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17,900 | Please write an abstract with title: Simultaneous Second and Third Harmonic Generation in Gallium Phosphide Microdisk Resonators, and key words: Gallium, Photonic crystals, Frequency conversion, Resonators, Electrooptical waveguides, Photonics. Abstract: Gallium phosphide is a nonlinear crystal of growing importance for integrated photonics. We observe and characterize a simultaneous second harmonic generation and third harmonic generation in a gallium phosphide microdisk for the first time. |
17,901 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Weight Domain Adversarial Network for Partial-Set Transfer Diagnosis, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Task analysis, Generators, Feature extraction, Games, Data models, Adaptation models. Abstract: To realize fault identification of unlabeled data and improve model generalization capability, domain adaptation technology has been increasingly applied to intelligent fault diagnosis of machinery. Nevertheless, traditional domain adaptation diagnosis models generally restrict different domains to have the same label space, which does not always hold in complex industrial scenarios. Consequently, a more practical scenario, i.e., partial-set transfer diagnosis, is explored in this article, where the target label space is a subspace of the source domain. A multiweight domain adversarial network (MWDAN) is proposed to solve this issue, in which the weighting mechanism of class-level and instance-level is jointly designed to distinguish the label space and quantify the transferability of data samples. Based on the proposed strategy, the positive transfer between shared classes is promoted while the negative effect caused by outlier classes is circumvented. As a result, MWDAN can learn discriminative representations for accurate fault diagnosis in the target domain. Extensive experiments constructed on two mechanical systems demonstrate the outstanding performance of MWDAN. |
17,902 | Please write an abstract with title: Review of Research on Seismic Retrofit Technology of RC Bridge Pier, and key words: Bridges, Smart cities, Shape memory alloys, Corrosion, Wires, Earthquakes, Maintenance engineering. Abstract: Aiming at the typical failure modes of RC piers in recent destructive earthquakes, the advantages and disadvantages of conventional RC piers for seismic retrofit technology are summarized, and the research progress of applying new materials to strengthen piers is introduced. Research shows that the use of steel wire rope, BFRP, and shape memory alloy retrofit can effectively improve the seismic performance of the pier, but single technology retrofit has its limitations, and multiple technology composite retrofit can overcome the shortcomings of the single technology. The seismic retrofit technology of bridge piers mentioned in the article can provide a reference for the retrofit and repair of RC structures that have been damaged after earthquakes, fires, explosions and corrosion and aging. |
17,903 | Please write an abstract with title: Remote Operating Vehicle Observation Data Contributions to the Ocean Biodiversity Information System, and key words: Visualization, Annotations, Oceans, Taxonomy, Web pages, Biodiversity, Biological information theory. Abstract: In accordance with the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) is increasingly standardizing data in compliance with globally accepted schemas and concepts such as Essential Ocean Variables (EOV)s as directed by the Canadian Integrated Ocean Observing System (CIOOS). One such EOV is biological abundance data and ONC aims to provide this to end users as the widely accepted format - Darwin Core Archives (DwC-A). This will be done in collaboration with the UN’s Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS). Although biological datasets are regularly contributed to OBIS, there are few provided by ROV visual observations. ONC hopes to provide a novel method for deep-sea ROV visual observation data as inspiration for similar dataset contributions in the future. By using the latest recommendations from peer reviewed sources, ONC will provide both transect-based and opportunistic biological observations as DwC-A files in event core format. These tables will provide various environmental sensor information as taken from the Remote Operating Vehicle (ROV) at the point of observation for enriching of observation data. Datasets will be organized in a hierarchical manner, with an individual dataset consisting of a single dive event. Relational information will be available in both the body of the DwC-A and the dataset’s metadata for linking back to parent expeditions as a dataset collection. ONC has developed conventions for the annotations of biological observations within ONC’s in-house solution for video annotation and viewing, SeaTubeV3. This modular web-based solution for annotations is based on taxonomies and button-sets. Button-sets in particular are a great way to map out a list of commonly seen organisms for quick and efficient event annotations. Coupled with a World Register for Marine Species (WoRMS) taxonomy and potential attribute pre-set assignment (individual counts, open nomenclature codes), SeaTubeV3 can provide a template for rich observation data collection with little need to cross-walk to different taxonomies downstream. Annotations generated from the dives will go through a verification process in which subject matter experts can vet whether a certain taxonomic identification is accurate or not. The annotations that meet a certain threshold will then be passed to ONC task machines where an OBIS-compliant DwCA package will be generated. These packages will be automated to populate on the OBIS web page and other repositories like CIOOS for anyone to use. By using these novel techniques, ONC hopes to help pave the way for similar deep-water biological observation datasets to be accessible through open formats like OBIS. |
17,904 | Please write an abstract with title: WBAN System Organization, Network Performance and Access Control: A Review, and key words: Temperature sensors, Performance evaluation, Temperature measurement, Wireless sensor networks, Transmitters, Wireless networks, Sensor phenomena and characterization. Abstract: In the field of Wireless Body Network (WBAN), the network performance of data transmission between the transmitter and the receiving device is one of the most important factors that ensure a healthy system in monitoring the patient's condition. The patient's vital data is transmitted wirelessly through a wave to the receiving devices, which may be a computer or a mobile phone that adopted the use of wireless sensors to monitor the patient's condition. The sensors, usually of high cost, is small with long battery life, must be able to distinguish medical pulses such as electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and temperature. Information gathered from the devices in controller will be transferred to remote destinations through remote body-zone system for remedial and analytic goal. This is made possible by the incorporation of wireless network that are meant for long-range transmissions. In this paper presented the basic concept of network performance, sensor node features, introduced an overview for the WBAN application with sensor node design, also explain the Central Control Unit (CCU) and the monitoring of patient system using the CCU. The network topologies with the Sensor communication in the human body explained in this paper. |
17,905 | Please write an abstract with title: Metallurgical AuSn Bonding of Piezoelectric Layers, and key words: Temperature measurement, Optical microscopy, Impedance measurement, Ultrasonic imaging, Transducers, Temperature, Microscopy. Abstract: This study presents a novel and simple approach to form metallurgical bonds between layers of the acoustic stack in an ultrasound transducer using a eutectic AuSn preform, which is a pre-shaped thin sheet of solder. The bonding takes 10 minutes and yields uniform bondlines of 10 μm with a melting temperature of 280 °C. The resulting bonds are electrically conductive, mechanically robust and have a characteristic acoustic impedance of 29 Mrayls. AuSn bonding was demonstrated by successfully bonding two equally thick layers of PZT. The bonded PZT-stacks were polarized and sub-diced into a 2-dimensional array. Characterization was performed by optical microscopy, scanning acoustic microscopy and electrical impedance measurements. Combining scanning acoustic microscopy and electrical impedance measurements proved to be a useful approach to experimentally study inter-element variations induced by varying concentrations of voids in a metallurgical bondline. |
17,906 | Please write an abstract with title: Series Arc Fault Detection Using Regular Signals and Time-Series Reconstruction, and key words: Circuit faults, Feature extraction, Couplings, Time-domain analysis, Voltage measurement, Magnetic flux, Discrete wavelet transforms. Abstract: This article investigates into signal regularity in ac series arc fault (SAF) detection. The regularity can solve the vital problem that SAF current characteristics change or disappear in unknown multiload circuits. A coupling method is adopted to capture high-frequency differential signals. The coupling signals show that the waveform in single-load circuits closely resembles the waveform in multiload ones. However, the coupling method confuses normal signals with arcing ones in dimmer loads. To address the issue, this article presents a time-series reconstruction method based on spectral features. First, the spectral features are analyzed between fault-like signals and fault signals. According to the spectral features and the desirable margin, the time series is self-adaptively decomposed and reconstructed. Then, the pulse-recognition algorithm is used to extract arcing features of the reconstructed signals. Finally, the detection method determined by single-load circuits is used to identify SAFs in unknown multiload ones. The results show the presented approach has good generalization performance and identification precision under arbitrary circuits. |
17,907 | Please write an abstract with title: Coset-based quasi-cyclic LDPC codes for optimal overlapped message passing decoding, and key words: Parity check codes, Message passing, Hardware, Throughput, Iterative decoding, Electronic mail, Performance gain, Iterative algorithms, Design methodology, Galois fields. Abstract: Due to the regular structures of quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, the message passing decoding of these codes not only has efficient hardware implementation, but also can be overlapped to improve throughput and hardware utilization efficiency (HUE). In previous work, we proposed a scheduling scheme for the overlapped message passing (OMP) decoding of the SFT codes. In this paper, we first show that our scheduling scheme produces the minimum intra-iteration waiting time for QC LDPC codes. Then we propose a coset-based construction of QC LDPC codes, and study the girth and minimum distance properties of our new codes. Given the same parameters, the ensemble of the SFT codes is a subset of the ensemble of our coset-based QC LDPC codes. Our coset-based QC LDPC codes allow the OMP decoding to achieve greater throughput gain and higher HUE while maintaining the same theoretical performances as the SFT codes. |
17,908 | Please write an abstract with title: Studying standardization: a review of the literature, and key words: Standardization, Economics, Manufacturing industries, Modems, Mass production, Standards development, Guidelines, Councils, Remuneration, Technology management. Abstract: We review the literature on standards, looking in particular at how scholars in the social sciences have approached the topic. We began by discussing various historical meanings and motivations for standardization. Next we examine various approaches to studying standards, distinguishing between development contexts and social effects of standards, as well as functionalist and constructivist viewpoints. We then point out some recurring themes in the study of standardization such as the relationship between global and local orders and role of standards as social technologies. We close by suggesting some possible lines for further inquiry. |
17,909 | Please write an abstract with title: Cell Targeting of Plant Cells Array using Uncalibrated Vision-Based Approach, and key words: Calibration, Tools, Navigation, Histograms, Focusing, Microscopy, Image segmentation. Abstract: There is an increasing demand for uncalibrated micromanipulation systems for its capability to perform on-site microscopic applications. An example is the auto targeting of plant cells for applications such as injection or extraction of chloroplasts. In addition, uncalibrated micromanipulation approach will also save the tedious calibration effort that is required when a new tool or specimen is loaded. Hence, this paper proposes a method to perform automated multiple-cell targeting in a plant cell array through an uncalibrated vision-based micromanipulation system. An improved version of watershed segmentation technique coupled with generalized cell sizing algorithm is first proposed to detect the centroid of the plant cells, without the usual need of staining. A self-focusing algorithm is also used to detect and focus either the plant cell array or the micropipette tip, or both. The method is then combined with uncalibrated tool focusing and visual track-servo algorithms to manipulate the micropipette. Experiment has been conducted and the proposed method has been tested on a waterweed. The results illustrates the capability of the uncalibrated detection and targeting of multiple plant cells. |
17,910 | Please write an abstract with title: Decomposition Characteristics of <tex>$\text{SF}_{6}$</tex> Under Overheating of Solid Insulation, and key words: Insulation, Conferences, Solids, Discharges (electric), Plasmas. Abstract: Decomposition characteristics of SF 6 have been investigated a lot recently1, most of which focused on the influence of discharge conditions on the stable decomposition products. The influence of solid insulation overheating defects on the operation of GIS was still ambiguous. |
17,911 | Please write an abstract with title: UHF RFID Reader Antenna for Near-Field and Far-Field Operations, and key words: Patch antennas, Perturbation methods, Simulation, Bandwidth, UHF antennas, Antenna feeds, Reflector antennas. Abstract: This paper presents a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader antenna designed for near-field and far-field operation. The reader antenna consists of a segmented loop antenna on the periphery and a patch antenna placed inside the loop antenna. The far field of the antenna is circularly polarized (CP), which is achieved by adjusting the patch antenna perturbation and antenna feed position. The simulation results show that the antenna works from 906 to 923 MHz with reflection coefficient less than −10dB, and the axial-ratio bandwidth of less than 3dB is 12MHz (907MHz-919MHz). |
17,912 | Please write an abstract with title: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Kill Chain: Purple Teaming Tactics, and key words: Protocols, Satellites, Conferences, Software, Software reliability, Sensors, Drones. Abstract: The raising accessibility of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), colloquially known as drones, is rapidly increasing. Drones have pros and cons like any other technologies that operate on different communication protocols (i.e., Network, Bluetooth, Satellite, etc.). Recent studies have discussed challenges that may come in tow with the growing use of such technology. These studies note that in-depth examination is required, especially when addressing challenges that carry a high volume of software data between sensors, actuators, and control commands. From a security perspective, the technology has not achieved reliable security measures. This is due to many factors such as different operating systems to operate the drone. Drones run on different hardware and software components, which pose yet another series of challenges in both the drone forensic process and incident response. This paper examines a VTI Phoenix drone by utilizing the `Purple-Teaming' tactics, presents challenges related to drone forensic discovery and discusses potential drone anti-forensic techniques and their association with the type of use, environment, attack vector, and level of expertise. To this end, we proposed the UAV Kill Chain based on the conducted examination and the presented scientific contribution in this work. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been any contribution that incorporates `Purple-Teaming' tactics to evaluate UAV-related research in cybersecurity and digital forensics. |
17,913 | Please write an abstract with title: A Moonshot? [Microwave Surfing], and key words: 4G mobile communication, Moon. Abstract: Reports on initiatives by Nokia to develop a 4G network on the moon with a $14.1 millions contract from NASA. |
17,914 | Please write an abstract with title: Energy Management Systems for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: A Review, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Industrial electronics, Renewable energy sources, Charging stations, Electric vehicle charging, Energy management systems, Particle swarm optimization. Abstract: Looking at how electric vehicle charging stations are using renewable and clean energy resources such as fuel cells, solar photovoltaic and energy storage systems to reduce the impact on the grid, it is important that these resources are managed optimally. Therefore, the energy management systems (EMS) play a significant role for charging stations. In this paper, we analyze the different strategies and types of energy management systems used for electric vehicle charging stations. |
17,915 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive control of a biped robot mobilized by linear actuators considering articular restrictions, and key words: Actuators, State feedback, Uncertainty, Tracking, Dynamics, Numerical simulation, Stability analysis. Abstract: This study is summarising the design of an output hybrid feedback controller for biped robots where the motion range for each joint is being considered. The design considers the hybrid nature of biped device when it is developing an entire gait cycle including the interaction with the environment touching the support floor. A simplified hybrid model is proposed to represent the dynamics of the robotic device in a realistic form. The proposed biped device is driven using linear actuators with a motion transfer system. A hybrid formulation for the control with adaptive state dependent gains regulates the articulations motion considering the limits of actuator motion. The dynamics of the adaptive gains is obtained with the application of a control barrier-like Lyapunov function for hybrid systems. The explicit structure of these gains are derived in a formal way. A set of numerical simulations is used to demonstrate the applicability of the developed controller analysing the tracking of bio-inspired reference trajectories obtained from reported biomechanical information. The numerical simulations used a virtual model of a biped robotic device where the interaction with the environment was considered for analysing the effect of hybrid evolution. A comparison between trajectories produced by the hybrid controller and a traditional state feedback offers a class of validation for the application of the restricted barrier inspired output feedback control strategy, |
17,916 | Please write an abstract with title: Robust power allocation for minimum BER in a SISO-OFDM system, and key words: Robustness, Bit error rate, Transmitters, OFDM modulation, Channel state information, Upper bound, Communications technology, Signal design, Estimation error, Computational modeling. Abstract: In this paper we address the problem of the design of a power allocation strategy for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. We assume no spatial diversity at the transmitter and receiver, that is, a single-input-single-output (SISO) channel is considered. The goal is to allocate all the available power at the transmitter among the different carriers according to a minimum mean bit error rate (BER) criterion. When designing this strategy, we assume that channel state information (CSI) is available at the transmitter. Two different approaches are taken. The first one considers that the channel estimates are perfect, whereas the second approach assumes that there is some estimation error, and therefore, this approach is robust in nature. Finally, we propose an efficient algorithm for computing the power allocated to the carriers for both approaches, and show some simulation results in order to compare them. |
17,917 | Please write an abstract with title: Thermal Modelling of Power Components using Load Current for a Medium Voltage Drive in Simulink Platform, and key words: Software packages, Medium voltage, Voltage, Variable speed drives, Transformers, Mathematical models, Data models. Abstract: Thermal management of power electronic devices is of prime importance in any industrial application. In this paper, a method to simulate the thermal behavior of transformer, inverter, and motor in variable speed drives is proposed. Virtual testing of drives is very essential before proceeding to the real-world tests of the complete system. In MATLAB Simulink environment, thousands of test scenarios can be carried out without an actual system. Among all the major milestones for motor drives is the design and testing of an appropriate cooling system. If the loads and the losses in the overall system are well distributed within the device, the overload and temperature rise can be prevented. This requires the use of accurate models for thermal loss calculation. To address this concern, thermal modelling in Simulink is a promising solution for testing medium voltage drives. The present model takes all the losses into account which can be modelled in Simulink. The thermal model is inserted in a function by providing the required input i.e. operating current which can calculate the temperature profile of the medium voltage drive. The medium voltage drive model has been tested in simulation platform with scaled down powers and the results obtained are compared with the data sheet values. |
17,918 | Please write an abstract with title: 380v/1.9A GaN power-HEMT: current collapse phenomena under high applied voltage and demonstration of 27.1 MHz class-E amplifier, and key words: Gallium nitride, Voltage, High power amplifiers, HEMTs, MODFETs, Switching frequency, Aluminum gallium nitride, Power electronics, Circuits, Silicon. Abstract: The current collapse phenomena in 380V/1.9A GaN power-HEMTs designed for high-voltage power electronics application is reported. The influence of these phenomena to the power-electronics circuit performance under high applied voltage is discussed using a 27.1 MHz class-E amplifier, which can be one of an industrial application candidate. It has been found that the optimized field plate structure minimizes the increase of conduction loss caused by the current collapse phenomena and thus improves the power efficiency of the circuit. The minimized device achieved the output power of 13.8 W and the power efficiency of 89.6 % for the demonstrated circuit even with the applied drain voltage of 330 V and the switching frequency of 27.1 MHz. These results show the nature possibility of a new GaN-device application with both high voltage and high frequency condition |
17,919 | Please write an abstract with title: A Hybrid Data Analytic Approach to Evaluate the Performance of Stirling Engine using Machine Learning Techniques, and key words: Temperature measurement, Analytical models, Data analysis, IEEE Sections, Machine learning, Data models, Stirling engines. Abstract: The revolution of Industry 4.0 involves the smart way of incorporating manufacturing with digitized technology and machine learning in a holistic approach. Assessing and evaluating industrial applications needs analytic methods and machine learning techniques to have a good way of predicting. This research involves the evaluation of the performance of the Stirling engine using a hybrid approach upon statistical evaluation. The methodology incorporates swarm intelligence along with a generalized linear model upon analytic evaluation. Experimental results show that the evaluation of the hybrid machine learning model provides improved accuracy of about 89.67% with a P-value <0.001 respectively. With the proposed method the most significant feature corresponds to the ambient temperature, if this is maintained efficiently then the performance analysis of the stir-ling engine can be varied in accordance to the usage of the industrial applications. Thus it provides an efficient platform for data analysis and modeling for measuring the effect caused by the Stirling engine. This provides the ecosystem with an efficient temperature handling mechanism for variants among Stirling engines. |
17,920 | Please write an abstract with title: Extending Post-Processing and Runtime Capabilities of the CTH Shock Physics Code, and key words: Runtime, Electric shock, Physics, High performance computing, Shock waves, Solids, Workstations, Supercomputers, Graphics, Visualization. Abstract: CTH is a multi-material, large deformation, strong shock wave, solid mechanics code that runs on most UNIX workstations and MPP supercomputers. CTH is one of the most heavily used computational structural mechanics codes on DoD High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms. While CTH includes some internal graphics capabilities, it is preferable to take advantage of widely used scientific visualization packages like EnSight and ParaView to analyze the results of calculations. A new method has been devised that extends the capabilities of CTH to allow three dimensional polygonal models to be written directly from a running calculation in a format compatible to both EnSight and ParaView. Additionally, an interpreter for the scripting language Python has been embedded into CTH, and it’s post-processor Spymaster. Embedded Python allows for almost limitless, parallel capabilities to be added that do not require a recompilation or relinking of the CTH executable. Examples of these capabilities include one and two way code coupling, and Behind Armor Debris (BAD) applications. |
17,921 | Please write an abstract with title: On improving the performance of IEEE 802.11 with multihop concepts, and key words: Relays, Access protocols, System performance, Throughput, Physical layer, Delay, Wireless LAN, Computer science, Media Access Protocol, Refining. Abstract: It is well known that IEEE 802.11 provides a physical layer multirate capability. In this paper, we propose a novel MAC layer relay-enabled point coordination function (PCF) protocol, called rPCF, to exploit this capability. With multiple data rates in response to different channel conditions, if the direct link has low data rate, data packets may be delivered faster through a relay node. To enable MAC layer relay, the access point needs to collect information about the channel conditions, and notify mobile nodes which data rate to use and whether to use a relay node. We design protocols to achieve this goal and refine these protocols to minimize the control overhead. Simulation results show that rPCF can significantly improve the system performance in terms of system throughput and transmission delay with a very small control overhead. |
17,922 | Please write an abstract with title: Assessment of High-Risk Customers to Request a Loan from a Bank with Process Mining, and key words: Training, Banking, Delays, Proposals, Task analysis. Abstract: This research proposes an approach for identification and assessment of the (suspicious) customers/clients, who are at high risk of taking advantage and getting a loan from a private bank, by means of Disco and Celonis process mining platforms. The identification and assessment process includes the following steps: assessment of the filled application forms, assessment of the submitted documents to the bank, assessment of the possible fraudulent information provided by the customers/clients, revising and improving the quality of the loan offers, proposal of some additional documents which need to be requested to avoid fraudulent requests, and proposal of the content of the documents which need to be revised and changed to prevent clients from taking advantage of them. Accordingly, the rejection and cancellation of a loan request consists of: (1) Starting (2) Scheduling (3) Continuing the process (4) Completing the process (5) Suspending the process (6) Withdrawing from the process (7) Cancellation/Rejection of the request. The findings of the study showed that there have been 303 cases/customers with abnormal/suspicious processes including 14,278 events. It was also found out that, on average, 1 case takes 143 cycles or 24 weeks, to complete the loan request process, while consuming a lot of time and human resources in each activity process. If the results of the study be addressed appropriately, the whole efficiency and effectiveness of the lending process (to distinguish normal clients from the abnormal ones), will be improved, which potentially will result in better and faster identification of fraud. |
17,923 | Please write an abstract with title: Probabilistic bounds in air traffic conflict resolution, and key words: Aircraft, Air traffic control, Airplanes, Aerospace control, Stochastic processes, Air safety, Trajectory, Uncertainty, Aerospace electronics, Vectors. Abstract: In this paper we use a probabilistic approach to detect conflicts between aircraft. The proposed control system is decentralized; each airplane detects a possible conflict and acts to resolve it without the need of cooperative work. The determination of conflict resolution trajectories is geometric. Cases of multiple conflicts have been considered. |
17,924 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Soft-Switching Bidirectional DC-DC Converter With High Voltage-Gain for Grid-Connected Energy Storage System, and key words: Bidirectional dc-dc converter, high voltage-gain, grid-connected energy storage system, zero voltage switching. Abstract: A novel soft-switching bidirectional DC-DC converter with high voltage-gain using dual equal PWM plus phase-shifted control is proposed for grid-connected energy storage system in this paper. The high voltage-gain can be achieved without high turns ratio of the transformer due to the employment of a current doubler and a voltage doubler. Two interleaved buck-boost bidirectional dc-dc converters (BDCs) are adopted to reduce the current ripple in the energy storage side. The inherent zero voltage switching (ZVS) is achieved by proper design of the magnetizing inductance. The associated control is adopted to achieve the decoupling of voltage-matching and power flow control. A 40-60 V/280 V 700-W prototype is constructed with 50-kHz switching frequency to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter. The consistency between the analysis results and experimental results further proves its merits. |
17,925 | Please write an abstract with title: A high performance low power dynamic PLA with conditional evaluation scheme, and key words: Programmable logic arrays, Energy consumption, Clocks, CMOS logic circuits, Delay, Logic design, Digital circuits, Very large scale integration, Capacitors, Performance evaluation. Abstract: This paper proposes a high performance and low power dynamic CMOS PLA that minimizes active power consumption. The proposed PLA uses a conditional evaluation scheme to reduce short circuit power consumption during the evaluation phase. The proposed PLA reduces delay by 13.8%, dynamic power by 46%, and total power delay product (PDP) by 53.4% compared to the conventional clock-delayed PLA in a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process technology. |
17,926 | Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation and Assessment of Students in College-School-Enterprise Cooperation Based on Entropy Bayesian Method, and key words: Education, Entropy, Bayes methods, Mathematical model, Indexes, Probability, Manganese. Abstract: This paper adopts the entropy weighting approach for calculating the weights of teaching attitude, teaching content, basic teaching skill, and teaching effect in student assessment of school-enterprise cooperation (SEC) majors and combines with the Bayesian approach for calculating the a posteriori probability of student assessment ratings of eight teachers of SEC majors in a college to reflect the student assessment ratings of different teachers. The outcomes exhibit that, in comparison to the traditional cumulative integration approach, the entropy-weighted Bayesian approach can better reflect the actual teacher-student rating. Finally, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of the entropy-weighted Bayesian approach in the calculation of the a posteriori probability and suggests the necessity of further refining the scores in data collection to solve this problem. |
17,927 | Please write an abstract with title: Retailer Profit under Renewable Energy and Demand Response Access Considering CVaR, and key words: retailer revenue in electricity market, renewable energy, uncertainty, conditional value-at-risk. Abstract: To achieve its carbon peak and neutrality targets, China is actively building a new power system with renewable energy as the main body and vigorously promoting the reform of power marketization. The disorderly access of a large number of renewable energy sources will bring enormous pressure to the safe and stable operation of the power system and is not conducive to its participation in market competition. The stochastic optimization method is used to construct renewable energy output scenarios, user demands, and real-time clearing electricity price scenarios and reduce them to probabilistic deterministic scenarios. Aiming at the maximum profit of retailers, considering the conditional value at risk to quantify the risk, this paper establishes and solves the retailer's profit model of "renewable energy + demand response" participating in the electricity market. Finally, numerical simulation is carried out with the wind power output data and spot market electricity price data in a certain place. The simulation results verify that the proposed model provides a new method for power supply companies to make power purchase decisions, sell electricity pricing, and risk assessment. Under the premise of certain risk constraints, it has the maximum income. |
17,928 | Please write an abstract with title: Advanced Deep Learning Approach for Probabilistic Wind Speed Forecasting, and key words: Forecasting, Wind speed, Time series analysis, Logic gates, Feature extraction, Probability density function, Autoregressive processes. Abstract: One of the critical challenges in wind energy development is the uncertainty quantification. Prior knowledge about the wind speed in look-ahead times in shape of probabilistic information plays a pivotal role in the optimal operation and planning in the electrical networks. In this article, we design a deep learning-based approach to characterize the probability density function (PDF) of the wind for the next hours. The proposed method is directly applicable to raw data and directly constructs PDFs and enhances the level of accuracy and reliability as well as computational efficiency. Furthermore, we utilize the convolutional neural network to enhance learning spatial features. To provide a better understanding of temporal features, a recurrent neural network, called gated recurrent unit, is utilized. To directly construct PDFs, a gradient-based loss function is proposed, and the training procedure is modified. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed probabilistic wind speed forecasting are verified by two actual datasets, i.e., London, England, and Shiraz, Iran, and comprehensive numerical results validate the performance of the proposed approach in comparison with several state-of-the-art and previously investigated approaches in terms of sharpness, accuracy, and reliability. |
17,929 | Please write an abstract with title: Semi-Source Independent Quantum Walk Random Number Generation, and key words: Uncertainty, Current measurement, Conferences, Quantum mechanics, Generators, Security, Standards. Abstract: Semi-source independent quantum random number generators (SI-QRNG) are cryptographic protocols which attempt to extract random strings from quantum sources where the source is under the control of an adversary (but with known dimension) while the measurement devices are fully characterized. This represents a middle-ground between fully-trusted and full-device independence, allowing for fast bit-generation rates with current-day technology, while also providing a strong security guarantee. In this paper we analyze a SI-QRNG protocol based on quantum walks and develop a proof of security. We derive a novel entropic uncertainty relation for this application which is necessary since standard relations actually fail in this case. |
17,930 | Please write an abstract with title: Preparation of nanometric Cu/sub x/Fe/sub 1-x/OFe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and design of a magnetic field system for treatment of tumor, and key words: Iron, Magnetic fields, Neoplasms. Abstract: The water-based magnetic fluids with nanometric Cu/sub x/Fe/sub 1-x/OFe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ particles were prepared by the two-step method, in which the x value varied 0.1 to 0.4. The magnetization decreased with increasing x values. Also, an external magnetic field system was designed for drug delivery, with which the spatial magnetic flux distribution was analyzed. |
17,931 | Please write an abstract with title: Radioisotope-production facility at JAEA-TIARA used for medical and plant physiological research, and key words: Radioactive materials, Solids, Ion accelerators, Atomic beams, Atomic measurements, Accelerated aging, Particle beams, Cyclotrons, Research and development, Laboratories. Abstract: A radioisotope-production facility at the Takasaki Ion Accelerators for Advanced Radiation Application (TIARA) of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) allows us to produce radioisotopes using accelerated beam from an AVF cyclotron. The facility has been constructed for research and development of potentially useful radioisotopes in medical research and physiological studies of plants. Experiments in these fields require a variety of radioisotopes and their labeled compounds during a limited machine time. Laboratory equipment has been designed and installed to treat high-level radioactivity and to irradiate a variety of targets (solid, liquid, gas....). The irradiation apparatus consists of two solid target chambers and a compact revolver equipped with six target chambers for gas and liquid targets, set on the movable table. It is possible to exchange rapidly and remotely the target chambers. The solid-target transfer system realized to carry automatically the irradiated target from irradiation position to the shielded-cell by a truck. Use of this facility enables us to produce routinely positron-emitting tracers for plant physiology and to develop the production method of carrier-free radioisotopes for medical use |
17,932 | Please write an abstract with title: Universal Energy Access: Enhancing Networked Rural Electrification Using Modified Fuzzy Inference Method, and key words: Fuzzy logic, Costs, Power distribution, Distribution networks, Search problems, Routing, Inference algorithms. Abstract: To achieve UN Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) by 2030, better rural electrification is required. Most current projects provide electricity inefficiently to rural users rather using stand-alone designs. As most remaining unserved users are located in difficult-to-reach areas, IEA has pointed out that the marginal cost of rural electrification is increasing. Earlier work indicates that networking rural villages would be more cost-effective than prior models. This work uses modified fuzzy inference to improve power distribution costs by improving the optimality of distribution network design. |
17,933 | Please write an abstract with title: Secure Multi-Dimensional and Multi-Angle Electricity Data Aggregation Scheme for Fog Computing-Based Smart Metering System, and key words: Smart meters, Data aggregation, Security, Data privacy, Companies, Meters, Smart grids. Abstract: Smart Meters (SMs) can regularly report their detailed real time electricity consumption data to utility company, which can improve the balance of electrical load and the efficiency of energy usage. However, the fine-grained electricity data reported by smart meters is easy to disclose the privacy of users. Therefore, data aggregation technology is often used to protect the privacy of users. Currently the existing data aggregation schemes cannot meet the requirement of further fine-grained analysis. In this paper, we propose a multi-dimensional and multi-angle electricity data aggregation scheme for fog computing-based smart metering system. In our proposed scheme, the smart meters use the super-incremental sequence matrix to structure and encrypt their obtained electricity consumption data; the fog nodes regularly collect and aggregate these ciphertexts of electricity consumption data by using the homomorphic Paillier cryptosystem; the control center decrypts the aggregated ciphertext to obtain multi-dimensional and multi-angle electricity data, which is accurate to the types of household appliances and their corresponding electricity angles (energy efficiency indexes). According to the security requirements, we analyze the security of our proposed scheme, which can achieve identity anonymity. Additionally, the experimental results show our scheme is efficient. |
17,934 | Please write an abstract with title: Automated Annotation of Lane Markings Using LIDAR and Odometry, and key words: Annotations, Laser radar, Three-dimensional displays, Roads, Image segmentation, Manuals, Lasers. Abstract: Lane markings are mymargin a key element for Autonomous Driving. The generation of high definition maps and ground-truth data require extensive manual labor. In this paper, we present an efficient and robust method for the offline annotation of lane markings, using low-density LIDAR point clouds and odometry information. The odometry is used to accumulate the scans and to process them using blocks following the trajectory of the vehicle. At each block, candidate lane marking points are detected by generating virtual scan-lines and applying a dynamically optimized filter function to the LIDAR intensity values. The lane markings are tracked block wise, and their width is estimated and classified as either solid or dashed. The results are lists of connected 3D points that represent the different lane markings. The accuracy of the proposed method was tested against manually labeled recordings. A novel evaluation methodology focused on the lateral precision of detections is presented. Moreover, a web user interface was used to load the produced annotations, achieving a reduction of 60% in the annotation time, as compared to a fully manual baseline. |
17,935 | Please write an abstract with title: Supervised Contrastive CSI Representation Learning for Massive MIMO Positioning, and key words: Massive MIMO, Measurement, Training, Representation learning, OFDM, Fingerprint recognition, Kernel. Abstract: Similarity metric is crucial for massive MIMO positioning utilizing channel state information (CSI). In this letter, we propose a novel massive MIMO CSI similarity learning method via deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) and contrastive learning. A contrastive loss function is designed considering multiple positive and negative CSI samples drawn from a training dataset. The DCNN encoder is trained using the loss so that positive samples are mapped to points close to the anchor’s encoding, while encodings of negative samples are kept away from the anchor’s in the representation space. Evaluation results of fingerprint-based positioning on a real-world CSI dataset show that the learned similarity metric improves positioning accuracy significantly compared with other known state-of-the-art methods. |
17,936 | Please write an abstract with title: Joint Distance Transfer Metric Learning for Remote-Sensing Image Classification, and key words: Measurement, Transfer learning, Linear programming, Sensors, Buildings, Spatial resolution, Learning systems. Abstract: Most transfer learning methods have the problem of insufficient distance constraint that plays a very important role in improving image classification performance. Therefore, this letter proposes a new method called joint distance transfer metric learning (JDTML) for remote-sensing image classification. First, the JDTML method establishes the constraints of marginal distribution, intraclass distance, interclass distance, and intraclass divergence based on the maximum mean discrepancy. Second, the objective function is to combine these constraints. So, JDTML can not only reduce the differences between the two domains on the whole and in each class, but also gather the samples of the same class and expand the distance from each class to the rest classes. By solving the objective function, the transfer metric matrix is obtained. Finally, the source and target domains are transferred to a common subspace for dimension reduction. The data after dimension reduction is used for classification, and the accuracy of classification is improved by iteration. The experimental results show that JDTML is more accurate than other methods compared. |
17,937 | Please write an abstract with title: A Deep Learning-based Approach for Real-time Facemask Detection, and key words: Training, Pandemics, Computational modeling, Surveillance, Manuals, Streaming media, Real-time systems. Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global health crisis. Public spaces need to be safeguarded from the adverse effects of this pandemic. Wearing a facemask becomes one of the effective protection solutions adopted by many governments. Manual real-time monitoring of facemask wearing for a large group of people is becoming a difficult task. The goal of this paper is to use deep learning (DL), which has shown excellent results in many real-life applications, to ensure efficient real-time facemask detection. The proposed approach is based on two steps. An off-line step aiming to create a DL model that is able to detect and locate facemasks and whether they are appropriately worn. An online step that deploys the DL model at edge computing in order to detect masks in real-time. In this study, we propose to use MobileNetV2 to detect facemask in real-time. Several experiments are conducted and show good performances of the proposed approach (99% for training and testing accuracy). In addition, several comparisons with many state-of-the-art models namely ResNet50, DenseNet, and VGG16 show good performance of the MobileNetV2 in terms of training time and accuracy. |
17,938 | Please write an abstract with title: Privacy-Preserving Friend Matching for Mobile Social Networks, and key words: Performance evaluation, Privacy, Protocols, Costs, Social networking (online), Computational efficiency, Servers. Abstract: In this paper, we propose an efficient private set intersection protocol, named LL-PSI, to enable two parties (where each party has an individual set) to obtain the intersection of their sets without leaking other information about their sets to each other. Compared with existing protocols, LL-PSI reduces the computational latency of the intersection between two sets significantly at the expense of communication costs between the parties. Based on LL-PSI, we propose a privacy-preserving friend matching scheme for mobile social networks, dubbed PAIRING. PAIRING allows users to match with those who have common interests while preserving users' private information against the semi-honest server and curious users. We analyze the security of PAIRING and conduct a comprehensive performance evaluation, which demonstrates that PAIRING is secure and efficient. |
17,939 | Please write an abstract with title: Motion evaluating system for a small biped entertainment robot, and key words: Motion control, Programmable control, Adaptive control, Instruction sets, Intelligent actuators, Fingers, Adaptive systems, Control systems, Intelligent robots, Intelligent sensors. Abstract: We have been developing a small biped entertainment robot and expanding its capabilities for adaptability and mobility in the home environment with enhanced core technologies. Conspicuous enhancements are a new robot actuator, ISA and Real-time Integrated Adaptive Motion Control System as a comprehensive motion control for SDR to realize the dynamic and smooth/elegant motion performances. In order to evaluate the basic motion control capabilities we propose a new motion evaluating system for a small biped entertainment robot. The system is composed of the SDR Motion Base and the control system. We have developed a serial-parallel hybrid type mechanism to apply for the basic experiment of SDR's motion control capabilities. We discuss the design concept of the motion evaluating system and the experimental method using the proposed Motion Base. |
17,940 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation of spatial coherence of hybrid surface plasmon-phonon-polaritons in n-GaN gratings, and key words: Q-factor, Surface waves, Spatial coherence, Polaritons, Gratings, Dispersion. Abstract: Record high spatial coherence values up to 87λ (130λ) in experiment (theory) were reported for polarized emission of surface plasmon-phonon polaritons excited in shallow surface relief n-GaN grating. Unusual independence of quality factor and dependence of spatial coherence length on the grating wavevector were observed in the course of a thorough investigation of dispersion characteristics of these quasiparticles. |
17,941 | Please write an abstract with title: Feedback procedure neural network and its training, and key words: Neurofeedback, Neural networks, Feedforward neural networks, Artificial neural networks, Recurrent neural networks, Neurons, Hopfield neural networks, Testing, Multi-layer neural network, Self-organizing networks. Abstract: In this paper, a novel neural network model named a Feedback Procedure Neural Network (FPNN) is proposed. The FPNN can accept a functional input that resembles a procedure varying in time and its output is a vector or a scale. Information in an FPNN has two direction forms. One is straight ahead from input to output. The other is starting from input and feedback in the hidden layer, which make a cycle current. A learning algorithm for FPNN is presented which behaves as a supervised training method. Also, two test examples are given to show that FPNN can easily solve procedure problems, which are difficult for a traditional neural network. |
17,942 | Please write an abstract with title: Trust Me, I’m a Liar, and key words: Cyberattack, Performance evaluation, Costs. Abstract: Cyberattacks will continue to thrive as long as their benefits exceed their cost. A successful cyberattack requires a vulnerability, but also and foremost the attacker’s willingness to exploit. Can we reduce this willingness, can we even the attack/defense asymmetry? |
17,943 | Please write an abstract with title: Self-Interference Assisted Cooperative Jamming for Secure Communications, and key words: Physical-layer security, cooperative jamming, interference. Abstract: In this paper, we propose a self-interference assisted cooperative jamming scheme to guarantee the security of wireless communication. Different from the traditional cooperative jamming schemes where artificial noise is designed in one phase (or one time slot), we design artificial noise in multiple phases. Moreover, we innovatively introduce carefully designed self-interference in the transmitted signals, which not only guarantees transmission efficiency, but also further enhances security. We first analyze the number of eavesdropping antennas on the security performance and then obtain the secrecy rate. Finally, simulation results corroborate our theoretical analysis. |
17,944 | Please write an abstract with title: Controlling the data warehouse - a balanced scorecard approach, and key words: Data warehouses, Warehousing, Investments, Instruments, Information technology, Informatics, Measurement, Decision making, Cost benefit analysis, Control systems. Abstract: Data warehouse systems have become a basic technological infrastructure in management decision making. Nevertheless, the overall utility of data warehouses remains unmeasured in most practical cases. As a consequence of this, IT-managers do not possess appropriate means to evaluate warehouse benefits in order to decide about investments in warehousing technology. We develop a controlling instrument for data warehouse systems based on the balanced scorecard (BSC) approach. On the basis of the technological aspects of data warehouse systems, the BSC perspectives are developed and populated with relevant objectives and measures for data warehouse success. These perspectives are integrated into a consistent data warehouse scorecard. Finally, this instrument provides a holistic approach to drive the performance of data warehouse systems. |
17,945 | Please write an abstract with title: Estimating Effects of the Decision Support System on Educational Agents with Simulations, and key words: Physics, Astronomy, Data models, Recommender systems, Geometry, Calculus, Springs. Abstract: This paper presents the simulated results of four different scenarios from an ABM to understand the effect of utilization of Alert and Recommender systems on graduation rate. Academic advising help students to enhance their academic performance, and it is also one of the critical aspects of judging institutional effectiveness. For evaluating the effectiveness, college graduation rates are calculated for every scenario, and then they are compared with the baseline scenario. This objective is achieved by using details of SAT scores and core courses of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at a large public university. The prime focus of the paper is to model the impact of the system, which, in reality, helps to save time and cost. The preliminary results show that the Alert and Recommender system could have a positive impact on graduation rates. |
17,946 | Please write an abstract with title: Locally multiobjective H/sub 2/ and H/sub /spl infin// control of large-scale interconnected marine structures, and key words: Damping, Marine technology, Motion control, Large-scale systems, Production, Cybernetics, Numerical simulation, Petroleum, Airports, Algae. Abstract: This paper presents a novel approach to design positioning and motion damping controllers by means of thruster actuations for large-scale interconnected marine structures. A locally multiobjective H/sub 2/ and H/sub /spl infin// state-feedback controller is proposed. Performance of the proposed controller is demonstrated by numerical simulations of 3 interconnected semi-submersibles. |
17,947 | Please write an abstract with title: An inexact-Newton method for short-range microwave imaging within the second-order Born approximation, and key words: Microwave theory and techniques, Microwave imaging, Scattering, Approximation methods, Dielectrics, Image reconstruction, Inverse problems, Working environment noise, Inspection, Microwave frequencies. Abstract: A new approach to noninvasive inspection of dielectric targets at microwave frequencies is proposed. Cylindrical dielectric objects are reconstructed under the second-order Born approximation. A multi-illumination configuration is considered. The continuous model is discretized by the moment method and an efficient inexact-Newton method is applied. The dielectric profile is iteratively reconstructed starting from the measured scattered data, which are related to the unknown target through the inverse scattering equations written in a variational setting. Several numerical results are reported, which are aimed at assessing the capabilities of the approach in dealing with the nonlinear ill-posed inverse problem associated to the short-range microwave imaging. Single, multilayer, and separate cylinders are reconstructed in noiseless and noisy environments. |
17,948 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of equal-gain diversity receiver in correlated fading channels, and key words: Fading, Diversity reception, Error probability, Receivers, Performance analysis, Bit error rate, Rayleigh channels, Mobile computing, Binary phase shift keying, Wireless communication. Abstract: Performance evaluation of equal-gain combining (EGC) diversity receivers are known to be a much more difficult task in comparison with other diversity combining techniques such as the selection diversity or the maximal-ratio combining method. The difficulty of the above mathematical problem is compounded when the diversity branches are correlated. This paper presents a novel mathematical framework for analyzing a dual-branch EGC receiver performance over nonidentical Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading channels when the diversity branches are correlated. It is also shown that the average bit error rate (ABER) formula for coherent BPSK and BFSK schemes reduces to the familiar expressions in the literature for the limiting case of independent diversity paths by setting the correlation coefficient to zero. Selected numerical plots that illustrate the effect of branch correction on the ABER performance are also provided. |
17,949 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on the detection method of ship pipeline leakage based on visual sound source localization technology, and key words: Location awareness, Visualization, Target tracking, Pipelines, Software algorithms, Transportation, Acoustic arrays. Abstract: Aiming at the leakage problem of ship pipeline system, this paper proposes a leak detection method of ship pipeline system, which is based on video target detection and tracking algorithm and sound source localization algorithm of microphone array, and uses the image information collected by camera and audio information collected by microphone array for multimodal information fusion to improve the robustness of sound source localization system and the accuracy of leak detection results. In this paper, the whole audio-video processing method is introduced theoretically, the video detection and tracking module adopts YOLOv5m algorithm as the framework of visual detection, the source localization module adopts cross-type microphone array to obtain audio information, and the time delay of each microphone received signal is combined to calculate the sound source orientation, and finally the system software and hardware design are carried out, compared with the single-modal algorithm and system, this system has higher tracking accuracy and performance compared to a single modal algorithm and system. |
17,950 | Please write an abstract with title: Distance spectrum of space-time block codes: a union bound point of view, and key words: Block codes, MIMO, Performance analysis, Design optimization, Pairwise error probability, Decoding, Error analysis, Computational complexity, Signal analysis, Signal to noise ratio. Abstract: Space-time block codes (STBC) have attracted great interest due to their simple structure and ability to exploit the diversity possible in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. A currently popular approach to STBC code design is to find code sets which optimize the worst pairwise error probability (PEP). The worst case PEP is a good performance criterion, but does not guarantee the best overall probability of decoding error. Several works have emphasized the consideration of the overall distance spectrum of the code set; however designing code sets which achieve the optimal symbol error rate (SER) has proven challenging due to the computational complexity associated with determining the exact SER. This paper proposes a single performance index based on union bound analysis on SER at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This union bound approach is extended to the low SNR scenario, where the exact PEP is used in the union bound calculation. Search results are reported and properties of the resultant code sets analyzed. |
17,951 | Please write an abstract with title: Developing An Expert System Of Palm Oil Plant Disease, and key words: Expert System, Diagnose, Forward Chaining, Palm Oil, Accuracy.. Abstract: Oil palm cultivation requires the right fertilizer for maximum production. Expert system with Forward Chaining method is applied in determining the type of disease for palm oil. Expert systems are housed in a knowledge base and processed to obtain information to help humans solve problems. This expert system is used to detect types of diseases in increasing the productivity of palm oil. Expert system designed to provide accuracy and speed in finding solutions to oil palm disease. |
17,952 | Please write an abstract with title: Brain Tumor Classification using DeepResidual Learning, and key words: Image quality, Image segmentation, Magnetic resonance imaging, Neural networks, Brain modeling, Medical tests, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Brain tumor categorization stays essential for rating tumors as well as determining treatment choices established on their groups. To identify brain excrescences, a spread of imaging styles is employed. Unequally, MRI is extensively employed due to its bettered image quality and thus the fact of the matter is that it does not employ radiation. Deep literacy may be a subset of machine literacy that newly has demonstrated exceptional performance, particularly in group and segmentation. This research work has used a deep residual network to classify the excrescence present in the brain using images datasets. The MRI reviews produce a huge volume of knowledge. The radiologist examines these reviews. Because of the complications involved in brain excrescences, a homemade examination could be mistake-prone. Automated classification machine literacy- grounded approaches have constantly outperformed homemade categorization. At last, the suggested scheme performs discovery as well as classification by using deep residual networks grounded on CNN. |
17,953 | Please write an abstract with title: Model Predictive Control for Optimal Drug Administration of Cancer Chemotherapy, and key words: Chemotherapy, Delay, Hybrid cost function, Model Predictive Control, Parametric uncertainty. Abstract: Tumor chemotherapy is one of the most effective ways to improve cancer treatment. However, it is important to design an effective treatment plan that can optimize chemotherapy to reduce its imminent side effects. In this work, a model predictive control strategy for a nonlinear dynamic model of the cancer chemotherapy system is presented. This paper, first deals with parametric uncertainties. The appearance of uncertain parameters in the nonlinear system is proposed to define the negative effect of drug tolerance and delay in the mentioned system. Also, a hybrid cost function is considered for this model, which reduces the length of the treatment period. The simulation results show that the proposed control structure satisfactorily overcomes the negative effect of parameter uncertainties. Cancer cells can be eradicated in a very short period of time by minimizing the amount of drugs using optimal treatment administration. |
17,954 | Please write an abstract with title: Response Characteristics of Power Grid Rainstorm Convection Disaster to ENSO in Spring and Winter, and key words: Lightning, Convection, Springs, Asia, Power grids, Sea surface, Ocean temperature. Abstract: The occurrence and distribution of rainstorm convection affect the safe operation of power grid. In this study, the response characteristics of power grid rainstorm convection disaster to ENSO in spring and winter are analyzed, by taking lightning as a proxy index. It is found that the increase center of lightning(sever convection) during El Nino spring and winter, and the decrease center of lightning(sever convection) during La Nina spring and winter are both located over the southern side of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and the two sides of the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau. During the ENSO period, frequency difference of lightning (sever convection) over the adjacent elevations is mainly reduced. Intensity variations of El Nino events can affect lighting (sever convection) over higher altitudes more dramatically, while La Nina has an opposite characteristic. This study summarizes the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning over different altitudes during ENSO period, and summarizes the response of lightning and sever convection variation to ENSO intensity, which provides guidance for sever convection protection and lightning protection of power grid under special climatic conditions. |
17,955 | Please write an abstract with title: A 2.4GHz LNA Design for 802.11 WLAN Applications, and key words: Radio frequency, Wireless communication, Wireless LAN, Technological innovation, Systematics, CMOS technology, Telephone sets. Abstract: Over the last decade, the front-end design in the RF transceiver has become a major role and is greatly enhancing the data rate of the transceiver. RF design is augmenting due to the fast-growing wireless communications markets. For a motivated potential design required data rate, low latency, gain, stability, and linearity considerations must converge. Being different wings of technology, the RF design, and its implementation is a difficult task even though such long research on RF and Microwave theory. CMOS technology has made unique considerable progress since its development in the mid-sixties. Over ten years after the fact, during the seventies, the first industrial products were made available in the market. Today, CMOS technology is a widely accepted standard for innovation and the versatile market of computerized ICs. The essential ambition of RF communication is to transmit and receive information through analog RF front ends. LNAs are found in an environment to amplify weak signals which are operating in numerous operational frequencies such as Bluetooth devices, cordless telephones, some radio equipment, and wireless keyboards. In this paper, with associated trade-offs in RF design, a systematic method for designing an LNA block with accurate MOS transistor sizing and computation of precise passive components is presented. |
17,956 | Please write an abstract with title: Computational Aspects of the Dynamic Response of a Microgrid: a Comparative Analysis, and key words: Load modeling, Reactive power, Voltage control, Software packages, Microgrids, Batteries, Transient analysis. Abstract: The paper presents the analysis of the dynamic response of a microgrid, obtained by means of two different simulation environments, i.e. EMTP-RV and Simulink. The aim of the study is to investigate on some differences that could arise between the two environments and to explore when such differences could become meaningful, in particular for the analysis of microgrids. The system under study is a medium voltage microgrid coupled to an external network and containing stationary and rotating loads and a battery energy storage system. The considered case studies are: i) a step load change in order to compare the responses in both grid-following and grid-forming control modes for the battery energy storage system; ii) voltage and frequency step changes to compare two types of loads, namely exponential load and induction motor and iii) the islanding transition of the microgrid. |
17,957 | Please write an abstract with title: Electrical–Thermal Cosimulation of Coaxial TSVs With Temperature-Dependent MOS Effect Using Equivalent Circuit Models, and key words: Capacitance, Silicon, Integrated circuit modeling, Temperature dependence, Thermal resistance, Solid modeling, Transient analysis. Abstract: A coupled electrical-thermal cosimulation with consideration of the temperature dependence of the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) effect is performed for coaxial through silicon vias (C-TSVs) by using equivalent electrical and thermal circuit models. In the equivalent electrical circuit (EEC) model, the dependence of the MOS capacitance on bias voltage, operation frequency, oxide charge density, and temperature is studied, and further verified by measurement results from a previous publication. A 3-D equivalent thermal circuit (ETC) model with lump components, including thermal resistance and thermal capacitance analytically calculated from the geometry and material parameters of C-TSVs, is proposed for transient thermal simulation. The accuracy of the EEC and ETC models is verified by comparisons with full-wave simulations. Transient electrical-thermal co-simulation is performed for the C-TSVs with the EEC and ETC models. Results reveal that the temperature dependence of depletion width and corresponding MOS capacitance leads to considerable variations in the S-parameters of C-TSVs. |
17,958 | Please write an abstract with title: Calculation of Electric Field in HVDC Cable, and key words: HVDC, cable, electric field, temperature, analytical method. Abstract: Dependences of conductivity on temperature and electric field make electric field in high voltage direct current (HVDC) cable more complicated. Model of electric field and temperature field in HVDC cable is presented. Numerical and analytical methods of calculating electric field in HVDC cable with common used conductivity expressions of insulation are given. Calculating results show that characteristics of these methods and distribution of electric field in HVDC cable. |
17,959 | Please write an abstract with title: Pre-scrambling method for PAPR reduction in OFDM communication systems, and key words: Peak to average power ratio, Nonlinear distortion, OFDM modulation, Partial transmit sequences, Computational complexity, Power amplifiers, Correlators, Radio frequency, Radiofrequency amplifiers, Data processing. Abstract: An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system has a number of orthogonally modulated subcarriers, which can give a large peak-to average power (PAPR). The PAPR reduces the efficiency of RF power amplifier in OFDM systems. In this paper, we propose a new PAPR reduction method, which pre-scrambles data sequence for high speed data processing in OFDM. The proposed method uses a correlator for the reduction of PAPR value and calculations. We have compared the new method with a partial transmit sequences (PTS) method. As a result, the new method has shown that it permits a considerable improvement in the computational complexity with achieving a reasonable PAPR reduction. |
17,960 | Please write an abstract with title: Nonlinear Optimal Velocity Car Following Dynamics (II): Rate of Convergence In the Presence of Fast Perturbation, and key words: Biological system modeling, Convergence, Automobiles, Vehicle dynamics, Analytical models, Adaptation models, Stability analysis. Abstract: Traffic flow models have been the subject of extensive studies for decades. The interest in these models is both as the result of their important applications as well as their complex behavior which makes them theoretically challenging. In this paper, an optimal velocity dynamical model is considered and analyzed. We consider a dynamical model in the presence of perturbation and show that not only such a perturbed system converges to an averaged problem, but also we can show its order of convergence. Such understanding is important from different aspects, and in particular, it shows how well we can approximate a perturbed system with its associated averaged problem. |
17,961 | Please write an abstract with title: Localized patterns in a generalized Swift–Hohenberg equation with a quartic marginal stability curve, and key words: pattern formation, quartic minimum, two wavelengths, localized patterns, 2020 Math Subject Classification: 35B36, 35B32, 37G05, 37L10. Abstract: In some pattern-forming systems, for some parameter values, patterns form with two wavelengths, while for other parameter values, there is only one wavelength. The transition between these can be organized by a codimension-three point at which the marginal stability curve has a quartic minimum. We develop a model equation to explore this situation, based on the Swift–Hohenberg equation; the model contains, amongst other things, snaking branches of patterns of one wavelength localized in a background of patterns of another wavelength. In the small-amplitude limit, the amplitude equation for the model is a generalized Ginzburg–Landau equation with fourth-order spatial derivatives, which can take the form of a complex Swift–Hohenberg equation with real coefficients. Localized solutions in this amplitude equation help interpret the localized patterns in the model. This work extends recent efforts to investigate snaking behaviour in pattern-forming systems where two different stable non-trivial patterns exist at the same parameter values. |
17,962 | Please write an abstract with title: Temperature dependent gain and noise figure characteristics of O-Band Bismuth-Doped fibre amplifier, and key words: Optical fibres, Doped fibre amplifiers, Bismuth, Temperature dependence. Abstract: We report an O-band BDFA gain and NF performance over the temperature-range of −40 to +60°C. A 34dB gain with 5.5dB NF was obtained at 1340nm in a double-pass-BDFA operating at −40°C. The temperature-dependent-gain was decreased by < 0.1dB/°C for temperatures above −20°C across 1310–1360nm wavelength-band. |
17,963 | Please write an abstract with title: Semi-Supervised Lane Detection With Deep Hough Transform, and key words: Lane detection, Annotations, Image processing, Conferences, Neural networks, Layout, Transforms. Abstract: Current work on lane detection relies on large manually annotated datasets. We reduce the dependency on annotations by leveraging massive cheaply available unlabelled data. We propose a novel loss function exploiting geometric knowledge of lanes in Hough space, where a lane can be identified as a local maximum. By splitting lanes into separate channels, we can localize each lane via simple global max-pooling. The location of the maximum encodes the layout of a lane, while the intensity indicates the the probability of a lane being present. Maximizing the log-probability of the maximal bins helps neural networks find lanes without labels. On the CULane and TuSimple datasets, we show that the proposed Hough Transform loss improves performance significantly by learning from large amounts of unlabelled images. |
17,964 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of up-to-date materials and microelectronic technology in production of microwave and optical telecommunications equipment, and key words: Optical materials, Microelectronics, Microwave technology, Production, Microwave devices, Optical films, Semiconductor materials, Optoelectronic devices, Nonhomogeneous media, Semiconductor films. Abstract: Presented in this paper are the results of many years' experience in the field of using different materials and microelectronic technologies for the production of microwave and optoelectronics devices for telecommunication equipment. Special attention is paid to A/sub 3/B/sub 5/ semiconductor materials and multilayer film structures as the basis of these devices. The experience of perspective ion technology applications is considered for the forming of microelectronic devices for microwave and optical wavebands. |
17,965 | Please write an abstract with title: The new standard-bearer, and key words: Telecommunication standards, Multiaccess communication, GSM, Radiofrequency identification, Europe, Telecommunication control, Land mobile radio cellular systems, Communication networks, Time division synchronous code division multiple access, Business. Abstract: As China begins to increase its participation in international commerce, its introduction of several initiatives are threatening existing standards. These initiatives include alternative standards for communications network, called TD-SCDMA, and for tracking goods using radiofrequency ID tags. Critics have denounced these initiatives as a covert form of protectionism for China's high-tech sector. To gain a better understanding of the issue, this paper examines four commonly held points of view about China's push for high-profile technical standards. |
17,966 | Please write an abstract with title: Quality Data Analysis in the Service Management System, and key words: Data analysis, ISO Standards, Decision making, Companies, Reliability, IEC Standards, Monitoring. Abstract: The company must always keep an eye on its services and service management system, monitor and measure performance, analyze and evaluate the data obtained in order to implement improvements based on evidence. The article explores sources of quality data in Service Management System, communications and decision-making process according to standard ISO/IEC 20000-1:2018. |
17,967 | Please write an abstract with title: High-Resolution Dielectric Constant Measurement Using a Sensor Antenna With an Allocated Link for Data Transmission, and key words: Dielectric measurement, Antenna measurements, Substrate integrated waveguides, Patch antennas, Permittivity. Abstract: A dual-band low-profile patch antenna, which operates based on aperture-coupling mechanism, is exploited to measure the permittivity of a sample under test (SUT) in the microwave frequencies and send the measured data simultaneously. The upper resonant frequency, which is considerably affected by changing the permittivity of the SUT, can be utilized for sensing purpose. In contrast, the lower resonant frequency is almost independent of the samples hence can be used as the communication link. The samples are placed on top of the feeding side of the structure. The variation in the sample's permittivity leads to changes in the input impedance of the sensor antenna. While this change results in having different feedline-dependent resonant frequencies, the cavity-dependent resonant frequency is almost preserved intact for different samples. The sensor antenna is designed using electromagnetic solver and an equivalent circuit is proposed to model its behavior. The effect of varying parameters in the equivalent model is investigated. Moreover, by fabricating the sensor, the measurement results show that by changing the permittivity of samples from 1 to 12.85, the upper band resonant frequency (feedline-dependent) shifts from 12.30 to 11.37 GHz (78 MHz per unit dielectric constant). Nevertheless, the small variation in resonant frequency and radiation characteristics of the antenna in the lower band (cavity-dependent) can provide a stable communication channel with respect to the SUT. This link with a reasonable 2.8% (9.54-9.81 GHz) 10-dB impedance bandwidth can be reserved for sending the measured and pilot data in a wireless sensor system. |
17,968 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Electromagnetic Modeling of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs for Radiation Anomalies, and key words: Methane, Magnetic field measurement, Electric variables measurement, Electromagnetic radiation, Electromagnetic modeling, Reservoirs, Data models. Abstract: Magnetotelluric detection is an efficient method, which is being tried to detect coalbed methane. However, the interpretation of electromagnetic signals for coalbed methane is now empirical. The forward and inversion modeling results obtained by only treating coalbed methane as a low-resistance body are not completely consistent with the measured data (such as radiation anomalies in specific frequency bands). We think the electromagnetic radiation of coalbed methane due to electrokinetic effect and piezoelectric effect should not be ignored. Starting with the simplified underground electric dipole model, we establishes a new electromagnetic model of coalbed methane to better match the measured data of coalbed methane reservoir regions. |
17,969 | Please write an abstract with title: Electromagnetic Vibration Analysis of Magnetically Controlled Reactor Considering DC Magnetic Flux, and key words: Magnetostriction, Magnetic flux, Saturation magnetization, Magnetic cores, Magnetic properties, Magnetic hysteresis, Vibrations. Abstract: The main factors of stress distribution in MCRs are the magnetostriction effect of the core materials and the magnetic force between gaps under DC bias excitation. This article developed a coupling model for MCRs considering Maxwell magnetic force and magnetostriction under DC flux density biases. The constitutive equations of the magnetic field and strain field are constructed based on the magnetic property curves with a new measured and analyzed method to consider DC magnetic flux biases, which is the key contributions of this study. Then, the electromagnetic vibration properties of the MCR model are calculated and analyzed. To prove the validity of the proposed method, the vibration of a 4.4 kVar-220 V MCR is tested and analyzed. |
17,970 | Please write an abstract with title: Proceedings at the three hundred and sixty-sixth general meeting, and key words: Obituaries, Wires, Voting, Voltmeters, Underwater vehicles, Transmission line measurements, Power transmission lines. Abstract: THE PRESIDENT announced with regret, the death of W. B. Smuts, A.M.('S.A.)I.E.E., who joined the Institute on the 23rd January, 1947, and died the latter part of March, 1947. |
17,971 | Please write an abstract with title: Cardiac MR image segmentation: quality assessment of STACS, and key words: Image segmentation, Quality assessment, Shape measurement, Active contours, Heart, Area measurement, Biomedical measurements, Myocardium, Muscles, Stochastic processes. Abstract: We present an energy based automatic image segmentation algorithm that uses a novel active contour scheme, called the stochastic active contour scheme (STACS). The algorithm overcomes some unique challenges arising in cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) images by minimizing an energy functional with four terms, each representing the region and edge based information of the image and the global and local properties of the contour. We use annealing schedules to control the relative strength of each of the terms during the minimization process. The segmentation results when applying STACS to a set of real cardiac MR sequences of a rat are presented and quantitatively assessed by comparing them to the manually-traced contours using two similarity measures, the area and shape similarity measures. This assessment validates STACS's results, demonstrating its very good and consistent segmentation performance. |
17,972 | Please write an abstract with title: Oil Field Optimization Using Particle Swarm Optimization, and key words: Oil Field Optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization, Asset Optimization. Abstract: This Oil field optimization is the biggest challenge for the oil field operators considering the global oil price decline. There are multiple traditional mathematical algorithms to implement the same. This paper proposes derivative free Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) for the oil field optimization. A lot of work has been done in this discipline where multiple optimization methods were used [9], [10]. These optimization techniques are based on specific objectives and constraints. We propose a PSO based algorithm to maximize oil production in an oil field. In the procedure, we address the usage of PSO [1] for well production forecast. We discuss and compare the oil rates of the wells measured as actuals, estimated and PSO forecasted. With that comparisons, field operator can take timely decisions for the operational objectives. |
17,973 | Please write an abstract with title: An efficient vector sensor configuration for source localization, and key words: Magnetic sensors, Direction of arrival estimation, Sensor arrays, Electromagnetic wave polarization, Magnetic analysis, Azimuth, Electromagnetic scattering, Sufficient conditions, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Voltage. Abstract: An electromagnetic vector-sensor enables estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization of an incident electromagnetic wave with arbitrary polarization. In this letter, an efficient vector-sensor configuration is proposed. This configuration includes the minimal number of sensors, which enables DOA estimation of an arbitrary polarized signal from any direction except two opposite directions on the z-axis. The configuration is obtained by analyzing the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for source localization using a single vector-sensor. The resulting vector-sensor configuration consists of two electric and two magnetic sensors. It is shown that this quadrature configuration satisfies the necessary and sufficient conditions for the DOA estimation problem. The CRLB for DOA estimation of signals in the azimuth plane is identical for the quadrature and the complete vector-sensor configurations. |
17,974 | Please write an abstract with title: eLAMI—An Innovative Simulated Dataset of Electrical Loads for Advanced Smart Energy Applications, and key words: Monitoring, Home appliances, Energy consumption, Hidden Markov models, Harmonic analysis, Energy measurement, Energy efficiency, Smart energy. Abstract: Smart Energy Applications are particularly impacting, especially due to energy resource scarcity and its high associated costs. Smart management of energy consumption derives both from the user lifestyle, in terms of efficient and responsible behaviors, and from automatic algorithms that control and counteract energy waste and inefficient management. Focusing the attention on the latter, the development of methodologies and well-working techniques to monitor and optimize consumption often requires an important effort in long measurement campaigns to get raw data to work with. Whenever this should be too much expensive or proper instrumentation is unavailable, public datasets could solve the problem. The current literature review on the dataset availability showed a large presence of information, especially related to electrical energy consumption. Nevertheless, several limitations affect them, from the low number of calculated electrical parameters (i.e. 4-5 in most cases) to short analysis periods, passing by the lack of detailed frequency domain information or poor consumption habit transitions analysis. Accordingly, this work aims to overcome current dataset limitations, by proposing a real-measurement based simulated dataset, extracting more than 400 discriminative electrical parameters on 36 different home appliances, discussing preliminary acquisition set-ups, simulation process, extracted electrical parameters and examples of applicability to smart energy applications. To provide a data quality index, a validation procedure has also been carried out, showing how simulated data match real acquisition with a reference measurement instrument. The produced dataset is available for downloading and analysis in public free access and its repository link is provided in the reference section. |
17,975 | Please write an abstract with title: Effective-Medium Modeling of a Meanderline Metamaterial-Enhanced Resistive Wall Amplifier Circuit for Particle-in-Cell Simulations, and key words: Wires, Prototypes, Integrated circuit modeling, Predictive models, Permittivity, Time-domain analysis, Dispersion. Abstract: Theory and simulations predict the metamaterial-enhanced resistive wall amplifier (MERWA) may offer improvements to megawatt-level high-power microwave (HPM) amplifiers in terms of combined bandwidth and gain rates. A low-power proof-of-concept test prototype has been designed using a metamaterial (MTM) consisting of a linear array of periodically spaced thin lossy meandered wires. Direct simulations of these arrays of thin meandering wires using typical 3-D particle-in-cell (PIC) solvers are inaccurate, creating significant challenges for obtaining trustworthy hot test simulations of the prototype device. This work enables predictive PIC simulations of the experimental MERWA prototype by replacing the thin lossy wire structure with an equivalent effective-medium model. We find that a finite-width rod having an anisotropic Drude–Lorentz permittivity is a suitable model to replace the lossy wire MTM structure. We detail our modeling process and assumptions, fitting procedures, and model fitting results. The model is validated by comparing PIC simulations to experimental results. |
17,976 | Please write an abstract with title: Altitude-Adaptive and Cost-Effective Object Recognition in an Integrated Smartphone and UAV System, and key words: Unmanned aerial vehicles, Object detection, Detectors, Machine learning, Europe, Internet of Things, Task analysis. Abstract: Human Search and Rescue (SAR) tasks are mission-critical and take place in the wild, and thus solutions require timely and accurate human detection on a highly portable platform. This paper proposes a novel lightweight and practical SAR system that meets those demanding requirements by running optimised machine learning in a smartphone, interoperable with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) that provides live video feed. In particular, the proposed approach significantly extends a standard machine learning algorithm to achieve adaptive object recognition in response to changing altitudes to accelerate the speed of finding missing people and eliminate redundant computing. Our approach achieved 91.02% of accuracy and real-time speed on a smartphone that hosts the machine learning platform and the new algorithm. This proposed system is highly portable, cost-effective, fast with high accuracy suitable for UAV applications. |
17,977 | Please write an abstract with title: Understanding the Land Use and Water Systems of the Mekong River, and key words: Data analysis, Dams, Hydroelectric power generation, Organizations, Market research, Rivers, Stakeholders. Abstract: The Mekong River region’s long-term social and economic sustainability is being threatened by the growing development of hydropower and its impacts on the river, surrounding populations, and vital industries. In this study we have analyzed these unintended impacts through data analysis in hopes of quantifying trends associated with the rapid hydropower development. It is important to consider the human and social dimensions of hydropower in the area as the dams’ effects trickle down to the natives of the Mekong Region, the river itself, and all other life dependent on it. We conducted our research by utilizing data sets and surveys released by certain organizations such as the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), the WB (World Bank), and CGIAR (Consultative Group for Agricultural Research) International to develop a basis for drawing conclusions.In this study, we segment the analysis into five sectors: hydropower, agriculture, fisheries and aquaculture, economy, and land use. We then correlate dam implementation and hydroelectric capacity with impacts to the Mekong River Basin. Through our research, we expect to find quantifiable correlations between the increased development of hydropower and the resulting impacts on the Mekong’s inhabitants and the region’s overall well-being. |
17,978 | Please write an abstract with title: Facial Expression Recognition in the Wild: Dataset Configurations, and key words: Emotion recognition, Computer vision, Image recognition, Face recognition, Information processing, Task analysis. Abstract: Facial Expression Recognition (FER) in the wild has become an increasingly significant and focused area within computer vision, with many studies tackling different aspects to improve its recognition accuracy. This paper utilizes RAF-DB and AffectNet as the two leading datasets in the scene and compares the different experimental dataset configurations to state-of-theart techniques referred to as Amend Representation Module (ARM) and Self-Cure Network (SCN). The paper demonstrates how different dataset configurations should be the main focal point of improving the FER task and how there cannot be significant improvements in the FER task with a lack of a favorable dataset. |
17,979 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance Analysis of Current Control Techniques of Modular Multilevel Converter for Grid Connected Photovoltaic System, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Total harmonic distortion, Power engineering, Simulation, Power quality, Power system harmonics, Performance analysis. Abstract: Multilevel inverters (MLIs) have been drawing a significant attention to the researchers to be used in grid feeding photovoltaic (PV) systems over the last few years. Modular multilevel cascaded (MMC) inverter is the promising candidate among all MLIs to provide voltage and current with reduced harmonics for grid-tied PV system. Applying control technique is another challenging part for grid-tied power system but it offers to improve the power quality of grid. In this paper, the performance of various existing control techniques in 5-level MMC fed grid tied PV system is investigated. MATLAB/Simulink environment is used for the analysis. The simulation result is studied in terms of output grid current, injected grid power, capability of handling sudden load change effect, fault handling ability and total harmonic distortion. High performance control techniques and objections associated with the control techniques are appointed and highlighted according to the simulation results. |
17,980 | Please write an abstract with title: Prediction of Memory Retrieval Performance Using Ear-EEG Signals, and key words: Brain, Brain-Computer Interfaces, Cognition, Electroencephalography, Humans, Memory. Abstract: Many studies have explored brain signals during the performance of a memory task to predict later remembered items. However, prediction methods are still poorly used in real life and are not practical due to the use of electroencephalography (EEG) recorded from the scalp. Ear-EEG has been recently used to measure brain signals due to its flexibility when applying it to real world environments. In this study, we attempt to predict whether a shown stimulus is going to be remembered or forgotten using ear-EEG and compared its performance with scalp-EEG. Our results showed that there was no significant difference between ear-EEG and scalp-EEG. In addition, the higher prediction accuracy was obtained using a convolutional neural network (pre-stimulus: 74.06%, on-going stimulus: 69.53%) and it was compared to other baseline methods. These results showed that it is possible to predict performance of a memory task using ear-EEG signals and it could be used for predicting memory retrieval in a practical brain-computer interface. |
17,981 | Please write an abstract with title: Multirate process scheduling and synchronization in distributed signal processors, and key words: Processor scheduling, Signal processing, Distributed processing, Smoothing methods, Signal processing algorithms, Array signal processing, Switches, Distributed computing, Distributed control, Scheduling algorithm. Abstract: Multirate signal processing requires different segments of a signal processing graph to be executed at different rates. Graph segments executed in each distributed processing element of a distributed signal processor must be scheduled to avoid excessive peaks and valleys in computation loading. Also, graph segment scheduling in pipelined distributed processing elements, performing different parts of the same problem, must be synchronized. When application control code and parameter tables for individual distributed processing elements can be developed relatively autonomously, and when control interaction between distributed processing elements is minimized, programming complexity is reduced. This decomposition of large system processing requirements makes the use of high order, graph based languages more feasible. Scheduling and synchronizing signal processing tasks using high order language graph specification has been studied extensively in recent years 2,3,4,5. This paper describes a method and algorithms for scheduling graph segments within distributed processing elements, load smoothing within distributed processing elements, and distributed processing element synchronization for multirate signal processing problems. The criterion employed for all scheduling, load smoothing and synchronization is a modulo processing interval count. The information required to schedule each multirate graph segment is represented in a single high order language statement containing a vector of nine parameters which are generated at compile time. |
17,982 | Please write an abstract with title: Profile: Melanie Olsen > She leads autonomous marine tech testing at ReefWorks, and key words: Autonomous systems, Sea floor, Australia, Monitoring, Testing, Remotely guided underwater vehicles, Mobile robots, Underwater vehicles, Marine robots, Marine engineering. Abstract: The hot, humid environment of tropical marine areas such as Australia's Great Barrier Reef can wreak havoc on marine autonomous systems. Underwater and surface MAS are used for marine monitoring, locating objects such as mines on the seafloor, and rescuing swimmers. |
17,983 | Please write an abstract with title: OICAS: an online iterative combinatorial auction system, and key words: Unified modeling language, Industrial engineering, Iterative algorithms, Prototypes, FCC, Visual BASIC, System testing, Airports, Packaging. Abstract: An online iterative combinatorial auction system called OICAS is designed and developed. The system can be used to auction multiple items each with a single unit simultaneously and a bidder can bid any bundle of items. A new auction mechanism, called the ascending revenue mechanism, and a novel winner determination algorithm are proposed. Unified Modeling Language (UML) models are developed for describing the system. A prototype of OICAS is implemented using Visual Basic and Microsoft Access. Computational testing shows that this system is fast enough to be used online. |
17,984 | Please write an abstract with title: RF-Ray: Sensing Objects in the Package via RFID Systems, and key words: Feature extraction, Radiofrequency identification, Object recognition, Monitoring, Data preprocessing, Data mining, Antennas. Abstract: In this article, we design and implement RF-Ray, a system that can detect whether the internal object of a package is illegally replaced using radio frequency (RF) identification tags in dynamic transport without opening the package, preventing the replacement of objects and enhancing the safety of the object in transport. RF-Ray is based on the principle that different objects have different reflective features to tag signals, and we extract the reflective features of the object from multipath signals by building a feature extraction model, which is based on a convolutional neural network. We propose solutions to all challenges encountered and conduct extensive experiments to verify system's accuracy. Our results show that RF-Ray can achieve an accuracy rate of over 97%. Compared with Echoscope, TagRay, and Tagscan, RF-Ray can guarantee high accuracy to identify the internal object in the package in dynamic scenes. In addition, we conduct an experimental analysis of factors that affect the performance of the system, and experiments demonstrate that RF-Ray has a good performance. |
17,985 | Please write an abstract with title: Assessing the Fractal Characteristics of Signals in Ultrasound Cavitation, and key words: Water, Analytical models, Ultrasonic imaging, Computational modeling, Control systems, Fractals, Generators. Abstract: Ultrasound cavitation has been studied by different authors for understanding the mechanism of producing the cavitation bubbles and the signals that appear in the cavitation field in different liquids. Although it has been proved that the properties of the signals depend on the liquid, their characteristics are not entirely known. In this context, our study aims at determining the fractal dimension of a signal collected in water and analyze the existence of a fractal pattern. It is shown that the signal presents a multifractal behavior. |
17,986 | Please write an abstract with title: Near-Surface Characterization Using High-Speed Train Seismic Data Recorded by a Distributed Acoustic Sensing Array, and key words: Interferometry, Rail transportation, Surface treatment, Receivers, Optical surface waves, Geology, Vibrations. Abstract: A high-speed train can be regarded as a moving seismic source when it travels along a railway. Seismic waves from such sources have strong energy and can be used for near-surface characterization, safety monitoring of high-speed railways, and detection of urban underground spaces. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a newly developed seismic acquisition technology. It has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, high efficiency, and dense sampling. This study investigated near-surface characterization using high-speed train seismic data recorded by DAS. The data were processed to obtain surface waves by seismic interferometry. Thereafter, the extracted surface waves were inverted to obtain the near-surface shear-wave velocity model using a multichannel analysis method. The inverted model is consistent with the subsurface geology of the study area. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of DAS-based acquisition and data analysis in near-surface characterization using the high-speed train type of moving sources. |
17,987 | Please write an abstract with title: Open-set Recognition with Supervised Contrastive Learning, and key words: Training, Computer aided instruction, Machine vision, Training data, Feature extraction, Extraterrestrial measurements, Task analysis. Abstract: Open-set recognition is a problem in which classes that do not exist in the training data can be presented at test time. Existing methods mostly take a multitask approach that integrates N-class classification and self-supervised pretext tasks, and they detect outliers by examining the distance to each class center in the feature space. Instead of relying on the learning through reconstruction, this paper explicitly uses distance learning to obtain the feature space for the open-set problem. In addition, although existing methods concatenate features from multiple tasks to measure the abnormality, we calculate it in each task-specific space independently and merge the results later. In experiments, the proposed method partially outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with significantly fewer parameters. |
17,988 | Please write an abstract with title: Novel Supervised Machine Learning Classification Technique for Improve Accuracy of Multi-Valued Datasets in Agriculture, and key words: Wind, Temperature, Plants (biology), Machine learning, Genetics, Task analysis, Statistics. Abstract: In the modern era, many reasons for agricultural plant disease due to unfavorable weather conditions. Many reasons that influence disease in agricultural plants include variety/hybrid genetics, the lifetime of plants at the time of infection, environment(soil, climate), weather (temperature, wind, rain, hail, etc), single versus mixed infections, and genetics of the pathogen populations. Due to these factors, diagnosis of plant diseases at the early stages can be a difficult task. Machine Learning (ML) classification techniques such as Naïve Bayes (NB) and Neural Network (NN) techniques were compared to develop a novel technique to improve the level of accuracy. |
17,989 | Please write an abstract with title: Empirical analysis on the forming model of customer loyalty: the case study of mobile communication service, and key words: Computer aided software engineering, Mobile communication, Customer relationship management, Customer satisfaction, Layout, Costs, Educational institutions, Communication switching, Probes, Protection. Abstract: Customer loyalty has been advocated as an easier and more reliable source of superior performance. To improve customer loyalty, firms initiate a variety of activities, including programs on satisfaction and complaint management. However, in understanding the relation between satisfaction and loyalty, the forming mechanism of loyalty has not been explained reasonably in academe, so there are supposes that the formation of loyalty might include other factors except for satisfaction. Through the research methods such as qualitative interview and questionnaire survey, this paper generalized the drivers and their influencing mechanism on loyalty. Based on the previous papers, the paper tries to construct the forming model of customer loyalty. In the case of mobile communication service, it demonstrates the interior relation among satisfaction, relationship trust and switching cost and their influencing mechanism on loyalty, and analyzes the modulating mechanism of the scene factors on loyalty. The conclusions provide reference for the mobile communication corporation to establish customer relationship management strategies. |
17,990 | Please write an abstract with title: Study of Temperature and Time Dependent Performance Alteration of Silver Ion-exchanged Waveguides in Glass, and key words: Glass, Optical waveguides, Temperature measurement, Refractive index, Silver, Ions, Optical device fabrication. Abstract: Single-mode glass waveguides for a wavelength of 1310 nm were designed in two different glasses with single-mode optical fiber coupling loss of 0.3 dB per interface. The temperature dependent diffusivity of both glasses is studied to explore the thermal alteration of the refractive index profile which can lead to less mode confinement and an increase in optical fiber coupling loss over time. For the model, diffusivity data is collected at higher temperature and extrapolated down to operation temperature range with a peak temperature of 110ºC. The data is verified with experimental data from long term experiments. We study the refractive index change of both glasses and the impact on optical performance over time. One of the selected glasses has almost no alteration and is meeting the data center lifetime requirements of five years. Waveguides were fabricated in both glasses and the lowest propagation loss was measured to be 0.048 dB/cm at a wavelength of 1310 nm. |
17,991 | Please write an abstract with title: The Possibility of Detecting Malfunctions and Failures of Satellite Navigation Systems and On-board Sensors of Motion Parameters, and key words: Satellite navigation systems, Meters, Measurement uncertainty, Aircraft navigation, Measurement errors, Aircraft. Abstract: This article presents the results of studies of the algorithm for the integrated processing of information from satellite navigation systems (SNS) and on-board sensors of motion parameters (BS) to identify their malfunctions and failures. As a basic principle for detecting faults and failures, it is proposed to use a method for determining the location of a moving object in space by imposing restrictions related to its dynamic properties. This method assumes, basing on the dynamic capabilities of the object to move in space, according to the BS data, to predict the space region of the possible location of the object at the time of subsequent navigation measurements. The corrected location of the object is considered to be the intersection of the spatial areas of subsequent navigational measurements with previously predicted spatial areas. Due to failures and malfunctions of the SNS or BS, this intersection area may be absent or exceed the established threshold level. Such a situation is possible when the measured parameters go beyond the established error, as well as failures of the SNS or BS. When objects pass through “affected areas” in separate sections of the trajectory due to destabilizing factors (weather conditions, terrain, interference, re-reflections, radio countermeasures, etc.), the measurement error of the SNS or BS equipment is not constant and increases sharply. To identify in which of the SNS or BS systems a failure occurred, it is proposed to use the means of correlation analysis. |
17,992 | Please write an abstract with title: Deep Learning Techniques for Crop Classification Applied to SAR Imagery: A Survey, and key words: Deep learning, Technological innovation, Convolution, Neural networks, Crops, Tools, Classification algorithms. Abstract: Crop classification is a major concern to the growth of a country. Deep learning (DL) is one of the significant decision supporting tools for cataloguing and decision making on the type of crops at a particular time or season. Various machine learning (ML) and DL techniques are implemented for crop classification. Due to cloud free, all weather and light condition working characteristics of SAR., it has gained tremendous potential in crop classification. In this review paper we excerpt some of the algorithms and geographies that have been implemented in classification of crop for SAR remote sensing. Here we have reviewed almost 50 relevant studies from various database., amongst these some are selected for future studies. We initially discuss the use of classification of crop and the imaging techniques., followed by the development in technology by applying contemporary techniques to get better results. We also discuss on the comparative performance analysis on the techniques implemented earlier that helps us to frame the research questions and identify the gaps for further research in this area. Convolution neural network (CNN) is the utmost used DL algorithm for crop classification. |
17,993 | Please write an abstract with title: Imitation Learning of Neural Spatio-Temporal Point Processes, and key words: Kernel, Data models, Computational modeling, Earthquakes, Neural networks, Shape, Reinforcement learning. Abstract: We present a novel Neural Embedding Spatio-Temporal (NEST) point process model for spatio-temporal discrete event data and develop an efficient imitation learning (a type of reinforcement learning) based approach for model fitting. Despite the rapid development of one-dimensional temporal point processes for discrete event data, the study of spatial-temporal aspects of such data is relatively scarce. Our model captures complex spatio-temporal dependence between discrete events by carefully design a mixture of heterogeneous Gaussian diffusion kernels, whose parameters are parameterized by neural networks. This new kernel is the key that our model can capture intricate spatial dependence patterns and yet still lead to interpretable results as we examine maps of Gaussian diffusion kernel parameters. The imitation learning model fitting for the NEST is more robust than the maximum likelihood estimate. It directly measures the divergence between the empirical distributions between the training data and the model-generated data. Moreover, our imitation learning-based approach enjoys computational efficiency due to the explicit characterization of the reward function related to the likelihood function; furthermore, the likelihood function under our model enjoys tractable expression due to Gaussian kernel parameterization. Experiments based on real data show our method’s good performance relative to the state-of-the-art and the good interpretability of NEST’s result. |
17,994 | Please write an abstract with title: Common Counters: Compressed Encryption Counters for Secure GPU Memory, and key words: Degradation, Cloud computing, Operating systems, Graphics processing units, Machine learning, Data transfer, Data structures. Abstract: Hardware-based trusted execution has opened a promising new opportunity for enabling secure cloud computing. Nevertheless, the current trusted execution environments are limited to the traditional CPU-based computation, while more and more critical workloads such as machine learning require to use GPUs. For secure GPU computing, recent studies proposed to isolate critical GPU operations from the operating system by providing trusted execution environments for GPUs. However, a missing component in the prior GPU trusted execution studies is a hardware-based memory protection technique optimized for GPUs. Start-of-art memory protection techniques for CPUs use counter-mode encryption, where per-block counters are used as timestamps for generating one-time pads. The integrity of counters is protected by a counter tree. This study investigates the hardware memory encryption for GPUs and identifies counter cache misses as one of the key performance bottlenecks. To mitigate the overheads of counter cache misses, this paper proposes a novel technique, called common counters, for efficient counter-mode encryption and counter integrity protection. The proposed technique exploits unique characteristics of common GPU applications. In GPU applications, a large portion of application memory is written only once by the initial data transfer from the CPU memory, or the number of writes by the GPU applications to major data structures tends to be uniform. Exploiting the uniform write property, this study proposes to use a common counter representation to complement the existing per-block encryption counters. With the common counters, the proposed technique can almost eliminate the performance overheads caused by counter cache misses, reducing the degradation to 2.9%. |
17,995 | Please write an abstract with title: Universal radio apparatus of the point of receiving the information of distant zoning of earth from artificial earth satellites, and key words: Earth, Helium, Satellites, Remote sensing, Magnetic resonance imaging, Indium tin oxide, Microwave technology, Organizing, IEEE catalog. Abstract: Presented in this paper are the results of design of universal equipment for information reception from different artificial satellites of Earth remote sensing. We have estimated perspective schematic designs for information reception from different artificial satellites using modern elements. |
17,996 | Please write an abstract with title: A topological AUC-based biomarker ensemble method for the complex disease analysis, and key words: Diseases, Gene expression, Support vector machines, Prognostics and health management, Classification algorithms, Training, Fasteners. Abstract: Complex diseases are affected by many factors, and their pathogenic mechanism is complicated, which brings difficulties to the analysis and treatment of diseases. AUC, the area under the ROC curve, is often used as a gold standard to evaluate the performance of a binary classifier. The existing methods of constructing classifier by optimizing AUC are easy to fall into local optimum, and have high time complexity, which is not suitable for real-time analysis of high-dimensional gene expression data. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, feature selection and model estimation become the necessary means to reduce the dimension and complexity of data, and the selected important features have the potential as biomarkers to reveal the pathogenesis of diseases. In this paper, we proposed a topological AUC-based biomarker ensemble method for the complex disease analysis, which uses gene expression data and the topological information derived from the protein-protein interaction network to identify biomarkers. The main contribution is to optimize two objectives simultaneously: maximizing the AUC score and minimizing the number of selected features. We applied the proposed method to analyze two types of problems: 1) prognosis of breast cancer, 2) classification of similar diseases. The results show that our method can effectively identify a small set of biomarkers with the powerful classification ability and the biological interpretability. |
17,997 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Armed Bandit Regularized Expected Improvement for Efficient Global Optimization of Expensive Computer Experiments With Low Noise, and key words: Optimization, Computational modeling, Standards, Uncertainty, Tuning, Testing, Noise measurement. Abstract: Computer experiments are widely used to mimic expensive physical processes as black-box functions. A typical challenge of expensive computer experiments is to find the set of inputs that produce the desired response. This study proposes a multi-armed bandit regularized expected improvement (BREI) method to adaptively adjust the balance between exploration and exploitation for efficient global optimization of long-running computer experiments with low noise. The BREI adds a stochastic regularization term to the objective function of the expected improvement to integrate the information of additional exploration and exploitation into the optimization process. The proposed study also develops a multi-armed bandit strategy based on Thompson sampling for adaptive optimization of the tuning parameter of the BREI based on the preexisting and newly tested points. The performance of the proposed method is validated against some of the existing methods in the literature under different levels of noise using a case study on optimization of the collision avoidance algorithm in mobile robot motion planning as well as extensive simulation studies. |
17,998 | Please write an abstract with title: Battery-Involved Energy Management for Hybrid Electric Bus Based on Expert-Assistance Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm, and key words: Energy management, Batteries, Traction motors, Optimization, Thermal management, Thermal degradation, Degradation. Abstract: Energy management is an enabling technique to guarantee the reliability and economy of hybrid electric systems. This paper proposes a novel machine learning-based energy management strategy for a hybrid electric bus (HEB), with an emphasized consciousness of both thermal safety and degradation of the onboard lithium-ion battery (LIB) system. Firstly, the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is combined with an expert-assistance system, for the first time, to enhance the “cold start” performance and optimize the power allocation of HEB. Secondly, in the framework of the proposed algorithm, the penalties to over-temperature and LIB degradation are embedded to improve the management quality in terms of the thermal safety enforcement and overall driving cost reduction. The proposed strategy is tested under different road missions to validate its superiority over state-of-the-art techniques in terms of training efficiency and optimization performance. |
17,999 | Please write an abstract with title: TE solutions of an integral equations method for electromagnetic scattering from a 2D cavity, and key words: Tellurium, Integral equations, Electromagnetic scattering, Resonance, Geometry, Two dimensional displays, Moment methods, Polarization, Magnetic fields, Conducting materials. Abstract: We implement a set of scalar integral equations that govern the electromagnetic scattering from a two-dimensional cavity embedded in an infinite, perfectly conducting ground plane. The cavity may be empty or filled with a dielectric material. We solve the equations via the method of moments for an incident plane wave in TE polarization and compute the monostatic echo width. We give an error estimate of the method and compare our results with those found by a published integral equation solver and a finite-element method scheme. |
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