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重申军事非核化区本身并非目的，而是实现核裁军和在有效国际监督下全面彻底裁军的一个具有高度现实意义的中间步骤； | Reiterating that militarily denuclearized zones do not constitute an end in themselves, but rather a highly relevant intermediary step towards the realization of nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament under effective international control; |
重申他们坚信建立军事非核化区与维护各自区域的和平与安全密切相关，并坚信经区域内各国主权决定通过的广大地理区域的军事非核化对其他区域产生有益的影响； | Reiterating their conviction that the establishment of militarily denuclearized zones is closely related to the maintenance of peace and security in the respective regions and that the military denuclearization of vast geographical zones, adopted by the sovereign decision of the States comprised therein, has exercised ... |
回顾联合国大会第 68/32 号决议决定“至迟于 2018 年召开一次核裁军问题联合国高级别国际会议，以审查这方面取得的进展”； | Recalling that the United Nations General Assembly, through its resolution 68/32, decided “to convene, no later than 2018, a United Nations high-level international conference on nuclear disarmament to review the progress made in this regard”; |
又回顾为推动全球努力，实现无核武器的世界这一共同目标，于 9 月 26 日举行了彻底消除核武器国际日的纪念活动，并敦促各国政府、议会和民间社会每年采取进一步措施纪念这一国际日； | Recalling also the commemoration of the International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons on 26 September as part of the global efforts to achieve the common goal of a world free of nuclear weapons, and urging Governments, parliaments and civil society to take additional measures eachyear to commemorate th... |
再次强调指出，核武器对军队和平民都造成滥杀滥伤、无以防范的可怕影响，并通过持续排放放射性物质，伤害人类物种的健完性，最终甚至可能导致整个地球无法居住； | Again emphasizing that nuclear weapons, whose terrible effects are suffered, indiscriminately and inexorably, by military forces and civilian population alike, constitute, through the persistence of the radioactivity they release, an attack on the integrity of the human species and ultimately may even render the whole ... |
同样回顾 2013 年在奥斯陆、2014 年在纳亚里特(墨西哥)和维也纳举行的核武器造成的人道主义影响会议，期间确认，核武器因其存在本身及其可能使用或威胁使用，因意外或故意引爆会对全球卫生、粮食安全、气候及其他领域造成的潜在破坏，因国际社会没有能力面对如此巨大的人道主义灾难而对人类构成威胁； | Similarly recalling the Conferences on the Humanitarian Impact of Nuclear Weapons held in Oslo in 2013 and in Nayarit (Mexico) and Vienna in 2014, which confirmed that nuclear weapons constitute a threat to humankind, by their mere existence and by their possible use or threat of use, as well as by the potential damage... |
又确认在多边框架内所做的努力，以查明和寻求有效措施，采取这些措施对建立和维持一个没有核武器的世界不可或缺； | Acknowledging also the efforts being pursued in the multilateral context in order to identify and seek effective measures, the adoption of which will be necessary to establish and maintain a world without nuclear weapons; |
重申尽管核武器国家承担着消除自身核武库的最终责任，但所有国家都有责任防止核武器产生的人道主义影响和所有其他影响； | Reiterating that, although nuclear-weapon States have the ultimate responsibility for eliminating their nuclear arsenals, it is the responsibility of all States to prevent the humanitarian impact and all effects of nuclear weapons; |
重申使用和威胁使用核武器违反《联合国宪章》和国际法，包括国际人道主义法，并构成危害人类罪； | Reaffirming that the use and threat of use of nuclear weapons are a violation of the Charter of the United Nations and international law, including international humanitarian law, and constitute a crime against humanity; |
又考虑到在明确规定的时限内，以透明、可核查和不可逆转的方式禁止和消除核武器是防止使用或威胁使用核武器的唯一有效保障； | Also considering that the only effective guarantee against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons is their prohibition and elimination in a transparent, verifiable and irreversible manner, within clearly established time frames; |
回顾联合国大会第一届会议于 1946 年 1 月 24 日通过了第一项决议，第 1(I)号决议，主要针对和平利用原子能、消除核武器和其他大规模毁灭性武器的问题； | Recalling that the United Nations General Assembly, at its first session, adopted its first resolution, resolution 1(I), on 24 January 1946, which mainly addresses the peaceful uses of atomic energy and the elimination of nuclear weapons as well as other weapons of mass destruction; |
庆祝联合国大会第七十一届会议通过第 71/258 号决议，其中特别决定，“在2017 年举行一次联合国会议，以谈判一项具有法律约束力的禁止核武器并导致彻底消除核武器的文书”； | Celebrating the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly, at its seventy-first session, of resolution 71/258, in which it decides, inter alia, “to convene in 2017 a United Nations conference to negotiate a legally binding instrument to prohibit nuclear weapons, leading towards their total elimination”; |
强调于 2016 年 11 月 18 日揭幕纪念牌匾，上书“拉丁美洲和加勒比无核武器区始于这里——蒂华纳，整个拉丁美洲最西北部的城市，并一直延伸到拉美大陆的最南端。根据 1967 年《特拉特洛尔科条约》的规定，在这片绵延 8 000 万平方公里的土地上，核武器不存在，也永远不会存在”； | Highlighting the unveiling of a commemorative plaque, on 18 November 2016, that reads “Here in Tijuana, the most north-western municipality of all Latin America, begins the nuclear-weapon-free zone of Latin America and the Caribbean, which extends to the farthest southern extreme of the continent. As established by the... |
《特拉特洛尔科条约》的缔约国(所有缔约国都是拉加禁核组织的成员国)： | The States parties to the Treaty of Tlatelolco, all of them members of OPANAL: |
1. 再次表示深为关切核武器的存在，因为核武器仍然对地球的和平与安全造成迫在眉睫的威胁；因此相信，在任何情况下都不再次使用核武器符合所有国家的利益； | 1. Reiterate their deep concern over the existence of nuclear weapons, as it continues to be an imminent threat to the peace and security of our planet, and therefore believe it is in the interest of all that under no circumstances nuclear weapons be used again; |
2. 回顾拉加禁核组织作为“本区域内就核裁军申明共同立场和联合行动的专门机构”所发挥的作用，诚如国家元首和政府首脑 2014 年在古巴、2015 年在哥斯达黎加、2016 年在厄瓜多尔举行的拉丁美洲和加勒比国家共同体首脑会议上通过的核裁军问题特别声明所述； | 2. Recall the role of OPANAL as the “specialized body in the region for articulating common positions and joint actions on nuclear disarmament”, as stated in the special declarations on nuclear disarmament adopted by the Heads of State and Government at the Summits of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean State... |
3. 重申非核武器国家，其中包括所有拉加禁核组织成员国，在核裁军实现之前的合法利益，即应获得核武器国家不对他们使用和威胁使用核武器的明确、具有法律约束力的保证；又敦促作出努力，争取在尽可能短的期限内谈判和通过具有普遍性和法律约束力的消极安全保证文书； | 3. Reiterate, pending the achievement of nuclear disarmament, the legitimate interest of the non-nuclear-weapon States, among which all the States members of OPANAL are included, in receiving an unequivocal and legally binding guarantee of non-use and non-threat of use of nuclear weapons against them from nuclear-weapo... |
4. 呼吁那些对《特拉特洛尔科条约》第一和第二附加议定书发表违背条约精神的解释性声明的核武器国家与拉加禁核组织一起，对这些声明加以审议，以便予以订正或取消，进而向拉丁美洲和加勒比无核武器区国家提供充分、明确的安全保障；并尊重该区域军事非核化的性质； | 4. Call on nuclear-weapon States that have issued interpretative declarations on Additional Protocols I and II to the Treaty of Tlatelolco that are contrary to the spirit of the Treaty to examine them, together with OPANAL, with the objective of revising or eliminating them, in order to provide full and unequivocal sec... |
5. 强调无核武器区通过禁止持有、获取、开发、测试、制造、生产、储存、部署和使用核武器的方式，促进区域和国际层面的和平与稳定； | 5. Emphasize that nuclear-weapon-free zones promote peace and stability at the regional and international levels by prohibiting the possession, acquisition, development, testing, manufacturing, production, stockpiling, deployment and use of nuclear weapons; |
6. 强调《特拉特洛尔科条约》在人口稠密的地区建立了首个无核武器区，成为激励世界其他四个区域的动力；又考虑到该条约与拉加禁核组织是国际社会的重要财富，为其他区域的国家在自由达成的协议基础上，建立其他无核武器区提供了政治、法律和体制参考； | 6. Stress that the Treaty of Tlatelolco, which created the first nuclear-weapon-free zone in a densely populated area, has served as a source of inspiration for four other regions in the world, and consider also that the Treaty and OPANAL are an important endowment of the international community and a political, legal ... |
7. 感到遗憾的是，未能遵守在 2012 年举行关于建立中东无核武器和其他所有大规模毁灭性武器区的国际会议这一协议，重申召开这次会议是不扩散核武器条约缔约国 2010 年审议大会最后文件a 重要而且不可或缺的一部分；因此呼吁根据有关区域国家之间自由达成的协议，在核武器国家的充分支持和承诺以及中东所有国家的参与下，尽快召开该会议； | 7. Regret the failure to fulfil the agreement to hold an international conference in 2012 on the establishment of a zone free of nuclear weapons and all other weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East, and reiterate that the convening of such a conference is an integral and important part of the Final Document of ... |
8. 感到遗憾的是，核武器国家继续不遵守《不扩散核武器条约》第六条的规定以及审议大会作出的承诺；又感到遗憾的是，2015 年不扩散条约缔约国审议大会结束时没有通过最后文件； | 8. Regret the continued failure of nuclear-weapon States to comply with article VI of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and with the commitments emanating from the Review Conferences, and regret also that the 2015 Review Conference of the States Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuc... |
9. 谴责对现有核武器实行现代化和研发新型核武器，此举违背采取有效措施实现核裁军的义务；在这方面要求核武器国家停止开发和从质量上改进核武器及其运载系统以及相关基础设施； | 9. Condemn the modernization of existing nuclear weapons and the development of new types of such weapons, which is inconsistent with the obligation to adopt effective measures towards nuclear disarmament, and, in this regard, demand the cessation by nuclear-weapon States of the development and qualitative improvement ... |
10. 欢迎在 2016 年 7 月纪念阿根廷和巴西签署协议 25 周年，其中两国确认将核能严格用于和平目的的明确承诺，从而建立巴西-阿根廷核材料衡算和控制机构；强调阿根廷和巴西的成功经验得到了国际认可，为世界其他地区树立了榜样和提供了启迪，特别是在无核武器区尚不存在的地区； | 10. Welcome the commemoration, in July 2016, of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the signing of the agreements through which Argentina and Brazil confirmed their unequivocal commitment to the use of nuclear energy for strictly peaceful purposes, thereby creating the Brazilian-Argentine Agency for Accounting and Control ... |
11. 强调在建立了无核武器区的《南太平洋无核区条约》(《拉罗通加条约》、《东南亚无核武器区条约》(《曼谷条约》)、《非洲无核武器区条约》(《佩林达巴条约》和《中亚无核武器区条约》(《塞米巴拉金斯克条约》)缔约国之间合作和与蒙古合作的重要意义； | 11. Stress the importance of cooperation among the States parties to the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty (Treaty of Rarotonga), the Treaty on the South-East Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone (Treaty of Bangkok), the African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty (Treaty of Pelindaba) and the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free... |
经济及社会理事会 Distr.: General | Economic and Social Council Distr.: General |
17 December 2018 | 17 December 2018 |
Original: English(C) 040119 090119 | 18-22110 (E) 241218 |
Original: English(C) 040119 090119*1822110* | *1822110* |
2019 年 3 月 11 日至 22 日 | 11–22 March 2019 |
临时议程* 项目 3 | Item 3 of the provisional agenda* |
第四次妇女问题世界会议以及题为“2000 年妇女：二十一世纪性别平等、发展与和平”的大会第二十三届特别会议的后续行动 | Follow-up to the Fourth World Conference on Women and to the twenty-third special session of the General Assembly, entitled “Women 2000: gender equality, development and peace for the twenty-first century” |
将在“通过社会保护制度、获得公共服务和可持续的基础设施促进性别平等及增强妇女和女童权能”优先主题下举行的部长级圆桌会议讨论指南 | Discussion guide for the ministerial round tables to be held under the priority theme “Social protection systems, access to public services and sustainable infrastructure for gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls” |
秘书处的说明 | Note by the Secretariat |
一. 导言 | I. Introduction |
1. 经济及社会理事会在其关于妇女地位委员会今后的工作安排和方法的第2015/6 号决议中决定，该委员会的届会将包括一个部长级部分，以重申和加强对实现性别平等和增强妇女和女童权能及实现其人权的政治承诺，并确保委员会审议工作的高级别参与和可见度，而且该部分将包括部长级圆桌会议或其他高级别互动对话。https://undocs.org/E/RES/2015/6 | 1. In its resolution 2015/6 on the future organization and methods of work of the Commission on the Status of Women, the Economic and Social Council decided that the session of the Commission would include a ministerial segment to reaffirm and strengthen political commitment to the realization of gender equality and th... |
2. 根据经济及社会理事会第 2016/3 号决议所载委员会多年工作方案，委员会拟将“通过社会保护制度、获得公共服务和可持续的基础设施促进性别平等及增强妇女和女童权能”作为将于 2019 年 3 月 11 日至 22 日举行的第六十三届会议的优先主题。在该决定的基础上还提议，委员会在上述届会期间举行部长级圆桌会议，使部长们有机会就优先主题下的关键问题进行高级别讨论。 | 2. In accordance with the multi-year programme of work of the Commission, as contained in Economic and Social Council resolution 2016/3, the Commission will consider “Social protection systems, access to public services and sustainable infrastructure for gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls” as the pr... |
* E/CN.6/2019/1。 | * E/CN.6/2019/1. |
二. 组织事项 | II. Organizational matters |
A. 主题和专题 | A. Theme and topics |
3. 在“通过社会保护制度、获得公共服务和可持续的基础设施促进性别平等及增强妇女和女童权能”这一优先主题下，委员会将举行四次部长级圆桌会议，就下列专题举行两次平行会议： | 3. Under the prioritytheme “Social protection systems, access to public services and sustainable infrastructure for gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls”, the Commission will hold four ministerial round tables, to be held in two parallel meetings on the following topics: |
(a) 提供社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施方面的良好做法，包括承认和重视无酬照护和家务劳动的良好做法； | (a) Good practices in the provision of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including for recognizing and valuing unpaid care and domestic work; |
(b) 制定及提供和实施社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施的良好做法和政策，包括促进妇女在各个部门和各级的代表性的良好做法和政策。 | (b) Good practices and policies for the design, and the provision and implementation of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including for the promotion of women’s representation in various sectors and all levels. |
4. 部长级圆桌会议应侧重于交流与拟议专题有关的经验教训和良好做法。会议将鼓励部长们展望如何实现性别平等以及增强妇女和女童的权能以及实现其人权。会议将鼓励部长们重点说明计划采取的必要步骤和措施，以确保国家对策有效促进实现性别平等以及增强所有妇女和女童的权能，并促进全面、有效和加速执行《北京宣言》和《行动纲要》。 | 4. The ministerial round tables should focus on the exchange of experiences, lessons learned and good practices in relation to the proposed topics. Ministers will be encouraged to look ahead towards realizing gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls, as well as their human rights. Ministers will be encour... |
B. 与会者 | B. Participants |
5. 圆桌会议将为出席委员会第六十三届会议的部长们提供参与对话和讨论的机会。圆桌会议将对所有会员国和观察员开放。 | 5. The round tables will provide ministers attending the sixty-third session of the Commission with the opportunity to engage in dialogue and discussion. They will be open to all Member States and observers. |
6. 请部长们预先，最好不迟于 2019 年 2 月 26 日，表明希望参加哪场部长级圆桌会议，并提出第二选择。预期安排大约 15-20 名部长参加每场圆桌会议。部长级圆桌会议的各位主席将有一份报名参加每场圆桌会议的部长名单，但不会事先编制发言名单。 | 6. Ministers are invited to indicate, in advance and preferably no later than 26 February 2019, the ministerial round table in which they would prefer to participate, as well as their second preference. Approximately 15 to 20 ministers are expected to participate in each round table. The Chairs of the ministerial round... |
C. 时间和地点 | C. Times and locations |
7. 部长级圆桌会议将于 2019 年 3 月 11 日星期一下午 3 时至 6 时在纽约总部举行，时间见下表。 | 7. The ministerial round tables will be held at Headquarters, in New York, on Monday, 11 March 2019, from 3 to 6 p.m., at the times set out in the table below. |
圆桌会议 时间 地点 | Round table Time Location |
提供社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施方面的良好做法，包括承认和重视无酬照护和家务劳动的良好做法 | Good practices in the provision of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including for recognizing and valuing unpaid care and domestic work |
下午 3:00 - 4:30 第 4 会议室 | 3–4.30 p.m. Conference room 4 |
制定及提供和实施社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施的良好做法和政策，包括促进妇女在各个部门和各级的代表性的良 | Good practices and policies for the design, and the provision and implementation of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including |
下午 3:00 - 4:30 第 1 会议室 | 3–4.30 p.m. Conference room 1 |
提供社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施方面的良好做法，包括承认和重视无酬照护和家务劳动的良好做法 | Good practices in the provision of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including for recognizing and valuing unpaid care and domestic work 4.30–6 p.m. Conference room 4 |
制定及提供和实施社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施的良好做法和政策，包括促进妇女在各个部门和各级的代表性的良好做法和政策下午 4:30 - 6:00 第 1 会议室 | Good practices and policies for the design, and the provision and implementation of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including for the promotion of women’s representation in various sectors and all levels 4.30–6 p.m. Conference room 1 |
8. 部长级圆桌会议的各位主席将引导讨论，以加强互动。按规定发言不超过 3分钟，重点将放在对话上。将鼓励部长们提问并就对话期间的发言发表评论。如果时间允许，部长们将有机会发言一次以上。非常不鼓励书面发言。 | 8. The Chairs of the ministerial round tables will guide the discussion with a view to promoting interaction. Interventions are not to exceed three minutes, and emphasis will be placed on dialogue. Ministers will be encouraged to ask questions and comment on interventions made during the dialogue. Time permitting, mini... |
D. 成果 | D. Outcome |
9. 部长级圆桌会议的成果将采用通过主席团成员与各区域组协商后编写的主席摘要的形式。 | 9. The outcomes of the ministerial round tables will be in the form of Chairs’ summaries, prepared in consultation with the regional groups through the members of the Bureau. |
三. 部长级圆桌会议的讨论项目 | III. Items for discussion in the ministerial round tables |
A. 背景 | A. Background |
10. 围绕优先主题“通过社会保护制度、获得公共服务和可持续的基础设施促进性别平等及增强妇女和女童权能”的讨论将为委员会提供审议这一专题的机会，探讨在这三个领域的促进性别平等的投资如何可以通过解放妇女和女童的时间、支持她们的流动能力、增加她们的经济机会并增强她们抵御冲击的复原力，来促进落实《北京宣言》和《行动纲要》以及《2030 年可持续发展议程》。 | 10. The discussion of the priority theme “Social protection systems, access to public services and sustainable infrastructure for gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls” will provide the Commission with an opportunity to consider the topic in terms of how gender-responsive investments across the three a... |
11. 在妇女和女童获得社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施方面已取得重大进展。然而，性别差距仍然很大，在许多情况下，进展不均衡。面临多重和交叉歧视的妇女和女童尤其受到排斥和边缘化的影响。在各国，来自贫困家庭、农村地区和特定族裔群体的人经历着群组贫困，他们获得教育、保健和体面住房、清洁能源、水和卫生设施的机会较少。弥合这些差距，确保不让任何一个人掉队，这将需要大量投入资源，同时采取有针对性的措施，在这三个领域扩大机会、提高质量和加强政策一致性，包括加强政府各部门和各级政府之间的协调，以及与营利和非营利供应者的协调。 | 11. There has been significant progress in terms of women’s and girls’ access to social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure. However, significant gender gaps remain, and, in many contexts, progress has been uneven. Women and girls who face multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination are par... |
12. 在圆桌会议期间，将邀请部长们考虑以下讨论指南内的问题，并重点关注加速充分和有效执行《北京宣言》和《行动纲要》以及《2030 年可持续发展议程》所需开展的工作，以便实现所有妇女和女童的人权并增强其权能。将鼓励部长们确定有效的政策、所需开展的工作以及采取必要步骤和措施的负责方。还鼓励部长们利用该讨论指南，并参阅秘书长关于第六十三届会议优先主题的报告(E/CN.6/2019/3)。 | 12. During the round tables, ministers will be invited to consider thequestions in the discussion guide below and to focus on what needs to be done to accelerate the full and effective implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to realize the human ... |
B. 讨论指南 | B. Discussion guide |
提供社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施方面的良好做法，包括承认和重视无酬照护和家务劳动的良好做法 | Good practices in the provision of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including for recognizing and valuing unpaid care and domestic work |
13. 可持续发展目标 5 具体目标 5.4 明确承认在提供公共服务、基础设施和社会保护政策时承认和重视无酬照护和家务劳动的重要性。在全球范围内，这种工作大多由妇女和女童承担。社会保护制度已慢慢开始考虑无酬照护和家务劳动。越来越多的缴款养恤金计划提供照护记分，对照护子女或其他受抚养人的离职时段予以补偿，从而帮助缩小男女养恤金差距。几个公共工程方案已包括提供单位托儿所和减少工作时间，以使有照护责任的工人能够参与。然而，需要作出更系统的努力，以在社会保护系统内并通过该系统，承认和重视无酬照护和家务劳动。 | 13. Sustainable Development Goal 5, target 5.4, explicitly acknowledges the importance of the provision of public services, infrastructure and social protection policies in recognizing and valuing unpaid care and domestic work. Across the globe, such work is disproportionately carried out by women and girls. Socia l pr... |
14. 加强社会保护系统、公共服务和可持续基础设施之间的联系，这对于确保通过对无酬照护和家务劳动的承认长期可持续地增强妇女和女童的权能至关重要。在许多发展中国家，有条件现金转移支付有效地增加了对公共服务的需求，例如孕产妇保健和女童上学。然而，服务质量仍然是一个挑战，需要对服务进行更多更好的投资，以应对这一挑战。在保健人员短缺的情况下，结果是妇女和女童要等很长时间才能得到照护，使她们失去了本来可以用于生产活动、教育、休闲或休息的时间。在农村地区，缺乏适当的交通基础设施意味着妇女和女童必须步行很长时间才能到达保健和教育设施。加大对托儿服务和对需要照护的老年人和/或慢性病患者的长期照护服务的投资，这对支持跨代照护、同时又不损害妇女经济赋权... | 14. Strengthening the linkages between social protection systems, public services and sustainable infrastructure is critical to ensuring that the recognition of unpaid care and domestic work sustains the empowerment of women and girls in the long -term. In many developing countries, conditional cash transfers have been... |
15. 在发展中国家，特别是在农村和偏远地区以及城市贫民窟，普遍缺乏与清洁能源、水和卫生设施有关的基础设施，这增加了无偿照护和家务劳动的艰辛和枯燥，并对妇女和女童的时间、健康和福祉造成很大损失。2015 年，21 亿人无法获得安全管理的饮用水。无法在住所取水的家庭中，80%是由妇女和女童负责取水。由于烹饪和取暖时使用不清洁燃料和低效技术，导致家中空气污染，而由此造成的过早死亡中，10 人中 6 人是妇女和女童。投资于这些领域可以带来时间的节省、健康惠益并提高妇女有偿和无酬工作的生产率。 | 15. The widespread lack of infrastructure related to clean energy, water and sanitation in developing countries, in particular in rural and remote areas and in urban slums, increases the drudgery of unpaid care and domestic work and exacts a high toll on women’s and girls’ time, health and well-being. In 2015, 2.1 bill... |
16. 请部长们审议下列问题，以利于对话突出重点： | 16. Ministers are invited to consider the following questions to help to focus the dialogue: |
(a) 各国政府正在采取哪些步骤，以协调和综合地提供社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施，从而促进性别平等和赋予妇女和女童权力？ | (a) What steps are Governments taking to advance towards the coordinated and integrated provision of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure for gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls? |
(b) 有哪些国家社会保护制度承认并重视无酬照护和家务劳动的例子？ | (b) What are examples of national social protection systems that have recognized and valued unpaid care and domestic work? |
(c) 政府正在进行哪些投资，以加强公共照护服务，包括儿童早期教育和照护、老年人和/或长期病患者的长期照护？ | (c) What investments are Governments making to strengthen public care services, including early childhood education and care, long-term care for older persons and/or care for the chronically ill? |
(d) 各国政府正在采取哪些措施来将性别平等视角纳入清洁能源、可持续运输以及安全饮水和卫生等基本基础设施的设计和实施工作？ | (d) What measures are Governments taking to mainstream gender perspectives into the design and implementation of essential infrastructure, such as clean energy, sustainable transport and safe water and sanitation? |
制定及提供和实施社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施的良好做法和政策，包括促进妇女在各个部门和各级的代表性的良好做法和政策 | Good practices and policies for the design, and the provision and implementation of social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure, including for the promotion of women’s representation in various sectors and all levels |
17. 对社会保护、公共服务和可持续基础设施的投资为创造就业提供了一个重要机会。在许多国家，公共工程方案是社会保护制度的一个重要组成部分，一些国家规定了配额，以促进妇女在这些方案中的代表性。公共服务和基础设施是妇女和男子就业的重要来源。在全球范围内，妇女占教育部门员工的 60%，在保健和社会工作部门占近 70%。与其他部门一样，妇女在领导和决策职位上所占比例不足，但在提供一线服务的照护、教学和助产等职业中，妇女所占比例过高，她们在这些职业中往往工资低、工作条件差、缺乏发言权并且面对暴力和骚扰。 | 17. Investments in social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure provide an important opportunity for job creation. Public works programmes are an important component of social protection systems in many countries, and some countries have put in place quotas to promote women’s representation in thos... |
18. 在各个部门，妇女在能源、交通、水和卫生等基础设施部门的任职人数仍然不足，特别是在决策一级。据世界经济论坛估计，2016 年，妇女仅占据能源及信息和通信技术部门高级职位的 11%。在可再生能源部门，妇女的就业机会被认为高于总体的能源部门，但即使如此，估计表明，妇女仅拥有可再生能源部门工作的 20-24%。虽然妇女在科学、技术、工程和数学学位课程方面取得了重要进展，但她们在毕业生中仍然占少数，并在“非传统”部门就业方面继续面临社会和体制障碍。各国为促进妇女在男性主导领域的代表性所采取的办法包括扶持行动政策、辅导和帮助妇女从学校走入工作等。 | 18. Across sectors, women remain underrepresented in infrastructure sectors, such as energy, transport, water and sanitation, in particular at the decision-making level. According to estimates of the World Economic Forum, women occupied only 11 per cent of senior positions in the energy and information and communicatio... |
19. 请部长们审议下列问题，以利于对话突出重点： | 19. Ministers are invited to consider the following questions to help focus the dialogue: |
(a) 就社会保护制度而言，在确保妇女平等获得就业机会、包括公共工程方案和积极的劳动力市场政策方面，有哪些措施取得了得到证实的结果？ | (a) What measures have achieved proven results in ensuring women’s equal access to employment opportunities in the context of social protection systems, including public works programmes and active labour market policies? |
(b) 各国政府采取了哪些步骤来确保在诸如教育和保健、儿童和老年人照护等第一线公共服务部门工作的妇女获得适足工资和工作条件，包括职业发展机会？ | (b) What steps have Governments taken to ensure adequate wages and working conditions, including opportunities for career advancement, for women who work in front-line public services, such as education and health, child and elder care? |
经济及社会理事会 Distr.: General | Economic and Social Council Distr.: General |
31 January 2005 | 31 January 2005 |
05-22565 (C) 280205 280205 | 05-22566 (E) 280205 |
05-22565 (C) 280205 280205*0522565* | *0522566* |
妇女地位委员会第四十九届会议 | Forty-ninth session |
2005 年 2 月 28 日至 3 月 11 日 | 28 February-11 March 2005 |
临时议程*项目 3(c)㈠ | Item 3 (c) (i) of the provisional agenda* |
第四次妇女问题世界会议以及题为“2000 年妇女：二十一世纪两性平等、发展与和平”的大会特别会议的后续行动：各项重大关切领域的战略目标和行动的执行情况以及进一步的行动和倡议：审查《北京行动纲要》和题为“2000 年妇女：二十一世纪两性平等、发展与和平”的大会特别会议成果文件的执行情况 | Follow-up to the Fourth World Conference on Women and to the special session of the General Assembly entitled “Women 2000: gender equality, development and peace for the twenty-first century”: implementation of strategic objectives and action in the critical areas of concern and further actions and initiatives: review ... |
具有经济及社会理事会咨商地位的非政府组织，全国妇女组织联盟提出的声明 | Statement submitted by National Alliance of Women’s Organizations, a non-governmental organization in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council |
秘书长收到以下声明，现依照 1996 年 7 月 25 日经济及社会理事会第 1996/31号决议第 36 和 37 段的规定分发。 | The Secretary-General has received the following statement, which is being circulated in accordance with paragraphs 36 and 37 of Economic and Social Council resolution 1996/31 of 25 July 1996. |
全国妇女组织联盟（妇女组织联盟）代表和支持总部设在英国的各妇女组织和个别赞助者，力求为所有妇女消除性别不平等，并在国际商定的人权文书的基础上实现社会正义。妇女组织联盟与威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰的姐妹组织共同组成联合王国妇女委员会，代表联合王国全体妇女的关切和需要，在联合王国全国范围内与欧洲妇女游说团进行协作。 | NAWO, the National Alliance of Women’s Organizations, is an umbrella providing representation and support for women’s organisations whose headquarters are in England, and for individual supporters. NAWO seeks an end to gender inequality, and the establishment of social justice based on internationally agreed human righ... |
今年是第四次妇女问题世界会议召开十周年。我们庆祝妇女地位委员会（成立于 1946 年 6 月）取得的成就，以及活动家、非政府组织、各国政府和国际组织所做的工作。十年来，他们孜孜不倦地为创造一个平等的世界而努力。在那个世界里，男女平等享有人权将不再是梦想，而是现实。 | This year, 10 years since Beijing, we celebrate the achievements of the Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) – established in June 1946 – and the work of activists, NGOs, governments and international agencies, which have since that time worked tirelessly to create a world where equality based on access to human rig... |
世界里，男女平等享有人权将不再是梦想，而是现实。自 1946 年以来的半个世纪里，共举行了四次旨在促进平等、发展与和平的妇女问题国际会议。会上经过艰苦谈判形成了许多国际商定的文件，并提高了全世界对妇女问题的意识。今天，我们在实现平等的道路上比以往更向前迈进了大步，但平等仍旧只是一个梦想。 | Now, after over half a century since 1946, which has included four international women’s conferences focusing on equality, development and peace that have yielded many strenuously negotiated internationally agreed documents and given rise to a heightened world consciousness, we are much further along that path towards ... |
即使是在这个科技高度发达的时代，尽管许多人在为实现进步和改变而工作，但全世界仍存在着严重的不平等现象：在《北京行动纲要》所载十二个关键领域及 1995 年未强调的一些新领域均存在对妇女和女童的歧视。在性别歧视外,再加上基于其他因素（诸如阶级、宗教、能力和年龄）的歧视，使建立公正、和平世界的努力更加复杂化。 | The world over, even in an age of high technological advancement and with many working for progress and change, grave inequalities remain: discrimination against women and the girl child is still practiced in each of the Beijing Platform for Action’s twelve critical areas and in new spheres not highlighted in 1995. And... |
《北京行动纲要》、《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》、《国际人权公约》、《儿童权利公约》、联合国安全理事会第 1325 号决议，以及其他许多国际文书一道巩固和加强了活动家、各国政府、非政府组织和联合国各机构已着手的工作。这些文书是促进妇女和女童进步的有力工具，表明国际社会意识到上述挑战的确存在，而且必须面对和战胜这些挑战。此外，还必须承认民间社会已经发挥和将要发挥的关键作用。 | The Beijing Platform for Action, itself, the Convention Against All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, the International Convention on Human Rights, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, UN Security Council resolution 1325 are but a few of the international instruments underpinning the work undertaken by activ... |
我们相信，无论是非政府组织还是各国政府都通过妇女地位委员会最大限度地为实现共同的理想而努力，即建设一个平等、公正、和平的世界。妇女地位委员会作为一个国际机构积极推动实现这一崇高目标。但是，现在有一种尚未受到关注的趋势，即某些人想把关于妇女问题的讨论仅仅局限在妇女地位委员会的范畴之内，并进一步对委员会的工作设置障碍。把关于全世界一半人口需要和关切问题的讨论限制在某一联合国论坛的范畴之内是没有道理的。这样做就等于把全世界一半人口排除在每一次会议和每一个方案之外。我并不是说不再需要专门机构和方案特别关注妇女的需要（由联合国来领导妇女和女童进步仍然很关键），但同样需要承认妇女在全球范围内作为有效的领导者、决策者、和平缔造者、社区和家庭建设者... | At CSW, NGOs and governments alike come closest, we believe, to a shared vision of a world where equality, justice and peace are possible. CSW is an international force working towards that noble end. But there has been an unacknowledged movement on the part of some to ghettoise this Commission, corral all discussions ... |
程。两性平等应成为所有讨论和计划不可或缺的组成部分，即在所有进程、国际协定和体制机制中都应设立性别审计。换言之，社会性别主流化长期以来作为联合国的一项政策，其恰当含义应包括采取具体的以妇女为中心的活动。社会性别主流化应成为优先事项，并在整个联合国系统和各国政府里得到贯彻。 | Gender equality needs to be integral to every discussion and plan: there should be a gender audit for each process, international agreement and institutional mechanism. In other words, gender mainstreaming properly understood to include specific women-centred activities, and long accepted as UN policy, must become a pr... |
社会性别主流化原则是在妇女问题世界会议举行过程中形成的。在书面材料中，国际社会一致认为全球会议和国际会议在联合国的各项进程中都具有重大价值，但各缔约国和一些非政府组织至今仍缺乏热情再参与妇女问题国际会议。这主要是因为它们害怕某些缔约国会利用新的国际会议来推翻已经达成的协议。现实也存在这种担心。这种机会主义的做法是应当受到谴责的，它们的目的是可耻的。 | The principle of gender mainstreaming arose through the world conferences on women and there is general agreement in the literature that global, international conferences are of immense value within UN processes, but thus far there has been a lack of enthusiasm among states parties and some NGOs to engage in a further ... |
四次妇女问题世界会议虽然取得了巨大成就，但工作才刚刚开始。这些世界会议触及到世界各地、各行各业的妇女，并使她们意识到赋予妇女权利和实现平等是完全正确的，并认识到自己理应享有的各项权利。《北京行动纲要》对基层妇女来说是一块基石。通过《纲要》，她们真正了解到任何人都不能仅仅因为性别原因而受到歧视。为实现这一目标而设立的机制尚未得到充分利用，并且还须进一步发展和加强。 | Great though their achievements have been, the work of the four world conferences on women has only just started. Through these world conferences it has been possible to reach women in all walks of life in every corner of the globe and to awaken in them an awareness of the rightness of empowerment and equality and thei... |
因此，妇女组织联盟及其遍布全世界的合作伙伴和联系机构希望举行一次会议，从实现性别平等目标的角度评估联合国所有的各项进程，而不仅仅专注于讨论与妇女问题世界会议和《北京行动纲要》相关的问题。 | NAWO and our partners and associates around the world therefore seek a conference which, rather than focussing on the one range of conferences on women and just on the Beijing Platform for Action, should assess all UN processes with respect to the achievement of gender equality goals. |
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