id stringlengths 30 30 | corpus stringclasses 3 values | sentence stringlengths 10 1.38k | token stringlengths 1 16 ⌀ | complexity float64 0 0.86 | difficulty stringclasses 5 values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3M7OI89LVYOS99TV70NIZAWVGOD6C5 | biomed | The importance of efficient mechanisms for apoptotic cell clearance in vivo is supported by the observation that autoimmune responses can be provoked in mice when key molecules for apoptotic cell recognition and uptake are missing. | recognition | 0.28125 | easy |
3AC6MFV69KILEROMVXYU7ZM6YKFHZG | biomed | Our present results are in agreement with these observations, and provide further evidence that NT-3 acts as a chemoattractant for sensory afferents. | observations | 0.176471 | very easy |
3BFF0DJK8XCEIOT30ZLBPPSRMZATSX | biomed | These latter observations suggest that PGC-1α is involved in the physiologic control of energy metabolism. | observations | 0.192308 | very easy |
3ZQA3IO31BRYBCP1RZKSZEZVXSF1O0 | biomed | A much broader scope of cellular functions of alpha-crystallin in lens is inferred from in vitro observations. | observations | 0.234375 | easy |
371QPA24C2OEO4U9NG6RTO5IWZX1TL | biomed | These observations suggest that a primary event leading to deafness in Slc26a4-/- mice, and potentially in patients suffering from Pendred syndrome, is the loss of the endocochlear potential. | observations | 0.236111 | easy |
33TGB4G0LPHME5F2U9RYOX9J1FATX5 | biomed | Virtually-multiplexed transcript abundance data are highly suited to identification of genes that have correlated transcript abundance values. | values | 0.303571 | easy |
3PEG1BH7AERGYJMEV4LOY9VVZZVKBH | biomed | Interestingly, several ETS transcription factors are activated through release of autoinhibition via interaction with cofactors and/or via post-translational modifications [35,36,37]. | modifications | 0.176471 | very easy |
3NC6WP7WJHKZHME6F90N9Y2BW6NWW4 | biomed | We next analyzed specific histone modifications [27] in chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments using native chromatin [28]. | modifications | 0.276316 | easy |
3XQ4XW3OD9CKYPZQHK1FO2J1MMX2SE | biomed | Currently it is held that excitatory dopamine D1Rs mediate the acquisition and expression of several conditioned behaviors involving food reinforcers [e.g. [6,7]] as well as responding for conditioned cues predictive of cocaine delivery [9] – consistent with the interpretation that D1R mediated signaling might modulate the maintenance of stimulus-response outcomes. | maintenance | 0.176471 | very easy |
3KL228NDMVMCP0UPBQD2ZKMSFBUGKZ | biomed | During mouse pre-implantation development, the genome undergoes a series of major epigenetic changes required for embryonic gene expression, the maintenance of totipotency, and the first differentiation events [1,2]. | maintenance | 0.25 | easy |
3IWA71V4TIGGC74QYWJ5DNH5H60X6X | biomed | Although this property may be a major contributor to the maintenance of lens clarity, the early changes in the alphaA/BKO lenses indicate a much broader cellular function for alpha-crystallin. | maintenance | 0.328125 | easy |
3VI0PC2ZAYK61DAUYS5ZUN3W26VXON | biomed | In Drosophila, retrograde BMP signals from the target region control the terminal differentiation of a subpopulation of peptidergic neurons expressing Apterous and Squeeze [11,12]. | target | 0.176471 | very easy |
3BAWBGQGYLZ7CID0HRNFVGKGW6IV7X | biomed | In the present study, the biochemical experiments demonstrate that the mr-s protein functions as a transcriptional repressor and possibly down-regulates the spatial and temporal expression of the target genes during retinal photoreceptor development. | target | 0.233333 | easy |
3NI0WFPPI9G8FHYFVKUY49UU7ZL60H | biomed | The enhanced sensitivity to cadmium toxicity that we found for mouse embryonic fibroblasts upon a combination of Mtf1 deletion and depletion of glutathione further corroborates the importance of MTF-1 and its target genes as well as reduced glutathione for an efficient anti-cadmium defense. | target | 0.319444 | easy |
385MDVINFCFDB2E78AH8K883UAFJWX | biomed | Although the precise molecular functions of these ADAMs are still unclear, further investigations will provide clues to understanding the nervous system of higher organisms. | investigations | 0.178571 | very easy |
3MD8CKRQZZN836XL9G72X90M2V0JRU | biomed | We [5,8], and others [9–17], have recently extended the power of this approach by incorporating genome-wide gene expression array analysis, which allows us to model the “genetics of gene expression” using similar methods. | methods | 0.178571 | very easy |
3IVEC1GSLPZKA1Y4BMSNRII9YXBJ13 | biomed | DNA binding assays and electron microscopy methods were used to show that a BRC3 peptide interferes with the ability of RAD51 to assemble into oligomeric filaments on DNA. | methods | 0.232143 | easy |
329E6HTMSW2BVOI1GB6IGQXJB6KK3Q | biomed | We discovered that in Alk5/Wnt1-Cre mutants, pharyngeal organs (thymus and parathyroid) fail to migrate appropriately. | organs | 0.178571 | very easy |
3YGE63DIN8X69WDLM27223T7V1A0W8 | biomed | Our data suggest that ALK5 is required cell autonomously in the NC to mediate non-redundant signaling events that are essential for appropriate patterning of the pharyngeal organs and cardiac OFT. | organs | 0.210526 | easy |
3IQ9O0AYW6ZPOAQ7VNRXLNM4D1DITZ | biomed | The development of sexually dimorphic reproductive organs is a common feature among animal species. | organs | 0.25 | easy |
3R16PJFTS3RWDK15GPB1QVPPP6LK4G | biomed | However, our findings indicate that the coactivator PGC-1α serves a critical role in the normal metabolic function of multiple organs and for appropriate adaptation to physiologic stress during postnatal life. | organs | 0.28125 | easy |
3J9L0X0VDFMO5Q1YMYQVVEU0Y539WS | biomed | Intriguingly, all of the dox-reared animals, both transgenic and wild-type, showed altered circadian rhythms with far less distinction between their day- and nighttime activity levels. | rhythms | 0.178571 | very easy |
3CRWSLD91K4V71BQKL3QJ6NYV2BMOS | biomed | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the two inbred strains of mice for prothrombotic risk, utilizing a ferric chloride vascular injury model, tail bleeding assay, and measures of coagulation and fibrinolysis. | model | 0.25 | easy |
3VMHWJRYHVGCV0X1ZPM97TUIA59XF6 | biomed | The purpose of this study was to characterize this murine model of recessive nephrogenic DI. | model | 0.285714 | easy |
31GECDVA9JM3TSKUX9AFDA4LK2266D | biomed | A second model is that exercise may induce expression of PGC-1α (Goto et al. 2000) and thereby activate PPARδ. | model | 0.307692 | easy |
3IWA71V4TIGGC74QYWJ5DNH5H66X63 | biomed | Moreover, this is the first study to indicate recessive endosomal/lysosomal membrane trafficking defects and mitochondrial dysfunction that precedes subunit c deposition in an accurate JNCL model. | model | 0.333333 | easy |
3PR3LXCWSFZ3UQ6OW3MHXX87778X98 | biomed | Even though they had lost their characteristic ES cell morphology all three RFP+ ES cell lines went gemline as detected by coat color and PCR for the DsRed1 transgene (data not shown). | coat | 0.220588 | easy |
373L46LKP76MG2KQJWY5WXE8736JK1 | biomed | The fact that some genes are chosen more frequently, and when chosen may be expressed at higher levels per cell, is intriguing given each olfactory neuron's single-allele expression regime. | cell | 0.178571 | very easy |
3EQVJH0T40LPSFFNP59CLBLPDOTHT0 | biomed | First, it is possible that there are two distinct types of rod precursor; loss of Nr2e3 in one leads to S-cone fate and in the other results in a hybrid cell type. | cell | 0.2375 | easy |
3UUSLRKAUL3LI1DEQ6NLPUE9WZF7DB | biomed | In cell (ii), localization of wild-type AQP2 was indistinguishable from AQP2-F204V-GFP; both were apical upon forskolin stimulation. | cell | 0.25 | easy |
3XAOZ9UYRZR1WO2H6CCWOJUVCS3Q11 | biomed | In current study, the Acdp1 C-terminus antibody only recognizes Acdp1 in brain tissue extracts as well as in HEK293, 3T3 and PC12 cell lysates, suggesting the specificity of the antibody. | cell | 0.276316 | easy |
3UV0D2KX1MJLXY9RFEK4AIXKHAZF44 | biomed | Cell lines defective in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 are sensitive to damaging agents that form double-strand breaks (DSBs), as are other cell lines defective in recombinational repair (reviewed in [15]). | cell | 0.279412 | easy |
3IH9TRB0FBZOFQEYT47NFH39LIH1I4 | biomed | The long term retention of afferents in the cochlear apex in the absence of any apparent differentiation of hair cells raises hopes for cochlear implants in deaf-born children. | term | 0.178571 | very easy |
3APP19WN71E5QL909MJ1P1HAEG5G6P | biomed | Several lines of evidence, based on the results of overexpression studies, indicate that PGC-1α is sufficient to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and regulate mitochondrial respiratory capacity. | results | 0.178571 | very easy |
35JDMRECC499302FF42Z1P9NVFREG8 | biomed | The overall finding of modest reductions in rod-specific gene expression is entirely in keeping with the results of the present study. | results | 0.2375 | easy |
3R5OYNIC2C9H5WDB8IHHUKNGZF8PTI | biomed | Our results showed that cholesterol deficiency, caused by loss of Dhcr7 activity, did not alter lung branching morphogenesis (early gestational stages, E9.5 to E14.5). | results | 0.25 | easy |
301KG0KX9CLV8GLA6QPGKOCZDBGH28 | biomed | Although these results provide insight into the nature of hg modifier QTL, it should be noted, that the actual number and precise location of loci is still unclear. | results | 0.2875 | easy |
3R15W654VDTEMV6LZMUF8Y39AY8QL7 | biomed | Sorcin also has been described as interaction partner of the ryanodine receptor, and appears to modulate its function [15]. | partner | 0.178571 | very easy |
334ZEL5JX6FY5WOV4IZCVFM4NRYOSB | biomed | CAF-1 could be required for the loading, into heterochromatin, of an interacting partner required for the clustering of pericentric domains. | partner | 0.183333 | very easy |
3W5PY7V3UP7H0797NBZW55TJ5IKJY1 | biomed | Red blood cells, which were thought to be devoid of annexin A7, were recently shown to harbor the 47 kDa isoform together with its binding partner sorcin [7]. | partner | 0.21875 | easy |
3VADEH0UHCXGQW0WJICRKFRUXWPPSO | biomed | Few studies of LCA animal models have extended their examination of retinal pathology to the ultrastructural level. | models | 0.180556 | very easy |
341H3G5YF0EA3RIQXPR917NPC3E0ZY | biomed | The significant neonatal mortality in MCAD−/− mice is distinctive from these other mouse models suggesting a greater degree of sensitivity to fasting intolerance. | models | 0.183333 | very easy |
3EAWOID6MTXTU7DGWS26G1ATOS7V0S | biomed | However, isolated factors are remarkably consistent between RA and the different animal models [3,9]. | models | 0.225 | easy |
3LB1BGHFL2WBEA5CZ5D07BGS3KBTYG | biomed | Mouse embryos that are homozygous for the genetic modification die during embryogenesis, and some of the models do not survive beyond gastrulation [8,11]. | models | 0.265625 | easy |
35YHTYFL1G3KRBS6ZALRJ8XXUU1VF1 | biomed | Furthermore, the region on Chromosome 7 associated with the development of lupus nephritis has been linked to the same trait in other murine models of SLE (Santiago et al. 1998; Morel et al. 1999; Xie et al. 2002), suggesting the possibility of shared susceptibility loci. | models | 0.275 | easy |
3PR3LXCWSFZ3UQ6OW3MHXX8777EX9E | biomed | The confounding effects of sex are likely the reason for the discrepancies between the congenic and genome scan results, where both sexes were analyzed together. | reason | 0.205882 | easy |
3J6BHNX0U9SIZSBBYUQXP4VPGO9KN6 | biomed | Now, our finding that huntingtin can be absolutely necessary for the appropriate regulation of genes with dynamic expression patterns in vivo, provides a compelling reason to elucidate the cellular machinery that is necessary for huntingtin mediated gene regulation. | reason | 0.266667 | easy |
36GJS3V78VQHEGO7T5DQY5MF0MPGJV | biomed | Thin layers of articular cartilage line the bones of synovial joints and provide a smooth, wear-resistant structure that reduces friction and absorbs impact forces (Brandt et al. 1998). | impact | 0.214286 | easy |
3SV8KD29L4SCGHPU1I1RKR2YQ1JKZN | biomed | This provides a framework for conceptualizing why E-cadherin levels appear to impact upon a plethora of developmental processes (reviewed in [11]). | impact | 0.214286 | easy |
31JUPBOORN48GR6PDSDFM7I9GSH8L9 | biomed | Interestingly, heterozygous crosses involving the Capn4 transgenic line generated by Zimmerman and colleagues yielded progeny with a similar, if less extreme, skewing in favor of the heterozygous genotype. | favor | 0.183333 | very easy |
3P0I4CQYVY7RCD54ON9DS4PPT4UOWQ | biomed | Agouti protein has a short radius of action (Silvers and Russel 1955) and can be switched on and off during a single hair cycle (Bultman et al. 1992, 1994; Miller et al. 1993; Vrieling et al. 1994); thus, its regulated expression is thought to be responsible for the cream-colored or yellow ventral surface of mice carrying the black-and-tan (at) allele and for the yellow markings around the feet, ears, or head, i.e., tan points or head spots, of certain dog breeds. | dog | 0.183333 | very easy |
309D674SHZLYFLAQ3R4QAQINUPTBC0 | biomed | Our initial observations suggested the affected mice suffered from an apparently paroxysmal movement disorder, often induced by touch. | movement | 0.183333 | very easy |
3TZDZ3Y0JS6V4PLVPA1A2O462S019R | biomed | We embarked on a series of experiments to identify the genetic lesion underlying this movement disorder and to identify a cognate disease and corresponding mutation in humans. | movement | 0.270833 | easy |
3GS542CVJVNUS7MEQX3M5EHNE8595H | biomed | Thus, during the evolution of vertebrates, subsequent successive duplications of the ancestral gene cluster have given rise to three TACC family members located close to FGFR genes in humans. | rise | 0.183333 | very easy |
3T8DUCXY0N6WD9X4RTLK8UN1UBLT9M | biomed | For this process to occur, AVP binds its receptor, AVPR2, on the basolateral face of the collecting duct cells, leading to a rise in intracellular cAMP, ultimately resulting in phosphorylation of AQP2 at serine 256 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase [9] and its redistribution to the plasma membrane. | rise | 0.234375 | easy |
3BCRDCM0ODUAS75JZD4GNT93LYK6KI | biomed | The presence of an alternatively spliced cassette exon gives rise to two Annexin A7 isoforms corresponding in molecular mass to 47 kDa and 51 kDa. | rise | 0.34375 | easy |
3QREJ3J433XSBS8QMHAICCR0BT9KL4 | biomed | Results of our cDNA library screen suggested that some olfactory receptors are expressed at significantly higher levels than others. | Results | 0.183333 | very easy |
3DW3BNF1GHIBCWIJRWFL9GGB7QOV8K | biomed | However, our results suggest that phenotypic assessment of Mcoln1 knock-out mice may be complicated and that care must be taken when interpreting data on mouse gene expression and phenotype. | care | 0.21875 | easy |
37SDSEDIN92VQK2LKIVW2S9VIMC813 | biomed | Prior to the 1990's, alpha-crystallin was thought to be a structural protein whose major cellular function was to produce a dense solution necessary for the refraction of light in the lens. | function | 0.183333 | very easy |
382GHPVPHSRQHMTYVJJ2998NEKU43K | biomed | Since the loss of cholesterol content in the plasma membrane (and perhaps any membrane) is likely to alter the function of receptors more sensitive to this, loss of normal cholesterol synthesis may cause a loss of signal transduction of a host of such pathways. | function | 0.205882 | easy |
3538U0YQ1FU0F2QNF0FL0D5E3A9F3P | biomed | Er81 controls proprioceptive afferent connectivity [14], and we therefore sought to identify an ETS transcriptional regulator that, when expressed over the normal time course of Er81 expression, is able to substitute for Er81 function within group Ia afferent sensory neurons. | function | 0.235294 | easy |
3M0556243SK7J6JXXJZ09R3K8RZFN4 | biomed | Importantly, these defects are likely to be early events in the JNCL disease process and may particularly impact neuronal function. | function | 0.367647 | easy |
31MCUE39BKM6T2MIQKL3IY5Q4P8G3O | biomed | Ligand binding leads to phosphorylation and activation of type I receptors, which, in turn, phosphorylate and activate a specific set of downstream signaling molecules called Smads. | turn | 0.183333 | very easy |
3BVS8WK9Q0VPSOWQV10CLTGI7V6IB4 | biomed | Null mutants of BDNF or its receptor trkB lose all innervation to the semicircular canals and have a reduced innervation to the utricle, saccule and apical turn of the cochlea. | turn | 0.211538 | easy |
3L2OEKSTW9ASGQDOW725GFK5P7QY8W | biomed | This, in turn, prevents BMPs from downregulating fibroblast growth factor (FGF) production in the AER [17,22] and maintains the integrity of the AER itself [23]. | turn | 0.25 | easy |
32ZCLEW0BZKNRTH6WO3DSE071DHJP7 | biomed | In contrast, null mutations of either NT-3 or its receptor trkC result in loss of spiral neurons in the basal turn with formation of an inner spiral bundle of afferents extending to the basal tip. | turn | 0.265625 | easy |
3DQYSJDTYLBKPMX54E23PB9IY4UXEO | biomed | For example, the timing and synchrony of meiosis are very different in the two sexes. | timing | 0.183333 | very easy |
3OKP4QVBP2X6DNL3ZZ0D56JWAZVGAF | biomed | Following the landmark discovery by Scully et al that the homologous recombinase RAD51 colocalizes at subnuclear sites with BRCA1 [9], a number of additional results have provided evidence that both BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in recombinational repair of DNA damage. | discovery | 0.183333 | very easy |
3R0WOCG21M9NGCPA3EGWZMST4A6UDU | biomed | In the past decade, the story has been further complicated by the discovery of a number of previously unknown isoforms which may be differently regulated and have different substrate specificity. | discovery | 0.222222 | easy |
38DCH97KHH28R5ILW1I2SJQH693QJ5 | biomed | This discovery has led to the identification of other disorders of embryonic development caused by mutations in genes encoding other enzymes in the post-squalene steps of cholesterol biosynthesis. | discovery | 0.272727 | easy |
33K3E8REWWV3GLNERBG3X1DWN2OX8J | biomed | Green fluorescent variants of wild type GFP (wtGFP) with improved thermostability and fluorescence emission, including enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP, [4]), and mMGFP [5], have gained popularity for use in mice. | Green | 0.183333 | very easy |
3RHLQY6EDT4OZEVVO8PEMIUZ5XOD4W | biomed | Studies with a β3-adrenergic agonist confirmed that the peak oxygen consumption rate in thermogenic tissue is diminished in PGC-1α−/− mice. | peak | 0.183333 | very easy |
3AC6MFV69KILEROMVXYU7ZM6YKEZHX | biomed | All organisms have evolved mechanisms to cope with a variety of stress situations. | situations | 0.190476 | very easy |
3RWSQDNYL9MVVE6GZVGN1MUB608FFS | biomed | In addition to meiosis-specific proteins, these include factors that play roles in DNA damage signaling in mitotic cells [6–10]. | addition | 0.184211 | very easy |
3WRBLBQ2GR8ACANL7X3KG07J1DK0G9 | biomed | In addition, syntenic analysis revealed that the counterpart genomic regions on the human genome of many of these eight QTL are linked to RA. | addition | 0.196429 | very easy |
322ZSN9Z5GKVG3RSAYPTRMCL8JD4T7 | biomed | It is the first time to report the existence of multiple Acdp genes in other mammals in addition to human, while Acdp appears to be a single copy gene in lower organisms such as in C. elegans, yeasts and bacteria. | addition | 0.225 | easy |
363A7XIFV4MPVKBYOUZZ57M6XEOAV3 | biomed | In addition to increasing the quantum yield and solubility of the proteins these mutations shift the spectral profiles of the translation products [4,11]. | addition | 0.233333 | easy |
341YLJU21IZV4BWUC871K0DEDO12IS | biomed | In addition, levels of Bmpr1a mRNA and protein may persist for some time following Gdf5-Cre stimulated recombination, making it possible to bypass an early requirement for Bmpr1a in joint formation at some locations. | addition | 0.25 | easy |
37AQKJ12TXOFXO6IPZQ1ZUODOIOTTM | biomed | Because ADAM22 protein is expressed on the cell surface and is likely to be involved in cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions, we hypothesized that depletion of ADAM22 would generate aberrant neuronal migration. | surface | 0.215909 | easy |
3IQ9O0AYW6ZPOAQ7VNRXLNM4D18TI5 | biomed | AQP2-GFP localized to the apical surface upon forskolin stimulation whether it was transiently transfected into vector-only cells (Figure 5C, upper left images) or into wild-type AQP2 cells (Figure 5C, upper right). | surface | 0.25 | easy |
335HHSX8CD5IBQJQ3F9XG733A2ADHI | biomed | Furthermore, upon dDAVP stimulation, AQP2-F204V failed to translocate to the cell surface (Figure 4A, bottom row). | surface | 0.328125 | easy |
3OREP8RUT2BBWXQV5D090H32SIEBG5 | biomed | The posterior subcapsular regions of 5 wk (Figure 4C) and 54 wk (Figure 4F) alphaA/BKO lenses were filled with irregularly shaped cells with numerous cell surface projections. | surface | 0.375 | easy |
3LN50BUKPVBTMJ56Z9FQ8TDZ52MLPB | biomed | If lack of protection from light-induced damage was the major factor affecting the changes in these lenses, then the bulk of the damage should have resided along the visual axis, particularly in the central anterior epithelium and subcapsular cortex in the 5 wk lenses, but this was not the case. | case | 0.220588 | easy |
3ZFRE2BDQ9EI0HO101GGALA0MBVXZO | biomed | However, in each such case, the PCR amplification was efficient enough to enable quantification. | case | 0.25 | easy |
3Z3R5YC0P3N5EJOHUFLCIQ9CX9GFT0 | biomed | The deficient capacity of D2R-/- mice to disengage inappropriate decision strategies strongly argues that mesolimbic dopamine signaling, mediated by dopamine D2Rs is essential for efficient reversal learning to occur. | decision | 0.1875 | very easy |
3URJ6VVYUPNF3BMKEH3UXC6Y9BQO4Z | biomed | In contrast, radial columns of elongated fiber cells of uniform size and shape containing ball and socket interdigitations were observed in the posterior subcapsular region in 5 wk (Figure 4I), 46 wk (Figure 4L) and 72 wk (data not shown) wild type lenses, and fiber cells in contact with the posterior capsule could be traced back to the equatorial bow region and anterior epithelium. | lenses | 0.1875 | very easy |
3XWUWJ18TLQ9XE0WP96L9MWHQA7UUA | biomed | In 5 wk alphaA/BKO lenses there was a high density of stained membranes per unit area throughout the cortex, with no nucleic acid staining in these regions. | lenses | 0.265625 | easy |
3L7SUC0TTUUA4KJ7I01FT5RGX0T0MG | biomed | In lens epithelium derived from alphaAKO lenses, cell growth rates were reported to be 50% lower compared to wild type [31], suggesting a role for alphaA in regulating the cell cycle. | lenses | 0.359375 | easy |
3RKHNXPHGWWVUIVKVV2J3ZNJOJ4KUY | biomed | While this work was in progress, both Li et al. [31] and Kunisaki et al. [32] also reported the generation and phenotypic characterization of Ptdsr-knockout mice. | generation | 0.265625 | easy |
39I4RL8QGJH5BU0XA484D39XXPCH44 | biomed | Although the inactivation of the annexin A7 gene did not interfere with the viability and development of knock out mice [10], their generation allowed us to address the role of Annexin A7 in specific cell types [8,9]. | generation | 0.3125 | easy |
3NFWQRSHVEE19E2BAFM5J7UN7FEFGX | biomed | Clearly, sequence analysis of ITPR1 in potential SCA15 cases may provide additional insight into the disease, particularly if a stop mutation were to be identified; however, the mutational mechanism noted here means that standard sequencing approaches alone are insufficient to confidently rule out ITPR1 mutation as a cause of disease: a comprehensive gene dosage approach is also required. | stop | 0.1875 | very easy |
3ZXV7Q5FJBOOS2M68TQMTG989NMFCN | biomed | We have also found that male PGC-1α-deficient mice are somewhat protected against diet-induced obesity (Figure S4). | obesity | 0.1875 | very easy |
3IZVJEBJ6AK5H245ZE7QA8XGP6YZ6W | biomed | Maternal genotype effects on growth and obesity have been observed in a number of mouse crosses [8,32-35] and their existence in the current cross cannot be discounted. | obesity | 0.216667 | easy |
3B6F54KMR2CD94HUYG11JJ9WUGP1S2 | biomed | Studies are currently underway to identify the causative mutation and to characterize the effects of age and diet on obesity in this strain as well as testing for other physiological consequences such as alterations in food intake and insulin sensitivity. | obesity | 0.25 | easy |
33P2GD6NRNSQPWP0VWVKKKYTUC0KHX | biomed | The speed congenic strains developed herein confirm previously identified genome-wide QTL affecting growth, obesity and carcass composition. | obesity | 0.297619 | easy |
3SR6AEG6W5TL91EHZBWBTSD4SR9YH6 | biomed | More importantly, we have knowledge of all large previously detected growth and obesity QTL in the current cross [24]. | obesity | 0.336957 | easy |
3BS6ERDL9372E1Z97WITJGED1OUD6H | biomed | Muscle fiber specification appears to be associated with obesity and diabetes. | fiber | 0.1875 | very easy |
36JW4WBR06KF9AXMUL4N476OMFLFHQ | biomed | Beaded filament mRNA levels increase greatly in differentiating lens epithelial cells, and have been suggested as a pan-specific marker for lens fiber cells [17]. | fiber | 0.25 | easy |
37MQ8Z1JQEWHUBBZGQT46O7238QY2N | biomed | It was not possible using the techniques employed in the study to determine if the smaller lenses were due to reduced volume or number of fiber cells. | fiber | 0.3 | easy |
3087LXLJ6MG4YARQWDX2YF770YJF0O | biomed | Thus, PPARδ activation, rather than merely an increase of PPARδ levels, is an essential element for fiber switching and its associated functional manifestations. | fiber | 0.338235 | easy |
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