title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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Environmentally friendly slow release formulations of alachlor based on clay-phosphatidylcholine. | A new clay-liposome complex was developed for reducing leaching of herbicides and contamination of groundwater. The liposomes were composed of the neutral and Environmental Protection Agency approved phospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC). Adsorption of PC liposomes on the clay mineral montmorillonite could exceed the c... | 18,754,508 |
Event related potentials in hypothyroidism. | Central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction is an important consequence of thyroid hormone deficiency Several studies using objective behavioral measures reported that cognition is impaired in patients with hypothyroidism. The aim of the present study is to evaluate objectively the functional changes in the nervous system... | 18,754,529 |
Evaluation of pupil mobility in patients with myasthenia gravis. | The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Myasthenia Gravis (MG) on the Central Nervous System (CNS) and/or the smooth muscles of the iris through pupillometry. Sixteen recently diagnosed Myasthenic and sixteen non-Myasthenic subjects of matching age and gender underwent a pupillometric study of the effects... | 18,754,530 |
[Modern treatment concepts of anaphylactic reactions]. | Anaphylactic reactions are induced by the liberation of different inflammatory mediators. The symptoms are determined by the type, quantity and relation of these mediators and by the individual predisposition. In general, these symptoms can be detected on the skin, the lungs, the cardiovascular system, and the gastroin... | 18,754,569 |
Multicomponent, one-pot sequential synthesis of 1,3,5- and 1,3,5,5-substituted barbiturates. | Carbodiimides and malonic acid monoethylesters readily react to afford N-acylurea derivatives that could be cyclized in situ by addition of a suitable base. This process represents a general and straightforward one-pot sequential synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted barbiturates in very mild conditions (organic solvent/2 ... | 18,754,580 |
Activation of H2 by phosphinoboranes R2PB(C6F5)2. | Phosphinoboranes that combine bulky electron-rich phosphides and electron deficient B(C6F5)2 fragments produce monomeric phosphinoboranes that undergo facile addition of H2 to give the phosphine-borane adducts (R2PH)(HBR'2). This finding in combination with DFT calculations shed light on the uptake of H2 across a group... | 18,754,584 |
Tailored magnetic nanoparticles for direct and sensitive detection of biomolecules in biological samples. | We developed nanoparticles with tailored magnetic properties for direct and sensitive detection of biomolecules in biological samples in a single step. Thermally blocked nanoparticles obtained by thermal hydrolysis, functionalized with specific ligands, are mixed with sample solutions, and the variation of the magnetic... | 18,754,596 |
Reduction of an eta2-iminoacyl ligand to eta2-iminium enabled by adjacent carbon monoxide ligand replacement with a variable electron donor alkyne ligand in a cationic Tungsten(II) bis(acetylacetonate) complex. | Cationic iminoacyl-carbonyl tungsten complexes of the type [W(CO) (eta (2)-MeNCR)(acac) 2] (+) (acac = acetylacetonate; R = Ph ( 1a), Me ( 1b)) easily undergo thermal substitution of CO with two-electron donors to yield [W(L)(eta (2)-MeNCR)(acac) 2] (+) (L = tert-butylisonitrile [R = Ph ( 2a), Me ( 2b)], 2,6-dimethylph... | 18,754,617 |
Electrodissolution of inorganic ions/DNA multilayer film for tunable DNA release. | A layer-by-layer film composed of DNA and inorganic zirconium ion (Zr(4+)) was fabricated on the surface of gold thin film, and an electric field triggered disintegration of the multilayer film was studied by using electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (EC-SPR). EC-SPR results demonstrated that the film was disasse... | 18,754,640 |
Coordination-tuned single-molecule-magnet behavior of TbIII-CuII dinuclear systems. | Tb (III)-Cu (II)-based single-molecule magnet (SMM) and non-SMM were synthesized to investigate the relationship between magnetic anisotropy and the symmetry of the ligand field by the reaction of [TbCu( o-vanilate) 2(NO 3) 3] with methoxypropylamine (MeOC 3H 6NH 2, 1) or ethoxyethylamine (EtOC 2H 4NH 2, 2). In both co... | 18,754,656 |
pH-induced conformational change of the influenza M2 protein C-terminal domain. | The M2 protein from influenza A is a pH-activated proton channel that plays an essential role in the viral life cycle and serves as a drug target. Using spin labeling EPR spectroscopy, we studied a 38-residue M2 peptide spanning the transmembrane region and its C-terminal extension. We obtained residue-specific environ... | 18,754,675 |
Effects of heavy metals on riverine benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages with reference to potential food availability for drift-feeding fishes. | We examined the influence of heavy metal pollution from an abandoned mine on benthic macroinvertebrates, at population and community levels, and the potential amount of food available for drift-feeding fish in northern Japanese streams. We studied multiple polluted and unpolluted sites with similar longitudinal positio... | 18,754,701 |
Novel oncolytic agent GLV-1h68 is effective against malignant pleural mesothelioma. | Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a fatal disease with a median survival of less than 14 months. For the first time, a genetically engineered vaccinia virus is shown to produce efficient infection, replication, and oncolytic effect against MPM. GLV-1h68 is a replication-competent engineered vaccinia virus carryin... | 18,754,710 |
Delivery of insulin to the buccal mucosa utilizing the RapidMist system. | The burgeoning number of people with diabetes mellitus is a global problem. Simple but effective treatment with minimal side effects will be required to reduce the risk for macro- and micro-vascular complications. A big part of this goal can be achieved by the ready administration of insulin with or without other medic... | 18,754,753 |
The influence of carbon sources on recombinant-human- growth-hormone production by Pichia pastoris is dependent on phenotype: a comparison of Muts and Mut+ strains. | The influence of carbon sources on rhGH (recombinant human growth hormone) production by two Pichia pastoris strains having different methanol utilization phenotypes (P. pastoris-hGH-Mut(+) and P. pastoris-hGH-Mut(s)) was investigated using batch bioreactors. The effect of methanol concentration (C(MeOH)) in defined an... | 18,754,757 |
Angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphisms and risk of spontaneous deep intracranial hemorrhage in Taiwan. | This study examines whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of spontaneous deep intracerebral hemorrhage (SDICH) in Taiwan using a case-control study. Totally, 217 SDICH patients and 283 controls were recruited. Associations of ACE A-240T and ACE I/D polymorphisms wit... | 18,754,764 |
Altered frontostriatal coupling in pre-manifest Huntington's disease: effects of increasing cognitive load. | Functional neuroimaging studies have suggested a dysfunction of prefrontal regions in clinically pre-symptomatic individuals with the Huntington's disease (HD) gene mutation (pre-HD) during cognitive processing. The objective of this study was to test the impact of cognitive demand on prefrontal connectivity in pre-HD ... | 18,754,766 |
ATP stimulates MDM2-mediated inhibition of the DNA-binding function of E2F1. | Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein exhibits many diverse biochemical functions on the tumour suppressor protein p53, including transcriptional suppression and E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. However, more recent data have shown that MDM2 can exhibit ATP-dependent molecular chaperone activity and directly mediate foldi... | 18,754,770 |
MicroRNAs--micro in size but macro in function. | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNAs that can regulate target mRNAs by binding to their 3'-UTRs. A single miRNA can regulate many mRNA targets, and several miRNAs can regulate a single mRNA. These have been reported to be involved in a variety of functions, including developmental transitions, neuronal patterni... | 18,754,771 |
Submembraneous microtubule cytoskeleton: interaction of TRPP2 with the cell cytoskeleton. | TRPP2, also called polycystin-2, the gene product of PKD2, is a membrane protein defective in 10-15% of cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Mutations in PKD2 are also associated with extrarenal disorders, such as hepatic cystogenesis and cardiovascular abnormalities. TRPP2 is a Ca-permeable nonselect... | 18,754,774 |
Submembraneous microtubule cytoskeleton: regulation of microtubule assembly by heterotrimeric Gproteins. | Heterotrimeric Gproteins participate in signal transduction by transferring signals from cell surface receptors to intracellular effector molecules. Gproteins also interact with microtubules and participate in microtubule-dependent centrosome/chromosome movement during cell division, as well as neuronal differentiation... | 18,754,776 |
Mycoplasma penetrans under nutritional stress: influence on lipid and lipoprotein profiles and on the binding to and invasion of HeLa cells. | By serial passages through media containing decreasing concentrations of horse serum, the sterol-requiring Mycoplasma penetrans strain HF-2 was adapted to grow in a serum-free medium supplemented with bovine serum albumin, cholesterol and free fatty acids. Chemical analysis of membrane preparations obtained from the na... | 18,754,786 |
Mutation in a gene encoding anti-sigma factor in A. brasilense confers tolerance to elevated temperature, antibacterial peptide and PEG-200 via carotenoid synthesis. | Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 has been shown to overproduce carotenoids if the anti-sigma factor (anti-sigma(E))-encoding gene is inactivated. The anti-sigma mutant (Car-1) of A. brasilense Sp7 was more tolerant to the stresses generated by elevated temperature (40 degrees C), PEG-200 (30 mg mL(-1)) and the antibacterial... | 18,754,787 |
Impact of oleic acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid) on bacterial viability and biofilm production in Staphylococcus aureus. | Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for a broad variety of chronic infections. Most S. aureus clinical isolates show the capacity to adhere to abiotic surfaces and to develop biofilms. Because S. aureus growing in a biofilm is highly refractory to treatment, inhibition of biofilm formation represents a major therapeut... | 18,754,790 |
Identification and characterization of a Jem1p ortholog of Candida albicans: dissection of Jem1p functions in karyogamy and protein quality control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Jem1p of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a J-domain containing co-chaperone (J protein) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. Jem1p is required for nuclear fusion during mating (karyogamy) and functions together with another J protein, Scj1p, in protein folding and quality control in the ER as a partner for the ER... | 18,754,794 |
The effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on vitamin D levels and insulin sensitivity is dose related in vitamin D-deficient HIV-1-infected patients. | The aim of this study was to explore the effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on vitamin D levels, bone mineral density (BMD), body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in vitamin D-deficient HIV-1-infected patients. Twenty vitamin D-deficient HIV-1-infected patients were prospectively treated with 2000 IU ch... | 18,754,805 |
TRP-ML1 functions as a lysosomal NAADP-sensitive Ca2+ release channel in coronary arterial myocytes. | Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a potent intracellular Ca(2+) signalling second messenger, but the mechanism of NAADP-induced Ca(2+) release is still poorly understood. The present study tested the hypothesis that NAADP induces Ca(2+) release from the lysosomal store via a TRP-ML1 (transient re... | 18,754,814 |
Psychometric testing of the SF-36 Taiwan version on older stroke patients. | To assess the psychometric properties of the SF-36 Taiwan version on a sample of older stroke patients in Taiwan. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) has proven to be a valid and reliable instrument in evaluating outcomes among stroke patients in western countries; however, less is known regarding its valu... | 18,754,817 |
Long-term non-invasive positive airway pressure ventilation in infants. | To evaluate the clinical application of long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in infants with life-threatening ventilatory failure with regard to: diagnosis, age at initiation, indication for and duration of treatment, clinical outcome and mortality and adverse effects. The medical records of 18 infants treated in a... | 18,754,825 |
Post-marketing assessment of the safety of strontium ranelate; a novel case-only approach to the early detection of adverse drug reactions. | Post licensing, the evaluation of drug safety relies heavily on the collation of sporadic, spontaneous reports on adverse effects. The aim was to assess the potential utility of a more systematic approach to the detection of adverse events that utilizes routinely collected clinical data from a large primary care popula... | 18,754,840 |
Pharmacokinetic interaction of flecainide and paroxetine in relation to the CYP2D6*10 allele in healthy Korean subjects. | The objectives were to evaluate the effect of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of flecainide, and also on the extent of drug interaction with paroxetine as a CYP2D6 inhibitor after a single oral administration in healthy subjects. An open-label, two-period, single-sequence, cross-over study was perfo... | 18,754,843 |
Red ginseng for treating erectile dysfunction: a systematic review. | Korean red ginseng (unskinned Panax ginseng before it is steamed or otherwise heated and subsequently dried) is one of the most widely used herbal remedies. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence for the effectiveness of red ginseng for treating erectile dysfunction. Systematic searches were conducted on... | 18,754,850 |
Expression and mutation analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. | The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-RAS-RAF-mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade is an important pathway in cancer development and recent reports show that EGFR and its downstream signaling molecules are mutated in a number of cancers. We have analyzed 91 Japanese head and neck squamous cell carci... | 18,754,871 |
Inhibition of bone and muscle metastases of lung cancer cells by a decrease in the number of monocytes/macrophages. | Attention has recently focused on the critical role of inflammatory responses in the tumor stroma that provide favorable conditions for cancer-cell growth and invasion/metastasis. In particular, macrophages recruited into the tumor stroma and activated, known as tumor-associated macrophages, are suggested to promote tu... | 18,754,872 |
Up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in the dorsal root ganglion of rats with paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. | Paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy is a major dose-limiting factor. Recently, it has been reported that macrophages accumulated in the dorsal root ganglion of paclitaxel-treated rats, and their activation is suggested to contribute to generation and development of the neuropathy. However, the mechanism fo... | 18,754,875 |
Compound muscle action potentials in newborn infants with spina bifida. | The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and neurological impairment in newborn infants with spina bifida. Thirty-one newborn infants (17 males, 14 females, mean gestational age 39 wks [SD 2]; mean birthweight 3336 g [SD 496]) with spina bifida were inv... | 18,754,922 |
Hydatid cyst of the right ventricle in early pregnancy. | Although hydatic cyst disease rarely involves myocardium and endocardium, cardiac echinococcosis, a potentially life-threatening condition, should be managed promptly. We report a case of right ventricle hydatid cyst detected after syncopal attack in a pregnant woman by using echocardiography. | 18,754,937 |
Success of a lactation education program on NICU nurses' knowledge and attitudes. | To test an educational intervention designed to improve lactation knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of NICU nurses and to improve their intentions to provide mothers with lactation support. Quasi-experimental, time-series pretest/posttest. NICU of a Midwestern, free-standing, tertiary-care children's hospital. Convenie... | 18,754,981 |
Perineal trauma and postpartum perineal morbidity in Asian and non-Asian primiparous women giving birth in Australia. | To describe the postpartum perineal morbidity of primiparous women who had a vaginal birth and compare outcomes between Asian and non-Asian women in the first 2 days following the birth and at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum. Data from a randomized clinical trial of a perineal management technique (perineal warm packs) were ... | 18,754,983 |
Elective caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preventing mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus--a systematic review. | Caesarean section before labor or before ruptured membranes ("elective caesarean section", or ECS) has been introduced as an intervention for preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Currently, no evidence that ECS versus vaginal delivery reduces the rate of MTCT of HBV has been genera... | 18,755,018 |
Bayesian models and meta analysis for multiple tissue gene expression data following corticosteroid administration. | This paper addresses key biological problems and statistical issues in the analysis of large gene expression data sets that describe systemic temporal response cascades to therapeutic doses in multiple tissues such as liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney from the same animals. Affymetrix time course gene expression data ... | 18,755,028 |
FERN - a Java framework for stochastic simulation and evaluation of reaction networks. | Stochastic simulation can be used to illustrate the development of biological systems over time and the stochastic nature of these processes. Currently available programs for stochastic simulation, however, are limited in that they either a) do not provide the most efficient simulation algorithms and are difficult to e... | 18,755,046 |
Effects of ascorbic acid, phytic acid and tannic acid on iron bioavailability from reconstituted ferritin measured by an in vitro digestion-Caco-2 cell model. | The effects of ascorbic acid (AA), phytate and tannic acid (TA) on Fe bioavailability from Fe supplied as reconstituted ferritin were compared with FeSO4 using an in vitro digestion-Caco-2 cell model. Horse spleen apoferritin was chemically reconstituted into an animal-type ferritin (HSF) and a plant-type ferritin (P-H... | 18,755,051 |
Mutation spectra induced by 1-nitropyrene 4,5-oxide and 1-nitropyrene 9,10-oxide in the supF gene of human XP-A fibroblasts. | 1-Nitropyrene 4,5-oxide and 1-nitropyrene 9,10-oxide are oxidative metabolites that are responsible for the mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene. In this study, the mutation spectra induced by oxidative metabolites in human cells were determined using a shuttle vector assay. The mutation frequencies induced by 1-nitropyrene 9... | 18,755,077 |
[Assessment criteria for public policies on obesity: the view of Spanish stakeholders]. | To explore the criteria used to assess public policy initiatives on obesity in Spain by the main stakeholders. Multicriteria mapping was performed within the framework of the European PorGrow Project "Policy options for responding to obesity" through a structured interview with 21 stakeholders, who were leaders in the ... | 18,755,081 |
[Detection of a hepatitis A outbreak in Ceuta (Spain) through a microbiological surveillance system]. | The Public Health Department of Ceuta informed the Spanish National Epidemiology Center of an increase in hepatitis A cases detected by the microbiological surveillance system. We conducted a study to confirm the outbreak and to initiate control measures. A descriptive study and a case-control study were performed. A s... | 18,755,092 |
[Vitamin D deficiency in women of reproductive age]. | To determine the level of hypovitaminosis D in adult healthy women attended in primary care and their associated factors. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. A neighbourhood of Barcelona, Spain, with a socially deprived population with a high percentage of immigrants, and urban factors which meant that they lived with ... | 18,755,099 |
[Three-dimensional echocardiography: preliminary experience in congenital cardiac disease]. | Anatomical comprehension of congenital cardiac diseases by 2D echocardiography is occasionally very difficult. 3D echocardiography provides a more spatial anatomical information avoiding the need of two-dimensional reconstruction. Of the 271 cases studied 80 were foetal and 191 patients. In all cases, 2D and 3D echocar... | 18,755,119 |
RXR agonists inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in H9c2 rat ventricular cells. | Retinoid X receptor (RXR) plays a central role in the regulation of intracellular receptor signaling pathways. We examined its role in regulating oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in H9c2 rat ventricular cells. We showed for the first time that functional RXR protein was downregulated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in H9... | 18,755,147 |
Regulation of hormone-sensitive lipase expression by saturated fatty acids and hormones in bovine mammary epithelial cells. | Hormone-sensitive lipase was firstly identified as an epinephrine-induced lipase in adipocyte. HSL mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in cloned bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) and bovine lactating mammary gland. Saturated fatty acids (stearate and palmitate), but not unsaturated fatty acids (oleate and linoleate) induc... | 18,755,148 |
Superoxide modifies AMPA receptors and voltage-gated K+ channels of mouse hippocampal neurons. | Lucifer Yellow CH (LY), a fluorescent membrane-impermeable cell-marker dye, has been routinely loaded into cells through recording electrodes to visualize these cells after electrophysiological investigation. Recently we showed that LY produced superoxide when LY was exposed to light at ordinary intensities for microsc... | 18,755,163 |
Appetite regulatory mechanisms and food intake in mice are sensitive to mismatch in diets between pregnancy and postnatal periods. | Human and animal studies suggest that obesity in adulthood may have its origins partly during prenatal development. One of the underlying causes of obesity is the perturbation of hypothalamic mechanisms controlling appetite. We determined mRNA levels of genes that regulate appetite, namely neuropeptide Y (NPY), pro-opi... | 18,755,169 |
Sample preparation for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using functionalized ferromagnetic micro-particles. | To study the applicability of functionalized ferromagnetic micro-particles in the sample preparation for quantification of small molecules by LC-MS/MS. A representative analyte (itraconazole) was extracted from plasma samples using small quantities of C18-modified ferromagnetic micro-particles. 125 microg of functional... | 18,755,176 |
Proteasome inhibition compromises direct retention of cytochrome P450 2C2 in the endoplasmic reticulum. | To determine whether protein degradation plays a role in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of cytochromes P450, the effects of proteasomal inhibitors on the expression and distribution of green fluorescent protein chimeras of CYP2C2 and related proteins was examined. In transfected cells, expression levels of ch... | 18,755,184 |
Reciprocal regulation of 12- and 15-lipoxygenases by UV-irradiation in human keratinocytes. | The 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) pathways of arachidonate metabolism have been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Since UV photo-therapy is a commonly used technique for inhibiting cell proliferation and inflammation in skin diseases, we hypothesized that UV-irradiation may affect 12/15-LOX expression which... | 18,755,188 |
Increased expression, but not postsynaptic localisation, of ionotropic glutamate receptors during the late-phase of long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus in vivo. | Long-term potentiation (LTP) is extensively studied as a cellular mechanism of information storage in the brain. The induction and early expression mechanisms of LTP depend on activation and rapid modulation of ionotropic glutamate receptors. However, the mechanisms that underlie maintenance of LTP over the course of d... | 18,755,203 |
Maternal and developmental toxicity study of sodium azide in rats. | Sodium azide (NaN(3)) is being proposed for use as an active ingredient to control a broad spectrum of soil borne pathogens including insects, weeds, nematodes, fungi, and bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the maternal and developmental toxicity of NaN(3) in rats. Sperm-positive Sprague-Dawley rats w... | 18,755,233 |
Immunomodulatory effect of DDT (bis[4-chlorophenyl]-1,1,1-trichloroethane) on complement system and macrophages. | DDT (bis[4-chlorophenyl]-1,1,1-trichloroethane) is responsible for many immuno-dysregulatory functions in exposed animals, but data particularly on complement system and macrophages are limited. In this study we have shown that DDT activates the complement system through the alternative pathway in the absence of any pa... | 18,755,234 |
Cytotoxicity effects induced by Zearalenone metabolites, alpha Zearalenol and beta Zearalenol, on cultured Vero cells. | Zearalenone (Zen) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several species of Fusarium. It has been implicated in several mycotoxicosis in farm animals and in humans. The major metabolites of this mycotoxin in various species are alpha and beta Zearalenol. In vivo, Zen is mainly reduced to these alcoholic me... | 18,755,238 |
Beneficial effect of autologous transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells and endothelial progenitor cells on cerebral ischemia in rabbits. | We tested the therapeutic effect of autologous transplanted bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on cerebral ischemia in rabbits. Rabbit permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were intravenously injected with ex vivo expanded autologous BMSCs (n = 8), EPCs (n = 8),... | 18,755,241 |
The role of muscarinic receptor subtypes in acetylcholine release from urinary bladder obtained from muscarinic receptor knockout mouse. | We investigated the subtype of prejunctional muscarinic receptors associated with inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) released from the mouse bladder. We measured endogenous ACh release in the bladder obtained from the wild-type mice and muscarinic 1-5 (M1-M5) receptor knockout (KO) mice. Electrical field stimulation inc... | 18,755,247 |
Cytosine arabinoside treatment impairs the remote spatial memory function and induces dendritic retraction in the anterior cingulate cortex of rats. | Clinical studies on cancer patients have revealed that chemotherapy is associated with long-term cognitive impairment. In the present study, we used a rat model to evaluate the effects of the anticancer drug cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) on spatial learning, memory, and the dendritic morphology of neurons in the anterio... | 18,755,251 |
Optimization of ibuprofen gel formulations using experimental design technique for enhanced transdermal penetration. | The aims of this study were to develop a transdermal gel formulation for ibuprofen using experimental design techniques and to evaluate its pharmacokinetic properties. The three factors chosen for factorial design were the concentrations of drug, polyoxyethylene(5)cetyl/oleyl ether and ethanol and the levels of each fa... | 18,755,258 |
Assessing TF regulatory relationships of divergently transcribed genes. | Ambiguously located transcription factor (TF) binding sites may introduce a large number of potentially erroneous regulatory associations into models of transcriptional regulatory networks. We have used a two-step expression similarity strategy to distinguish between likely and unlikely regulatory associations for TFs ... | 18,755,263 |
Activation of the maternal immune system alters cerebellar development in the offspring. | A common pathological finding in autism is a localized deficit in Purkinje cells (PCs). Cerebellar abnormalities have also been reported in schizophrenia. Using a mouse model that exploits a known risk factor for these disorders, maternal infection, we asked if the offspring of pregnant mice given a mid-gestation respi... | 18,755,264 |
mRNA expression changes of slit proteins following peripheral nerve injury in the rat model. | Slit family of proteins is one of the repulsive axonal guidance cues, and it also plays an important role in neuronal migration and branching through the interaction with roundabout receptors. The function and role of Slit family proteins during peripheral nerve regeneration are still unknown. We examined the expressio... | 18,755,265 |
Electron crystallography of proteins in membranes. | Electron crystallography has played a vital role in advancing our understanding of proteins in membranes since the 'fluid mosaic model' was proposed in 1972. It is now an established technique to reveal the structures of proteins in their natural bilayer environment and makes possible the study of biological mechanisms... | 18,755,273 |
High concentrations of phenylalanine stimulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: implications for the pathophysiology of phenylketonuria. | If left untreated, the common inherited metabolic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU) presents with mental retardation and reduced brain weight. The underlying molecular reasons for these deficits are unknown so far. Using human neuroblastoma cells as a model for normal human neuroblasts, elevated phenylalanine concentratio... | 18,755,275 |
Layer specific tracing of corticocortical and thalamocortical connectivity in the rodent using manganese enhanced MRI. | Information about layer specific connections in the brain comes mainly from classical neuronal tracers that rely on histology. Manganese Enhanced MRI (MEMRI) has mapped connectivity along a number of brain pathways in several animal models. It is not clear at what level of specificity neuronal connectivity measured usi... | 18,755,280 |
Genetic polymorphism of Algerian Leishmania infantum strains revealed by multilocus microsatellite analysis. | The present study applies multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) for studying the polymorphism among 55 strains of Leishmania infantum from Algeria. These strains from different Algerian foci representing different zymodemes, hosts and clinical forms were analysed using 14 microsatellite markers. All 55 strains had in... | 18,755,285 |
Use of single cell gel electrophoresis assays for the detection of DNA-protective effects of dietary factors in humans: recent results and trends. | This article summarises the results of human dietary intervention trials employing the comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis, SCGE), which have been published in the last few years (i.e., between 2005 and 2008) and describes new trends and developments as well as current problems concerning the design of interve... | 18,755,290 |
Expression of genes involved in sumoylation in the Drosophila germline. | Post-translational modification of proteins by the covalent addition of small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins has been reported to regulate a wide range of cellular processes. However, the spatiotemporal expression pattern of genes encoding the sumoylation machinery during development is largely unknown. Her... | 18,755,298 |
Nutritional issues in long-term care. | Because long-term care residents often have chronic illnesses and complex care regimens, nutritional issues are common in these populations. Furthermore, management is complicated because some residents are terminally ill and under palliative care treatment plans that allow for dehydration and low oral intake. As a res... | 18,755,420 |
Audience response systems: technology to engage learners. | An audience response system (ARS) provides a means of infusing interaction into a traditional didactic lecture format, enhancing student attention and learning. It can be used in a variety of ways, with both large and small audiences, to evaluate participants' knowledge, attitudes, and opinions or to verify student att... | 18,755,440 |
South African farm workers' interpretation of risk assessment data expressed as pictograms on pesticide labels. | Pesticide companies and regulators in developing countries use the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) recommended pictograms on pesticide labels to communicate risk information based on toxicological and environmental risk assessment data. The pesticide label not only is often the only access peopl... | 18,755,451 |
Measurement of nicotine in household dust. | An analytical method of measuring nicotine in house dust was optimized and associations among three secondhand smoking exposure markers were evaluated, i.e., nicotine concentrations of both house dust and indoor air, and the self-reported number of cigarettes smoked daily in a household. We obtained seven house dust sa... | 18,755,452 |
Behavioral therapy for urinary incontinence in India. | To ascertain the prevalence of urinary incontinence in a sample of women from northern India, and the impact of behavioral therapy to treat its occurrence and severity. A randomized controlled trial conducted from 2005-2006 to test the null hypothesis that behavioral therapy would not have an effect on urinary incontin... | 18,755,458 |
Neuromuscular neutral zones response to cyclic lumbar flexion. | The in vivo lumbar spine of the anaesthetized feline was subjected to passive cyclic anterior flexion-extension at 0.25 Hz and 40 N peak load for cumulative 60 min duration. Displacement (or displacement neuromuscular neutral zones-DNNZ) and tension (or tension neuromuscular neutral zones-TNNZ) at which reflexive EMG a... | 18,755,463 |
Interferon gamma is not required for recurrent herpetic stromal keratitis. | The role that interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) plays during herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) has not been definitively determined. In primary HSK most reports suggest that IFNgamma may help control viral replication and contribute to corneal pathology. However, its role in recurrent HSK has not been directly addressed. The ... | 18,755,490 |
Animal models of anxiety: do I need multiple tests? | The combination of cutting-edge molecular technology and high-throughput phenotyping tools will not bring the expected contribution to the pre-clinical study of anxiety if not paralleled by an increase in our capacity to interpret behavioral data. Here, previous views about the multidimensional nature of emotional beha... | 18,755,516 |
The use of scoring rubrics to determine clinical performance in the operating suite. | This research evolved out of the need to examine the validity and inter-rater reliability of a set of performance-based scoring rubrics designed to measure competencies within the operating suite. Both holistic and analytical rubrics were developed aligned to the ACORN Standard [Australian College of Operating Room Nur... | 18,755,529 |
Acaricidal activity of limonene, limonene oxide and beta-amino alcohol derivatives on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. | Limonene, limonene oxide and eight beta-amino alcohol derivatives obtained by synthesis were investigated for the effect on egg hatchability and mortality rates of newly hatched larvae of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. At the doses between 10 microg/ml and 2.5 microg/ml all the compounds were high... | 18,755,549 |
Bolstering confidence in obesity prevention and treatment counseling for resident and community pediatricians. | To assess whether equipping resident pediatricians and community pediatricians with both training and practical tools improves their perceived confidence, ease, and frequency of obesity-related counseling to patients. In 2005-2006, resident pediatricians (n = 49) and community pediatricians (n = 18) received training r... | 18,755,567 |
Design and synthesis of fluorescent SGLT2 inhibitors. | The design and synthesis of the first fluorophore-conjugated SGLT2 inhibitors is described. The mode of linking the fluorophore to the SGLT2 pharmacophore was found to be crucial in achieving optimum potency. Superior potency to phlorizin was provided by examples containing TAMRA, BODIPY, Cy3B and NBD fluorophores. | 18,755,586 |
Discovery of thieno[2,3-c]pyridines as potent COT inhibitors. | Evaluation of hit chemotypes from high throughput screening identified a novel series of 2,4-disubstituted thieno[2,3-c]pyridines as COT kinase inhibitors. Structural modifications exploring SAR at the 2- and 4-positions resulting in inhibitors with improved enzyme potency and cellular activity are disclosed. | 18,755,587 |
Structure-guided design of substituted aza-benzimidazoles as potent hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha prolyl hydroxylase-2 inhibitors. | We report the structure-based design and synthesis of a novel series of aza-benzimidazoles as PHD2 inhibitors. These efforts resulted in compound 22, which displayed highly potent inhibition of PHD2 function in vitro. | 18,755,588 |
[Interests of applied anthropology to oncology]. | From now on the introduction of social and human sciences studies in the field of oncology has not always been conclusive. This article aims to analyze the bounds that border the meeting and the understanding between physicians, patients and anthropologists. It also treats the problems due to the introduction of applie... | 18,755,645 |
Methane emissions by alpine plant communities in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. | For the first time to our knowledge, we report here methane emissions by plant communities in alpine ecosystems in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This has been achieved through long-term field observations from June 2003 to July 2006 using a closed chamber technique. Strong methane emission at the rate of 26.2+/-1.2 and 7.... | 18,755,657 |
Moving with the beat: heart rate and visceral temperature of free-swimming and feeding bluefin tuna. | Owing to the inherent difficulties of studying bluefin tuna, nothing is known of the cardiovascular function of free-swimming fish. Here, we surgically implanted newly designed data loggers into the visceral cavity of juvenile southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) to measure changes in the heart rate (fH) and viscer... | 18,755,679 |
Iron-mediated aggregation and a localized structural change characterize ferritin from a mutant light chain polypeptide that causes neurodegeneration. | Nucleotide insertions in the ferritin light chain (FTL) polypeptide gene cause hereditary ferritinopathy, a neurodegenerative disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of ferritin and iron in the central nervous system. Here we describe for the first time the protein structure and iron storage function of the FTL ... | 18,755,684 |
Promoting the formation of an active synthetase/tRNA complex by a nonspecific tRNA-binding domain. | Previous studies showed that valyl-tRNA synthetase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains an N-terminal polypeptide extension of 97 residues, which is absent from its bacterial relatives, but is conserved in its mammalian homologues. We showed herein that this appended domain and its human counterpart are both nonspecifi... | 18,755,686 |
Vibrio cholerae O1 from Accra, Ghana carrying a class 2 integron and the SXT element. | Vibrio cholerae O1 from a 2006 outbreak in Accra were commonly resistant to multiple antimicrobials and, in particular, to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, drugs commonly used in the treatment of cholera. We sought to determine the genetic basis for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance in outbreak isolates. Twenty-se... | 18,755,696 |
Tissues from routine pathology archives are suitable for microRNA analyses by quantitative PCR. | MicroRNAs have recently taken centre stage as short non-coding RNAs that regulate mRNA expression. To assess the feasibility of using microRNA techniques on routinely processed tissues, the accessibility of two representative microRNAs was examined by real-time quantitative PCR in 86 human formalin-fixed paraffin-embed... | 18,755,714 |
Failure of first-line eradication treatment significantly increases prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates. | Helicobacter pylori infection is a major health problem worldwide, and effective eradication of the infection is mandatory. The efficacy of recommended eradication regimens is approximately 70%. To avoid treatment failure and the consequent development of secondary resistance(s), it is important to choose the most appr... | 18,755,715 |
Abatement by naringin of lomefloxacin-induced genomic instability in mice. | Lomefloxacin is a difluorinated quinolone antibacterial drug. It is widely used against infectious diseases including meningitis, those of the genitourinary and upper respiratory tracts, and skin infections. Lomefloxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, is mutagenic and the formation of reactive oxygen species appears to ... | 18,755,759 |
Exposure to antipsychotics and risk of stroke: self controlled case series study. | To investigate the association between use of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs and incidence of stroke in patients with and without dementia. Self controlled case series. UK based electronic primary care records in the general practice research database (GPRD). All patients registered in the database with a rec... | 18,755,769 |
In vivo birthdating by BAPTISM reveals that trigeminal sensory neuron diversity depends on early neurogenesis. | Among sensory systems, the somatic sense is exceptional in its ability to detect a wide range of chemical, mechanical and thermal stimuli. How this sensory diversity is established during development remains largely elusive. We devised a method (BAPTISM) that uses the photoconvertible fluorescent protein Kaede to simul... | 18,755,773 |
Genes associated with membrane-initiated signaling of estrogen and energy homeostasis. | During the reproductive cycle, fluctuations in circulating estrogens affect multiple homeostatic systems controlled by hypothalamic neurons. Two of these neuronal populations are arcuate proopiomelanocortin and neuropeptide Y neurons, which control energy homeostasis and feeding. Estradiol modulates these neurons eithe... | 18,755,790 |
Modulation of Runx2 activity by estrogen receptor-alpha: implications for osteoporosis and breast cancer. | The transcription factors Runx2 and estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) are involved in numerous normal and disease processes, including postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer. Using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and pull-down techniques, we found them to colocalize and form complexes in a ligand-dependen... | 18,755,791 |
Transcriptome response of enterocytes to dietary lipids: impact on cell architecture, signaling, and metabolism genes. | Intestine contributes to lipid homeostasis through the absorption of dietary lipids, which reach the apical pole of enterocytes as micelles. The present study aimed to identify the specific impact of these dietary lipid-containing micelles on gene expression in enterocytes. We analyzed, by microarray, the modulation of... | 18,755,805 |
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