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10. 根据大会第 66/288 号决议(第 96 段)、第 67/226 号决议(第 15 段)和第 70/205号决议(第 14 段)，秘书处行动计划将通过落实环境管理系统，努力将可持续发展做法纳入各项业务和设施管理。该计划将在现有努力的基础上再接再厉，并提高成本效益，同时继续接受会员国的问责。行动计划还将使秘书处对其设施和业务管理加以内化，促进不同的可持续发展目标和具体目标，包括紧急采取行动应对气候变化及秘书处的业务和设施管理对气候变化的影响的目标和确保可持续消费和生产模式的目标。3 | 10. In line with General Assembly resolutions 66/288 (para. 96), 67/226 (para. 15) and 70/205 (para. 14), the action plan for the Secretariat would, through the implementation of an environmental management system, aim at integra ting sustainable development practices into its operations and facilities management. It w... |
四. 范围 | IV. Scope |
11. 秘书处的行动计划将适用于秘书处总部、总部以外办事处、各区域经济委员会及外地行动和特派团的所有业务和设施管理程序、决定，活动和做法。 | 11. The Secretariat’s action plan would apply to all operations and facilities management procedures, decisions, activities and practices of the Secretariat at Headquarters, offices away from Headquarters, the regional commissions and field operations and missions. |
五. 执行架构和治理 | V. Implementation structure and governance |
12. 秘书处进行运作的国家在基础设施、市场和地方文化等方面情况各异。为少其业务对环境和气候的影响可以采取的作法也因地点不同而各不相同。 | 12. The Secretariat operates in countries with a great variety of infrastructures, markets and local cultures, and what can be done to reduce the environmental and climate impact of its operations varies from location to location. |
13. 秘书长打算修订现有的环境可持续性管理高级别指导小组的职权范围，改变成员构成，形成全秘书处代表性，提供联合国全秘书处总体环境管理系统协调机制。这一协调机制将提供一个框架，借此分享和利用现有的环境管理领域的积极经验和做法，同时改善协调和内部沟通，不断改进资源使用情况。 | 13. The Secretary-General intends to revise the terms of reference of the existing senior level steering group on environmental sustainability management and to adjust the membership to incorporate Secretariat-wide representation in order to provide an overarching Secretariat-wide environmental management system coordi... |
14. 向各个地点提供的中央支助将基于由上述联合国高级指导小组环境可持续性管理问题工作组所提供的指导。 | 14. The central support to locations would be based on the guidance provided by the above-mentioned senior level steering group on environmental sustainability management at the United Nations. |
15. 该行动计划将需要对减少联合国环境足迹采取统一、但权力下放的办法，旨在使每个秘书处的地点确定自身活动最相关的环境影响，提出为消除这些影响而计划采取的行动，并定期核实其有效性。 | 15. The action plan would entail a harmonized but decentralized approach to the reduction of the United Nations environmental footprint, intended to allow each geographic location of the Secretariat to determine the most relevant environmental impacts of their activities, propose planned actions to address these impact... |
16. 这种系统性办法将有助于秘书处在所有地点优先管理最重要的环境风险，并支持首先实施在当地可行的措施。 | 16. Such a systematic approach would help the Secretariat — in all of its locations — to prioritize management of the most significant environmental risks where they occur and to support the implementation of locally viable measures first. |
17. 秘书处的每个地点，包括各特别政治和维持和平特派团，预计将逐步把环境可持续性做法纳入自身的业务和设施管理。在联合国外地特派团 2009 年环境政策获得批准后，联合国外地特派团已经开始这样做。大会第 70/286 号决议(第 31段) 要求秘书长“继续努力减少每一维持和平特派团的总体环境足迹，包括完全按照相关规则和条例，其中包含但不限于联合国环境和废物管理政策和程序，实施环保废物管理和发电系统”。近年来，安全理事会也通过一系列任务规定处理了这一问题。4 因此，外勤支助部已经在拟订环境战略，包括将环境管理系统纳入业务之中。 | 17. Each geographic location of the United Nations Secretariat, including each special political and peacekeeping mission, would be expected to progressively integrate environmental sustainability practices into its operations and facilities management. United Nations field missions have already started doing so, follo... |
18. 每个环境管理系统的核心目标是分析、计划和定期审查业务和设施管理所涉的环境问题；选择有关这些方面的环境目标，并实施有关战略，以实现这些目标。环境管理系统将被纳入现有的综合管理进程，力图遵守现有的规则和条例。5 | 18. The core objectives of each environmental management system would be: to analyse, plan and periodically review the environmental aspects of operations and facilities management; to select environmental objectives related to those aspects; and to implement strategies for achieving them. The system would be integrate... |
19. 秘书处将利用在现有的设施和业务中所做的工作，更有效地利用资源，并将其纳入环境管理系统，为其提供相应的环境。环境管理系统还将力图在促进协同作用和联合举措，实现一个或多个地点共有的环境目标。 | 19. The Secretariat would capitalize on existing efforts in facilities and operations to use resources more efficiently and integrate them into the environmental management systems in order to provide a more complete context. The systems would also be designed to facilitate synergies and joint initiatives for meeting e... |
20. 该行动计划旨在制定一项联合国全秘书处范围的环境政策，同时在每个地点实施环境管理系统。 | 20. The action plan would be designed to develop a Secretariat-wide environmental policy along with the implementation of environmental management systems at each geographic location. |
A. 地方技术小组 | A. Local technical teams |
21. 除了直接向外勤支助部(外勤部)汇报的联合国外地行动外，每一环境管理系统将在相关的地点在高级管理指导小组的指导下，通过现有的负责设施和业务的技术小组在地方层面进行运作。每个高级管理指导小组将向全秘书处范围的环境管理系统协调机制汇报，外勤部将代表外地特派团进行汇报。技术小组将定期评估各自所在地点的政策、程序和活动，分析相关的环境影响、经验教训、改进和协同机会。 | 21. Except for United Nations field operations, which will be reporting directly to the Department of Field Support, each environmental management system would operate at the local level through the existing technical team responsible for facilities and operations under the direction of a senior management steering gro... |
B. 地方高级别指导小组 | B. Local senior level steering groups |
22. 高级管理指导小组将排列改善环境重点领域的优先级；并决定可持续性目标，从而在当地最终实现确定大会第 70/205 号决议所确定的总体目标。 | 22. The senior management steering groups would prioritize areas of focus for environmental improvement and decide on sustainability objectives that, in the local context, would lead to the overall goals defined by the General Assembly inits resolution 70/205. |
23. 技术小组将开展具体活动，以实现各项目标并跟踪在实现目标方面的进展。将向指导小组提交年度进展报告。 | 23. The technical teams would implement specific activities that would lead to the achievement of the goals, track progress towards them and submit annual progress reports to the steering groups. |
24. 从各个地点收集的环境管理系统报告将提交给联合国全秘书处环境管理系统协调机制。各环境管理系统指导小组将利用这些年度报告所载的资料以及当地环境影响定期评估的结果，重新评估环境管理的优先事项和目标。环境管理系统持续监测和改进进程和总体协调机制将成为地方技术、地方高级管理层和全秘书处工作方案的一部分。 | 24. The reports of the environmental management systems from all geographic locations would be submitted to the Secretariat-wide environmental management system coordination mechanism. Using information from the annual reports, as well as from the periodic assessments of environmental impacts at their locations, each s... |
六. 2020 年前对气候不造成不利影响 | VI. No negative impact on the climate by 2020 |
25. 整个秘书处环境管理系统的初期目标是避免气候受到不利影响，同时在业务和设施管理中考虑到其他环境目标。这是指，各实体将努力尽可能减少温室气体排放及其他环境影响，同时满足自身的业务需求，交付任务。秘书处已在整个联合国系统通过标准方法追踪自身温室气体排放情况。 | 25. An initial goal of the environmental management systems across the Secretariat would be to avoid a negative impact on the climate, but they would also take other environmental objectives into account in terms of Secretariat operations and facilities management. This is understood to mean that all entities would und... |
26. 行动计划将考虑部分或全部采取传统和创新但经过证明的方法，或者新旧结合的方法，减少温室气体排放，实现其他环境目标。这类办法的例子包括：加强基础设施，从而提高能源效率；更多地使用可再生能源，如太阳能；使用燃料效率高的地面运输；改善水和废物管理做法等。 | 26. The action plan would consider employing traditional and innovative but proven approaches — in part, in whole or in combination — to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve other environmental objectives. Examples of such approaches would include: infrastructure enhancements that improve energy efficiency; incr... |
七. 成绩报告 | VII. Reporting on achievements |
27. 由于在所有地点实施了环境管理系统，秘书处将通过大会授权的现有渠道，包括秘书长的报告，报告改进情况，将可持续发展的三个层面纳入整个联合国系统的工作。 | 27. As a result of the implementation of environmental management systems at all locations, the Secretariat would report on the improvements achieved through existing channels, including through reports of the Secretary-General mandated by the General Assembly that address the mainstreaming of the three dimensions of s... |
八. 结论 | VIII. Conclusion |
28. 秘书处还通过将可持续发展做法纳入自身的设施和业务管理，致力于积极参与执行《2030 年可持续发展议程》和落实可持续发展目标。 | 28. The Secretariat is committed to taking an active part in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and of the Sustainable Development Goals by integrating sustainable development practices into its management of facilities and operations. |
九. 今后的步骤 | IX. Next steps |
29. 如上文第五节所述，建立联合国全秘书处环境管理系统协调机制并在每个地点建立高级管理指导小组，还要在秘书处各个地点建立环境管理系统。 | 29. The Secretariat will establish a Secretariat-wide environmental management system coordination mechanism, including the establishment of senior management steering groups at each geographic location and environmental management systems at the various geographic locations of the United Nations Secretariat, as descri... |
消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约 Distr.: General | Convention on the Elimination |
16 August 2007 | 16 August 2007 |
Original: English07-46364 (C) 310807 050907 | 07-46365 (E) 060907 |
*0746364* | *0746365* |
消除对妇女歧视委员会 | Discrimination against Women |
会前工作组 | Pre-session working group |
会前工作组审查了摩洛哥第三和第四次合并定期报告（CEDAW/C/MAR/4）。 | Fortieth and forty-first sessions 16-20 July 2007 List of issues and questions with regard to the consideration of periodic reports Morocco The pre-session working group examined the combined third and fourth periodic reports of Morocco (CEDAW/C/MAR/4). |
1. 报告指出，摩洛哥司法部于 2006 年 3 月发表公报宣布，取消对第九条第 2款、第十五条第 4 款、第十六条第 1 款 f 项和第十六条第 2 款的保留；以解释性声明取代对第十六条第 1 款其他诸项和对第二条第 2 款发表的声明（第 29 段）。鉴于保留撤销书还未提交给秘书长，因此请说明撤销保留的时间。 | 1. The report states that the Ministry of Justice issued a statement in March 2006, announcing the withdrawal of Morocco’s reservations to articles 9 (2), 15 (4), 16 (1) (f), 16 (2) and the substitution of a declaration of interpretation for the other subparagraphs of article 16 (1) and article 2 (2) (para. 29). Since ... |
2. 报告表示，一个部际技术委员会正在研究加入《任择议定书》的可能性（第30 段）。请说明在这方面取得的进展以及设想加入《任择议定书》的时间。 | 2. The report indicates that an inter-ministerial technical committee is considering the desirability of accession to the Optional Protocol (para. 30). Please indicate progress made in this regard and the time frame for any contemplated accession. |
3. 报告表示，在编写报告过程中与政府机构、非政府组织、国际组织和联合国专门机构进行了协商（第 2 和第 3 段）。请说明报告是否已提交议会并由议会审议。 | 3. The report indicates that government agencies, non-governmental organizations, international organizations and United Nations specialized agencies were consulted in the preparation of the report (paras. 2 and 3). Please indicate whether the report was also presented to, and considered by, Parliament. |
宪法、立法和国家机构 | Constitution, legislation and national machinery |
4. 报告表示，“已经正式批准并在《官方公报》上发布的国际公约，一旦与国内法律发生冲突，以国际公约为准，在这方面的例证有多项最高法院的裁定”（第32 段）。请具体说明援引《公约》的法院裁定。 | 4. The report indicates that “international instruments that have been duly ratified and published in the Official Gazette take precedence over domestic legislation in the event of a conflict, as may be seen from a number of Supreme Court rulings” (para. 32). Please specify court decisions where the Convention has been... |
5. 报告承认，尽管摩洛哥已经进行了各项法律改革，但是法律中还保留了一些歧视性的规定，例如：如果夫妻双方都参加了社会保险，家庭补贴只发给丈夫（第 48 段）。请说明对此问题及其他歧视条款进行改革的措施以及预期改革时间框架。 | 5. The report acknowledges that despite various law reform efforts, the law has retained some discriminatory aspects, such as family benefits being paid to the husband even if both spouses are registered under the social security system (para. 48). Please indicate the steps being taken to reform this and other discrimi... |
6. 报告表示，摩洛哥一直在采取各种旨在促进人权和两性平等文化的举措，这一趋势显而易见，但这方面所作的努力受到缺乏协调、工作过于分散、财政和人力资源不足等因素的影响（第 96 段）。请说明为解决这些障碍而正在采取的措施，包括（从财务和人力资源两方面）加强家庭、儿童福利和残疾人事务国务秘书处，使其作为提高妇女地位的国家机构能够发挥作用，协调和巩固促进两性平等的工作。 | 6. The report indicates that although there has been a clearly discernible trend towards the development of initiatives aimed at promoting a culture of human rights and gender equality, such efforts are hindered by a lack of coordination and dispersion of efforts and lack of financial and human resources (para. 96). Pl... |
7. 报告表示，2002 年 12 月，财政部长启动了将性别观点纳入政府预算编制与工作分析的进程，并编写了一份性别报告，附在经济和财政报告内，连同2006 年财政法草案送交议会（第 69 段）。请说明性别观点是否以及如何纳入2006 年财政法草案。请同时说明分配给提高妇女地位国家机构的预算比例。 | 7. The report indicates that, in December 2002, the Minister of Finance initiated a process aimed at integrating a gender perspective into the Government’s budget preparation and analysis of operations and that a gender report was prepared and appended to the economic and financial report that accompanied the draft 200... |
妇女参与公共生活与决策 | Participation of women in public life and decision-making |
8. 报告表示，政府引入了新制度，各政党承诺在众议院中为妇女保留 10％的席位，从而使摩洛哥妇女的代表性从 1997 年的 0.6％上升到 2002 年选举时的 10.7％。现在妇女团体正在为 2007 年的选举努力宣传，为妇女争取 30％的席位配额（第 77 和 78 段，第 122 至 125 段）。请说明为实施这些配额而采取的措施以及修订 2007 年《众议院组织法》的预期时间框架。 | 8. The report indicates that the Government introduced a system where political parties committed to reserving 10 per cent of the seats in the House of Representatives for women, bringing the representation of women up from 0.6 per cent in 1997 to 10.7 per cent in the 2002 elections, and that women’s groups are mobiliz... |
9. 根据报告，在市一级并没有配额规定或政党为妇女候选人保留席位的承诺。其结果是，2003 年，在市一级的当选候选人中只有 0.53％为妇女。请说明摩洛哥为增加市一级妇女立法者人数正采取哪些措施，包括根据《公约》第四条第 1 款和委员会一般性建议 25 采取的暂行特别措施，以及预期时间框架，特别是考虑到委员会此前的结论意见（A/58/38，第 165 段）。 | 9. According to the report, there is no quota system or commitment of political parties to reserve seats for women candidates at the municipal level and, as a result, women comprised only 0.53 per cent of the elected candidates at the municipal level in 2003. Please indicate the steps being taken, including temporary s... |
10. 在此前的结论意见中，委员会呼吁缔约国根据《公约》第四条第 1 款和委员会一般性建议 25，提高所有领域的决策职位中妇女所占比例（A/58/38，第165 段）。然而，报告指出：“担任决策职务的妇女不仅人数相对较少，而且职务都主要集中在社会和教育领域”（第 145 段）。请说明为提高妇女参与决策人数而正在采取的措施，包括暂行特别措施，特别是在男子主导的领域采取的措施，以及这些措施的影响。 | 10. The Committee, in its previous concluding comments called upon the State party to increase women’s representation in decision-making positions in all spheres, in accordance with article 4 paragraph 1, of the Convention and general recommendation 25 of the Committee (A/58/38, para. 165). However, the report states t... |
11. 请说明政府为增加妇女在外交领域和国际一级的人数而正在采取的措施。 | 11. Please provide information on what measures the Government is taking to increase the number of women in diplomacy and at the international level. |
暴力侵害妇女行为 | Violence against women |
12. 报告表示，摩洛哥已指示该国所有警局每月收集关于暴力侵害妇女行为的数据和信息（第 47 段）。请提供过去三年收集的信息，并说明在这些案件中，有多少侵害者被起诉、被定罪以及量刑情况。 | 12. The report indicates that all police stations in Morocco have been instructed to gather monthly statistics and information on violence against women (para. 47). Please provide the information gathered in the last three years and indicate the number of these cases that resulted in prosecutions of the offender, the n... |
13. 经济、社会和文化权利委员会近期对家庭暴力和性骚扰不在《刑法》所列罪行范畴表示关切，并建议将家庭暴力和工作场所中的性骚扰纳入《刑法》所列的刑事犯罪范围，对执法人员和法官进行培训，使他们了解家庭暴力的刑事性质（E/C.12/MAR/CO/3，第 23 和 50 段）。请说明根据这些建议所采取的措施。 | 13. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights recently expressed concerns that domestic violence and sexual harassment were not offences under the Criminal Code and recommended that domestic violence and sexual harassment in the workplace be made criminal offences under the Criminal Code and that law enforc... |
14. 报告指出，2002 年，摩洛哥通过了消除暴力侵害妇女行为的国家战略，在战略的四个目标中包括“将各种形式的暴力侵害妇女行为定为刑事犯罪和侵犯人权行为”（第 394 和 398 段）。然而，2004 年该战略实施计划所列的五个优先领域却并未包括将暴力侵害妇女行为定为刑事犯罪（第 399 和 400 段）。请解释这一不一致之处的原因。 | 14. The report states that a national strategy to eliminate violence against women was adopted in 2002 that included among its four objectives “action to make various forms of violence against women criminal offences and violations of human rights” (paras. 394 and 398). However the 2004 plan to implement this strategy ... |
15. 根据报告，解决暴力侵害妇女问题的主要制约因素是受暴力侵害妇女收容所数量不足（第 49 段）。请说明为改善这种局面并建立更多收容所而正在采取的措施。还请说明政府正采取哪些步骤以支持非政府组织应对暴力侵害妇女行为问题。 | 15. According to the report, the inadequacy of shelters for battered women is the main constraint in addressing violence against women (para. 49). Please indicate steps that are being taken to remedy this situation and to establish more shelters. Please also indicate what steps the Government is taking to support non-g... |
贩运人口和利用妇女卖淫营利 | Trafficking and exploitation of prostitution |
16. 报告指出，根据《刑法》，利用他人卖淫营利是刑事犯罪行为（第 109 段）。请提供信息说明过去三年因为利用他人卖淫营利而被逮捕、定罪的人数以及量刑情况。 | 16. The report states that exploitation of the prostitution of others is a criminal offence under the Criminal Code (para. 109). Please provide information of the number of persons who have been arrested for exploitation of prostitution of others in the last three years, the numbers convicted and the sentences imposed. |
17. 根据报告，创造就业一直是摩洛哥发展战略的重要特点，但是，促进就业的各种举措“都明显缺乏对性别平等的考虑”（第 246 和 247 段），性别观点还未充分纳入经济发展战略的主流（第 292 段）。当前妇女的失业率高于男子，妇女失业更多为结构性失业，而歧视妇女是就业市场中的一个普遍现象（第 240 段，第244 和 245 段）。请说明在这种形势下，摩洛哥采取哪些步骤并在怎样的时间目标下把两性平等关切问题纳入就业创造与经济发展战略的主流。 | 17. According to the report, job creation has been an essential feature of Morocco’s development strategy but “the gender dimension has been conspicuously absent” from the various job creation initiatives (paras. 246 and 247) and gender has not been adequately mainstreamed into economic development strategies (para. 29... |
18. 报告承认，虽然《劳动法》禁止性骚扰，国家也颁布了保护家庭雇工的法律（第 262 和 263 段），但是这些措施“因为缺乏配套措施，所以未能成为消除性骚扰的有效手段”（第 264 段）。请说明解决工作场所性骚扰问题的各种配套措施。 | 18. While noting that the Labour Code prohibits sexual harassment and that legislation has been enacted to protect domestic workers (paras. 262 and 263), the report acknowledges that these measures “do not constitute an effective means of eliminating sexual harassment in the absence of supporting action” (para. 264). P... |
19. 报告表示，“主要由于文化因素，两性在使用资源、信贷和资本方面的不平等依然很突出”，由妇女建立的企业在融资时受到多种贷款条件限制（第 295 段）。委员会在此前的结论意见中建议缔约国确保妇女平等获得贷款及其它形式的金融支持（A/58/38，第 175 段）。请说明摩洛哥正采取哪些措施，便利妇女获得信贷和低息贷款。 | 19. The report indicates that “access to resources, credit and capital continues to be marked by inequality resulting primarily from cultural factors” and that loan conditions are an obstacle to funding of business ventures launched by women (para. 295). Please indicate steps being taken to facilitate women’s access to... |
教育和陈规定型观念 | Education and stereotypes |
20. 报告指出，摩洛哥妇女，特别是农村妇女的低识字率是实现两性平等的一大障碍（第 49 段）。由于扫盲政策和方案的设计者之间缺乏协调，影响了这些政策和方案的效果，以致许多扫盲项目都止步于试验阶段（第 198 段）。请说明摩洛哥正采取哪些措施来协调提高妇女识字率的政策和方案，增强它们的效果。 | 20. The report identifies the low level of literacy among Moroccan women, especially in rural areas, as an impediment to gender equality (para. 49) and points out that the lack of coordination among originators of policies and programmes relating to literacy has hampered their effectiveness such that most projects have... |
21. 报告指出，1997 年，国家对 120 种教科书进行了分析，发现其中含有性别歧视的内容（第 81 段）。请说明这些教科书是否已经修改，是否删除了有关性别的陈旧定型观念，并说明摩洛哥采取了哪些措施，确保学校的教科书与课程设置不再反映关于男女角色方面的陈旧定型观念。 | 21. The report states that in 1997, 120 school textbooks were analysed and found to contain sexist materials (para. 81). Please indicate whether such textbooks have been revised to eliminate gender stereotypes and what steps have been taken to ensure that school textbooks and curricula do not portray stereotyped roles ... |
22. 报告表示，女孩受教育的领域多“为家庭范畴的延伸”，是“劳动力市场上不热门的技能”（第 201 段）。请说明摩洛哥订立了哪些战略和目标，用以提高非传统学习领域女性学生的人数，如：工业领域和科学领域，并说明这些战略的影响。 | 22. The report indicates that girls tend to dominate educational “fields that constitute extensions of the domestic sphere” and “do not provide them with marketable skills” (para. 201). Please describe the strategies and targets in place for increasing the number of female students in non-traditional fields of study, s... |
23. 请提供更多准确信息，说明大学中妇女与男子的人数，按学科分列，包括妇女学生及妇女教职工人数。 | 23. Please provide more precise information on the number of women at universities as compared to men, disaggregated by area of discipline, including women students and faculty members. |
卫生保健 | Health |
24. 报告表示，2004 年，妇女占所有据报艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例的 38％（第 284段）。请说明当前应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的方案是否结合了两性观点，是否有特别针对妇女的预防措施。 | 24. The report indicates that women accounted for 38 per cent of all reported cases of HIV/AIDS in 2004 (para. 284). Please indicate whether existing programmes to combat HIV/AIDS integrate a gender perspective and whether special measures for prevention that target women are in place. |
25. 委员会在此前的结论意见中对医疗设施不足、农村妇女缺乏医疗服务表示关切（A/58/38，第 172 段）。然而，报告未就医疗设施的数量，特别是农村及边远地区的设施数量以及妇女获得医疗服务的状况提供充分信息。请提供这方面信息。 | 25. In its previous concluding comments, the Committee expressed concern about the insufficient number of health-care facilities and the lack of access of rural women to health services (A/58/38, para. 172). However, the report does not provide adequate information about the number of health-care facilities, particular... |
婚姻与家庭关系 | Marriage and family relations |
26. 报告表示，宗教和伊斯兰事务部发布了星期五在清真寺布道的准则，其中更重视人的尊严和节制（第 93 段）。请说明这些准则以及宗教和伊斯兰事务部其它举措是否注重性别平等与非歧视，特别是该事务部是否支持新的家庭法，是否利用星期五的布道向妇女宣传家庭法中规定的妇女权利。 | 26. The report indicates that the Ministry of Habous and Islamic Affairs has issued guidelines for Friday sermons in mosques, featuring greater emphasis on human dignity and moderation (para. 93). Please indicate whether such guidelines and other initiatives of the Ministry of Habous and Islamic Affairs focus on gender... |
27. 法律禁止伊斯兰妇女与非伊斯兰男子通婚，新家庭法未禁止一夫多妻制，人权事务委员会对此表示关切，建议对适用法律进行修订（CCPR/CO/82/MAR，第 27段）。请说明在这方面正采取的措施以及设想修订相关法律的时间。 | 27. The Human Rights Committee expressed a concern about the legal ban on marriages between Muslim women and non-Muslim men and about the new Family Code’s failure to ban the practice of polygamy and recommended the revision of applicable legislation (CCPR/CO/82/MAR, para. 27). Please indicate steps being taken in this... |
农村妇女 | Rural women |
28. 报告表示，在报告提交时，摩洛哥正在拟定一项行动计划，旨在将两性平等方针纳入农业及农村发展的政策、方案和项目（第 310 段）。请说明行动计划的状况以及有时间框架的惠及农村妇女的目标。 | 28. The report indicates that at the time of its submission a plan of action was being developed to integrate a gender approach into agricultural and rural developmental policies, programmes and projects (para. 310). Please indicate the status of this plan of action and its time bound targets for the benefit of rural w... |
第二十条第 1 款 | Article 20, paragraph 1 |
经济及社会理事会 Distr.: General | Economic and Social Council Distr.: General |
15 December 2020ChineseOriginal: English (C) 281220 120121 | 20-17129 (E) 291220 |
Original: English (C) 281220 120121*2017129* | *2017129* |
妇女地位委员会第六十五届会议 | Sixty-fifth session |
2021 年 3 月 15 日至 26 日 | 15–26 March 2021 |
临时议程*项目 3(a)㈡ | Item 3 (a) (ii) of the provisional agenda* |
第四次妇女问题世界会议以及题为“2000 年妇女：二十一世纪性别平等、发展与和平”的大会第二十三届特别会议的后续行动：重大关切领域战略目标和行动的执行情况以及进一步的行动和倡议：审查主题：增强妇女权能和与可持续发展的联系 | Follow-up to the Fourth World Conference on Women and to the twenty-third special session of the General Assembly, entitled “Women 2000: gender equality, development and peace for the twenty-first century”: implementation of strategic objectives and action in critical areas of concern and further actions and initiative... |
审查妇女地位委员会第六十届会议商定结论的执行情况 | Review of the implementation of the agreed conclusions of the sixtieth session of the Commission on the Status of Women |
秘书长的报告 | Report of the Secretary-General |
摘要 | Summary |
本报告审查《2030 年可持续发展议程》通过五年后，会员国执行妇女地位委员会第六十届会议关于增强妇女权能和与可持续发展的联系的商定结论的情况。审查是在高度动荡和不确定的全球和国家背景下进行的，因为冠状病毒病疫情加深了不平等，令卫生保健系统捉襟见肘，加剧了暴力侵害妇女和女童行为，改变了政府和国际社会的战略优先事项，对在可持续发展背景下实现性别平等和增强妇女权能构成了巨大挑战。 | The present report provides a review of the implementation by Member States of the agreed conclusions of the sixtieth session of the Commission on the Status of Women on women’s empowerment and the link to sustainable development, five years after the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The review ... |
* E/CN.6/2021/1。 | * E/CN.6/2021/1. |
一. 导言 | I. Introduction |
1. 在妇女地位委员会第五十九届会议上，会员国商定了委员会的新工作方法(见经济及社会理事会第 2015/6 号决议)，其中包括更严格地审查与前一届会议优先主题有关的商定结论，鼓励落实成果。作为审查进程的一环，委员会审议国家一级在这一主题上取得进展的报告。 | 1. At the fifty-ninth session of the Commission on the Status of Women, Member States agreed on new working methods for the Commission (see Economic and Social Council resolution 2015/6), which included a more rigorous review of the agreed conclusions relating to a priority theme from a previous session in order to enc... |
2. 根据 2021-2024 年多年工作方案(见经济及社会理事会第 2020/15 号决议)，委员会第六十五届会议的审查主题是“增强妇女权能和与可持续发展的联系”。委员会在 2016 年第六十届会议上通过了关于这一主题的商定结论(见 E/2016/27-E/CN.6/2016/22，第一章，A 节)。委员会此前在 2019 年 3 月第六十三届会议上审查了这些商定结论的执行情况(见 E/CN.6/2019/4)。 | 2. The review theme of the Commission at its sixty-fifth session is “Women’s empowerment and the link to sustainable development”, in accordance with its multi-year programme of work for 2021–2024 (see Economic and Social Council resolution 2020/15). The Commission had adopted agreed conclusions on that theme at its si... |
3. 本报告审查了自上次审查以来两年内会员国执行关于“增强妇女权能和与可持续发展的联系”的商定结论的情况。报告审议了疫情对妇女赋权和可持续发展的影响，以及会员国在以下领域采取的行动：加强规范、法律和政策框架；加强国家体制安排；资助性别平等和增强妇女和女童权能；加强妇女领导能力，让其充分平等地参与决策；在《2030 年可持续发展议程》后续行动中，改进促进性别平等的数据收集工作，跟踪和监测疫情对不同性别的影响和应对措施。 | 3. This report provides a review of the implementation by Member States of the agreed conclusions on “Women’s empowerment and the link to sustainable development”, covering the two years’ period since the previous review. It considers the impacts of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on women’s empowerment and... |
4. 本报告参考了《北京宣言和行动纲要》通过二十五周年对其执行情况的审查和评估(见 E/CN.6/2020/3)。本报告借鉴了从会员国1 和其他来源收到的信息，包括秘书长关于实现可持续发展目标进展情况的报告(见 E/2019/68 和 E/2020/57)以及 2019 年和 2020 年可持续发展高级别政治论坛的自愿国别评估。 | 4. The report is informed by the review and appraisal of the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action on the twenty-fifth anniversary of its adoption (see E/CN.6/2020/3). It also draws on information received from Member States1 and other sources, including the reports of the Secretary-General ... |
5. 本报告附有会员国在委员会第六十五届会议上自愿介绍的经验教训、挑战和最佳做法。 | 5. The present report will be accompanied by presentations by Member States, on a voluntary basis, of lessons learned, challenges and best practices, at the sixty-fifth session of the Commission. |
二. 商定结论的重要性 | II. Importance of the agreed conclusions |
6. 委员会第六十届会议的商定结论强调了《2030 年议程》与《北京宣言和行动纲要》之间相辅相成，是促进性别平等、执行监测实现可持续发展目标进展情况的路线图，同时不让妇女和女童掉队。2 商定结论强调，促进性别平等的《2030年议程》执行工作需要加快行动，兑现以前的承诺，包括《北京宣言和行动纲要》，实现性别平等和增强妇女和女童权能，以及平等享有所有人权和基本自由。促进性别平等的《2030 年议程》执行工作是普遍、综合和不可分割的，发展中国家和发达国家均可适用。 | 6. The agreed conclusions of the sixtieth session of the Commission highlight the alignment between the 2030 Agenda and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and serve as a road map for the gender-responsive implementation and monitoring of progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals, while leaving no ... |
7. 商定结论重申，实现性别平等和增强所有妇女和女童的权能是可持续发展的先决条件，对于实现所有可持续发展目标和具体目标方面取得进展至关重要，因此呼吁采取行动，反映实现性别平等和增强所有妇女和女童的权能(目标 5)与其他各项目标之间相辅相成的联系。 | 7. The agreed conclusions reaffirm that realizing gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls is a precondition for sustainable development and crucial to making progress towards all the Sustainable Development Goals and targets, and thereby call for actions reflecting the mutually reinforcing links betw... |
8. 商定结论确认民间社会，包括妇女组织和社区组织、女权团体和妇女人权维护者在促进性别平等、执行《2030 年议程》中重视妇女和女童利益、优先事项和愿望方面做的重大贡献，呼吁参与和包容、增加资源和支持以及安全和有利的环境，以便妇女组织和民间社会组织能够充分促进性别平等、大力落实可持续发展目标的后续行动和审查。 | 8. The agreed conclusions recognize the major contributions made by civil society, including women’s and community-based organizations, feminist groups and women human rights defenders in placing the interests, priorities and aspirations of women and girls at the forefront of the gender-responsive implementation of the... |
9. 商定结论突出强调对《2030 年议程》采取促进性别平等的后续行动和审查，为此需要改进国际和国家标准方法以及国家统计能力，编制和传播按性别、年龄、收入和其他特征分列的高质量、可靠和及时的数据，以及衡量妇女和女童可持续发展目标进展情况的关键领域的性别统计数据。这些领域反映在大会第 71/313 号决议通过的全球指标框架中；在框架的 231 个独特指标中，51 个是具体针对性别的。3 | 9. The agreed conclusions give prominence to the gender-responsive follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda, for which improved international and national standards and methodologies and national statistical capacities are needed to produce and disseminate high-quality, reliable and timely data disaggregated by sex, age... |
三. 执行商定结论的背景 | III. Context for the implementation of the agreed conclusions |
10. 商定结论的执行是在日益复杂和动荡的经济、政治和环境条件下进行的。全球经济经历了十多年的危机、衰退、财政紧缩和不平等的加剧，面临着前所未有的挑战和不确定性，疫情造成的经济、社会和健康影响加剧了气候和环境危机的持续影响，使人们进一步落后。各国政府采取了广泛措施，遏制病毒传播及其经济和社会影响。然而，这些干预措施使发展中国家面临迫在眉睫的严重债务危机和财政整顿，将削减公共投资和卫生、教育和社会保护支出，危及到 2030 年实现可持续发展目标的可能性，令“可持续发展目标行动十年”更为紧迫。4 | 10. The implementation of the agreed conclusions took place in increasingly complex and volatile economic, political and environmental conditions. The global economy, after more than a decade of crisis, recession, fiscal austerity and deepening inequality, has faced unprecedented challenges and uncertainties with the e... |
11. 对《北京宣言和行动纲要》执行情况的 25 年审查和评估显示，尽管采取了重要步骤来减少性别差距和不平等，但进展没有达到会员国 1995年作出的承诺，在一些领域，现状比以前更糟。发达国家和发展中国家的收入和财富不平等已经上升到比 25 年前更高的水平，妇女和女童受影响更大(见 E/CN.6/2020/3)。特别是，25 岁至 34 岁的妇女比男子更有可能生活赤贫，女子高过男子 25%，这一年龄跨度与生儿育女、家庭费用增加正相吻合，妇女的养育责任令其很难参与有偿工作(见 A/74/111)。从 2018 年到 2019 年，获得充足食物上的性别差距有所扩大，女性严重缺乏粮食安全的可能比男性高 27%。5 自 1998 年以来，预计... | 11. The 25-year review and appraisal of the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action revealed that, despite important steps to reduce gender gaps and inequalities, progress has not matched the commitments that Member States made in 1995 and that, in some areas, the situation is worse now than b... |
12. 从全球来看，1998 年至 2018 年，劳动力参与方面的性别差距停滞在 31%，性别薪酬差距平均保持在 20%。妇女从事无偿看护和家政工作，平均是男子的三倍，并且继续集中于非正规经济中的弱势就业，很少或没有劳动和社会保护(见E/CN.6/2020/3)。暴力侵害妇女和女童行为仍然普遍存在，世界各地的女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性者和双性人妇女遭受暴力和骚扰的风险更高(同上)。面临年龄、阶级、种族、族裔、性取向和性别认同、残疾、移民身份等多种交叉形式歧视的妇女和女童取得的进展最少(同上)，这一系列因素将使她们不成比例地受到疫情的影响(见 E/2020/57)。 | 12. At the global level, the gender gap in labour force participation stagnated at 31 per cent between 1998 and 2018, and the gender pay gap remains on average at 20 per cent. Women do on average three times more unpaid care and domestic work than men and continue to be concentrated in vulnerable employment in the info... |
13. 冠状病毒病疫情危机加深了性别不平等，影响了女工比例过高的经济部门，大幅增加了妇女和女童的护理负担，造成了暴力侵害妇女和女童行为的阴影蔓延。8 | 13. The COVID-19 crisis has deepened gender inequalities, afflicted economic sectors that have an overrepresentation of women workers, dramatically increased the care burdens of women and girls and caused a shadow pandemic of violence against them. 8 |
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