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57262d01ec44d21400f3dba4
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
The remote offshore Prelude field was discovered where?
{ "text": [ "off Australia's northwestern coast" ], "answer_start": [ 214 ] }
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57262d01ec44d21400f3dba5
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
The Prelude field was estimated to contain how many cubic feet of natural gas reserves?
{ "text": [ "3 trillion" ], "answer_start": [ 280 ] }
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57262d01ec44d21400f3dba6
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
On what developments was FLNG technology based?
{ "text": [ "liquefied natural gas (LNG)" ], "answer_start": [ 374 ] }
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57262d01ec44d21400f3dba7
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
FLNG technology faciliates what?
{ "text": [ "the exploitation of untapped natural gas reserves located in remote areas" ], "answer_start": [ 475 ] }
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5a627da5f8d794001af1c040
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
When did Royal Dutch Shell make its first investment into FLNG?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a627da5f8d794001af1c041
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
When was FLNG technology created?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a627da5f8d794001af1c042
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
What is located off Australia's southwestern coast?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a627da5f8d794001af1c043
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
Where were FLNG technologies pioneered?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a627da5f8d794001af1c044
Royal_Dutch_Shell
On 20 May 2011, Royal Dutch Shell's final investment decision for the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facility was finalized following the discovery of the remote offshore Prelude field—located off Australia's northwestern coast and estimated to contain about 3 trillion cubic feet of natural gas equ...
When was the FLNG facility built?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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57275ef9708984140094dca1
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
What did Jean Buridan create to explain the motion of projectiles?
{ "text": [ "the theory of impetus" ], "answer_start": [ 350 ] }
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57275ef9708984140094dca2
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
What school of scientific thought was challenged by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme?
{ "text": [ "Aristotelian" ], "answer_start": [ 83 ] }
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57275ef9708984140094dca3
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
What scientist is most associated with the heliocentric worldview?
{ "text": [ "Nicolaus Copernicus" ], "answer_start": [ 552 ] }
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57275ef9708984140094dca4
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
Which scholars made great advances in the theories of motion?
{ "text": [ "Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators" ], "answer_start": [ 243 ] }
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57275ef9708984140094dca5
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
Buridan's theory of impetus led to what modern concept?
{ "text": [ "inertia" ], "answer_start": [ 473 ] }
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5ad027ef77cf76001a686bf8
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
What didn't Jean Buridan create to explain the motion of projectiles?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad027ef77cf76001a686bf9
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
What did Jean Buridan destroy to explain the motion of projectiles?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad027ef77cf76001a686bfa
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
What school of scientific thought was accepted by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad027ef77cf76001a686bfb
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
What scientist is least associated with the heliocentric worldview?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad027ef77cf76001a686bfc
Late_Middle_Ages
This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of...
Which scholars made no advances in the theories of motion?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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57269f3b708984140094cbff
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What is the largest rating of an electric motor?
{ "text": [ "100 megawatts" ], "answer_start": [ 668 ] }
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57269f3b708984140094cc00
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What is the main example of a DC power source?
{ "text": [ "batteries" ], "answer_start": [ 215 ] }
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57269f3b708984140094cc01
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What does AC stand for?
{ "text": [ "alternating current" ], "answer_start": [ 262 ] }
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57269f3b708984140094cc02
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What does DC stand for?
{ "text": [ "direct current" ], "answer_start": [ 173 ] }
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57269f3b708984140094cc03
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
In what device are small motors commonly found?
{ "text": [ "electric watches" ], "answer_start": [ 379 ] }
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5ad14d10645df0001a2d1674
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What is the smallest rating of an electric motor?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad14d10645df0001a2d1675
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What is the main example of a RC power source?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad14d10645df0001a2d1676
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What does EC stand for?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad14d10645df0001a2d1677
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
What does DCC stand for?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad14d10645df0001a2d1678
Electric_motor
Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g...
In what device are large motors least commonly found?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5726b4e8f1498d1400e8e83c
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
At around what RMP do weed trimmer motors operate?
{ "text": [ "10,000" ], "answer_start": [ 466 ] }
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5726b4e8f1498d1400e8e83d
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
At around what RMP do miniature grinders operate?
{ "text": [ "30,000" ], "answer_start": [ 523 ] }
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5726b4e8f1498d1400e8e83e
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
What type of motor can universal motors operate much faster than?
{ "text": [ "SCIMs" ], "answer_start": [ 8 ] }
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5726b4e8f1498d1400e8e83f
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
What attributes make universal motors desireable for consumer applications like hair dryers?
{ "text": [ "high speed and light weight" ], "answer_start": [ 226 ] }
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5ad16431645df0001a2d197a
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
At around what RRP do weed trimmer motors operate?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad16431645df0001a2d197b
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
At around what RMR do miniature grinders operate?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad16431645df0001a2d197c
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
What type of motor can't universal motors operate much faster than?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad16431645df0001a2d197d
Electric_motor
Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
What attributes make universal motors less desirable for consumer applications like hair dryers?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5726cb58f1498d1400e8eb78
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
What is a trait of a sophisticated stepper motor?
{ "text": [ "proportionally control the power to the field windings" ], "answer_start": [ 183 ] }
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5726cb58f1498d1400e8eb79
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
What does proportinal control of the field windings in a stepper motor achieve?
{ "text": [ "rotate extremely smoothly" ], "answer_start": [ 306 ] }
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5726cb58f1498d1400e8eb7a
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
What is another name for smooth rotation?
{ "text": [ "microstepping" ], "answer_start": [ 372 ] }
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5726cb58f1498d1400e8eb7b
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
With what other device are stepper motors most versatile?
{ "text": [ "digital servo-controlled system" ], "answer_start": [ 510 ] }
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5ad16a56645df0001a2d1a5a
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
What is not a trait of a sophisticated stepper motor?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad16a56645df0001a2d1a5b
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
What doesn't proportional control of the field windings in a stepper motor achieve?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad16a56645df0001a2d1a5c
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
What is another name for rough rotation?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad16a56645df0001a2d1a5d
Electric_motor
Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extreme...
With what other device aren't stepper motors most versatile?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5727a643ff5b5019007d91ec
Switzerland
Geneva and the nearby French department of Ain co-host the world's largest laboratory, CERN, dedicated to particle physics research. Another important research center is the Paul Scherrer Institute. Notable inventions include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the scanning tunneling microscope (Nobel prize) and Velcro. ...
What is the world's largest laboratory?
{ "text": [ "CERN" ], "answer_start": [ 87 ] }
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5727a643ff5b5019007d91ed
Switzerland
Geneva and the nearby French department of Ain co-host the world's largest laboratory, CERN, dedicated to particle physics research. Another important research center is the Paul Scherrer Institute. Notable inventions include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the scanning tunneling microscope (Nobel prize) and Velcro. ...
Who co-hosts CERN along with the French department of Ain?
{ "text": [ "Geneva" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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5727a643ff5b5019007d91ee
Switzerland
Geneva and the nearby French department of Ain co-host the world's largest laboratory, CERN, dedicated to particle physics research. Another important research center is the Paul Scherrer Institute. Notable inventions include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the scanning tunneling microscope (Nobel prize) and Velcro. ...
What research is CERN dedicated to?
{ "text": [ "particle physics" ], "answer_start": [ 106 ] }
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5727a643ff5b5019007d91ef
Switzerland
Geneva and the nearby French department of Ain co-host the world's largest laboratory, CERN, dedicated to particle physics research. Another important research center is the Paul Scherrer Institute. Notable inventions include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the scanning tunneling microscope (Nobel prize) and Velcro. ...
What notable Swiss invention won the nobel prize?
{ "text": [ "scanning tunneling microscope" ], "answer_start": [ 264 ] }
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5727a643ff5b5019007d91f0
Switzerland
Geneva and the nearby French department of Ain co-host the world's largest laboratory, CERN, dedicated to particle physics research. Another important research center is the Paul Scherrer Institute. Notable inventions include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the scanning tunneling microscope (Nobel prize) and Velcro. ...
Who invented the pressurized balloon?
{ "text": [ "Auguste Piccard" ], "answer_start": [ 411 ] }
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5726e16df1498d1400e8ee86
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
What two elements have reduced the literary nature of scientific journals?
{ "text": [ "advances and specialization" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
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5726e16df1498d1400e8ee87
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
The segregation of science writing means that articles in those subjects primarily appear where?
{ "text": [ "journals" ], "answer_start": [ 225 ] }
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5726e16df1498d1400e8ee88
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
The work of what classical scientists is caught between being outdated and of literary importance?
{ "text": [ "Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton" ], "answer_start": [ 255 ] }
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5726e16df1498d1400e8ee89
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
In what coursework is one still likely to encounter the works of these classic scientists?
{ "text": [ "\"history of science\" programmes" ], "answer_start": [ 516 ] }
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5a7a53d021c2de001afe9b6a
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
The literary nature of science writing has become more pronounced during what time period?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a7a53d021c2de001afe9b6b
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
The science of Aristotle, Galileo, and Newton no longer serve for scientific instruction why?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a7a53d021c2de001afe9b6c
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
Students often read classical scientists outside what programmes?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a7a53d021c2de001afe9b6d
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
What has made new scientific research accessible to most audiences?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a7e522f70df9f001a875727
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
What do students rarely study outside programmes of literary study?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a7e522f70df9f001a875728
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
What are too technical to sit well in "history of science" programs?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5a7e522f70df9f001a875729
Literature
As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
The scientific works of which scientists are still studied regularly?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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57294c541d04691400779263
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
When did the first aeroplane reach Bermuda?
{ "text": [ "1930" ], "answer_start": [ 34 ] }
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57294c541d04691400779264
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
Why did the plane have to land twice before reaching Bermuda?
{ "text": [ "once because of darkness and again to refuel" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
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57294c541d04691400779265
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
What improved thanks to the Royal Air Force in 1933?
{ "text": [ "Navigation and weather forecasting" ], "answer_start": [ 208 ] }
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57294c541d04691400779266
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
Who began experimenting with flights from Berlin to New York, stopping in the azores?
{ "text": [ "Luft Hansa" ], "answer_start": [ 498 ] }
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5ad41116604f3c001a4001e3
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
What reached Bermuda in 1903?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad41116604f3c001a4001e4
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
What is Detroiter Stinson a type of?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad41116604f3c001a4001e5
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
What improved in 1936 because of the Royal Air Force?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5ad41116604f3c001a4001e6
Bermuda
After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equ...
Who began to experiment with seaplane flights in 1933?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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5726e8e4708984140094d581
Nigeria
The Nigerian government has commissioned the overseas production and launch of four satellites. The Nigeriasat-1 was the first satellite to be built under the Nigerian government sponsorship. The satellite was launched from Russia on 27 September 2003. Nigeriasat-1 was part of the world-wide Disaster Monitoring Constel...
When did Nigeria launch its first satellite?
{ "text": [ "27 September 2003" ], "answer_start": [ 234 ] }
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5726e8e4708984140094d582
Nigeria
The Nigerian government has commissioned the overseas production and launch of four satellites. The Nigeriasat-1 was the first satellite to be built under the Nigerian government sponsorship. The satellite was launched from Russia on 27 September 2003. Nigeriasat-1 was part of the world-wide Disaster Monitoring Constel...
What was Nigeria's first satellite called?
{ "text": [ "Nigeriasat-1" ], "answer_start": [ 100 ] }
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5726e8e4708984140094d583
Nigeria
The Nigerian government has commissioned the overseas production and launch of four satellites. The Nigeriasat-1 was the first satellite to be built under the Nigerian government sponsorship. The satellite was launched from Russia on 27 September 2003. Nigeriasat-1 was part of the world-wide Disaster Monitoring Constel...
Where did Nigeria launch its first satellite?
{ "text": [ "Russia" ], "answer_start": [ 224 ] }
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5726e8e4708984140094d584
Nigeria
The Nigerian government has commissioned the overseas production and launch of four satellites. The Nigeriasat-1 was the first satellite to be built under the Nigerian government sponsorship. The satellite was launched from Russia on 27 September 2003. Nigeriasat-1 was part of the world-wide Disaster Monitoring Constel...
How many satellites has the Nigerian government commissioned?
{ "text": [ "four" ], "answer_start": [ 79 ] }
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5726e93cdd62a815002e94c6
Nigeria
NigeriaSat-2, Nigeria's second satellite, was built as a high-resolution earth satellite by Surrey Space Technology Limited, a United Kingdom-based satellite technology company. It has 2.5-metre resolution panchromatic (very high resolution), 5-metre multispectral (high resolution, NIR red, green and red bands), and 32...
What was Nigeria's second satellite called?
{ "text": [ "NigeriaSat-2" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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5726e93cdd62a815002e94c7
Nigeria
NigeriaSat-2, Nigeria's second satellite, was built as a high-resolution earth satellite by Surrey Space Technology Limited, a United Kingdom-based satellite technology company. It has 2.5-metre resolution panchromatic (very high resolution), 5-metre multispectral (high resolution, NIR red, green and red bands), and 32...
Who manufactured Nigeria's second satellite?
{ "text": [ "Surrey Space Technology Limited" ], "answer_start": [ 92 ] }
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5726e93cdd62a815002e94c8
Nigeria
NigeriaSat-2, Nigeria's second satellite, was built as a high-resolution earth satellite by Surrey Space Technology Limited, a United Kingdom-based satellite technology company. It has 2.5-metre resolution panchromatic (very high resolution), 5-metre multispectral (high resolution, NIR red, green and red bands), and 32...
Where was Nigeria's second satellite manufactured?
{ "text": [ "United Kingdom" ], "answer_start": [ 127 ] }
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5726e93cdd62a815002e94c9
Nigeria
NigeriaSat-2, Nigeria's second satellite, was built as a high-resolution earth satellite by Surrey Space Technology Limited, a United Kingdom-based satellite technology company. It has 2.5-metre resolution panchromatic (very high resolution), 5-metre multispectral (high resolution, NIR red, green and red bands), and 32...
Where is Nigeria's second satellite's ground receiving station?
{ "text": [ "Abuja" ], "answer_start": [ 436 ] }
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5726e93cdd62a815002e94ca
Nigeria
NigeriaSat-2, Nigeria's second satellite, was built as a high-resolution earth satellite by Surrey Space Technology Limited, a United Kingdom-based satellite technology company. It has 2.5-metre resolution panchromatic (very high resolution), 5-metre multispectral (high resolution, NIR red, green and red bands), and 32...
Where was Nigeria's second satellite launched?
{ "text": [ "China" ], "answer_start": [ 581 ] }
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5726e9d2dd62a815002e94f6
Nigeria
NigComSat-1, a Nigerian satellite built in 2004, was Nigeria's third satellite and Africa's first communication satellite. It was launched on 13 May 2007, aboard a Chinese Long March 3B carrier rocket, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in China. The spacecraft was operated by NigComSat and the Nigerian Space Age...
What was Nigeria's third satellite called?
{ "text": [ "NigComSat-1" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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5726e9d2dd62a815002e94f7
Nigeria
NigComSat-1, a Nigerian satellite built in 2004, was Nigeria's third satellite and Africa's first communication satellite. It was launched on 13 May 2007, aboard a Chinese Long March 3B carrier rocket, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in China. The spacecraft was operated by NigComSat and the Nigerian Space Age...
When was Nigeria's third satellite built?
{ "text": [ "2004" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
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5726e9d2dd62a815002e94f8
Nigeria
NigComSat-1, a Nigerian satellite built in 2004, was Nigeria's third satellite and Africa's first communication satellite. It was launched on 13 May 2007, aboard a Chinese Long March 3B carrier rocket, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in China. The spacecraft was operated by NigComSat and the Nigerian Space Age...
When was Nigeria's third satellite launched?
{ "text": [ "13 May 2007" ], "answer_start": [ 142 ] }
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5726e9d2dd62a815002e94f9
Nigeria
NigComSat-1, a Nigerian satellite built in 2004, was Nigeria's third satellite and Africa's first communication satellite. It was launched on 13 May 2007, aboard a Chinese Long March 3B carrier rocket, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in China. The spacecraft was operated by NigComSat and the Nigerian Space Age...
When did Nigeria's third satellite run out of power?
{ "text": [ "11 November 2008" ], "answer_start": [ 336 ] }
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5726e9d2dd62a815002e94fa
Nigeria
NigComSat-1, a Nigerian satellite built in 2004, was Nigeria's third satellite and Africa's first communication satellite. It was launched on 13 May 2007, aboard a Chinese Long March 3B carrier rocket, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in China. The spacecraft was operated by NigComSat and the Nigerian Space Age...
where was Nigeria's third satellite launched?
{ "text": [ "China" ], "answer_start": [ 246 ] }
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5727faabff5b5019007d99c6
History_of_science
The beginning of the 20th century brought the start of a revolution in physics. The long-held theories of Newton were shown not to be correct in all circumstances. Beginning in 1900, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others developed quantum theories to explain various anomalous experimental results, by intro...
What science subject explains anomalous results?
{ "text": [ "quantum theories" ], "answer_start": [ 244 ] }
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5727faabff5b5019007d99c7
History_of_science
The beginning of the 20th century brought the start of a revolution in physics. The long-held theories of Newton were shown not to be correct in all circumstances. Beginning in 1900, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others developed quantum theories to explain various anomalous experimental results, by intro...
What year did Einstein discover the theory of general relativity?
{ "text": [ "1915" ], "answer_start": [ 527 ] }
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5727faabff5b5019007d99c8
History_of_science
The beginning of the 20th century brought the start of a revolution in physics. The long-held theories of Newton were shown not to be correct in all circumstances. Beginning in 1900, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others developed quantum theories to explain various anomalous experimental results, by intro...
Quantum theories became which subject in 1925?
{ "text": [ "quantum mechanics" ], "answer_start": [ 724 ] }
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5727faabff5b5019007d99c9
History_of_science
The beginning of the 20th century brought the start of a revolution in physics. The long-held theories of Newton were shown not to be correct in all circumstances. Beginning in 1900, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others developed quantum theories to explain various anomalous experimental results, by intro...
Which scientist noticed the relationship between the speed and distance of galaxies?
{ "text": [ "Edwin Hubble" ], "answer_start": [ 810 ] }
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5727faabff5b5019007d99ca
History_of_science
The beginning of the 20th century brought the start of a revolution in physics. The long-held theories of Newton were shown not to be correct in all circumstances. Beginning in 1900, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others developed quantum theories to explain various anomalous experimental results, by intro...
Edwin Hubble's discovery about galaxies allowed for which theory by Georges Lemaitre?
{ "text": [ "the Big Bang theory" ], "answer_start": [ 994 ] }
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57283431ff5b5019007d9ef8
History_of_science
Computer science, built upon a foundation of theoretical linguistics, discrete mathematics, and electrical engineering, studies the nature and limits of computation. Subfields include computability, computational complexity, database design, computer networking, artificial intelligence, and the design of computer hardw...
What science is based on linguistics, mathematics, and engineering?
{ "text": [ "Computer science" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
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57283431ff5b5019007d9ef9
History_of_science
Computer science, built upon a foundation of theoretical linguistics, discrete mathematics, and electrical engineering, studies the nature and limits of computation. Subfields include computability, computational complexity, database design, computer networking, artificial intelligence, and the design of computer hardw...
How has computer science helped science as a whole?
{ "text": [ "by facilitating large-scale archiving of scientific data" ], "answer_start": [ 424 ] }
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57283431ff5b5019007d9efa
History_of_science
Computer science, built upon a foundation of theoretical linguistics, discrete mathematics, and electrical engineering, studies the nature and limits of computation. Subfields include computability, computational complexity, database design, computer networking, artificial intelligence, and the design of computer hardw...
What is the differing characteristic of contemporary computer science?
{ "text": [ "emphasising mathematical 'theory'" ], "answer_start": [ 546 ] }
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5728355f4b864d1900164728
History_of_science
Much of the study of the history of science has been devoted to answering questions about what science is, how it functions, and whether it exhibits large-scale patterns and trends. The sociology of science in particular has focused on the ways in which scientists work, looking closely at the ways in which they "produc...
What is the large question that the history of science answers?
{ "text": [ "what science is" ], "answer_start": [ 90 ] }
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5728355f4b864d1900164729
History_of_science
Much of the study of the history of science has been devoted to answering questions about what science is, how it functions, and whether it exhibits large-scale patterns and trends. The sociology of science in particular has focused on the ways in which scientists work, looking closely at the ways in which they "produc...
What did sociology in science explain?
{ "text": [ "the ways in which scientists work" ], "answer_start": [ 236 ] }
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5728355f4b864d190016472a
History_of_science
Much of the study of the history of science has been devoted to answering questions about what science is, how it functions, and whether it exhibits large-scale patterns and trends. The sociology of science in particular has focused on the ways in which scientists work, looking closely at the ways in which they "produc...
What was the most popular method in the 1960s regarding science studies?
{ "text": [ "to emphasize the \"human component\" of scientific knowledge" ], "answer_start": [ 473 ] }
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5726fdb1f1498d1400e8f1d4
Glacier
Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, dependin...
From where is the temperature of a glacier measured?
{ "text": [ "base alone" ], "answer_start": [ 492 ] }
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5726fdb1f1498d1400e8f1d5
Glacier
Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, dependin...
Which type of glacier is above or at freezing at it's interface and is able to slide?
{ "text": [ "warm-based glacier" ], "answer_start": [ 622 ] }
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5726fdb1f1498d1400e8f1d6
Glacier
Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, dependin...
What temperature makes a glacier polythermal?
{ "text": [ "partly cold-based and partly warm-based" ], "answer_start": [ 913 ] }
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5726fdb1f1498d1400e8f1d7
Glacier
Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, dependin...
What temperature determines a polar glacier?
{ "text": [ "always below freezing point from the surface to its base" ], "answer_start": [ 132 ] }
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5726fdb1f1498d1400e8f1d8
Glacier
Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, dependin...
What temperature characteristic determines a temperate glacier?
{ "text": [ "melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base" ], "answer_start": [ 37 ] }
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5a358613788daf001a5f861a
Glacier
Thermally, a temperate glacier is at melting point throughout the year, from its surface to its base. The ice of a polar glacier is always below freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snowpack may experience seasonal melting. A sub-polar glacier includes both temperate and polar ice, dependin...
What temperature is a polar glacier always above?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
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