id stringlengths 30 30 | corpus stringclasses 3 values | sentence stringlengths 10 1.38k | token stringlengths 1 16 ⌀ | complexity float64 0 0.86 | difficulty stringclasses 5 values |
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3B9J25CZ25DXW7RSEDQL0FSNYDASCD | biomed | Furthermore, the intracellular Ca2+ was shown to regulate the membrane stability through modulation of cytoskeletal protein interactions [50]. | membrane | 0.236111 | easy |
3Q7TKIAPOTAKXM2GU0OV8ZWARJJDLP | biomed | These results were thought to support a direct role for annexin A7 in surfactant secretion, but in these studies annexin A7 mediated membrane fusion was separated from a second GTP-dependent mechanism [38]. | membrane | 0.266667 | easy |
38F60IALAGHEHF9RRX2RFJM8R7RT0A | biomed | Furthermore these proteins can also be differentially targeted to distinct regions of the PM; for example, AQP2 is routed to the apical membrane of cells surrounding the collecting duct, whereas other aquaporins (AQP3 or 4) are inserted into the basolateral face. | membrane | 0.367647 | easy |
3QTFNPMJC6IDONAXYVT7CJJ2KWTZNC | biomed | They result from the clustering of sphingolipids and cholesterol in the outer leaflet of the membrane connected to phospholipids and cholesterol in the inner leaflet and are enriched in special proteins. | membrane | 0.368421 | easy |
3I7KR83SNADXAQ7HXK7S7305BZRK96 | biomed | TI and KT performed most of the experiments, interpreted the data and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. | draft | 0.23913 | easy |
341H3G5YF0EA3RIQXPR917NPC3CZ0V | biomed | This property of translocation and membrane binding is common to all annexins and commercially available kits for apoptosis detection employ recombinant AnnexinA5. | property | 0.289474 | easy |
3JHB4BPSFK9JLT5CAPRP3PCEA4RQ9A | biomed | Although this property may be a major contributor to the maintenance of lens clarity, the early changes in the alphaA/BKO lenses indicate a much broader cellular function for alpha-crystallin. | property | 0.336957 | easy |
3IV1AEQ4DRD2L1IPA7126S5HC3H8JC | biomed | The sequence of DsRed1 has recently been modified and optimized for high levels of expression in mammalian cells by the introduction of 144 silent base pair changes corresponding to human codon usage preferences. | introduction | 0.302632 | easy |
33CLA8O0MIBSY4BPQQGHIB8U9OORF4 | biomed | We have thus validated the similarity-based prediction of over one-third of the intact olfactory receptor genes annotated in the mouse genome [1,2], thereby vastly increasing the proportion of the family for which experimental evidence of olfactory function is available. | prediction | 0.23913 | easy |
37VE3DA4YUHPWTL6PJIRLHF37IRHBA | biomed | However, it has been noted that deletion of the Fc receptor (the primary receptor for microglial opsinization of antibody–antigen complexes) in APP transgenic mouse models has no impact on the effectiveness of antibody-mediated therapy [56,57]. | effectiveness | 0.302632 | easy |
3YZ7A3YHR5TCXMIDZ33DM9MD6WOS55 | biomed | Nuclei were incubated in buffers with different salt concentrations ranging from 100 mM NaCl to 1 M NaCl. | concentrations | 0.25 | easy |
38O9DZ0A62NFBR1TA7YCNXN94YY62W | biomed | The endocochlear potential and the endolymphatic and perilymphatic K+ concentrations were measured in young adult mice (1–4 month of age) that either have (Slc26a4+/+) or lack (Slc26a4-/-) a functional gene for pendrin [14]. | concentrations | 0.357143 | easy |
382GHPVPHSRQHMTYVJJ2998NEKV34K | biomed | These analyses, including DNA microarray analyses [7] and expressed sequence tag analyses [8-12], identified several common transcripts, including ESG1 that was also designated dppa5 or ECAT2. | transcripts | 0.25 | easy |
39HYCOOPKOL434K1UCPA8CBZRO4MDV | biomed | Efforts were made to detect transcripts or calpain activities derived from the Arthur Capn4 allele. | transcripts | 0.382353 | easy |
3RWSQDNYL9MVVE6GZVGN1MUB60EFFY | biomed | The basis for the observed abnormalities of cardiac heart rate, including a blunted response to β-adrenergic stimulation, is unknown, but could be related to the effects of late-stage growth arrest and corresponding derangements in energy metabolism on sinus node function. | arrest | 0.25 | easy |
33TGB4G0LPHME5F2U9RYOX9J1ECXT9 | biomed | To confirm that the arrest of plaques without any sign of clearance was not unique to the line 107 mice, we repeated the dox-suppression experiment in a second line of tet-off APP mice (CaMKIIα-tTA × tet-APPswe/ind line 18; n = 22). | arrest | 0.25 | easy |
3SA4EMRVJV2GPNGKAGT7A9LB24BP06 | biomed | We did, however, observe three specific defects in the sex chromatin of Dmrt7 mutant germ cells that avoided arrest in pachynema and were able to enter diplonema. | arrest | 0.25 | easy |
351S7I5UG9WNO85TG9QLOPVC1YBJN6 | biomed | In females, germ cells synchronously initiate meiosis in the embryo and arrest during meiotic prophase I. | arrest | 0.347222 | easy |
34R0BODSP1ZBN3DVY8J8XSIY55L5EN | biomed | Complete lack of huntingtin results in developmental arrest during gastrulation, while severe reduction of huntingtin levels results in abnormal neurogenesis and perinatal lethality [15]. | arrest | 0.46875 | neutral |
3OLZC0DJ8JF412UW0IRCM5APAMOVIN | biomed | The human gene MCOLN1 (GenBank #AF287270) maps to chromosome 19p13.2-13.3 and encodes a novel protein that is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel gene superfamily [7-10]. | channel | 0.25 | easy |
3UAU495MIISEK9GZTNUCAG4S8OJOUR | biomed | The extent of pendrin expression in spiral prominence cells and stria vascularis was determined by labeling KCNQ1, a K+ channel that is expressed in strial marginal cells, and ZO-1, a tight junction protein that labels basal cells and thereby delineates the boundaries of stria vascularis. | channel | 0.266667 | easy |
3GL25Y6843UI1APILCQM2JER76LMX2 | biomed | The 2P unique region (Region I) contains an hg modifier with large effects on growth and smaller effects on obesity (Table 3). | Region | 0.25 | easy |
3QO7EE372ON29MK9895LUV74Y5NQBF | biomed | Similar conclusions may apply to other gene-targeted animals carrying mutations of genes mapped in the 129-derived susceptibility allele on Chromosome 7 (O'Keefe et al. 1996, 1999). | mutations | 0.25 | easy |
3M7OI89LVYOS99TV70NIZAWVGOE6C6 | biomed | The use of mouse models has provided valuable insight into the etiology of monogenic syndromes caused by single gene mutations. | mutations | 0.277778 | easy |
3RHLQY6EDT4OZEVVO8PEMIUZ5XP4DO | biomed | In humans, NDI is caused by mutations in Avpr2 or Aqp2. | mutations | 0.293478 | easy |
3SD15I2WD2U4W9XCE7CH67S1AB1365 | biomed | It is also possible that evolutionary factors may be responsible for reduced pseudogene content of clustered olfactory receptors - gene conversion between neighboring olfactory receptors could rescue inactivating mutations in clustered genes, but not singletons. | mutations | 0.3375 | easy |
32W3UF2EZOLEUMPHOCU32CCHKXDC4W | biomed | This is this first in vivo proof of a long-standing hypothesis that comes from in vitro studies with recessive Aqp2 mutations. | mutations | 0.340909 | easy |
35F6NGNVM8JSZQ9BCWN0UYWVZLX7TO | biomed | Interestingly, AVPR2-deficient male pups also die within the first week after birth. | pups | 0.25 | easy |
3FI30CQHVKJ9Z41PT0RNOQQDY3IB68 | biomed | However, two thirds of the Sam68-/-, but not the Sam68+/- pups, were killed by their Sam68+/- mothers. | pups | 0.35 | easy |
3W0XM68YZPVFLL4MT7SZSXIMDM6K1Y | biomed | Annexin A7 is a Ca2+- and phospholipid-binding protein, which was isolated as the agent that mediated aggregation of chromaffin granules and fusion of phospholipid membranes in the presence of Ca2+. | agent | 0.25 | easy |
3L84EBDQ372HRMQ81HYHXCELMSBKK6 | biomed | During Drosophila neuroblast generation, the transcription factor Hunchback controls specification and differentiation of early-born neuroblasts [38]. | transcription | 0.25 | easy |
3TD33TP5DL2AM6DSJD8Z4VSZUN1BAT | biomed | This production of different cell types at different times appears to derive from differences in the intrinsic properties of progenitor cells involved in the transcription or chromatin modification. | transcription | 0.319444 | easy |
3VJ4PFXFJ37PI5MYJ4PU9LKNJ88AU9 | biomed | The residual expression remaining in acutely treated mice represents less than 4% of the transgenic protein produced in the absence of dox (Figure 1C), and likely results from slight leakage at the level of transcription (data not shown). | transcription | 0.319444 | easy |
36QZ6V1589DTI18S04BLULET5DHUSP | biomed | As mentioned above, Nrl is a retinal transcription factor that, when mutated, results in en masse conversion of rods into S-opsin–expressing cones [24]. | transcription | 0.352941 | easy |
35U0MRQMUJ7EXO5ZYD4H626BMVSVON | biomed | By the time its expression is first detectable, the floxed Bmp2 allele appears to be completely recombined in the limb mesenchyme, as whole mount in situ hybridization does not detect any mesenchymal Bmp2 transcription (Figure 1B). | transcription | 0.359375 | easy |
3OYHVNTV5TY0HDBNZ9QA4TVU6XLOKU | biomed | We used the tet-off transgene system to express a double mutant version of chimeric mo/huAPP695 (swe/ind KM570, 571NL, and V617F) from a tetracycline-responsive promoter [12,13]. | system | 0.25 | easy |
31GN6YMHLPS6A5XXV4QMC9ZQQTXSWR | biomed | The initial reports of patients with ESCS attributed the unusual ERG to an abnormally functioning rod photoreceptor system with persistent activity under light adaptation [6–8]. | system | 0.25 | easy |
34YWR3PJ28ALYWIBW73O4M7E43KX02 | biomed | The Gdf5-Cre system provides a new method for restricting gene expression or inactivation primarily to articular regions, thus avoiding the pleiotropic functions of many genes in other tissues. | system | 0.25 | easy |
3O71U79SRBPA5T3JR2KZ3BXZSSBSMU | biomed | Thus, even after accounting for the much higher APP expression levels in our mice than in the Tg2576 and TgCRND8 lines, we have achieved better absolute suppression of Aβ production with the tet-off system than is currently possible with published γ-secretase inhibitors. | system | 0.35 | easy |
3ZRKL6Z1E83ADJ7XGZM4Q6D2W57GSG | biomed | It has been reported that the Xenopus ADAM11 ortholog, xMDC11a, has an expression pattern associated with neural development, with a proposed role in cell migration [24]; and it has been reported in analyses using Northern blot and in situ hybridisation methods that the murine Adam11 gene is expressed in both the developing and adult nervous system [19,25]. | system | 0.359375 | easy |
3Z56AA6EK405IV5MKPHW2617A2HM63 | biomed | Loss of APC is associated with stabilization of the cytosolic β-catenin that ultimately results in its migration to the nucleus and activating a cascade of events leading to tumorigenesis. | migration | 0.25 | easy |
3HYV4299H0WUALWXW6QB9CSP7VGE8S | biomed | We assume that these ADAMs might contribute to cell migration, differentiation and survival or synaptic regulation by binding to integrins, cell-surface proteins or intracellular signalling molecules [20,21]. | migration | 0.289474 | easy |
3NQUW096N688UWPZIKJTM3DK0ZXL9B | biomed | The roles of PAX6 in brain development have mainly been studied in homozygous mutant mice or rats and include arealisation of the cerebral cortex [7], formation of the prosencephalon-mesencephalon boundary [8], axon guidance [8], differentiation of neurons from glia [9] and neuronal migration in the cerebellum [10]. | migration | 0.308824 | easy |
3ZURAPD288N45ZC8SW12CKQH5RNF1R | biomed | A small subset of olfactory receptors appears to be expressed in non-olfactory tissues, principally the testis [8], but also taste tissues [9], prostate [10], erythroid cells [11], notochord [12] and perhaps other tissues. | subset | 0.25 | easy |
3CIS7GGG65JS8I3AZ9RG54AE4M7UEN | biomed | A nuclear role for alphaB in the lens was supported by the findings that a subset of lens epithelial cells derived from alphaB knockout mice demonstrated hyperproliferation and genomic instability [20]. | subset | 0.352941 | easy |
336OE47KI2KM2XE1PZVRNWJXPXRVWZ | biomed | E2f3 is also present in a specific subset of other CNS neurons, implying that this may be a general mechanism by which Rb facilitates neurogenesis. | subset | 0.382353 | easy |
39I4RL8QGJH5BU0XA484D39XXPC4HR | biomed | A subset of CNCCs continues to migrate deeper into the aortic sac to form the aortico-pulmonary septum; a vital structure, which separates the pulmonary trunk from the aorta [4]. | subset | 0.416667 | neutral |
3ULIZ0H1VA5C32JJMKOTQ8Z4GWH150 | biomed | Each olfactory receptor is expressed in a subset of cells in one of four zones of the epithelium [14,15]. | subset | 0.428571 | neutral |
39TX062QX1OHFOH8FUL76K5L7F4X3X | biomed | An immediate extension of this approach is toward dissecting the genetic regulation of complex phenotypes, which would greatly improve the progression from candidate locus to candidate gene. | extension | 0.25 | easy |
3GONHBMNHVY765PXMUE7Z4U2F7BZM6 | biomed | The neurobehavioural phenotype associated with 1615del10 and the polymicrogyria associated with X423L may result from a specific effect of these unusual C-terminal extension mutations. | extension | 0.391304 | easy |
3QHITW7OYO9XQCFH2V5PZKNYGM4AQ4 | biomed | Sex-specific regulation of gonad organogenesis in vertebrates may occur in a similar manner, where some cells are cell-autonomously responsive to the sex-determining switch; however, the establishment of the male or female program occurs through the non-cell-autonomous activity of classic signaling pathways that act in an antagonistic manner and coordinate growth, cell differentiation and morphogenesis in the gonad. | vertebrates | 0.25 | easy |
3BA7SXOG1JQJJP12ICAB8JR8MK68RZ | biomed | One of the most obvious aspects of regional color variation in vertebrates is a dark dorsal surface juxtaposed to a light ventral surface, apparent in the color of skin, scales, feathers, or hair, in which the boundary between dorsal and ventral compartments is often sharp and lies in register with the limbs. | vertebrates | 0.263889 | easy |
3FHTJGYT8N0D0RR5OIIAV18R9MTGPV | biomed | Our studies establish that tif1γ functions as an essential regulator of embryonic and adult hematopoiesis in vertebrates. | vertebrates | 0.361111 | easy |
3HRWUH63QU2FH9Q8R7MRNFC7JXG5N6 | biomed | An emerging principle from work in Drosophila and vertebrates is that target-derived factors play a crucial role in the induction of these transcriptional programs [10]. | vertebrates | 0.4375 | neutral |
32204AGAABCLNATH55A5MS60NUQGHV | biomed | In vertebrates, a number of receptors have been identified that can mediate phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. | vertebrates | 0.4375 | neutral |
3W31J70BASWZ8OEK94HJ9T1DHJXKCO | biomed | XP is marked by sun-induced pigmentation anomalies and a greater than 1,000-fold elevation in skin cancer risk. | pigmentation | 0.25 | easy |
3QQUBC64ZEEOJSAIXD5MFY3RCWVNX3 | biomed | In addition, we observed an apparent degeneration of stria vascularis, including an increase in pigmentation and an irregular pattern of the tight junctions of marginal cells (Fig. 2c, 6,7). | pigmentation | 0.28125 | easy |
3D3B8GE892RYLH4XACC03KM459YP9D | biomed | The expression profiles of wild-type and Nrl KO retinas at P2, P10 and 2 months were analyzed and mr-s was not included in 161 differentially expressed genes in the Nrl KO retina. | retinas | 0.25 | easy |
3B286OTISEHG4PB475LG2JBC2RHAJI | biomed | JCW and ELC each have significant equity interest in Gene Express, Inc., which produces and markets StaRT-PCR‚Ñ¢ reagents used in this study. | Gene | 0.25 | easy |
3P6ENY9P79WZJ1ZCVTA874JG27IIHP | biomed | Gene targeting in mice has provided a powerful approach to examine the physiologic roles of individual calpain isoforms. | Gene | 0.294118 | easy |
3UUIU9GZC55DCMVSO383WEIZ8F35T8 | biomed | Traditionally, congenic strains are developed by introgressing QTL alleles from a donor strain, whose boundaries are defined by genetic markers, on the genetic background of a recipient strain via 10 backcrosses [4]. | boundaries | 0.25 | easy |
3KLL7H3EGD1457JCU09RMT9AA9EVHZ | biomed | In addition, it is required for the metalloregulation of Znt1, encoding the major plasma membrane-localized zinc efflux transporter (19), the hypoxic/anoxic induction of the gene for placental growth factor (Plgf), an angiogenic protein of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family (20), and has recently been invoked in tumor development (21,22). | transporter | 0.25 | easy |
3UQ1LLR26A8MZFZ4AQXTIYO46GMLAV | biomed | Previous studies on sitosterolemia have suggested a defect involving a putative sterol 'transporter' expressed in the intestinal brush border and/or the hepatic canalicular membrane [10,11]. | transporter | 0.338235 | easy |
3DTJ4WT8BDF9UHXK5WQOMWPT64MZEH | biomed | The RanBP2/Nup358 is a unique vertebrate and large scaffold protein comprised of multiple structural and functional domains [1-4]. | vertebrate | 0.25 | easy |
3X2YVV51PU46GLY3ILB2G8CH0TKW1B | biomed | The three members of the vertebrate TIF1 family (α, β, and γ) are large nuclear proteins that each contain an N-terminal RBCC or TRIM domain (Reymond et al. 2001) composed of a RING finger, two B-boxes, and a coiled-coil domain. | vertebrate | 0.294118 | easy |
3PUV2Q8SV448KDG43NZ1UW05FP5DB2 | biomed | In the vertebrate limb, each digit can be uniquely identified based on its size, length, number of phalanges, and location within the autopod. | vertebrate | 0.3625 | easy |
33KMQD9OFJE51SC4ZTKZP24DAO677C | biomed | The availability of homozygous animals demonstrated that both reporter gene expression and the site of transgene integration were developmentally neutral. | integration | 0.367647 | easy |
34HEO7RUG6UX2DUHFAUP4AX3C94RAM | biomed | Consistent with the idea that cells in this primordium are poised between two developmental pathways, some of the genes that are involved in establishing sexual dimorphism, including Dax1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal-congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome protein 1), Sox9 (Sry-like HMG box 9), Fgf9 (fibroblast growth factor 9), and Wnt4 (wingless-related MMTV integration site 4), are initially expressed in similar patterns in XX and XY gonads [ 3– 8]. | integration | 0.453125 | neutral |
3421H3BM9AH2Z61ZFZ7G6O0SW9ZJ9C | biomed | It should also be stressed that Capn4-/- ES and MEF cells from the presumptive hypomorphic allele can be maintained in culture despite an apparent lack of calpain activity, as assessed by casein zymography or by the appearance of characteristic spectrin breakdown products. | breakdown | 0.265625 | easy |
3M93N4X8HKNK4LXYO577NJ5IOYHJSI | biomed | More recently Tomas and Moss [32] showed, that Annexin A11 and S100A6 assemble at the nuclear envelope during nuclear breakdown. | breakdown | 0.302083 | easy |
3XT3KXP24ZYJMCFVZAJ4ADUQTT36ID | biomed | Loss of function mutants of the MCOLN1 C. elegans homologue, cup-5, result in an increased rate of endocytosis, accumulation of large vacuoles, and a decreased rate of endocytosed protein breakdown; while over-expression of this gene reverses the phenotype [13]. | breakdown | 0.3125 | easy |
31MBOZ6PAORASUW2U4TKOTES6J2LCS | biomed | ROE, AG, NM, GS and SBP were responsible for supervision, data analyses of experiments and for providing funding of these experiments. | analyses | 0.25 | easy |
38EHZ67RIMS7FOUSW2QIEXEW4HIMG5 | biomed | These data report the development and implementation of an improved RMCE approach that enables efficient allele modification in ES cells to generate mice and in heterozygous MEFs to accelerate phenotypic analyses. | analyses | 0.323529 | easy |
3NI0WFPPI9G8FHYFVKUY49UU70E60C | biomed | Extensive phenotypic analyses demonstrated that mice lacking PGC-1α are unable to cope with physiologic stressors relevant to postnatal survival. | analyses | 0.333333 | easy |
3N2YPY1GI6YSLXSA4Z1L1QCXITHVEE | biomed | ML is responsible for genotyping, phenotyping, analyses and, together with RM, for interpretation and for writing the manuscript. | analyses | 0.339286 | easy |
3FDWKV9VCN2QK6VNG7FZICFNDPXUMD | biomed | In this report, in order to clarify the mode of action of the Mcm helicase and obtain insight into how it may function at the replication forks in vivo, we have conducted detailed analyses of helicase action and DNA binding of mouse Mcm4/6/7 helicase using various forked and bubble substrate DNAs. | analyses | 0.355769 | easy |
3TZDZ3Y0JS6V4PLVPA1A2O462SU19L | biomed | This approach, termed "QTL-Marker-Assisted Counter Selection" or QMACS, has been previously used to characterize QTL for hypnotic sensitivity to ethanol [31]. | ethanol | 0.25 | easy |
39RRBHZ0AU1QWSJ60MFYM0DF60NZVN | biomed | After puberty, oocytes are selectively recruited for ovulation, when they proceed to metaphase II and then complete meiosis after fertilization occurs [2]. | ovulation | 0.25 | easy |
371Q3BEXDH9A40226RATBDT87VVZSI | biomed | Filter trap analysis of line 18 tTA/APP mice yielded similar results: the increase in aggregated Aβ observed in untreated animals between 6 and 9 mo of age was completely arrested by transgene suppression (Figure S5C and S5D). | trap | 0.384615 | easy |
3XU9MCX6VOC8XAZD2V1AYSE50KK2RW | biomed | Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is a pore-forming protein belonging to a family of water channels [4], and it is expressed in collecting-duct principal cells in the kidney [5]. | principal | 0.25 | easy |
3HRWUH63QU2FH9Q8R7MRNFC7JXL5NB | biomed | This occurs through the sex-specific regulation of WNT, FGF, and transforming growth factor beta signaling, which in turn regulate the growth, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis of the disk [ 41, 42]. | disk | 0.25 | easy |
3GKAWYFRAPTAO7HEMSH2PG5UWTFPDU | biomed | The Drosophila genital disk is also a field of cells that normally follows one of two sexually dimorphic fates. | disk | 0.326923 | easy |
3YKP7CX6G2FS34FUCAWFU4Q9TE37B4 | biomed | For many years it was believed that the fate of each cell in the genital disk was under the cell-autonomous control of double sex (dsx), the key regulator of the sex determination pathway. | disk | 0.347826 | easy |
38G0E1M85M59ATPWUZGQ58Y04HBUVU | biomed | Intraocular pressure (IOP), C57BL/6J (B6), chromosome (Chr), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), carbonic anhydrase (CA) | pressure | 0.25 | easy |
3566S7OX5DJRQ6X2AD3QOSD072C17F | biomed | Glaucoma involves retinal ganglion cell death and optic nerve damage that is often associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) [1-5]. | pressure | 0.271739 | easy |
3OLZC0DJ8JF412UW0IRCM5APAMOIVA | biomed | The initial experiments demonstrated that in our hands careful ocular cannulation has a very minor effect on IOP (average of -0.3 mmHg, mode -0.5 mmHg) and demonstrated significant differences in intraocular pressure levels between four mouse strains. | pressure | 0.276316 | easy |
3ZVPAMTJWN3YC47K1AMZ0W86A4HRGY | biomed | We also found that full-length mr-s fused to the GAL4 DNA binding domain (DBD-mrs) functions as a transcriptional repressor. | domain | 0.25 | easy |
3HJ1EVZS2OJXISVW6VFFH2JX6YF3R3 | biomed | The C-terminal domain is formed by either a four- or eightfold repeat of approximately 70 amino acids, each repeat carrying a Ca2+-binding site, and is responsible for phospholipid binding. | domain | 0.3125 | easy |
32K26U12DNONTREA84Q1V8UCIHLVDQ | biomed | In eutherian and marsupial mammals, these unpaired chromosome regions are associated with a specialized chromatin domain termed the XY body or sex body. | domain | 0.383333 | easy |
39WICJI5ATS6KJHNGC9S35LWFFWZ3Q | biomed | BRCA2 may thus promote RAD51 assembly into recombinational repair complexes via a negative regulatory mechanism (i.e. by blocking RAD51–BRCA2 interaction until damage has occurred and factors required for 'productive' assembly of RAD51 at damaged sites are in place). | interaction | 0.25 | easy |
3YD0MU1NC21NKUA26WWJZT63BWC7A3 | biomed | However it is interesting to speculate that the interaction of PAX6 with HOMER3 and DNCL1 may be the basis of a mechanism by which synaptic signalling causes changes in gene expression. | interaction | 0.283333 | easy |
3UY4PIS8QRLGTRPPQKKFKPZQ7I9N16 | biomed | If wild-type and mutant proteins are indeed interacting in the cell, is this interaction sufficient to rescue the localization of mutant protein? | interaction | 0.333333 | easy |
3K3IX1W4S6RCQ0E22IQ0ZFXOBQIPAS | biomed | At the helm of these molecular communication pathways are Wnts, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), transforming growth factor βs (TGF-βs), and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). | communication | 0.25 | easy |
3I4E7AFQ2KZLJLADD5CXXO14QHVTJH | biomed | One report of a duplication of the region of human Chromosome 1, which includes WNT4, led to an intersex phenotype [ 53]. | duplication | 0.25 | easy |
31SIZS5W59FPPT1Y46RBUAC8GQSQRS | biomed | Two of these pseudogenes exhibit a similar exon-intron structure as the ESG1 gene, indicating their generation by gene duplication. | duplication | 0.285714 | easy |
3WA2XVDZEMH767D93RTDPYWY11O6EY | biomed | Thus, Dmrt7 likely arose, presumably by duplication and divergence of another Dmrt gene, shortly before or coincident with the mammalian radiation. | duplication | 0.357143 | easy |
3ZTE0JGGCESIYFZZ7W9CGAIM1P5CO0 | biomed | Using the Campbell-Switzer silver stain to distinguish different forms of amyloid, we found diffuse plaques were as persistent as cored deposits (Figure S4). | deposits | 0.25 | easy |
3AXFSPQOYQYB0GSCIL78GKM3Z8NFJV | biomed | In isolation, mild activation of microglia by injection damage or opsinization may not be adequate to induce substantial phagocytosis, but when combined with an Aβ-lowering agent, such as neprilysin or Aβ-targeted antibodies, the two may work in concert to clear peptide deposits. | deposits | 0.34375 | easy |
3GMLHYZ0LEXQENK1ZA3AC72UMYIUY8 | biomed | Green fluorescent variants of wild type GFP (wtGFP) with improved thermostability and fluorescence emission, including enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP, [4]), and mMGFP [5], have gained popularity for use in mice. | variants | 0.25 | easy |
3M67TQBQQHORYDYVLTU3DPX96M09AH | biomed | More systematic analyses of structure-function relationships between these T2R variants and an array of bitter stimuli are necessary to determine which changes may impact ligand binding, interactions with other proteins, or overall receptor structure. | variants | 0.279412 | easy |
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