title stringlengths 0 901 | abstract stringlengths 3 9.89k | PMID int64 22 25.3M | embedding listlengths 768 768 |
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[Aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva (author's transl)]. | Twenty-seven patients in whom a diagnosis of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm had been made during life were re-examined and the results have been evaluated. The clinical symptoms are not diagnostic. Routine radiological examination may also fail to show any significant findings. Large sinus of Valsalva aneurysms may show an atypical prominence of the right upper heart border, and in leutic aneurysms there may be fine calcification of the aortic wall. A definitive diagnosis can be made only by thoracic aortography. Five patients had a congenital saccular aneurysm connected with a sinus of Valsalva. Three patients had acquired aneurysms of which two were leutic and one developed shortly after rheumatic fever. A diffuse aneurysms of the sinus of valsalva was found in fourteen patients with Marfan's syndrome. The radiological appearances are demonstrated. Indications for surgery are discussed; the indications must be considered for each situation separately. | 133,896 | [
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[The demonstration of the great saphenous vein (author's transl)]. | A method for demonstrating the great saphenous vein is described which allows one to demonstrate it throughout its length, and to judge its patency without screening it. The method is suitable for examining the vein before removing it for arterial reconstruction, or for use as a by-pass. | 133,902 | [
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[Absence of cerebral perfusion. A simple isotope method for demonstrating cerebral death]. | Absence of cerebral perfusion as proof of cerebral death can be demonstrated angiographically by isotope techniques. Comparison of the methods has shown that isotope flow studies are technically simpler, are devoid of risk and can be carried out without additional injections in a few minutes. Our own observations and those of others have shown that an extended observation period is necessary in order to diagnose absence of cerebral perfusion and consequently of cerebral death. Clear documentation of events recorded radiographically and related to the speed of flow of the radioactive substance is of great value from a diagnostic and forensic point of view. | 133,914 | [
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[Radiation dose to the head, and particularly to the lens of the eye, during tomography with EMI scanner]. | Radiation dose to the lens of the eye was estimated using thermoluminescence and film dosimetry on patients undergoing computerised axial skull tomography with the EMI scanner, and also on various phantoms. The dose decreases from the lateral margin of the right eye to the lateral margin of the left eye. During conventional three layer tomography, maximal exposure to the eye is about 0.6 R (1.55 X 10 10-4 C.kg-1), produced entirely by scatter. Direct irradiation of the plane of orbits produces maximal exposure rate of 3 R (7.7X 10-4 C.kg-1). Maximal dose to the head depends on skull size and is about 4 R (approximately 10-3 C.kg-1). The local dose dependence of the eyes was confirmed theoretically by drawing up a computer programme, and was related to the method used by the EMI scanner. | 133,915 | [
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Diagnostic effectiveness of infusion hepatic angiography. A comparison with the conventional technique. | The diagnostic effectiveness of infusion hepatic angiography was evaluated in 72 patients with various liver diseases, who also had conventional hepatic angiography. In a comparison of the two techniques, the infusion study was found diagnostically essential in 4 patients (6%), and afforded improved diagnosis in 52 others (72%). In 13 patients (18%), it gave equivalent information; and in 3 patients (4%), less information than the conventional technique. Infusion hepatic angiography is a useful complementary technique in anatomical liver diagnosis, especially in its ability to improve upon the diagnostic accuracy of the capillary phase of hepatic angiography. | 133,917 | [
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[Paraglenoid hyerostosis: shoulder arthrosis or occupational?]. | Amongst 300 examinations of the shoulder in miners working with compressed air, degenerative changes were found in 44. Particularly striking was the frequency of acromioclavicular arthrosis and of paraglenoid hyperostosis. Five patients with paraglenoid hyperstosis were re-examined several years later. The authors regard these changes as a sign of shoulder arthrosis, analgous with hyperostosis of the head of the radius or of a rib and with labrum ossification of the hip joint. | 133,922 | [
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[The use glucagon for endoscopic and radiological examination of the gastrointestinal tract (author's transl)]. | In more than 1,000 radiological and endoscopic examinations of the smooth muscle hollow organs of the upper intestinal tract, crysalline glucagon (0.2 to 0.5 mg., average dose 1 u/kg. body weight given at a single intravenous injection) resulted in a significant relaxation and reduction of peristalsis. This effect was less marked in the colon and recto-sigmoid. In five patients with colonic diverticulosis it had no effect. In 150 patients it was found that the onset of hypotonia after injection of glucagon increases from proximal to distal, the duration of maximal reduction in peristalsis decreasing distally. Glucagon is indicated for reducing the tone of smooth muscle hollow organs in order to judge their elasticity and to distinguish between functional and organic causes of a stenosis or increased size of folds. The rapid onset of peristaltic inhibition makes various diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures simpler or even possible. Compared with the usual atropin-like antispasmodics, glucagon has the advantage of being free from side effects apart from transient hyperglycaemia. Diabetes mellitus requiring insulin is a (relative) contra-indication to the use of glucagon. | 133,938 | [
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[Sarcoidosis of the skeleton. Review of the literature and case report. (author's transl)]. | The frequency of sarcoidosis in the skeleton varies between 3 and 36%. Skeletal sarcoidosis is rare in early stages (Löfgren-syndrom), relatively frequent in late stages. The initial phase is characterized by the formation of miliary non-caseating epitheloid-cell granulomas in the bone marrow. The invasion of the bone marrow may either be tolerated by the bone tissue or it initiates a perifocal osteosclerosis or a osteolysis. Correspondingly the X-ray of the skeleton shows normal structure or focal osteosclerosis or osteolysis. Therefore in the first case the sarcoidosis cannot be identified by X-ray. Most frequent locations are the phalanges of the fingers and toes, less common the stem skelton (skull, vertebrae, pelvis) and very rare the long tubular bones. In most cases the skeletal sarcoidosis is well tolerated. Report of a case of osteosclerotic sarcoidosis of the pelvis of a 39-years old woman with generalized sarcoidosis which was diagnozed four years earlier. The X-rays of the phalanges were normal. The biopsy of the iliac crest shows miliary sarcoid granuloma of the bone marrow and accretion of lamellar bone on the surface of the bone trabeculi with a distinct mosaic pattern. Treatment with steroids during the following five years was ineffective. | 133,956 | [
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[Xeography of the neck and upper airways compared with conventional X-ray techniques (author's transl)]. | The soft tissue structure and air containing hollow organs of the pharynx, larynx and upper trachea are particularly suitable for xerographic investigations. The well known edge effect on the one hand and the reduction of marked contrast effects on the other, both of which are specific features of xerography, provide much information and high diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of abnormalities in the neck. Xerography was compared with lateral views and A.P. tomograms, using conventional radiography without contrast medium, in forty patients. Most had malignant tumours, but some had benign stenoses or injuries due to foreign bodies. Both with respect to total information obtained as well as detailed demonstration of the disease processes, xerography proved superior to radiography. An exception must be made for xerographic examinations of patients with short, thick necks. Accurate demonstration of the depth of malignant tumours and recognition of diseased lateral cervical lymphnodes is almost completely confined to xerography. Since radiation dose is increased by a factor of two to nine times, indications for xerography must be strictly defined, but is acceptable when compared with the radiation dose of routine examinations. | 133,961 | [
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[A contribution to the differential diagnosis of odnotogeneous cysts]. | Problems concernint the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaw are discussed with reference to a series of patients and some specially selected cases. The use of isotope examination is often of particular significance in coming to a decision. The position and value of scintigraphy has been demonstrated by referring to the literature and to our own investigations. The often difficult differentiation from certain types of odontogenic tumours is also discussed. | 133,964 | [
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The histochemistry of mucosaccharides in some organs of germfree rats. | In order to study the histochemical nature of mucosaccharides in germfree animals, the organs in natural contact with bacteria (stomach, small and large intestine) and those naturally remote from bacteria (tracheal and ear cartilage and aorta) were studied by means of light microscopic methods for mucosaccharides in germfree and conventional rats. In the stomach (surface and foveolar cells) of germfree rats the histochemical reactions for acid and neutral mucosaccharides were apparently less intense than in that of conventional rats, whereas in the small and large intestine (goblet cells) of germfree rats the reactions were significantly more intense than in those of conventional rats. In the cartilage (intercellular matrix, lacunar border and chondrocyte cytoplasm) and aorta (interelastic spaces) of germfree animals the reactions were less intense than in those of conventional animals. In addition, some differences in the histochemical nature of mucosaccharides between the organs of germfree and conventional rats were noted, as revealed by the effects of chemical modifications and digestions with enzymes upon the histochemical reactions studied. | 134,009 | [
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Mucopolysaccharidosis in a cat. | A young adult female Siamese cat born of a mother-son mating was referred because of dwarfism, facial abnormalities, severe skeletal deformities, multifocal neurologic deficits, and retinal atrophy. Cats of similar appearance had been observed in a previous litter of the same parents. Metachromatic inclusion bodies were demonstrated in circulating leukocytes. The urine contained a high concentration of mucopolysaccharide, as detected by the toluidine blue spot test. The uronic acid content of the cetylpyridinium chloride-precipitable mucopolysaccharide in the urine was 17 times greater than that in the urine from a control cat of the same age and breed. | 134,013 | [
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Circadian rhythm of stimulated lymphocyte blastogenesis. A 24 hour cycle in the mixed leukocyte culture reaction and with SKSD stimulation. | The in vitro measurement of stimulated T lymphocyte blastogenesis by the incorporation of 14C-thymidine can be shown to be an acceptable and precise measurement with highly significant variations in blastogenesis over a 24 hr period. This circadian rhythm for human T lymphocyte blastogenesis has been demonstrated with specific antigen (SKSD) and in mixed leukocyte culture (MLC). The hours of peak reactivity were different for the SKSD stimulation and the MLC reaction. This biologic cycle in T cell reactivity has significant implications for the immunologic response. | 134,051 | [
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Leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) production in unidirectional mixed lymphocyte cultures. | Puromycin treatment of lymphocytes was used to develop a one-way test for leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) production in the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reaction. Lymphocytes incubated with this protein synthesis inhibitor induced a vigorous mediator production by nontreated allogeneic cells, being themselves unable to respond to stimulator cells. When puromycin-treated cells were stimulated with the mitogens PHA, ConA, or PWM, overall protein and DNA synthesis were significantly decreased with concomitant abolishment of LMIF production. Viability of stimulator lymphocytes was found to be essential for generation of the mediator in MLC reaction. | 134,123 | [
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In vitro studies on the T-lymphocyte population of human milk. | Human milk lymphocytes (ML) can be partially purified and propagated in vitro as a means of assessing their immunological function. When exposed to a variety of stimuli known to activate T lymphocytes, ML respond in a unique manner that indicates a selected population of immunocompetent cells. ML are hyporesponsive to to nonspecific mitogens and respond in a reduced manner to histocompatibility antigens on allogeneic cells. In most cases, they are completely unresponsive to C. albicans although blood lymphocytes from the same patients respond to the antigen. The Kl capsular antigen of E. coli induces significant proliferation in lymphocytes obtained from milk, but fails to stimulate blood lymphocytes. This dichotomy of reactivity does not appear to result from suppressive factors or cells in milk or insufficient adherent cell function. Rather it appears to reflect the accumulation of particular lymphocyte clones in the breast and the local nature of mammary tissue immunity at the T-lymphocyte level. | 134,126 | [
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Interruption of the aortic arch. Surgical considerations. | During a 10 year period, January, 1965, through January, 1975, 5 patients with interruption of the aortic arch (IAA) underwent operation at the Texas Heart Institute. The mortality rate was 60 per cent; 2 patients survived the operation. One 11-day-old infant with IAA, type A, a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) underwent successful two-stage treatment. A left subclavian-ductus anastomosis, closure of the PDA, and banding of the pulmonary artery were done initially. The VSD was closed later. The second survivor, a 3-year-old girl, had IAA, type B, with a PDA and VSD. Total correction was done with the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia. Considerations include palliative and staged procedures versus total correction with either conventional cardiopulmonary bypass or deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. Survival rate is improved if associated lesions are totally repaired or palliated at the time of reconstruction of IAA. | 134,180 | [
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Tetralogy of Fallot with acquired pulmonary atresia and hypoplasia of pulmonary arteries. Report of surgical management in infancy. | A perforated intracardiac prosthesis, and patch infundibuloplasty and annuloplasty were employed for the surgical management of an infant with tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, and severe hypoplasia of the pulmonary arteries. This approach provides a means of decompression of the right ventricle in the immediate postoperative period. It allows sufficient systemic cardiac output while increasing pulmonary blood flow to relieve severe hypoxemia and cyanosis. In addition, the high risk of further compromise to the diminutive pulmonary arteries by a palliative shunt is avoided. A physiological basis for the use of this technique is discussed. | 134,186 | [
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[Bony synechia in the vocal process area following translaryngeal endotracheal long term intubation (author's transl)]. | The very rare case of a bony synechia of both processus vocales with following vocal fold paralysis is shown by ventilation insufficiency of the larynx as a result of longtime intubation. Great importance is attached to the pathophysiologic mode of origin. | 134,203 | [
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[Therapy of tracheal and laryngeal injuries]. | Injuries of larynx and trachea often lead to late manifestations of damages difficult to correct. Early treatment is necessary to avoid functional impairment. Severe damage to the larynx as well as trachea should be treated by early surgical measures. Ruptured trachea requires direct end to end anastomosis. In some cases it is well advisable to reconstruct only the dorsal half of the trachea connecting the ventral part to the outer skin. After severe damage to the neck this tracheal-laryngeal fissure (or "open trachea-laryngeal window") is of little or no risk (i.e. always "open" for inspection and correction) and gives sufficient results in almost every case. | 134,222 | [
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[Test over the "Hearing through the openings of the skull after trepanation" in the General Hospital in Hamburg in the year of 1835]. | Investigations of the French physician Perier on patients after a trepanation of their skulls have shown that talking can be understood in the case of hermetically closed ears by means of the trepanation scar. If the ears were closed and if the trepanation scars were covered by the hand, the patient would hear nothing. Due to these observations, Perier had suggested to treat deafness by trepanation. Johann Carl George Fricke, the first "dirigating surgeon" of the newly erected General Hospital in Hamburg (1823) has taken up these suggestions and carried out similar investigations on two patients. He had a relative great number of patients with head injuries on hand who required a trepanation in many cases. His investigations have shown that any hearing through a trepanation scar has been most likely caused by an illusion and he did see in the observations of Perier and his investigation results only a confirmation of the generally known experience that a perception of a sound will also be caused by a vibration of the skull bone. An attempt to cure deafness by trepanation was rejected as an irrational and not to be approved undertaking | 134,225 | [
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[Treatment of lumbar disk herniation with depot cortisone intrathecally and peridurally (author's transl)]. | During an operation for lumbar disk herniation, 160 patients were injected - intrathecally and peridurally, against the affected nerve root - one ampoule of Volon A40. The postoperative course was compared to that stated in 160 patients who had been operated in the same way without this medication. The irritation of the spinal root effected by the disk prolapse and the manipulation during the operation was immediately influenced in a favourable manner by Volon A40. The patients had no more complaints from the first postoperative day on. Mobilization of the patient could be started about three to four days earlier. During recurrency operations, the root did not show any adhesions. Prevention of postoperative cicatrization around the root appears to be an essential condition for a permanent state without complaints. The percutaneous intrathecal and peridural application of Volon A40 has proved to be efficacious in cases of lumbar root irritation, which can neither be treated surgically nor be influenced by a physical therapy. | 134,249 | [
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Histopathology of some carcinomatous and pseudocarcinomatous aspects of the thyroid. | The authors studied the histopathology of some true carcinomatous and pseudocarcinomatous aspects of the thyroid. Some peculiar aspects occuring after therapy with thyreostatics are underlined: papillary structures, giant polymorphous, hyperchromic or light vesicular nuclei. These lesions are not to be confused with true neoplastic pictures. The criteria in discriminating between thyroid adenoma and follicular adenocarcinoma are also discussed. | 134,267 | [
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Effect of colchicine and prednisolone upon the peptidergic neurosecretory product in Cyprinus carpio L. | After a treatment with physiological doses of colchicine and prednisolone, the rapid transport of the neurosecretory granules in the preoptico-neurohypophyseal tract of Cyprinus carpio L. is blocked. This fact is manifested by the accumulation of neurosecretory granules and of Hering's bodies at the level of fibres of preoptico-neurohypophyseal tract, and on the contrary, by the significant reduction of neurosecretory product in the nerve fibres of the neurohypophysis. The neurotubules which participate in the rapid axonal flux of neurosecretory granules do not suffer detectable ultrastructural changes. | 134,270 | [
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Spastic paresis after 6-aminonicotinamide: metabolic disorders in the spinal cord and electromyographically recorded changes in the hind limbs of rats. | In rats the application of 10 mg/kg 6-amino-nicotinamide (6-AN) leads to an accumulation of 6-phosphogluconate, by inhibition of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in the pentose phosphate pathway, in the cells of the spinal cord. The accumulation reaches its maximum after 18-24 h. It seems that there exists a relationship between the accumulation of 6-phosphogluconate and the lesion of the neuroglia, which is found in electron microscopic studies. Symptoms of a spastic paresis only develop later when the spinal interneurones are destroyed as a consequence of the lesion of the neuroglia. The accumulation of 6-phosphogluconate almost exceeds the 400 fold of the norm. No considerable differences are found between the effects of a dose of 35 mg 6-AN/kg and one of 10 mg 6-AN/kg. Free gluconate is identified enzymically in the cells of the spinal cords of the rats treated with 6-AN. The compound is very probably formed by dephosphorylation and diffuses into the blood. 6-Phosphogluconate is an inhibitor of the phosphoglucose isomerase. Its accumulation shifts the equilibrium towards glucose 6-phosphate. The lactate concentration decreases as compared with the untreated controls. Muscular action potentials are recorded extracellularly with a concentric needle electrode from the musculus gastrocnemius of rats treated with 6-AN. First activations of the electromyograms are found 48 h after the application of 10 mg 6-AN/kg. The electrical activities increase during the time in which a progressive destruction of the interneurones occurs. The electromyogram displays a permanent state of excitation with high amplitudes and an increased frequency. The continuity and intensity of the increased activity recorded by the electromyograph is the most important pathological finding. p-Chlorophenyl-GABA and, still more so, chlorpromazine cause temporary reduction of the excitation processes and an electromyogram nearly at rest. Under the same conditions, haloperidol is only slightly effective. The symptoms developed by the chemical destruction of the interneurones of the spinal cord, with rigidity and spasticity of the hind limbs, are suitable for testing antispastic drugs. | 134,291 | [
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[Virulent properties of Leishmania tropica major strains isolated from sandflies in the subzone of the northern deserts]. | On the territory of the Karakalpak ASSR the infection of sand flies Ph. papatasi, Ph. caucasicus, Ph. andrejevi and Ph. monogolensis with the agent L. tropica major ammounts, on the average, to 39.3%. The virulence of 88 investigated strains of Leishmania for white mice estimated by their infection and the duration of incubation was found to be different; one half of the strains had high, one third--average, and the other strains--low virulence. | 134,342 | [
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Structural and enzymatic properties of cardiac myosin in ischaemic and non-ischaemic regions of the rat myocardium. | In rats with ligation of the left coronary artery changes in ATPase activity and structure of cardiac myosin in both ischaemic and non-ischaemic zones of the myocardium were followed. In control animals, ATPase activity and the structure of the myosin molecule in right and left ventricles did not differ. Non-specific factors, such as anaesthesia and thoracotomy, can result in a decrease or an increase in ATPase activity respectively. One hour after ligation of the left coronary artery ATPase activity increased in the right, non-ischaemic myocardium and there was a significant right-to-left difference. Four hours after ligation, ATPase activity in both ventricles significantly decreased and the right-left difference disappeared. Within 48 h, normal values were found only in the non-ischaemic right ventricle. Ligation of the left coronary artery results after 48 h in the formation of structural alterations in cardiac myosin, primarily in the left, ischaemic myocardium. These changes are characterised by the formation of myosin aggregates, which have a significantly lower ATPase activity in comparison with monomeric myosin. | 134,350 | [
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Time dependent effects on contractile properties, fibre population, myosin light chains and enzymes of energy metabolism in intermittently and continuously stimulated fast twitch muscles of the rabbit. | Fast-twitch tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus rabbit muscles were subjected to long-term intermittent (8 h daily) or continuous (24 h daily) indirect stimulation with a frequency pattern resembling that of a slow motoneuron. Increases in time to peak of isometric twitch contraction were observed without parallel changes in the pattern of myosin light chains or alterations in the distribution of slow and fast fibres as discernible by the histochemical ATPase reaction. However, changes in the fibre population and in the myosin light chain pattern were observed after intermittent stimulation periods exceeding 40 days or continuous stimulation periods longer than 20 days. Under these conditions even higher increases were found in contraction time. In one animal a complete change in fbire population was observed. In this case myosin light chains of the slow (LCS1, LCS2) and of the fast type (LCf1) were obviously synthetized simultaneously within the same fibre. Early changes in the enzyme activity pattern of energy metabolism indicated a conversion of the fibres including their mitochondrial population. These changes and the earlier reported changes in the sarcoplasmic reticulum are probably responsible for the early changes in contractile properties which occur before the transformation of the myosin. | 134,352 | [
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[Incomplete chronic duodenal stenosis caused by compression by the aorta and mesenteric artery]. | In the light of data from the literature, as well as on the personal observations made in 5 cases of chronic, imcomplete duodenal stenosis through aortic-mesenteric pincers that have been hospitalized and operated, the authors stress: the complexity of the syndrome, the difficulties encountered in the establishment of the diagnosis, the severe consequences of the evolution, the necessity to apply surgical treatment as soon as possible. | 134,404 | [
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[Haloperidol, reserpine, l-dopa and amantidine in the treatment of Huntington chorea (author's transl)]. | Two drugs that should reduce striatal dopamine activity (haloperidol and reserpine) and two other drugs that should increase it (L-Dopa and amantadine) have been successively adminstered to six patients suffering from Huntington's Chorea. The most effective treatment in reducing hyperkinesis was haloperidol, followed by reserpine. Treatment with L-Dopa did not have appreciable effect, on this type of involuntary movements. Against some theoretical expectations administration of amantadine was followed by a slight improvement in the control of involuntary activity. | 134,449 | [
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[Group B vitamins in some typical Italian cheese: Parmigiano-reggiano, Pecorino romano and Gorgonzola (author's transl)]. | The levels of Vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, PP and Calcium pantothenate were determined in typical italian cheese: Parmigiano-reggiano, Pecorino romano and Gorgonzola. The authors avaluated vitamin contents different from product; to product these differences being possibly due to both similar quantitative diversities of the milk, used and to particular variations associated with the processing techniques. | 134,450 | [
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Adverse reactions to short-course regimens containing streptomycin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and rifampicin in Hong Kong. | Three studies of drug toxicity were made in Chinese adults with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted concurrently to short-course antituberculosis regimens. The first was of streptomycin plus isoniazid plus pyrazinamide given daily (SHZ regimen), three times a week (S3H3Z3 regimen) or twice a week (S2H2Z2 regimen). The second was of pyrazinamide in the SHZ regimen and PAS in the standard daily combination of streptomycin plus isoniazid plus PAS (SPH regimen). The third was of the SHZ regimen and these 3 drugs plus rifampicin daily (SHRZ regimen). In study 1 (174 SHZ, 185 S3H3Z3, 182 S2H2Z2 patients), the incidence of arthralgia was associated with the number of doses per week (P less than 0.001). The incidence of other reactions, most of which were cutaneous or vestibular, or symptomless increases in the serum alanine transaminase (AIT) concentration, was similar on all 3 regimens. In study 2 (142 SHZ, 137 SPH patients), hepatic reactions occurred on the SHZ but not on the SPH regimen (P less than 0.002), serum AIT concentrations were distributed over a higher range on the SHZ regimen, and 2 patients had jaundice. Gastrointestinal reactions were more frequent on the SPH regimen (P = 0.06). Arthralgia was commoner on the SHZ regimen (P less than 0.05). In study 3 (38 SHZ, 41 SHRZ patients), the incidence of hepatic reactions, jaundice and arthralgia was similar in the 2 regimens. On the pyrazinamide regimens combined, hepatic reactions were marginally more frequent in patients with Australia antigen or antibody either before or during chemotherapy (P = 0.09). Serum uric acid concentrations were higher in patients on daily than on intermittent pyrazinamide (P less than 0.005), and in patients with arthralgia on the daily pyrazinamide regimen than in matched controls (P = 0.07). | 134,476 | [
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Rehabilitation of patients with low back disorders in the County of Uppsala. | Low back pain is a common cause of inability to work. At the Rehabilitation Centre of the Uppsala County Council an annual number of more than 100 patients with this condition undergo an investigation aimed at evaluating their capacity for work and their need for rehabilitation. By compiling and analysing the information recorded in the case journals of the patients with low back disorders during the years 1969 to 1971, it was hoped that more knowledge would be gained about the factors constituting a hindrance to rehabilitation. The present paper is a preliminary report on an analysis of 47 case journals unsystematically selected from the entire material. The study verifies a number of previously reported observations, e.g. the low frequency of roentgenological changes. It is also noted that in a remarkably large number of patients no or only slight abnormalities were found on physical examination. Compared with the results of other investigations, there was a very low frequency of concurrent psychiatric disorders and abuse of alcohol. It was considered from this analysis that the information in the case journal material in question is adequate for elucidating the relevant problems in the planned larger investigation; further, it provides motivation for a future follow-up study. | 134,484 | [
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[Immunological aspects in lung diseases (author's transl)]. | The immunological aspects of allergic disorders of the lung (Type I-IV by Gell and Coombs, drug hypersensitivity, auto-immune diseases) and non-allergic lung diseases (emphysema in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, bronchial carcinoma) are described. The short review is closed with remarks about the immunological defence in the bronchial mucosa. | 134,514 | [
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[BPO-Specific, complement-dependant cell-lysis of differently sensitized sheep red cells: evaluation of haptenic groups and their influence on IgM and IgG-induced lysis (author's transl)]. | Sheep erythrocytes were coated with bencylpenicilloyl-(BPO)groups. Different incubation periods resulted in erythrocyte preparations with different hapten density. Complement dependent lysis induced by IgM or IgG antibodies was studied with the cell preparations. The calculation of hapten density on the erythrocyte surface was not possible by direct measurement of coupled radioactive BPO since more than 90% of radioactive material was found in the soluble supernatant after osmotic cell lysis and less than 10% was fixed to the cellular membrane. Measurement of membrane bound immunologically relevant BPO-groups was achieved, therefore, by comparison of the inhibitory capacity of the test cells with that of a standard cell preparation. The latter consisted of tannic acid treated erythrocytes coated with protein complexed radioactive BPO. Surface hapten density of the different target cell preparations varied between 1.9 x 10(5) and 4.8 10(5) BPO-groups per cell depending on the time of incubation. Complement dependent antibody mediated cell lysis was significantly reduced by reduction of haptenic sites per target cell, IgG induced lysis being much more affected than hemolysis induced by IgM antibodies. Statistical calculations led to the conclusion that 18,000 protein islets per cell bearing 4 or more BPO-groups are not sufficient for hemolysis induced by IgG antibodies. 48,000 protein islets with this hapten density are necessary for "optimal" sensitization. IgG antibodies must be apparently bound to the cell surface in bivalent form. | 134,537 | [
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Active immunization against tetanus in man. II. Combined active and passive prophylaxis with human tetanus immune globulin. | 19 Persons were actively immunized with adsorbed tetanus toxoid and were simultaneously given tetanus immune globulin of human origin, TIG(H), in doses of 500-1500 IU. Their antitoxin titres were followed for 1 year. Seven persons were given only TIG(H), 500 IU and 1500 IU and their antitoxin titres were followed for 3 months to 1 year. For comparison, 30 military recruits were actively immunized with adsorbed tetanus toxiod according to common practice. Their antitoxin titres were followed for 1 year. The response to complete active immunization could not be demonstrated to be impaired by passive immunization, when 500 IU or 1500 IU OF TIG(H) were given simultaneously with toxoid. The titres were in accordance with those achieved by active immunization of the recruits. | 134,538 | [
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Fractionated precipitation of acid macropolyanions by dialysis, a simple method for the estimation of DNA in complex biological samples. | After efficient extraction by para-aminosalicylate, chopping, grinding and eventual sonication, the macropolyanions are transformed into their cetyltrimethylammonium salts. These have differing solubilities, strongly depending on ionic strength. The cationic detergent-macropolyanionic salts are solubilized by high salt concentration. Salt is then dialysed out, rendering the polyanions highly insoluble in a sequential fashion. The insolubilized components are determined quantitatively by monitoring turbidity, which in case of DNA is strictly proportionate to its concentration. This relation is not affected by other components. This makes DNA determination possible even in crude aqueous extracts. The method has been applied to different objects, such as bacteria, plants, animals, soil and activated sludge. The method may prove to be especially useful in research of environmental poisons e.g. in rivers, lakes or clarifiers. | 134,556 | [
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The accessory sex glands as the repository for juvenile hormone in male cecropia moths. | Gas chromatographic determinations, bioassays, and radio-labelling experiments show that the juvenile hormone in adult male Hyalophora cecropia is accumulated exclusively in the accessory sex glands. Moths do not store measurable quantities of juvenile hormone if their accessory sex glands are removed shortly after adult eclosion. | 134,562 | [
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[Quantitative determination of immunoglobulins in the saliva. Comparative studies in squamous cell carcinomas of the mouth mucosa]. | Immunological processes have been increasingly gaining in importance in the development and proliferation of tumours inhuman. Quantitative determinations of immunoglobulins IgG and IgA in the saliva of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa showed a significant difference in IgG concentration as compared with patients affected with inflammatory intraoral diseases. | 134,601 | [
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Chemo-architectonic studies in a submammalian brain. Adenosine triphosphatase and simple esterase in the diencephalon and mesencephalon. | The present report deals with the histo-enzymological mapping of adenosine triphosphatase and simple esterase in the diencephalon and mesencephalon of Uromastix hardwickii. The enzymatic make-up, in both cases, does not differ markedly in the various nuclei; few variations, of course, occur in some midbrain areas like pretectal nuclei. The latter are intensely positive for ATPase, while these nuclei are moderate to simple esterase. Nevertheless, one of the most interesting results pertaining to simple esterase activity is of a high order in the fiber tracts in comparison to ATPase. The other interesting feature relates to the fact that generally intensely positive nuclei, in ATPase preparations, are those which have extensive efferent fibres. The metabolic significance of high degree of ATPase activity vis-a-vis extensive efferent connections has been exhaustively discussed, besides the possible significance of the general data obtained. | 134,619 | [
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[Study of the cerebral circulatory resistance by the Döppler effect and rheography (author's transl)]. | A correlation is made between the index of circulatory resistance given by ultrasonic flow-measurement and rheography. Patients with normal and increased blood pressure were studied. The characteristics of the transient and of the permanent ischaemic attacks are defined. | 134,620 | [
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Prolapse of the mitral valve is described in two patients with the Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid. | Prolapse of the mitral valve is described in two patients with the Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve. This association has not been described previously. It is probable, however, that this association is not a rare one, but that clinical features of the prolapsing mitral valve are obscured by those resulting from the malformed tricuspid valve. Opportunity also was provided to study anatomically the mitral valve of a patient known to have a systolic click and a late systolic murmur (the Barlow syndrome). Although there have been several anatomic descriptions of floppy mitral valve at necropsy, they have been extremely rare in patients known to have the classic auscultatory features of the Barlow syndrome. | 134,633 | [
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... |
T and B lymphocytes in patients with Down's syndrome. | Individuals with Down's syndrome are thought to have abnormalities of immune function. Studies to quantify the number of peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulins in 12 individuals and 12 sex and age matched control subjects were performed. Hepatitis B antigen and antihyroglobulin antibodies as markers of possible immune dysfunction were determined. The numbers of circulating T and B cells, and the level of serum immunoglobulins in children with Down's syndrome did not differ from nonretarded control children. Circulating hepatitis B antigen and antihyroglobulin antibodies were not present. These studies indicated that quantitative abnormalities of T and B cells are not present in children with Down's syndrome. The data did not exclude the existence of qualitative abnormalities. | 134,638 | [
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Prosthetic arteriovenous fistula for vascular access in hemodialysis. | Vascular access through subcutaneous prosthetic arteriovenous fistulas was studied in eighteen dogs. Dacron velour and woven Dacron grafts (6 mm diameter) were constructed across the lower abdomen between the common femoral artery and the opposite common femoral vein. In heparinized animals 197 percutaneous punctures were made with a "14 guage hemodialysis cannula at weekly intervals. Over a period of one and a half years there was no instance of infection. One of the fourteen Dacron velous and all four woven Dacron fistulas thrombosed. These data suggested the feasibility of achieving repetitive blood access through Dacron velour vascular prostheses. Nineteen Dacron velour fistula bypasses between the brachial artery and median basilic vein were performed in fifteen selected patients for a total dialysis period of ninety-six months. Failed standard subcutaneous fistulas or absence of suitable vessels in the upper extremity were indications for the primary procedure. Of three looped forearm fistulas, two thrombosed at twenty-two and two months. Complications among sixteen straight bypasses in the arm included two graft infections and one cannula tract infection. There were no instances of thrombosis in this group. The advantages of single needle dialysis in these high risk patients have been emphasized. Eleven grafts are presently functioning two to nine months postoperatively. Our preliminary results suggest that a Dacron velour fistula merits consideration as an alternative for vascular access in maintenance hemodialysis. | 134,645 | [
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The (Na + K+)-dependent ATPase. Mode of inhibition of ADP/ATP exchange activity by MgC12. | Na+-dependent ADP/ATP exchange activity, of a (Na++K+)-dependent ATPase preparation from eel electric organ, was measured in terms of the incorporation of 14C into ATP during incubations with labeled ATP and [14C]ADP. Estimates of initial rates of exchange were possible by keeping changes in nucleotide concentrations, from both exchange and extraneous hydrolytic processes, to less than 10%. Under these conditions, increases in MgC12 concentration, from 0.2 to 3 mM, generally inhibited this exchange activity. The concentrations of free Mg2+, Mg-ATP, and Mg-adp present, with a range of MgC12, ATP, and ADP concentrations, were calculated from measured dissociation constants. Inhibition was associated with Mg-ATP as well as with Mg2+, at concentrations from 0.4 to 1 mM (Mg-ADP, in the same concentration range, probably inhibited also). The affinity of the enzyme for these inhibitors is in fair correspondence with demonstrated affinties for Mg2+, Mg-atp, and Mg-ADP at low affinity substrate sites, measured kinetically. These observations are considered in terms of a dimeric enzyme with high and low affinity substrates sites: ADP/ATP exchange being catalyzed at the high affinity sites, with inhibition occurring through occupancy by Mg2+, Mg-ATP, or Mg-ADP, of the low affinity sites, thereby pulling the reaction process away from those steps involved in exchange. | 134,746 | [
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[Study of a further case of bisalbuminemia in Brittany]. | A rapidly migrating variant of albumin has been discovered in a 28-year-old breton woman. At least eight relatives also bear the trait. This new variant is described in terms of its electrophoretic mobilities, immunological properties and heat- and storage stability. Two other reports of the slow type are presented, but no family study was performed in these cases. It is suggested that bisalbuminaemia could be a relatively common inherited condition in Brittany. | 134,769 | [
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[Histochemical study of the adrenal cortex of the rat after epiphysectomy]. | The authors investigate the effects of pinealectomy on male rat's adrenal cortex. Fat material accumulates in the fascicular and reticular zones; different enzyme activities show light variations in operated animals. The frequent presence of mitochondrial multilamellar structures in pinealectomized rats is discussed. | 134,773 | [
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[Influence of the nutritional state on exercise induced hyperlactacidemia]. | In normal man, food ingested two hours before the beginning of physical exercise increases the lactacidemia (+ 27%). | 134,776 | [
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[Histological study of the voluntary traumatic inclusion of a foreign body in the gingival mucosa]. | First histological features of traditional tattooing of gingival mucosae using smoke-black are reported. They show the complete tolerance of connective tissue. The microscopic examination occurs several weeks or months after the tattoo was done. Thus, one can notice that carbon particles localize particularly around blood vessels (small arteries), and that never arises inflammatory reaction of any type. | 134,777 | [
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[Phosphlipids and neutral lipids of the testis of the monkey as a function of sexual maturity]. | Biochemicals analysis of lipid parameters of testicular extracts of 14 monkeys (Cercopithecide) was found to confirm prior observations made with the same species by histochemical and histoenzymatic methods. Total lipids decrease with sexual activity; contrariwise total cholesterol increase; both parameters, however, showing higher levels in the absence of sexual activity. Phospholipids increase with sexual maturity after puberty but revert to normal with the cessation of spermatogenesis. Chromatographic separation reveals the specific variations of triglycerides the total being higher during pre-puberty and in animals lacking sexual potency. Phospholipid constituents are constant and may be classified in order of their concentration with lecithin being the major constituent. These observations though somewhat fragmentary and representing a rather small population will stimulate new studies and at the present time, agree with similar work done on other species of animals. | 134,780 | [
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[Biosynthesis of thyroglobulin in an adult lamprey, Lampetra planeri (Bloch)]. | Thyroglobuline (Tg) biosynthesis has been studied in an adult fresh water lamprey Lampetra planeri (Bloch), by injection in coelomic cavity or by in vitro incorporation in follicles of branchial region of various radioactive labels: 125I-, 3H-leucine, 3H-mannose, 3H-galactose, N-acetyl mannosamine and 3H-N-acetylglucosamine. Labelling by all theses substances, present in Tg of mammals, proceeds efficiently in two hours. It has been demonstrated that the cyclostome studied synthetizes a 18 S iodinated glycoprotein analogous to Tg of higher vertebrates by its molecular size. It contains all the same hexose and N-acetyl derivatives of these in its sugar moiety and the same iodinated aminoacids. Purified 18 S Tg of the lamprey has been prepared; it is very poor in iodine (127I) and has a very low T3 and T4 content. | 134,785 | [
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[Pharmacological analysis of the inhibition of peristalsis of the isolated guinea-pig ileum by tetramethylammonium]. | Tetramethylammonium in small concentrations contracted the longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig isolated ileum, but had no effect on the peristaltic reflex. However, in high concentrations, it contracted the longitudinal muscle and blocked the peristaltic reflex. Acetylcholine, methacholine, carbachol, eserine and neostigmine antagonized the peristaltic block previously produced by tetramethylammonium. On the other hand, propionylcholine, butyrylcholine, nicotine, pilocarpine, arecoline, histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine did not remove the peristaltic block. From these experiments, it is concluded that the predominant sites of the depressive effect of tetramethylammonium on the peristalsis are the cholinoceptive ganglia of myenteric plexus subserving the peristaltic reflex of guinea-pig isolated ileum. | 134,800 | [
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Parent's meetings in a hospital day centre. | This paper is an attempt to describe a project of parent meetings in a day centre for young handicapped children. It tries to reconcile social worker activity with sociological theory of disability and deviance and to weigh the relative balance of parent and professional contributions to care. | 134,849 | [
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Children abandoned in long-stay hospitals. | This study, financed by the Buttle Trust, investigates some aspects of the problems of abandonment of children in hospital, employing a sample of sixty-eight children from six selected hospitals, who meet a given definition of abandonment. Almost a fifth of the total population of children in the hospitals studied meet this definition; about a third of the sample are abandoned early in their lives, and for the remainder, admission itself appears to be a factor in abandonment. | 134,851 | [
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Lipid ordering and enzymic activities in chromaffin granule membranes. | 1. The interaction of a variety of fluorescent probes with the membranes of adrenal medullary chromaffin granules is described. 2. Changes in the motional properties of the bound probes with temperature were investigated and evidence is presented which indicates that ordering of the membrane lipids occurs below 33 degrees C. 3. The ordering is characteristics of the membrane lipids and is retained by sonicated aqueous dispersions of the total lipid extracted from chromaffin granule membranes. 4. The ATPase and NADH:acceptor oxidoreductase activities of the chromaffin granule membrane have discontinuous Arrhenius temperature versus activity relationships with 'transitions' at 33 degrees C. 5. The ATPase has a second transition at 36.5 degrees C. 6. The 33 degrees C 'transition' for the NADH:acceptor oxidoreductase is removed by treatment with the detergent Triton X-100. 7. The correlation between the onset of lipid ordering and the change in activation energy of the membrane-bound enzyme activities is discussed in terms of the co-operative interactions of the different membrane components. The possible role of lipid ordering in exocytosis is discussed. | 134,888 | [
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A comparison between amantadine and bromocriptine using the stereotyped behaviour response test (SBR) in the rat. | Amantadine (100 mg/kg), apomorphine (2.5-10 mg/kg) and bromocriptine (10-50 mg/kg) all produced stereotyped behaviour in the rat. Apomorphine was rapid in onset and of short duration, amantadine was slower to reach a maximum and bromocriptine had a delayed onset of 50 min and a prolonged action. Amantadine and bromocriptine were antagonised by pimozide (1 mg/kg for 30 min) suggesting an action on dopamine receptors, and by D,L-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (150 mg/kg for 3 h) suggesting an indirect action. Amantadine, though not bromocriptine, antagonised apomorphine and amantadine also reversed the SBR due to bromocriptine. Pretreatment of rats with p-chlorophenylalanine (100 mg/kg twice daily for 2 days) had no effect on bromocriptine. The significance of these results is discussed with reference to the proposed mechanism of action of bromocriptine and to the use of multiple drug therapy in Parkinsonism. | 134,898 | [
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[Etiology and morbidity of drug exanthemas from a clinical viewpoint]. | After a brief discussion of the potential errors and uncertainies of statistics about etiology and epidemiology of drug eruptions the 144 cases, seen from 1968 to 1974 in our dermatological clinic, are analysed and compared with the data from the years 1957 to 1965 respectively the quantities of special drugs, consumed during one year in Dresden city. The results are: significant increase of drugs eruptions (from 0,9% in 1957 to 1965 to 1,9% in 1968 to 1974) among the hospitalised patients; absolute and relative increase of penicillin- (36,7%) and chloramphenicolreactions (21,6%) combined with a decreasing importance of sulfonamides and barbiturates among the causes of drug rashes; increase of urticarial - and decrease of fixed exanthemas: a yearly frequency of 3 to 4 clinically treated ore diagnosticated drug eruptions/100 000 inhabitants respectively 1 to 2 chloramphenicol and 1--5 penicillin-rashes/10 000 treatments. Even if only 10% of the drug eruptions are diagnosticated by us and 90% in other clinics or ambulances the frequency of penicillin-rashes merely amounts to 1 to 5%. | 134,917 | [
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The development of retinopathy in sucrose-fed and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. | Normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats have been maintained for 6--11 months on completely balanced, reconstituted diets in which the sole source of carbohydrate was either 68% corn starch or 68% sucrose. The retinal vascular system was isolated by trypsin digestion and examined histologically for the presence of tortuosity and irregularity of capillary diameter, increased PAS-positive deposits, microaneurysms, loss of pericytes, endothelial proliferation, acellularity and strand formation. None of these pathological changes occurred in normal rats fed a starch-rich diet, but all developed to a similar extent in the sucrose-fed normal rats and the starch-fed diabetic group. The changes were more severe in sucrose-fed diabetic rats after 6 months. In all groups the retinopathy progressed with time. The possibility that a factor common to both the ingestion of a sucrose-rich diet and streptozotocin diabetes in rats has been considered since, histologically, the retinopathy observed was identical both with respect to severity and rate of development in normoglycaemia, sucrose-fed and hyperglycaemia, starch-fed diabetic rats. | 134,921 | [
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Cell division and cytodifferentiation of odontoblasts. | The chronological delay of overt cytodifferentiation of odontoblasts in isochronal and heterochronal associations between inner dental epithelium and preameloblasts was analysed. The in vitro action of FUdR of tooth germs was summarised. The respective role of cell interaction and specific cell cycle was discussed. | 134,922 | [
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[Determination of skull volume (author's transl)]. | Various means for indirect skull volume determination were investigated. For this purpose--the procedure of direct measurement of skull volume was improved first, using a latex method. The examinations were carried out on 20 macerated skulls, which were x-rayed in the usual manner and stereoscopically also. Various distances and planes were then determined from the radiographs and varied calculations carried out. From these calculations it appears that skull volume can be simply determined most accurately from the product of transverse diameter (greatest width) and the area of median plane. | 134,946 | [
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... |
[Radiological aspects of cervical chordomas (author's transl)]. | The radiological findings in two patients with histologically verified cervical chordomas are described and compared with 40 others described in the literature. There is no typical radiographic picture. Our cases showed benign-looking, extensive bone erosions of vertebral bodies and neural arches. In addition, there was destruction of the related discs and a soft tissue mass at the level of the bony lesions. | 134,948 | [
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[Urographic effects of different states of diuresis (author's transl)]. | In 35 patients with normal renal function antidiuretic hormone (DDAVP) effected a significant contraction of renal pelvis and calices, while in 10 other cases an enlargement of the roentgenological size of the kidneys was caused by the administration of the diuretic furosemide (Lasix). These results suggest a dependence of urographic findings from the state of diuresis. | 134,953 | [
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[Renal toxicity of contrast media. Experimental study on dogs (author's transl)]. | Experiments injecting Indian ink have confirmed the theory that postangiographic renal damage is due primarily to ischaemia. Cortical ischaemia is due to vascular spasm and sludging caused by contrast medium. Current and previous experimental findings suggest the following course in the pathomechanism: vasospasm reduced blood velocity--aggregation of erythrocytes--further deterioration in the circulation--microemboli--irreversible sludge formation--arterial and venous thromboses--ischaemic foci--necrosis or infarction. It is not possible to prevent this damage by alpha blocking sympathicolytic drugs. | 134,954 | [
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[Application of the immunofluorescente (fluorescent antibody technique) in clinical immunology.--II. Application and significance (author's transl)]. | The fluorescent antibody technique is nowadays mainly a technique, which is routinely carried out in all clinical-immunological laboratories. The main fields of application in clinical immunology are the determination of autoantibodies (e.g. ANA, AMA, smooth muscle antibodies, parietal cell antibodies), detection of B-lymphocytes as well as bacterial antigens (e.g. Treponema pallidum). Furthermore the demonstration of deposits of immune complexes in tissues (e.g. glomerulonephritis, periarteriitis nodosa). The presented paper shows the different fields of application of the fluorescent antibody technique. It is pointed out that the FAT could be only one out of the variety of methods in clinical-immunological investigations. | 134,971 | [
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0.7396915,
0.5569596,
0.04450851,
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Results of virological and serological studies of three influenza A Hong-Kong epidemics in Leningrad. | An analysis of morbidity of the population in the course of 3 influenza A/Hong-Kong epidemics showed a pronounced decrease in influenza affection of adult population in the last epidemic in 1971--1972. Comparative studies of the diagnostic value of CFR and HIT demonstrated identical sensitivity of CFR as a method of influenza diagnostics in both the epidemic and interepidemic periods. HIT was suitable for the detection of influenza only in the epidemic period. In the interepidemic period, the percentage of influenza infection diagnosed by means of HIT ammounted to only 23--24 of all serologically confirmed cases of influenza. The highest percentage of virus isolation was observed when material from patients with serologically confirmed influenza was used. All strains of influenza A virus isolated in 1969 and 1970 were similar in their sensitivity to inhibitors of animal sera. During the last influenza epidemic, 2 of the 136 isolated strains were found to be resistant to gamma inhibitors and highly sensitive to the inhibitors showed their close relationship to gamma inhibitors. Antigenic analysis of the influenza A strains isolated during the 3 influenza epidemics revealed changes in the antigenic structure of the agents of the influenza epidemic in Leningrad in comparison with the standard strain A/Hong-Kong/I/68 (H3N2). | 135,027 | [
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Studies of subcellular control factors in hearts of uremic rats. | Subcellular fractions in hearts from rats with severe acute uremia (24 hours after total nephrectomy) and moderate chronic uremia (2 weeks after five sixths nephrectomy) were studied and compared with preparations from acute and chronic sham-operated rats, respectively. Calcium- and magnesium-sensitive actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activities were normal in both groups. Acute uremia was associated with a significant depression of sarcolemmal Na+,K+ ATPase activity. Calcium transport by fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum was also depressed in the presence and absence of oxalate in acute uremia. Mitochondrial calcium transport and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate (CP) concentrations were normal in these animals. Chronic uremic animals showed no abnormal subcellular mechanisms. These data suggest a direct effect of acute uremia on some membrane functions in myocardial cells. The discrepancies observed between acute and chronic uremic groups may be due to a different degree of uremic state. The observation of depressed calcium transport by fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum (FSR) in acute uremic hearts which were previously shown to have increased contractile reserve suggests that studies of calcium transport in FSR may not always truly reflect the contractile capacity of the heart. | 135,036 | [
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Biological basis for vestibuloplasty procedures. | There may be two distinct processes in the healing of open wounds, particularly of vestibuloplasty wounds. The first is the active process of contraction which is limited by grafting. The second is remodeling and includes the subgraft, graft, and changes in peripheral tissue (maturation). The perioral musculature may have an influence on the vestibuloplasty wound and this may explain loss in the vestibular depth. The biology of open wounds is discussed in terms of vestibuloplasty wounds. | 135,081 | [
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Control of synthesis of mRNA's for T4 bacteriophage-specific dihydrofolate reductase and deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase. | A 30 degrees C, functional messengers for dCMP hydroxymethylase first appeared 3 to 6 min postinfection and reached their maximum levels at 12 min. Chloramphenicol, added before the phage, reduced the rate of mRNA accumulation. When the antibiotic was added 6 min postinfection, mRNA levels increased at their normal rate but there was no obvious repression of messenger accumulation. Delaying the addition of drug until 8 or 12 min had progressively less effect on the pattern of hydroxymethylase mRNA metabolism. When chloramphenicol was present from preinfection times or from 6 min postinfection, all hydroxymethylase mRNA's synthesized were stable; at later times, however, the ability of the drug to stabilize mRNA decreased with its ability to delay the turnoff of mRNA production. An overaccumulation of hydroxymethylase mRNA was also seen when phage-specific DNA synthesis was inhibited either by mutational lesion in an essential viral gene or by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. By min 20 of a DNA-negative program, hydroxymethylase mRNA synthesis was repressed to the point where it no longer compensated for decay. However, a finite level of hydroxymethylase mRNA synthesis was maintained at later times of a DNA-negative infection. Such results indicate that replication of the phage chromosome is necessary but not sufficient for a complete turnoff of hydroxymethylase mRNA production. Functions controlled by the maturation-defective proteins (the products of genes 55 and 33) played only a minor role in the regulation of hydroxymethylase mRNA, metabolism. Thus, we favor the hypothesis that a complete turnoff of hydroxymethylase messenger production requires one or more new proteins as well as an interval of DNA replication. The absence of DNA synthesis had no particular effect upon dihydrofolate reductase messenger production. The preinfection addition of chloramphenicol likewise had little effect on dihydrofolate reductase messenger metabolism. These latter data imply that prior synthesis of a phage-coded protein synthesis may not be required for the turnoff of reductase messenger production. | 135,096 | [
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Malignant hyperthermia syndrome--evidence for denervation changes in human skeletal muscle. | The presence of denervation-like changes and abnormal mitochondria in the muscle of carriers of the malignant hyperthermia syndrome suggest a neuropathic basis for the human syndrome. A defect in mitochondrial ATP synthesis resulting from denervation, and potentiated by some general anaesthetics, may be the primary muscle fibre lesion in the human malignant hyperthermic syndrome. | 135,124 | [
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[Details of a denounced physician (E.N.T.) suspected of bodily injury, and the following expert judgement (author's transl)]. | An otologist was denounced and the patient's case history was confiscated because after tonsillectomy an absecess and a thrombosis of the vena jugularis interna had developed. The procedure and the medical aspect how at first being judged by the lawyer and the public prosecutor are described. On the base of the given medical opinion the court quashed proceedings. Because of the growing number of denouncements this casuistic paper ends with four guiding principles to protect against unjustified medicolegal blame. | 135,139 | [
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[Complications using imidazolin derivates and neomycin containing substances in irrigation therapy of the maxillary sinus (author's transl)]. | A 5-year-old boy, who suffered from a chronical maxillary sinusitis was treated by daily irrigations with an imidazolin derivate, followed by neomycin-containing solutions via drainage plastic tubes. 2 hours after the irrigation the boy showed signs of a generalized hyperergic reaction with unconciousness, bradycardy and hypertonus. After 18 hours the boy had recovered completely without incidents of nephrotoxic, ototoxic or neuronal damage. The toxic effects of Privin and Nebacetin are discussed. | 135,142 | [
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[Late results of stapedectomy after 15 years (author's transl)]. | Stapedectomy in Otosclerosis in using polyethylene struts or stainless-steel wire protheses results in permanent correction of the postoperative gap. The use of stainless-steel wire protheses however is successful with 94% of the patients regarding the postoperative gap, compared to 89% of the patients in using the polyethylene struts. The postoperative decrement of bone conduction is statistically significantly lower in the stainless-steel wire protheses than in polyethylene struts. | 135,148 | [
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[On the secretion of BAEE-esterase activity (kallikrein) in normal human parotid glands in rest and under stimulation (author's transl)]. | Kallikrein is an important mediator in microcirculation. Therefore, this work has been concerned with the excretion of kallikrein from human parotid glands. In 40 healthy persons kallikrein concentrations in resting parotid saliva were estimated. Subsequently, the glands were stimulated either by ascorbic acid or by subcutaneous injection of pilocarpin and the changes in BAEE-esterase activity were measured. The results show a significant increase of excreted enzyme on stimulation. Continuous stimulation, however, leads to exhaustion of the capacity of the glands within 40 min. After cessation of stimulation basal secretion rates are restored in the next 15 min. Kallikrein secretion is compared to the secretion of total protein, lysozym and immunglobulin A. | 135,152 | [
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[Schmincke carcinoma of the nasopharynx (author's transl)]. | 92 patients suffering from malignant nasopharynx tumors have been examined. They were classified according to their histological diagnosis and compared in point of view clinical particularity and prognosis. The lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) is the most common malignant tumor of this organ. It differs clearly in its clinical behaviour from all other tumors of the nasopharynx. Particularly striking is the early and - apart from rare exeptions - regular involvement of the regional neck lymphnodes. This fact allows an early recognition of the small primary tumor - with its consealed site and poor clinical symptoms - and improves consequently the 3-year-survival-rate of the LEC decisively. By combination of radiological and surgical treatment of the involved neck lymphnodes, the prognosis of the LEC can be further improved. Following our own findings and recent results from the tumor virus research we want to point out that LEC has to be considered as a special disease with its proper etiology and clinical appearance. | 135,168 | [
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[The influence of sclerosing medicaments on the tissue of the nasal septum An experimental examination]. | A vessel schlerosing medicament is being injected submucously into the septum cartilage of the rabbit. The reaction of epithelium, of vessel wall and cartilage surface is being investigated light-microscopically and intravital-microscopically. The result is a firmly compressed tissue connective with circular narrowed vessels. | 135,181 | [
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[Rupture of the round window membrane (author's transl)]. | Five cases of round window membrane rupture were described and under went surgery with gelfoam and/or adipose tissue repair. Short term post-operative follow-ups for a period of three to five months showed complete recovery of vestibular function yet only slight to moderate recovery of the cochlear. The clinical complex of sudden S.N. hearing loss, tinnitus with or without vertigo and ataxia is not uncommon and often presents a diagnostic problem. The patient is anxious to prevent further attacks and yearning for a cure from this relatively disabling condition. Among other causes, viral labyrinthitis and labyrinthine vascular occlusion have been blamed. R.W. membrane rupture, whatever is its underylying factor, as a cause of this clinical complex is well established. A well-planned management i.e. bed rest and/or properly timed exploratory tympanotomy with round window membrane tissue grafting may lead to a partial or total cure. | 135,186 | [
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DNA homologies among homothallic, pseudo-homothallic and heterothallic species of Neurospora. | Highly purified DNAs from three homothallic species Neurospora africana, N. dodgei and N. lineolata; three reference strains representing authentic heterothallic species, N. crassa, N. intermedia and N. sitophila; and two strains of pseudo-homothallic species N. tetrasperma were characterized by spectrophotometry and DNA reassociation using hydroxyapatite chromatography. All of these known species are closely related on the basis of DNA characteristics such as base composition and thermal denaturation profiles of major DNA components. Minor components of ascospore DNA was, however, only 5-7% of total DNA instead of 15-20% minor component DNA shown by mycelial DNA. Species belonging to same group were not distinguishable morphologically, but all of these species were distinguishable by DNA:DNA homology studies. Greater DNA homology was noticed between DNAs of heterothallic species and DNAs of pseudohomothallic species than DNA of true homothallic species. Difference on DNA-nucleotide sequences among homothallic species was very little. Pseudo-homothallic species N. tetrasperma was found to be distinctly different from homothallic species but closer to heterothallic species based on such studies. | 135,203 | [
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Differences among sulfated proteoglycans synthesized in nonchondrogenic cells, presumptive chondroblasts, and chondroblasts. | The sulfated proteoglycans synthesized by definitive chondroblasts in cultured 10-day chick vertebral or epiphyseal cartilages were characterized by their sedimentation profile in a sucrose gradient and their susceptibility to chondroitinase ABC (EC 4.2.2.4; chondroitin ABC lyase). These sulfated proteoglycans were indistinguishable from those synthesized by definitive chondroblasts that emerge from older cultures of somites plus notochord or in older cultures of limb buds. The sulfated proteoglycans of these definitive chondroblasts are readily distinguished from those synthesized by their mother cells, the presumptive chondroblasts, or those synthesized by dedifferentiated or bromodeoxyuridine-suppressed chondroblasts. However, the sulfated proteoglycans synthesized by presumptive chondroblasts or by dedifferentiated or bromodeoxyuridine-suppressed chondroblasts cannot be dintinguished by these techniques from those synthesized by (i) blastodisc cells, (ii) fibroblasts, (iii) spinal cord cells, or (iv) skeletal, cardiac, or smooth muscle cells. Addition of glycosaminoglycans or collagen to the medium did not induce somite or limb presumptive chondroblasts to synthesize the chondroblast-unique sulfated proteoglycans. Cells moving from the presumptive chondroblast compartment into the chondroblast compartment acquire not only the option to initiate the synthesis of chondroblast-unique collagen chains, but also the capacity to synthesize chondroblast-unique sulfated proteoglycans. | 135,259 | [
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Stimulation of a specific drive (predatory behaviour) by p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) in the rat. | In contrast to wild rats the percentage of animals showing predatory behaviour is very low among laboratory rats. Stimulation of this specific drive by systemic drug application has been mentioned only for pCPA and delta9-tetrahydrocannabinole. As detailed investigations concerning this stimulating property of pCPA are not published, the effect was studied in selected non-biting rats (without starvation and isolation) regarding dose- and time-dependence after single and repeated drug administration; further, D- and L-isomers of pCPA were included in the investigation. After single oral application of 200 to 3200 mg/kg DL-pCPA a dose-dependent stimulation of predatory behaviour was found. Smaller doses (200 or 400 mg/kg p.o.) given repeatedly on 3 consecutive days showed effects comparable with those after single administration of much higher doses (1600 or 3200 mg/kg p.o.). With repeated oral application of 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg on 10 consecutive days no difference was found between D- and L-pCPA concerning efficacy and time course of drug effect. Both after single and repeated administration in all series of tests the effect reached its maximum not before several days and faded almost completely in the drug-free after-period. D-methamphetamine HCl, investigated comparatively as a CNS stimulant, provoked no predatory behaviour in a wide dose-range (0.125 to 8.0 mg/kg p.o.) with repeated administration on 10 consecutive days. Within the control groups (total number of rats = 100) no animal showed predatory attach during an observation-period of at least 3 weeks. | 135,265 | [
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[On the problem of tolerance tests as final measure of medical rehabilitation (author's transl)]. | Work load evolvers from objectively describable and measurable tasks, which can be adjusted in intensity or duration. These tasks must be performed by different people; showing identical loads, as a rule, produce different effects on different people. This fact, i.e. different persons - different effects with identical loads, is, in ergonomics, operationally called strain (Laurig, W. 1975). Hence, strain is not only the consequence of work load, but also dependent upon the differences inherent in persons under the same load. In addition to the independent of the operations to be performed, there can occur further loads, i.e., physical environment influences. Hence the purpose of testing the work load of the disabled is to assess wide-ranging types of physical and psycho-mental loads with respect to their individual strain intensity and to develop, on the basis of the findings, appropriate proposals for career plans. | 135,316 | [
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[Considerations on the selection of training programmes in vocational training centres for disabled adolescents (author's transl)]. | Professional workers in vocational research are often asked what kinds of vocational training will be made available in the future for certain groups of people. An answer can be provided neither by demand prognoses nor by analyses carried out to determine the tendency of chance on the labour market. All the more so as today's scientific methods make it almost impossible to obtain reliable data on future vocational structures. When disabled adolescents chose their careers it becomes especially evident that permanent vocational resettlement is only possible when professionals from the various disciplines are closely co-operating in the selection and structuring of the different training programmes. On the other hand, the above considerations reveal the research gaps which have to be bridged if vocational training centres are to provide the disabled adolescents with an equilibrated selection of vocational training programmes. These considerations are presented here to a larger group of professionals from whom the author would appreciate incentives and critical comments. | 135,319 | [
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[Evolution of enterobiasis demonstrated by the action of active and passive detection with a (modified) NIH method in Oradea]. | The incidence of enterobiosis in the infantile population of Oradea was followed up by a modified NIH laboratory method. Active detection revealed an incidence of a latent state of enterobiosis of 21.9% in 1970, which fell to 3.9% in 1973. By passive detection, enterobiosis was found to decrease from 22.6% in 1970 to 16.1% in 1973, owing to the efficiency of the investigations and treatment applied. | 135,333 | [
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[Evolution of immunity to Toxoplasma gondii in an apparently healthy human population]. | In order to detect the evolution of the immune background in infections with T. gondii, investigations were carried out by the indirect immunofluorescence test in 231 apparently healthy subjects, belonging to different age-groups, from three rural localities in Moldavia. A second serologic test was performed after various intervals (6 months, 16 months, 5 years). The results showed that:--The evolution of the immune background appears to be conditioned by the factor time, significant variations only being recorded after longer intervals (5 years).--The immune background is relatively stable and durable; the state of individual immunity, however, although durable appears to be limited in time.--Serologic conversion per age-groups differs, new cases appearing in principle in the 5--9 years age-group and the negative results being obtained in the 10--14 years age-group and after the age of 15 years.--The 5--9 years age-group presents a particular reactivity, evidenced by the high proportion of ascending titers. | 135,332 | [
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... |
[Nutrition of the population of Kazakhstan]. | Basic results of research on the problem of nutrition in Kazakhstan over the whole period of the Soviet system are reported. In the Republic main attention was focussed on the study of the actual dietary pattern of the population in different geographic zones. The results of investigations served as a background to proposals aimed at rationalizing the dietary for the population of Kazakhstan, at working out standard rates of the foodstuffs consumption, approved by the State Planning Commission of the Kazakh SSR back in 1973. The principal objectives for further research work in the Republic are outlined. | 135,413 | [
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0.2828551,
0.3082808,
0.309099,
0.01632751,
-... |
[The reaction of the pulpal blood circulation to thermal stimuli]. | The present paper characterizes the reactions of the systemcirculation and microcirculation of the pulpa to the effects of temperature changes from--30 degrees C to +55 degrees C. In the range between 25 degrees C and 50 degrees C an increase of the blood flow rate can be observed. By long-standing action of temperatures above 40 degrees C and below 25 degrees C a dilatation of the blood vessels and a decrease of the blood flow rate are caused, thus leading to aggregations, capillary stoppage, and finally to thrombosis of entire pulpa sections. In addition to the outline of the critical initial alterations of the microcirculation in the course of inflammation the clinical conclusions towards crown and cavity preparation by means of water spray cooling, concerning thermal sensibility tests, and cryo-surgical operations are discussed. | 135,441 | [
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0.09288505,
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0.4328537,
0.1127455,
0.07130418,... |
Heart volume and myocardial connective tissue during development and regression of thyroxine-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. | To determine whether development and regression of cardiac hypertrophy are accompanied by changes in heart volume and to learn whether a change in heart volume is associated with changes in the myocardial connective tissue, cardiac hypertrophy was induced in rats by administration of thyroxine. Rats were given L-thyroxine for 4 weeks. Heart volume was estimated radiologically in vivo at the start of the experiment and at 1- or 2-week intervals for 7 weeks. At each of these stages a number of rats were killed, their hearts were weighed and determinations were made of the myocardial contents of DNA, of collagen measured as hydroxyproline, and of glycosaminoglycans, measured as uronic acid. After thyroxine treatment the ratio of left heart ventricle weight to body weight and of heart volume to body weight rose significantly. The increase in heart weight was greater than the increase in heart volume. At the same time, there was a significant decrease in the concentration of hydroxyproline. After discontinuation of thyroxine treatment heart volume, heart weight and the concentration of myocardial collagen returned to normal within 2 weeks. However, the total amount of myocardial collagen was still less than normal at 2 weeks. The results suggest that the decrease in the amount of myocardial collagen associated with thyroxine-induced cardiac hypertrophy--because it results in a weakening of the supporting properties of the myocardial connective tissue framework--might contribute to a slight increase in in vivo heart volume. | 135,476 | [
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0.08937743,
0.1555498,
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0.119346,
0.3747593,
0.09544712,
-0.3310412,
-0... |
[Effect of 17beta-estradiol-3-monobenzoate on humoral antibody formation in mice]. | 17beta-Estradiol-3-monobenzoate injected s.c. in mice led to a dose-dependent stimulation of the global reticuloendothelial clearance function. Furthermore, a significant depression of serum hemagglutinin levels, being independent of the anitgen dose, was noticed. Although a slight decrease of antigen-sensitive (memory) cells was revealed, estradiol treatment before priming failed to impair immunological memory as assayed by hemagglutinin titers in the secondary reaction. Estradiol administration was followed by charakteristic organ weight changes (liver, thymus, adrenals). According to the literature it is suggested that estradiol, like diethylstilbestrol, is capable of depressing humoral antibody formation by differential effects on the reticuloendothelial system. | 135,498 | [
0.0202693,
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0.1579527,
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0.006375019,
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0.156438,
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0.4850377,
0.08697343,
0.08161751,
-0.03962617,... |
[Comparative study on lymphocyte stimulation by PHA and bacterial endotoxins, particularly in malignant tumor and allergy patients]. | In a group of 37 tumor patients with predominantly advanced disease, LPS stimulation (LPS of Sh. sonnei and Sh. flexneri) resulted in a significant increase of the transformation rates caused, most probably, by the high proportion of B cells. On the other hand, allergics (drug allergies) did not differ from controls. It seems possible that B cell stimulation by bacterial endotoxins can be used for the assessment of the reactivity of the organism. | 135,504 | [
0.1444717,
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0.04585241,
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0.3112516,
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0.1334422,
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0.03691811,
0.009560776,
0.2582294,
0.587898,
0.07684873,
-0.16152... |
[Purification of skin reactive factor (SRF) in mice]. | For the purification and further characterisation of the skin-reactive factor (SRF) of the mouse, the SRF-containing ascitic fluid of Ehrlich ascites tumor was exposed to different separation or elution procedures. After preliminary purification by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation when the total activity was not in the dialysable supernatant, gel-chromatographic separation (Sephadex G-200), immune electrophoretic investigations as well as ion exchange chromatography were performed. The skin-reactive activity in fraction I of gel chromatiography is presumably caused by a toxic substance with skin-irritating properties. The SRF demonstrable in fraction II/2 has a molecular weight similar to that of albumin, can be found in the ion exchange chromatography (DEAE-Sephadex A-50-column) in fraction III, and is of proteinic nature. | 135,506 | [
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0.1064413,
0.1635234,
0.407872,
0.1742876,
-0.08016711,
-0.2978766,
... |
[Leukocyte migration inhibition test in skin chamber--an in-vivo method]. | For the demonstration of a cell-mediated sensitisation, tuberculin allergics, chromate allergics, penicillin allergics, and controls were investigated. The method used was the measurement of leukocyte migration inhibition in a Teflon skin chamber with and without addition of antigen, which approaches to testing under in vivo conditions. In 10 of 11 tuberculin allergics, 6 of 7 chromate allergics, and 7 penicillin allergics, a clear inhibition of leucocyte migration after addition of antigen could be observed (maximum 16 h after addition of antigen). In 16 unsensitised controls no significant migration inhibition appeared. Possible advantages of this method over in vitro methods and intracutaneous tests are discussed. | 135,507 | [
0.01717673,
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0.2124353,
0.1377819,
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0.2419184,
0.613945,
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0.2156026,
-0.03... |
Acupuncture in chronic pain. | A course of 10 daily acupuncture treatments was given to 200 patients who suffered from chronic pain syndromes of at least one year duration and the result assessed at the end of the course of treatment and after an interval of at least 2 months. Treatments were individualized using needling of body loci distally and near the site of pain, and ear acupuncture. In 38 patients suffering from chronic headaches, including 13 cases of migraine-type headache, 81% reported an improvement in their condition, but only one patient was pain free for the 2-month observation period. In 162 patients with other chronic pain problems, 99 or 61% were improved or pain free at the end of treatment; in 69 of these a worthwhile degree of improvement persisted over the observation period of 2 months. Thirteen percent of all patients did not respond to acupuncture and in 26% the response was considered as transient only. Daily treatments are not more effective than weekly or biweekly treatments. Pain in the neck and shoulder region, in the knee and low back pain responded to acupuncture with prolonged improvement in over 50% of the patients treated. Facial pain syndromes and pain in the region of the trunk were least responsive and only 3 of 11 patients with post-herpetic neuralgia reported still having less pain after 2 months. Needling of effective loci and particularly ear needling often causes an instantaneous reduction or disappearance of pain; the speed of this response can only be explained by a mechanism within the nervous system. Based on our experience acupuncture represents a useful therapeutic modality in the management of pain. | 135,511 | [
0.4400216,
0.263825,
0.05401947,
0.06260197,
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0.19149,
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0.09569497,
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0.2318691,
0.1928182,
-0.0906029,
... |
Isolation of exocellular polymer from Zoogloea strains MP6 and 106 and from activated sludge. | Exocellular polymer was isolated from zoogloeae of Zoogloea strains MP6 and 106 and from activated sludge flocs by blending samples with phosphate buffer and precipitation of solubilized polymer with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Samples of polymer from these sources were similar and yielded amino sugars as the principal components after acid hydrolysis. | 135,526 | [
-0.1288827,
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0.1643907,
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0.3041583,
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0.2860674,
0.1336439,
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0.1822644,
0.116397,
-0.02873958,
... |
Staphylococci from the feces of different animal species: biotypes of Staphylococcus aureus strains of sheep and goat origin. | Staphylococcus aureus was found in 96% of the rectal swabs from 133 sheep and in 80% of the swabs from 125 goats. Seventy-seven percent of the isolates from both hosts exhibited the fibrinolytic and growth characteristics of human biotype A on human plasma and crystal violet agar, respectively, but 99% of these isolates resembled S. aureus of animal origin in their other properties. Only 21% of the sheep and 24% of the goat isolates were clearly identifiable as human biotype A and animal biotypes B and C. | 135,527 | [
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0.1049079,
0.393086,
0.1843597,
0.3077363,
0.4398569,
-0.1264178,
... |
False aneurysms of the femoral artery: a challenge in management. | Forty patients with aneurysms of the femoral arteries were evaluated. Thirty had 34 false aneurysms and 23 were secondary to disruption of the suture line of a graft-to-artery anastomosis. All the false aneurysms were found in association with a synthetic material used as a bypass or arterial substitute. No direct relationship was found between the suture material and the incidence of anastomotic aneurysms in this series. Infection associated with the development of a false aneurysm was followed by a high incidence of amputation. Various techniques of repair have been used to restore the flow and preserve the viability of the limb. Recommendations are made to decrease the incidence of this complication. | 135,534 | [
-0.2176721,
0.2090928,
-0.2788033,
0.2167989,
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-0.1908704,
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-0.3801358,
0.2244832,
0.2033661,
-0.04514861,
0.1200161,... |
[Acetylcholine of bovine iris and cholinergic effects of pilocarpine]. | The authors extracted acetylcholine (ACh) from bovine iris and carried out biological assay on guinea pig ileum. One of the pairs of irides were subjected in vivo for an hour to an aqueous solution of pilocarpine HCl 3 per cent, with the loading dose instilled in the conjunctival sac at the rate of ten times three drops in intervals of three minutes. The bio-assays of tissue extracts of pilocarpinised iris after one hour's action and the control studies present the following values: the amount of ACh in the pilocarpinised irides was 0,70 mug and in the controls it was 0,58 mug of ACh/150 mg of tissue. The remaining proportion of the elevated dose of pilocarpine applied to the iris tissue, one hour after the in vivo action, was comparable only to 1,5 mug of free pilocarpine or to a fifth of the ACh in the iris (0,12 mug). The results of these experiments demonstrate a complete decomposition of the pilocarpine as well as the existence of a certain limitation of elevation of the cholinergic tone in the iris tissues. The authors support data in the literature which indicates that pilocarpine raises the ACh levels. They do not attribute a fundamental importance to the raised loading dose of pilocarpine concerning the desired effect of a maximal elevation of cholinergic tone in order to achieve a favourable clinical effect in glaucoma. | 135,549 | [
-0.02804012,
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0.05744271,
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0.2099688,
0.1678607,
0.4147708,
0.4948595,
0.2171477,
0.2168591... |
Differential effects of para-chlorophenylalanine on amphetamine-induced locomotion and stereotypy. | Amphetamine-induced locomotion and stereotypy were concurrently evaluated in order to determine if pretreatment with para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) (which is reported to facilitate some of the effects of amphetamine) results in a behavioral pattern similar to the augmentation previously reported to occur with repeated amphetamine administration. In the present study the behavioral response of rats was characterized after administration of saline or various doses of D-amphetamine (0.5, 2.5 and 4.0 mg/kg) for 48 h following PCPA (300 mg/kg) or vehicle injection. The predominant effects produced by the low dose of D-amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg), i.e., enhanced crossovers and rearings, were found to be significantly elevated after PCPA administration. This effect persisted (relative to PCPA controls) when the response of non-PCPA pretreated animals returned to corresponding control levels, thus indicating that the two drugs acted synergistically. However, while the locomotor component of the amphetamine response was potentiated by PCPA pretreatment, the more focused stereotypies produced by higher doses of amphetamine (2.5 and 4.0 mg/kg) were significantly displaced by enhanced crossovers and rearings. These differential effects of PCPA on amphetamine-induced locomotion and stereotypy are in contrast to the uniform pattern of behavioral augmentation resulting from repeated amphetamine administration. The relationship between the various behavioral components of the amphetamine response and the possible neurochemical mechanisms subserving their interaction are discussed. | 135,600 | [
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0.09274244,
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0.2159224,
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0.04709286,
0.332951,
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0.2794811,
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0.2342472,
-0.3162166,
-0.06416342,
0.08223094,
... |
[Influence of anti-lactate dehydrogenase M antibodies on the proliferation of KB tumor cells]. | The IgG antilactate-dehydrogenase M inhibits the corresponding isozyme in the KB tumoral cells cultivated in vitro. It has an inhibitory action on the prliferation of these cells. These data corroborate those obtained previously with chemical inhibitors of LDH-M. | 135,609 | [
-0.08544152,
-0.3181005,
0.09707192,
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-0.1301011,
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0.01791873,
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0.1189738,
0.2285283,
0.2342954,
0.1003903,
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0.05155132,
0.1636393,
0.4372265,
0.4458911,
-0.2305387,
-0.2701294,... |
[Characterization of various digestive enzyme activities of Palaemon serratus Pennant (Crustacea, Decapoda) after polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis]. | Soluble proteins of hepatopancreatic, extracts of Palaemon serratus (Crustacea, Deapoda) are separated by polyacrylamide gradient gel electoresis. The characterisation of the enzymatic activities is carried out directly on the polyacrylamide gel. The zymogram includes the following activities: acid and alcalin phosphatses, phosphamidase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase and twenty bands with esterasic activities. The molecular weights are indicated. | 135,624 | [
-0.436505,
-0.2010822,
-0.07207357,
0.00887191,
0.03647816,
-0.1620001,
-0.3919998,
-0.01333437,
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0.02692291,
0.1233814,
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0.2427305,
-0.03381633,
0.004515856,
0.2275269,
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0.1899609,
0.4870444,
0.1766342,
0.139663,
0.05450007,
-0.1714862,
... |
[The hypotensive action of bradykinin in the guinea pig and cat]. | In the guinea-pig as in the cat, the duration of the bradykinin general arterial hypotension is reduced by indometacine. This decrease is due to the inhibition of the synthesis of endogenous vasodilatator prostaglandins. The guinea-pig and the cat present the same type of reactivity for bradykinin as the rabbit, the dog and the rat. | 135,632 | [
-0.09984073,
-0.1104575,
0.02672372,
0.01858851,
0.3054921,
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0.07932346,
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0.0004378726,
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0.396828,
0.2809612,
0.2476847,
-0.01534812,
-0.01559297,
-0.09... |
[Influence of body position on the urinary output of adrenaline and noradrenaline]. | In normal subjects in basal conditions, urinary excretion of noradrenaline is directly related to the hydrostatic pressure changes induced by the body posture in the dependant parts of the venous system. Adrenaline elimination is no influenced by these factors. | 135,634 | [
-0.09460389,
0.1098545,
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0.03249691,
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0.0501745,
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0.07741272,
-0.03104224,
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0.1968343,
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0.1792258,
0.1326922,
0.05850739,
0.07761943,
... |
Cytogenetic studies and clinical implications in patients with Sézary syndrome. | Chromosome studies were carried out on 11 National Institutes of Health (N.I.H.) patients who had the diagnosis of Sézary syndrome. Heteroploidy, multiple markers including minute and ring chromosomes, and a lack of modality and clone formation, were the common chromosomal findings in this syndrome. Abundant spontaneous division of heteroploid cells in unstimulated peripheral blood cultures, a high percentage of heteroploid cells in stimulated culture, and finally, clone formation, are signs of a fulminant process and lead to the terminal phase of this disease. Early chemotherapeutic eradication of these heteroploid neoplastic cells would, therefore, be the treatment of choice in this disease. | 135,639 | [
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0.2820674,
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0.08510374,
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0.2890181,
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0.00671891,
-0.2049624,
0.2472563,
0.5225253,
0.2749328,
-0.001010454,
... |
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