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18,200 | Please write an abstract with title: Data-Aware Storage Tiering for Deep Learning, and key words: Training, Radio frequency, Deep learning, Training data, Bandwidth, Throughput, Data systems. Abstract: DNN models trained with very large datasets can perform rich deep learning tasks with high accuracy. However, feeding huge volumes of training data exerts significant pressure on IO subsystems as the entire data is re-loaded in random order on every iteration to enable convergence, with very little scope for reuse. To address this challenge, we co-optimize data tiering and iteration in DNN training for any given dataset and model with bandwidth and convergence conscious mini-epoch training (MET). This approach can substantially reduce the IO bandwidth required to provide sustained read throughput matching the processing speed of accelerators. Further, we introduce two different feedback mechanisms to adjust the repeating factor over each mini-epoch during the training. We have evaluated three different applications with MET. Most of them work outof-box with modest MET parameters. The adaptive repeating factor design was able to gain back most of the accuracy drop due lo large MET parameters. |
18,201 | Please write an abstract with title: Bindi: Affective Internet of Things to Combat Gender-Based Violence, and key words: Internet of Things, Physiology, Pipelines, Emotion recognition, Data integration, Computer architecture, Training. Abstract: The main research motivation of this article is the fight against gender-based violence and achieving gender equality from a technological perspective. The solution proposed in this work goes beyond currently existing panic buttons, needing to be manually operated by the victims under difficult circumstances. Instead, Bindi, our end-to-end autonomous multimodal system, relies on artificial intelligence methods to automatically identify violent situations, based on detecting fear-related emotions, and trigger a protection protocol, if necessary. To this end, Bindi integrates modern state-of-the-art technologies, such as the Internet of Bodies, affective computing, and cyber–physical systems, leveraging: 1) affective Internet of Things (IoT) with auditory and physiological commercial off-the-shelf smart sensors embedded in wearable devices; 2) hierarchical multisensorial information fusion; and 3) the edge-fog-cloud IoT architecture. This solution is evaluated using our own data set named WEMAC, a very recently collected and freely available collection of data comprising the auditory and physiological responses of 47 women to several emotions elicited by using a virtual reality environment. On this basis, this work provides an analysis of multimodal late fusion strategies to combine the physiological and speech data processing pipelines to identify the best intelligence engine strategy for Bindi. In particular, the best data fusion strategy reports an overall fear classification accuracy of 63.61% for a subject-independent approach. Both a power consumption study and an audio data processing pipeline to detect violent acoustic events complement this analysis. This research is intended as an initial multimodal baseline that facilitates further work with real-life elicited fear in women. |
18,202 | Please write an abstract with title: On the application of vacuum diodes with cold cathode for direct conversion of microwave power to DC, and key words: Cathodes, Schottky diodes, Circuits, Microwave theory and techniques, Rectennas, Microwave antenna arrays, Microwave generation, Microwave devices, Power generation, Helium. Abstract: The opportunities of application of field emission cathodes for effective conversion of microwave power to DC are investigated. The significant influence of transit time effects on the conversion efficiency is demonstrated. Optimal transit angle is calculated and main parameters of the device are obtained. It is demonstrated that at frequency 10 GHz the efficiency achieves 60% at output power 4.3 kW. |
18,203 | Please write an abstract with title: Anti-collision performance of Gen2 air protocol in random error communication link, and key words: Radiofrequency identification, Access protocols, RFID tags, Wireless communication, ISO standards, IEC standards, Frequency, Degradation, Laboratories, Interference. Abstract: When a multitude of RFID tags are in the interrogating field, an anti-collision technology must be used. In literatures, the reading performance was mainly investigated on the error-free communication links between reader and tags. In the practical situations, particularly where a number of readers and other wireless devices share the same frequency band, the performance on the erroneous links would be significant interest. In this paper, we evaluated Gen2 air protocol paying attention to the anti-collision performance in random error communication link. As a result of simulation, two findings were obtained. Firstly, there is an appropriate number of slots depending on the number of tags. This number hardly changes even if a random error is incurred on the link. Secondly, the singulation speed might be significantly degraded particularly in erroneous links, if the optimal number of slots is not chosen. The findings can be interpreted such that the necessary link quality can be derived if the number of tags and permissible time are known a priori to the implementation. For instance, if 64 tags are required to be read in one second, it is necessary to ensure the link quality to be better than BER=10/sup -4/ in random error environment. |
18,204 | Please write an abstract with title: Direct Single Frequency Synthesis from a Prescribed Scattering Matrix, and key words: Frequency synthesizers, Scattering, Matrix decomposition, Resistors, Impedance, Transformers, Gyrators, Capacitors, Inductors, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Abstract: This paper presents two techniques for synthesizing an n-port (at a single frequency) directly from its normalized scattering matrix without recourse to its associated impedance matrix. Both methods depend on standard matrix canonic forms. In the first one, all the loss is extracted immediately in the form of n resistors and the problem is reduced to the synthesis of a lossless 2n-port. The second makes use of the Jordan decomposition of a matrix and leads to a hybrid mixture of ideal transformers, reactances, gyrators and resistors. The only elements required for a complete synthesis are ideal transformers, lossless capacitors, inductors, and gyrators, and positive and negative resistors. It is shown that synthesis from a prescribed scattering matrix requires, in general, irrational operations (computation of eigenvectors, eigenvalues, etc.) whereas synthesis from a prescribed impedance matrix (if it exists) can be achieved with rational operations alone. |
18,205 | Please write an abstract with title: Template-Assisted Selective Epitaxy of InAs on W, and key words: Semiconductor device measurement, Electron beams, Films, Electric variables measurement, Crystals, Epitaxial growth, Compounds. Abstract: Results on integration of InAs on W films through template assisted selective epitaxy are presented. The InAs crystals are analysed using SEM, electron beam backscattering and in-situ electrical measurements. A high yield of single crystalline InAs can be obtained for certain template diameters and pitches which demonstrates that this is a viable route to integrate III-V semiconductors in the back-end-of-line of CMOS circuits for added functionality. |
18,206 | Please write an abstract with title: Semi-supervised Robust Dual-graph Concept Factorization via L<inf>2,1</inf> Norm, and key words: Manifolds, Representation learning, Machine learning algorithms, Automation, Clustering algorithms, Feature extraction, Robustness. Abstract: Recently, as an effective paradigm for representation learning, Concept Factorization (CF) has attracted a great deal of interests in the areas of machine learning and data mining. However, it is difficult for existing CF related algorithms to effectively learn data manifold and feature manifold while utilizing the label information of data to learn more discriminative features. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel method called semi-supervised robust dual-graph CF (named RGCCF), which considers the manifold of data and features and combines the limited label information. Furthermore, an effective optimized method is proposed to solve the RGCCF problem. The experimential results on real-world datasets shows that RGCCF can achieve better clustering performance compared with the other CF-based methods. |
18,207 | Please write an abstract with title: Integration of PtSi-based Schottky-barrier p-MOSFETs with a midgap tungsten gate, and key words: MOSFETs, MESFETs, Schottky diodes, Nanotechnology, Semiconductor device modeling, Passivation, Heat treatment, Silicon on insulator technology, Platinum materials/devices, Silicon materials/devices, Tungsten materials/devices. Abstract: This paper demonstrates the successful integration of Schottky barrier (SB) MOSFETs that feature platinum silicide (PtSi) source/drain and a tungsten midgap gate down to a length of 40 nm. SB MOSFETs are shown to steadily progress with respect to conventional highly doped source/drain with a current drive (I/sub on/) of 325-425 /spl mu/A//spl mu/m, an off-state current (I/sub off/) of 14-368nA//spl mu/m at -2 V for 100-40 nm physical gate lengths, respectively. Post-silicidation thermal treatments necessary to passivate defects at the silicon/silicon dioxide interface are shown to negatively impact electrical performance of short channel devices due to an increase of the SB to holes. Device simulation corroborates the increased sensitivity of the current drive to the modulation of the SB as the gate length is scaled down. |
18,208 | Please write an abstract with title: Crosstalk in product related bus systems using 110 nm CMOS technology, and key words: CMOS technology, Crosstalk, Substrates, Conductivity, Time measurement, Shape, Signal generators, Artificial intelligence, Chemical technology, Space technology. Abstract: The influence of the ground line position on the signal shape in the time domain is investigated in the presence of grounded substrates by M. F. Ktata et al. (2003) with different conductivities of 10 S/m (low) and 100 S/m (medium). It is shown that the impact of substrate effects on time domain signals depends on the substrate conductivity, on the relative position of the ground line with respect to the signal lines as well as on the length of the line system. In addition, the impact of process-related generated voids between closely spaced signal lines on crosstalk is investigated, too. |
18,209 | Please write an abstract with title: Drag reduction in turbulent channel flow over spatially periodic surfaces, and key words: Mathematical model, Corrugated surfaces, Viscosity, Drag, Boundary conditions, Computational modeling, Market research. Abstract: Carefully designed surface corrugation is a sensorfree strategy that can reduce skin-friction drag in turbulent flows. In contrast to the traditional approach that relies on numerical simulations and experiments, we develop a model-based framework to quantify the impact of spanwise-periodic surfaces on the dynamics of velocity fluctuations and the resulting mean flow. We model the effect of surface corrugation as a volume penalization on the Navier-Stokes equations and use the statistical response of the stochastically forced linearized equations to quantify the effect of background turbulence on skin-friction drag. For triangular corrugations, we demonstrate that our simulation-free approach reliably predicts drag-reducing trends observed in high-fidelity simulations and experiments. |
18,210 | Please write an abstract with title: A Supervised Machine Learning Approach to Control Energy Storage Devices, and key words: Training, Support vector machines, Schedules, Machine learning algorithms, Simulation, Feature extraction, Control systems. Abstract: This paper introduces a supervised machine learning approach to predict and schedule the real-time operation mode of the next operation interval for residential PV/Battery systems controlled by mode-based controllers. The performance of the mode-based economic model-predictive control (EMPC) approach is used as the benchmark. The residential load and PV data used in the paper are 1-minute data downloaded from the the Pecan Street Project website. The optimal operation mode for each control interval is first derived from the historical data used as the training set. Then, four machine learning algorithms (i.e. neural network, support vector machine, logistic regression, and random forest algorithms) are applied. We compared the performance of the four algorithms when using different number of features and length of the training sets extracted from different months of the year. Simulation results show that using the ML approach can effectively improve the performance of the mode-based control system and reduce the computation effort of local controllers because the training can be completed on a cloud-based ML engine. The work presented in this paper paves the way for using a shared-learning platform to design controllers of residential PV/storage systems. This may significantly reduce the cost for implementing such systems. |
18,211 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamical Adaptive Synchronization, and key words: Synchronization, Master-slave, Humans, Control systems, Vibrations, Mobile robots, Convergence, Vehicles, Helicopters, Sun. Abstract: The notions of dynamical synchronization and adaptive dynamical synchronization problems are introduced. The algorithm solving adaptive synchronization problem for a subclass of Lurie systems with exciting input is proposed. The performance and potentialities of proposed solutions are demonstrated by two examples related to formation control and self-organization of swarm systems. |
18,212 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of Digital Angle Measuring Technologies Based on the Use of Two-Dimensional Scales for Metrological Support of Navigation Systems, and key words: Measurement errors, Navigation, Theodolites, Goniometers, Two dimensional displays, Photodetectors, Calibration. Abstract: The paper considers the possibility of using a new angle-measuring technology based on 2D scales in the calibration of navigation and orientation systems. The simulation is carried out and the measurement error estimates are obtained for photodetector matrices with different information field sizes. |
18,213 | Please write an abstract with title: Hybrid context modeling: a location-based scheme using ontologies, and key words: Context modeling, Ontologies, Pervasive computing, Context awareness, Information management, Telecommunication computing, Software systems, Man machine systems, Environmental management, Large-scale systems. Abstract: Context awareness is an inherent feature of pervasive computing. It enhances the proactiveness of the system thus requiring less user attention and fewer human-machine interactions, it supports intelligent personalization features, and it can assist the system to address the user requirements considering the current conditions. Nevertheless, in such environments, various types of context information are involved and need to be efficiently managed and maintained, soundly interpreted, rapidly processed, and securely disseminated by the system. Thus, an interoperable and flexible context representation scheme is necessary that will support efficient context interpretation and reasoning and will perform well in distributed large-scale context-aware systems. This paper is concerned with the development of a hybrid context representation scheme that aims to combine the maintenance, distribution and administrative facilities of a location-based context model and the semantic advantages of context ontologies |
18,214 | Please write an abstract with title: Use of parallel recognizers for robust in-car speech interaction, and key words: Speech recognition, Robustness, Natural languages, Vocabulary, Engines, Hidden Markov models, Acoustic noise, Cities and towns, Control systems, Air safety. Abstract: This paper refers to an activity under way at the speech recognition technology level for the development of a hands-free dialogue interaction system in the car environment. The use of a set of HMM recognizers, running in parallel, is being investigated in order to ensure low complexity, modularity, fast response, and to allow a real-time reconfiguration of the language models and grammars according to the policy indicated by natural language understanding and dialogue manager modules. A corpus of spontaneous speech interactions was collected using the Wizard-of-Oz method in a real driving situation with a microphone placed far from the driver. The use of parallel recognition units, each specialized on a given geographical domain, was explored using the resulting real corpus. Experiments show the advantage of selecting the recognized sentence according to the maximum likelihood among the active units when compared to the use of a single language model based on a very large vocabulary. |
18,215 | Please write an abstract with title: Special Disease Prediction System Using Machine Learning, and key words: Industries, Machine learning algorithms, Hospitals, Machine learning, Parallel processing, Prediction algorithms, Data models. Abstract: The wide variety of computer-based technologies within the healthcare industry has led to the gathering of electronic data. Due to the massive number of information, medical professionals are faced with the challenge of accurately diagnosing signs and figuring out diseases at an early stage. In medicine, misdiagnosis could be a major factor leading because of poor treatment and diagnosing the disease when it’s serious. However, supervised machine learning techniques have demonstrated the potential to surpass conventional diagnostic procedures and assist medical professionals in diagnosing high-risk diseases. Mostly people feel lazy to visit a hospital, and concern a doctor for a minor complication. However, this small problem can pose significant medical risk. Since, online medical advice is readily available. The system evaluates the symptoms that person give as an input and gives the disease as an output. Naive Bayes Classifier is used in the system. Our system focuses on accuracy, the more numbers of a symptoms furnished by the person as a input the disorder prediction as a output will be better. Work can enhance the health care industry to zenith and give cure to world. |
18,216 | Please write an abstract with title: Cohesion Network Analysis: Customized Curriculum Management in Moodle, and key words: Filtering, Scientific computing, Navigation, Taxonomy, Semantics, Natural languages, Medical services. Abstract: Learning Management Systems frequently act as platforms for online content which is usually structured hierarchically into modules and lessons to ease navigation. However, the volume of information may be overwhelming, or only part of the lessons may be relevant for an individual; thus, the need for customized curricula emerges. We introduce a Moodle plugin developed to help learners customize their curriculum to best fit their learning needs by relying on specific filtering criteria and semantic relatedness. For this experiment, a Moodle instance was created for doctors working in the field of nutrition in early life. The platform includes 78 lessons tackling a wide variety of topics, organized into five modules. Our plugin enables users to specify basic filtering criteria, including their field of expertise, topics of interest from a predefined taxonomy, or expected themes (e.g., background knowledge, practice & counselling, or guidelines) for a preliminary pre-screening of lessons. In addition, learners can also provide a description in natural language of their learning interests. This text is compared with each lesson's description using Cohesion Network Analysis, and lessons are selected above an experimentally set threshold. Our approach also takes into account prior knowledge requirements, and may suggest lessons for further reading. Overall, the plugin covers the management of the entire course lifecycle, namely: a) creating a customized curriculum; b) tracking the progress of completed lessons; c) generating completion certificates with corresponding CME points. |
18,217 | Please write an abstract with title: The Evaluation of Daily Comparative Leakage Currents on Porcelain and Silicone Rubber Insulators Under Natural Environmental Conditions, and key words: Leakage currents, Porcelain, Temperature measurement, Humidity, Rubber, Current measurement, Correlation. Abstract: In this research, the leakage current (LC) and applied voltage waveforms on samples of installed outdoor porcelain and silicone rubber (SIR) insulators were measured by using a storage digital oscilloscope concurrent with humidity, temperature, and illuminance measurements. Essentially, the measurements were conducted daily, every three hours, for thirty days, and the data were analyzed using exponential regressions, box plots, and correlation coefficients. The porcelain and SIR insulator leakage currents varied from 23.7 μA to 28.8 μA and 8.4 μA to 10.35 μA for median values, respectively, while for outlier excluded values, they varied from 20.3 μA to 40.0 μA and 5.1 μA to 17.1 μA, respectively. Both leakage currents slightly increased as the exposure duration of the insulator rose, while the ratio decreased very slightly. Additionally, the leakage currents decreased moderately and slightly as the temperature and illuminance increased, respectively. However, the parabolic leakage currents increased as the humidity rose, especially at high humidity. Therefore, the porcelain insulator was more susceptible than the daily SIR, while the SIR insulator was more highly influenced by aging of the exposure duration. The rainy condition contributed to the highest leakage currents on both insulators, whereas the drizzle condition contributed to the highest leakage current on the SIR insulator. The total harmonic distortion (THD) and phase angle of the porcelain insulator leakage currents experienced differences of 5.8% and 7.8 degrees in the minimum and maximum humidity, respectively, but both quantities were less for the SIR insulator. |
18,218 | Please write an abstract with title: Sublogarithmic deterministic selection on arrays with a reconfigurable optical bus, and key words: Optical arrays, Optical computing, Sorting, Optical interconnections, Concurrent computing, Costs, Optical waveguides, Optical switches, Computer networks, Phase change random access memory. Abstract: The linear array with a reconfigurable pipelined bus system (LARPBS) is a newly introduced parallel computational model, where processors are connected by a reconfigurable optical bus. In this paper, we show that the selection problem can be solved on the LARPBS model deterministically in O((loglogN)/sup 2// log log log N) time. To our best knowledge, this is the best deterministic selection algorithm on any model with a reconfigurable optical bus. |
18,219 | Please write an abstract with title: A Survey on machine learning techniques for the diagnosis of liver disease, and key words: Liver diseases, Machine learning, Support vector machines, Classification algorithms, Machine learning algorithms, Diseases. Abstract: Suffering from liver disease has been rapidly increasing due to excessive drink of alcohol, inhale polluted gas, drugs, contamination food and packing food pickle, so the medical expert system will help a doctor to automatic prediction. With the repeated development in machine learning technology, early prediction of liver disease is possible so that people can easily diagnosis the deadly disease in the early stage. This will give more useful in the Healthcare department and also a medical expert system can be used in a remote area. The liver plays a very important role in life which supports the removal of toxins from the body. So early prediction is very important to diagnosis the disease and recovers. Different types of machine learning, Supervised, Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised, Reinforcement Learning for diagnosis of liver disease such as SVM, KNN, K-Mean clustering, neural network, Decision tree etc and give difference accuracy, precision, sensitivity. The motive of this paper is to give a survey and comparative analysis of the entire machine learning techniques for diagnosis and prediction of liver disease in the medical area, which has already been used for the prediction of liver disease by various authors and the analysis are based on Accuracy, Sensitivity, Precision, and Specificity. |
18,220 | Please write an abstract with title: Using Domain Knowledge to Assist Process Scenario Discoveries, and key words: Weight measurement, Computational modeling, Clustering methods, Clustering algorithms, Data models, Partitioning algorithms, Wastewater treatment. Abstract: Trace clustering techniques are often used to assist in discovering different process scenarios. Most existing trace clustering methods aim to partition the event log into different subsets of logs where event traces in the same subset most likely belong to the same scenario. Typically, the partitioning is based on certain patterns, the similarity between the traces, or done by discovering a process model for each cluster of traces. However, most algorithms achieve this by solely using an event log, without allowing the domain expert to influence the discovery in any way. The domain expert may have certain domain expertise which should be exploited to create better process scenario models. This paper presents a density-based trace clustering technique based on expert knowledge to assist process scenario discovery results. A real wastewater treatment process provided by a domain expert is used as a case study to investigate the effectiveness and validity of the approach. We also use five real-life event logs to compare the performance of the process approach for process scenario discoveries with the commonly used k-means clustering approach. To measure the validity of our results, we take the weighted average fitness, the weighted average precision, and the F1 score. The experiment data show that (1) the proposed approach is able to discover the process scenarios from event logs by incorporating domain knowledge and (2) the process models obtained with the proposed approach have higher fitness, precision, and F1 scores than the models obtained by the commonly used k-means clustering approaches. |
18,221 | Please write an abstract with title: Empirical Research of sports Assisted EMG Mechanical Bionic Prosthesis, and key words: Instruments, Stability criteria, Thumb, Grasping, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Manipulators, Electromyography. Abstract: Purpose: According to the poll on 19 years China Disabled Persons’ Federation, China now has more than 85 million people with disabilities, including body of persons with disabilities proportion for body because of physical reasons for the disabled and the biggest difficult to exercise the problem, the team developed the EMG bionic mechanical prosthesis, in order to test whether EMG bionic manipulator can be normal operation, And to detect the completion of simple sports items after wearing.Research Methods: In this paper, experimental observation and other research methods were used to effectively measure the number of upper limb mutilation in 17 people. Skin myoelectric measurement instruments were used to test the subjects, and the EMG electromyographic signals were tested, recorded and analyzed. And after wearing the EMG biomimetic mechanical prosthesis, the test subjects performed taijiquan, sword-play and simple instrument fitness activities. The experiment was conducted with the completion of movement, manipulator status, stability characteristics, weight bearing, coordination characteristics and self-satisfaction according to the questionnaire survey of the subjects after the test.Results: The EMG bionic hand collected signals from three EMG sensors, and could recognize and make five gestures such as grasping, extending thumb, extending index finger, extending middle finger ring finger and little finger, and palm opening, and the recognition rate could reach more than 99.5%.Conclusions: In this paper, the accuracy of five gestures such as grasping, extending thumb, extending index finger, extending middle finger ring finger and little finger and palm opening after wearing the bionic hand is selected as the test. According to the stability analysis of the experimental results after wearing, it can be seen that the EMG bionic hand can basically participate in some sports projects, and it is stable and feasible. In this paper, the feasibility of independent system and variable step size moving time window method is verified through experiments. The actual online recognition rate of simulation is above 99.5%, and experiments will be continued in the future, which is of great significance to the development of human health. |
18,222 | Please write an abstract with title: Identification and Classification of Rice Plant Disease Using Hybrid Transfer Learning, and key words: Deep learning, Microorganisms, Plants (biology), Transfer learning, Crops, Production, Information processing. Abstract: The Rice crop is considered one of the most widely grown crops in Asia and it is susceptible to various types of illnesses at different stages of production. Food safety and production can be affected by rice plant diseases, as well as a significant decline in the quality and quantity of agricultural goods. Plant diseases can potentially prevent grain harvesting entirely in severe circumstances. As a result, automation of identification and diagnosis of plant disease is widely needed in the agriculture field. Many approaches for doing this problem have been offered with deep learning rising as the preferred method because of its excellent achievement. In this proposed research, we used Hybrid deep CNN transfer learning with rice plant images or the classification and identification of various rice diseases, we employed Transfer Learning to generate our deep learning model using Rice_Leaf_Dataset from a secondary source. The proposed model is 90.8% accurate, Experiments show that the proposed approach is viable, and it can be used to detect plant diseases efficiently and outperformed. |
18,223 | Please write an abstract with title: Antiresonance Phenomenon and Peak Voltage Stress Within PWM Inverter Fed Stator Winding, and key words: Windings, Power cables, Stator windings, Stress, Voltage control, Power cable insulation, Oscillators. Abstract: The high-frequency behavior of the stator winding is synthesized herein using a multiconductor transmission line model to study the potential location of excessive voltage stress, being the main cause of insulation failure within the winding. The comprehensive modeling approach proclaims that the voltage distribution within the winding is a result of the antiresonance phenomenon, which can be characterized by two oscillatory responses. One of the oscillatory response may lead to excessive voltage stress at the terminals of the machine, which have been reported extensively. However, it is the other oscillatory response, which engenders maximum voltage stress at the neutral end to the winding and prevails due to the superposition of traveling voltage waves. The latter is a sole characteristic of the stator winding and may be more detrimental to the winding insulation. Therefore, the stator winding remains under stress even with short or no cable. Furthermore, the article illustrates that increasing the cable up to a certain length can be potentially treacherous. The simulation results validate the identified phenomenon through the high-frequency model of the cable and the stator winding developed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Further, the experimental results verify the aforementioned phenomenon on an automotive-grade 60 kW permanent magnet synchronous machine. |
18,224 | Please write an abstract with title: Effects of functional end-groups on nano-tribology characteristics of ultra-thin liquid lubricant films in hard disk drives, and key words: Lubricants, Hard disks, Testing, Magnetic films, Magnetic heads, Polymer films, Magnetic hysteresis, Magnetic recording, Chemicals, Mechanical engineering. Abstract: This paper describes the effects of functional end-groups on lubricant redistribution of ultra-thin liquid lubricant films in hard disk drives. In the experiments, the spreading characteristics of ultra-thin liquid lubricant films have been investigated by using the disks with two kinds of lubricants which have different end-groups. In other words, the tested lubricants were conventional Zdol and novel cyclotriphosphazene-terminated PFPE lubricant. It was found that the mobility of novel lubricant film is lower than that of conventional Zdol and these characteristics depend on the interactions between the end-groups of the lubricants and carbon surfaces. The effect of molecularly thin lubricant films on nano-spacing flying head slider hysteresis behavior for touch-down and take-off process has been studied and the dynamic interactions between the slider and the tested lubricants films in near contact regime have been clarified. In addition, the behavior of two kinds of lubricants films for contact sliders also has been investigated. It could be observed that the lubricant film thickness instability occurs as a result of slider-disk contacts for the tested lubricants. Their unstable lubricant behavior depends on the chemical structure of functional end-group. Therefore, it may be concluded that the functional end-groups play a very important role and affect the tribological performance of lubricants in head-disk interface. |
18,225 | Please write an abstract with title: Exploration and Practice of Online Innovation Practice Teaching Mode, and key words: Training, Technological innovation, Education, Web and internet services, Entrepreneurship, Games, Speech recognition. Abstract: Online innovative practice teaching conforms to the innovative requirements of “Internet + Education” and is an important way to promote the reform of engineering practice education in colleges and universities. In order to realize the good operation of online innovative practice teaching, the author proposed to carry out the course organization of online innovative practice teaching with the project as the center and integrated experience as the goal. Based on the feedback, the author constructed the operation mechanism of online innovative practice teaching to guarantee the effect of online teaching. Through the teaching practice of three years, the innovation of educational ideas and educational mode were promoted, and outstanding results were achieved. |
18,226 | Please write an abstract with title: ITDT: An Iterative Decision Tree-based Approach for Telecom Customer Classification, and key words: Statistical analysis, Social networking (online), Machine learning, Iterative algorithms, Classification algorithms, Telecommunications, Decision trees. Abstract: With the fast development of mobile technologies, mobile marketing has become an import task for telecom operators. As a result, customer classification has attracted the attention of many scholars and companies. Decision tree is a computational intelligence technique having been widely used in the field of machine learning and data mining. To solve the customer classification problem, we propose an iterative decision tree-based (ITDT) approach. Through the communication data provided by one of the largest telecom operators in China, we aim to identify student customers from non-student ones. We first build the customers' social network through their phone call and SMS records. Then we make statistical analysis on the network, which helps us to determine the network-based features used for customer classification. Last, we propose an iterative decision tree-based algorithm to identify the student customers. We conduct experiments under different algorithm parameters and the results show the effectiveness of our algorithm. |
18,227 | Please write an abstract with title: Predicting Episodic Video Memorability using Deep Features Fusion Strategy, and key words: Histograms, Visualization, Annotations, Video sequences, Color, Feature extraction, Proposals. Abstract: Video memorability prediction has become an important research topic in computer vision in recent years. The movie's input is highly remembered that gains much attention with unbounded time constraints. Episodic memory is a fascinating research area that needs much attention using video processing tools and techniques. Episodic memories are long-lasting with complete detail. Movies are one of the best instances of episodic memory. This paper proposes a novel framework to fuse deep features to predict the probability of recalling episodic events. Memories are reproducible and sensitive to sophisticated set of properties rather than low-level propertiesthe proposed framework pin up the fusion of text, visual and motion features. A fuzzy-based FastText model, a supervised text extraction module, is designed to extract the annotations with their relevant classes. The colour histogram analysis is done to determine the dominant colour region that performs as a connected fragment to form episodic video sequences. A novel Faster R-CNN is designed to discover the scene objects using an informative regional proposal network formation. Here, the modified loss function sorts out the lowest overlapping regions yielding the best proposals. The ‘high-level’ properties are collected using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to form episodic shots. These are fused to estimate the memorability score. The proposed framework is implemented in Mediaeval 2018 datasets. A superior spearman's rank correlation result is achieved as 0.6428 short-term and 0.4285 long-term memorability than the latest comparable methods. |
18,228 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning hierarchical models of scenes, objects, and parts, and key words: Layout, Object detection, Computer vision, Graphical models, Random variables, Dictionaries, Computer science, Image databases, Spatial databases, Visual databases. Abstract: We describe a hierarchical probabilistic model for the detection and recognition of objects in cluttered, natural scenes. The model is based on a set of parts which describe the expected appearance and position, in an object centered coordinate frame, of features detected by a low-level interest operator. Each object category then has its own distribution over these parts, which are shared between objects. We learn the parameters of this model via a Gibbs sampler which uses the graphical model's structure to analytically average over many parameters. Applied to a database of images of isolated objects, the sharing of parts among objects improves detection accuracy when few training examples are available. We also extend this hierarchical framework to scenes containing multiple objects |
18,229 | Please write an abstract with title: The Evolution of Efficiency Indicators in the Economies of European Countries, and key words: Productivity, Technological innovation, Costs, Greenhouse effect, Europe, Market research, Indexes. Abstract: This study includes an analysis of resource and energy productivity indicators over ten years. Through these indicators it was possible to obtain the evolution of these indicators during the years studied as well as the differences between countries because of the achievements in those economies. The comparative analysis of the two indicators shows that the evolution trend is similar during 2019. Subsequently, a ranking of countries was made according to 5 indicators: Energy productivity, Resource productivity, Greenhouse gas emissions per capita and Eco innovation index. According to this ranking, it can be seen which are the countries that registered high values for the productivity and eco-innovation indicators and countries where the Greenhouse gas emissions per capita indicator registered decreasing values. |
18,230 | Please write an abstract with title: Error distribution in turbo-decoding with max-log-MAP algorithm, and key words: Maximum likelihood decoding, Viterbi algorithm, Performance analysis, Convolutional codes, Iterative decoding, Bit error rate, Computer errors, Convergence, Turbo codes, Computer simulation. Abstract: Since the apparition of turbocodes in 1993, this topic has been a great success and the subject of much research. But the performance of these coding systems are often presented only in terms of bit-error-rate (BER) or frame-error-rate (FER). These parameters are not the only ones to take into account when designing a communication system. Other properties of the error distribution are also important when analysing the performance of the system at higher levels such as the networking layer. This paper presents some properties of the errors at the output of a turbo decoding system. It also presents a model that is able to describe the error burst length when using the max-log-MAP decoding algorithm. |
18,231 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of an Autonomous Mobile Surveillance System Using a Network-based RTK-GPS, and key words: Surveillance, Navigation, Remotely operated vehicles, Global Positioning System, Laser radar, Charge-coupled image sensors, Radar tracking, Production facilities, Wireless LAN, Base stations. Abstract: This paper describes an autonomous mobile surveillance system usually used in a factory premises with some high-rise buildings. This system consists of a wireless LAN network, a base station and an autonomous vehicle. The vehicle is equipped with a GPS/INS navigation system using the network-based Real-Time Kinematic GPS (RTK-GPS) with Positioning Augmentation Services (PASTM, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation 2003), an Area Laser Radar (ALR), a CCD camera called slaved camera, and an Omni-Directional Vision (ODV) sensor for surveillance and reconnaissance. The vehicle switches navigation modes according to the vehicle status. It has three guidance modes, which are “Normal”, “Road tracking”, and “Crossing recognition”. A field test result shows that the vehicle can track the planned path within 0.10[m] accuracy at straight paths and within 0.25[m] for curved paths even if RTK fixed solutions are not available. Field experiments and analyses have proved that the proposed navigation method can provide good enough guidance accuracy even under poor satellite visibility and that the panorama image database with absolute position is useful for surveillance. |
18,232 | Please write an abstract with title: RAitc: Securely Auditing the Remotely Executed Applications, and key words: Hardware, Security, Virtual machine monitors, Cloud computing, Monitoring, Malware. Abstract: One of the most important security challenges in remote computing (e.g., cloud computing) is protecting users' applications running on the service platform from malicious attacks. Because remote users have little control over the platform, a malicious platform manager or platform-sharing guest acting as an adversary can easily create an untrustworthy execution environment. Prior studies have leveraged trusted third party (TTP)-based and trusted execution environment (TEE)-based approaches to mitigate such security issues, but these approaches still provide little transparency from the user's perspective. To address this challenge, we present a remote auditing approach based on an identified trust chain (RAitc) to analyze the correctness of remotely loaded applications. The chain is constructed with two goals: the first is to identify the remote platform to ensure that the user has a designated service system; the second is to build a trust chain from the user to the designated platform via verifiable computing-based module measurements and kernel-based application auditing. RAitc achieves a higher guarantee of safety in securely monitoring and verifying the integrity of remote applications executed by users. In addition, RAitc is both easier and more flexible for the extension of the trust base. Our implementation of RAitc protects users' remote execution environments while requiring an acceptable overhead on the target system in application auditing. We rigorously and comprehensively evaluated the effectiveness and performance of RAitc. The results show that RAitc performs effectively and has acceptable resource consumption. |
18,233 | Please write an abstract with title: Model Predictive Control with Online Nonlinear Parameter Identification for a Robotic System, and key words: Robots, Optimal control, Computational modeling, Adaptation models, Mathematical model, Predictive models, Robot kinematics. Abstract: This paper presents two algorithms for online updates of model parameters during system execution. An introductory one is based on sequentially solving optimal control problems (OCPs) and parameter identification problems (PIPs). For that we apply direct methods from optimal control to convert the arising problems into nonlinear optimization problems. The algorithm is demonstrated on an idealized robotic system, which performs a pick-and-place job. First numerical results show the effectiveness of the alternatingly computed parameter estimates and optimal controls. Additionally, we show how the extension of the algorithm to model predictive control (MPC) can provide online parameter updates. In particular, we show that with the second method we are able to perform a good point-to-point control by identifying time-dependent parameters online. |
18,234 | Please write an abstract with title: Next generation ECDIS for commercial and military uses, and key words: Navigation, Displays, Radar, Marine vehicles, Marine safety, Internet, Software safety, Information systems, Safety devices, Bridges. Abstract: The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is more than a navigational and anti-grounding tool of a ship, its safety features are much more sophisticated and it should be regarded as the main safety tool onboard a vessel. The inclusion of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) information in ECDIS will make it an efficient anti-collision tool and provide redundancy for radar. The addition of dynamic Electronic Navigation Charts (ENC) permitting real-time depth display will enhance further safety value of ECDIS. The new functionality of voice output is its another safety feature. ECDIS offers unification of displays for radar, charts, etc., with user choosing what and when he or she requires and combining the data as the need be. It can be considered as a total, integrated navigational system. It can already display charts and navigational information, radar/ARPA and AIS data. Additional data and information can be easily incorporated making ECDIS the most comprehensive safety device on a ship's bridge. ECDIS technology will be used in a similar fashion for military applications. Like the civilian thematic data layers, the Additional Military Layers (AML) will be overlaid on the chart as and when required by the navigator/tactician. Several AMLs are an extension of the civilian data and require no or few new objects or attributes, the others, purely military products will have to be developed from scratch. Some products may require the definition of both vector and model components. Interfaces with real-time or near real-time information sources are already a reality, and so is dynamic depth adjustment, as well as Internet chart and data access and presentation. These facilities have been recently developed for the port of San Diego. Long term aims include provision of the high density digital bathymetric data and determining the methodology of supplying dynamic data by various scientific, government and commercial organizations. New data exchange formats, such as Marine XML, are being considered to improve interoperability of various databases and other data sources with the users on ships. ECDIS is also important for the pleasure and fishing craft. They frequently have no radar and usually no room for dedicated displays. However, ECDIS and similar systems are becoming prevalent on small vessels and are the best means to display all navigational information, thus improving the safety of small craft. The Internet distribution of navigational software and electronic charts increases the availability of these products and thus enhances indirectly the safety of navigation. |
18,235 | Please write an abstract with title: Infinite Array Approach for Distributed Subarray Configuration, and key words: Conferences, Antenna arrays, Design optimization. Abstract: This work presents a design and analysis of distributed subarray configurations with the subarray units being large finite arrays. Each large subarray pattern has been computed using the infinite array approach of Antenna Toolbox, while the total array pattern is obtained using pattern superposition. The proposed technique can be useful in reducing the overall computational load of simulating large subarray units, thereby impacting the design optimization of such arrays over a wide scanning angle. |
18,236 | Please write an abstract with title: A Linear Programing Formulation of Time-Coupled Flexibility Market Bids by Storage Systems, and key words: Resistance heating, Schedules, Optimization, Electric vehicles, Power generation, Renewable energy sources. Abstract: Local flexibility markets are a concept to integrate distributed flexibilities such as power-to-gas, power-to-heat systems, electric vehicles, and battery storage systems into congestion management of distribution and transmission grids. However, the activation of the flexibility of storage systems changes their state-of-charge and thus reduces their available flexibility. Counter-trading or compensation of activated flexibility in later points of time lets storage operators regain flexibility. However, this compensation might create or amplify congestions when not supervised by system operators. Therefore, we propose the inclusion of compensation within the flexibility market clearing process by system operators. We further develop a linear formulation of flexibility market bids by storage systems that takes the need for compensation into account. For this, first, the operational planning formulation of a storage system is expanded by flexibility market participation. Subsequently, the linear formulation of bids is derived and demonstrated. |
18,237 | Please write an abstract with title: A Performance-Oriented Comparison of Neural Network Approaches for Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection, and key words: Training, Recurrent neural networks, Statistical analysis, Memory management, Intrusion detection, Artificial neural networks, Real-time systems. Abstract: Intrusion Detection Systems employ anomaly detection algorithms to detect malicious or unauthorized activities in real time. Anomaly detection algorithms that exploit artificial neural networks (ANN) have recently gained particular interest. These algorithms are usually evaluated and compared through effectiveness measures, which aim to quantify how well anomalies are identified based on detection capabilities. However, to the best of our knowledge, the performance characterization from the perspective of computational cost and space, training time, memory consumption, together with a quantitative analysis of the trade-offs between algorithm effectiveness and performance, have not been explored yet. In this work, we select four recently proposed unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms based on ANN, namely: REPresentations for a random nEarest Neighbor (REPEN), DevNet, OmniAnomaly, Multi-Objective Generative Adversarial Active Learning (MO-GAAL); we perform a variety of experiments to evaluate the trade-offs between the effectiveness and performance of the selected algorithms using two reference dataset: NSL-KDD and CIC-IDS-2017. Our results confirm the importance of this study, showing that none of the selected algorithms dominate the others in terms of both, effectiveness and performance. Furthermore, it shows that approaches based on Recurrent Neural Networks, which exploit the temporal dependency of the samples, have a clear advantage over the others in terms of effectiveness, while exhibiting the worst execution time. |
18,238 | Please write an abstract with title: Data-driven and Model-driven Deep Learning Detection for RIS-aided Spatial Modulation, and key words: Deep learning, Wireless communication, 5G mobile communication, Modulation, Detectors, Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, Energy efficiency. Abstract: Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is regarded as a key technology for the next generation of wireless communications. Recently, the combination of RIS and spatial modulation (SM) or space shift keying (SSK) has attracted a lot of interest in the wireless communication area by achieving a trade-off between spectral and energy efficiency. In this paper, by generalizing RIS-aided SM/SSK system to a special case of conventional SM system, we investigated deep learning based detection in RIS-aided SM/SSK systems. Based on the idea of deep unfolding, we studied the model-driven deep learning detection for RIS-aided SM systems and compare the performance against the data-driven deep learning detectors. |
18,239 | Please write an abstract with title: An iterative relaxation technique for the NMR backbone assignment problem, and key words: Nuclear magnetic resonance, Spine, Joining processes, Protein sequence, Information science, Spectroscopy, Peptides, Sequences, Chemical elements, Amino acids. Abstract: NMR spectroscopy is one of the popular experiments to determine protein structures. An important stage of protein structure determination by using NMR is protein backbone resonance assignment (or backbone assignment for short). Due to the messiness and disorder of NMR spectral data, backbone assignment is usually a tedious and time-consuming manual work. This raises a great interest in developing an efficient and automatic method to perform backbone assignment. An iterative algorithm is proposed that is equipped with two operations: grouping and linking. Grouping is responsible for peak picking and part of connectivity determination. Ideally, those peaks with the same H/sup N/ and N chemical shifts can be grouped together; peaks belonging to the same group can be used to determine the order of two consecutive spin systems. However, in real situation, grouping is a difficult task due to false positives and false negatives. We sometimes add hypothetic peaks to tackle false negatives and use linking operation to remove false positives. Linking is responsible for part of connectivity determination and backbone assignment. Given a protein sequence and partial connectivity information, we try to link connected spin systems as much as possible. False positive spin systems may create conflicts in the linking stage. To find a good assignment on a noisy dataset, the backbone assignment problem is modeled as a maximum independent set problem. Although the problem is NP-complete, there are heuristic methods that obtain pretty good results. |
18,240 | Please write an abstract with title: Super Multi-Frequency Oscillations at Fundamental Harmonics With a Complex Cavity Gyrotron, and key words: Oscillators, Resonant frequency, Resonators, Magnetic fields, Gyrotrons, Electron beams, Tuning. Abstract: Two resonators with different radii were separately excited in a complex cavity to demonstrate super multi-frequency operations of a gyrotron. A demountable gyrotron was constructed and driven by 15-kV, 0.4-A annular electron beams. The magnetic field strength was varied from 4 to 8 T to excite a series of transverse electric modes in each resonator. In the frequency range of 120 - 220 GHz, 13- and 9-mode oscillations at the fundamental harmonics were identified in the first and second resonators, respectively. Furthermore, backward wave oscillations of these modes allowed continuous frequency variation. Even if two resonators oscillate at the same time with different frequencies, most of them can be independently excited by regulating the velocity pitch and/or injection radius of the electron beam. As a result, 27% of frequencies from 120 to 220 GHz became available with a single gyrotron. This is the largest frequency occupation reported so far in this frequency range. The frequency gaps between neighboring modes were less than 10 GHz. The maximum output power obtained for each mode was more than 28 W. |
18,241 | Please write an abstract with title: A 4-kB 500-MHz 4-T CMOS SRAM using low-V/sub THN/ bitline drivers and high-V/sub THP/ latches, and key words: Random access memory, MOSFETs, Prototypes, Latches, Coupling circuits, Driver circuits, Boosting, Threshold voltage, Detectors, Filters. Abstract: The design and physical implementation of a prototypical 500-MHz CMOS 4-T SRAM is presented in this work. The latch of the proposed SRAM cell is realized by a pair of cross coupled high-V/sub THP/ pMOS transistors, while the bitline drivers are realized by a pair of low-V/sub THN/ nMOS transistors. The wordline voltage compensation circuit and bitline boosting circuit, then, are neither needed to enhance the data retention of memory cells. Built-in self-refreshing paths make the data retention possible without the appearance of any external refreshing mechanism. The advantages of dual threshold voltage transistors can be used to reduce the access time, and maintain data retention at the same time. Besides, a new design of cascaded noise-immune address transition detector is also included to filter out the unwanted chip select glitches when the SRAM is asynchronously operated. |
18,242 | Please write an abstract with title: Millimeter-Wave 2-D Multibeam Array Antenna Using 9 × 16 Butler Matrix, and key words: Power dividers, Phased arrays, Butler matrices, Microwave technology, Microwave integrated circuits, Slot antennas, Millimeter wave technology. Abstract: This paper presents a novel millimeter-wave (mm-wave) 2-D multibeam array antenna with broadside beam, which is achieved by multilayered substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The proposed 2-D multibeam array antenna is fed by 9 × 16 beamforming network (BFN). Based on 2-D Butler matrix (BM) design concept, the BFN can provide eight tilted beams and a broadside beam for 4 × 4 antenna array. The 2-D multibeam array antenna consists of eight 2-D couplers, a 2-D crossover, four phase shifter groups, four 3 dB equal power dividers, a 6 dB equal power divider and a 4 × 4 slot antenna array. The proposed 2-D multibeam array antenna can achieve beam-scanning in two orthogonal directions, operating in the range of 27 to 29 GHz. |
18,243 | Please write an abstract with title: On the design of high-performance wide-band continuous-time sigma-delta converters using numerical optimization, and key words: Wideband, Design optimization, Quantization, Noise shaping, Sampling methods, Filters, Delay, Circuits, Computed tomography, Complexity theory. Abstract: Continuous-time (CT) sigma-delta (/spl Sigma//spl Delta/) modulators are growing increasingly popular in wide-band analog-digital conversion. High orders of quantization noise shaping, and multibit quantizers, are used to compensate for the low oversampling ratios in wide-band applications. These, however, add circuit complexities and excess loop delay that are detrimental to the /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ control loop. This paper presents an exact mathematical analysis technique, based on the CT-discrete time equivalence, that can take these effects into account. A design-by-optimization approach based on that analysis is used to compensate for these effects, avoid intractability issues and to gain flexibility in the design. It is also shown that it is advantageous not to fix the position of the quantization noise-shaping zeros in the signal band. |
18,244 | Please write an abstract with title: Compact electric-discharge excimer lasers, and key words: Electrodes, Laser modes, Laser excitation, Pump lasers, Capacitance, Voltage, Laser theory, Biological system modeling, Batteries, Sparks. Abstract: The electrodischarge XeCl-laser with a UV-preionization was developed. Preliminary experiments on the effect of UV-radiation of the XeCl-laser on the surface of different polymer coatings were carried out with the purpose of increase of their adhesion to substrates and endurance. The influence of UV-radiation of the XeCl-laser on the surface of different metals is investigated for magnification of their surface hardness, endurance and microhardness. |
18,245 | Please write an abstract with title: High-frequency electron beam generation by ferroelectric cathode with anomalous plasma resistance caused by ion-acoustic instability, and key words: Electron beams, Ferroelectric materials, Cathodes, Plasma density, Plasma waves, Plasma measurements, Plasma temperature, Plasma accelerators, Spectroscopy, Surface resistance. Abstract: Summary form only given. We report results of spectroscopic research of high-frequency oscillations in the plasma produced on the surface of a ferroelectric ceramic sample which serves as a cathode. These oscillations appear when the accelerating pulse is applied to the sample and they are accompanied by emission of a high-frequency modulated electron beam. The plasma electron density and temperature were determined by comparison of the experimental results with the results of collision-radiative modeling. During the high-frequency oscillations a stationary pattern of spatial variation of the plasma density was obtained. An anisotropic electric field of amplitude /spl sim/1 kV/cm was found in the plasma by polarization spectroscopy of hydrogen lines. The obtained data are explained by excitation of nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in the plasma. These waves are excited at the vicinity of the cathode output grid and propagate towards the cathode. These waves turn into standing waves at the location where the wave velocity becomes equal to the velocity of the plasma propagating outward the ceramic surface. The measured electric field is explained by anomalous plasma resistance which is developed by interaction between the current carrying electrons and the ion sound waves. The high-frequency modulated electron emission is explained by the fast plasma potential variations at the vicinity of the output cathode grid. These fast potential variations are in resonance with the self-frequency of the external circuit. |
18,246 | Please write an abstract with title: A Blended Learning Approach to American Literature in the Era of “New Liberal Arts” Based on Modern Information Technologies, and key words: Economics, Learning management systems, Information science, Art, Education, Libraries, Hybrid learning. Abstract: Modern information technologies, which are highly valued in the era of the new liberal arts in China and the practice of blended learning, can bring fascinating effects to China’s higher education of foreign languages. This paper sets out to discuss a pedagogical reform of American Literature in application-oriented universities. With an analysis of current situations in this course, it points out that we should answer the call of new liberal arts construction and implement blended learning based on the school running characteristics and objectives of local application- oriented universities. During the process of teaching practice, various modern information technologies, such as web-based Learning Management Systems and data association mining are employed to update teaching contents and resources, innovate teaching modes, perfect teaching evaluation, improve teaching efficiency and eventually help to cultivate compound talents to satisfy the needs of local economic development. |
18,247 | Please write an abstract with title: Features of electric discharge in gas of high density, and key words: Plasma temperature, Voltage, Electrodes, Energy exchange, Plasma density, Pistons, Hydrogen, Current density, Plasma measurements, Testing. Abstract: The two-stage facility for the exploration of powerful electric discharge in gas of the corpuscle concentration n of 10/sup 22/-10/sup 23/ cm/sup -3/ was created and tested. The adiabatic compression of gas is performing by the piston at the first stage of thus facility operation. The discharge of capacitive storage was triggered after the achieving maximum pressure in the chamber. The heated gas exhausts from the discharge chamber through the diaphragm unit. In performed experiments the following parameters were measured and estimated: voltage drop on arc, current, arc resistance, pressure in the chamber and corpuscles concentration. Experiment results permit to define the configuration of electrode system provided the stable arc burning at high pressure of gas. It was found that efficiency of energy transfer from arc to gas is close to 100% at such condition (gas pressure and concentration of corpuscles). |
18,248 | Please write an abstract with title: Breast cancer detection based on CPW antenna, and key words: Tumors, Coplanar waveguides, Breast cancer, Microwave antennas, Phantoms. Abstract: This work presents the design of CPW antenna for microwave tumor cell detection. The simulation results of the antenna performance in free space using CST-MWS are shown at 4.5 GHz. In order to study, the influence of the antenna movement on its electrical properties during breast cancer diagnosis, the CPW antenna is placed at a distance of 32 mm from the surface of the breast phantom with and without tumor cells by using different positions of the antenna to cover the entire breast surface and with various cross sections of the breast phantom. The tumor is represented by the sphere of diameter equal to 10 mm. In this paper, three interesting antenna parameters are analyzed, the return loss, the radiation pattern and the E-field inside the breast. This study shows good results to can detect the incidence of the tumor at 4 GHz. Comparing these results without and with tumor, it can be said that increasing the angle between the antenna and the breast phantom (from 0° to 60°), the return loss increases from -17 dB to -19.34 dB in 0°, from -15.37 dB to -19.28 dB in 30° and from -12.18 dB to -15.44 dB in 60°. The gain increases from 4.22 dB to 4.26 dB in 0°, from 1.13 dB to 1.2 dB in 30° and from 3.91 dB to 4.06 dB in 60°. In addition, to the increase of the e-field values inside the different cross sections of the breast phantom. |
18,249 | Please write an abstract with title: Whole-Body Control on Non-holonomic Mobile Manipulation for Grapevine Winter Pruning Automation, and key words: Couplings, Schedules, Automation, Mechatronics, Robot kinematics, Pipelines, Null space. Abstract: Mobile manipulators that combine manipulability and mobility, are increasingly being used for various unstructured application scenarios in the field, e.g. vineyards. Therefore, coordinated motion of the manipulator and mobile base is an essential feature of the overall performance. In this paper, we explore a whole-body coordinated motion controller of a robot which is composed of a 2-DoFs non-holonomic wheeled mobile base with a 7-DoFs manipulator (non-holonomic wheeled mobile manipulator, NWMM). This robotic platform is designed to efficiently undertake complex grapevine pruning automation. In this control framework, a task priority coordinated motion of the NWMM is guaranteed. Tasks with lower priority are projected into the null space of the top-priority tasks so that higher-priority tasks are completed without interruption from lower-priority tasks. The proposed controller was evaluated in a grapevine spur pruning experiment scenario. |
18,250 | Please write an abstract with title: Determination and evaluation of Web accessibility, and key words: Humans, Collaboration, Collaborative software, Application software, ISO standards, Collaborative work, Space technology, Physics computing, IEC standards, Software quality. Abstract: The Web is the most pervasive collaborative technology in widespread use today; however, access to the Web and its many applications cannot be taken for granted. Web accessibility encompasses a variety of concerns ranging from societal, political, and economic to individual, physical, and intellectual through to the purely technical. Thus, there are many perspectives from which Web accessibility can be understood and evaluated. In order to discuss these concerns and to gain a better understanding of Web accessibility, an accessibility framework is proposed, using as its base a layered evaluation framework from computer supported co-operative work research and the ISO standard ISO/IEC 9126 on software quality. The former is employed in recognition of the collaborative nature of the Web and its importance in facilitating communication. The latter is employed to refine and extend the technical issues and to highlight the need for considering accessibility from the viewpoint of the Web developer and maintainer as well as the Web user. A technically inaccessible Web is unlikely to be evolved over time. A final goal of the accessibility framework is to provide Web developers and maintainers with a practical basis for considering Web accessibility through the development of a set of accessibility factors associated with each identified layer. |
18,251 | Please write an abstract with title: Wireless link simulation tool, and key words: Wireless LAN, Protocols, Delay, Bandwidth, Computational modeling, Bluetooth, Testing, Communication system traffic control, Protection, GSM. Abstract: This paper presents a software based link simulation tool. It has been developed for protocol and network application design. The tool has been implemented in Microsoft Windows 2000 environment. The simulation tool provides configurable simulation architecture, where network consists of nodes connected to each other with links. Different parameters can be used to simulate link properties, including error probability, delays, protocol stack overhead, and error recovery. Real measurements of wireless local area networks (WLAN) and Bluetooth networks are used for tool verification. When configuring simulation parameters, the desired real-world situation can be modeled. |
18,252 | Please write an abstract with title: Saturation behaviour of PtSi-photodiodes under 157-nm laser irradiation, and key words: Photodiodes, Voltage, Schottky diodes, Linearity, Power measurement, Metrology, Synchrotron radiation, Radiation detectors, Frequency, Signal analysis. Abstract: In this paper, we performed measurements to investigate saturation mechanisms of Schottky-type PtSi-photodiodes (SUV 100) using for 157-nm radiation as emitted from a F/sub 2/laser. |
18,253 | Please write an abstract with title: From multi-sensor surveillance towards smart interactive spaces, and key words: Surveillance, Ambient intelligence, Intelligent sensors, Computer architecture, Sensor systems, Charge coupled devices, Charge-coupled image sensors, Computer networks, Pervasive computing, Local area networks. Abstract: This paper proposes a novel architecture for multisensor data fusion in the context of ambient intelligence (Ami). The proposed system integrates a heterogeneous network of sensors with CCD cameras and computational units working together in a LAN. Activities of humans interacting in the monitored area are detected and classified by combining sensors data output with a neural method. |
18,254 | Please write an abstract with title: Detection singularity value of character wave in epileptic EEG by wavelet, and key words: Epilepsy, Electroencephalography, Wavelet transforms, Humans, Pathology, Wavelet analysis, Signal analysis, Feature extraction, Particle measurements, Testing. Abstract: Human epilepsy is an intrinsic brain pathology, whose activity varies depending on the type of epilepsy and is characterized by repetitive high-amplitude activity. The wavelet transform provides an important tool in signal analysis and feature extraction. The modulus maximum pair of the wavelet transform method is used to detect the singularity value of the sharps and spikes embedded in the background activities of the epilepsy electroencephalograph (EEG) signal. The wavelet transforms of singularities with fast oscillations have a particular behavior that is studied separately; they are measured from the modulus maxima of the wavelet transform. The efficacy of the proposed method has been tested with clinical EEG. |
18,255 | Please write an abstract with title: The role of carrier transport on the current injection efficiency of InGaAsN quantum-well lasers, and key words: Quantum well lasers, Laser theory, Temperature dependence, Pulsed laser deposition, Gallium arsenide, Temperature sensors, Radiative recombination, Threshold current, Optical design, Laser modes. Abstract: A theoretical and experimental study demonstrates that the current injection efficiency of InGaAsN quantum-well (QW) lasers can be significantly affected by carrier transport in the separate confinement heterostructure (SCH) region. An offset QW design is utilized to show the impact of hole transport on the temperature dependence of the external differential quantum efficiency and above threshold injection efficiency. A reduction of the current injection efficiency is found for structures which have significant hole transport times in the SCH. |
18,256 | Please write an abstract with title: An Adaptive Accuracy Threshold Aggregation Strategy Based on Federated Learning, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Training, Adaptation models, Machine learning, Collaborative work, Data models, Internet of Things. Abstract: Fault diagnosis can be used to identify the type and severity of fault accurately and automatically. If the data is transmitted to the cloud, it will increase the risk of data security and computing. Therefore, the demand for artificial intelligence operations on edge network devices is increasing day by day. Because federated learning mechanism does not need to transmit information data, it is more suitable for edge network machine learning scenarios with limited data. Therefore, this paper proposes a bearing fault diagnosis method based on Federated learning. In the model aggregation, according to the accuracy threshold adaptive algorithm, high-quality local models are selected to participate in the aggregation, so as to reduce the number of communication. The experimental results show that when the communication times are reduced to 77.6%, the accuracy is only reduced by 2.8%. |
18,257 | Please write an abstract with title: Assessment on the Overflow Risk of the Large-Scale Oil-filled Electric Equipment under the Joint Action of Multiple Fire Extinguishing Systems, and key words: Electrical engineering, Liquids, Asia, Rats, Monitoring. Abstract: The assessment on the overflow risk of the large-scale oil-filled electric equipment under the joint action of multiple fire protection systems were explored experimental in the present study. Eight combine forms of the water spray system, the fire water monitor, the fire-extinguishing water tanker, the foam spray system, the low-expansion foam monitor and the fire-extinguishing foam tanker were investigated. The results show that the liquid height increased faster when the AFFF foam was adopted, and the ratio between the flow rates of the water and the AFFF foam concentrate was a key parameter to the overflow risk. According to the experimental results, all the eight conditions had no overflow risk. However, the following two conditions should be considered: the liquid height was just below the level of pebble bed when the flow rates of water and 3% AFFF foam concentrate were 2.11 and 0.043 L/s, respectively. When the ratio between the flow rats of water and AFFF foam concentrate reached to 32:1, the liquid height increased continually with time. |
18,258 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Stability Analysis of Single-Loop Voltage Control of Voltage Source Inverter, and key words: Voltage source inverters, Switching frequency, Stability criteria, Resonant frequency, Transfer functions, Steady-state, Sensors. Abstract: A Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) is the important component of an Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS), distribution generation systems, power amplifiers, grid emulators etc. A stable and a good quality AC voltage waveform is very much essential for these applications. The classical way of controlling the AC output voltage in a VSI is the double loop voltage control. This requires an inner current loop and an outer voltage loop. Two sensors are required for the operation. For low pulse ratios i.e. for 50 Hz outputs, the double loop voltage control provides only limited voltage regulation. To obtain a pure sinusoidal waveform and to exhibit a good dynamic response compared to double loop voltage control, a single loop Proportional (P) controller is presented for a single phase VSI circuit feeding resistive, inductive and non-linear types of load. This is derived from the PR controller. A single loop P regulator is presented for a single phase VSI circuit with an LC filter feeding a resistive, inductive and a Non-linear load. The desired output voltage is 230 V (rms), 50 Hz. The input DC voltage is taken as 400 V. The voltage THD is 0.039 % and steady state error is found to be 1.067%. For a switching frequency of 5 kHz and resonance frequency of 1.1 kHz, Transfer functions have been derived and bode plots have been obtained. The dynamic control aspect is studied with a sudden change in the load within 0.2 s duration. A comparison is made with SMC for understanding the effectiveness of the single loop voltage controller. |
18,259 | Please write an abstract with title: Whirl Mode Suppression for AMB-Rotor Systems in Control Moment Gyros Considering Significant Gyroscopic Effects, and key words: Rotors, Magnetic levitation, Control systems, Mathematical model, Stability criteria, Robust control. Abstract: For a magnetically suspended control moment gyroscope with strong gyroscopic effects, the whirl mode (nutation and precession) stability control of the active magnetic bearing (AMB) rotor system has always been a challenging problem. This article proposes a robust control method combined with regional pole assignment to achieve the stability control of the whirl mode in the AMB-rotor system. First, the physical model of multi-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing system is analyzed in detail, and the state-space model of the system is established. Then, the gyroscopic effects varying with the rotor speed are considered as a bounded parameter perturbation of the system, and the constraints on the controller to achieve the system stability are obtained. Furthermore, in order to increase the system stability margin and the whirl mode damping, the additional constraints on the controller are derived through the regional pole assignment method. Finally, all constraints are converted into the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and a controller satisfying all the constraints can be obtained by solving the LMIs. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed robust controller can achieve the stability control of nutation and precession as well as keeping a satisfactory system performance. |
18,260 | Please write an abstract with title: Using Configuration Semantic Features and Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Build Result in Cloud-Based Container Environment, and key words: Machine learning algorithms, Semantics, Standards organizations, Production, Organizations, Containers, Feature extraction. Abstract: Container technologies are being widely used in large scale production cloud environments, of which Docker has become the de-facto industry standard. In practice, Docker builds often break, and a large amount of efforts are put into troubleshooting broken builds. Prior studies have evaluated the rate at which builds in large organizations fail. However, there is still a lack of early warning methods for predicting the Docker build result before the build starts. This paper provides a first attempt to propose an automatic method named PDBR. It aims to use the configuration semantic features extracted by AST and the machine learning algorithms to predict build result in the cloud-based container environment. The evaluation experiments based on more than 36,000 collected Docker builds show that PDBR achieves 73.45%-91.92% in F1 and 29.72%-72.16% in AUC. We also demonstrate that different ML classifiers have significant and large effects on the PDBR AUC performance. |
18,261 | Please write an abstract with title: Re-Identification of Zebrafish using Metric Learning, and key words: Image color analysis, Measurement, Cameras, Task analysis, Two dimensional displays, Three-dimensional displays, Head. Abstract: Zebrafish are widely used for drug development and behavioral pattern studies. The currently employed zebrafish re-identification methods rely solely on top-view and grayscale images which require a significant amount of annotated data in order to perform well. In this paper, for the first time, we perform zebrafish re-identification using RGB images recorded from a side-view perspective, while keeping the amount of data annotation to a minimum. Inspired by the person re-identification field, two feature descriptors are tested, each encoding both color and texture information, and five metric and subspace learning methods. The contribution of the color and texture components of the feature descriptors were also investigated. We present and evaluate on a novel publicly available dataset of six zebrafish, recorded in a laboratory setup. The results show that a mean average precision of 99% can be achieved by using just 15 annotated samples per fish. This approach shows a clear potential for incorporating the side-view information in the field of zebrafish tracking, as well as a clear argument for utilizing the color information of the zebrafish. |
18,262 | Please write an abstract with title: Novel compact microstrip parallel-coupled bandpass filters with lumped-element J-inverter, and key words: Microstrip filters, Band pass filters, Coupling circuits, Resonator filters, Filtering theory, Capacitors, Passband, Frequency, Inductance, Equations. Abstract: Novel compact parallel-coupled bandpass filters are proposed, by using additional lumped-element capacitor as J-inverter between short-ended coupled-line sections to achieve an equivalent to the quarter-wavelength resonator filters. As a result, the filter order can be doubled without increasing the circuit area, and no repeated passband at twice the center frequency is observed. In addition, lower power loss is obtained compared to the previous works based on open-ended coupled-line sections. By introducing an inductive cross-coupling effect, two transmission zeros at upper and lower stopbands may also be created. The locations of the transmission zeros may be simply adjusted by varying the cross-coupling inductance. Simple equivalent-circuit models along with design equations are also established, from which the proposed parallel-coupled bandpass filters with lumped-element J-inverter may be designed and investigated. Specifically, several compact 2nd-order microstrip bandpass filters with good selectivity are implemented and carefully examined. |
18,263 | Please write an abstract with title: Quick triggering of magnetic reconnection mediated by lower hybrid drift instability, and key words: Magnetic reconnection, Electrons, Magnetosphere, Plasma displays, Distribution functions, Geoscience, Kinetic theory, Acceleration, Magnetic fields, Plasma simulation. Abstract: Carrying out a large scale 3D full kinetic simulation, we have shown that the effects of lower-hybrid waves at the edges of the current sheet provide a quick triggering of magnetic reconnection even in ion-scale current sheets. A thin embedded electron current layer is formed as a result of the non-linear evolution of the lower hybrid drift instability, which is sustained by accelerated meandering electrons around the neutral sheet, and the emergence of a thin electron current layer is subject to the quick reconnection triggering. However. there may be an upper-limit to the current sheet thickness for this type of quick triggering mediated by the lower-hybrid-drift instability alone because the lower-hybrid-drift wave activity becomes weaker in a thicker current sheet. To evaluate whether the quick triggering mechanism mediated by the lower-hybrid-drift instability is truly realistic, we performed a parametric study of magnetic reconnection with the lower hybrid drift instability. Consequently, we confirmed that the proposed scenario of the quick reconnection triggering is available with a real ion-electron mass ratio m/sub i//m/sub e/=1836. We also found that the upper-limit of the current sheet thickness depends sensitively on the strength of the guide magnetic field. |
18,264 | Please write an abstract with title: An On-line Data-driven Control Method for Nonlinear System on Deterministic Interval Hull Scheme, and key words: Trajectory tracking, Approximation error, Noise measurement, Nonlinear systems, Measurement uncertainty, State estimation. Abstract: This paper presents a data-driven control method for trajectory tracking of nonlinear system by operating input-output measurement data. The method directs the use of the measurement data where the state estimation set is approximated by its interval hull, which is ongoing by considering unknown but bounded perturbations and measurement noises. The deterministic interval hull is provided to select robust constraint of desired control stability by employing optimization tools of kernel function approximation, and predictable control behavior is guaranteed by making use of a batch of available data. To improve the tracking performance over time, a guaranteed accuracy bound is derived to quantify the tracking error bound between the optimal controller and the approximate controller under the on-line data-driven method by alternate using measurement step and correction step. This method is generally applied to set-membership state estimation techniques. In particular, the set can have different geometric forms. Besides, the main theoretical properties of the method are demonstrated experimentally on a sensor transmission power control for state estimation, and the result demonstrates the expected state estimation error covariance. |
18,265 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of Cylindrical Dielectric Resonators in Inhomogeneous Media, and key words: Nonhomogeneous media, Resonant frequency, Microstrip resonators, Dielectric substrates, Dielectric materials, Electromagnetic analysis, Equations, Microwave theory and techniques, Tellurium, Iterative methods. Abstract: An iterative analytical method is presented for computing resonant frequencies of dielectric cylindrical resonators in inhomogeneous media. Normalized design charts are presented including a wide range of practical geometrical and physical parameters. Numerical results, when compared to three independent sets of experimental data, show an accuracy of better than 1 percent. |
18,266 | Please write an abstract with title: Prelayout interconnect yield prediction, and key words: Wire, Bridges, Routing, Wiring, Probability, Contamination, Geometry, Production facilities, Failure analysis, Yield estimation. Abstract: Functional yield is a term used to describe the percentage of dies on a wafer that are not affected by catastrophic defects. Within the interconnect these defects are usually caused by particle contamination and are divided into bridging defects, which join adjacent wires and cuts, which result in broken wires. Functional yield is therefore determined by the geometry of the routing channels, how these channels are filled with wire and the distribution of defect sizes. Since the wire spacing and width are usually fixed and the distribution of defects within a mature production facility is well known, the problem reduces to estimating individual wire lengths for cuts and to estimating the overlapping distance that two wires share in neighboring sections of the routing grid for bridges. Previous work in this area has analyzed the problem by assuming that all wiring tracks are occupied with wire, leading to overestimates for the probability of failure due to both cuts and bridges. This paper utilizes statistical models of the placement/routing process to provide a more realistic approach for cut and bridge yield estimation. A comparison of the predicted probability of failure within each wiring layer with postlayout data indicate an average error of 20% for cuts and 26% for bridges. |
18,267 | Please write an abstract with title: Finite-Time Convergent Primal–Dual Gradient Dynamics With Applications to Distributed Optimization, and key words: Optimization, Convergence, Heuristic algorithms, Cost function, Control theory, Switches, Asymptotic stability. Abstract: This article studies the finite-time (FT) convergence of a fast primal–dual gradient dynamics (PDGD), called FT-PDGD, for solving constrained optimization with general constraints and cost functions. Based on the nonsmooth analysis and augmented Lagrangian function, sufficient conditions are established for FT-PDGD to enable the realization of primal–dual optimization in FT. A specific class of nonsmooth sign-preserving functions is defined and analyzed for ensuring FT stability. Particularly, the matrix of linear equations is not required to have a full-row rank and the cost function is not necessary to be strictly convex. By introducing auxiliary variables for general linear inequality constraints, reduced sufficient conditions are further derived for the optimization with linear equality and inequality constraints after transformation. In addition, by the nonsmooth analysis, the switching dynamics evolved in both primal and dual variables are carefully investigated and the upper bound on the convergence time is explicitly provided. Moreover, as applications of FT-PDGD, several FT convergent distributed algorithms are designed to solve distributed optimization with separated and coupled linear equations, respectively. Finally, two case studies are conducted to show the performance of the proposed algorithms. |
18,268 | Please write an abstract with title: Adhesive Resistance of Underconsolidated Sediments, and key words: Sediments, Oceans, Soil, Adhesives, Laboratories, Underwater vehicles, Floors, Materials testing, Oceanographic techniques, Steel. Abstract: The top few meters of the ocean floor is generally underconsolidated. Properties of such sediments have not yet been well researched. Adhesive resistance of these sediments has great application in all activities involving the sea floor. This paper describes laboratory pull-out tests on objects of different material embedded in artificially sedimented clay. |
18,269 | Please write an abstract with title: Post-LUT-Mapping Implementation of General Logic on Carry Chains Via a MIG-Based Circuit Representation, and key words: Benchmark testing, Logic functions, Table lookup, Delays, Optimization, Field programmable gate arrays, Arithmetic. Abstract: Carry chains on FPGAs have traditionally been only used for fast binary arithmetic operations. In this paper, we propose using the carry chain to implement general logic as a means of reducing the critical path delay and raising performance. To achieve this, we use a Majority-Inverter Graph (MIG) to represent the application during technology mapping, since carry functionality directly maps to the majority logic function. This aligns the subject graph of technology mapping with the capabilities of the carry chain. We first map an application to LUTs, then determine a chain of critical LUTs containing paths of majority “gates” that we deem beneficial for mapping onto the carry chain. We place such paths onto the carry chains, with the remaining logic in LUTs. In an experimental study using a suite of benchmarks, we observe that the proposed approach yields a post-place-and-route critical path delay that is superior to using delay-optimized mapping, yet without the significant area penalty. With carry-chain optimizations, area-delay product is improved by 9% vs. baseline LUT mappings. |
18,270 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Experimental Verification of an Intelligent Fire-fighting Robot, and key words: Image segmentation, Substations, Mechatronics, Fires, Software systems, Hardware, Real-time systems. Abstract: In the face of fires that occur in dangerous environments, intelligent fire-fighting robots can replace firefighters for fire-fighting work to effectively reduce casualties. In this paper, an intelligent fire-fighting robot is designed for the substation environment to perform autonomous navigation and autonomous fire extinguishing tasks. For the autonomous fire extinguishing task, a multi-modal detection algorithm is developed to identify the flame, and a simple water jet model is used to adjust the orientation of the water cannon. The paper introduces the design scheme of the robot from two aspects of hardware structure and software system, and verifies the fire extinguishing ability in actual experiments. |
18,271 | Please write an abstract with title: Intrinsically motivated option learning: a comparative study of recent methods, and key words: Reinforcement learning, Cognition, Telecommunications, Task analysis, Unsupervised learning, Lenses. Abstract: Options represent a framework for reasoning across multiple time scales in reinforcement learning (RL). With the recent active interest in the unsupervised learning paradigm in the RL research community, the option framework was adapted to utilize the concept of empowerment, which corresponds to the amount of influence the agent has on the environment and it’s ability to perceive this influence, and which can be optimized without any supervision provided by the environment’s reward structure. Many recent papers modify this concept in various ways achieving commendable results. Through these various modifications, however, the initial context of empowerment is often lost. In this work we offer a comparative study of such papers through the lens of the original empowerment principle. |
18,272 | Please write an abstract with title: Neural Group Testing to Accelerate Deep Learning, and key words: Deep learning, Neural networks, Life estimation, Task analysis, Testing, Information theory, Diseases. Abstract: Recent advances in deep learning have made the use of large, deep neural networks with tens of millions of parameters. The sheer size of these networks imposes a challenging computational burden during inference. Existing work focuses primarily on accelerating each forward pass of a neural network. Inspired by the group testing strategy for efficient disease testing, we propose neural group testing, which accelerates by testing a group of samples in one forward pass. Groups of samples that test negative are ruled out. If a group tests positive, samples in that group are then retested adaptively. A key challenge of neural group testing is to modify a deep neural network so that it could test multiple samples in one forward pass. We propose three designs to achieve this without introducing any new parameters and evaluate their performances. We applied neural group testing in an image moderation task to detect rare but inappropriate images. We found that neural group testing can group up to 16 images in one forward pass and reduce the overall computation cost by over 73% while improving detection performance. Our code is available at https://github.com/Weixin-Liang/NeuralGroupTesting/ |
18,273 | Please write an abstract with title: Self-consistent modeling of heating and MOSFET performance in 3-D integrated circuits, and key words: MOS digital integrated circuits, Integrated circuit modeling, Integrated circuit layout, MOSFETs, Heating, Monte Carlo methods. Abstract: We present a new method for finding the temperature profile of vertically stacked three-dimensional (3-D) digital integrated circuits (ICs). Using our model, we achieve spatial thermal resolution at the desired circuit level, which can be as small as a single MOSFET. To resolve heating of 3-D ICs, we solve nonisothermal device equations self-consistently with lumped heat flow equations for the entire 3-D IC. Our methodology accounts for operational variations due to technology nodes (hardware: device), chip floor plans (hardware: layout), operating speed (hardware: clock frequency), and running applications (software). To model hardware, we first decide on an appropriate device configuration. We then calculate elements of the lumped thermal network using the 3-D IC layout. To include software, chip floor plan, and duty cycle-related performance variations, we employ a statistical Monte Carlo type algorithm. In this paper, we investigate performance of vertically stacked 3-D ICs, with each layer modeled after a Pentium III. Our calculated results show that layers within the stacked 3-D ICs, especially the ones in the middle, may greatly suffer from thermal heating. |
18,274 | Please write an abstract with title: Importance Resampling Approach for Sensor Mutual Coupling Correction, and key words: Mutual coupling, Sensor arrays, Sensors, Estimation, Couplings, Direction-of-arrival estimation, Symmetric matrices. Abstract: To achieve accurate direction parameter estimation of sensor array, mutual coupling between sensor elements should be properly handled. This problem becomes more challenging when the sources are coherent. In this paper, we derive an importance resampling approach (IRA) for joint mutual coupling and DOA estimation. Aiming to DOA estimation of coherent sources using the spatial smoothing technique and MUSIC algorithm, error analysis is first provided for the estimate of the corresponding mutual coupling coefficient matrix in a uniform linear array setting. An optimization formulation based on MUSIC is then established for joint estimation of mutual coupling coefficients and DOAs. The proposed IRA framework, which solves this optimization problem, has the advantages of few parameters and low computational complexity. Four different importance resampling algorithms which are the position resampling algorithm, the number resampling algorithm, the number and position resampling algorithm and the zero forcing resampling algorithm are proposed for the implement of the IRA framework with different arrangement and combination according to the characteristic of the real coupling coefficients vector. The proposed approach is effective not only to the case of coherent sources, but also for independent sources, and it can work in both single- and multiple-snapshot scenarios. The excellent performance of our methods for mutual coupling correction and DOA estimation is demonstrated via extensive simulation results, which can also be applied to other sensor parameter estimation scenarios. |
18,275 | Please write an abstract with title: A Systematic Survey on recent Deep Learning trends in Intrusion Detection System, and key words: Deep learning, Manifolds, Systematics, Intrusion detection, Market research, Data processing, Complexity theory. Abstract: With the recent growth in the use of communication networks along with data processing systems, there has also been an increasing trend of growing complexity in the volume and variety of data flowing over the internet. Proportionally, the volume and complexity of malicious activities for gaining access to important data has also increased manifolds and thus has become a global headache. Recently, deep learning-based solutions have been found to be quite effective in dealing with intrusion detection and related areas. For the purpose of analyzing deep learning as a key solution to intrusion detection, this paper tries to investigate various deep learning-based approaches for detecting intrusions along with describing their main contributions and capabilities. The growing intensity of attacks, along with the capability of the attackers, existing methods may get bypassed and it is relevant that new techniques are developed. Therefore, in parallel to the ongoing research, a comprehensive analysis of various methods also becomes important. By presenting an expository study of numerous modern methods, this paper provides a strong foundation for the future research work in this domain. |
18,276 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance Investigation on Damping of Active Power Oscillation in the Large Hydro-Power Plant with Power System Stabilizer, and key words: Damping, Power system stability, Synchronous generators, Stability analysis, Mathematical model, Oscillators, Matlab. Abstract: In this paper, damping of active power oscillation in the large hydropower plant (HPP) with Power System Stabilizer (PSS) is investigated. The excitation control scheme is designed with static excitation system model (ST5B), over excitation limiter (OEL), under excitation limiter (UEL) and PSS. During transient disturbances, excitation system and PSS both act together to maintain stability at synchronous machine terminals by maintaining system voltage within the defined limits. The excitation controller gain values are designed using bode plot for the desired frequency range and its effectiveness is validated through MATLAB/Simulink environment for a 250 MW synchronous generator serving in Tehri hydropower plant. Simulation results demonstrate the damping of active power oscillation by the part load operation with and without PSS. |
18,277 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Tracking Control Algorithm Scheduling Strategy Based on Motion Trajectory Coupling State, and key words: coupling negative effects, tracking algorithm, scheduling strategy, coupling intensity, classifier. Abstract: The decreased accuracy in collaborative tracking control algorithms under longitudinal and lateral dynamic coupling conditions is a general problem. A scheduling strategy for motion trajectory tracking algorithms is proposed to solve the problem by applying decoupling tracking algorithm in coupling conditions. At first, the coupling causes and coupling negative effects of the vehicle are analyzed. Then, by studying the correlation between coupling conditions and vehicle dynamics responses, the quantitative method of vehicle coupling intensity is proposed. According to the impact of coupling intensity on tracking accuracy, the points that makeup motion trajectory are labeled. Based on the labeled dataset, an SVM model was trained as a coupling intensity classifier for motion trajectory. Finally, the coupling state is clarified by verifying each point's coupling intensity in a fixed-length motion trajectory, which is the threshold for tracking algorithm scheduling. |
18,278 | Please write an abstract with title: A precision predictive call admission control in packet switched multi-service wireless cellular networks, and key words: Call admission control, Packet switching, Land mobile radio cellular systems, Bit error rate, Communication system traffic control, Quality of service, Wireless networks, Probability, Computer networks, Computational modeling. Abstract: The increasing variety and complexity of traffic in today's mobile wireless networks means that there are more restrictions placed on a network in order to guarantee the individual requirements of the different traffic types and users. Call admission control (CAC) plays a vital role in achieving this. We propose a precision predictive CAC (PPCAC) scheme in which existing methods to determine the call occupancy distribution in each cell are modified in order to predict the number of calls of each individual service. Information about the channel usage of each service is then used to calculate the capacity of the cell to ensure that each service's bit error rate (BER) requirements are met. Priorities assigned to each service are used to allocate the network capacity. An expression for the handoff dropping probability is derived and the acceptance rate for each service is calculated in order to meet the guaranteed quality of service (QoS). Each call is then accepted with equal probability throughout the duration of a control period. The new call acceptance rate is adjusted to ensure that the dropping probability remains fixed. The complexity of this algorithm is offset by the fact that most of the computations can be completed offline and it only requires readily available network measurements. Simulations conducted in a CDMA environment with voice, short message service (SMS) and World Wide Web (WWW) sources show that the proposed CAC can successfully meet the hard restraint on the dropping probability and guarantee the required BER for multiple services. |
18,279 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Asymmetric-PM Hybrid-Magnetic-Circuit Variable Flux Memory Machine for Traction Applications, and key words: Magnetic flux, Magnetic circuits, Saturation magnetization, Topology, Magnetic hysteresis, Demagnetization, Magnetization. Abstract: In this paper, a novel asymmetric-permanent- magnet hybrid-magnetic-circuit variable flux memory machine (AH-VFMM) is proposed. The low coercive force (LCF) permanent magnets (PMs) are located on one biased side of the hybrid magnetic circuit branch, forming an AH configuration. Compared to its conventional symmetric-PM hybrid-magnetic-circuit (SH) counterpart, the proposed design benefits from the reduced usage of high coercive force (HCF) rare-earth magnet, alleviating the magnetic saturation to improve the flux regulation (FR) range, while the excellent load demagnetization withstand (LDW) capability can be still maintained. The topology evolution and operating principle of the proposed machine are introduced and described, respectively. Then, based on the combination of the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) method and Schwarz-Christoffel (SC) transformation, a hybrid analytical model is established to quantitatively reveal the mechanism of FR range extension, and facilitate the initial design of the machine. The electromagnetic characteristics of the proposed machine under different magnetization states (MSs) are investigated and compared with those of the conventional SH counterpart. Finally, an AH-VFMM prototype is manufactured, and the experimental measurements are carried out to verify the validity of the proposed design. |
18,280 | Please write an abstract with title: YOLOTrashCan: A Deep Learning Marine Debris Detection Network, and key words: Feature extraction, Deep learning, Object detection, Convolution, Plastics, Educational robots, Surface morphology. Abstract: Monitoring marine debris has long been a challenging issue owing to the complex and changeable underwater environment. To fast and accurately detect marine debris, in this article, a novel object detection network termed as YOLOTrashCan is proposed for detecting underwater marine debris. The YOLOTrashCan model consists of feature enhancement and feature fusion. In the feature enhancement part, the ECA_DO-Conv_CSPDarknet53 backbone, which combines efficient channel attention (ECA) module and depthwise over-parameterized convolutional (DO-Conv), is proposed to extract the depth semantic features of marine debris. In the feature fusion part, the DPMs_PixelShuffle_PANET module is presented to improve the detection ability for marine debris, where dilated parallel modules (DPMs) with multiscale dilated rate are designed as enhanced feature modules for different scale objects of marine debris. Notably, the size of the network is only 214 MB using the DPMs’ method. Extensive experiments and thorough analysis are validated on the TrashCan 1.0 dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only improves the detection accuracy of underwater marine debris but also reduces the size of the network model. |
18,281 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of the Unit Startup Process by Dragging Back-to-back for Pumped Storage Power Station, and key words: drag back to back, design, pumped storage power unit, startup process. Abstract: The range of equipment that needs to be operated in the startup process of the pumped storage unit in back-to-back mode is discussed in this article, and the analysis of the security lockout relationship and sequence between devices is also discussed in the article. The driven machine is the master, which can ensure the synchronization and safety of the startup process. Moreover, the interaction information between the two units in the back-to-back mode is reasonably set. |
18,282 | Please write an abstract with title: Software-Defined Networking driven Time-Sensitive Networking for Mixed-Criticality Control Applications, and key words: 6G mobile communication, 5G mobile communication, Network slicing, Mission critical systems, Smart grids, Reliability, Software defined networking. Abstract: Developments such as Industry 4.0, Smart Grids, or Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) depend on reliable high-performance communications to enable the underlying control algorithms. Nevertheless, in most cases it is not viable to provide network infrastructures exclusively for mission-critical control traffic or just the general use case. Hence, 5G as well as future 6G networks entail functionalities such as network slicing to enable the coexistence of mixed-criticality applications on unified networks. An approach capable of supporting slicing in the wireline domain is Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN). It addresses the mentioned challenges by enhancing the Ethernet standard with functionalities required for deterministically bounded low latencies and preemption of high priority data flows. To facilitate its integration with existing 5G and emerging architectures including 6G and open Radio Access Networks (O-RANs), Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged for orchestrating the novel feature set. In this paper, we thus combine TSN and SDN to design an integrated solution. We present experimental results on handling communication-demanding control algorithms and cross traffic simultaneously. Our findings underpin the potential of SDN-driven TSN for mixed-criticality control applications. |
18,283 | Please write an abstract with title: A 10-Bit Fully-Predictive ADC with Code-Recombination Algorithm in Transducing Sensor Node Signals, and key words: Capacitors, Heuristic algorithms, Switches, Prediction algorithms, Power demand, Binary codes, Simulation. Abstract: This paper presents a novel energy efficient code-recombination analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for low power applications. Dynamic tracking algorithm, search forward procedure (SFP) and search backward procedure (SBP) are introduced in this manuscript. Also, to generate the test voltage sequence fed in comparator, a binary code factor (BCF) is presented. And a lookup table (LUT) for digitizing the output code is employed. To verify the algorithm, a 10-bit ADC is designed in 0.13μm CMOS process with a 0.6 V supply. Given a 41.5 Hz sinusoid signal, the proposed ADC exhibits 9.75 effective number of bit (ENOB) and 80.9dB spur-free dynamic range (SFDR) at 10k Hz sample rate. Given full-scale sinusoid signals whose frequency are under 160Hz, the ADC achieves 39-77.4nW power consumption with 2.19-10.8 bitcycles in average, respectively. Also, simulation result shows the DNL and INL is bounded at 0.117 and 0.245LSBs. |
18,284 | Please write an abstract with title: A Survey of the Four Pillars for Small Object Detection: Multiscale Representation, Contextual Information, Super-Resolution, and Region Proposal, and key words: Object detection, Feature extraction, Detectors, Image resolution, Machine learning, Roads, Task analysis. Abstract: Although great progress has been made in generic object detection by advanced deep learning techniques, detecting small objects from images is still a difficult and challenging problem in the field of computer vision due to the limited size, less appearance, and geometry cues, and the lack of large-scale datasets of small targets. Improving the performance of small object detection has a wider significance in many real-world applications, such as self-driving cars, unmanned aerial vehicles, and robotics. In this article, the first-ever survey of recent studies in deep learning-based small object detection is presented. Our review begins with a brief introduction of the four pillars for small object detection, including <i>multiscale representation, contextual information, super-resolution, and region-proposal</i>. Then, the collection of state-of-the-art datasets for small object detection is listed. The performance of different methods on these datasets is reported later. Moreover, the state-of-the-art small object detection networks are investigated along with a special focus on the differences and modifications to improve the detection performance comparing to generic object detection architectures. Finally, several promising directions and tasks for future work in small object detection are provided. Researchers can track up-to-date studies on this webpage available at: <uri>https://github.com/tjtum-chenlab/SmallObjectDetectionList</uri>. |
18,285 | Please write an abstract with title: Time Series Forecasting using Facebook Prophet for Cloud Resource Management, and key words: Cloud computing, Data centers, Social networking (online), Conferences, Time series analysis, Predictive models, Virtual machining. Abstract: The heterogeneous nature of workloads running in cloud environments makes future resource usage prediction a complicated problem. Virtual machines can be described in five types of resource utilization patterns: steady, trending, seasonal, cyclic, and bursty behavior. Understanding these usage patterns and behaviors can enhance resource management on cloud data centers, especially VM scheduling, power management, and server health management systems. This paper applies the Facebook Prophet forecast framework on Microsoft Azure VM workload to predict future resource utilization required by the running tasks. We conclude that utilizing data preprocessing and transformation on real virtual machine traces, and incorporating an automatic model hyperparameter tuning process, can significantly increase forecasting accuracy with an average percentage change of over 85%. Furthermore, cloud providers can learn from their data center workloads and employ various forecasting models to gain substantial improvements in cost-efficient resource management. |
18,286 | Please write an abstract with title: Image quality enhancement algorithm based on game theory model, and key words: Image quality, Analytical models, Robustness, Image restoration, Game theory, Unsupervised learning, Image fusion. Abstract: Image quality enhancement algorithm based on game theory model is designed in this research. The core idea of the algorithm is to enumerate the sequence of sub-pictures obtained from different free parameters, and then perform image fusion according to the image details, saturation, and brightness, and then fuse a higher quality enhanced image. At present, with the development of image processing technology, feature extraction and matching algorithm will be an important research direction in the field of intelligent data. This research work integrates the game theory model to construct the efficient image analytics model. The experiment results are compared with the latest methods to evaluate the proposed framework from the robustness and accuracy perspective. |
18,287 | Please write an abstract with title: Autonomous Raman Amplifiers in Software-Defined Optical Transport Networks, and key words: Stimulated emission, Optical pumping, Optimization, Optical fiber networks, Wavelength division multiplexing, Computer architecture, Software. Abstract: Within a context of software-defined optical transport networks (SD-OTN), this work addresses specifically the management of Raman amplification, aiming to introduce and experimentally validate a system able to autonomously control this feature in-situ. In particular, given the required amplification constraints, an ad-hoc software module has been developed in order to optimize Raman pump power levels. Then, relying on this software, the architecture of an embedded controller to install on board the Raman card has been defined to handle Raman pumps. The use of a conceived probing procedure allows to self-adapt each Raman amplifier to the installed fiber, allowing it to autonomously operate at the working point required by the control plane. Relying on the system telemetry, the proposed architecture controls the Raman pumps in order to achieve the required amplification constraints in terms of average gain and tilt. The entire proposal is validated through a set of experimental measurements that proofs both the achievement of the required gain target and the importance of the probing phase procedure in making the Raman amplifier autonomous and self-adaptable. |
18,288 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of Apnea Detector for Health Care System, and key words: Temperature sensors, Temperature measurement, Semiconductor device measurement, Nose, Lung, Muscles, Sleep apnea. Abstract: Sleep apnea (SA) as Obstructive rest apnea (OSA) is becoming the most widely recognized respiratory confusion amid rest, which is portrayed by ends of wind current to the lungs. These discontinuances in breathing must last over 10 seconds to be viewed as an apnea occasion. Apnea occasions may happen 5 to multiple times an hour and may occur up to four hundred times each night in those with extreme SA. During sleep apnea the muscles of the upper respiratory airway collapse. And is known as cessation of breathing. An exceptionally easy-to-understand gadget which could be utilized both by a medicinal staff in an emergency clinic or by the client at home since it doesn't require any talented preparing. This work has developed an ultra-negligible exertion microcontroller-based breath checking system. It has a test which involves a straightforward temperature sensor and that must be put at the tip of the nasal area. The test can be cut with the nostril. The breath rate is appeared on a 16x2 LCD screen. If the breath rate is past customary, a flag gets actuated. The structure will make an alert if the breath rate isn't predictable or if there is an unforeseen unpredictable change. The readings obtained from simulation and real-time will provide a base to the doctors for studying the patient and understanding the type of apnea by understanding the difference in temperature and breath rate obtained by the device. The simulation acts as a correction reference for the real time device. The portability and low-cost make the device easy to use and flexible amongst all genre of patients. By attaching GSM module to the device, the patient's conditions can be monitored from anywhere in the home or in the hospital. Doctors receive the message based on the program given to the chip and choose to respond to message accordingly. The device provides an appropriate measure of the breath rate of the patient to whom it is attached to and acts as a monitoring device for the doctors and provides them feasibility and flexibility in understanding the condition and responding accordingly to the message received in accordance with sensors attached and the way the patient's breathing pattern change. |
18,289 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation of Pneumonia Detection using Convolutional Neural Networks, and key words: COVID-19, Pulmonary diseases, Conferences, Transfer learning, Computer architecture, Fatigue, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: With the advance of Covid-19 pneumonia and its complications increased the load of radiologists several times. The pneumonia detection usually is performed by examination of chest X-Ray radiograph by the radiologists. This process is tedious, influenced by fatigue and may lead to mistakes. Computer-aided diagnostic systems shows the potential for improving accuracy. In this work, we present investigation for pneumonia detection based on several convolutional neural network architectures via transfer learning. Additionally, we propose a method for preparing data from the Radiological Society of North America Pneumonia Detection Challenge to achieve better results. |
18,290 | Please write an abstract with title: The use of carbon fiber composites in sliding contacts, and key words: Wire, Wounds, Chemical elements, Ink, Contacts, Optical fiber testing, Optical fiber sensors, Potentiometers, Carbon, Environmental economics. Abstract: Historically, the sliding contact within a potentiometer position sensor has been made from metal and was compatible with the metal wire wound elements originally in use. As the technology developed, the wire wound element was replaced with a carbon based resistive ink track. This change provided major technical and economic advantages but introduced incompatibility between the contact and track. Initially, when life requirements were in the range of one million or less cycles and the currents through the contact were higher, this incompatibility was tolerated. As life requirements increased to the present levels, in hundreds of millions of cycles; and currents reduced to the dry circuit range, it became more difficult to penetrate various barriers and transmit a clean noise free signal. The interface between the two dissimilar materials has produced a delicate balance upon which the wear and increases in contact resistance have an adverse effect on the performance of the unit. A natural progression was to find a contact material more compatible with the carbon based resistive ink tracks. Previous work has indicated the feasibility of the use of carbon fiber as a replacement for the metal in the contact, but has not provided the structure that will satisfy the mechanical, electrical, and environmental requirements of the product. Further development has produced a carbon fiber composite material to satisfy these requirements. This paper presents the test program used for the evaluation of this new material, showing the results, conclusions, and design considerations in the utilization of this product. |
18,291 | Please write an abstract with title: A Prediction Method of Peak Time Popularity Based on Twitter Hashtags, and key words: Twitter, Tagging, Deep learning, Prediction methods, Feature extraction, Diseases. Abstract: Understanding the peak time of popularity evolution can provide insights on recommendation systems and online advertising campaigns. Although popularity evolution has been largely studied, the problem of how to predict its peak time remains unexplored. Taking Twitter hashtags as case study, the goal of this study is to predict when popularity reaches the peak for Twitter hashtags, from the perspective of an online social network application, in the context of the Twitter social network. On the whole, this paper includes three research aspects. Firstly, this paper investigates how early popularity reaches its peaks. Then, it is found that popularity tends to peak in the early stage of its evolution. Secondly, this paper discusses when a peak time prediction should be triggered. Thirdly, this paper designs a multi-modal based deep learning method, where the state-of-art deep learning techniques, such as multi-modal embedding and attention mechanisms, are adopted. We find that in the early stage of popularity evolution, no matter which factor is used as the input, the prediction effect is poor. By contrast, the hashtag string factor has the weakest contribution to popularity prediction in the middle and late stages of popularity evolution. The overall performance of our proposed method is evaluated in terms of the minimum, quartiles, and maximum values of absolute errors. From the experimental results, the prediction method we designed is superior. |
18,292 | Please write an abstract with title: A soft double regularization approach to parametric blind image deconvolution, and key words: Deconvolution, Image restoration, Degradation, Autoregressive processes, Cost function, AWGN, Kernel, Maximum likelihood estimation, Parametric statistics, Image processing. Abstract: This paper proposes a blind image deconvolution scheme based on soft integration of parametric blur structures. Conventional blind image deconvolution methods encounter a difficult dilemma of either imposing stringent and inflexible preconditions on the problem formulation or experiencing poor restoration results due to lack of information. This paper attempts to address this issue by assessing the relevance of parametric blur information, and incorporating the knowledge into the parametric double regularization (PDR) scheme. The PDR method assumes that the actual blur satisfies up to a certain degree of parametric structure, as there are many well-known parametric blurs in practical applications. Further, it can be tailored flexibly to include other blur types if some prior parametric knowledge of the blur is available. A manifold soft parametric modeling technique is proposed to generate the blur manifolds, and estimate the fuzzy blur structure. The PDR scheme involves the development of the meaningful cost function, the estimation of blur support and structure, and the optimization of the cost function. Experimental results show that it is effective in restoring degraded images under different environments. |
18,293 | Please write an abstract with title: CI‐DR™ Key Capability Vulnerability Management Teams, and key words: Organizations, Standards organizations, Security, Risk management, Asset management, Stakeholders, Software. Abstract: Vulnerability management (VM) has multiple components that when working in concert becomes an instrument for connecting a cyber intelligence‐driven risk (CI‐DR) program. A VM program is intrinsically connected to both the primary and secondary objectives of a CI‐DR program. This chapter focuses on vulnerability management, patch management and vulnerability management that are intrinsically tied, and they are also mutually exclusive. To build an effective VM program in support of a CI‐DR, organizations need to focus on four key components. The four components within a VM program are vulnerability identification, vulnerability analysis, vulnerability management, and the vulnerability management team. With the knowledge and guidance of the aforementioned vulnerability frameworks, VM program teams have the groundwork to prioritize identified vulnerabilities. The prioritization of vulnerabilities is a process of determining the relevance, compensating controls, categorization, and responsibility. |
18,294 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of a Hybrid Asynchronous Radial Electrical Machine, and key words: Rotors, Stator windings, Magnetic flux, Permanent magnets, Flywheels, Windings, Torque. Abstract: The aim of the study is to modify an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system consisting of a radial asynchronous electric motor/generator connected to a kinetic energy accumulator (a flywheel) in such a way that the stator windings of the electrical machine are kept excited when the flywheel is in a condition in which it rotates freely and the electric machine consumes the energy accumulated in it. This modification is realized in the rotor package of the asynchronous electric machine with the insertion of prismatic permanent neodymium magnets with perpendicular magnetization of the surface, located at 180 degrees in two rows in the rotor package. This helps with the reduction of the switching time between motor and generator mode in the event of a power outage. |
18,295 | Please write an abstract with title: Supervised Learning Based Sparse Channel Estimation For RIS Aided Communications, and key words: Supervised learning, Signal processing algorithms, Channel estimation, Artificial neural networks, Signal processing, Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, Prediction algorithms. Abstract: An reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can be used to establish line-of-sight (LoS) communication when the direct path is compromised, which is a common occurrence in a millimeter wave (mmWave) network. In this paper, we focus on the uplink channel estimation of a such network. We formu-late this as a sparse signal recovery problem, by discretizing the angle of arrivals (AoAs) at the base station (BS). On-grid and off-grid AoAs are considered separately. In the on-grid case, we propose an algorithm to estimate the direct and RIS channels. Neural networks trained based on supervised learning is used to estimate the residual angles in the off-grid case, and the AoAs in both cases. Numerical results show the performance gains of the proposed algorithms in both cases. |
18,296 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of the use of Information System for Accumulating Sex-Disaggregated Data with Analytics of the Barangay Constituents using the Technology Acceptance Model, and key words: Productivity, Analytical models, Technology acceptance model, Local government, Organizations, Recording, Usability. Abstract: The study examines how a barangay constituent's sex-disaggregated data is collected via an information system, using the user acceptance model and analytics. The IS was created to assist barangay secretaries in monitoring the volume of households and residents in barangay localities, which helps to reduce the time spent manually recording and monitoring when utilizing the system. The utilization and acceptance of this technology were evaluated by the intended users (N=100). This paper appeals to a varied range of user-related literature that includes a technology acceptance model to illustrate the impact of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use combined with the external variables of social cognitive theory. The results of a study conducted among experts and users demonstrate the wide acceptance of information systems using external elements like self-efficacy and self-anxiety, which are essential for forecasting and interpreting the research implications made clear. |
18,297 | Please write an abstract with title: Generalized APP detection of continuous phase modulation over unknown ISI channels, and key words: Phase detection, Continuous phase modulation, Intersymbol interference, Additive white noise, Gaussian noise, AWGN, Sampling methods, Concatenated codes, Maximum likelihood estimation, Iterative algorithms. Abstract: Techniques for computing soft information in the presence of unknown intersymbol interference are presented, with a particular focus on iterative detection of serially concatenated continuous phase modulation. The techniques are centered around the recursive least-squares algorithm, thus enabling unsupervised detection. In particular, we employ bidirectional estimation. |
18,298 | Please write an abstract with title: First Year Engineering Design: Course Design, Projects, Challenges, and Outcomes, and key words: Ethics, Design automation, Education, Accreditation, Rivers, Teamwork, Stakeholders. Abstract: This paper outlines the essential components of developing an introductory course in Engineering Design for the first year, fi rst semester students at Thompson Rivers University (TRU). The course design accounts for the teaching context, stakeholder interests, and Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) criteria. The proposed course design scaffolds engineering design projects of three different levels. Through the described course, students become familiar with the engineering design process including translation of the design idea into virtual and physical prototypes. The course design is built around the concepts of engineering sustainability, ethics, and professionalism helping students understand the linkage between engineering design and social and human factors. The course is lecture and laboratory based with a focus on experiential hands-on learning where the Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) are achieved by means of PowerPoint slides, presentations, lecture and laboratory notes, class discussions and activities, teamwork, lecture and lab video recordings, hand sketching, and virtual prototyping via Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software (Solidworks). Student performance was evaluated through quizzes, reports, homework assignments, laboratory assignments, projects, midterms and final exams. To ensure effective communication between students, anonymous team member peer review and evaluation were incorporated. Continual improvement of the course design was achieved by modifying the course structure based on student feedback. |
18,299 | Please write an abstract with title: The Impact of Cross-Border Transmission Constraints on Resource Adequacy Assessment, and key words: Limiting, Computational modeling, Europe, Tools, Power system reliability, Security, Reliability. Abstract: Most European adequacy assessments consider transmission constraints through fixed caps on power exchanges per border. This method fails to portray the flexibility introduced by modern market design, leading to incorrect final results. This paper investigates different cross-border capacity representations and proposes a way to model transmission constraints using the flow-based approach while accounting for the market’s adequacy relevant rules. Using the latest update of the IEEE Reliability Test System, a case study shows that the representation of the cross-border transmission constraints plays a primary role in resource adequacy, and representing them through detailed models is needed. |
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