresholds was evaluated with standard summary statistics for diagnostic tests.RESULTS: Seven-day mortality rates varied from 1.8% (95% CI (1.7, 1.9)) of 112,727 patients in the emergency department to 2.2% (95% CI (2.0, 2.5)) of 15,862 patients in the ambulance and 5.7% (95% CI (5.3, 6.2)) of 12,270 patients in the mobile emergency care units. Best performing thresholds ranged from 95 to 119 mmHg in the emergency department, 103 to 120 mmHg in the ambulance, and 101 to 115 mmHg in the MECU but area under the ROC curve indicated poor overall discriminatory performance of SBP thresholds in all cohorts.CONCLUSIONS: Systolic blood pressure alone is not sufficient to identify patients at risk regardless of the defined threshold for hypotension. If, however, a threshold is to be defined, a systolic blood pressure threshold of 100 to 110 mmHg is probably more relevant than the traditional 90 mmHg.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cohort Studies', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Prognosis', 'ROC Curve', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk', 'Systole']
| 25,888,035
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N02.421.297'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pubertal changes in boys and girls in Newcastle upon Tyne.
|
669 boys and 753 girls born in 1962 and living at home were observed at approximately half-yearly intervals from 9 to 17 years of age. Mean ages of reaching various developmental stages were calculated for voice change and facial hair in boys, menarche and breast development in girls, and for axillary hair in both sexes. Peak height velocity and age at which it occurred were also calculated for both sexes. Means were generally in good agreement with those found about 15 years previously in the Harpenden Growth Study. Most pubertal changes in the present study showed gradients by social class; in boys, development was later in those with fathers in unskilled manual occupations, whereas in girls the greatest differences, where found, were between those with fathers in non-manual occupations and the remainder.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anthropometry', 'Body Height', 'Child', 'England', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Menarche', 'Puberty', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Sexual Maturation', 'Social Class']
| 7,259,098
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.760.410', 'G08.686.841.374.410'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374'], ['G08.686.815'], ['G07.345.750.750', 'G08.686.841.750'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Anemia, Micronutrient Deficiencies, and Malaria in Children and Women in Sierra Leone Prior to the Ebola Outbreak - Findings of a Cross-Sectional Study.
|
To identify the factors associated with anemia and to document the severity of micronutrient deficiencies, malaria and inflammation, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey was conducted. A three-stage sampling procedure was used to randomly select children <5 years of age and adult women from households in two strata (urban and rural). Household and individual data were collected, and blood samples from children and women were used to measure the prevalence of malaria, inflammation, and deficiencies of iron, vitamin A, folate, and vitamin B12. 839 children and 945 non-pregnant women were included in the survey. In children, the prevalence rates of anemia (76.3%; 95% CI: 71.8, 80.4), malaria (52.6%; 95% CI: 46.0, 59.0), and acute and chronic inflammation (72.6%; 95% CI: 67.5, 77.1) were high. However, the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (17.4%; 95% CI: 13.9, 21.6) was moderate, and the prevalence of iron deficiency (5.2%; 95% CI: 3.3, 8.1) and iron-deficiency anemia (3.8%; 95% CI: 2.5, 5.8) were low. Malaria and inflammation were associated with anemia, yet they explained only 25% of the population-attributable risk. In women, 44.8% (95% CI: 40.1, 49.5), 35.1% (95% CI: 30.1, 40.4), and 23.6% (95% CI: 20.4, 27.3) were affected by anemia, malaria, or inflammation, respectively. The prevalence rates of iron deficiency (8.3%; 95% CI: 6.2, 11.1), iron-deficiency anemia (6.1%; 95% CI: 4.4, 8.6), vitamin A deficiency (2.1%; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.1) and vitamin B12 deficiency (0.5%; 95% CI: 0.2, 1.4) were low, while folate deficiency was high (79.2%; 95% CI: 74.1, 83.5). Iron deficiency, malaria, and inflammation were significantly associated with anemia, but explained only 25% of cases of anemia. Anemia in children and women is a severe public health problem in Sierra Leone. Since malaria and inflammation only contributed to 25% of anemia, other causes of anemia, such as hemoglobinopathies, should also be explored.
|
['Adult', 'Anemia', 'Anemia, Iron-Deficiency', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Female', 'Folic Acid Deficiency', 'Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Micronutrients', 'Pregnancy', 'Prevalence', 'Rural Population', 'Sierra Leone', 'Urban Population', 'Vitamin A Deficiency', 'Vitamin B 12 Deficiency']
| 27,163,254
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.071'], ['C15.378.071.196.300', 'C18.452.565.100'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N06.850.290'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.308'], ['C01.925.782.417.415', 'C01.925.782.580.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D27.505.696.494', 'G07.203.300.681.500', 'J02.500.681.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N01.600.725'], ['Z01.058.290.190.725'], ['N01.600.900'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.628'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.923']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of thermosensory aging well demonstrated by cold stimulations with high temporal resolution.
|
INTRODUCTION: The method of limits (MLi) is the most commonly used paradigm to measure the threshold of thermal stimuli. However, the threshold measured by MLi is dependent on reaction time (RT). Because RT in adults increases with age, the inclusion of RT in the MLi paradigm may result in an overestimation of thermal threshold in the older individuals.METHODS: A device with a very rapid cooling rate (300°C/s) was employed to measure cool thresholds by using the method of levels (MLe), a method independent of RT, in 11 older patients and 14 younger adults.RESULTS: Compared with the MLi, the MLe resulted in a greater than 2°C gain in threshold measurement accuracy in older patients.DISCUSSION: The MLe confirmed that cool perception threshold is dependent on age. The use of MLe provides new opportunities for the study of mechanisms underlying age-associated alterations in thermal perception. Muscle Nerve 60: 141-146, 2019.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Cold Temperature', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Reaction Time', 'Sensory Thresholds', 'Thermosensing', 'Young Adult']
| 30,945,307
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.723'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.593.710'], ['F02.830.816.781', 'G07.850', 'G11.561.790.781'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Three-dimensional image-based high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy for vaginal cancer.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate dosimetric and clinical outcomes of three-dimensional (3D) image-based high-dose-rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy (HDRB) in patients with vaginal cancers.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty patients with vaginal cancers were treated with HDRB using Syed-Neblett template. CT scan was done after placement of needles for confirmation of placement and treatment planning. The target volume and organs at risk, including clinical target volume (CTV), rectum, bladder, and sigmoid colon, were contoured on CT scans. Twenty-eight (93.3%) patients received external beam radiation therapy at a median 45 (24.0-50.4)Gy in 12-28 fractions, followed by HDRB at 3.75-5.0Gy per fraction in five fractions. Total doses for CTV and organs at risk from external beam radiation therapy and HDRB were summated and normalized to a biologically equivalent dose of 2Gy per fraction.RESULTS: Seventeen patients (56.7%) with primary vaginal cancer and 13 patients (43.3%) with recurrent vaginal cancers were treated with 3D HDRB. The mean CTV was 39.3±25.7 cm(3), and the median tumor diameter was 3.3 (1.3-8.0)cm. The median biologically equivalent dose of 2Gy per fraction for 2cc of bladder, rectum, and sigmoid was 55.0, 56.3, 50.0Gy, respectively. The median D(90) for high-risk CTV was 74.3 (36.3-81.1)Gy. The mean volume receiving 100%, 150%, and 200% of prescribed dose was 90.7±10.0%, 41.3±14.6%, and 17.7±8.3%, respectively. With a median followup of 16.7 months, the respective 1-/2-year locoregional and overall survival rates were 84.4%/78.8% and 82.1%/70.2%, respectively. There were no Grade ?3 gastrointestinal complications. Late complications of Grade 3 vaginal ulceration and Grade 4 vaginal necrosis were seen in two cases.CONCLUSIONS: Initial results of 3D HDRB using our fractionation schedule in the treatment of vaginal cancers showed good local response with acceptable morbidities.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brachytherapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vaginal Neoplasms']
| 21,665,553
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.815.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.815.635', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C04.588.945.418.955', 'C13.351.500.894.834', 'C13.351.937.418.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Species richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: associations with grassland plant richness and biomass.
|
Although experiments show a positive association between vascular plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) species richness, evidence from natural ecosystems is scarce. Furthermore, there is little knowledge about how AMF richness varies with belowground plant richness and biomass. We examined relationships among AMF richness, above- and belowground plant richness, and plant root and shoot biomass in a native North American grassland. Root-colonizing AMF richness and belowground plant richness were detected from the same bulk root samples by 454-sequencing of the AMF SSU rRNA and plant trnL genes. In total we detected 63 AMF taxa. Plant richness was 1.5 times greater belowground than aboveground. AMF richness was significantly positively correlated with plant species richness, and more strongly with below- than aboveground plant richness. Belowground plant richness was positively correlated with belowground plant biomass and total plant biomass, whereas aboveground plant richness was positively correlated only with belowground plant biomass. By contrast, AMF richness was negatively correlated with belowground and total plant biomass. Our results indicate that AMF richness and plant belowground richness are more strongly related with each other and with plant community biomass than with the plant aboveground richness measures that have been almost exclusively considered to date.
|
['Biodiversity', 'Biomass', 'Computational Biology', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Genes, rRNA', 'Grassland', 'Mycorrhizae', 'Plant Roots', 'Plants', 'Saskatchewan', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 24,641,509
|
[['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645.750'], ['G16.500.275.157.531', 'N06.230.124.390'], ['A18.400.525', 'A19.690', 'B01.300.655', 'B05.550'], ['A18.400'], ['B01.650'], ['Z01.107.567.176.858'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Dislocation after hip hemiarthroplasty: anterior versus posterior capsular approach.
|
Prosthetic dislocation is a devastating complication after hip hemiarthroplasty. Posterior and anterior approaches were compared in 375 patients over a 10-year period to determine the effect of surgical approach on the rate of dislocation at 6-month follow-up. Nine (2.3%) dislocations occurred in the study population--all in the posterior group (4.5%, P < .0033). Length of stay, discharge disposition, and cognitive impairment were also compared between the two groups. In this series of proximal femoral fractures treated with hemiarthroplasty, an anterior capsular approach is associated with increased stability.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Female', 'Femoral Neck Fractures', 'Hip Dislocation', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 17,323,636
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['C26.404.061.425.500', 'C26.531.750.500', 'C26.558.276.425.500'], ['C05.550.518.384', 'C26.289.384', 'C26.531.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Long-term complications in adult spinal deformity patients having combined surgery a comparison of primary to revision patients.
|
STUDY DESIGN: This is a comparison of primary (N = 18) to revision (N = 26) combined (anterior and posterior surgery) adult spinal deformity patients with regard to late (>6 months) complications and radiographic/functional outcomes at a minimum 2-year follow-up.OBJECTIVES: To determine whether revision status increases the risk of late complications or offers a poor prognosis for functional outcome in adult deformity patients.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: It is known that patients who have combined surgery for adult deformity have a high incidence of perioperative complications. Long-term complications and the effect of revision status have not been clarified in the literature. The functional outcomes for these patients are unclear as to whether or not there is a difference between primary and revision patients. Outside the arena of adult spinal deformity the functional outcomes for revision cases have been disappointing.METHODS: A consecutive series of 44 patients who underwent combined procedures for adult spinal deformity were followed for a minimum of 2 years (average follow-up 42 months). Clinical data were obtained by chart and radiographic review. Major complications were considered to be deep wound infection, pseudarthrosis, transition syndrome, neurologic deficit, and death. Minor complications considered were asymptomatic instrumentation failure (without loss of correction), instrumentation prominence requiring removal, and proximal or distal junctional segmental kyphosis (5-10 degrees ) or subsequent disc space narrowing of 2-5 mm without clinical symptoms. The patients also completed the AAOS Lumbar/Scoliosis MODEMS questionnaires aimed at assessing pain, function, and satisfaction.RESULTS: Minor complications were comparable in both groups: 4 of 18 (22%) in the primary group and 6 of 26 (23%) in the revision group. Major complications were slightly more frequent in the primary group with five complications in 4 patients (4 of 18 patients) (22%) compared with 3 of 26 patients (12%) in the revision group. The incidence of pseudarthrosis was 22% (4 of 18) for the primary group and 4% (1 of 26) for the revision group (P< 0.14). Forty of 44 patients completed the questionnaires. The primary patients functioned at a slightly higher level after surgery than the revision group. The level of pain was also slightly lower at final follow-up in the primary group. Despite these differences, the revision group had a higher level of patient satisfaction.CONCLUSION: At a minimum 2-year follow-up the late complications were not higher in the revision patients than in the primary group. The rate of major long-term complications, specifically pseudarthroses, was higher in the primary group. Patient satisfaction was higher in the revision patients, probably because they were experiencing a greater level of perceived pain and dysfunction at the time of their reconstruction.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kyphosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Measurement', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Pseudarthrosis', 'Radiography', 'Reoperation', 'Risk Factors', 'Scoliosis', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,317,124
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.800.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789'], ['C26.404.468.627'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular characterization and chromosomal localization of DRT (EPHT3): a developmentally regulated human protein-tyrosine kinase gene of the EPH family.
|
By screening a human fetal brain cDNA expression library using a monoclonal antiphosphotyrosine antibody and by 5' RACE procedures, we have isolated overlapping cDNAs encoding a receptor-type tyrosine kinase belonging to the EPH family, DRT (Developmentally Regulated EPH-related Tyrosine kinase gene). The DRT gene is expressed in three different size transcripts (i.e. 4, 5 and 11 kb). DRT transcripts are expressed in human brain and several other tissues, including heart, lung, kidney, placenta, pancreas, liver and skeletal muscle, but the 11 kb DRT transcript is preferentially expressed in fetal brain. Steady-state levels of DRT mRNA in several tissues, including brain, heart, lung and kidney, are greater in the midterm fetus than those in the adult. DRT transcripts are detectable at low levels in a human teratocarcinoma cell line (NTera-2), but its expression is greatly increased after the NTera-2 cells are induced to become postmitotic neurons (NTera-2N) by retinoic acid treatment. These data suggest that DRT plays a part in human neurogenesis. A large number of tumor cell lines derived from neuroectoderm express DRT transcripts, including 12 neuroblastomas, two medulloblastomas, one primitive neuroectodermal tumor and six small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC). Interestingly, several neuroblastoma cell lines with 1p deletion and one SCLC cell line express DRT transcripts of aberrant size (i.e. 3, 6 and 8 kb) in addition to those found in normal tissues. We mapped the DRT gene to human chromosome 1p35-1p36.1 by PCR screening of human-rodent somatic cell hybrid panels and by fluorescence in situ hybridization. As the distal end of chromosome 1p is often deleted in neuroblastomas and altered in some cases in SCLCs, these chromosomal abnormalities may have resulted in the generation of aberrant size transcripts. Thus, the DRT gene may play a part in neuroblastoma and SCLC tumorigenesis.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Brain', 'Carcinoma, Small Cell', 'Cell Line', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Humans', 'Medulloblastoma', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptor, EphB2', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,589,679
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C04.557.470.200.380'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.235.240', 'G05.360.162.520.300.235.240'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.308.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.465.625.600.590.500', 'C04.557.470.670.380.515', 'C04.557.470.670.590.500', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.850.650', 'D12.776.543.750.630.500.500'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of thoracic endovascular aortic repair on radial strain in an ex vivo porcine model.
|
Objectives: To quantify the impact of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) on radial aortic strain with the aim of elucidating stent-graft-induced stiffening and complications.Methods: Twenty fresh thoracic porcine aortas were connected to a mock circulatory loop driven by a centrifugal flow pump. A high-definition camera captured diameters at five different pressure levels (100, 120, 140, 160, and 180 mmHg), before and after TEVAR. Three oversizing groups were created: 0-9% ( n = 7), 10-19% ( n = 6), and 20-29% ( n = 6). Radial strain (or deformation) derived from diameter amplitude divided by baseline diameter at 100 mmHg. Uniaxial tensile testing evaluated Young's moduli of the specimens.Results: Radial strain was reduced after TEVAR within the stented segment by 49.4 ± 24.0% ( P < 0.001). As result, a strain mismatch was observed between the stented segment and the proximal non-stented segment (7.0 ± 2.5% vs 11.8 ± 3.9%, P < 0.001), whereas the distal non-stented segment was unaffected ( P = 0.99). Stent-graft oversizing did not significantly affect the amount of strain reduction ( P = 0.30). Tensile testing showed that the thoracic aortas tended to be more elastic proximally than distally ( P = 0.11).Conclusions: TEVAR stiffened the thoracic aorta by 2-fold. Such segmental stiffening may diminish the Windkessel function considerably and might be associated with TEVAR-related complications, including stent-graft-induced dissection and aneurysmal dilatation. These data may have implications for future stent-graft design, in particular for TEVAR of the highly compliant proximal thoracic aorta.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Elasticity', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Stents', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Sus scrofa', 'Swine', 'Tensile Strength']
| 28,043,989
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['E07.695.110'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G01.374.590'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E07.695.750'], ['G01.374.835'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.374.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biopsy for suspected spondylodiscitis.
|
BACKGROUND: Vertebral biopsy is fundamental in determining whether a spinal lesion is of infectious or neoplastic etiology. Accurate diagnosis is critical for proper medical and/or surgical treatment and consequently for the prognosis of the patient. CT-guided percutaneous spinal biopsy (CTSB) may minimize the risk of contamination and complications.AIM: To demonstrate the importance and efficacy of CTSB and subsequent microbiologic/histological examination in the diagnosis of spinal lesions, particularly for those of an infectious nature.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two series of spinal infection patients. Prospective series of 69 patients (2009-2011), 24 of whom underwent CTSB. Retrospective series of 130 patients (1999-2008), 65 of whom underwent CTSB. All patients had microbiologic and histological testing of biopsy samples, when possible.RESULTS: For the 2009-2011 patient series, histological examination yielded a diagnosis in 81.8% of cases, microbiologic culture and PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 45.8%. For the 1999-2008 series, histological examination yielded a diagnosis in 69% of cases, culture in 38.5%. Spinal lesions in 4 patients with previous histories of malignancy were assumed to be metastatic and treated with radiation at outside institutions. After biopsy, all were revealed to be spondylodiscitis.CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous CT-guided needle biopsy is the mainstay of diagnosis for spine lesions of unknown etiology, thus guiding appropriate treatment. Histological diagnosis, when possible, is critical before initiation of therapy and may be helpful in cases where cultures are negative. In the case of a spinal lesion of unknown origin, even in the setting of a previous malignancy, metastasis should not be assumed; infection and new primary lesions should always be considered as part of the differential diagnosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bacteriological Techniques', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Discitis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteomyelitis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiography, Interventional', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 22,655,481
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.171'], ['C01.160.762.301', 'C05.116.165.762.301', 'C05.116.900.853.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.165.308.410', 'A02.835.232.834.432', 'A10.165.382.350.050'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.160.495', 'C05.116.165.495'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.700.725', 'E04.502.780'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Gender modulates the aging effects on different patterns of early repolarization.
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Distinct patterns of early repolarization (ER) are associated with ventricular fibrillation and arrhythmic death. We evaluated whether gender modulated the aging effects on different ER patterns. We studied manifestations of ER in the anterior, inferior, and lateral leads on standard 12-lead electrocardiography from male (n = 1077) and female (n = 1170) individuals of young (?44 years), middle-aged (45-64 years), and elderly (?65 years) subjects. Among a total of 2247 individuals, 543 (24.2 %) subjects had ER and 417 (18.6 %) had single-location ER. Single-location ER occurred less in lateral leads than in anterior or inferior leads (2.1, 7.8, 8.6 %, respectively, p < 0.05). Subjects with inferior ER (n = 193) were older (61 ± 14, 49 ± 14, 54 ± 16 years, respectively, p < 0.05) than those with anterior (n = 176) or lateral (n = 48) ER. In males with ER, the elderly group (n = 22) had fewer instances of anterior ER (34, 59, 80 %, respectively, p < 0.05) than middle-aged (n = 76) or young (n = 59) groups. Elderly males (n = 37) and females (n = 48) had greater instances of inferior ER (57, 32, 19 %, p < 0.05; 86, 62, 46 %, respectively, p < 0.05) than middle-aged males (n = 41) and females (n = 41), and young males (n = 14) and females (n = 12), respectively. In conclusion, gender modulates the aging effects on the occurrences of anterior ER and inferior ER.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 23,612,859
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Cytologic findings as indications: morphologic and immunohistochemical identification of human brain tissue on the clothing of a murderer].
|
A case was described in which a murder was concealed by burning the body. The suspect confessed to committing the crime after being informed that human brain tissue in form of slimy stains as well the same blood group as the victim had been identified on his clothing. Slimy stains (approx. 2 x 3 mm) were identified as brain tissue by sectioning on the cryostat together with the bits of wool fiber. Morphologically, nerve cells were clearly identifiable, particular by demonstrating Nissl's bodies. Application of anti-human serum protein and an anti-human cerebrum serum confirmed this finding and augmented it by confirming that the brain tissue was of human origin. The unusual character of this case and the methods used prompted the authors to publish these findings. The available literature is discussed.
|
['Blood Stains', 'Brain', 'Clothing', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Homicide', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 6,385,901
|
[['I01.198.780.937.206'], ['A08.186.211'], ['J01.637.215'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['I01.198.240.470', 'I01.880.735.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of different K+ concentrations on Cryptococcus neoformans phenoloxidase activity.
|
Melanin synthesis in Cryptococcus neoformans, catalyzed by phenoloxidase activity, is one of the oldest virulence factors known. However, until now, the relationship between melanin production in C. neoformans and its virulence has been poorly understood. Among different chemical compounds only Fe3+ and Cu2+ cations enhance the phenoloxidase activity in C. neoformans. A few reports in the literature describe the influence of different cations on C. neoformans phenoloxidase activity, excluding iron. In this study, 13 C. neoformans strains isolated from AIDS patients and 7 from bird droppings (B.D.), were examined in order to clarify the effect of different K+ concentrations on phenoloxidase activity. A new solid and liquid caffeic acid minimal synthetic medium (MSM-CAF) containing only caffeic acid and ferric citrate with different potassium concentrations was used to evaluate C. neoformans phenoloxidase activity. In the MSM-CAF solid medium the degree of brown pigmentation on the agar plates was read on days 1, 2 and 3 of incubation, and the pigmentation of the C. neoformans strains was classed into 5 categories. The brown pigment of the liquid MSM-CAF test tubes were checked after 24 hours of incubation by measuring the optical density (O.D.) at 480 nm. Three C. neoformans AIDS and B.D. strains, randomly chosen, were tested for phenoloxidase activity, according to the modified protocols of Polacheck et al., Torres-Guerrero et al. and Rhodes. According to the results obtained, it has been observed that K+ does not activate the phenoloxidase activity in the C. neoformans AIDS and B.D. strains. In particular, with an increase in potassium concentrations in the MSM-CAF solid and liquid medium, there was a corresponding inhibition of the phenoloxidase activity on both the C. neoformans AIDS and B.D. strains.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Animals', 'Bird Diseases', 'Birds', 'Caffeic Acids', 'Cryptococcus neoformans', 'Feces', 'Humans', 'Melanins', 'Monophenol Monooxygenase', 'Pigmentation', 'Potassium', 'Virulence']
| 12,749,580
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.131'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['D02.241.223.200.054'], ['B01.300.381.258.366', 'B01.300.930.316.366'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.072.050.875.379', 'D23.767.620'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125.500'], ['E01.370.600.620', 'G16.690'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel splicing mutation of PTCH1 in a Chinese family with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.
|
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by the development of multiple jaw keratocysts and basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and accompanied by diverse phenotypes. The establishment of diagnosis lies on the identification of a heterozygous germline pathogenic variant in the patched homolog 1 gene (PTCH1). PTCH1 has alternative splicing and selective initial coding exon, leading to three types of encoding proteins (PTCHL, PTCHM and PTCHS). The expression of each protein in NBCCS remains ambiguous, especially the importance of the first two exons in translation. Here, we report a Chinese NBCCS family of a novel PTCH1 heterozygous mutation (IVS 2, c.394+1G>T, g.10652G>T) identified by genomic sequencing and reverse-transcription-PCR as aberrant splicing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of NBCCS with a splicing site mutation in intron 2 resulting in exon 2 skipping. Our finding suggests that exon 2 plays an important role in the development of NBCCS and further speculates that the role of longer isoforms PTCHL and PTCHM is crucial in NBCCS, while that of short isoform PTCHS might be dispensable.
|
['Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome', 'Carcinoma, Basal Cell', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Patched-1 Receptor', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 30,997,576
|
[['M01.686.508.200'], ['C04.182.089.530.690.150', 'C04.557.470.200.165.150', 'C04.557.470.565.165.150', 'C04.700.175', 'C05.116.099.105', 'C05.500.470.690.150', 'C07.320.450.670.130', 'C16.131.077.130', 'C16.320.700.175'], ['C04.557.470.200.165', 'C04.557.470.565.165'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.543.750.058.500', 'D12.776.624.776.633.500'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical risk factors associated with incidence and progression of periodontal conditions in pregnant women.
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OBJECTIVES: Few large studies have investigated the progression of periodontal conditions during pregnancy in a comprehensive manner. This study aimed to identify clinical factors that were predictive of incidence/progression of periodontal measures in pregnant women adjusting for relevant predictors.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Periodontal examinations were conducted on 891 pregnant women prior to 26 weeks gestational age and within 48 h after delivery. Gingivitis/periodontitis incidence/progression (GPIP) was defined as four plus sites with 2+ mm increase in probing depth (PD) that resulted in PD of at least 4 mm at delivery. Multivariable models including relevant clinical variables and significant covariates were developed.RESULTS: While several clinical measures were significantly associated with the outcome, having >/=10% of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) and four plus sites with PD >/=4 mm (PD4) were the best two predictors of GPIP (odds ratio (OR)=2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.8-4.2; OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.4-2.9, respectively), adjusting for maternal race, age, enrollment weight, smoking during pregnancy, marital status, food stamp eligibility, and private health insurance. Multivariable models assessed the impact of BOP on the PD4-GPIP relationship. PD4 was significant in the presence of BOP (low BOP OR=1.3, 95% CI=0.5-3.3; high BOP OR=3.0, 95% CI=2.2-4.3).CONCLUSIONS: Enrollment BOP and PD4 were significant predictors of PD in pregnant women, however; PD4 is only a predictor with BOP.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Demography', 'Disease Progression', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Gingivitis', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Logistic Models', 'Middle Aged', 'Periodontal Index', 'Periodontitis', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Risk Factors', 'United States']
| 15,842,265
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['C01.408', 'C07.465.714.258.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Endonasal Endoscopic Resection and Radiotherapy in Skull Base Chordomas.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the impact combined endonasal endoscopic resection and radiotherapy for skull base chordomas.METHODS: Thirty-two patients with skull base chordomas between July 2006 and June 2015 were divided into 2 groups: the surgery alone group and the surgery with radiation therapy group.RESULTS: Gross total resection was achieved in 9 (28.1%) patients with skull base chordoma, subtotal resection was achieved in 16 (50.0%) patients, and partial resection was achieved in 7 (21.9%) patients. The progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 3 and 5 years was 44.0% and 16.5%, respectively. The overall survival (OS) rate at 3 and 5 years was 79.4% and 69.5%, respectively. Kadish staging predicted PFS and OS with statistical significance when the extent of resection was categorized into gross total resection, subtotal resection, and partial resection (P = 0.035 and P = 0.003, respectively). There was a significant OS advantage for the surgery plus radiation group compared with the surgery alone group (P = 0.035).CONCLUSION: Gross total resection can achieve very good results for the treatment of skull base chordomas. Postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy is recommended for all skull base chordomas, as it offered a higher OS rate.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chordoma', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Skull Base Neoplasms', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,564,072
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.465.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.388.250.630', 'E04.502.250.630'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.149.721.828', 'C05.116.231.754.829'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Short term 13-cis-retinoic acid treatment at therapeutic doses elevates expression of leptin, GLUT4, PPARgamma and aP2 in rat adipose tissue.
|
Temporary defects in the plasma lipid and glucose homeostasis are frequent complication accompanying chronic treatment with 13-cis-retinoic acid (13cRA). White adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ producing a variety of hormones (adipocytokines) including leptin, adiponectin, tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and angiotensin II (Ang II), which influence lipid metabolism, systemic insulin sensitivity and inflammation. To study the effect of a short-term 13cRA administration on metabolism of epididymal fat tissue, we treated Wistar rats with five identical therapeutic doses of 13cRA (0.8 mg/kg b.w.) by gavage during a period of 10 days. Expression of adiponectin, leptin, TNFalpha and selected proteins such as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2), insulin-dependent glucose transporter GLUT4, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) was investigated using RT-PCR. Short-term treatment with therapeutic doses of 13cRA caused significant increase of the aP2, PPARgamma and moderately RXRalpha gene expression. Similarly, the relative amount of mRNA for leptin and GLUT4 was increased, while the TNFa transcript was decreased after treatment with 13cRA. The gene expression and plasma concentration of adiponectin were without any significant changes. Since local adipose renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been presumed to be involved in the regulation of fat tissue metabolism, we also investigated the gene expression of RAS components in epididymal fat depot. Our data has shown that 13cRA elevated Ang II receptor type 1 (AT(1) receptor)--at both, mRNA and protein level. Thus, our results demonstrate that short-term 13cRA treatment is inducing alterations in fat tissue metabolism in relation to stimulated adipogenesis.
|
['Adipose Tissue, White', 'Animals', 'Dermatologic Agents', 'Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Glucose Transporter Type 4', 'Isotretinoin', 'Leptin', 'Male', 'PPAR gamma', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1', 'Retinoid X Receptors', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 19,212,007
|
[['A10.165.114.830'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.444'], ['D12.776.157.170'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.157.530.500.500.937', 'D12.776.157.530.937.563.937', 'D12.776.543.585.500.500.937', 'D12.776.543.585.937.625.937'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.325', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.325', 'D02.455.849.131.495.325', 'D23.767.261.700.325'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047.625', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130.750'], ['D12.776.826.701.500', 'D12.776.930.775.500'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rechallenging breast cancer with tamoxifen therapy.
|
Advanced breast cancer which has temporarily responded to a course of tamoxifen (Nolvadex) therapy may show a response a second or third time when rechallenged by the same agent subsequently. The interval between such treatments may be critical for response. The observation also has important implications in the management of recurrence in high risk patients who have received adjuvant therapy which includes tamoxifen, after their primary surgery.
|
['Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Mastectomy', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Palliative Care', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Tamoxifen']
| 6,198,122
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.466'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Possible Roles of New Mutations Shared by Asian and American Zika Viruses.
|
Originating in Africa, the Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread to Asia, Pacific Islands and now to the Americas and beyond. Since the first isolation in 1947, ZIKV strains have been sampled at various times in the last 69 years, but this history has not been reflected in studying the patterns of mutation accumulation in their genomes. Implementing the viral history, we show that the ZIKV ancestor appeared sometime in 1930-1945 and, at that point, its mutation rate was probably less than 0.2 ? 10-3/nucleotide site/year and subsequently increased significantly in most of its descendants. Sustaining a high mutation rate of 4 ? 10-3/site/year throughout its evolution, the Ancestral Asian strain, which was sampled from a mosquito in Malaysia, accumulated 13 mutations in the 3'-untranslated region of RNA stem-loops prior to 1963, seven of which generate more stable stem-loop structures and are likely to inhibit cellular antiviral activities, including immune and RNA interference (RNAi) pathways. The seven mutations have been maintained in all Asian and American strains and may be responsible for serious medical problems we are facing today and offer testable hypotheses to examine their roles in molecular interactions during brain development.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genome, Viral', 'Humans', 'Insect Vectors', 'Inverted Repeat Sequences', 'Mutation', 'Mutation Rate', 'Phylogeny', 'Phylogeography', 'RNA Stability', 'RNA, Viral', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Zika Virus', 'Zika Virus Infection']
| 28,087,772
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.325', 'G05.360.080.708.800.325'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.045.250.750', 'G05.365.590.612', 'G16.075.250.750'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['H01.158.273.343.335.500', 'H01.277.500.589'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['B04.820.578.344.350.995'], ['C01.920.500.990', 'C01.925.081.990', 'C01.925.782.350.250.990']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Apolipoprotein E allele frequencies in patients with late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's dementia in Hungary.
|
INTRODUCTION: The presence of the apolipoprotein E4 allele (apoE4) has been recognized as a risk factor for the development of presenile and senile forms of Alzheimer's dementia (AD).MATERIAL AND METHODS: The apoE alleles frequency of 71 normal controls (NC), 60 demented controls (DC) and 50 senile type AD subjects was determined by polymerase chain reaction in order to get data about the apoE polymorphism of the Hungarian AD population.RESULTS: The apoE3/3 genotype was the most common in all groups. The apoE4 frequency was significantly higher (28%) in the AD group than that was (7% and 9%) in the NC and DC populations, respectively. No apoE4 homozygotes were found in the DC group and the number of heterozygotes was lower in the DC than in the AD group.CONCLUSION: The results are in good agreement with others in the literature and support the occurrence of an increased apoE4 allele frequency in Hungarian senile AD population.
|
['Age of Onset', 'Alleles', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Base Sequence', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Hungary', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 9,048,987
|
[['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.248.495'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison between buprenorphine and pentazocine given i.v. on demand in the control of postoperative pain.
|
A double-blind comparison between buprenorphine and pentazocine was performed in 20 patients using an on demand analgesic system to provide analgesia after operation. The quality of analgesia, assessed subjectively, was good with both drugs and drug consumptions were compatible with previous potency estimates. The mean doses demanded in 24 h of buprenorphine (1.68 mg) and of pentazocine (382 mg) are consistent with those found in other trials although the between-patient variation was five- or six-fold. There was no significant difference in side-effects between the two groups. Buprenorphine and pentazocine may be used successfully in an on demand system to provide relief of severe pain after operation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Buprenorphine', 'Cholecystectomy', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Parenteral', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morphinans', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Pentazocine', 'Self Administration']
| 6,336,941
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.132.577.249.150', 'D03.605.497.150', 'D03.633.400.686.150', 'D04.615.723.795.150'], ['E04.210.120.172'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.132.577.249', 'D03.605.497', 'D03.633.400.686', 'D04.615.723.795'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['D03.132.577.249.106.700', 'D04.615.723.795.106.700'], ['E02.319.890', 'E02.900.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
European regulatory policies on medicines and public health needs.
|
The establishment of the EMEA has been a revolutionary step in the European pharmaceutical system. The 15 Member States of the European Union now share a common system for the evaluation of new medicinal products entering the European market. The decisions taken apply to the whole EU, with important implications for both industry and patients who may benefit from new therapies. The main immediate consequences of this system are: i) the time and effort saved by Member States in the evaluation of new drug applications; ii) more consistent and quicker availability of medicines in EU countries; iii) the establishment of a homogeneous regulatory policy throughout the EU. Public health has been presented as the fundamental concern of the EMEA, the mission statement of which is 'to promote the protection of human health ... and of consumers of medicinal products'. However, we note that there are some inconsistencies with this objective and the current system, such as those regarding drug trial requirements and the institutional location and financing of the EMEA. In this paper, some aspects of the new system are reviewed and consideration given as to how they relate to public health needs. Proposals are made for debate alternatives and improvements to the present system that would better respond to patients' health needs.
|
['Drug Therapy', 'European Union', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Legislation, Drug', 'Marketing of Health Services', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Public Policy', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care']
| 14,533,728
|
[['E02.319'], ['I01.615.500.475'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.605', 'N03.706.615.402'], ['J01.219.687.550', 'N03.219.463.548', 'N05.300.430.500'], ['D26'], ['I01.655.500.608', 'I01.880.604.825.608', 'N03.623.500.608'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The role of mechanical host-tumour interactions in the collapse of tumour blood vessels and tumour growth dynamics.
|
A mathematical model of residual stress evolution in a growing vascular tumour is presented, in an attempt to elucidate the poorly understood phenomenon of vascular collapse. Whereas earlier studies in this area have neglected the effects of mechanical interactions between the tumour and the surrounding host tissue, the significance of these interactions for the long-term development of a tumour is now considered. The model predicts tumour stress distributions which reflect the distinctive patterns of vascular collapse reported in experimental studies. Moreover, while neglecting mechanical host/tumour interactions results in the eventual complete regression of the tumour to its avascular dormant size in the event of vascular collapse, this new model points to the possibility of oscillations in the tumour's size in the long term.
|
['Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Neoplasms', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 16,384,586
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C04'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
NMR and MALDI-TOFMS analysis of a heteroglycan isolated from hot water extract of edible mushroom, Volvariella bombycina.
|
A water-soluble polysaccharide, isolated from the hot aqueous extract of an edible mushroom, Volvariella bombycina, consists of d-glucose, d-mannose, and d-galactose in a molar ratio 2:1:1. On the basis of total hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), and MALDI-TOFMS analysis, the repeating unit of the polysaccharide is established as [table in text].
|
['Agaricales', 'Carbohydrate Sequence', 'Hydrolysis', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Methylation', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Monosaccharides', 'Oxygen', 'Periodic Acid', 'Polysaccharides', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Temperature', 'Water']
| 18,495,096
|
[['B01.300.179.100'], ['G02.111.570.160', 'L01.453.245.667.160'], ['G02.380'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['E05.599.495'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D09.947.875'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D01.029.260.675', 'D01.475.705'], ['D09.698'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inhaled drugs as risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia.
|
The effect of inhaled drugs in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is unclear. This case-control study was designed to determine whether inhaled drugs were risk factors for CAP. All incident cases of confirmed CAP that occurred over 1 yr in patients with chronic bronchitis (CB), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma were included, as well as CB, COPD and asthma controls. Risk factors for CAP and inhaled treatment were recorded during a personal interview. An effect of inhaled drugs on the risk of CAP was observed in COPD and asthma patients after adjusting for the effect of other respiratory diseases and their concomitant treatments. In COPD patients, inhaled steroids had a risk OR of 3.26 (95% CI 1.07-9.98) and in asthma patients inhaled anticholinergics had a risk OR of 8.80 (95% CI 1.02-75.7). In CB patients, no association with CAP was observed for any inhaler. These effects were independent of adjusting variables related to severity and other respiratory and non-respiratory risk factors for CAP, including vaccines. Inhaled â(2)-adrenergic agonists did not show a significant effect on the risk of CAP in any of the respiratory diseases. Inhaled steroids may favour CAP in COPD patients, whereas anticholinergics may favour CAP in asthma patients. It is difficult to differentiate the effect of inhaled therapy from the effect of COPD or asthma severity on the risk of CAP, and these relationships may not be causal, but could call attention to inhaled therapy in COPD and asthma patients.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asthma', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cholinergic Antagonists', 'Community-Acquired Infections', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nebulizers and Vaporizers', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Steroids']
| 20,525,710
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200'], ['C01.234'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.605'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['D04.210.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Maintenance of Crohn's disease over 12 months: fixed versus flexible dosing regimen using budesonide controlled ileal release capsules.
|
BACKGROUND: It may be possible to achieve more effective management of Crohn's Disease by introducing a flexible dosage regimen sensitive to patients' needs.AIM: Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of a fixed vs. flexible budesonide controlled ileal release treatment regimen for the prevention and management of relapse in Crohn's disease patients. Budesonide controlled ileal release is an oral formulation which delivers drug directly to disease sites in the ileum and ascending colon, by preventing more proximal release and absorption.METHODS: A randomized, double-blind comparison of a fixed dose of budesonide controlled ileal release (6 mg o.m.) and a flexible dose of budesonide controlled ileal release (3, 6 or 9 mg o.m.) for 12 months, in 143 patients in remission from ileal or ileo-caecal Crohn's Disease.RESULTS: Very low rates of clinical relapse in Crohn's disease were achieved with budesonide controlled ileal release 6 mg o.m. There was no significant difference between the treatment groups with respect to the survival estimate of percentage of treatment failures (flexible group 15%, fixed group 19%; P=0.61). The average consumed dose of budesonide was comparable in both groups (5.8 mg flexible, 6.0 mg fixed). Similar proportions of patients reported adverse events (flexible 100%, fixed 97%). There were 33 serious adverse events (flexible 19, fixed 14) and 13 withdrawals due to significant adverse events (flexible 9, fixed 4).CONCLUSION: Maintenance treatment with budesonide controlled ileal release 6 mg o.m. is well-tolerated and is associated with low rates of clinical relapse in stable Crohn's disease over 12 months. Flexible dosing remains an option for individual patients, but this study has shown no advantage over a standard fixed dosing regimen.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Budesonide', 'Crohn Disease', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,552,903
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.105'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Thirty-day readmission and reoperation after surgery for spinal tumors: a National Surgical Quality Improvement Program analysis.
|
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to use a large national registry to evaluate the 30-day cumulative incidence and predictors of adverse events, readmissions, and reoperations after surgery for primary and secondary spinal tumors. METHODS Data from adult patients who underwent surgery for spinal tumors (2011-2014) were extracted from the prospective National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) registry. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors of reoperation, readmission, and major complications (death, neurological, cardiopulmonary, venous thromboembolism [VTE], surgical site infection [SSI], and sepsis). Variables screened included patient age, sex, tumor location, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical classification, preoperative functional status, comorbidities, preoperative laboratory values, case urgency, and operative time. Additional variables that were evaluated when analyzing readmission included complications during the surgical hospitalization, hospital length of stay (LOS), and discharge disposition. RESULTS Among the 2207 patients evaluated, 51.4% had extradural tumors, 36.4% had intradural extramedullary tumors, and 12.3% had intramedullary tumors. By spinal level, 20.7% were cervical lesions, 47.4% were thoracic lesions, 29.1% were lumbar lesions, and 2.8% were sacral lesions. Readmission occurred in 10.2% of patients at a median of 18 days (interquartile range [IQR] 12-23 days); the most common reasons for readmission were SSIs (23.7%), systemic infections (17.8%), VTE (12.7%), and CNS complications (11.9%). Predictors of readmission were comorbidities (dyspnea, hypertension, and anemia), disseminated cancer, preoperative steroid use, and an extended hospitalization. Reoperation occurred in 5.3% of patients at a median of 13 days (IQR 8-20 days) postoperatively and was associated with preoperative steroid use and ASA Class 4-5 designation. Major complications occurred in 14.4% of patients: the most common complications and their median time to occurrence were VTE (4.5%) at 9 days (IQR 4-19 days) postoperatively, SSIs (3.6%) at 18 days (IQR 14-25 days), and sepsis (2.9%) at 13 days (IQR 7-21 days). Predictors of major complications included dependent functional status, emergency case status, male sex, comorbidities (dyspnea, bleeding disorders, preoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome, preoperative leukocytosis), and ASA Class 3-5 designation (p < 0.05). The median hospital LOS was 5 days (IQR 3-9 days), the 30-day mortality rate was 3.3%, and the median time to death was 20 days (IQR 12.5-26 days). CONCLUSIONS In this NSQIP analysis, 10.2% of patients undergoing surgery for spinal tumors were readmitted within 30 days, 5.3% underwent a reoperation, and 14.4% experienced a major complication. The most common complications were SSIs, systemic infections, and VTE, which often occurred late (after discharge from the surgical hospitalization). Patients were primarily readmitted for new complications that developed following discharge rather than exacerbation of complications from the surgical hospital stay. The strongest predictors of adverse events were comorbidities, preoperative steroid use, and higher ASA classification. These models can be used by surgeons to risk-stratify patients preoperatively and identify those who may benefit from increased surveillance following hospital discharge.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Readmission', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality Improvement', 'Registries', 'Reoperation', 'Spinal Neoplasms', 'Spine', 'Time Factors', 'United States']
| 27,476,847
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E04.690'], ['C04.588.149.828', 'C05.116.231.828', 'C05.116.900.801'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pre-intervention cerebral blood volume predicts outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke.
|
BACKGROUND: Pre-intervention perfusion imaging is increasingly becoming part of stroke triage. Small studies supporting imaging based patient selection have been published. The goal of this larger study was to determine if perfusion imaging could impact on functional outcomes in patients undergoing stroke interventions.METHODS: All patients who had undergone endovascular therapy for anterior circulation strokes over a 7 year period were retrospectively analyzed. The pre-intervention perfusion imaging was assessed for size of cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow and mean transit time (MTT) abnormalities. A perfusion mismatch for irreversible versus reversible ischemia was based on CBV and MTT. Clinical outcome and mortality were based on the 90 day modified Rankin Scale. An analysis of the pre-intervention perfusion parameters was then performed to determine any impact on functional outcomes.RESULTS: 110 patients underwent endovascular therapy for anterior circulation strokes. A younger age and lower National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score were important clinical predictors of favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale ? 2). The extent of the CBV abnormality and percentage of CBV/MTT mismatch were the strongest imaging predictors of outcome and mortality. A CBV area of 229.5 mm(2) (± 290) was seen for favorable outcomes versus 968 mm(2) (± 1173) for poor outcomes (p<0.0001). A CBV/MTT mismatch of 91% (± 10.7) was seen for favorable outcomes versus 72.5% (± 31.6) for poor outcomes (p=0.0001). The CBV area was 273 mm(2) (± 392) in patients without mortality versus 1401.1 mm(2) (± 1310) in patients with mortality (p<0.0001). Patients who survived had a mean CBV/MTT mismatch of 90.2% (± 12.5) versus 61.1% (± 35.2) for those who did not (p<0.0001). A CBV lesion approximately greater than one-third of the middle cerebral artery distribution predicted a poor outcome and mortality.CONCLUSION: The extent of pre-intervention CBV abnormality is a strong predictor of functional outcomes following endovascular stroke therapy. This information can aid in patient selection and improve procedure efficacy.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blood Volume', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Databases, Factual', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stroke', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,434,904
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Adrenomedullin, a vasodilator peptide implicated in hemodynamic alterations of liver cirrhosis: relationship to nitric oxide.
|
This prospective cohort study was aimed at investigating the role of adrenomedullin, a potent vasodilator peptide, in liver cirrhosis and its relationship with nitric oxide and cytokines. Overall, 66 consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis and 15 controls matched for age and sex distribution were included. Adrenomedullin levels in patients with cirrhosis were higher than in controls [28.1 (23.5-34.8) vs 21.9 (21.1-26.4) pmol/liter, P = 0.002]. Child class A patients had adrenomedullin levels similar to those of controls, but lower than patients in class B and C, respectively (P = 0.01). Patients with ascites showed more elevated adrenomedullin levels than patients without (P = 0.001). Adrenomedullin levels had significant correlations with aldosterone (r = 0.55; P < 0.001), plasma renin activity (r = 0.49; P < 0.001) and nitrates-nitrites levels (r = 0.52; P < 0.001). Weak correlations were found with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6. This study shows that high levels of adrenomedullin in liver cirrhosis correlate with features associated with plasma volume expansion, and suggests that, in late stages of cirrhosis, adrenomedullin might contribute to vasodilatation by increasing the generation of nitric oxide.
|
['Adrenomedullin', 'Aged', 'Ascites', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Peptides', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 10,063,925
|
[['D06.472.699.077', 'D12.644.548.017'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.081'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.644'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Brazing joints of gold alloy used in porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations and their resistance to deflection fatigue.
|
The aim of this study was to compare the resistance to deflection fatigue of a gold alloy used in porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations with and without a brazing joint. Pre-ceramic brazing filler metal was used to join the parent specimens of gold alloy together. The deflection fatigue test was carried out mainly with 0.4 m deflection of the test specimens (n = 5) but to obtain an S-N curve for the specimens, other magnitudes of deflection, i.e. the stress, were also used. When the fracture surface of the test specimens was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the results showed that the brazing joint in the gold alloy test specimen decreases the fatigue resistance considerably compared to that of specimens without a brazing joint (P = 0.002). SEM examination showed that the failure type of the brazing joint was cohesive and that the brazing filler metal had a more porous structure than the parent gold alloy. These results suggest that, due to the occlusal biting forces in situ, the brazing joints in fixed partial dentures can be fractured by metal fatigue.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Bite Force', 'Dental Restoration Failure', 'Dental Soldering', 'Dental Stress Analysis', 'Denture, Partial, Fixed', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Gold Alloys', 'Materials Testing', 'Metal Ceramic Alloys', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Tensile Strength']
| 9,219,989
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E06.276.125'], ['E06.323.400', 'E06.780.346.725'], ['E06.912.190'], ['E06.308'], ['E06.780.346.760.943.271', 'E07.695.190.200.220.220'], ['E05.325.192'], ['D01.379.375', 'D01.552.033.533', 'D25.058.451', 'D25.339.208.534', 'J01.637.051.058.451', 'J01.637.051.339.208.534'], ['E05.570'], ['D01.552.033.690', 'D25.058.520', 'D25.339.208.720', 'J01.637.051.058.520', 'J01.637.051.339.208.720'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G01.374.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Endoscopic release of the ulnar nerve at the elbow using the Agee device: a cadaveric study.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the Agee endoscopic system (3M, Orthopedic Products, St. Paul, MN) for ulnar nerve decompression at the elbow.TYPE OF STUDY: A cadaveric study.METHODS: The ulnar nerve was identified through a 3-cm longitudinal incision between the medial epicondyle and olecranon. A release of the ulnar nerve was performed with the Agee device under endoscopic magnification. A complete open assessment of the ulnar nerve, its branching, and structures divided was performed under loupe magnification.RESULTS: In all 6 cadaveric specimens, the arcade of Struthers, the cubital tunnel retinaculum, and the flexor carpi ulnaris aponeurosis were completely divided. In all specimens, the ulnar nerve and all motor and capsular branches were preserved.CONCLUSIONS: This study has demonstrated that the Agee endoscopic ulnar nerve decompression at the elbow is both safe and effective in a cadaveric model.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This cadaveric study shows that a surgical decompression of the ulnar nerve can be safely and effectively performed with a single endoscopic portal using the Agee device.
|
['Cadaver', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Elbow Joint', 'Endoscopy', 'Humans', 'Ulnar Nerve', 'Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndromes']
| 15,944,624
|
[['C23.550.260.224'], ['E04.188'], ['A02.835.583.290'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.850'], ['C10.668.829.500.850.600', 'C10.668.829.550.925', 'C26.844.150.957']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pityriasis rubra pilaris with acantholysis.
|
Two patients developed a papulosquamous eruption in a widespread distribution which progressed with islands of sparing of uninvolved skin characteristic clinically of adult-onset pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP). Biopsies from both patients showed multiple areas of nonfollicular and follicular suprabasilar and intra-epidermal acantholysis with minimal dyskeratosis. They also showed the usual histologic features of PRP with a thickened orthokeratosis and parakeratosis, a retained and sometimes thickened granular cell layer, and psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia with a perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate in the superficial dermis. Two previous patients with PRP have been reported with nonfollicular, focal acantholytic dyskeratosis and both were interpreted as most likely representing an incidental finding. We believe the acantholysis in these two cases is related to the disease process, and in our second patient, was helpful in establishing the diagnosis.
|
['Acantholysis', 'Aged', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris']
| 8,793,664
|
[['C17.800.865.070', 'C23.550.035'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.859.600.685']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of a novel mutation in the EYA1 gene in a Korean family with branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome.
|
The branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the association of branchial cysts or fistulae, external ear malformation and/or preauricular pits, hearing loss, and renal anomalies. Mutations in the EYA1 gene on the chromosome band 8q13.3, the human homologue of the Drosophila eyes absent (eya) gene, have been identified to be the underlying genetic defects of the syndrome. We found a Korean family with BOR syndrome and identified a novel insertion mutation (c.1474_1475insC; R492PfsX40) in the EYA1 gene. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of genetically confirmed case of BOR syndrome in Korea.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8', 'DNA', 'Ear', 'Female', 'Hearing Aids', 'Hearing Loss', 'Humans', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Kidney', 'Korea', 'Mutation', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Pedigree', 'Phenotype', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 16,005,355
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C16.131.077.208', 'C16.131.260.090', 'C16.320.180.090'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.340', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.340'], ['D13.444.308'], ['A01.456.313', 'A09.246'], ['E07.305.906.500', 'E07.814.458'], ['C09.218.458.341', 'C10.597.751.418.341', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['A05.810.453'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.660'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.695'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
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