title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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Chiral ligand-exchange chromatography of amino acids using porous graphitic carbon coated with a dinaphthyl derivative of neamine. | In this paper, we describe the preparation and the evaluation of a porous graphitic carbon (PGC) column coated with a new dinaphthyl derivative of neamine for chiral ligand-exchange (LE) chromatography. It was shown that the graphitic surface/dinaphthyl anchor system efficiently (1.15 micromol/m(2)) and stably (three m... | 18,998,115 |
Energetics and dynamics of global integrals modeling interaction between stiff filaments. | The attractive and spacing interaction between pairs of filaments via cross-linkers, e.g. myosin oligomers connecting actin filaments, is modeled by global integral kernels for negative binding energies between two intersecting stiff and long rods in a (projected) two-dimensional situation, for simplicity. Whereas maxi... | 18,998,136 |
[Complications after refractive lens exchange]. | This overview discusses specific complications after refractive lens exchange (RLE). The complication spectrum is similar to that following cataract surgery, with some differences: RLE is implemented in very short or very long eyes, and the average patient age is significantly lower. Regarding specific situations, this... | 18,998,144 |
Frequent deletion of ING2 locus at 4q35.1 associates with advanced tumor stage in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. | Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the ING family members has been shown in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) except for ING2. Like all the other members of ING family, ING2, which is located at chromosome 4q35.1, is a promising tumor suppressor gene (TSG). In this study, we performed LOH analysis of ING2 in H... | 18,998,165 |
Effects of grass and browse consumption on the winter mass dynamics of elk. | Much of the research into herbivore ecology and evolution has focused on patterns and mechanisms of niche partitioning in the diets of specialized grazers and browsers, but the significance of the balance of grazing and browsing within intermediate feeders present unique questions that have received less attention. We ... | 18,998,170 |
Physicians' attitudes towards copy and pasting in electronic note writing. | The ability to copy and paste text within computerized physician documentation facilitates electronic note writing, but may affect the quality of physician notes and patient care. Little is known about physicians' collective experience with the copy and paste function (CPF). To determine physicians' CPF use, perception... | 18,998,191 |
A novel hirudin derivative characterized with anti-platelet aggregations and thrombin inhibition. | Hirudin is an anti-coagulative product of the salivary glands of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis. It is a powerful and specific thrombin inhibitor. Peptides containing the RGD motif competitively inhibit the binding of fibrinogen to GP IIb/IIIa on the platelets, thus inhibiting platelet aggregation. We have cons... | 18,998,199 |
Role of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in mammary gland development. | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play an important role in mammary gland development and their effects are, in turn, influenced by a family of 6 IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). The IGFBPs are expressed in time- and tissue-specific fashion during the periods of rapid growth and involution of the mammary gland. The prec... | 18,998,203 |
[First favourable results of the group education programme Go4it for overweight and obese adolescents]. | To evaluate the effect of Go4it, a multidisciplinary group education programme for adolescents with overweight or obesity. Uncontrolled intervention study. At the obesity outpatient clinic of the Transmural Research and Treatment Centre for Overweight and Obese Children of the VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, T... | 18,998,271 |
Perforated sigmoid diverticulum mimicking acute appendicitis in a young patient: a case report. | Acute colonic diverticula are uncommon in patients <40 years of age, with an incidence between 2% and 10%. In such patients, the condition may be misdiagnosed in the acute setting, because it is often not considered and may be mistaken for acute appendicitis, particularly if there are predominantly right-sided signs... | 18,998,285 |
[A possible case of superior mesenteric artery syndrome of congenital origin]. | We describe a case of a 10 yr old boy, who suffered from gastroesophageal reflux in the neonatal period and from recurrent abdominal pain, epigastric distension and vomiting since birth, but with an increase in this clinic in the last two years, especially in the last five months, without suffering weight loss, having ... | 18,998,374 |
5-n-Alkylresorcinols from the nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium Azotobacter chroococcum Az12. | A mixture of five saturated 5-n-alkylresorcinol homologues was isolated from vegetative cells of the nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium Azotobacter chroococcum Az12. Their structures were established by spectrometry (1H NMR, EI-MS, FAB-MS, FAB-MS/MS) and chromatography (GC, TLC) means. | 18,998,393 |
Free radical scavengers and antioxidants from Tagetes mendocina. | Tagetes mendocina (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in the Andean provinces of Argentina. Preliminary assays showed free radical scavenging activity in the methanol extract of the aerial parts, measured by the decoloration of a methanolic solution of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and scav... | 18,998,399 |
Antiradical activity of hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed extracts from Helichrysi inflorescentia and its phenolic contents. | A methanol extract was obtained from defatted (petroleum ether) inflorescence of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (perennial herb native to Middle and Southeast Europe). The extract was evaporated under reduced pressure and the dry residue was dissolved in hot water. The aqueous solution was stored for 6 d at 4 degree... | 18,998,402 |
Tulasnein and podospirone from the coprophilous xylariaceous fungus Podosordaria tulasnei. | Tulasnein (1), a new metabolite with strong antimicrobial and weaker cytotoxic and phytotoxic activity, was isolated from culture filtrates of three strains of the xylariaceous coprophilous fungus Podosordaria tulasnei. The producing strains were identified by their rhizomorphs and by ITS rDNA sequence analysis. A seco... | 18,998,405 |
Salt-stress induced alterations in protein profile and protease activity in the mangrove Bruguiera parviflora. | Two-month-old seedlings of Bruguiera parvifora were treated with varying levels of NaCl (100, 200 and 400 mM) under hydroponic culture. Total proteins were extracted from leaves of control and NaCl treated plants after 7, 14, 30 and 45 d of treatment and analysed by SDS-PAGE. As visualized from SDS-PAGE, the intensity ... | 18,998,411 |
[Correlation of the content and expression of urokinase plasminogen activator with asthenospermia in rat models]. | To investigate the content and expression of the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in the ornidazole-induced asthenospermia animal model, and to probe the mechanism of ornidazole inducing asthenospermia and the possibility of using uPA for the prevention and treatment of asthenospermia. Forty-eight male rats were e... | 18,998,460 |
Hearing deficit in a birth cohort of U.S. male commuter air carrier and air taxi pilots. | Long-term exposure to multiple risk factors in aviation may place pilots at excess risk of developing hearing deficits. We examined the incidence and risk factors for hearing deficit in a birth cohort of male commuter and air taxi pilots. The subjects (N = 3019), who were 45-54 yr of age and held Class I medical certif... | 18,998,487 |
Vertebral fracture in a pilot during centrifuge training: finding of osteopenia. | We report on a case of an F-16 pilot who suffered a compression fracture of the L5 vertebral body during centrifuge training. The pilot sustained the injury during a rapid onset to 6 G run. He was subsequently diagnosed to have osteopenia with a bone mineral density T-score of -1.95. This report discusses the medical a... | 18,998,491 |
Auditory skills development among children with developmental delays and cochlear implants. | We sought to understand auditory skills outcomes in young children with cochlear implants and developmental delay. Children who received cochlear implants at less than 36 months of age were identified via chart review. Their postimplant auditory skills outcomes were measured with the Auditory Skills Checklist. Of 35 ch... | 18,998,496 |
[Selection of a novel single-chain variable fragment antibody specifically against a linear epitope of white spot syndrome virus]. | White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most important pathogens in shrimp farm throughout the world. Many researches on WSSV have been done, but no efficient approach has been gained to protect and cure the disease. In this study, we constructed a single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody library displayed... | 18,998,540 |
[Zirconia and removable partial dentures]. | The present paper deals with the double crown technique in removable prosthodontics. New ceramic materials like zirconia are increasingly used in combination with CAD/CAM technologies for framework fabrication of fixed prosthesis, tooth- or implant-supported. However, zirconia is also a newly accepted material in remov... | 18,998,581 |
Ab initio studies of properties of small potassium clusters. | We have studied the properties of various isomers of potassium clusters containing even number of atoms ranging from 2 to 20 at the ab initio level. The geometry optimization calculations of the isomers of each cluster are performed by using all-electron density functional theory with gradient corrected exchange-correl... | 18,998,655 |
Reactivity of superoxide radical anion and hydroperoxyl radical with alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) derivatives. | Nitrones have exhibited pharmacological activity against radical-mediated pathophysiological conditions and as analytical reagents for the identification of transient radical species by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. In this work, competitive spin trapping, stopped-flow kinetics, and density functi... | 18,998,656 |
Highly enantioselective radical addition to N-benzoyl hydrazones using chiral ammonium salts. | In the presence of a protonated cinchonine derivative, radical addition reactions proceeded efficiently, affording addition adducts in high yields with an extremely high enantioselectivity. The chiral ammonium salt was recyclable after a simple aqueous workup. The reaction provides environmentally benign reaction condi... | 18,998,683 |
Synthesis of condensed pyrroloindoles via Pd-catalyzed intramolecular C-H bond functionalization of pyrroles. | A new strategy for the synthesis of condensed hetero- or carbocycles such as pyrroloindoles or fluorenes has been developed that involves the Pd-catalyzed cyclization of readily available N-(2-halobenzyl)pyrroles or their phenyl derivatives. The reaction is proposed to proceed via oxidative addition of benzylic halides... | 18,998,684 |
Pramlintide in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. | Pramlintide, the first member of a new class of drugs for the treatment of insulin-using patients with type 2 or type 1 diabetes mellitus, is an analog of the peptide hormone amylin. Amylin is co-secreted with insulin from pancreatic beta cells and acts centrally to slow gastric emptying, suppress postprandial glucagon... | 18,998,755 |
Multi-professional communication during a patient handoff. | Little is known about the communication principles necessary for successful design and implementation of information technology that supports the needs of healthcare providers from multiple professions. New methods are needed to understand the influence of technology on existing workflow and communication patterns in t... | 18,998,774 |
Infobuttons: anticipatory passive decision support. | "Infobuttons" are context-specific links from one system (typically a clinical information system) to a second system (typically an on-line knowledge resource) that attempt to use contextual information to anticipate users' information needs. Infobuttons have been around for over 15 years but are only recently finding ... | 18,998,777 |
NLP-based identification of pneumonia cases from free-text radiological reports. | Radiological reports are a rich source of clinical data which can be mined to assist with biosurveillance of emerging infectious diseases. In addition to biosurveillance, radiological reports are an important source of clinical data for health service research.Pneumonias and other radiological findings on chest x ray o... | 18,998,791 |
Optimizing feature representation for automated systematic review work prioritization. | Automated document classification can be a valuable tool for enhancing the efficiency of creating and updating systematic reviews (SRs) for evidence-based medicine. One way document classification can help is in performing work prioritization: given a set of documents, order them such that the most likely useful docume... | 18,998,798 |
Web service access to semantic web ontologies for data annotation. | Recent advances in semantic web technologies now provide the methodology for efficient and adaptable deployment of ontology support to biomedical applications for data annotation and integration. | 18,998,840 |
Effectiveness of automatic acute stroke alert system based on UMLS mapped local terminology codes at emergency department. | Acute stroke team activation process is needed to improve acute stroke management at emergency department. Recently automatic acute stroke alert system was developed at Asan Medical Center by using local terminology codes mapped to UMLS codes. The effectiveness of this system was evaluated with the aspect of alert time... | 18,998,845 |
A web-based biosignal data management system for U-health data integration. | In the ubiquitous healthcare environment, the biosignal data should be easily accessed and properly maintained. This paper describes a web-based data management system. It consists of a device interface, a data upload control, a central repository, and a web server. For the user-specific web services, a MFER Upload Act... | 18,998,847 |
An experience of "learning by doing": the hand surface images archive. | For a common user, bioimages seem to be very easy to treat, to read, to understand and, therefore, to archive. Conversely, bioimage archiving requires a complex design and implementation process. We proposed to a class of bioengineering students the implementation of a hand image repository specifically designed for hi... | 18,998,854 |
Effect of nurse reminder on depression screening rates in racial/ethnic minorities. | We analyzed a set of clinical encounters (n=4,160) in which nurses received a reminder to screen for depression. Patients who were African-American or Hispanic were less likely to be screened as were those with Medicaid or Medicare insurance. | 18,998,860 |
Role of Health Information Technology (HIT) in disability determinations: when medical records become medical evidence. | This exploratory study investigated the impact of incomplete medical evidence on the SSA disability determination process and the role of HIT as a solution. We collected qualitative data from nineteen expert-interviews. Findings indicate that HIT can lead to innovative solutions that can significantly improve the deter... | 18,998,861 |
Web screening of US nursing homes by location and quality. | To assist American families who will one day need to find a nursing home for a loved one, NLM is developing a Web 2.0 interface to important evaluative information about nursing homes in the US. Currently in prototype form, our Nursing Home Screener locates homes on a Google Map. It allows nursing home quality, indicat... | 18,998,890 |
Statewide real-time in-flight trauma patient vital signs collection system. | Continuous recorded in-flight vital signs monitoring and life-saving interventions linked to outcomes may provide better understanding of pre-hospital triage, care management and patient responses during the 'golden hour' of trauma care. Evaluation of 157 patients' vital signs data collected from our statewide network ... | 18,998,900 |
Automating the maintenance of problem list documentation using a clinical decision support system. | We designed and tested a clinical decision support system (CDSS) prototype to investigate whether a CDSS that assists matching ordered drugs to problems on the problem list can enhance the maintenance of medications and problem lists in the electronic medical record. We evaluated the capability of this CDSS in medicati... | 18,998,927 |
Minnesota framework for identification, endorsement and adoption of standards for interoperable electronic health records statewide. | The Minnesota e-Health Initiative developed a framework for identification, endorsement and adoption of standards as part of a state mandate for providers to implement interoperable electronic health records by 2015. The framework builds on national work and assesses opportunities and readiness for collaborative action... | 18,998,947 |
An operational citywide electronic infection control network: results from the first year. | The prevalence of drug resistant bacteria such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to increase nationwide. Infection control is a regional problem, particularly in urban settings, requiring a coordinated effort. To enable coordinated infection control efforts, we created a citywide electroni... | 18,999,011 |
Automatic pre-hospital vital signs waveform and trend data capture fills quality management, triage and outcome prediction gaps. | Trauma Triage errors are frequent and costly. What happens in pre-hospital care remains anecdotal because of the dual responsibility of treatment (resuscitation and stabilization) and documentation in a time-critical environment. Continuous pre-hospital vital signs waveforms and numerical trends were automatically coll... | 18,999,022 |
Selecting data elements to build a patient-centric electronic health record that will support adherence to therapeutic lifestyle change. | Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the US. Therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) is an effective intervention to reduce the risk of CVD. In developing a patient-centric electronic health record (PC-EHR), our project aims to build an evidence-based support system to facilitate patient-provid... | 18,999,031 |
Visualizing multivariate time series data to detect specific medical conditions. | Efficient unsupervised algorithms for the detection of patterns in time series data, often called motifs, have been used in many applications, such as identifying words in different languages, detecting anomalies in ECG readings, and finding similarities between images. We present a process that creates a personalized ... | 18,999,033 |
A novel system for rapidly identifying toxic chemicals. | First-responders have a critical need to rapidly identify toxic chemicals during emergencies. However, current systems such as WISER require a large number of inputs before a chemical can be identified. Here we present a novel system which significantly reduces the number of inputs required to identify a toxic chemical... | 18,999,084 |
Construction of a dictionary of laboratory tests mapped to LOINC at AP-HP. | We report on the ongoing process implemented at Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), the largest hospital system in Europe, to build a common reference for laboratory tests in French with LOINC mappings. At the time of writing, it contained 24,000 tests, covering all fields of biology, in use in 19 AP-HP hosp... | 18,999,107 |
Real-time process "defect" collection within the anatomic pathology laboratory to facilitate informatics driven workflow optimization. | Our anatomic pathology laboratory workflow optimization project developed a 2-pronged approach to real-time rapid process "defect" collection using a customized Post-it (3M) note for non-computerized workstations and a data collection module within our workflow integration software system, each of which takes less than... | 18,999,113 |
An engineering work analysis applied to patient falls in the nursing domain. | Patient falls in hospitals result in negative outcomes such as prolonged lengths of stay, various injuries, and even death. Nurses are responsible for identifying patients at risk for falls and implementing preventative measures. The focus of this research is to apply a systems engineering approach, Cognitive Work Anal... | 18,999,114 |
Predicting hemodialysis mortality utilizing blood pressure trends. | Mean Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) is a predictor of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The hypothesis is that transforming SBP measurements to reflect trends would improve the quality of predictions. Data consisted of 4,500 patients from a dialysis provider in the US with at least six months follow-up. Relative ... | 18,999,118 |
A trend map for e-health information. | Health information of varying levels of quality is available and accessed on the web by patients and medical personnel, who base their decisions on the knowledge they find on the sites they visit. Providing a network map showing different types of sources for medical information is a powerful way to visualize the compl... | 18,999,131 |
Evaluation and comparison of IV insulin-treatment protocols using data from critically ill patients in the ICU. | In critically ill patients control of blood sugar levels with IV insulin has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in the intensive care units. We have developed an analytical framework with which to evaluate and compare IV insulin-treatment models and protocols. Performance of the analytical framework is demonstrate... | 18,999,145 |
Extracting structured medication event information from discharge summaries. | We present a method that extracts medication information from discharge summaries. The program relies on parsing rules written as a set of regular expressions and on a user-configurable drug lexicon. Our evaluation shows a precision of 94% and recall of 83% in the extraction of medication information. We use a broader ... | 18,999,147 |
Representing nursing assessment documentation with ICNP. | The purpose of this study was to identify key concepts and semantic relations necessary to represent standardized and local patient assessment items in an electronic documentation system and to evaluate the degree to which coverage of both are represented by ICNP. A total of 805 unique assessment concepts were identifi... | 18,999,149 |
Stay tuned. Comparison of journal updates tracking using RSS and e-mail technologies. | Electronic subscription alerts provide new possibilities for health care providers to stay abreast with current literature and practice evidence-based medicine. During a 5 month prospective observation we compared the performance of the three common subscription methods: email and Really Simple Syndication (RSS) from t... | 18,999,160 |
Analysis of Maryland poisoning deaths using classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. | Our study is a cross-sectional analysis of Maryland poisoning deaths for years 2003 and 2004. We used Classification and Regression Tree (CART) methodology to classify undetermined intent Maryland poisoning deaths as either unintentional or suicidal poisonings. The predictive ability of the selected set of variables (i... | 18,999,168 |
Use of decision support to prevent errors when documenting height and weight in the hospital electronic medical record. | This study evaluates the impact of decision support to improve documentation of height and weight as a means to prevent medication errors. We developed a real-time expert system rule that calculates age-specific limits and provides an alert if the value entered is outside these limits. We compare data before and after ... | 18,999,178 |
The MidSouth eHealth Alliance: use and impact in the first year. | The MidSouth e-Health Alliance is a health information exchange that has been in use in the Memphis, Tennessee region since May, 2006. This health information exchange took two years to develop from the time it was initially conceived. Following on the work done by the Indianapolis project, the MidSouth e-Health Allian... | 18,999,184 |
Semiotic web for translational medicine. | The semiotic web for translational medicine generalizes the concept of the semantic web. We present the functions of the semiotic web as a simple ontology with three dimensions, namely: (a) the four steps of semiotics, (b) the two processes in semiotics, and (c) the four types of research. The resulting 32 combinations... | 18,999,185 |
Defining medication complexity and its effect on outcomes in community dwelling elders receiving home care. | Complexity of medication regimens in community dwelling elders is examined in relationship to emergent care use, hospitalization and self management of medications in this secondary data analysis of OASIS data and medication data from all 2004 open admissions to 15 home health care agencies. Preliminary findings and th... | 18,999,187 |
The impact of web-based diabetes risk calculators on information processing and risk perceptions. | As consumer demand for online health information grows, many organizations are providing personalized and interactive health risk communication tools. In response, there is a need to better understand how effective these features are in influencing user attention, information processing and risk perceptions. This study... | 18,999,192 |
Linking test ordering with order tracking: closing the loop in ambulatory care. | Test non-completion decreases quality of care and accounts for many diagnosis-related malpractice claims. Currently, clinicians using Partners' electronic Longitudinal Medical Record (LMR) can track results but lack a mechanism for tracking non-completed tests. This pilot intervention will study an "order tracking" fun... | 18,999,233 |
A tag based recommendation engine to suggest information resources in an online community for health promotion. | WEB 2.0 or the "social web" has created a new paradigm of collaborative information creation, organization and consumption. Among these, the social process of "tagging" has emerged as a bottom-up user-driven method to index content. We describe the use of tags as a way to connect users to resources in an online communi... | 18,999,253 |
Somatic mutation signatures of cancer. | The advancement of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment would be hastened via a robust method to identify patterns that indicate a tumor's state. Prior research has established that sporadic, colorectal-cancer pathogenesis involves a series of genetic mutations that allow benign polyps to develop and eventually p... | 18,999,255 |
Three years experience with the implementation of a networked electronic medical record in Haiti. | Since 2005 we have been developing and implementing an electronic medical record (EMR) that supports both individual and population health care of HIV-infected patients in Haiti. Unreliable electrical power and network infrastructure, cultural differences, variable levels of experience and computer literacy, and the ge... | 18,999,283 |
Evaluating the technical adequacy of electronic prescribing standards: Results of an expert panel process. | To support more informed prescribing decisions, e-prescribing systems need data on patients' medication histories and their drug-specific insurance coverage. We used an expert panel process to evaluate the technical adequacy of two standards for delivering this information, the Medication History function of the NCPDP ... | 18,999,287 |
A multi-level spatial clustering algorithm for detection of disease outbreaks. | In this paper, we proposed a Multi-level Spatial Clustering (MSC) algorithm for rapid detection of emerging disease outbreaks prospectively. We used the semi-synthetic data for algorithm evaluation. We applied BARD algorithm [1] to generate outbreak counts for simulation of aerosol release of Anthrax. We compared MSC w... | 18,999,304 |
Identifying functional discrepancies in self monitoring intake applications. | Self Monitoring Intake (SMI) has been shown to be an effective method to motivate adherence to a healthy diet. The key function in SMI applications is to document daily dietary intake, which requires users to select intake from a long pick list of items. Current approaches for food item selection are poor in usability ... | 18,999,313 |
Racial identity, social context, and race-related social cognition in African Americans during middle childhood. | This study examined the effect of changes in racial identity, cross-race friendships, same-race friendships, and classroom racial composition on changes in race-related social cognition from 3rd to 5th grade for 73 African American children. The goal of the study was to determine the extent to which preadolescent racia... | 18,999,320 |
Age differences in sensation seeking and impulsivity as indexed by behavior and self-report: evidence for a dual systems model. | It has been hypothesized that sensation seeking and impulsivity, which are often conflated, in fact develop along different timetables and have different neural underpinnings, and that the difference in their timetables helps account for heightened risk taking during adolescence. In order to test these propositions, th... | 18,999,337 |
Less efficient elementary visuomotor processes in 7- to 10-year-old preterm-born children without cerebral palsy: an indication of impaired dorsal stream processes. | Follow-up studies of preterm children without serious neurological complications have consistently found deficits in visuomotor skills. To determine whether these deficits may be related to impaired elementary visuomotor processes, we investigated movement programming and execution of simple pointing movements in 7- to... | 18,999,349 |
Selective attention in human associative learning and recognition memory. | Four experiments examined the role of selective attention in a new causal judgment task that allowed measurement of both causal strength and cue recognition. In Experiments 1 and 2, blocking was observed; pretraining with 1 cue (A) resulted in reduced learning about a 2nd cue (B) when those 2 cues were trained in compo... | 18,999,357 |
Will a category cue attract you? Motor output reveals dynamic competition across person construal. | People use social categories to perceive others, extracting category cues to glean membership. Growing evidence for continuous dynamics in real-time cognition suggests, contrary to prevailing social psychological accounts, that person construal may involve dynamic competition between simultaneously active representatio... | 18,999,360 |
Stereotype threat and executive resource depletion: examining the influence of emotion regulation. | Research shows that stereotype threat reduces performance by diminishing executive resources, but less is known about the psychological processes responsible for these impairments. The authors tested the idea that targets of stereotype threat try to regulate their emotions and that this regulation depletes executive re... | 18,999,361 |
Connection between matrix-product states and superposition of Bernoulli shock measures. | We consider a generalized coagulation-decoagulation system on a one-dimensional discrete lattice with reflecting boundaries. It is known that a Bernoulli shock measure with two shock fronts might have a simple random-walk dynamics, provided that some constraints on the microscopic reaction rates of this system are fulf... | 18,999,380 |
Zero-temperature dynamics in the two-dimensional axial next-nearest-neighbor Ising model. | We investigate the dynamics of a two-dimensional axial next-nearest-neighbor Ising model following a quench to zero temperature. The Hamiltonian is given by H= -J_(0) summation operator(L)_(i,j=1)S_(i,j)S_(i+1,j)-J_(1)summation operator_(i,j=1)(S_{i,j}S_{i,j+1}-kappaS_{i,j}S_{i,j+2}) . For kappa<1 , the system does ... | 18,999,391 |
Structure and stability of isotropic states of hard platelet fluids. | We study the thermodynamics and the pair structure of hard, infinitely thin, circular platelets in the isotropic phase. Monte Carlo simulation results indicate a rich spatial structure of the spherical expansion components of the direct correlation function, including nonmonotonical variation of some of the components ... | 18,999,406 |
Experimental measurements of the collapse of a two-dimensional granular gas under gravity. | We experimentally measure the decay of a quasi-two-dimensional granular gas under gravity. A granular gas is created by vibrofluidization, after which the energy input is halted, and the time-dependent statistical properties of the decaying gas are measured with video particle tracking. There are two distinct cooling s... | 18,999,413 |
Experimental study of granular flows in a rough annular shear cell. | The study of granular flows in physics has always been important because of their recurring presence in nature and industry. However, the nonlinear and multiphase behavior exhibited by these particulate systems makes them hard to model and predict. Several experiments were conducted in the past to gain insight into gra... | 18,999,417 |
Visualization of collisional substructure in granular shock waves. | We study shock wave formation and propagation in an experimental vertically driven quasi-two-dimensional granular gas. We measure the moments of the single particle velocity distribution as a function of space and time. The space-time fields of the velocity moments show acoustic waves with a serrated substructure on th... | 18,999,420 |
Dynamical heterogeneity in a model for permanent gels: different behavior of dynamical susceptibilities. | We present a systematic study of dynamical heterogeneity in a model for permanent gels upon approaching the gelation threshold. We find that the fluctuations of the self-intermediate scattering function are increasing functions of time, reaching a plateau whose value, at large length scales, coincides with the mean clu... | 18,999,424 |
Connections of activated hopping processes with the breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation and with aspects of dynamical heterogeneities. | We develop an extended version of the mode-coupling theory (MCT) for glass transition, which incorporates activated hopping processes via the dynamical theory originally formulated to describe diffusion-jump processes in crystals. The dynamical-theory approach adapted here to glass-forming liquids treats hopping as ari... | 18,999,429 |
Interplay of subthreshold activity, time-delayed feedback, and noise on neuronal firing patterns. | Feedback connections and noise are ubiquitous features of neuronal networks and affect in a determinant way the patterns of neural activity. Here we study how the subthreshold dynamics of a neuron interacts with time-delayed feedback and noise. We use a Hodgkin-Huxley-type model of a thermoreceptor neuron and assume th... | 18,999,455 |
Effects of the chemomechanical stepping cycle on the traffic of molecular motors. | We discuss effects of the stepping kinetics of molecular motors on their traffic behavior on crowded filaments using a simple two-state chemomechanical cycle. While the general traffic behavior is quite robust with respect to the detailed kinetics of the step, a few observable parameters exhibit a strong dependence on ... | 18,999,457 |
Simplified model of cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics in the presence of one or several clusters of Ca2+ -release channels. | Calcium release from intracellular stores plays a key role in the regulation of a variety of cellular activities. In various cell types this release occurs through inositol-triphosphate (IP3) receptors which are Ca2+ channels whose open probability is modulated by the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration itself. Thus, the comb... | 18,999,463 |
Benchmark graphs for testing community detection algorithms. | Community structure is one of the most important features of real networks and reveals the internal organization of the nodes. Many algorithms have been proposed but the crucial issue of testing, i.e., the question of how good an algorithm is, with respect to others, is still open. Standard tests include the analysis o... | 18,999,496 |
Scale-free topology-induced double resonance in networked two-state systems. | We study numerically the effect of a scale-free topology on the signal-to-noise ratio of networked two-state systems and find a double resonance phenomenon, i.e., a resonance on coupling strength and a stochastic resonance on noise strength. This finding suggests an alternative approach of self-tuning, i.e., tuning fro... | 18,999,497 |
Rhythmic oscillation and dynamic instability of micrometer-size phase separation under continuous photon flux by a focused laser. | We report the dynamical behavior of microm-sized phase separation for a homogeneous mixture of D2O and 3-methylpyridine (3MP) induced under continuous photon-flux by a focused YAG laser. At a water-rich composition, stable rhythmic oscillation of the emergence-growth escape of a 3MP-rich droplet is generated. In contra... | 18,999,515 |
Electromagnetic transparency by coated spheres with radial anisotropy. | We establish an account of electromagnetic scattering by coated spheres with radial dielectric and magnetic anisotropy. Within full-wave scattering theory, we show that the total scattering cross section Qs is strongly dependent on both the dielectric anisotropy and magnetic anisotropy. As a consequence, by a suitable ... | 18,999,553 |
Random input problem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. | We consider the random input problem for a nonlinear system modeled by the integrable one-dimensional self-focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE). We concentrate on the properties obtained from the direct scattering problem associated with the NLSE. We discuss some general issues regarding soliton creation from... | 18,999,554 |
Perturbational formulation of principal component analysis in molecular dynamics simulation. | Conformational fluctuations of a molecule are important to its function since such intrinsic fluctuations enable the molecule to respond to the external environmental perturbations. For extracting large conformational fluctuations, which predict the primary conformational change by the perturbation, principal component... | 18,999,556 |
Observation of nonadditive mixed-state phases with polarized neutrons. | In a neutron polarimetry experiment the mixed-state relative phases between spin eigenstates are determined from the maxima and minima of measured intensity oscillations. We consider evolutions leading to purely geometric, purely dynamical, and combined phases. It is experimentally demonstrated that the sum of the indi... | 18,999,577 |
Role of the Majorana fermion and the edge mode in chiral superfluidity near a p-wave Feshbach resonance. | The visualization of chiral p-wave superfluidity in Fermi gases near p-wave Feshbach resonances is theoretically examined. It is proposed that the superfluidity becomes detectable in the entire BCS-BEC regimes through (i) vortex visualization by the density depletion inside the vortex core and (ii) intrinsic angular mo... | 18,999,582 |
Development of electron-proton density functionals for multicomponent density functional theory. | We present a strategy for the development of electron-proton density functionals in multicomponent density functional theory, treating electrons and selected nuclei quantum mechanically without the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. An electron-proton functional is derived using an explicitly correlated electron-proton pa... | 18,999,594 |
Quantum interferences in cooperative Dicke emission from spatial variation of the laser phase. | We report the generation of a new quantum interference effect in spontaneous emission from a resonantly driven system of two identical two-level atoms due to the spatial variation of the laser phase at the positions of the atoms. This interference affects significantly the spectral features of the emitted radiation and... | 18,999,596 |
Phase reduction of stochastic limit cycle oscillators. | We point out that for an oscillator subjected to noise the conventional phase equation is not a proper approximation even for weak noise. We present a phase reduction method valid for an oscillator subjected to weak white Gaussian noise. Numerical evidence demonstrates that the phase equation properly approximates dyna... | 18,999,602 |
Binding of a 3He impurity to a screw dislocation in solid 4He. | Using first-principles simulations for the probability density of finding a 3He atom in the vicinity of the screw dislocation in solid 4He, we determine the binding energy to the dislocation nucleus E(B)=0.8+/-0.1 K and the density of localized states at larger distances. The specific heat due to 3He features a peak si... | 18,999,608 |
First-principles theory of competing order types, phase separation, and phonon spectra in thermoelectric AgPbmSbTe(m+2) alloys. | Using a first-principles cluster expansion, we shed light on the solid-state phase diagram and structure of the recently discovered high-performance Pb-Ag-Sb-Te thermoelectrics. The calculated bulk thermodynamics favors the formation of coherent precipitates of ordered Ag(m)Sb(n)Te(m+n) phases immiscible with rocksalt ... | 18,999,614 |
Anisotropy of antiferromagnetic 180 degrees domains in LiCoPO4 and LiNiPO4. | Unexpected three-dimensional distributions of antiferromagnetic 180 degrees domains are observed in LiCoPO4 and LiNiPO4 by optical second harmonic generation. Domains in LiCoPO4 are isotropic in spite of the quasi-two-dimensional magnetic structure whereas domains in LiNiPO4 are distinctly anisotropic, but in contrast ... | 18,999,633 |
Magnetic circular dichroism from the impurity band in III-V diluted magnetic semiconductors. | The magnetic circular dichroism of III-V diluted magnetic semiconductors, calculated within a theoretical framework suitable for highly disordered materials, is shown to be dominated by optical transitions between the bulk bands and an impurity band formed from magnetic dopant states. The real-space Green's functions i... | 18,999,634 |
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