title stringlengths 0 901 | abstract stringlengths 3 9.89k | PMID int64 22 25.3M | embedding listlengths 768 768 |
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Ischemic papilledema in giant-cell arteritis. Mucopolysaccharide deposition with normal intraocular pressure. | A 68-year-old man died 18 days after the onset of ischemic optic neuropathy caused by histologically proven giant-cell arteritis. On histopathologic study of the eye, ischemic necrosis of the prelaminar and retrolaminar optic nerve was seen, along with the massive presence of acid mucopolysaccharides sensitive to testicular hyaluronidase. This finding was interpreted as an intrusion of vitreal material resulting from breaks in the internal limiting membrane and the pressure gradient from intraocular to extraocular tissues, an analogy to Schnabel degeneration in acute glaucoma. | 131,544 | [
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Total correction of type I truncus arteriosus in a 6-month-old infant. | A successful correction of type I truncus arteriosus using a 12 mm 'dacron' conduit containing a porcine aortic valve (Hancock) between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery in a 6-month-old infant is reported. The rationale for the treatment of truncus arteriosus in infancy is discussed. | 131,565 | [
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Immunological studies in Rockland mice infected with T. cruzi. Development of antinuclear antibodies. | The existence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and their relationship with anti-Trypanosoma cruzi specific agglutinins was studied in Rockland mice inoculated with 10(5), 10(4) or 10(3) epimastigotes and 2 X 10(5) trypomastigotes of T. cruzi. ANA and anti-T. cruzi agglutinins were detected at the same time in groups of mice receiving 10(5) culture forms, while in those groups of mice receiving 10(4) parasites agglutinins were established earlier than ANA which were present only at low titres. Positive serology and ANA were also detected in mice infected with trypomastigotes. Neither specific agglutinins nor ANA were found in groups of mice receiving 10(3) parasites probably because the number of parasites inoculated was too low to infect them. ANA were not found in not infected mice. ANA induced in mice by T. cruzi infection seem to be related to the amount of parasites inoculated and thus with the degree of the subsequent infection. Immunopathologic studies carried out in mice infected with trypomastigotes showed the presence of nodular deposits of gamma globulin in the kidneys, suggesting the possibility of an immune complex disease : the light and electron microscopic studies of the kidneys showed in the glomeruli an increase of the mesangium, hypercellularity and thickened basement membranes. | 131,587 | [
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[Compensatory renal hypertrophy in rats. II. Possible regulatory role of renal inhibitory substance]. | Clear supernatant from kidney homogenate injected to an uninephrectomized rat inhibits specifically the incorporation of tritiated thymidine by compensating kidney. This result agrees with the speculation of autoregulation of kidney growth. | 131,606 | [
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[Seasonal variation of arylesterase activity and its consequence for enzymatic hydrolysis of phenylacetate]. | Studies on red cell arylesterase activity were performed for two years by potentiometric titration using phenylacetate as substrate. From April to October enzymes had higher arylesterase activity than the rest of the year. During that period an increase of arylesterase activity by L-phyenyl-alanine had not been shown. | 131,635 | [
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[Effect of d-1 propranolol on urinary osmolarity after furosemide in anesthesized dog]. | The effects of propranolol (l mg/kg/H infused in the renal artery) on the diuretic action of furosemide (20 mg/kg i.v.) have been studied in pentobarbital anesthetized dogs. We obtained the 3 following results : the urine remained isotonic to the plasma during the 6 hours following the furosemide injection ; the urinary output of sodium and water, measured during 6 hours after furosemide injection, was increased ; the renin hypersecretion was inhibited. | 131,638 | [
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Clinical diagnosis of Down's syndrome. | A physical examination checklist of 25 signs of Down's syndrome was used to predict the presence of absence of 21-trisomy in 291 individuals examined for suspected Downs syndrome. Using only total numbers of signs present, 21-trisomy was unambiguously predicted in about half those examined. Discriminant analysis using the most informative 10 signs misclassified only 11 of 169 infants aged 2 years or less, and allowed non-overlapping classification into Down's and non-Down's of almost three-fourths of suspected individuals. The risk for Down's syndrome in the overlap area was 58%. | 131,663 | [
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The cyanogen bromide peptides of bovine soluble and insoluble collagens. II. Tissue specific cross-linked peptides of insoluble skin and dentin collagen. | Cyanogen bromide peptides were prepared from insoluble bovine skin and dentin collagens and compared by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecylsulphate, with those of the alpha1 and alpha2 chains of soluble type I and type III collagen. Both insoluble collagens yielded predominantly the peptides of type I collagen. Insoluble skin collagen was approximately 13% type III. Type III collagen if present in dentin, is present in smaller quanitity not detected by the technique used here. Several new fragments, different in each tissue, were obtained which could not be accounted for as uncleaved peptides. Three of those from dentin were isolated by gel chromatography and characterized by amino acid analysis. Two were found to contain 3-hydroxyproline, suggesting the presence of alpha1CB6. The recovery of only 25-30% of alpha1CB6 in the expected position on SDS gel electrophoresis indicated that it was involved in interactions with other peptides in these two tissues to the extent of one and a half cross-links per tropocollagen molecule. The nature and distributin of cross-link peptides of bovine skin and dentin collagens was distinctly different. | 131,673 | [
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[Effect of leukemic sera on the reactivity of leukocytes from acute leukemia patients in mixed lymphocyte cultures]. | The author examined the action of leucemic sera (first attack, repapse and remission) on the reactivity of lymphocytes, obtained from patients with acute myeloblastic (AML) in mixed cultures of lymphocytes, which was compared with the reactivity in the medium of fetal calf serum and pool of normal human serum. Twelve out of 21 Leucemic sera, obtained from patients with AML during their first attack or relapse inhibited completely the mixed lympholytec cultures under autologic conditions. Eight leucemic sera with established inhibiting action under autologic conditions preserved it under allogenic conditions as well. Sera of patients with acute myeloblastic leucosis during remission did not have inhibiting action on mixed lymphocytic cultures. These results suggested the presence of factor(s) in the sera of patients with acute myeloblastic leucosis during the first attack or relapse, which inhibited mixed lymphocytic cultures. | 131,683 | [
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Evidence for a new intermediate state in the mechanism of (Na+ + K+)-adenosine triphosphatase. | A rapid mixing technique was used to follow the intermediate formation of phosphorylated enzyme and liberation of inorganic phosphate by a microsomal preparation of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase. In the presence of 100 mM Na+,but without added K+, phosphorylation reaches a constant level at a rate which is dependent on ATP concentration. Inorganic phosphate production lags during the inital phase of phosphorylation and then accumulates at a constant rate. These observations favor a scheme in which Pi is liberated as the result of turnover of the phosphorylated enzyme. In the presence of 100 mM Na+ and 2.5 mM K+ phosphate production was resolved into two phases consisting of an initial 'burst' and late steady state phase... | 131,800 | [
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Early events during substrate adhesion of normal and virus-transformed mouse fibroblasts. | The relationship between attachment of Balb/c3T3 cells and their SV40 transformants to glass or plastic substrates and deposition of substrate-attached material (SAM-proteoglycans implicated in substrate adhesion) has been examined very early after inoculation of cells subcultured with ethylenebis (oxyethylenenitrilo) tetra-acetic acid (EGTA). The metabolic inhibitors cycloheximide and colchicine minimally affected the kinetics or short-term stability of attachment of cells or deposition of SAM. SAM deposition on to the substrate began immediately after inoculation of cells and was maximal prior to the highest cell attachment level (30-40 min after inoculation). At 4 degrees C, there was no attachment of cells to the substrate and no deposition of leucine- or glucosamine-radiolabelled SAM on to the substrate. 3T3 cells deposited SAM to a maximal level earlier during the attachment process than SV40-transformed cells. SVT2 cells deposited much smaller amounts of SAM (measured on a per-cell basis) to 3T3 SAM-coated substrates during attachment processes, whereas 3T3 cells and concanavalin A (con A) revertant variants of SVT2 cells, which have regained density-dependent inhibition of growth, deposited identical amounts of SAM (per-cell) on untreated or SAM-coated substrates. Serial attachment experiments with SVT2 cells indicated that all SVT2 cells reduced their deposition amounts on SAM-coated substrates, rather than there being an ability of a small proportion of cells to attach preferentially to SAM-coated substrates while being unable to deposit SAM themselves. The data are consistent with the presence of a sizeable pool of SAM-like proteoglycans being present on the surface of EGTA-removed cells whose deposition may be a requirement for, but may not necessarily be sufficient for, stable adhesion of cells to the substrate. | 131,809 | [
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The use of spontaneously hypertensive rats for the study of anti-hypertensive agents. | Hypertension studies using laboratory animals have been conducted since 1930. These were not completely satisfactory because either surgery or pharmacologic induction were required to produce hypertensive animals. Many attempts have been made to breed spontaneously hypertensive rats, mainly from the Okamoto strain. The cause of hypertension in the rat, with specific reference to genetic aspects and pathogenicity, were reviewed. The hypertensive rat is an acceptable model for hypertension studies because of the stability of the hypertensive state and the reproducibility of experimental effects. It is a particularly useful model for screening antihypertensive agents. Development of mutant Okamato stran rats which have brain softening, cerebral hemorrhages, and myocardial infarctions would permit the screening of specific therapeutic agents with fewer side-effects. Mutants which develop obesity, hyperlipidism, and early atherosclerosis have been reported in Okamoto strain X Sprague-Dawley rat crosses. | 131,878 | [
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Surgical treatment of floppy mitral valve syndrome in children. | Five children whose ages ranged from 9 to 14 years underwent operation for floppy mitral valve syndrome. The clinical course of this syndrome in young patients was characterized by exceptionally rapid deterioration in congestive heart failure after the onset of symptoms. The children responded poorly to medical treatment. Early surgical treatment should be recommended soon after the onset of congestive heart failure. Three out of 5 patients required an associated tricuspid valve replacement for a floppy tricuspid valve, whose structure showed marked myxomatous transformation. Because of the high incidence of myxomatous transformation of the tricuspid valve in children, significant tricuspid insufficiency in this syndrome should be managed by valve replacement. | 131,884 | [
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[Microflora of underground waters in oil and gas fields of Mangyshlak]. | The distribution of various physiological bacterial groups with respect to the geological profile and area was studied in underground waters of the gas and oil bearing complexes of Mangyshlak. Metamorphism of the environment in the complexes, in the direction of flow of underground waters, from the oxidative to the reductive medium, is correlated with changes in the composition of the prevailing and accompanying bacterial groups for each of the zones. | 131,900 | [
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[Influence of vitamin A on the distribution of glycosaminoglycans in rat tissues]. | Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) from brains, intestines, livers and skin of rats were analyzed by electrophoretic and enzymatic methods. Variations in GAG distribution have been studied in rats fed on a vitamin-A-deficient diet and on a diet supplemented with an excessive quantity of vitamin A. Hypervitaminosis A resulted in a decrease in GAG isolated from connective and hepatic tissues. The incorporation of labeled sulfate into the GAG of these tissues has been studied. Hypervitaminosis A resulted in a decrease in sulfate incorporation into the GAG isolated from connective tissues. A large increase in sulfate incorporation into the GAC of the digestive tract is observed for vitamin-A-treated rats. A decrease is noted for vitamin-A-deficient rats. It was suggested that these variations in distribution and specific activity of GAG could be due to different effects of vitamin A. Vitamin A seems to be required either for the release of lysosomal enzymes or for the sulfatation and elongation of certain glucidic chains in the biosynthesis of sulfated GAG. | 131,915 | [
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DNA methylase: purification from ascites cells and the effect of various DNA substrates on its activity. | DNA methylase has been purified 405-fold from Krebs II ascites cells. The purified enzyme is homogeneous on SDS-poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (molecular weight about 80,000) and the only product of the reaction with DNA is 5-methyl cytosine. Both native and denatured DNA are methylated by the enzyme; with calf thymus DNA the double stranded form is the better substrate but the enzyme preferentially methylates single stranded E.coli DNA even in "native" preparations. Our results do not support a mechanism whereby the enzyme methylates DNA by binding irreversibly and "walking" along it. By measuring maximum levels of methylation of DNAs from different sources we have estimated the proportion of unmethylated sites present in them. Homologous ascites DNA can be methylated, but only to about 5% of the level of the best substrate, undermethylated mouse L929 cell DNA. DNA isolated from growing cells or tissues is a better substrate than DNA from normal liver or pancreas, or from stationary cells. | 131,936 | [
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Transplacental effects of nitrosamines in Syrian hamsters: I. Dibutylnitrosamine and nitrosohexamethyleneimine. | The transplacental carcinogenic effects of dibutylnitrosamine (DBN) and nitrosohexamethyleneimine (N-6-MI) were examined in Syrian hamsters. A proportion of both substances reached the fetal tissue unaltered. No macroscopic malformations were observed in the offspring; however, postnatal mortality was high. Respiratory tumours were found upon histologic examination of surviving animals. Single doses of 30 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) DBN and 2 doses of 10 mg/kg b.w. N-6-MI did not induce tumours in the P-generation, but led to a low tumour incidence in the F1-generation (DBN, 7.0%, N-6-MI, 2.0%). Treatment for up to eight days during the second half of pregnancy led to a higher tumour incidence in the P-generation (DBN, 22%; N-6-MI, 20%), than in the F1-generation (DBN, 6.0%; N-6-MI, 10%). | 132,030 | [
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Carcinogenic effects of different nitroso-compounds in Chinese hamsters. II. N-nitrosomorpholine and N-nitrosopiperidine. | A total of 320 Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus) (CH) were subcutaneously (s.c.) treated with 1/5, 1/10, or 1/20 LD50 of N-nitrosomorpholine (NM) or N-nitrosopiperidine (NP). In the CH, NM and NP both produced up to a 100% rate of papillomas of the cheek pouch, tongue, pharynx, esophagus and forestomach. Occasionally squamous cell carcinomas also developed in these organs. A high rate of hepatomas was realized by NP. | 132,034 | [
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The chlorophyll aII reaction in trypsin-treated spinach chloroplasts in the presence of potassium ferricyanide. | In trypsin-treated spinach chloroplasts there is no linear electron flow from water to potassium ferricyanide. The chlorophyll aII reaction, however, is still active but insensitive to 3-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea. From this we conclude that ferricyanide and trypsin together stimulate a mini-cycle in photosystem II. | 132,043 | [
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[Chromosomal structures of Pseudomonas testosteroni. I. Isolation and characterization of the chromosomal complexes. (author's transl)]. | After lysis of Pseydomonas testosteroni with lysozyme and non-ionic detergents different DNA-protein complexes can be separated in 5-25% (w/v) neutral sucrose gradient. The protein to DNA ratio of these complexes varies between 0.5-4.5 to 1, whereby the faster sedimenting forms contain more protein than the slower sedimenting ones. Different initial rates of DNase digestion may indicate various degrees of DNA packing in these complexes. The chromosomal complexes of Pseudomonas testosteroni are relatively stable towards pronase. Treatment with RNase or sodium dodecylsulphate is accompanied by a dramatic increase in viscosity and decrease in relative density. It suggests that DNA in these complexes is maintained in its supercoiled form by RNA molecule(s) in a similar way as in isolated chromosome of E. coli. | 132,046 | [
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In vitro studies on target cells of oncogenic adenoviruses in hamster brain. III. In vitro transformation of brain cells of hamsters at various ages by bovine adenovirus type 3. | In vitro transformation of brain cells of hamsters at various ages was examined after the addition of bovine adenovirus type 3 to determine the type and origin of the target cells. Cellular transformations occurred only in cultures of fetus and newborn animals and at low incidences. Nine cell lines were obtained. Virus specific tumor antigens were demonstrated in the transformed cells. The present investigation suggested that bovine adenovirus type 3 might transform mesenchymal cells (ME cell) and that these cells are probably of meningeal or vascular origin. The histological picture of tumors following transplantation of the transformed cells resembled human primary sarcoma of the meninges and brain. | 132,085 | [
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0.3526137,
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... |
Inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids on prolactin release induced by thyrotropin-releasing hormone in man. | Glucocorticoid effect on thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-induced prolactin (PRL) release was studied in female patients with collagen or autoimmune diseases. Long-term, high dose glucocorticoid therapy tended to inhibit the response of plasma PRL to TRH. A negative correlation (r=-0.40) was found between the logarithm of total dose of glucocorticoids received and the magnitude of plasma PRL response to TRH (p less than .05). | 132,086 | [
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Phosphorylation of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides by isolated rat liver mitochondria. | Formation of 5'-AMP, 5'-GMP, 5'-CMP and 5'UMP was confirmed in isolated rat liver mitochondria incubated with alpha-ketoglutarate, inorganic phosphate, purine nucleoside and pyrimidine nucleoside. Increased incorporation of 32Pi into ATP, GTP and UTP was observed by adding purine- and pyrimidine nucleosides. The phosphorylation of nucleosides was inhibited severely by arsenite and affected slightly by the addition of nuclear or post-mitochondrial fraction. | 132,087 | [
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Cutaneous reactions to propranolol (Inderal). | Six patients wit psoriasiform cutaneous eruptions that developed during long-term therapy with propranolol (Inderal) have been studied. The cutaneous changes closely resembled those seen during treatment with practolol (Eraldin). The duration of treatment before the rash was recognized averaged 10 months, which is about the same latency period as in patients with practolol-induced exanthemas. The exanthemas disappeared gradually within 1-5 weeks after treatment with propranolol had been stopped. In 4 of 5 patients the skin eruptions reappeared within 2-4 days after oral challenge with propranolol. In the fifth patient, who developed a rash after challenge with practolol and severe abdominal colics after challenge with oxprenolol, no further provocation tests with propranolol were attempted. Skin biopsies obtained from 3 patients showed a microscopical picture similar to that seen in practolol exanthemas. The pathogenetic mechanism responsible for these adverse cutaneous reactions is unknown. However, since the possibility exists, that these changes may be caused by blockade of the epidermal beta-receptors, it is recommended that all patients receiving beta-blocking drugs should be examined carefully for similar adverse reactions. Special attention should be drawn to the reversible skin changes, since during treatment with practolol these have often preceded serious complications from other organs. | 132,088 | [
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[Partial trisomy 21 (21q21 - 21q22.2)]. | An abnormal chromosome 21 is reported in a child with a phenotype strongly reminiscent of trisomy 21 syndrome. It is shown to result from duplication of the segment 21q21 leads to 21q22.2. Comparison of the phenotype with that of other partial and total trisomics shows that the characteristic features of the trisomy 21 syndrome (mongolism), the mental retardation in particular - is due to trisomy 21q22.2 and perhaps 21q22.2. | 132,130 | [
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DNA repair and frequency of x-ray and u.v.-light induced chromosome aberrations in leukocytes from patients with Down's syndrome. | DNA-repair and the frequency of chromosome aberration after u.v. and X-ray irradiation was studied on leukocytes from patients with Down's syndrome. The u.v.-induced DNA-repair synthesis was followed by the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in the presence of hydroxyurea. Similar dose-response curves were established for Down's syndrome leukocytes and controls. The cells from patients with Down's syndrome incorporated 70-75% of the activity of control cells at the various doses (32-196 erg/mm.2). This difference was significant for the two highest u.v.-doses (P less than 0-01). The yield of dicentric chromosomes after X-ray exposure (150 rad.) was 35% higher in Down's syndrome leukocytes than in the control cells (P less than 0-001). Combined u.v. and X-ray irradiation caused a twofold increase in the frequency of dicentric chromosomes in control cells, while the increase was only 27% in Down's syndrome leukocytes. This synergistic effect of u.v. and X-ray irradiation on the yield of dicentric chromosomes suggests that healing of X-ray and u.v.-induced DNA lesions may partly utilize the same repair enzymes. The results also indicate that DNA repair mechanisms are impaired in leukocytes from patients with Down's syndrome, which may contribute to the increased incidence of leukemia and the susceptibility to X-ray irradiation in this disorder. | 132,131 | [
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[Comparative study of the antibiotic sensitivity of Proteus hauseri bacteria belonging to different serological groups]. | Sensitivity to 9 antibiotics of 1040 strains of Proteus belonging to the serological groups 03, 05, 06, 07, 010, 011, 013, 023, 024, 026, 027, 028 and 030 was studied. It was found that the above strains were sensitive and highly sensitive to the aminoglycosides and streptomycin, slightly sensitive to levomycetin and resistant to tetracyclines, erythromycin and penicillin. All the strains were polyresistant and 99.6 per cent of them were resistant to 4--9 antibiotics. Ten types of resistance were found. Proteus strains with the resistance type PETOtCht were most common. No relation between the occurrence of the strains of various serological groups and the character and level of their resistance to the antibiotics was found. | 132,135 | [
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Topical vitamin A acid in the treatment of acne vulgaris (a controlled multicenter trial). | A controlled non-blind multicenter trial was conducted in 211 acne patients to test the activity of topical retinoic acid against sulfur-resorcinol--salicylic acid and placebo. Uniform evaluation criteria were used. After 8 weeks' treatment in comparable groups of patients, retinoic acid proved to be superior to the standard and to the placebo. The difference was statistically significant. Side effects were present in a number of patients treated with the active substances and with the placebo (mainly erythema), but rarely was the treatment discontinued. | 132,142 | [
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Placental metabolism of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in normal pregnancy. | An intravenous injection of 50 mg dehydroepiandrosterone was given to 19 women at the 38th week of pregnancy. The concentration of androstenedione, testosterone, oestradiol and oestrone in plasma was measured at intervals following the injection. The concentration of androstenedione and testosterone rose rapidly; reaching a peak after 10 minutes and returning to near baseline level by 30 minutes. Oestradiol rose more slowly, reaching a peak after 45 minutes and being sustained at high levels for 3 1/2 hours before returning slowly to baseline. Oestrone rose yet more slowly and did not reach a peak until 2 1/2 hours after the injection. It is concluded that the steroid responses are too variable from one individual to another for this test to be useful in the clinical assessment of fetal wellbeing but that it was likely to be a powerful tool in the investigation of placental steroid biogenesis. | 132,184 | [
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Inhibition of energy-transducing functions of chloroplast membranes by lipophilic iron chelators. | Lipophilic metal chelators inhibit various energy-transducing functions of chloroplasts. The following observations were made 1. Photophosphorylation coupled to any known mode of electron transfer, i.e. whole-chain noncyclic, the partial noncyclic Photosystem I or Photosystem II reactions, or cyclic, is inhibited by several lipophilic chelators, but not by hydrophilic chelators. 2. The light- and dithioerythritol-dependent Mg2+-ATPase was also inhibited by the lipophilic chelators. 3. Electron transport through either partial reaction. Photosystem I or Photosystem II was not inhibited by lipophilic chelators. Whole-chain coupled electron transport was inhibited by bathophenanthroline, and the inhibition was not reversed by uncouplers. The diketone chelators diphenyl propanedione and nonanedione inhibited the coupled, whole-chain electron transport and the inhibition was reversed by uncouplers, a pattern typical of energy transfer inhibitors. The electron transport inhibition site is localized in the region of platoquinone leads to cytochrome f. This inhibition site is consistent with other recent work (Prince et al. (1975) FEBS Lett. 51, 108 and Malkin and Aparicio (1975) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 63, 1157) showing that a non-heme iron protein is present in chloroplasts having a redox potential near + 290 mV. A likely position for such a component to function in electron transport would be between plastoquinone and cytochrome f. just where our data suggests there to be a functional metalloprotein. 4. Some of the lipophilic chelators induce H+ leakiness in the chloroplast membrane, making interpretation of their phosphorylation inhibition difficult. However, 1-3 mM nonanedione does not induce significant H+ leakiness, while inhibiting ATP formation and the Mg2+-ATPase. Nonanedione, at those concentrations, causes a two- to four-fold increase in the extent of H+ uptake. 5. These results are consistent with, but do not prove, the involvement of a non-heme iron or a metalloprotein in chloroplast energy transduction. | 132,188 | [
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[Vectorcardiography]. | The principle of vectorcardiography is first discussed. The setting out in space is very instructive. An over-valuation of slight vectorcardiographic changes can lead to wrong conclusions. The changes in right hypertrophy may in many cases be important for diagnosis. This is true for cases of intraventricular conduction disturbance and incomplete right bundle branch block. In certain cases of myocardial infarction, the vectorcardiogram can be valuable as additional diagnostic method. Finally the diagnostic possibilities of vectorcardiography in pacemaker patients, contour irregularities of the vector loops, congenital valvular heart disease and ventricular extrasystole, and the question of standardisation are discussed. | 132,212 | [
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[Comparative morphometric data on the epiphysis, the subfornical organ, and the anterior pituitary gland in 2 groups of pure strain Wistar female rats, SPF or conventional]. | In SPF female rats, the pineal gland is less voluminous and its cell-nuclei are smaller than those of conventionnal female rats. This confirms (with the voluminous adrenals previously reported) the stressing action of the absence of pathogenic germs on these animals. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis is slightly smaller and subfornical organ a little larger than in conventionnal female rats. | 132,229 | [
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[Electromyographic analysis of motor perturbations linked with gastrointestinal strongyloidiasis]. | The effects of experimental infection of lambs with third stage Trichostrongylus larvae are described. Preceding diarrhea, disturbances in the motility of the reticulum, abomasum and jejunum were observed by electromyography. Disappearance of the migrating myoelectric complexes occurred about 24 h before diarrhea and was accompanied by a decrease in both the frequency of reticular contractions and of contractions propagated through the antro-duodenal junction. The significance of these findings is discussed and compared with natural infestation in the field. | 132,260 | [
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Decreased ability of blood leukocytes from patients with tumors of the urinary bladder to act as stimulator cells in mixed leukocyte culture. | Blood leukocytes from patients with active neoplasms of the urinary bladder were found to have a decreased ability to stimulate in one-way mixed leukocyte culture (MLC). The ability of the patients' leukocytes to act as stimulator cells in one-way MLC was assessed by simultaneous comparison to the ability of leukocytes from normal individuals to stimulate. In addition, the ability of the patients' leukocytes to act as responder cells in the one-way MLC was evaluated. Cells from 31 (56%) of 55 patients with active disease exhibited subnormal stimulatory activity in the MLC while 26 of these 31 patients (84%) had normal responsiveness. Cells from 9 of the 55 failed to respond normally. Poor stimulation occurred with both early and advanced disease, and the stimulatory activity increased after tumor removal in 12 of 15 patients who had previously shown subnormal stimulation. Six patients without active disease at the time of testing, in addition to the 55, exhibited normal levels of stimulation and responsiveness. This defective stimulatory activity is suggestive of an acquired, disease-related phenomenon and is not necessarily associated with decreased blood leukocyte responsiveness. | 132,272 | [
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[Liver metastases: diagnostic value of blood tests, scintiscanning, and laparoscopy (author's transl)]. | In 90 patients with known extra-hepatic malignancy the liver was examined for metastases. The diagnostic value of clinical information, blood examinations, 99mTc scintiscan, and laparoscopy for the diagnosis of the liver metastases was evaluated. Clinical data (age, sex, time since onset of symptoms and localisation of primary tumor) are of no diagnostic value. The most reliable blood tests are alkaline phosphatase (AP) and GOT. The probability of liver metastastases rises with increasingly abnormal values of AP and GOT. However, the probability is not much greater in cases with highly abnormal values than in cases with only moderate elevation of AP and GOT. Diagnostic accuracy of AP is optimal by using a cutoff point of 76 U/l (sensitivity 79%, specificity 64%). Bilirubin, prothrombin time, haemoglobin and blood sedimentation rate are of very little value. Combinations of AP with these blood tests does not improve diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, it is not useful to determine more blood tests than AP alone. Informed reading of liver scans has a specificity of 75% and a sensitivity of 91%. Blind reading of scans has a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 95%. This diagnostic accuracy cannot be improved by additional blood tests. Laparscopy has a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 95%. Scanning and laparoscopy are complementary methods. When optimal diagnostic accuracy is required both methods should be used. | 132,343 | [
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Nutrition in the practice of pediatric dentistry. | Nutrition is an important aspect of the total environment of a growing child. The dentist should evaluate the nutrition of pediatric patients from the physical parameters of the child including growth, general appearance, posture, muscle control, oral findings, and dietary history. Some common malnutrition problems of the pediatric age group include deficiencies of iron, calcium, vitamins A, C, and D, protein and/or calories, and excess ingestion of calories. The causes of and means of preventing nursing-bottle syndrome are easily preventable in this form of dental caries which has many dental, systemic, and economic consequences. The use of group dynamics as an effective and enjoyable method of teaching preventive dentistry is discussed. | 132,377 | [
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Three new species of Gyrodactylus (Monogenoidea) from Varicorhinus capoeta gracilis (Keyserling) from the River Lenkoranka. | Three new species of Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832 are described from Varicorhinus capoeta gracilis (Keyserling) from the River Lenkoranka (Azebaijan SSR) as follows: G. varicorhini sp. n., G. capoetai sp.n. and G. mikailovi sp.n. | 132,393 | [
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Temperature-dependent transitions of the myosin-product intermediate at 10 degrees during Mn(II)-ATP hydrolysis by myosin from rabbit psoas muscle. | The initial burst of Pi liberation during the hydrolysis of Mn(II)-ATP by heavy meromyosin from rabbit psoas muscle was investigated. Below 10 degrees, the initial burst of Pi liberation was inhibited by the pre-addition of ADP without any change in the steady-state activity, but it was not inhibited above 10 degrees. The burst size was about one mole per mole of heavy meromyosin. The initial burst of Pi liberation in Mg-ATP hydrolysis at 8 degrees, however, was not inhibited by the pre-addition of ADP. These results, obtained with psoas muscle heavy meromyosin, were almost the same as those obtained with heavy meromyosin from rabbit leg and back muscles (Hozumi and Tawada (1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 376, 1-12) and, therefore, indicate that in Mn-ATP above 10 degrees there is at the burst site a predominant myosin -product complex generated by ATP hydrolysis. Similarly, below 10 degrees there is a myosin-product complex identical with the one generated by adding ADP (and Pi) to myosin. | 132,432 | [
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Histones of Neurospora crassa. | Neurospora crassa chromatin isolated by a rapid method minimizing proteolytic degradation contains approximately one weight of acid-extractable basic protein per weight of DNA. This basic protein consists of five major polypeptide species which are similar in size to the histone proteins of higher eukaryotes and are present in approximately the same molar ratios. These five polypeptides have been purified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Their electrophoretic mobilities in polyacrylamide gels and their amino acid compositions indicate that they are histones homologous, although not identical, to the H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histones of mammals. The first 3 residues in the amino acid sequence of Neurospora H3 histone are identical to the first 3 residues in calf and pea H3; Neurospora H1, H2A, and H4 histones have blocked NH2 termini, like their mammalian counterparts. The finding of recognizable H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histones in Neurospora extends the range of eukaryotes now shown to contain a full complement of these strongly conserved chromosomal proteins, and supports the view that histones became involved in chromosome structure at a very early point in the evolution of eukaryotes. | 132,444 | [
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Surgical correction of intertriginous soft corns. | A new surgical technique for the excision of intertriginous soft corns with advancement of the floor of toe webs is presented. | 132,463 | [
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Simultaneous localization of proteoglycan by light and electron microscopy using toluidine blue O. A study of epiphyseal cartilage. | The simultaneous localization of proteoglycan by light and electron microscopy was demonstrated by fixing epiphyseal cartilage in a glutaraldehyde toluidine blue O solution. Sections cut for light microscopy viewing and those cut for electron microscopy required no further staining, although, in the latter case, staining with uranyl acetate and lead improved the overall contrast. By this technique, electron-dense structures were seen concentrated about the cells which were actively synthesizing matrix, and these structures appeared to bind collagen fibrils. Similar structures were not seen in conventionally fixed tissue. They could also not be identified when the specimens were previously incubated with the proteoglycan-digesting enzyme, papain, prior to toluidine blue O fixation. The toluidine blue O fixation method, unlike conventional fixation and staining, retained proteoglycan in the pericellular areas of actively synthesizing cells and made it visible by light and electron microscopy. It appears that proteoglycans is both precipitated and stained by the presence of toluidine blue O during fixation. | 132,503 | [
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... |
Acetylcholine and choline in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea. | Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) levels were measured in patients with Huntington's chorea (N=11), Parkinson's disease (N=8), and subjects at risk for Huntington's chorea (N=4), and all three groups were found not to differ significantly from normal controls (N=10). The values found for lumbar CSF ACh and Ch levels in the normal subjects were comparable with previously reported values. The use of physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, in collecting the CSF samples did not appear to make a difference with regard to ACh and Ch concentrations. Evidence suggesting a ventricular-lumbar gradient, with lumbar CSF Ch concentration being less than ventricular CSF Ch concentration, was found. Finally, ACh levels in CSF did not correlate with corresponding Ch levels. | 132,512 | [
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Scalp hair patterns in mental subnormality. | Scalp hair patterns have been examined in 1901 healthy subjects and 1789 severely subnormal patients. Patients with Down's syndrome had a highly significant excess of midline occipital whorls and a deficit of right-sided occipital whorls. Five out of 44 patients with microcephaly had a distinct 'up-sweep' of the frontal hair, a much lower proportion than found previously. Patients with unspecified mental subnormality had a highly significant deficit of multiple occipital whorls. Cutis verticis gyrata was noted incidentally in 15 subnormal patients, 13 of whom were males. Observation of hair patterns in individual patients with mental subnormality is of theoretical interest but is unlikely to be of great practical value. | 132,531 | [
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Patch aortoplasty for insertion of the porcine heterograft. | The porcine heterograft has been shown to be a very satisfactory replacement for the diseased aortic valve. In certain cases, the advantage of a low thromboembolism rate without anticoagulation must be weighed against the suboptimal orifice size noted in the smallest heterografts. In using the largest replacement possible, the surgeon may encounter difficulty with closure of the aortotomy. Patch aortoplasty, as used in the 4 cases reported here, allows implantation of a larger heterograft. The technique is simple and adds little time to the operation. In selected cases, enlargement of the aortic root should result in better long-term hemodynamic performance. | 132,580 | [
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[Pathophysiological implications of antigen-antibody complexes (author's transl)]. | Seventy years after the description of the Arthus phenomenon, the concept of immune complex mediated pathology is widely recognized in clinical pathophysiology. The availability of methods for the detection of soluble immune complexes opens new paths for clinical investigation in this field. This is demonstrated for systemic lupus erythematosus, viral hepatitis B and herpes zoster disease. New experimental approaches deal with the question of tissue localization of immune complex mediated diseases, e.g. through affinity of antigens for certain tissue structures. | 132,628 | [
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Developments in histocompatibility testing. | Recent progress in HLA typing involves new methods which allow typing for MLC (mixed lymphocyte culture) and Ia (immune associated) antigens. These antigens seem to play a major role in transplant rejection in HLA non-immunised patients. When the new typing methods eventually become applied in matching of kidneys it seems likely that the results of kidney transplantation will be significantly improved. | 132,660 | [
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Hyperglycemic activity of some non-nitrosated streptozotocin analogs. | Six non-nitrosated and three nitrosated analogs of the antitumor and diabetogenic agent, streptozotocin, have been found to produce hyperglycemia in fasted rats. The hyperglycemia produced by the non-nitrostaed analogs was of early onset and did not result in the production of permanent diabetes. The data emphasizes the important role of the nitroso group of streptozotocin in the production of the hypoglycemic and permanent diabetic phases while the sugar moiety may have a direct influence on production of the early hyperglycemia phase. | 132,666 | [
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Effect of deoxycorticosterone acetate and 16beta-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone on blood pressure and plasma renin activity of rats. | Intact female Sprague-Dawley rats were given daily injections of either 3.125 mg of deoxycorticosterone or 5.0 mg of 16beta-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone, calculated from the activities reported for each to be equivalent mineralocorticoid dosages. The former caused hypertension, cardiorenal enlargement, increased urine output and depressed PRA. Treatment with 16beta-OH-DHEA had no such effect, raising questions regarding its classification as a mineralocorticoid. | 132,667 | [
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Enhancement of insulin secretion by human chorionic somatomammotropin and related hormones. | Hypophysectomized rats were treated for 6 days with 200 mug per day of either human chorionic somatomammotropin, human pituitary growth hormone, plasmin-modified human pituitary growth hormone, or ovine prolactin. All hormone preparations except ovine prolactin enhanced the ability of the pancreases of hypophysectomized rats to secrete insulin in the isolated pancreas perfusion system. | 132,669 | [
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Copulation in noncopulators: effect of PCPA in male rats. | Twenty eight virgin male rats who failed to mount spontaneously on four successive mating tests were randomly assigned to two equal groups. One group received four daily injections of PCPA (100 mg/kg-IP), and the other, four vehicle injections. About 24 hr after the last injection all rats were subjected to a mating test. Eight rats of the PCPA group and only two of the vehicle, started to copulate. The difference is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tail). The 18 rats that did not start to copulate, failed to do so also on a repeated test a week later, and were then given four additional daily injections of PCPA. Sixteen of them started to copulate on the following mating test. Most of the rats copulated successfully on additional mating tests that took place three to eight weeks later, in the absence of further PCPA treatment. | 132,671 | [
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Gastrointestinal blood loss on phenylbutazone and feprazone. | Feprazone, a new anti-inflammatory drug, is a useful antirheumatic preparation which causes little gastrointestinal upset. This short cross-over study shows no significant gastrointestinal blood loss with either feprazone or phenylbutazone by the red-cell chromium-51 labelling method. | 132,693 | [
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Muscle fiber composition in patients with traumatic cord lesion. | Muscle fiber composition and oxidative and glycolytic enzymatic activity have been studied with complete traumatic transection of the spinal cord and spastic paralysis of the lower extremities. Muscle sample were taken by means of needle biopsy from the vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. Biopsies were also taken for comparison from the deltoid muscle. Fibers staining darkly for alkaline stable myofibrillar ATP-ase (type II) dominated or were the only fibers identified in the paralysed muscles. The deltoid muscles of the same patients had a rather even mixture of type I and II fibers. Staining pattern was reversed after acid preincubation (pH 4.3). Mean diameters in the paralysed muscles were reduced for both fiber types. All fibers stained relatively weakly for NADH-diaphorase. Succinyldehydrogenase activity was low and phosphofructokinase activity usually moderately reduced. The findings imply that neuronal influence on the muscular fibers had led to a change in the staining characteristics of the muscle fibers. Such a change migh indicate altered contractile characteristics, though the detailed nature of the observed findings in still unclear. | 132,700 | [
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[Aging--risk factor for arteriosclerosis]. | The changes of the arteries appearing diffusely caused by ageing as a rule favour the development of the focal arteriosclerotic changes. Already due to the increasing blood lipid level the ageing vessel is exposed to increased loads. It is more difficult for it to cope with them, since caused by ageing the cell functions of endothelium, intima and adjacent media decrease, whereas the diffundibility increases. The alterations of the mucopolysaccharide spectre in old age also render difficult the maintenance of the integrity of the arterial wall. The decrease of the distensibility of the arterial wall, partly consequence of increasing cross-linking, partly expression of senile fibrosis, is partially compensated by dilatation of the vascular tube. When arteriosclerotic beds supervene on account of solidification caused by old age additional difficulties appear. On principle the genuine changes caused by old age smooth the way for the development of arteriosclerotic changes. | 132,778 | [
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The significance of intraventricular electrocardiogram in artificial heart pacing. Observations made on 232 patients. | From 1972-1975, 232 consecutive patients suffering from A/V block were paced intravenously in the Cardiac Department. Medical School, University of Athens. Of these, 124 were female and 108 male. Their age range was between 49 and 85 years. Besides fluoroscopic and threshold control, the intraventricular electrocardiogram (E.C.G.)., recorded from the tip of the electrode, was used as a guide for the accurate positioning of the catheter-electrode in the right ventricle. An injury pattern with an elevation of the ST segment of at least 3 mV and characteristic and steady morphology was obtained when the electrode tip was satisfactorily impacted in the right position. As a consequence of this, an initial stimulation threshold below 0.7 mA was obtained in all cases and pacing failure, due to catheter displacement was noted in only 11 cases (5%), without any apparent increase in the incidence of right ventricular perforation. | 132,833 | [
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Protein synthesis in heart mitochondria: mechanism and metabolic aspects. | A short review is given with respect to the status quo of the knowledge of mitochondrial protein synthesis in mammalian tissues. The inhibitory effects of antibiotic such as chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol are discussed from the point of possible complications for cardiac metabolism. It is shown that a decrease of the activity of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of the respiratory chain, caused an increase in the production of lactate, if beating heart cells are cultured in the presence of chloramphenicol. In vivo treatment of rabbits with the chloramphenicol analogue thiamphenicol causes a strong fall in the cytochrome aa3 content of the hearts. The results are discussed in the light of the possible implications for cardiac function and metabolism in man. | 132,834 | [
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Acupuncture and transcutaneous electric stimulation in the treatment of chronic sacrolumbalgia and ischialgia. | A comparison was made between 50 patients treated with acupuncture and 50 patients treated with transcutaneous electric stimulation. All patients suffered from chronic sacrolumbalgia or ischialgia of more than six months' duration. Two to 10 treatments were given at weekly sessions, the mean being 5 in both groups. Stimulation points were selected by the same principle in both groups: one point along the course of the nerve trunk affected, and one point at a dermatome proximal to the affected segment. The stimulation was given bilaterally. Needles were inserted as deep as the muscular layer and twirled at 5 min intervals. In the electric stimulation square-wave impulses of 1.0 msec duration and 50 Hz frequency were used. The electrodes were 0.9 cm in diameter. Each acupuncture and electric stimulation was of 20 min duration. Pain relief was complete or moderate in the acupuncture group in 58% of the cases, and in 46% in the electric stimulation group. After 2 months 30 patients in the acupuncture group and 23 patients in the electric stimulation group still reported satisfactory relief of pain. After 6 months 15 patients in the acupuncture group and 10 patients in the electric stimulation group still reported satisfactory relief of pain. | 132,863 | [
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Muscle damage produced by chronic alcohol consumption. | The effects of chronic alcohol consumption on skeletal muscle, independent of nutritional factors, were studied. Chronic alcohol ingestion led to striking ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle, including intracellular edema, enlarged and distorted mitochondria, dilatation of sarcoplasmic reticulum, and increased amounts of fat and glycogen. Actomyosin was isolated from skeletal muscle of baboons and volunteers fed alcohol. In this preparation, ATPase activity and the calcium sensitivity of ATPase were decreased. The isolated actomyosin displayed reduced contractility in vitro, measured by the association of actin and myosin and the response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). In 2 of 3 volunteers, isolated membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum exhibited decreased calcium uptake. The pressure-rate product was increased in some of the volunteers after submaximal or maximal work. The changes decribed in this study were found after alcohol administration had been discontinued, and they may play a role in the development of alcoholic myopathy and cardiomyopathy. | 132,869 | [
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The effort to rehabilitate workers' compensation. | State workers' compensation laws have been subjected to criticism since their inception; pressure to change them is now increasing. Most of the current challenge arise from dissatisfaction with the level of benefits available to disabled workers or their survivors, and, to a lesser degree, with the extent of program coverage. In response to this challenge, changes will occur that my range from reform-simply raising benefit levels and extending coverage-to program redesign, implying major structural revisions or abolishment of the system. For several reasons, including public apathy, the role of interest groups, and experience with other social insurance programs, it seems likely that basic structural shifts will not occur in the near future. While the criticism of these state laws is widespread, the problems can be dealt with in the existing framework. One area, however, could conceivably arouse sufficient public and legislative interest to upset this forecast. If it develops that the system is excluding large numbers of individuals disabled or killed by occupational diseases, workers' compensation laws could be placed in jeopardy. While evidence on this is scarce, it is clear that the current system compensates only a small number of serious cases of disability arising from occupational diseases. | 132,873 | [
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Immunologic reactions in penicillin factory workers. | One hundred sixty-nine employees of a synthetic penicillin plant participated in this study to correlate immunologic reactions, allergic symptomatology and dustiness of the work area. Statistically significant positive correlations existed among the following: (1)presence or absence of symptomatology and increasing dustiness of the work area; (2)presence or absence of symptoms and the presence or absence of benzyl-penicilloyl specific hemagglutinating antibody (BPO-specific antibody); (3)the absence, presence and level of titer of BPO-specific antibody with the dustiness of the work area. Because synthetic penicillin dust in the workroom air is able to evoke immunologic responses and produce symptoms among workers exposed to high levels, it is recommended that a reasonable air level for penicillin in factories be in the range of those demonstrated in the least symptomatic group in the study with measurements below 0.1 mg/m3. | 132,880 | [
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Improved method of assay for choline. | A modified assay for choline is described which is shorter, yields more consistent responses, and requires considerably less time, space, and equipment than the existing assays. | 132,893 | [
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Disabled counselors: perception of their effectiveness in a therapeutic relationship. | It has not been delineated how a disabled person is viewed when interacting with another person. The present study investigated subject perception of a counselor in a wheelchair who was seen in a video-taped counseling interview. Subject degree of body satisfaction was measured to assess the importance of this variable in the perception. Evaluation of the counselor was by the Barett-Lennard Relationship Inventory that measures four dimensions of a relationship: emphatic understanding, positive regard, unconditional regard and congruence. Results suggest that a counselor in a wheelchair is perceived more favorably than an able-bodied counselor along three of these dimensions and female subjects perceive him more favorably than male subjects do. Degree of body satisfaction does not seem to be a factor in this perception. | 132,910 | [
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[Cytologic diagnosis of stomach polyps]. | Cytological and cytochemical studies of smears, taken during gastrofibroscopy in 36 patients with polyps of the stomach, with the aim to ascertain cytological and cytochemical characteristics of gastric polyps depending upon their histological structure were carried out. It was established that in the case of simple glandular polyps, because of nonspecificity of morphological changes in the stomachal epithelium, a cytological investigation in establishing clinical diagnosis plays a secondary role; the presence of goblet cells in smears makes it possible to verify polyps by means of enterolysis; identification in smears of cells of the proliferating epithelium, possessing a set of pathognomic signs, enables one to diagnose cytologically a corresponding form of polyps. | 132,912 | [
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[Oil keratoses and scrotal cancer, an avoidable occupational disease of the metal turner]. | Report of a 39 year old lathe worker which suffered from oil acne 10 years ago. The disease was registrated as occupational dermatosis. It healed up after the patient changed to a plant with better conditions of work. Pitch warts on the scrotum remained and were failed to notice. Multiple scrotal carcinomas developed many years later. The case report illustrates the necessity of regularly control examinations of every patient which was suffering from oil acne, and the importance of occupational hygienic conditions for the development of oil acne and lathe turner cancer. | 132,929 | [
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... |
Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans of human chondrosarcoma. | The glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans of a human chondrosarcoma have been studied. Glycosaminoglycans were fractionated and identified by cetylpirdium chloride (CPC) cellulose chromatography, ECTEOLA cellulose ion-exchange chromatography and electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. Proteoglycans were extracted by low ionic strength solutions and by 4 M guanidinium chloride and fractioned by equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation and gel chromatography on Sepharose 2B. The tumour matrix contained both the 4- and 6-sulphate isomers of chondroitin sulphate and a high concentration (12% of hexosamine) of hyaluronic acid. Proteoglycans were poor in carbohydrate moieties and proportion were capable of aggregation. Amino acid analysis of the fractionated proteoglycans suggested the presence of a single protein core. A substance with the characteristic amino acid composition of glycoprotein link was recovered from the top of the dissociative density gradient. | 132,969 | [
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A method for the quantitative determination of urinary glycosaminoglycans. | A method is presented by which the urinary glycosaminoglycans can be isolated in a macromolecular fraction with complete recovery by preparative gel filtration. The urinary glycosaminoglycans can be quantitated by determinations of uronic acid and sulfaminohexose in the macromolecular fraction. Using untreated, random urine specimens of less than 5 ml volume, clinical mucopolysaccharidoses types I, II, and III could be readily distinguished. | 133,005 | [
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Pyrogen fever in rabbits pretreated with p-chlorophenylalanine or 5, 6-dihydroxytryptamine. | The hyperthermic effect of a bacterial pyrogen has been studied in rabbits pretreated or not with p-chlorophenylalanine or 5, 6-dihydroxytryptamine. The results obtained indicate that a selective reduction of cerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine levels by these drugs do not significantly affect pyrogen hypertermia. | 133,031 | [
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Studies of tryptophan and albumin metabolism in a patient with carcinoid syndrome, pellagra, and hypoproteinemia. | Detailed studies of protein metabolism were undertaken in a patient with pellagra and hypoproteinemia associated with the carcinoid syndrome both before and after treatment. The synthesis of albumin improved from 82 mg per kg per day to 135 mg per kg per day with little change in the daily excretion of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid. After treatment with nicotinamide the patient made good progress with a complete resolution of the signs of pellagra and protein malnutrition. These results support the hypothesis that a reduced availability of the essential amino acid L-tryptophan may limit the synthesis of albumin and nicotinic acid in patients with the carcinoid syndrome who become anoretic. | 133,045 | [
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Intrafusal fibre types in rat limb muscle spindles: morphological and histochemical characteristics. | Morphological, histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of intrafusal fibre types were studied in rat muscle spindles. The existence of three intrafusal fibre types, namely the typical bag, the intermediate bag and the chain fibres was confirmed. Intrafusal fibres differ in diameter, length and number of nuclei in the equatorial zone. Histochemically, typical bag fibres exhibit both alkali- and acid-stable ATPase activity and low SDH activity. Intermediate bag fibres possess low alkali-stable ATPase activity; after acid-preincubation, however, they have low activity only in the juxtaequatorial region, whereas in the polar zones they exhibit high acid-stable ATPase activity. The SDH activity varies from moderate to high. The chain fibres exhibit high alkali-stable and low acid-stable ATPase and high SDH activity in the extensor digitorum longus muscle, whereas in the soleus muscle the acid-stable ATPase activity varies from a low one to a high one, either among individual chain fibres in one spindle, and/or repeatedly along the fibre length. Since there are regional differences in morphological characteristics and in staining properties of intrafusal fibres, a reliable identification of intrafusal fibre types can only be achieved by an analysis of serial sections. | 133,085 | [
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Retention and degradation of 125I-insulin by perfused livers from diabetic rats. | The retention of degradation of insulin by isolated perfused liver have been examined. Noncyclically perfused livers from streptozotocin-diabetic rats retained 25% and degraded 10% of 125I-insulin administered as a 1-min pulse. On gel filtration (Sephadex G50F), the degradation products released into the vascular effluent eluted in the salt peak. During the 45-min interval after the end of the 125I-insulin infusion, 0.19% of the total dose was excreted in the bile. 60-90% of this material consisted of iodinated, low-molecular-weight degradation products. Inclusion of native insulin with the 125I-insulin in the pulse depressed both the retention and degradation of iodinated material; however, this reflected increased retention and degradation of the total insulin dose (125I-insulin plus native hormone). The log of the total amounts of insulin retained and degraded were linearly related to the log of the total amount of insulin infused at concentrations between 12.7 nM and 2.84 muM. Increasing the amount of native insulin in the infused pulse also depressed the total amount of iodinated material found in the bile and led to the appearance in the bile of intermediate-sized degradation products that did not simultaneously appear in the vascular effluent. Addition of high concentrations of glucagon to the infused 125I-insulin had no effect on the retention or degradation of the labeled hormone, or on the apparent size and amount of iodinated degradation products found in the vascular effluent or in the bile. Preinfusion of concanavalin A inhibited both 125I-insulin retention and degradation. A greater depression by concanavalin A of degradation than binding was also observed with isolated hepatocytes. In contrast to 125I-insulin, the retention and degradation of two iodinated insulin analogues of relative low biological potency, proinsulin and desalanyl-desasparaginyl insulin, were small. The amount of radioactivity appearing in the bile after infusion of these analogues was almost negligible. However, degradation products of these analogues that appeared in the bile and in the vascular effluent was qualitatively similar to those found after the infusion of 125I-insulin. Our findings suggest that the rapid initial uptake of 125I-insulin after its infusion into noncyclically perfused liver, as well as its subsequent degradation, behaves in a qualitatively similar fashion to the binding of 125I-insulin and its degradation by isolated rat hepatocytes. This uptake and the subsequent phase of degradation may be attributable to binding of insulin at specific recognition sites, preliminary to its transfer to a degradative site(s) presumed to be located inside the cell. | 133,120 | [
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Intrarenal distribution and ATPase inhibiting activity of ouabain in dogs. | Experiments were undertaken to substantiate the hypothesis that the mechanism of the direct effect of ouabain on the renal excretion of electrolytes is the result of inhibition of the transport enzyme, (Na, K)-ATPase. In dogs hydrated with saline, an injection of 3H-ouabain into the unilateral renal artery produced a continuing marked increase in excretion of water and sodium from the kidney, but not from the counter kidney. At maximal diuresis--90 min after ouabain injection, both kidneys were removed to assay microsomal ATPase activity and determine radioactivity distributed in subcellular structures. It was demonstrated that 3H-ouabain was deposited in the microsome fraction obtained from the injected kidney in concentrations ranging from 10(-7) to 10(-6) M/kg wet weight, and (Na, K)-ATPase activity of this fraction was inhibited as compared with that of the microsomal fraction obtained from control kidneys. Since (Na, K)-ATPase activity of renal microsomes was significantly inhibited in vitro by more than 10(-7) M of ouabain, ouabain concentration in microsomes obtained from the injected kidney was considered to be sufficient to inhibit ATPase activity. These findings indicate that ouabain diuresis under the present condition is closely related to direct inhibitory effect of ouabain on (Na, K)-ATPase activity of microsomes in tubular cells. | 133,262 | [
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[Paraiotonchium osiris (Iontonchiinae : Tylenchida), a new species of nematode of the zoophilic fly, Musca osiris Wd]. | The description and figures are given to the nematode Paraiotonchium osiris sp. n. parasitic in the body cavity of Musca osiris and in the genital organs of the host females from Turkmenia. Two morphologically different generations of nematodes, gamagenetic and parthenogenetic ones, develop in the body cavity of the insects. Juvenile females of the gamagenetic generation: n=11; L=474.6 to 587.6; a=15.02 to 22.1; c=5.23 to 6.97; V=(71.5 to 77.7); St=13.0 to 16.1. Mature parasitic females of the gamagenetic generation: n=14; L=1028.3 to 2695.1; a=8.79 to 18.04; c=8.51 to 15.9; V=(76.2 to 84.6); St=21.0 to 27.0. Parasitic females of the parthenogenetic generation: n=7; L=813.6 to 1412.5; a=8.24 to 13.15; c=9.94 to 17.92; V=(88.2 to 91.9); St=14.0 to 16.5. Males: n=30; L=469.2 to 803.8; a=17.0 to 29.12; c=4.5 to 6.99; St=7.5 to 14.0; Sp (d)=18.4 to 23.0; Sp (pr)=34.5 to 41.4; T=(62.41 to 83.57). The new species differs from two other members of the genus Paraiotonchium in the structure of the spicules (a longer distal portion) and a larger bursa in males. A key to the species of the genus Paraiotonchium is given. | 133,319 | [
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A defect in tryptophan metabolism. | Oral tryptophan loading tests were performed in a patient with photosensitive pellagra-like skin rash and cerebellar ataxia but without hyperaminoaciduria. Plasma tryptophan concentrations after loading were similar in the patient and control subjects. Average urinary excretion of tryptophan in the patient from 0 to 6 and 6 to 12 hr was 2.69 and 2.58 mumol/kg, respectively; that in the control subjects was 0.82 and 0.34 mumol/kg, respectively. However, the average renal clearance of tryptophan during the first 6 hr of the loading tests in the patient was 0.757 ml plasma/1.73 m2 and that in the control subjects was 0.706 ml plasma/1.73 m2. Renal excretion of kynurenine in the patient was markedly decreased. The average from 0 to 6 and 6 to 12 hr in the patient was 1.90 and 1.13 mumol/kg, respectively; that in the control subjects was 12.90 and 18.15 mumol/kg, respectively. Under ultraviolet light, paper chromatograms of urine from the patient showed a deficiency of xanthurenic acid, kynurenic acid, kynurenine, and formylkynurenine. The deficiency of formylkynurenine in the patient's urine was confirmed by staining the paper chromatograms with Ehrlich's reagent. The patient was "sensitive" to oral nicotinic acid treatment; however, oral nicotinamide was well tolerated with improvement in the photosensitive skin rash. | 133,325 | [
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Fetal lung lecithin metabolism in the glucose-intolerant Rhesus monkey pregnancy. | Fetal lung lecithin metabolism was examined in rhesus monkey gestations complicated by glucose intolerance secondary to maternal streptozotocin (STZ) administration. Fetuses of STZ-treated mothers were delivered at 85% to 89% of term and were compared to two control groups of fetuses from normal pregnancies--one group age-matched to the STZ pregnancies, and the other composed of fetuses delivered in the final 10% of gestation. In the glucose-intolerant pregnancies, two measures of fetal lung lecithin biosynthesis--the amniotic fluid lecithin-to-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and the rate of 14C-choline incorporation into lecithin in fetal lung slices--were significantly greater than in age-matched normal gestations and were similar to results in late-gestation controls. However, lung lecithin concentrations in the glucose-intolerant group were comparable to the age-matched controls, and both were significantly less than in the late-gestation controls. Since the gestational age, mode of delivery, and fetal acid-base status were the same in the age-matched groups, we conclude that these changes in fetal lung lecithin metabolism are due to the effects of maternal glucose intolerance. | 133,326 | [
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[Epidemiology of acute leukemia of childhood in Greece (author's transl)]. | A retrospective study of 151 aged less than 15 years children suffering from acute leukaemia is reported, the parameters studied were male: female ratio, type of leukemia, age and seasonal distribution of the illness. The disease started in spring in 53 children (35,1%), in summer in 34 (22,6%), in autumn in 36 (23,8%) and in winter in 28 (18,5%). The difference between spring and winter was statistically highly significant (X2 = 10,54, P less than 0,005). Sixty two children (41%) were 3-5 years old. The male female ratio was 1.75. The disease was of the acute lymphoblastic type in 88,1% of the cases. | 133,334 | [
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[Homozygosity and atypical myeloproliferative syndrome (author's transl)]. | An abnormal clone with four chromosomal rearrangements was found in the bone marrow of a patient with an atypical myeloproliferative syndrome and with an almost exclusive polymorphonuclear hyperplasia in blood: t (4;12), i(17 q),20q--. An heterozygosity for a normal variant of one chromosome No. 3 was observed in blood cell cultures. In bone marrow however both chromosomes No. 3 had the same Q-banding patterns. A mechanism of somatic segregation may explain this partial homozygosity. | 133,336 | [
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Preparation of enterochelin from Escherichia coli. | A convenient method has been developed for the preparation of enterochelin, the natural iron carrier produced by Escherichia coli. The method employs a mutant strain which is unable to transport the ferric-enterochelin complex into the cell and which excretes large quantities of enterochelin into the culture medium. The addition of excess iron to the medium allows the enterochelin to accumulate as the ferric-enterochelin complex which is purified by ion-exchange chromatography and then dissociated and the free enterochelin further purified by differential extraction and crystallization. The enterochelin is isolated in good yield and appears to be of high purity as judged by a number of criteria. | 133,343 | [
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Effect of 6-azauridine on calcium metabolism in rats. | After 12 days of intramuscular administration of 6-azauridine (500 mg/kg b.w.) rats displayed a significant decrease in plasma calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and total hydroxyproline levels and alkaline and acid phosphatase activity. The biological method employed revealed no changes in calcitonin activity. 6-Azauridine reduced the citric acid concentration in the kidneys, liver, heart and bones. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the kidneys, heart and liver was unaffected. The results indicate that 6-azauridine inhibits calcium resorption from the bones and interferes with collagen synthesis. It cannot be ruled out that the described changes are elicited by the antimetabolic effect of this cytostatic drug. | 133,364 | [
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Reduction of alcohol selection by pargyline in mice. | Drugs which increase brain levels of serotonin (5-HT) have frequently been found to cause a decrease in voluntary ethanol consumption. Results obtained with parachlorophenylalanine (pCPA), which decreases 5-HT, have been less consistent. The present investigation compared the effects of pCPA on alcohol selection with those of pargyline, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor which increases brain levels of 5-HT. Ingestion of a 10% ethanol solution was assessed in male C57BL/6J mice given daily injections of 250 or 300 mg/kg pCPA, 50 mg/kg pargyline, or saline. An additional control group received no treatment. A two-bottle preference procedure was employed, and ethanol and water intake were recorded during a pretreatment period (11 days), a treatment period (8 days), and a posttreatment period (10 days). Like other agents which increase 5-HT, parygyline produced a depression in ethanol intake which lasted beyond the time of drug administration. pCPa had no effect on ethanol ingestion either during the period of drug administration or afterwards. | 133,369 | [
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[Preservation of rat liver using prolonged perfusion with a complex solution lacking hemoglobin]. | The author's aim was to investigate conservation of rat liver by continuous perfusion of the isolated organ in conditions of normal temperature, as well as in hypothermia. A complex solution was used, lacking hemoglobin. Over a period of 5 hours of conservation the authors evaluated the perfusion rate, the concentration of lactate and pyruvate in the conservation medium, while on histological preparations was investigated the formation of fibrin deposits in the intra-hepatic vessels. The results confirmed the positive effects of hypothermia, that is not due exclusively to a limiting of the metabolic necessities of the organ but also to a reduction of the fibrinogenesis and a slowing down of the formation of intra-hepatic microaggregates. | 133,378 | [
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[The place of total nephro-ureterectomy in the treatment of urinary tuberculosis]. | Taking into consideration the frequency of urethral lesions in the frame of uro-genital tuberculosis, and their serious effects on the renal tissue it becomes apparent that either conservative or radical surgical therapies should be applied when their extension make it mandatory. Besides prevention of development, or of the maintenance of vesical lesions can be obtained. On the basis of a statistic covering 1 440 cases of renal tuberculosis a total figure of 492 nephrectomies is found and 130 total nephro-uretherectomies. The transperitoneal pathway is suggested, that does not imply any risks and generally characterized by a benign post-operative evolution, which allows also for the simultaneous solution of eventual tuberculous genital lesions, both in men and in women. | 133,397 | [
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[Orthopedic surgery in children with low intelligence quotients]. | 53 mentally retarded children (IQ lower than 50) sustained orthopaedic procedures for improving locomotion. In this series the authors operated on 26 feet, 6 knees, 22 hips, 8 spines. One only case was operated on the upper limb. Results are carefully analysed. Complete failures were noted in 9 cases. The importance of the postoperative care was emphasized. It seemed more beneficial to operate on several sites in one single stage instead of multiplying surgical operations. Psychological factors in the family and nursing staff must be carefully considered. | 133,419 | [
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[Distribution of subtypes of viral hepatitis B antigen in areas of Rumania]. | The results of subtyping the B antigen in 551 sera from patients with viral hepatitis, chronic evolutive hepatitis and cirrhosis, chronic carriers, donors and healthy subjects, were confirmed as positive HBAg by diffusion in agar, counterelectrophoresis and radioimmunology, and characterized by the d-y and w-r determinants by rheophoresis. The high incidence of the y determinant in all nine counties investigated probably reflects the prevalence of this serotype in Romania, recalling the distribution of subtypes observed in the south of Europe. | 133,442 | [
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-0.1056045,
... |
[Study of purified aldolase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using irradiated fructose-1,6-diphosphate]. | The interaction of an electromagnetic field with the enzymatic substrate-- the sodium salt of fructose-1,6-disphosphate--induces in the latter a new type of physical transition S leads to S. The enzyme, in this case Saccharomyces cerevisiae aldolase, is able to reveal this new state of the substrate by an increase in its specific activity within well established irradiation times. Each enzyme is characterized by the tm (minimal irradiation time of the substrate) a tau (fixed time period) parameters that delimit the two signals. Purified S. cerevisiae aldolase has tm=5 sec. and tau=20 sec., in contrast to muscle aldolase (represented by class I aldolase) which has tm=15 sec. and tau=30 sec. This may be attributed to the fact that most of the enzymatic systems in S. cerevisiae are made up of several distinct molecular forms, involved in more metabolic pathways than in the animal tissue, therefore with various responses to the phenomenon of perturbation of the substrates. | 133,446 | [
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... |
[Calculation of the chance of paternity exclusion for the HL-A system (author's transl)]. | Using a theoretical model formulas for the calculation of the chance of paternity exclusion for 2 closely linked autosomal loci with multiple allelism between which linkage disequilibrium exists are presented. With some examples their practicability for the HL-A system is shown. | 133,546 | [
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... |
Atrial myxoma in a family. | A family is described in which the mother and three of seven children had atrial myxoma. The mother had biatrial myxoma; surgical treatment resulted in massive intraoperative embolization and death. Surgery was sucessful in two sons with left atrial myxoma and systemic arterial embolization. A third son had calcified right atrial myxoma with destruction of the tricuspid valve and episodes of syncope and pulmonary embolism; surgery including valve replacement, was successful. The mother's father and a brother had died suddenly without a definite diagnosis. The family data are consistent with dominant transmission. The possibility of finding affected relatives should be borne in mind when studying patients with atrial myxoma. | 133,607 | [
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0.1266709,
0.4148429,
0.1036939,
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... |
Extrathoracic repair of branch occlusions of the aortic arch. | Thirty extrathoracic operations in twenty-six patients with occlusive disease involving the primary branches of the aortic arch were reviewed. Spanning a fourteen year experience, these operations included carotid-subclavian artery bypass, retrograde common carotid artery thrombectomy, carotid-carotid artery bypass, and femoral-axillary artery bypass. Dacron bypass grafts were used primarily for reconstruction, but saphenous vein bypass and endarterectomy were also employed. Indications for operation, the presence of concomitant cardiovascular disease, surgical technics, patient survival, and late patency of the reconstructions were reviewed. One patient died postoperatively (3.85 per cent). All Dacron grafts were patent on late follow-up examinations. Low mortality and excellent late functional results make extrathoracic repair the approach of choice in the management of occlusive disease of the branches of the aortic arch. | 133,620 | [
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0.01098268,
0.349795,
0.349862,
0.02460353... |
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of 6-chloro-alpha-methyl-carbazole-2-acetic acid (C-5720). | The carbazole, C-5720, has the same order of analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity as indomethacin and is more potent than phenylbutazone and acetylsalicylic acid in the yeast inflamed paw, the carrageenin foot edema, the Mycobacterium butyricum-induced pyrexia, and the acute and chronic adjuvant arthritis tests. In chronic adjuvant arthritis in rats, C-5720 lowers the elevated serum mucopolysaccharide and plasma fibrinogen levels, and partially restores the depressed liver N-demethylase activity. C-5720 is 16 times less active than indomethacin in the production of gastric ulcers in rats and is about 70 times less active than indomethacin in blocking arachidonic acid-induced diarrhea in mice. C-5720 has a greater safety margin than indomethacin with respect to the production of gastric ulcers or the blockade of diarrhea and the reduction of inflammation in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis. | 133,645 | [
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0.6915065,
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0.1433215,
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Parachlorophenylalanine reversal of tranylcypromine effects in depressed patients. | Hospitalized bipolar and unipolar endogenously depressed patients who showed an antidepressant response to the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, tranylcypromine sulfate, relapsed (ie, depression returned) when relatively small doses of parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) were added for brief periods. Considered together with our findings that PCPA similarly reversed the antidepressant effects of the tricyclic drug, imipramine hydrochloride, implications are (1) serotonergic mechanisms are likely involved in the antidepressant effects of both the tricyclic drugs and MAO inhibitors in man and (2) this indolamine may also play a role in the endogenous clinical state of depression. | 133,650 | [
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0.2930683,
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0.2101885,
-0.1698204... |
Acute immune complex disease associated with hepatitis. Etiopathogenic and immunopathologic studies of the renal lesion. | Immune deposit glomerulonephritis has been associated with hepatitis B antigenemia. Immune complexes of this antigen and its antibody have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the renal disease. A boy had acute immune complex disease with glomerulitis in which cryoprecipitable complexes of HbsAg and its antibody were isolated from serum. HbsAg was concentrated in the cryoprecipitate and localized in a granular pattern along the glomerular basement membrane in association with immunoglobulins. Glomerular fixed antibody was eluted and shown to be directed against HbsAg. The level of antibody activity to HbsAg was higher in the eluate than the serum, suggesting immunopathogenic specificity of the antibody. The study demonstrates that the nephritis was mediated by immune complexes of HbsAg and its antibody, and the presence of immunoglobulin on the kidney did not represent trapping from the circulation. | 133,651 | [
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0.2797562,
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... |
Control of rat mammary-gland pyruvate dehydrogenase by insulin and prolactin. | Withdrawal of prolactin or of insulin from the circulation of lactating rats leads, within 3h, to increased inactivation by phosphorylation of mammary-gland pyruvate dehydrogenase. Prolactin may act by priming the tissue to respond directly to normal concentrations of circulating insulin and by this means be responsible for the increased activation of the enzyme during the course of normal lactation. | 133,680 | [
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0.04... |
Polycystic ovarian disease. | Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) capacity was reduced in 9 of 31 patients with polycystic ovarian (PCO) disease and the mean level in PCO patients was significantly less (p less than 0.001) than normal. Serum testosterone levels were elevated in 21 of 32 PCO patients and the mean level was significantly elevated (p less than 0.001). Serum androstenedione values were raised in 17 of 31 patients and the mean value was also significantly raised (p less than 0.001). Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS) concentrations were elevated in only 2 of 14 patients. Urinary 17-oxo and 17-oxogenic steroids were normal in all patients studied. Basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were normal but LH release following injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was enhanced. A highly significant negative correlation (r=--0.449; p less than 0.01) was found between the logarithm of testosterone and the logarithm of LH levels. Serum prolactin concentrations were elevated in 4 of 21 PCO patients. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values were normal. Eighteen of 20 patients ovulated following treatment with clomiphene and nine became pregnant. Five of 12 of patients treated with oestrogen/progesterone preparations noticed an improvement in their hirsutism. It is suggested that the normal cyclical release of LH is inhibited in PCO disease by a negative feedback by androgens to the hypothalamus or the pituitary, and that wedge resection should be reserved for patients in whom other forms of treatment have failed. | 133,709 | [
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... |
Molecular weights and hydrophobicity of the polypeptide chain of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium(II) adenosine triphosphatase and of its primary tryptic fragments. | The polypeptide chain of the Ca2+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase from sarcoplasmic reticulum has a molecular weight of 119 000+/-6500 on the basis of sedimentation equilibrium measurements in sodium dodecyl sulfate. The two primary fragments obtained by limited proteolysis each have within experimental error the same molecular weight, corresponding to one-half the molecular weight of the whole chain. Both fragments are eqaully resistant to complete denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride, a property characteristic of many intrinsic membrane proteins. This suggests that the native enzyme has two membrane-embedded halves, with an externally accessible link between them. | 133,715 | [
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0.2999074,
0.06057416,
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0... |
Steroid conjugates in human seminal plasma. | A technique for the measurement of five conjugated steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, pregnenolone sulphate, testosterone sulphate, dihydrotestosterone sulphate and testosterone glucuronide) in human seminal plasma is described. The steroid sulphates and testosterone glucuronide were measured by radioimmunoassay after solvolysis and enzyme hydrolysis, respectively. In all cases the recognized criteria of assay reliability were fulfilled. In a group of men with established fertility, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate had the highest concentration and testosterone sulphate had the lowest (mean levels of 1-04 mumoles/1 and 1-52 nmoles/1, respectively). The levels of pregnenolone sulphate, dihydrotestosterone sulphate and testosterone glucuronide were 30-3, 4-37 and 38-8 nmoles/1, respectively. In all cases the levels of conjugated steroid exceeded the levels of the corresponding unconjugated compound. | 133,773 | [
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0.3628118,
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... |
Situs inversus, subaortic and subpulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, and single coronary artery. | The unusual occurrence of situs inversus totalis, ventricular septal defect, hypertrophic subaortic and subpulmonic stenosis, and single coronary artery in a 38-year-old man is presented. The clinical course was remarkably mild, as documented by data from 23 years of study including four cardiac catheterizations. At age 35 years, however, syncope, chest pain, and marked elevation of right ventricular pressure prompted complete surgical repair of the left and right ventricular outflow tract obstructions and closure of the septal defect. Three years after surgery the patient continues to lead an active life without symptoms. The unusually mild course can be attributed to the natural banding effects of the subpulmonic stenosis which prevented irreversible pulmonary hypertension. | 133,789 | [
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... |
The effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on the pethidine- or methadone-induced decrease in locomotor activity of rats. | Either pethidine HCl (50 mg/kg s.c.) or methadone HCl (8 mg/kg s.c.) produced a prominent decrease in locomotor activity of rats. Pretreatment of rats with p-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA, 320 mg/kg i.p.) 48 h before the narcotic injection significantly antagonized the activity-decreasing effects of narcotics. When rats pretreated with p-CPA were given 5-hydroxytryptophan (75 mg/kg s.c.) 30 min before narcotic administration, the activity-decreasing response to narcotics was restored. Thus, a decrease in locomotor activity induced in rats by either pethidine or methadone is probably mediated by serotonergic mechanisms. | 133,805 | [
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... |
Interaction of genes and metals in development. | Examples are presented in interactions between genetic factors and certain trace during development in experimental animals. One type of interaction irenatal nutritional manipulation. The other involved strain differences, which lead differential responses to dietary deficiency. The mutant gene pallid in mice produces abnormal development of the inner ear similar to that resulting from intrauterine manganese deficiency. This abnormality is prevented by manganese supplementation of prenant mutant mice, and as in manganese deficiency, appears to result from depressed synthesis of mucopolysaccharides. Are interaction between copper and the mutant gene cribkled in mice is describes. High dietary copper curing prenatal and abnormal life doubled postnatal survival of mutants and brought about alterations in other parameters. In A/J mice, which have a significant incidence of spontaneous cleft lip and palate, a marginal deficiency prenetally of dietary zinc did not cause an increased incidence of this anomaly. However, the incidence of other malformations was greatly increased in this strain but not in hybird controls. It is proposed that in man as in animals teratogenesis might involve genetic-nutritional interactions as well as multifractorial interactions including genes, nutrients, drugs, and other environmental agents. | 133,823 | [
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0.4610091,
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Effect of 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea and streptozotocin on glucose-induced insulin secretion by isolated islets of Langerhans. | The present experiments were designed to compare the effects of streptozotocin and 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea upon glucose-induced insulin secretion by isolated islets of Langerhans. Both drugs depressed the insulin response at one and two hours incubation but higher molar concentrations of the nitrosourea were required to produce the same level of inhibition as streptozotocin, a difference perhaps related to the latter's glucose moiety. | 133,846 | [
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0.2299998,
0.08936983,
0.2938605,
0.1133187,
0.05986356,
0.07904... |
[Inbreeding in the population and the spread of schizophrenia in one of the rural regions of Azerbaijan]. | The investigation was carried out in Pushkin region of Azerbaijan SSR. The coefficient of inbreeding was found to be 0,01306 and 0,01142 in 2 typical villages; the frequency of consanguineous marriage in both villages was 30%. The occurence of consanguineous marriage is explained by a little migration of the population, large families and a stability of marriage traditions. An increased frequency of parental consanguinities of sporadic schizophrenic patients in comparison with the average one was found. This indicates the determination of some cases by rare recessive genes. | 133,857 | [
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0.2077317,
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0.1202506,
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0.2762164,
0.1118648,
-0.... |
[Clinico-genetic features of epilepsy in isolates and a panmictic population with intra-pair, intra-isolate and inter-isolate analysis]. | Clinico-genealogical investigation revealed certain specific clinico-genetic characteristics of epilepsy under the conditions of isolation (62 cases) as compared to a panmictic population (76 cases). Itra-pair inter-isolate (31 pairs) and intra-isolate (29pairs) comparison has shown a higher frequency of complete phenotypic similarity in cases of intraisolate (24,1%), than in cases of inter-isolate (9,7%) epilepsy. A more conspicuous interisolate (than intra-isolate) clinical polymorphism of epilepsy combined with an equal frequency of intra-pair inter- and intra-isolate similarity with respect to exogonia and with a distinct (two-fold) increase of the average inbreeding coefficient between the parents of the patients (F = 0,0285) as compared to the general population of the isolates affords the evidence of the genetic heterogeneity of the disease. One of the mechanisms of the hereditary heterogeneity is assumed to be the polylocularity (genocopying). | 133,860 | [
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[Functional scintigraphic radiospirometry. First clinical results in patients with lung diseases]. | First clinical results of patients with diseases of the lungs. The previous experiences on patients with diseases of the lungs reveal that the regional function diagnostics of the lungs may be extended and improved by functional scintigraphic radiospirometry. Because of the determination of regional lung volumes restrictive lung diseases can be differentiated and analysed more exactly than it has been possible before by the examinations of perfusion and ventilation alone. A further advance of the determination of lung volume is that the question of functional operability can be cleared up exactly. In our opinion the routine use of the functional scintigraphic radiospirometry is justified. A contraindication for this kind of examination should only be pregnancy. | 133,890 | [
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0.08554377,
0.08114941,
0.1058024,
0.09097081... |
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