id stringlengths 30 30 | corpus stringclasses 3 values | sentence stringlengths 10 1.38k | token stringlengths 1 16 ⌀ | complexity float64 0 0.86 | difficulty stringclasses 5 values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3D7VY91L65XBO7MHGGY4DMNZO3XBMI | biomed | Another possibility is that TRIP13 is required for disassembly of NCO recombinational repair complexes [51] containing those proteins that persist abnormally on Trip13Gt/Gt pachytene chromosomes. | complexes | 0.416667 | neutral |
3IVEC1GSLPZKA1Y4BMSNRII9YXC1JM | biomed | Chromatin regulation may be a common mechanism for DM domain proteins, as we find that other DM domain proteins associate with chromatin modifying complexes (M. W. Murphy, D. Zarkower, and V. J. Bardwell, unpublished data). | complexes | 0.546875 | neutral |
39O0SQZVJN7FJBWJ87I5UJVDB1YR7V | biomed | Recently, Patel et al. (2003) reported their observations on Bax/NT-3 double KO mice they bred. | Patel | 0.347826 | easy |
3Y7LTZE0YTMQJDU6VW5TQEBWSSMUZZ | biomed | In preliminary studies, when knockout mice are placed on a low sitosterol diet, the activity of this enzyme, as well as the mRNA levels are increased (E Klett and S Patel, unpublished observations). | Patel | 0.516667 | neutral |
31MBOZ6PAORASUW2U4TKOTES6K0CLJ | biomed | Animals carrying the at allele express only the ventral-specific Agouti transcript (Bultman et al. 1994; Vrieling et al. 1994) and have black dorsal hairs and cream-colored to yellow ventral hairs, with a sharp boundary at the level of the limb-body wall articulations and in the middle of the whisker pad. | whisker | 0.35 | easy |
3EGKVCRQFWSBIOBVZJMF7HA6XD6BY3 | biomed | The switch that initiates divergent development of the gonad is highly diverse among species; however, the underlying mechanisms that lead to the establishment of ovary or testis pathways are likely to be conserved. | ovary | 0.35 | easy |
3NOEP8XAU42OMDMVDSIEJN8MCBWPX1 | biomed | MCAD-deficient patients have abnormal plasma and urine metabolites associated with the medium chain–length enzyme specificity. | medium | 0.35 | easy |
39KV3A5D187RKQWWNWIAKT09X2P7S5 | biomed | Although great effort was put forth to eliminate non-donor region direct genetic effects, other factors such as maternal genotype (maternal genotype for each congenic versus control dams differed) and environmental effects could confound our results. | dams | 0.35 | easy |
34XASH8KLQMDS1NRZLG586SO57CPMH | biomed | It is the first time to report the existence of multiple Acdp genes in other mammals in addition to human, while Acdp appears to be a single copy gene in lower organisms such as in C. elegans, yeasts and bacteria. | yeasts | 0.35 | easy |
311HQEI8RSGOL2IAIOCIGMXCKHOZ71 | biomed | On the other hand, the effects of CF on organs including the airways and intestines is less well correlated with specific CFTR mutations and their effects on CFTR protein function [4-8]. | intestines | 0.35 | easy |
3M67TQBQQHORYDYVLTU3DPX96M69AN | biomed | Furthermore, complete loss of Abcg8/sterolin-2 results in an inability to secrete cholesterol into bile, although secretion of sitosterol seemed to be preserved. | bile | 0.352273 | easy |
3HXK2V1N4KFH8KQZMK7YZO0YYB8G2D | biomed | Additionally, the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis, CYP7a1, is reduced, although no changes at the mRNA level are noted. | bile | 0.482143 | neutral |
3909MD9T2ZH3P06K4KWHJ49BUZTEF9 | biomed | Further support for this idea has been provided by recent work in our lab showing widespread derepression of cone genes in the Notch1−/− retina (unpublished data). | cone | 0.352941 | easy |
3QXFBUZ4ZKGQSWZ154H457VQH2SGUW | biomed | Of these, DsRed1 (referred to as drFP585 by Matz et al., [12]), a 28 kDa protein isolated from the IndoPacific sea anemone Discosoma sp, posseses the longest excitation (558 nm) and emission (583 nm) wavelength maxima known for a wild-type autofluorescent protein. | wavelength | 0.352941 | easy |
3SBX2M1TKDNIONZ0TUVYMH1YOD64QN | biomed | As in our tet-off APP mice, SantaCruz et al. found that tau neurofibrillary tangles, like amyloid plaques, are not cleared efficiently following transgene suppression. | tangles | 0.352941 | easy |
356ZPKYPUHHDMIC5IO4G21FVEHQYPG | biomed | This has been reported for knockout mice lacking the complement protein C1q [15], for mice with a mutation in the tyrosine kinase receptor gene Mer [16] and, more recently, in mice lacking transglutaminase 2 or milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) [17,18]. | mutation | 0.352941 | easy |
30ZKOOGW2W6998V0HGFAYJFQ8AC1A0 | biomed | This is the first reported mutation associated with these abnormalities in a human. | mutation | 0.366667 | easy |
36AZSFEYZ40UEUGQU8ZV0I6CFW4VBE | biomed | To test its function, we generated a conditional null mutation of Dmrt7 in the mouse. | mutation | 0.416667 | neutral |
3CMV9YRYP31X08284WA6BXRNW3GJL9 | biomed | XX gonads with a null mutation in Wnt4 display some obvious aspects of testicular differentiation [ 28]. | mutation | 0.421875 | neutral |
3QD8LUVX4XYKT34CTD90LH35LCNX5H | biomed | One possible candidate is Dot1 (PCH1 in yeast), a histone methyltransferase silencing factor that is required for pachytene arrest of zip1 and dmc1 mutants in yeast [58], and for preventing RAD54-mediated recombinational DSB repair between sister chromatids. | silencing | 0.352941 | easy |
3421H3BM9AH2Z61ZFZ7G6O0SW909J3 | biomed | The PcG proteins are transcriptional repressors that maintain gene silencing during development [28-30]. | silencing | 0.365385 | easy |
3PKJ68EHDNWVECJIDBV8J5YGFM2HJV | biomed | PRC2 is involved in the initiation of silencing and contains histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone methyltransferases, which can methylate histone H3 lysine 9 and 27, marks of silenced chromatin. | silencing | 0.375 | easy |
3LEG2HW4UFNBUKU4B01GH30MXW9F2E | biomed | While we did not address the question whether the SAM domain of mr-s forms a polymeric structure in the present study, the phylogenetic analysis of SAM domain of mr-s and other SAM domain-containing molecules suggests that mr-s can form head-to-tail polymer and mediate gene silencing by spreading repressive complexes along the chromatin similar to ph and/or TEL. | silencing | 0.390625 | easy |
3BC9H1KCYUC36R96UAIBUVNR7FMYW6 | biomed | We are currently working to determine whether hyperactivity correlates with expression of the APPswe/ind holoprotein or its proteolytic derivatives. | derivatives | 0.352941 | easy |
3PGQRAZX02KAZASXA58AX6K611SSYL | biomed | Second, in an independent study, Powell was able to compare derivatives of CAPAN-1 that differed only in their ability to express full-length BRCA2 protein (S. Powell, personal communication, 2001). | derivatives | 0.472222 | neutral |
3X7837UUADYFHNZ1HS44ME9Q68MJ6W | biomed | However, our results also demonstrate that significant hypoplasia of the aortic sac leads to a severe shortening of the ascending truncal arch, which masks possible defects in derivatives of the 4th PAAs, i.e., interruption of the aortic arch. | derivatives | 0.5 | neutral |
3PN6H8C9R4Q313BCX9Z5ZLGZX8DADZ | biomed | The BAT-gal transgene reporter indicated the presence of canonical Wnt signaling in the ureteric bud and its derivatives in the developing kidney. | derivatives | 0.514706 | neutral |
3I7KR83SNADXAQ7HXK7S7305BY09K2 | biomed | In particular, dermis of the flank has at least two distinct origins: dermatomal derivatives of somites and loose mesenchyme derived from the lateral plate mesoderm (Mauger 1972; Christ et al. 1983; Olivera-Martinez et al. 2000; Nowicki et al. 2003); these lineages are established early in development and could, in principle, set up compartments whose identity contributes to dorsoventral differences in adult skin. | derivatives | 0.533333 | neutral |
39I4RL8QGJH5BU0XA484D39XXPI4HX | biomed | Thus, it is possible that the cholesterol levels (roughly 50% of normal levels) in Dhcr7-/- embryos were enough for completion of Shh autoprocessing or 7DHC accumulated in Dhcr7-/- embryonic tissues can also participate efficiently as a sterol adduct in the Shh processing reaction [20]. | tissues | 0.352941 | easy |
3YOAVL4CA0HR2F0RGQEBDAD2TFZ4ZN | biomed | PGC-1α is enriched in brown adipose tissue (BAT), heart, slow-twitch skeletal muscle, and kidney—all tissues with high-capacity mitochondrial systems. | tissues | 0.45 | neutral |
3T5ZXGO9DEOYRKNPENLOGDE7P7GQZQ | biomed | We also make use of a classical mouse mutation, droopy ear (Curry 1959), that produces a dorsal-to-ventral transformation of flank coat color by allowing expansion of the ventral-specific Agouti transcript. | Curry | 0.352941 | easy |
3M93N4X8HKNK4LXYO577NJ5IOXJSJR | biomed | The HG9 strain represents a major epistasis-based obese mouse model and promises to aid in the understanding of obesity and specifically the modulation of adipose tissue deposition by Gh. | modulation | 0.352941 | easy |
39HYCOOPKOL434K1UCPA8CBZRO9DMR | biomed | Adult skeletal muscle shows plasticity and can undergo conversion between different fiber types in response to exercise training or modulation of motoneuron activity (Booth and Thomason 1991, Jarvis et al. 1996; Pette 1998; Olson and Williams 2000; Hood 2001). | modulation | 0.553571 | neutral |
3QREJ3J433XSBS8QMHAICCR0BT9LK5 | biomed | We have focused on developing the mouse system for IOP and glaucoma studies [13-19]. | glaucoma | 0.355263 | easy |
3VZYA8PITOYCWDY1Q1KTC3GUB4B501 | biomed | Identifying such loci allows screening for individuals with an increased risk of developing glaucoma [11]. | glaucoma | 0.440476 | neutral |
3RWB1RTQDJNY7CLN5K6M3ORTL2N8PC | biomed | Lateral inhibitory circuits were postulated, in analogy to retina [34,35], to mediate contrast enhancement [24], for which physiological recordings [24,36,37] and modeling data, based on the well-known anatomy [29], provide additional support. | modeling | 0.357143 | easy |
3DWGDA5POF4T1WYYSB66U6T3TKIV10 | biomed | Thus, it should be possible to identify independent genetic determinants of susceptibility to pathological haemostasis and thrombosis. | determinants | 0.357143 | easy |
37AQKJ12TXOFXO6IPZQ1ZUODOITTTR | biomed | These deficits are likely due to impaired muscle strength in the PGC-1α−/− mice, but contributions by peripheral or central nervous system determinants (or both) could be contributory. | determinants | 0.382353 | easy |
3BFF0DJK8XCEIOT30ZLBPPSRMZASTW | biomed | Polymorphisms and mutations in coagulation factors, fibrinolytic factors, platelet surface receptors, methylenetetrahydrofalate reductase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and antioxidant enzymes have been implicated as genetic determinants of susceptibility to thrombosis [6,7]. | determinants | 0.388889 | easy |
3EKZL9T8Y8M86YDC3JEMW1LLP3RCHC | biomed | The marked independent differences demonstrated in the B6 and A/J mice can be exploited to identify genetic determinants of thrombosis and haemostasis. | determinants | 0.425 | neutral |
3H1C3QRA01JWMOMADI6GBYO8XNZCEW | biomed | Here we report the application of this integrated approach to study the significance of sex on the genetic determinants of obesity and the associated regulation of liver gene expression in an F2 intercross derived from the inbred strains C57BL/6J (B6) and C3H/HeJ (C3H) on an apolipoprotein E null (ApoE-/-) background. | determinants | 0.6 | difficult |
37YYO3NWHDQHPQ2WHR0LLAO5CAOCC3 | biomed | To mimic therapeutic intervention with inhibitors of Aβ production, we raised a group of 25 double transgenic mice (CaMKIIα-tTA × APP line 107) on normal food until 6 mo of age, when we knew amyloid formation was already well underway in the brain. | inhibitors | 0.357143 | easy |
3TX9T2ZCB913BHJBQWKU82WTD8XZW3 | biomed | We have now applied the tools of molecular homology modeling to predicting a structure of CLN2 that could be used as a basis for a search for the biological substrates of this family of enzymes and for the design of specific inhibitors. | inhibitors | 0.359375 | easy |
3L7SUC0TTUUA4KJ7I01FT5RGXZW0MH | biomed | HO, KO and BMD contributed their experience gained from studies of serine-carboxyl peptidases and the design of their inhibitors, aimed at analysis of substrate-enzyme interactions and enzyme specificity. | inhibitors | 0.375 | easy |
3FTID4TN8LYNVXX7QWB9LK6B97PYLI | biomed | Rb knockout (KO) RTCs continue to proliferate inappropriately and some (rod, ganglion, and bipolar cells) die by apoptosis [2,3]. | KO | 0.357143 | easy |
3IJ95K7NDXCDX6FS835IRC3W96ZGN4 | biomed | These observations suggest that axonal targeting defects in Bax/NT-3 double KO mice cannot be simply due to lack of PV expression in proprioceptive cells. | KO | 0.477273 | neutral |
3J9L0X0VDFMO5Q1YMYQVVEU0Y599WY | biomed | Thus, it is controversial whether E2f3 is required for apoptosis of any Rb KO cell type. | KO | 0.541667 | neutral |
32XN26MTXZJQY21MIO00TSCRXU60LF | biomed | Recently, Patel et al. (2003) reported their observations on Bax/NT-3 double KO mice they bred. | KO | 0.666667 | difficult |
3OPLMF3EU5NTJYTTJU2Y44845NGNLC | biomed | The use of mouse models has provided valuable insight into the etiology of monogenic syndromes caused by single gene mutations. | syndromes | 0.357143 | easy |
3L55D8AUFAXUST31DJIAI1GOFZ4CYB | biomed | Many XPD mutations are associated with an exclusive disease phenotype (e.g., XPDR722W with TTD and XPDR683W with XP) and are thus viewed as causative of the corresponding syndromes. | syndromes | 0.383333 | easy |
37M4O367VJI9ZR58F67RA0N7E76M5N | biomed | Recognition of other dysmorphology syndromes caused by defects in the post-squalene cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, such as desmosterolosis, lathosterolosis, X-linked chondrodysplasia punctanta and CHILD syndrome [6-15], has strengthened this concept. | syndromes | 0.384615 | easy |
3VCK0Q0PO5EGM247U1GF6KGG2Q2N02 | biomed | JCW and ELC each have significant equity interest in Gene Express, Inc., which produces and markets StaRT-PCR™ reagents used in this study. | equity | 0.359375 | easy |
38DCH97KHH28R5ILW1I2SJQH693JQY | biomed | PGC-1α was discovered in a yeast two-hybrid screen for brown adipose-specific factors that interact with the adipogenic nuclear receptor PPARγ [2]. | screen | 0.359375 | easy |
3DZKABX2ZI5DOZ8W88VQB2CUXH4CV2 | biomed | Correlation between CEBPG and target gene transcript levels may not be associated with correlation at the protein level. | Correlation | 0.359375 | easy |
3XU9MCX6VOC8XAZD2V1AYSE50KJR2K | biomed | We base this conclusion on two observations: (1) oocyte elimination is dependent upon DSB formation and (2) synapsis is normal in spermatocytes of adult testes. | testes | 0.359375 | easy |
33K3E8REWWV3GLNERBG3X1DWN1QX8J | biomed | RNA binding proteins of the KH type are known regulators of cellular differentiation. | regulators | 0.361111 | easy |
3Z3R5YC0P3N5EJOHUFLCIQ9CX9LTFJ | biomed | The PAX6 protein is a member of the PAX (paired-box) family of transcriptional regulators and is essential for normal ocular and neural development [1]. | regulators | 0.423077 | neutral |
3ABAOCJ4R84YSDO6ZYVU8BIYA3TMQ0 | biomed | Several chromosome regions have been previously linked to arthritis phenotypes in humans using either association studies in populations or linkage studies in families. | linkage | 0.359375 | easy |
3B9J25CZ25DXW7RSEDQL0FSNYDFSCI | biomed | Analysis of these data showed a single genomic region with significant linkage to disease, providing a two-point LOD score of 5.13 at marker 20. | linkage | 0.366667 | easy |
3MA5N0ATTCB8MMKPQVHKLN8G9ZKKW2 | biomed | To map the location of the disease-causing lesion, we performed genome-wide linkage analysis using strain-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 120 loci across the mouse genome. | linkage | 0.466667 | neutral |
302U8RURJZ1WF35NXY44RD66WLNVN8 | biomed | First, we performed the linkage analysis in three datasets, including all 290 F progeny, 76 C5+/+ F2 progeny and 133 C5+/- F2 progeny. | linkage | 0.466667 | neutral |
3S1L4CQSFX50ZNP8OFUVNLJK9KVAFA | biomed | Finally, the NFR/N strain had not previously been used in linkage analyses for detection of CIA-associated loci, which opened (up) the possibility of detecting new polymorphic genes of importance in this disease. | linkage | 0.5 | neutral |
3OWZNK3RYLP0D2RU6PWF331P7JHU2L | biomed | Due to the paucity of experimental evidence of the olfactory function of most genes in the family and suggestions of extra-olfactory roles, we embarked on an olfactory receptor expressed sequence tag (EST) project to confirm olfactory epithelial expression of hundreds of mouse odorant receptor genes. | tag | 0.359375 | easy |
3BO3NEOQM0HK9ERYPN0GQIWCPCNAI1 | biomed | These analyses, including DNA microarray analyses [7] and expressed sequence tag analyses [8-12], identified several common transcripts, including ESG1 that was also designated dppa5 or ECAT2. | tag | 0.397059 | easy |
3WJGKMRWVI9RUI8AHNVW5G6NXA0CD3 | biomed | Biochemically rafts are defined as membranes that are resistant to extraction by cold Triton X-100 and can be floated to low densities in sucrose gradient centrifugation [36]. | densities | 0.361111 | easy |
35XW21VSVGEQZBLYRQJK3YIASMOSLT | biomed | Strial hyperpigmentation has also been observed in other conditions that are associated with free radical stress, such as acoustic trauma [37]. | trauma | 0.3625 | easy |
3OZ4VAIBEXF0WDE2I0CCY6PPN2AVJY | biomed | The unique 86 amino acid c-terminal tail lacks the lysosomal targeting signal and does not contain any conserved domains when compared against the current profile databases. | databases | 0.364583 | easy |
3A3KKYU7P3H3CAKSB7U0000KY4AMW4 | biomed | This allele gave rise to multiple mRNA species, detectable by RT-PCR, reading through from the first half of exon 9 to at least two different cryptic splice sites in the PGK promoter sequence [31]. | promoter | 0.366667 | easy |
37Y5RYYI0P5LZ52N59M8ESDXZV3SXK | biomed | Do the favored olfactory receptors have stronger promoter sequences? | promoter | 0.441176 | neutral |
3HXCEECSQMT70MEB5X2ITZH9OGXYZ1 | biomed | Pierce et al have designed a set of recombination substrates for measuring the level of homologous recombination in vivo (Fig. 1) [25]. | Pierce | 0.366667 | easy |
3WGCNLZJKF877FYC1Q6COKNWTDED1J | biomed | This process of RTC “birth” requires coupling of differentiation and cell cycle exit. | coupling | 0.366667 | easy |
36AZSFEYZ40UEUGQU8ZV0I6CFW4BVU | biomed | Transcription of apparent 'singleton' olfactory receptor genes (0.5 Mb or more from the nearest other olfactory receptor gene) suggests that there is no absolute requirement for genomic clustering for an olfactory receptor to be transcribed, consistent with observations that small olfactory receptor transgenes can be expressed correctly when integrated outside native olfactory receptor clusters [35]. | clusters | 0.367647 | easy |
38DCH97KHH28R5ILW1I2SJQH69YQJ0 | biomed | Moreover, to delineate the brain areas involved in these distinctive olfactory processes we used transgenic “rescue” of GluR-B ablation, specifically in piriform cortex and hippocampus. | hippocampus | 0.367647 | easy |
3UQVX1UPFSHKXGFE8IIVEWDIRUE02P | biomed | Amyloid burden worsens significantly with age, and by 9 mo, the hippocampus and cortex of untreated mice are largely filled with aggregated peptide. | hippocampus | 0.485294 | neutral |
3V8JSVE8YYQ9PRNF9AO58PGR0APEYC | biomed | The contribution of the hippocampus to olfactory memory is presently controversial [2,13–18], but is deemed unlikely for simple olfactory discrimination tasks [9,19]. | hippocampus | 0.517857 | neutral |
3VGZ74AYTGGU62I1JDW4B19KA2MCGJ | biomed | The subsequent transgene-driven re-introduction of GluR-B, specifically in piriform cortex and hippocampus, reversed the Cre-induced loss of GluR-B and partially rescued the odor memory deficit, but left unaltered the enhanced olfactory discrimination. | hippocampus | 0.53125 | neutral |
30QQTY5GMKK7Z3O0C1DAZUIXIZ9U77 | biomed | It is unlikely that morphological changes during development led to impairment of spatial learning and motor coordination, and morphological alterations in the cytoarchitecture of the hippocampus and cerebellum were not observed in ADAM11-deficient mice after histological investigation using HE staining. | hippocampus | 0.640625 | difficult |
34OWYT6U3WH64VHTXHMGUNLSJV39IL | biomed | The high-mannose core oligosaccharide is added in the ER and is later modified and elaborated in the Golgi apparatus [26]. | apparatus | 0.367647 | easy |
3NCN4N1H1GHH6P7HSHD4Q1CZTT2BND | biomed | In the chicken embryo, limb ablations or anti-NT-3 antibody injections into limb buds lead to elimination of TrkC-positive neurons and decreased innervation of motor neurons (Oakley et al. 1995, 1997). | buds | 0.368421 | easy |
39N6W9XWRDN795J6F5ET8S13DQYGYP | biomed | However, the identification in recent years of XP complementation group D patients with atypical disease presentation, including symptoms of both XP and TTD [8], casts doubt on the ability of such a monoallelic paradigm to explain clinical heterogeneity in compound heterozygotes. | paradigm | 0.369048 | easy |
3N7PQ0KLI5P89OQRKPVFIVKER9TE35 | biomed | It is generally assumed that μ- and m-calpain maintain their differential sensitivities to calcium in vivo, although this has not yet been strictly demonstrated. | sensitivities | 0.369048 | easy |
3PKVGQTFIHKYYVSKVG857WFAF07RYW | biomed | Whether inhibiting Aβ production longer than 6 (or 12) mo may ultimately result in clearance of amyloid is under investigation; unfortunately, the life span of the model eventually limits this experiment. | span | 0.37 | easy |
3P7RGTLO6EDBF9HMPQLS3YBPHGHAKH | biomed | Although we have tried to monitor the expression of L-Sox5 or Sox6 in postnatal articular cartilage, and test the phosphorylation state of SOX9 using previously described reagents (Lefebvre et al. 1998; Huang et al. 2000), we have been unable to obtain specific signal at the late postnatal stages required (unpublished data). | reagents | 0.375 | easy |
3UY4PIS8QRLGTRPPQKKFKPZQ7IA1NL | biomed | Clearly, the amyloid-lowering approach should be rigorously examined in animal models before these reagents are tested in patients. | reagents | 0.4 | neutral |
3BJKPTD2QCC2H9TQLAL6ZFNV0YPTR9 | biomed | JCW and ELC each have significant equity interest in Gene Express, Inc., which produces and markets StaRT-PCR™ reagents used in this study. | reagents | 0.427083 | neutral |
3AQN9REUTFG4XL9FDFDL27Y60YNYD2 | biomed | A combination of splice site predictions and similarity to other olfactory receptors has allowed some investigators to predict 5' exon locations for around 15 genes [25,28]. | splice | 0.375 | easy |
31SIZS5W59FPPT1Y46RBUAC8GRQRQT | biomed | MOG, myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, has many different splice variants in humans that are not found in mice [17]. | splice | 0.404762 | neutral |
3ZFRE2BDQ9EI0HO101GGALA0MA3ZXW | biomed | MDCK cells stably expressing wild-type AQP2 were transiently transfected with GFP expression constructs encoding GFP-tagged wild-type AQP2, AQP2-F204V, or GFP alone. | constructs | 0.375 | easy |
30EV7DWJTVV5CCU03S57W1OEJDT6YD | biomed | On top of these, we transiently transfected AQP2-GFP or AQP2-F204V-GFP expression constructs. | constructs | 0.375 | easy |
3ZTE0JGGCESIYFZZ7W9CGAIM1O7CO0 | biomed | Although our results in the immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that the N-terminal constructs lacking a SAM domain still interact with each other, these results do not fit into the head-to-tail polymer model. | constructs | 0.386364 | easy |
3Q2T3FD0ON86LCI41NJYV3PN0BKM32 | biomed | In rodents and probably other mammals, this dorsoventral difference in hair color is brought about by differences in pigment type as determined by allelic variation of the Agouti gene (Bultman et al. 1992; Miller et al. 1993). | Miller | 0.375 | easy |
359AP8GAGGKBD970QASA5OWRBZX7C5 | biomed | Subsequent exchanges between the placode and nascent dermal papilla result in further growth of the follicle into the underlying dermis, or down-growth, and eventual differentiation into the six concentric layers of the mature follicle. | dermis | 0.375 | easy |
386T3MLZLNVVJVH3OZRWONQLDU6800 | biomed | In particular, dermis of the flank has at least two distinct origins: dermatomal derivatives of somites and loose mesenchyme derived from the lateral plate mesoderm (Mauger 1972; Christ et al. 1983; Olivera-Martinez et al. 2000; Nowicki et al. 2003); these lineages are established early in development and could, in principle, set up compartments whose identity contributes to dorsoventral differences in adult skin. | dermis | 0.519231 | neutral |
3087LXLJ6MG4YARQWDX2YF770YPF0U | biomed | It occurs in a surgical model of CDH in which a hernia is physically created in an in utero lamb [47,48]. | utero | 0.375 | easy |
32PT7WK7DMF3HICROUKVCD2TRXS3D1 | biomed | As part of a large-scale forward genetic screen, we previously identified bloodless zebrafish mutants that failed to express the erythroid transcription factor gata1 normally in embryonic hematopoietic precursors (Ransom et al. 1996). | Ransom | 0.375 | easy |
3CVDZS288H011OYXLIK0WCEK31PFM4 | biomed | There may be another possibility that mr-s is involved in cell fate determination of rod photoreceptors versus cone photoreceptors. | rod | 0.383333 | easy |
3LB1BGHFL2WBEA5CZ5D07BGS3K5YTF | biomed | This conclusion raises this question: Why does loss of a single transcription factor within rod precursors lead to two alternative fates—a hybrid cell type on the one hand and apparently normal S-cones on the other? | rod | 0.40625 | neutral |
3OEWW2KGQJBS375D7S4N0G04MOOODH | biomed | The coexpression of both rod and cone genes in the same cell could predispose the cell to apoptosis. | rod | 0.4375 | neutral |
30U1YOGZGAW71ZX6E9LWKLA5JDMSDD | biomed | Finally, there is the maintenance of associative learning relationships over time (a stimulus light always signifies a food pellet is available subsequent to a lever press) [see refs. | refs | 0.375 | easy |
32PT7WK7DMF3HICROUKVCD2TRXO3DX | biomed | Hyperactivity nonspecifically inhibits choice-driven changes in movement, the key element behind all cognitive behavioral paradigms. | paradigms | 0.375 | easy |
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