title stringlengths 0 901 | abstract stringlengths 3 9.89k | PMID int64 22 25.3M | embedding listlengths 768 768 |
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The lymphocyte activating influence of the HLA-A region. | Six individuals with an established recombination between the HLA-A and the HLA-B loci of the major histocompatibility complex have been tested in unilateral mixed lymphocyte cultures with other members of their families. A weak, but statistically significant lymphocyte activating influence of the HLA-A chromosomal region has been observed. | 140,198 | [
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Secretion of the adrenal androgen, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, during normal infancy, childhood, and adolescence, in sick infants, and in children with endocrinologic abnormalities. | Serum concentrations of the adrenal androgen, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, were measured by radioimmunoassay in normal infants and children, in sick premature and full-term newborn infants, and in patients undergoing evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and -adrenal systems. Premature infants had significantly greater (p less than 0.001) levels of DHAS (263 +/- 40)[SE]migrong/dl) than did full-term infants (58.9 +/- 5.2) during the first ten days of life; further increments occurred in stressed "sick" infants. A gradual age- and maturity-related rise in serum concentrations of DHAS was observed during childhood with the earliest increase occurring prior to the onset of pubertal production of gonadal steroids. Serum levels of DHAS rose following administration of ACTH and were increased in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, in whom rapid decrements followed treatment with dexamethasone. hCG or LH-RH treatment did not alter DHAS concentrations. These data suggest that direct secretion of DHAS by the adrenal gland and/or peripheral sulfation of DHA, rather than gonadal secretion, accounts for the majority of DHAS production. The involvement of adrenal androgens in the pubertal maturation of the reproductive endocrine system thus may be evaluated by quantitation of serum DHAS. | 140,222 | [
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Interrelations between specialized cells, capillaries and intermediary cyto-fibrillar elements, IXth note. The fibrillar apparatus of the human dermis during ageing. | The dynamics of mean density on conventional microscopic field method of the fibrillar apparatus (collagenous, elastic and reticular fibers and fragments) both in the papillary and profound dermis is followed up. In this study 40 fragments of human skin from 4 groups were included: children, adults, aged people with lesions of senile keratosis and without lesions of senile keratosis. Some histological and biochemical data from the literature were confirmed. Using the conventional microscopic field method a new element was proved, namely: the changes connected with age are significant and present a stereotypic succession; However, these changes are not always similarin intensity and direction for the three varieties of the fibers and in both layers of the dermis. An increase tendency of the fibrillar apparatus beginning from the childhood to the adulthood and then a differentiated decrease or stabilization towards the old age with the appearance of senile keratosis lesions were noticed. During ageing the fibrillar elements of the dermis become thickened and fragmented, with implications on the physiological functions of the skin. | 140,316 | [
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[Preliminary clinical experience with antibacterial surgical sutures]. | Surgical sutures made of Letilan-Lavsan and polyvinyl alcohol fibers with morphocycline and neomycin and filamentous Letilan were applied in 802 patients in the past 4 years. These sutures display considerable antibacterial properties. The antibacterial effect of Letilan-Lavsan sutures is reduced during the healing because of formation of fibrous capsules, the fibers themselves not being deprived of their antibacterial properties for a long period. The Letilan fibers undergo gradual fragmentation and degradation. The antibacterial properties of polyvinyl alcohol fibers added with morphocycline and neomycin are retained for 2 months in the body tissues. The antibacterial Letilan-Lavsan sutures and filamentous Letilan sutures can be sterilized by autoclaving, applying hydrogen peroxide--formic acid mixture, gamma irradiation and ethylene oxide. The unsterilized antibacterial sutures can be used as cutaneous sutures in surgical procedures. | 140,373 | [
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Effect of premature weaning on the fatty acid composition of rat adipose tissue. | The authors described the effect of premature weaning on the fatty acid spectrum in the retroperintoneal fat of female rats during ontogenesis. Premature weaning reduced the lower fatty acid content [decanoic acid C 10:0, lauric acid C 12:0, myristic acid C 14:0] in 30- to 90-day-old rats, but in further development no differences between the amount of these fatty acids were observed in suckled and prematurely weaned animals. These changes concurred with the fatty acid composition of the relevant diet (rat milk and a standard laboratory diet). Changes induced in the amount of other acids by premature weaning were not permanent in character, with the exception of stearic acid C 18:0 and linoleic acid C 18:3, which were raised at 720 days in the retroperitoneal fat of prematurely weaned rats. The amount of lower saturated fatty acids fell with advancing age, whereas oleic C 18:1, linolic C 18:2 and linolenic C 18:3 acid rose. | 140,394 | [
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Bicarbonate stimulation of mitochondrial ATPase. Effect of physical training. | Bicarbonate stimulation of hepatic mitochondrial ATPase activity decreased in rats subjected to intense physical training and reached minimum values at the end of the third week. The stimulatory effect of bicarbonate on mitochondrial heart ATPase remained unaffected under equal conditions. ATPase stimulation by dinitrophenol and sensitivity to oligomycin, both in mitochondria from rat liver or heart, were not affected by physical training. Results suggest that stimulation by dinitrophenol and bicarbonate might be due to effects on separate sites of the enzyme. | 140,443 | [
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A comparative study of the physical performance capacity of rural and urban Burmese women aged 19-24 years. | A comparative study of the physical performance capacity of 32 Burmese women aged 19-24 years of the rural and urban area was conducted. Difference in physique was found between the two groups. Maximal oxygen uptake of the rural group was 39.21 ml/kg/min and that of the urban group was 32.32 ml/kg/min, the difference being significant at 0.1% level. Maximal oxygen pulse and maximal work load were significant only at 2% and 5% levels respectively. Though maximal ventilation in the rural group had a higher mean value it was not significant. These showed a higher cardiorespiratory fitness in the rural group, which was attributable to their high work intensity of 55.13% of the maximal aerobic power. However, a positive training effect of habitual physical activity on muscle strength could not be observed in this study. | 140,462 | [
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Backache in the aged. | Backache is a treatable condition in most geriatric patients. A detailed history, a careful clinical examination, an X-ray examination and determination of the sedimentation rate usually enable one to categorize the discomfort as a "mechanical syndrome" or as a "pathological syndrome" of back pain. The former indicates that the tissues of the back are essentially normal but are displaced or strained, while the latter indicates an infiltration of the tissues by a pathological process. The important conditions causing backache in elderly patients in these two groups are listed and their treatment is discussed. | 140,467 | [
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Feline panleukopenia. II. The relationship of intestinal mucosal cell proliferation rates to viral infection and development of lesions. | Proliferation rates of small intestinal mucosal cells of noninfected germfree and specific pathogen-free kittens were compared to the incidence of infected cells and microscopic lesions in kittens experimentally infected with panleukopenia virus. Mucosal crypt length, cells per crypt, mitotic index and villous length were greater in specific pathogen-free kittens than in germfree kittens. Crypt cells per unit length and villous length per crypt length ratio were greater in germfree kittens. The cryptal cell proliferation rate of specific pathogen-free kittens was 2.24 times that of germfree kittens. Mucosal crypt length, cell per crypt and villous length were greater in the proximal jejunum than in the midjejunum of kittens within groups. Cell proliferation rates per crypt did not differ between areas of the intestine in kittens within groups. There were more virus-infected cells and lesions in specific pathogen-free kittens than in germfree kittens. The incidence of virus-infected cells and lesions was greater in the proximal jejumum and decreased along the small intestine. | 140,499 | [
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[Study of the active calcium transport mechanisms in uterine smooth muscle]. | Calcium ions were shown to be actively accumulated in mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of uterine smooth muscle of rabbit and cattle. In presence of magnesium ions Ca2+ (10-6-10-4 M) activate microsomal ATPase from cattle uterus. The rate of formation and dissociation of the intermediate phosphorylated substance of Mg2+, Ca2+-ATPase was found to be lower in microsomes of smooth muscles than in sarcoplasmic reticulum of sceletal muscles. Serotonine (concentration 10-6 M) increased the dissociation of the intermediate phosphorylated substance from microsomes of uterine smooth muscle and decreased their capacity to bind Ca2+. At the same concentration serotonine inhibited the ATP-dependent accumulation of 45Ca by microsomes of uterine smooth muscle. | 140,526 | [
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[Investigation of alkylation in rat liver chromatin after application of 3H-cyclophosphamid--"fine-distribution" and kinetics]. | The alkylation of chromatin constituents (DNA, histones and non-histones) in liver cell nuclei was investigated at various times after intraperitoneal injection of rats with 3H-cyclophosphamid. The highest alkylation was found in the DNA, the lowest in the histones; the euchromatic portions were alkylated several times higher compared to those of the heterochromatin. The eventual elimination of 3H-activity with time indicates that cyclophosphamid leads to repair processes in the DNA, this conclusion being supported by other experimental observations. In some of the 16 subfractions of the nonhistone proteins, alkylated portions are apparantly eliminated by normal protein turnover; however, in other nonhistones this elimination is inhibited, whereby in one subfraction it seems to be accelerated. The results of analog experiments with 14C-tryptophan as a precursor for nonhistone protein synthesis serve as a reference for this. In supplementary in-vitro model experiments using triaziquon as an alkylating agent indications for DNA-Protein-cross-links in chromatin could be obtained by the technique of X-ray low angle scattering, and according to sedimentation behaviour. | 140,541 | [
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Morphology, classification and histogenesis of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine-induced carcinomas in the urinary bladder of rats. | The aim of the experiments was to determine whether the various types of carcinomas found in the human urinary bladder were reproducible in animals. We added n-butyl-n-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day to the drinking water of 177 female Wistar rats for a period of 40 to 150 days. After a total experimental time of between 150 and 250 days the animals were sacrified. The spectrum of carcinomas induced, includes all the types known to occur in man. The various tumor types occurred with the same frequency as in man and exhibited the same growth patterns. Variously differentiated papillary and non-papillary transitional cell carcinomas comprised 88.8% of tumors registered. 5.1% were keratinized and nonkeratinized squamous cell carcinomas, 2.2% adenocarcinomas. 1.1% were undifferentiated carcinomas and 2.8% were carcinomas of the mixed type with squamous cell and transitional cell differentiation. Histogenetically adenocarcinomas were found to originate from glandular metaplasia and squamous cell carcinomas from squamous metaplasia within completely developed transitional cell carcinomas. Furthermore it was possible to induce proliferative lesions such as von Brunn's nests, cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis. However, we found no clues to substantiate the development of adenocarcinomas from these proliferative lesions, or for that matter squamous cell carcinomas from squamous metaplasia of the otherwise unchanged urothelium. The present experimental model seems particulary suited for the search of further information regarding the development of tumors in the human bladder. | 140,544 | [
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Histochemical reactions for mucopolysaccharides in the dinosaur bone. Studies on Epon- and methacrylate-embedded semithin sections as well as on isolated osteocytes and ground sections of bone. | The dinosaur bone was examined with the aim to detect in it the presence of mucopolysaccharides. The methacrylate- and Epon-embedded semithin sections of the studied bone were found to contain substances giving positive reaction on application of histochemical procedures used for identification of mucopolysaccharides (mucosubstances). These substances were also shown to be localized in the perivascular space, within the vascular canal, and around the osteocytes. The distribution of mucopolysaccharides in the dinosaur bone turned out to be comparable with their distribution in the bones of contemporary animals. | 140,578 | [
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Plural growth factors in the supernatant of embryos and adult muscles of chickens. | An attempt was made to isolate the cell proliferation stimulation factors in the supernatant of embryo carcases and adult muscles of chickens. Evidence was obtained for the presence of at least two or more stimulating factors in both the embryonic and adult muscular supernatants. These factors did not require a supplement of sera or other supporting agents. Furthermore, the use of the salting-out method with ammonium sulfate revealed two or more growth stimulants in the supernatant of chick cells. | 140,593 | [
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Pathophysiologic assessment of hypertensive heart disease with echocardiography. | Assessment of the pathophysiologic changes associated with systemic hypertension has been limited by difficulty in justifying invasive studies of the left ventricle. Echocardiography, because it is notinvasive, offers an attractive method of assessing cardiac dimensions and function in hypertensive heart disease. Fourteen age-matched normotensive subjects and 31 patients with hypertension (but without clinical evidence of coronary artery disease) were studied before receiving any antihypertensive therapy. The patients with hypertension were classified into three groups on the basis of previously established electrocardiographic and chest X-ray criteria: group I, normal electrocardiogram and chest roentgenogram (13 patients); group II, left atrial abnormality by electrocardiogram and a normal chest roentgenogram (8 patients); and group III, left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram or chest roentgenogram, or both (10 patients). Mean arterial pressure increased significantly from group I to group II and from group II to group III (P is less than 0.01), and this increase was associated with a similar progressive increase in left ventricular mass assessed with echocardiogram (P is less than 0.01). A significant increase was also found in both posterior wall and septal thickness in groups II (P is less than 0.05) and III (P is less than 0.01). In association with this increased mass a significant decrease in ejection fraction and fractional fiber shortening was demonstrated in groups II (P is less than 0.05) and III (P is less than 0.01) although cardiac index was reduced only in group III (P is less than 0.05). Thus, increased ventricular mass can be identified with echocardiography at an early stage of hypertensive heart disease when only left atrial abnormality is identifiable with electrocardiographic criteria and decreased left ventricular performance occurs with increasing arterial pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy. | 140,601 | [
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Analytical approach to mathematical modelling of the isometric contraction of the hypertrophied myocardium. | It is attempted on the basis of the Hill two-element model to simulate mathematically the rising phase of the isometric mechanogram in the pressure-hypertrophied rat myocardium (Goldblatt II). The evaluation is based on the experimentally determined force-velocity relation as well as on the characteristic of the series-elastic stiffness. The changes in the isometric mechanogram of the hypertrophied heart muscle observed in the experiment can be mathematically predicted solely by means of the alterations in the force-velocity relationships induced by the hypertrophy, whereby the characteristic of the series-elastic stiffness is considered to be unchanged. | 140,659 | [
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Changes of myocardial adenine nucleotide and protein synthesis during development of cardiac hypertrophy. | 1. Studies on three models of cardiac hypertrophy (aortic constriction, application of isoproterenol, daily administrations of 3,3'5-triiodo-L-thyronine, respectively) reveal that the enhancement of de novo synthesis of adenine nucleotides occurs very early during the development of cardiac hypertorphy and always precedes the increase of protein synthesis. Therefore, it seems likely that the accelerated synthesis of adenine nucleotides is an important factor among those metabolic processes involved in the stimulation of protein synthesis in the hypertrophying heart. 2. As far as the mechanism for the observed enhancement of adenine nucleotide synthesis is concerned, it has been demonstrated that the available pool of 5-phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate, an essential precursor substance of de novo synthesis, is increased in the hypertrophying heart due to isoproterenol and 3,3'5-triiodo-L-thyronine, respectively. | 140,670 | [
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Cardiac myosin. Phylogenic and pathological changes. | Several proteins of the sarcomere differ from one muscle to the other, but it is also becoming evident that cardiac myosin, tropomyosin and troponin are species specific. Moreover, several properties of cardiac myosin could be modified under the influence of thyroxine, exercise, or overloading. These changes are closely related to the speed of shortening of the muscle and to the degree of stimulation of protein synthesis, but nobody is presently able to say if, in heart overloading, the modifications of myosin are a primary defect which is the origin of the failure or if they are only expressing a better adaptation of myocardial efficiency to the decrease of work. | 140,671 | [
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Restriction of beta-adrenergic responsiveness in hypertrophied ventricular myocardium of rats. | A singel subcutaneous dose (1 mg/kg) of isoproterenol (ISO) increases the net calcium-45 uptake into the ventricular myocardium of normal rats by a factor of 4 within 6 hours. When the same dose of ISO was administered to rats with aortic constriction the rise in labelled Ca uptake by the hypertrophied myocardium of the left ventricle was greatly reduced. A decrease in ISO-induced Ca uptake also occurred in the non-hypertrophied right ventricular myocardium. Consequently, the stimulatory effect of ISO on the Ca-dependent high energy phosphate consumption was considerably diminished. A similar restriction of ISO-induced radiocalcium uptake and ATP utilization occurred in hypertrophied hearts of chronically ISO-treated rats or when the rats were exposed to other forms of experimental stress such as bleeding or cold. Although the ISO-induced cardiomegaly was reversed within 7 days, the insensitivity to beta-adrenergic stimulation persisted for more than 3 weeks. The results indicate that the decrease in responsiveness to beta-adrenergic agents is not due to the hypertrophy itself but must be considered to be an independent phenomenon - possibly resulting from adaptation to chronic beta-adrenergic overstimulation. | 140,674 | [
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Left ventricular systolic wall stress as a primary determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption: comparative studies in patients with normal left ventricular function, with pressure and volume overload and with coronary heart disease. | Left ventricular dynamics, coronary blood flow (Vcor), and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) were determined in normal patients (N), in chronic pressure overload (aortic stenosis, AS), in chronic volume overload (aortic incompetence, AI), and in coronary heart disease (CHD). Peak systolic and enddiastolic wall stress were increased in AS and AI by 26-52 per cent, the systolic stress being preferably increased in AS, whereas enddiastolic stress was markedly greater in AI. Vcor and MVO2 were elevated in both groups by 45-55 per cent (p less than 0.001). Sufficient correlation was present between peak systolic wall stress and the MVO2 (r equal to 0.82). Since at a given wall stress the MVO2 was somewhat increased in AI and AS when compared with N and CHD, the considerable inhancement of the rate of pressure development (AS) was well as of the external cardiac work (AI) may contribute to the increase in overall oxygen consumption. It is concluded that systolic wall stress represents a primary determinant of MVO2 in pressure and volume overload and that the MVO2 increases in these diseases when hypertrophy becomes inappropriate with regard to the pressure and volume demands imposed to the left ventricle. | 140,677 | [
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[The properties, especially antispamodic, of total alkaloids of the roots of Xylopia quintasii Engl. and Diels. Annomacea]. | DL50 of the total alkaloids of Xylopia quintasii is 850 mg/kg per os in the mice. Papaverine like properties are described. | 140,732 | [
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[Diuretic action of calcitonin: demonstration of an inhibiting effect on sodium reabsorption in the ascending limb of Henlé's loop]. | It was found that calcitonin (porcine) at the dose: 4 I.U. MRC./kg/hr (i.v.), in the rabbit, increased the diuresis and oxmolal excretion, and simultaneously decreased free-water reabsorption and urinary osmolality. The results suggest that calcitonin acts by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the ascending limb of Henl's loop. This hypothesis was confirmed by renal autoradiography study with 22Na. | 140,734 | [
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[Demonstration by immunofluorescence of somatotropic cells and prolactin cells in the monkeys Erythrocebus patas, Cercopithecus aethiops and Papio hamadryas]. | Using antibodies against human STH and ovine prolactine, it is possible to identify somatotropic and prolactin cells in the pituitary anterior lobe of three species of monkeys: Erythrocebus patas, Cercopithecus aethiops and Papio hamadryas. The somatotropic cells are numerous in both adult and infant male or female monkeys, especially in the lateral lobes of the pituitary gland. The prolactin cells can be distinguished in all pituitaries studied, regardless age or sex; indeed there are more numerous in adult females. The immunofluorescent technique reveals a more great number of cells of somatotropic and prolactin type than the classical tetrachrome technique. | 140,737 | [
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[Effects of lead administered during pregnancy to C57B1 mice]. | Treatment of female mice with high doses of lead from different times of the gestation, induces abortion or retardation of growth of the embryos. When it is given from birth, it provokes important mortality in the youngs and a retardation of the postnatal growth. In most cases, lead administered from the first day of gestation delays slightly the development of the embryo and inhibits its implantation. It seems that a deficiency in the plasmatic progesterone levels is directly implied in this inhibition. | 140,756 | [
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A case of primary undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver. | The authors report a case of primary undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver, observed in a 36-year-old man. Diagnosis was established at peritoneoscopy and guided biopsy, and confirmed by autopsy two months later. | 140,795 | [
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Leucocyte energy metabolism. VI. Simultaneous and improved isolation of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes from a single of human blood. | A technique, which combines a Ficoll-Rompacon treatment, sedimentation in a Dextran medium and erythrolysis by NH4C1, permitting the simultaneous isolation of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and lymphocytes from a single sample of human blood is described. The contamination of the PMN suspensions by other blood cells, including other categories of white cells, is minimal. However, the lymphocyte preparations, free of other white cells, are still contaminated by a non-negligible amount of thrombocytes. It could be shown that the biochemical system studied, the functional behavior and the morphological state of these cells are similar to that of white cells purified with the procedures previously used. Further, a numeration technique, based on DNA estimation, is presented which can be used when the cell count becomes inaccurate by cell agglutination. | 140,801 | [
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The distribution of HLA-d (MLC) locus determinants in the Czech population. | The distribution of 8 HLA-D determinants in the group of 83 unrelated individuals of the Czech population was ascertained by means of homozygous typing cells using the mixed lymphocyte culture test. In the panel tested, the gene frequencies of HLA-D determinants, the distribution of HLA-D phenotypes and the magnitude of the linkage disequilibrium between the determinants of the HLA-B and HLA-D loci were determined. | 140,823 | [
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The retinoic acid derivative Ro 11-1430 in Acne vulgaris. A controlled multicenter trial against retinoic acid. | In a double-blind controlled multicenter trial consisting of 257 patients with acne vulgaris an 8-week topical treatment with the retinoic acid derivative Ro 11-1430 (0.1% lotion) was compared with vitamin A acid (0.05% lotion) and the lotion alone (placebo). In reducing the number of comedones vitamin A acid was superior to Ro 11-1430, which was significantly better than placebo. The reduction in number of papules and pustules was not statistically significant on either treatment. Local side effects, i.e. erythema, desquamation, burning and pruritus occurred more frequently and were more severe on vitamin A acid than on Ro 11-1430 and placebo which did not differ. No correlation was found between incidence and severity of local reactions and therapeutic effect. | 140,824 | [
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Tofranil in the treatment of low back pain. | This report describes a double-blind between-group comparison of Tofranil and placebo in fifty-nine patients admitted to the Joint Service Medical Rehabilitation Unit suffering from low back pain. Patients were given 25 mg of either Tofranil or placebo three times a day for four weeks. Fifteen patients were not included in the analysis, nine dropping out for non-trial related reasons, two dropping out complaining of lost libido and four not taking the tablets, or taking additional drugs. One of the patients complaining of lost libido was taking Tofranil and the other was taking placebo. Over the whole sample there was no significant benefit for Tofranil over placebo as regards physical measurements. Both Tofranil and placebo groups showed a significant improvement during the trial on straight leg raise and backward flexion. For lateral flexion the Tofranil group was significantly worse than the placebo group on entering the trial, and during the trial the Tofranil group improved to match the placebo group. The clinician's pain and stiffness assessments and the patients' pain and stiffness assessments show a significant improvement for both the Tofranil and placebo groups during the trial. However, no difference is shown between Tofranil and placebo. The psychological tests show no difference between Tofranil and placebo and only a marinal improvenmet over initial condition. Further analysis according to initial diagnosis showed nothing conclusive. Numerically, the use of Tofranil produced a marked improvement in pain and stiffness in patients with 'disc lesion only' diagnoses, whereas placebo did not produce an improvement. However, this observation was far from reaching statistical significance. Side-effects were not severe for either drug. Additional medication was rarely used. | 140,827 | [
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Classification of muscle fiber types based on succinic dehydrogenase and myofibrillar ATPase reactions in normal and randomly reinnervated rat skeletal muscles. | In the normal and randomly reinnervated plantaris muscle of rat staining for succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity differentiates three fiber types (A, B and C), staining for myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) differentiates three fiber types (alpha, beta and alpha beta). Here we present our finding type A corresponds to alpha beta fibers, B to beta or alpha beta, C to alpha or alpha beta. In normal soleus muscle both classifications were found to be compatible and B fibers correspond to beta and C to alpha fibers. An exception is the small percent of alpha beta fibers which correspond to B type. In randomly reinnervated soleus muscle changes in ATPase activity are not followed by changes in SDH staining and B fibers correspond to alpha, beta or alpha beta types. | 140,839 | [
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[State of disease and social situation of adult hemophiliacs]. | 54 adult patients suffering from hemophilia responded to a questionnaire regarding their state of illness and social situation. As far as state of the illness was concerned items pertained to type of hemophilia, factor activity, degree of physical handicap, number of bleedings and hospitalizations as well as etiology of bleedings. Social data contained items on marital status, education, occupation and leisure activities. The handicap of the illness as well as the possibility of positive social integration is underlined by the findings of the study. | 140,840 | [
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Pituitary-gonadal function in the carcinoid syndrome: effect of parachlorophynylalanine therapy. | Six patients with the carcinoid syndrome (C.S) had serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations that were greater than age and sex matched control subjects. The serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone concentrations of the groups did not differ. Four of the 5 C.S. patients tested had an increase in serum testosterone after human chorionic gonadotropin administration and 5 of the 5 subjects tested had an increase in serum LH after clomiphene citrate administration. One of the 4 subjects treated with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) had a reduction in serum testosterone. He was also receiving methysergide. The other 3 subjects treated with PCPA did not have any persistent alterations in serum testosterone. | 140,843 | [
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Properties of the Na+, K+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase system associated with the plasma membrane of pig thyroid glands. | The enzymatic properties of plasma membrane-bound Na+, K+-ATPase [EC 3.6.1.3], isolated with high specific activity and in good yield from pig thyroid cells, were examined. The enzyme activity required the presence of both Na+ and K+ at physiological concentrations; it exhibited high sensitivity to K+ and an absolute requirement for Na+. It showed highly specific requirement for Mg2+ and ATP. The apparent Km for ATP was 0.14 mM under the assay conditions. Arrhenius plots had a point of inflection at about 22 degrees C, activation energies being 24.2 kcal/mol at 5-22 degrees C and 19.0 kcal/mol at 22-40 degrees C. In addition to ouabain, the ATPase was strongly inhibited by fluoride and the SH-blocking reagent, PCMB. Iodide and TSH had no appreciable effect on the enzyme activity. | 140,865 | [
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H-2 mutation affecting immune response to Thy-1.1 antigen. | Mouse thymus, thymus-derived lymphocytes, and brain share an antigen determined by gene at the Thy-1 locus in chromosome 9 (1). Two alleles have been identified at this locus: Thy-1(a), coding for antigen Thy-1.1 (or theta-AKR) present in AKR and seven other strains; and Thy-1(b), coding for antigen Thy-1.2 (or{teta}-C3H) and present in C3H and all the remaining inbred strains. Injection of AKR thymocytes into inbred mice carrying the Thy-1(b) allele results in an immune response that can be measured either serologically by determining the level of antibodies in the recipients' serum (1) or by counting plaque- forming cells (PFC) detectable in spleens of the recipients by means of an assay, with AKR thymocytes as target cells(2). The magnitude of PFC and serum antibody responses after a single thymocyte injection depends on the genetic make-up of the recipient. Three genes controlling the PFC response to the Thy- 1.1 antigen have been identified: Ir-Thy-1A and Ir-Thy-1B, which are closely linked to the major histocompatibility complex (H-2) of the mouse (3-6), and Ir-5, which is located at a distance of 17 cm to the right of the H-2 complex on chromosome 17 (6). Previous genetic mapping with H-2 recombinant strains has indicated that the two Ir-Thy-1 loci are located to the left of the IC subregion (7). Further experiments strongly suggested that either one or both Ir-Thy-1 loci map to the K rather than the I region of the H-2 complex (8). In this report, the study of an H- 2 mutant, CBA-H-2(ka) (M523) (9), and its parental strain, CBA/LacStoY (CBA) provided further evidence that one of these loci apparently resides in the K region and might even be identical with the H-2K locus in that region. | 140,918 | [
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In vitro studies of skeletal muscle membranes. Effects of denervation on the macromolecular components of cation transport in red and white skeletal muscle. | The effects of denervation on the macromolecular components of active monovalent cation transport in skeletal muscle have been studied using purified sarcolemma membranes. A comparison of membrane activities of fast-twitch, slow-twitch, and mixed-fiber muscles was made to determine what role, if any, the motor nerve has in regulating this important aspect of muscle metabolism. A dramatic increase in the basal sarcolemmal Mg++ ATPase activity (three- to fourfold) was found for both major muscle types. An increase in the ouabain-inhibitable (Na+ + K+)-stimulated enzyme was also found, but the effect was substantially less (1.5- to twofold). [3H]-ouabain binding, as an index of glycoside receptor sites, also increased (two- to threefold) midway in the course of denervation. On the other hand, the phosphorylated intermediate activity, a functional component of the transport system, clearly decreased over the same time course and remained below control values for the remainder of the course. This resulted in a two- to threefold increase in the turnover number, suggesting that active transport of cations should increase dramatically with denervation. The membrane protein patterns on SDS gels were less obvious than the changes observed in the functional components. The major effects appeared after only one week and seemed to be restricted to high molecular weight membrane proteins, especially in the 100,000 to 250,000 daltons range. This effect was more prominent in slow-twitch membranes with an apparent semiquantitative decrease in stain at 240,000 daltons. In gels of membranes from fast-twitch muscles a decreased stain in the range of 100,000 to 110,000 daltons occurred, and this became more obvious with longer periods of denervation. The results suggest that considerable influence on the macromolecular components of active cation transport in skeletal muscle is exerted by the motor nerve. No appreciable difference was found in this effect when the two major types of skeletal muscle, fast-twitch and slow-twitch, were compared, suggesting that motor nerve regulation of this membrane property is qualitatively the same. | 140,935 | [
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Purification of histamine receptor, (III) Characterization of receptor rich membrane fraction of small intestinal smooth muscle of the cat. | Intracellular localization of histamine receptors in small intestinal smooth muscle of the cat was studied by investigating distribution of marker enzymes in the receptor rich fraction. Distribution of membrane markers coincided with that of the radiochemically labeled receptor fraction. Membrane fraction was further purified and it was concluded that the histamine receptor rich fraction is mainly composed of cell membrane. The chemical composition of the fraction lent support to this conclusion. | 140,947 | [
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The mesangial cell in glomerulonephritis. I. Mechanisms of hypercellularity in experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis. | One-shot active immune complex glomerulonephritis was induced in rabbits by intravenous bovine serum albumin (250 mg. per kg.) and the mechanism of glomerular hypercellularity investigated. Most of the extra cells were mononuclear with few polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Fibrin was present in severe lesions. Glomerular mitoses were seen in normal kidneys but were more common in hypercellular glomeruli. This is direct evidence of local proliferation. Also, biopsies taken 1 hour after giving tritiated thymidine contained locally labeled cells. The mitotic rate and degree of local labeling both varied in proportion to the degree of hypercellularity. By electron microscopy both mesangial and endothelial cells were identified in mitosis. The majority of the mononuclear cells in the hypercellular glomeruli could not be identified by position or ultrastructure. Infiltration by nonglomerular cells was confirmed by the presence of macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. | 140,954 | [
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[Correcture of congenital defects of the wing and the tip of the nose (author's transl)]. | Congenital hypoplasia of the nasal wing can appear as a defect (congenital notch) or as a flattening and deficiency of the cartilagineous support. The combination with other deformities is seen frequently, 2 own cases: 1. Congenital notch of the left ala nasi. Operation: forming a window in the wing by incision, implantation of a composite graft from the ear, undisturbed and complete healing. 2. Hypoplasia of both cartilages of the ala nasi, flatness and dropping of the nasal tip, combined with deformities in both middle ears. Operation: Lifting the nasal tip, median suture between the cartilages of the wing in the tip, implantation of some septal cartilage in the latter to fill up the flatness. Both cases showed also after one year a good result. | 140,962 | [
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Denervation of spinal facet joints for treatment of chronic low back pain. | This paper describes a neurolytic technique for the denervation of the posterior lumbar spinal facet joints for the treatment of chronic low back pain. Results are reported of a pilot study, using a simple outpatient procedure and achieved relief of pain in 80% of cases. No major complications were encountered. | 141,010 | [
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[Comparative assessment of several methods of calculating the number of sandflies in the open air (Psychodidae)]. | In summer of 1973-1974 a comparative counting of the number of sandflies was carried out by two methods in the Turkmenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Sheets of oil paper fastened vertically to two wires at a height of 60 cm above the ground at a distance of 20 cm one from another (barriers) and sheets in the form of "flags" (Dergachova and others, 1973) were used simultaneously. 15860 sandflies (X on one sheet 31.2+/-3.2 specimens) were collected on 50 barriers consisting of 10 sheets each; and on 500 flags 7640 sandflies (X on one flag 15.3+/-1.37 specimens) were collected. When sandflies are caught on flags the coefficient of counting equal to 2.1+/-0.37 should be taken. | 141,026 | [
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Assessment and attempted modification of future teachers' attitudes toward handicapped children. | In a study designed to determine whether future teachers have negative sttitudes toward groups of exceptional children based upon the labels attached to these children, 13 special education majors and 32 students majoring in other fields of education were administered the Personal Attribute Inventory at the beginning and conclusion of an introductory course in special education. Results for labels, physically handicapped, educable mentally handicapped, and learning disabled, indicated that the latter two were evaluated significantly less positively than the first on both pre- and post-course testings. There were no significant differences between the respondents' pre- and post-course ratings of the three labels. Interestingly, special education majors were significanlty more positive in their pre- and post-course evaluations than non-special education majors. These findings certainly are not supportive of "mainstreaming" children who have been categorized as either learning disabled or educable mentally handicapped. | 141,034 | [
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Biliary matrix: matrix stones as a cause of biliary obstruction. | The biliary tree secretes a mucous substance which serves as a matrix in gallstones. A case of biliary obstruction secondary to a matrix stone is reported. The characteristics and significance of biliary matrix are discussed. | 141,052 | [
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[Prospects in the specific prevention of type B viral hepatitis]. | The present paper concerns the following more important problems: -- hepatitis virus type B: morphology, antigenic structure, virus -- host interaction; -- first attempts at vaccination in hepatitis B; -- vaccines prepared from purified viral subunits; -- study of the pathogenicity and population selected as candidates for testing the efficiency of the vaccine. | 141,080 | [
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Vertical fissure line in a normal adult. | The major fissure when directed in the sagittal plane is visualized on a frontal roentgenogram. It is reported in infants and children as the vertical fissure line and may occur with cardiomegaly and/or respiratory infection which rotates or partially collapses the lower lobe. Its presence in a normal adult chest is presented. It is believed to represent a congenital positional variant. | 141,090 | [
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[New coordinates in the pathogenesis of poststreptococcal nephropathies]. | With reference to recently published data and the authors findings, the pathogeny and prophylaxis of streptococcal nephropathy is discussed from the viewpoint of streptococcal nephritogenicity, the reactive potential of the body and the efficiency of the antibiotic treatment. It is evident that extensive prevention with penicillin is imperfect since nephropathy, in the course of its development, is subordinated to the reactogenic immunopathological context rather than to the etiologic agent (which only becomes a link in the causattion of the disease). Today, the arguments appear to sustain a new preventive stage in which prolonged, exhaustive antibiotherapy is replaced by a differentiated etiopathogenic context, applied only in the cases of actual risk and delimited by a constant intra-and postinfectious complex clinicobiologic follow up. However, the various pathogenetic coordinates show that poststreptococcal complications demand separation of the cause which may cover the actual determining factors of the complications. | 141,086 | [
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[Calcium transport via the placenta by simultaneous fluoride administration in rats]. | Ca-45 was injected Wistar-rats during pregnancy that receive destillated or with 100 ppm F- enriched water. The effect of fluoride on transport of calcium through placenta was calculated from results of Ca-45-activity of fetuses. Besides results were obtained about fluoride- and Ca-45-uptake of mothers femur and about the development of rats under fluoride ingestion | 141,179 | [
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Unilateral and bilateral partial laminectomy in lumbar disc prolapse. A follow-up study of 156 patients. | The results of two comparable groups of in all 156 operated patients with lumbar disc prolapse were evaluated 4-9 years postoperatively. Sixty-seven patients had received bilateral and 89 unilateral partial laminectomy. At follow-up, the results of the bilaterally operated were all excellent or good, whereas 15% with unilateral exposure were unchanged or worse. The unilaterally operated presented a significantly higher incidence of low back pain and recurrences of sciatica than the bilaterally operated. There were no reoperations for recurrent prolapses following the bilateral approach compared with four after unilateral approach. It is concluded that bilateral partial laminectomy affords a good view of the disc pathology and a greater possibility for obtaining relief of the symptoms without reducing the stability of the column. | 141,191 | [
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Effect of manganese on neonatal rat: manganese concentration and enzymatic alterations in brain. | Suckling rats were exposed for 15 and 30 days to manganese through the milk of nursing dams receiving 15 mg MnCl2--4H2O/kg/day orally and after which the neurological manifestations of metal poisoning were studied. No significant differences in the growth rate, developmental landmarks and walking movements were observed between the control and manganese-exposed pups. The metal concentration was significantly increased in the brain of manganese-fed pups at 15 days and exhibited a further three-fold increase over the control, at 30 days. The accumulation of the metal in the brain of manganese-exposed nursing dams was comparatively much less. A significant decrease in succinic dehydrogenase, adenosine triphosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, adenosine deaminase, acetylcholine esterase and an increase in monoamine oxidase activity was observed in the brain of experimental pups and dams. The results suggest that the developing brain may also be susceptible to manganese. | 141,194 | [
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Platelet aggregation and the ouabain-insensitive ATPase. Ecto-ATPase, reflection of membrane integrity. | The ecto-ATPase activity of washed human platelets has been characterized by a higher-performance liquid chromatographic method. Mg++ was found to stimulate ecto-ATPase activity more strongly than Ca++. The combination of Mg++ and Ca++ at increasing concentrations caused diminishing activity levels. Elevated ecto-ATPase activity was also found in platelets incubated with prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) or potassium cyanide (KCN). It is proposed that the increase of ecto-ATPase activity is related to the extrusion or exposure of plasma membrane containing a ouabain-insensitive ATPase. The role of ecto-ATPase in platelet aggregation is discussed in light of these findings. | 141,204 | [
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[Investigations on protein metabolism in malleus and incus (author's transl)]. | Protein and mucopolysaccharide metabolism was studied in the auditory ossicles of rabbits after administration of tritiated amino acids to three and of S35 to two animals. No differences between S35 and aminoacid turnover was seen, indicating a parallelmetabolism of proteins and mucopolysaccharides of the intercellular substance. The tissue, cartilage and bone, shows a metabolism on the molecular level. Areas of cartilage ground substance adjacent to the incudomalleolar joint and the interglobular spaces are not labelled by the radioactive substances. They are excluded from metabolical turnover, while the adjacent cells remain vital. This observation indicates a change of cellular properties, from cartilage to bone cell. The subperiostal bone has lower metabolism than the underlying skeinlike bone. Few osteones were found. | 141,268 | [
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Electrical stimulation in chronic low-back pain. | Since 1972, 367 patients with chronic low-back pain have been treated by electrical stimulation (e.s.). Patients with herniated disc lesions and spondylitis and allied conditions were included. Following e.s. 75-100% pain relief was obtained by 53% of the patients 50% pain relief by 27% and there was no improvement in 20% of patients. In a follow-up of 208 patients, 6-36 months later, approximately 70% stated that pain relief was similar to that obtained at the end of treatment. | 141,300 | [
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Amino acid transport in the rat exocrine pancreas. II. Inhibition by lanthanum and tetracaine. | The two calcium antagonistic agents lanthanum and tetracaine cause severe disturbances in the secretory process of the exocrine pancreas, including inhibition of the rate of protein synthesis and exocytosis. The former effect resulted mainly from the inhibition of amino acid transport. Lanthanum in a concentration up to 1 mM inhibited transport of different species of amino acids in an unspecific way whereas tetracaine interfered specifically with the Na+ -dependent transport system for neutral amino acids (14C-alpha-amino-isobutyric acid). Na+ -dependent transport of neutral amino acids (3H-leucine) was not affected. Transport inhibition was correlated to the acitvity of the Na+, K+ -ATPase system which was measured in isolated plasma membrane fractions. At higher concentrations (5-10 mM) some uptake of lanthanum into the cells by limited endocytosis was observed. At lower concentrations lanthanum seemed to bind exclusively to certain components of the plasms membrane, mainly at the lateral and basal cell surface. Even at a concentration of 5-10 mM no binding to the apical surface occurred. Similarly no binding of lanthanum was observed to the limiting membrane of isolated zymogen granules, while mitochondria, contained in the same fraction showed considerable binding affinity. The action of lanthanum and tetracaine on membrane carrier systems did not affect the interior organization of the plasma membrane. Particle density and distribution in freeze-fracture replicas as well as the submembrane microfilamentous=microtubular system and the junctional elements remained unaffected. | 141,330 | [
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Ultrastructural studies on the Malpighian tubule of the pill millipede, Glomeris marginata (villers). | Ultrastructural studies on the Malpighian tubules of Glomeris marginata (Villers) reveal considerable morphological differences between the upper, fluid secreting, segment, and the lower segment which is at present of unknown function. Previous reports have shown that the upper tubule has a high permeability to compounds of high molecular weight. This may be accounted for by the fact that the epithelium shows very extensive intercellular spaces which are linked directly to junctions apparently specialised to provide a low resistance extracellular pathway between the haemocoel and the tubule lumen. Histochemical studies on the localisation of phosphatase enzymes reveal intracellular vesicles with acid phosphatase activity. The basal labyrinth of the lower tubule exhibits considerable alkaline phosphatase activity which is apparently identical in location to the enzyme revealed by two different ATPase localisation techniques. | 141,332 | [
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Asymmetric septal hypertrophy and myocardial fiber disarray. Features of normal, developing, and malformed hearts. | The specificity and significance of the asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) and myocardial fiber disarray of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) is uncertain. To examine this we studied 215 hearts, including normal embryos, fetuses, children, and adults; and hearts with congenital and acquired disease. Disproportionate septal thickening was present in all embryos and in some abnormal hearts, particularly those with severe right ventricular hypertrophy due to congenital malformations. Some myocardial fiber disarray was present in all hearts at the junctions of interventricular septum and ventricular free wall. In hearts with semilunar valve atresia with intact ventricular septums, and in the infundibulum of some with tetralogy of Fallot, however, extensive fiber disarray was present. Thus, ASH occurs in the normal developing heart and in some malformed hearts with RVH; marked muscle fiber disarray may occur in certain congenital lesions with abnormal systolic contraction. Neither morphologic finding independently or in combination is pathognomonic of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. | 141,348 | [
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The Priory Parents Workshop. | The workshop was a successful attempt to to meet the needs of parents of handicapped children. Using a multidisciplinary team the 16-session workshop enabled both parents and professionals to discuss the problems associated with handicapped children and possible practical solutions. The unique approach of the Priory Workshop could be the prototype for future community services to help the mentally hanidcapped. | 141,347 | [
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Interaction between collagen type I and type III in conditioning bundles organization. | Type I and type III collagen extracted from skin was purified by differential salt precipitation and chromatography. By heating to 37 degrees, type I formed after a lag phase a floppy and opalescent gel of high optical density and type III formed more rapidly a translucent and rigid gel of low optical density. Addition of type III to type I resulted in formation of gels of reduced optical density and lag phase related to the proportion of type III added. Phase contrast and scanning electronmicroscopy demonstrated the formation of thick bundles of type I, thin fibers of type III and bundles of intermediate size related to the proportion of type III. The relationship between collagen type and bundle architecture might prove most significant in conditioning the mechanical properties of the connective tissues in normal and pathological conditions. | 141,359 | [
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Characterisation of the major collagen species present in porcine aortae and the synthesis of their precursors by smooth muscle cells in culture. | Porcine aortae were digested with pepsin and the solubilised collagen molecules separated by differential salt precipitation at pH7.5. The fraction precipitated at 1.71 M NaCl was shown to comprise collagen type III as judged by its elution characteristics from CM-cellulose, its alpha-chain composition on sodium dodeclysulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and amino acid analyses. Pepsin-derived type I collagen was recovered by precipitation at 2.56 M NaCl and similarly characterised. cultures of porcine arterial smooth muscle cells have been established and radiolabelling studies with [14Clproline have demonstrated that these cells synthesis and secrete the precursors of collagen types I and III into the culture medium. Ion-exchange chromatography of these secreted collagen molecules and gel filtration of their pepsin-derived alpha-chains have demonstrated that type III is the major collagen species present in the medium. | 141,363 | [
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[Combination chemotherapy and cranial irradiation in 530 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (author's transl)]. | 530 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were diagnosed between 1. 1. 1971 and 31. 12. 1974, and treated at 35 German hospitals according to the Memphis study VII or VIII2 and subsequently followed until 31. 12. 1976. At diagnosis 17.2% of the patients had a WBC count of over 50,000/mm3, 8.9% had mediastinal enlargement, 2.1% CNS leukaemia and 1.7% Down's syndrome. After being treated for two and a half years and being observed for a maximum of six years (minimum two years) 262 children (49.4%) were living, 203 (38.8%) in continued complete remission, most of them one to three years after end of treatment. Primary bone marrow relapse occurred in 39.6%, but CNS relapse in only 8.7%. Cranial irradiation at a dose of 1800 rad in 70 patients produced a CNS relapse of only 7.1%. Forty-one of these 530 children (7.7%) died in continued complete remission, the main causes being interstitial pneumonia and varicella. There was no difference in initial features and treatment results between six centres which had many and 29 with rather fewer patients. The five-years-survival rate (life-table method) was 41 +/- 3.5% for all 530 children and 10 +/- 3.7% for the 92 children with initial leucocyte counts of over 50.000/mm3. | 141,370 | [
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Recent advances in the immunological aspects of renal disease. | Anti-basement membrane antibodies and tissue deposition of immune complexes appear to be responsible for most glomerulonephritides and for some tubulo-interstitium injury accompanying glomerulonephritis or occuring primarily. Anti-tubular basement membrane antibodies complicate immunologic and toxic renal injury, including transplantation, and widespread tubulo-intersitial immune complex deposits are present in most patients with systemic immune complex disease, such as lupus erythematosus. Radioimmunoassay is now available for detecting and monitoring circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies. The effect of aggressive therapy with immunosuppression and plasma exchange is being studied to determine is value in minimizing tissue damage produced by the usual transient production of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies. Techniques are being explored to detect circulating immune complexes. Vigorous efforts are under way to identify antigen-antibody systems involved in the production of nephritogenic immune complexes, which may lead to antigen irradiation or specific manipulation of the immune response or its products. | 141,379 | [
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Contractile proteins in phagocytosis: an example of cell surface-to-cytoplasm communication. | Phagocytosis is a prime example of a cellular event in which cell surface perturbation activates the assembly of a filamentous gel beneath the plasma membrane. This gel may be responsible for movement of the membrane around ingestible particles. The molecular mechanism of these events is being approached by the purification of actin, myosin and associated proteins from phagocytic cells and by the study of a human disease, neutrophil actin dysfunction. Novel contractile proteins discovered in mammalian phagocytes include a cofactor that regulates actin:myosin interaction and an actin-binding protein that promotes assembly and gelation of actin. There is evidence that phagocytosis alters the state of the actin-binding protein, and that this alteration may be an early event in the assembly of the actin gel. Cytochalasin B, which inhibits phagocytosis, acts by interfering with the interaction between actin-binding protein and actin. Actin polymerized poorly in the neutrophils of a human infant, and the affected neutrophils were deficient in phagocytosis. Actin assembly is important in phagocytosis and is amenable to biochemical analysis. | 141,380 | [
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Dermatologic investigation of betamethasone 17,21-dipropionate ointment with chinoform. | In an open investigation on 50 patients with various dermatological lesions 17 (81%) out of 21 psoriatics and 28 out of 29 other patients inproved considerably or were clinically cured after three weeks' treatment with an ointment containing 0-05% betamethasone dipropionate and 3-0% chinoform. Among the patients chosen for the study 34 had previously tried topical corticosteroids without success. Of these 31 improved markedly during the steroid trial. | 141,383 | [
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Assembly of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Localization by immunofluorescence of sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins in differentiating rat skeletal muscle cell cultures. | Immunofluorescent staining techniques were used to study the distribution of the Ca(2) + Mg(2+)-dependent ATPase and calsequestrin in primary cultures of differentiating rat skeletal muscle cells, grown for different periods of time under various culture conditions. In mononucleated myoblasts calsequestrin was detected after 45 h in culture whereas the ATPase was not detected until 60 h. After cell fusion began, both proteins could be identified in all multinucleated cells. Myoblasts grown for longer than 60 h in low Ca(2+) medium contained calsequestrin and the ATPase, even though they were unable to fuse. These studies at the cellular level confirm biochemical findings on the biosynthesis of calsequestrin and the ATPase. Immunofluorescent staining of myoblasts showed that calsequestrin first appears in a well-defined region of the cell near one end of the nucleus. At later times, the staining occupied progressively larger regions adjacent to the nucleus and took on a fibrous appearance. This suggests that calsequestrin first accumulates in the Golgi region and then gradually spreads throughout the cell. In contrast, the ATPase appeared to be concentrated in many small patches or foci throughout the cytoplasm and was never confined to one particular region, although some parts of the cell often stained more intensely than others. In multinucleated cells, alternating dark and fluorescent strands parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cells were evident. | 141,456 | [
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Antibiotics for elimination of mycoplasmas and ureaplasma from bovine semen. | Minocin at 500 micrograms/ml of semen extender eliminated ureaplasma from naturally or artificially infected bovine semen. Minocin with lincospectin eliminated Acholeplasma laidlawii, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium, bovis, canadense, and arginini from artificially infected semen. Stabilization times of 15 min at 35 C and 3 h at 4 C are important considerations to maximize antibiotic activity. | 141,466 | [
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[Fibrosarcoma of the head and neck. Diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)]. | We report about two patients with fibrosarcoma of the soft tissues of the face. We discuss the problems of biological viability of the tumor, of the diagnostics and of the etiological factors, and about the therapy. The prognosis depends on the localisation, the degree of malignancy of the tumor and the therapy. | 141,571 | [
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[The neck after radical neck-dissection. A follow-up study (author's transl)]. | In 200 patients with uni- or bilateral neck dissections the long range cosmetic results, subjective complaints, and the neurologic status were studied at postoperative time intervals between 3 months and 10 years. The main disorders were related to both the absence of resected, tumor-involved structures and to hyperesthesia of the lateral neck skin. The function of the muscle portions of the shoulder was less disturbed than expected, and recovered with some time and training. Cases with bilateral neck dissections showed postoperative edema of the head, being resorbed, with a little persisting submental edema. Postoperative irradiation gave rise to an increasing number of neuralgiform symptoms. | 141,574 | [
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[Changes in hemostasis in the postoperative period]. | Hemostasis was investigated in the postoperative stage (at 24 hours and at 5 days) in 20 patients that had underwent major surgical interventions. The test applied for study of blood coagulation included : thrombocyte counting, the test of Howell, the activated recalcification time, the activated partial thromboplastin time, the prothrombin time (Quick), the thrombin time, estimation of fibrinogen concentration, the protamine sulphate test. The activity of the fibrinolytic system was investigated by the euglobulin clot lysis test and by the method of fibrin plates, while fibrinolysis inhibitors were assessed by determination of serum antiplasmines. Also the fibrinolytic degratation products were evaluated. The results indicate a biological condition that can be classified as "thrombophilia", characterized by hyperfibrinogenemia, the presence of fibrin monomers, a decrease of the fibrinolytic activators and an increase in the amount of antiplasmins, as well as a high percentage of fibrinolytic degradation products. Although the patients did not show manifest signs of thrombosis in the postoperative period, the results obtained indicate a tendency to intravascular formation and deposition of fibrin and suggest the necessity to apply prophylactic therapy with anticoagulants in the postoperative period. | 141,688 | [
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[Fractures of the lower tibia. Results of 128 osteosynthesis]. | The authors have treated 128 articular fractures of the lower tibial extremity. All were operated on, a cancellous graft being often added to the screw-plate fixation. 87 cases were re-examined after a 4-year average follow-up. It is concluded that surgical treatment is more valuable than conservative treatment. The results were satisfactory in 90 p. 100 of the cases, but it is emphasized that the patients were young and sportsmen, and that the fractures were closed most of the complications were related to a poor post-operative care. | 141,703 | [
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[Physiopathology of osteochondritis of the hip]. | The author has investigated to know whether Perthes disease is a localised epiphyseal distrophy or a symptom of a general perturbance of chondral tissue. The complexity of the structure of the femoral head is recalled as well as the development of its vascularisation. Pathogenic factors are discussed. It is concluded that Perthe's disease is probably a localisation of a general disease. | 141,715 | [
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[Treatment, at birth, of luxating deformities of the hip. Difficulties, failures and complications. Discussion apropos of coxa vara deformities]. | The author has studied 400 newborn babies thought to have unstable hip. The importance of careful clinical and radiological examination is emphasized. An abduction splint must be applied with caution and serial radiographs taken until the hip is normal. In spite of this, one instance of coxa magna, three of osteochondritis and five of coxa vara were found. A classification of coxa vara is suggested to distinguish concordant types compatible with normal hip function from other types. | 141,717 | [
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[Factor analysis in hypertension. Risks of coronary heart disease and hypertensive arteriolosclerosis (author's transl)]. | Based upon factor analysis, initial findings of the risk factors for coronary heart disease are reported, following invesitgations performed on a large number of patho-anatomical cases which were selected for specified criteria. The so-called hypertensive form of arteriosclerosis was demonstrated in the spleen, pancreas, and adrenal gland. It was shown that diabetes mellitus is an influencing factor in arteriolosclerosis in the liver. Several types of arterial hypertension can be differentiated according to clinical features and findings in the heart. Renoparenchymatous and renovascular sclerosis, pyelonephritis, diabetes mellitus, and age are the factors correlated or associated with various types of hypertension. Primary (?) renal hypertension can be differentiated from the secondary (?) TYPE. The discussion suggests that the morphological findings of arteriosclerosis and its complications may be explained, to a certain extent, by the known risk factors of coronary diseases defined by the methods described. | 141,784 | [
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[Intraepithelial spread of the squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix into the endometrium. A contribution to the question of a surface spread of the cervical carcinoma]. | Four cases have been reported in which a squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix was spreading on the surface of nearly the whole endometrial cavity by expansive intra-epithelial growth. In one of these cases, in the portio, there was only a beginning invasion into the stroma, whereas in the other three cases the wall of the cervix was variably infiltrated. In two cases a change to infiltrating growth into the corpus uteri could be observed. | 141,799 | [
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Carcinogenicity of a food additive, AF-2, in hamsters and mice. | The carcinogenicity of a food additive, 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (trade name, AF-2), was studied. A diet containing AF-2 at a rate of 0.25% was administered to male golden hamsters and male ddY mice. The hamsters developed squamous cell carcinomas in the forestomach after the 49th day from the start of administration. In mice fed a AF-2 diet for 308 days, squamous cell carcinoma was observed in the forestomach after the 381th day from the start of the experiment; in some cases the carcinoma metastasized to the lung and liver. | 141,801 | [
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The structural components of hog cholera virus. | Hog cholera virus grown in PK-15 cells and SK-cells was labeled with [35S]methionine and [3H]uridine. At least 3 polypeptides were resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after disruption of the virus with sodium dodecyl-sulfate. The molecular weights of the structural proteins were determined to be 55000 (p55), 46000 (gp46), and 36000 (p36). The molecular weight of the viral RNA was determined to be about 4 X 10(6) in polyacrylamide-agarose-gel electrophoresis. In sucrose gradients the RNA has a S20,w value of 40-45S. | 141,817 | [
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[Spontaneous leukemia of AKR mice. Successful passive immunization with goat antibodies against isolated glycoprotein gp71 of Friend leukemia virus]. | The occurrence of fatal spontaneous leukemia in AKR mice could be drastically reduced by passive immunization with goat antibody against isolated murine Friend virus glycoprotein gp71, possessing high group specific reactivity. The success depended on the time of antibody application. The best results were achieved when mothers and babies were inoculated. | 141,818 | [
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[Genetic studies in patients with trisomy 21 with special evaluation of morphology and pathogenesis in the orofacial region. Condition of periodontal and oral hygiene in trisomy 21]. | The incidence and severity of parodontopathies and results of studies of the level of oral hygiene are reported, in terms of both subjective and objective parameters, for children and juveniles affected with trisomy 21. Also discussed are problems of age and sex dependence; causal, complementary, and reciprocal relationships; and possibilities of prophylaxis. | 141,832 | [
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[Experimental study on the effect of the model thickness and its profile on the behavior of the dimensions in cast crowns and bridge-work cast in one piece]. | The dimensional response of cast objects as a function of the shape and thickness of their wax patterns was studied, the dimensions of investment patterns taken as null bodies being compared with the corresponding dimensions of cast crowns and bridges. The metal shrinkage values are discussed. | 141,840 | [
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[Synthetic inhibitors of serine proteinases. 13. Quantitative structure-activity relationship for inhibition of trypsin and thrombin by 4-amidinophenyl compounds with a ketone structure]. | To establish quantitative structure-activity relationships for the inhibition of trypsin, plasmin and thrombin by 4-amidinophenyl compounds with a keto group, attempts have been made to detect correlations between data on inhibition and substituent constants. The inhibitor activity of the derivatives is described by lipophilic or steric substituent constants using linear free energy relationships. To describe the action of beta-ketones, an additional sigma I term is necessary. The lipophilic or steric term stands for binding of the inhibitor side chain to a second hydrophobic binding site of the enzyme. The electronic term describing inductive influences on the keto group suggests the contribution of the beta-keto group to the enzyme inhibitor binding via a tetrahedral conformation of the carbonyl carbon. | 141,858 | [
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[Cholinergic bronchial reactivity in patients with sarcoidosis]. | The acetylcholine aerosol test was used for testing 65 patients suffering from sarcoidosis for cholinergic bronchial hyperexcitability. Among 46 patients with stage I and stage II sarcoidosis there was only one female patient where the acetylcholine aerosol test gave positive results; however, it was not possible to establish a relationship between bronchial hyperexcitability and sarcoidosis. In two other patients with stage III sarcoidosis, where the acetylcholine aerosol test also gave positive results, there obviously was a close relationship between bronchial hyperexcitability and sarcoidosis. It is considered that positive acetylcholine aerosol test results might be interpreted as being indicative of stage III sarcoidosis. It should be noted in this connection that the third or fibrotic stage of sarcoidosis was characterized by a very much smaller number of cases showing positive acteylcholine aerosol test results than are, in general, observed for those forms of tuberculosis which are accompanied by more or less widespread fibrous processes taking place in, and causing major alterations to, the lungs and which may be described as chronically hematogenously disseminated, fibrocavernous, and cirrhotic forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Also discussed in detail are the possible reasons for this different behavior. | 141,868 | [
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The evaluation of left ventricular function by echocardiography. | Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular size and function correlates well with that made by cineangiography. The technic is particularly suited to the early detection and serial monitoring of left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction in valvular heart disease, hypertensive heart disease and the cardiomyopathies. It also has advantages over angiography in experimental situations in which frequently repeated or continuous assessment of left ventricular size and function may be required. The limited usefulness of a single ultrasound beam in segmental heart disease, such as ischemic heart disease, may be overcome in the future with improvements in two-dimensional echocardiographic technics. | 141,883 | [
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Mucopolysaccharide osmotic pressure in the measurement of interstitial pressure. | Subatmospheric pressures were recorded from cotton wicks inserted into Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cords (mean=-7.6+/-5.0 (SD) cmH2O; n=10). Hyaluronate concentrations (mean=0.69+/-0.30 g/100 g) and wick pressures correlated negatively (r=-0.825; P less than 0.01) but calculated hyaluronate osmotic pressures (mean=4.0+/-2.7 cmH2O) were insufficient to explain the full wick pressure. In model systems composed of asbestos fibers (mean radius=0.5 micron) and 0.9% saline, subatmospheric pressures were recorded which varied with the volume of saline added. When hyaluronate (1 g/100 g) was substituted for saline, lower wick pressures were recorded at each volume. The pressure lowering effect of hyaluronate was not seen in a matrix of glass fibers (mean radius=1.0 micron). It is suggested that the effect of hyaluronate in asbestos fibers is due to its immobilization by the matrix and the consequent development of osmotic pressure recorded via the wick. In the coarser glass-fiber matrix, hyaluronate was not immobilized and therefore had no osmotic effect. These experiments support the hypothesis that subatmospheric interstitial pressures result from osmotic pressure of immobilized mucopolysaccharide macromolecules. | 141,889 | [
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Further controlled evaluations of fenbendazole as a bovine anthelmintic. | The efficacy of fenbendazole (methyl-5-(phenythio)-2-benzimidazole-carbamate) in cattle parasitized by the lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus and in other cattle parasitized by Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, Cooperia, and Oesophagostomum was investigated in 3 controlled critical experiments. A single treatment with 5.0 mg/kg of body weight administered in the feed or in a 10% suspension exceeded 99% efficacy against these helminths. Dosages of 1, 0.5, 0.35, and 0.25 mg/kg of body weight administered for 5 days to individual calves in their feed were 99% efficacious against all helminths, except Haemonchus. The 1.0 mg/kg dose removed 99.5% of the Haemonchus, and the other 3 dosages had efficacies of 91.0, 93.7, and 95.6%, respectively. The small daily dosages were not evaluated against Dictyocaulus. | 141,897 | [
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[Effect of coamide on immunogenesis during antibiotic therapy]. | The dynamics of the antibody-producing cells in the spleen and the titer of hemagglutinines in the blood of albino mice immunized with sheep erythrocytes and treated with various doses (250, 500, 1000 gamma) of oxytetracycline and monomycin and their combinations with coamide, a complex of cobalt with nicotinic acid amide at different periods after the immunization. It was found that oxytetracycline in doses of 500 and 1000 gamma and monomycin in doses of 250, 500 and 1000 gamma administered intramuscularly for 4 days had an inhibitory effect on both the antibody-producing cells and the titer of hemagglutinines in the immunized animals at various periods after the immunization. Consequently, oxytetracycline and monomycin had the immunosuppressive effect. Exposure of the animals treated with oxytetracycline and monomycin to coamide for 5 days provided an increase in the number of the antibody-producing cells and the titer of the hemagglutinines. The results of the study showed the perspectivity of coamide use in complex therapy of infectious diseases. | 141,905 | [
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0.05146908,
0.303811,
0.3857746,
-0.5241346,
-0.3115467,
-0.2690164,
-0.06323915,
-0.02737596,
0.4736259,
0.4956328,
0.01478535,
-0.147611... |
Mechanism of accumulation of the antitumor protein antibiotic neocarzinostatin in bladder tissue: intravenous administration, urinary excretion, and absorption into bladder tissue. | Some aspects of the absorption, distribution, and excretion of neocarzinostatin (NCS), a proteinous antitumor antibiotic, were studied in rabbits. NCS was given intravenously (i.v.) via the auricular vein, or [(14)C]NCS was instilled directly into the cavity of the bladder by tubing. In both groups, ureterostomy was performed, so that the drug excreted in the urine did not pass through the bladder. The results showed extremely rapid renal clearance; namely, two-thirds of the total recovered was excreted in the first 5 min. It was also shown that drug infused into the bladder cavity could be recovered in urine from the ureterostomized ureter. Also, the level of biological activity of NCS in bladder tissues after i.v. administration is significantly lower when ureterostomy is performed. Thus, evidence is presented for the absorption of NCS into bladder tissue from the lumen of the bladder. The high levels of NCS in bladder tissue are due to this effect as well as to accumulation via the iliac artery. These data should encourage further trials of NCS in bladder cancer. A study of urine containing NCS derived from i.v. administration showed an increase in antibacterial activity upon incubation, followed by a decrease. These effects are probably due to proteolysis, as shown by the appearance of a low-molecular-weight fragment and by the absence of such an increase in the presence of inhibitors of proteolysis. | 141,906 | [
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0.05003098,
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0.1890182,
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... |
Ultrastructure of the parotid duct. Cytochemical studies of the striated duct and papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum of the human parotid gland. | To our knowledge, there are currently no reports in the literature that discuss the fine structure of the striated ducts of the human parotid gland. Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin's tumor) is a benigh neoplasm found almost exclusively in the parotid gland that represents about 16% of all neoplasms of the gland. This neoplasm is believed to arise from the striated and/or excretory ducts, but there are contradictions with regard to the proposed origin and the cellular composition of some Warthin's tumors. Tissue was obtained at the time of surgery and examined ultrastructurally and cytochemically for the localization of alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase. Myoepithelial cells were found ultrastructurally and cytochemically on the proximal aspect of the striated duct, with their cell bodies situated at the junction of the striated and intercalated ducts. Two Warthin's tumors were observed with cells that were structurally and cytochemically similar to myoepithelial cells. | 141,920 | [
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0.05755663,
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0.... |
Sexual function restoration in the physically disabled: use of a private hospital room. | For more than two years, a rehabilitation department in a large general hospital maintained a room adjacent to the ward as a site for evaluating and restoring sexual function of disabled patients. This report provides a description of the room, discusses its diverse purposes, and offers justifications of its feasibility in an acute hospital facility. | 141,922 | [
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0.1644361,
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0.2820117,
0.2168... |
[The problem of the cardiomyopathies]. | The author criticizes the tendency to broaden continuously the notion of "cardiomyopathy" and the attempts to cover by this term almost all etiological and pathogenetic variants of myocardial lesions. Classification of these variants by two groups is proposed: 1) idiopathic cardiomyopathies, etiology of which are either not known, or not established yet; 2) symptomatic cardiomyopathies the causes of which are known. The first group comprises congestive and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. Their essential clinico-anatomical features and considerations concerning pathogenesis are set forth. Every variant of the second group of cardiomyopathies (symptomatic) is analysed separately according to the character of the pathogenic agent. The need for comprehensive study of myocardial pathology in the so-called cardiomyopathies is emphasized. | 141,924 | [
-0.2559046,
0.2503508,
0.02538701,
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0.03261202,
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0.1192308,
0.1063742,
0.2115963,
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0.1395336,
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0.2112339,
0.1678292,
0.2735819,
0.1707577,
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0.... |
The effects of starvation and experimental diabetes on phosphoenol-pyruvate carboxykinase in the guinea pig. | 1. Approx. 85% of liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is associated with the mitochondrial fraction in the fed guinea pig. Enzyme activity is unchanged in diabetes, but doubles during starvation. In contrast with earlier reports, both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial activities were found to be increased. 2. In kidney cortex, total enzyme activity is increased in both starved and diabetic animals. These changes are associated with increases in the cytoplasmic activity alone. 3. In diabetic animals the mean blood-glucose concentration was 23.1 mM. Other blood metabolites were lower than those in the rat, and the animals did not show significant ketosis. 4. Changes in the rates of gluconeogenesis from lactate and propionate paralleled those in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity. | 141,929 | [
0.08130264,
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0.1880159,
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0.04216076,
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0.02021931,
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0.2060421,
0.1346814,
0.02927241,
0.4167822,
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... |
Formation of ATP by the adenosine triphosphatase complex from spinach chloroplasts reconstituted together with bacteriorhodopsin. | The energy-linked ATPase complex has been isolated from spinach chloroplasts. This protein complex contained all the subunits of the chloroplast coupling factor (CF1) as well as several hydrophobic compoenents. When the activated complex was reconstituted with added soybean phospholipids, it catalyzed the exchange of radioactive inorganic phosphate with ATP. Sonication of the complex into proteoliposomes together with bacteriorhodopsin yield vesicles that catalyzed light-dependent ATP formation. Both the 32Pi-ATP exchange reactions and ATP formation were sensitive to uncouplers such as 3-tert-butyl-5,2'-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide, bis-(hexafluoroacetonyl)acetone and carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-hydrazone, that act to dissipate a proton gradient. The energy transfer inhibitors dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, triphenyltin chloride and 2-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-4,6'-dihydroxydihydrochalcone were also effective inhibitors of both reactions. | 141,938 | [
-0.3896681,
-0.004940988,
0.1057978,
-0.1292578,
0.1196873,
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0.09047191,
0.07213299,
0.1173818,
0.07689977,
0.002212365,
0.267872,
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0.1150572,
0.1145219,
0.07739047,
0.4976749,
0.1740773,
-0.2735587,
... |
Immune complex disease of the skin. | The physician can now recognize clinically and histopathologically the cutaneous manifestations of immune complex disease. The usual clinical environment in which this type of reaction occurs has been very specifically delineated. Studies of immunoglobulins, complement components, and B cells in the blood may confirm the nature of the reaction. Special studies of cryoproteins of C1q precipitin or radioimmunoassay procedures may demonstrate directly the complexes in the blood. Biopsy of skin for immunofluorescence is confirmative of the skin disease and the presence of immune complexes. Biopsy of normal skin may be prognostic and indicate severity of the disease. Lesions may be induced by epinephrine, trauma, and controlled imflammation for clinical and pathologic study and confirmation of diagnosis. Treatment of the disease with corticosteroids, sulfapyridine, nicotinic acid, and antimalarial drugs may be useful. Clofazimine is an intriguing experimental drug. Plasmaphoresis has worked well with some patients. | 141,997 | [
0.001249247,
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-0.06442021,
0.03086489,
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0.3947233,
0.1969182,
0.0657974,
0.08845671,
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0.1968271,
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0.01820351,
0.4959839,
0.292468,
0.02756947,
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... |
Health services and needs in day care centers. | A survey of health services in a group of licensed day care centers indicates a general lack of written guidelines, failure to have a designated health coordinator and a serious paucity of nutrition and dental education programs. | 142,002 | [
-0.09361064,
0.1383138,
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0.0003970461,
0.06213849,
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0.1032454,
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0.109667,
0.2161079,
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0.0241021,
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0.1462645,
0.09171271,
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0.1515784,
0.2631368,
0.1199927,
... |
Ionic currents in cardiac muscle: a framework for glycoside action. | This paper briefly reviews the current state of understanding of cardiac excitation--contraction coupling and its relation to glycoside action. Evidence that inotropic action of glycosides might result from increased influx of Ca2+ during action potential is reviewed. Recent voltage clamp studies that show little if any direct effect on Ca2+ influx during the action potential are cited. It is suggested that the primary inotropic effects derive from altered ionic exchange mechanisms secondary to inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase. The role of ionic currents in glycoside toxicity is considered, with discussion of a dynamic, depolarizing current that appears shortly after action potential. This current is apparently an inward movement of positive ions that is strongly mediated by extracellular Ca2+ levels. It is noted that such spontaneous depolarizations of the membrane have been observed in several other circumstances where strong positive inotropism has been induced. The conclusion is reached that membrane ionic currents probably play only a secondary role in glycoside inotropism and in many of the toxic effects. | 142,024 | [
-0.4451822,
0.06109414,
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0.2625604,
0.03154668,
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0.008227004,
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0.2288908,
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0.1518971,
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0.0365151,
0.4233072,
0.2144956,
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... |
[Ureterlesion in laparoscopic sterilisation of the Fallopian tube (author's transl)]. | A case of severe ureterlesion following sterilisation of the Fallopian tube is presented. Since 28 days elapsed before operative relief of the kidney was attempted reconstructive surgery of the ureter at a later date proved to be unsuccessful. A secondary nephrectomy had to be performed. | 142,038 | [
0.000437921,
0.04515544,
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-0.07101905,
0.02911757,
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0.3882287,
0.2215543,
-0.01652412,... |
The prenatal diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction using B scan ultrasound: a case report. | This is a case report of the ultrasonic detection of an enlarged urinary bladder in a 20 1/2 week fetus which subsequently was proven to have the prune belly or Eagle-Barrett syndrome. Serial sonograms were used to follow the progress of this abnormal pregnancy and were instrumental in the subsequent clinical management of the patient. | 142,096 | [
-0.0152171,
0.2202023,
-0.3436597,
-0.09441151,
0.3431785,
-0.02195344,
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0.1430995,
0.05939526,
0.3153451,
0.4391124,
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0.04966319,
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0.08726034,
0.238207,
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0.211232,
0.2579002,
0.05825346,
0... |
Macrophages suppress CTL generation in rat mixed leukocyte cultures. | The generation of CTL in rat MLC was actively suppressed by a cell population present in spleen cell preparations from normal rats. These suppressor cells were characterized by using a variety of cell fractionation techniques. Suppressor cells were removed by passage of spleen cells through nylon wool columns or by treatment with carbonyl iron. Suppressive activity was present in the mononuclear cell fraction of spleen cells obtained by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation. After velocity sedimentation at unit gravity, enrichment of suppressive activity was demonstrated in the fractions containing large cells as compared to the fractions containing small cells. Populations rich in macrophages were shown to have similar suppressive activity upon CTL induction in MLC. These studies suggest that macrophages present in normal rat spleen cell preparations account for the difficulty in generating CTL in MLC prepared with rat cells. | 142,114 | [
-0.01629233,
0.2473684,
0.223008,
0.05438604,
0.06094105,
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0.09006321,
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0.05443478,
0.03083233,
... |
[Fibrinolytic activity of blood flowing through the heart ventricles and major vessels of rats under normal conditions and in experimental myocardial ischemia]. | Sampling blood from the jugular, superior and inferior caval veins and the pulmonary artery and the heart ventricles of intact rats revealed that the fibrinolytic activity was the lowest in the jugular vein, while it was 1.5-2 times higher in the other sections. The fibrinolysis in these animals is 1.5 times higher in the right ventricle than in the left. One day after coronary artery ligation a reverse relationship is observed: the blood in the left ventricle has a 1.5-times higher fubinolytic activity than that in the right. The difference in the activity is due to a different plaminogen activator content. Three days after the onset of myocardium ischaemia the difference in the fibrinolytic activity of the blood in both ventricles disappears. The obtained data emphasize the role of local fibrinolysis in the development of cardiac pathology. | 142,169 | [
-0.08471928,
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0.1016001,
0.4493513,
0.3390045,
0.1467168,
-0.23... |
The deleterious effects of surgically induced complete right bundle branch block on long-term follow-up results of closure of ventricular septal defect. | The effects of complete right bundle branch block (CRBBB) on the early postoperative course and long-term follow-up results of closure of ventricle septal defect (VSD) were investigated. (1) Postoperative change in cardiothoracic ratio (CTR); In patients whose ratio of total pulmonary resistance to total systemic resistance (Rp/Rs) was larger than or equal to 0.33, CTR of the group with CRBBB did not decrease significantly (p greater than 0.1) but CTR of the group without CRBBB was improved markedly (p less than 0.01). However, in patients whose Rp/Rs was less than 0.33, there was no significant difference in CTR reduction between the two groups. (2) Postoperative change in Rp/Rs in patients with preoperative Rp/Rs larger than or equal to 0.33: In the group with CRBBB the Rp/Rs decreased from a preoperative average of 36 to 27 percent; in the group without CRBBB, it decreased from 39 to 21 percent. There were significant differences in both the postoperative value of RP/Rs and the degree of postoperative decrease in Rp/Rs between the two groups (both p less than 0.05). (3) Change of pulse rate in the early postoperative period: In patients with Rp/Rs larger than or equal to 0.33, the postoperative increase in pulse rate of the group with CRBBB was significantly higher than that of the group without CRBBB (p less than 0.05). These results suggest that CRBBB has a strong deleterious effect on right ventricular function. The possibility that CRBBB has an ill effect on left ventricular function in patients with Rp/Rs larger than or equal to 0.33 is discussed. | 142,184 | [
0.1588929,
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... |
[Dynamics of serum immunoglobulins after anesthetic and surgical stress; clinical correlations]. | In a group of patients undergoing various surgical interventions the authors have investigated the dynamics of serum immunoglobulins following anesthesic-surgical stress. The changes that have been observed are determined either by a general catabolic reaction which occurs after aggression, or by the polymicrobial antigenic stimulation, as a result of enentual septic complications. | 142,278 | [
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0.1078026,
0.3357446,
0.4272086,
0.2483288,
-0.1465728,
-0.1290104,
0.05... |
Employment and work adjustments of the disabled: 1972 survey of disabled and nondisabled adults. | Of the 15.6 million individuals in the United States who were currently disabled in 1972, 8 out of 10 were employed as the disability began. For these persons, several aspects of work adjustments after the onset of disability are examined here, with the measures of adjustment based on self-reports of the disabled. Women were less likely to be employed after onset than men. Those employed full time before they were disabled were more likely to work after onset than those who had been part-time workers. The relationship between duration of disability and employment varied with severity of disability. Among the severely disabled, those with a long-term disability were more likely not to work than were the recently disabled. Keeping the pre-onset work status varied with type of employment. For the severely and occupationally disabled, industries staffed by craftsmen and operatives had lower rates of retention than did other sectors. Most of those who returned to work after onset did so within 6 months. Men who returned to work did so more quickly than did women. Doctor's advice and family responsibility were the primary reasons for not returning to work. | 142,309 | [
-0.2032802,
0.117063,
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0.2049171,
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0.3312248,
0.2507488,
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0.339473,
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0.... |
Gastroschisis complicated by intestinal atresia. | Gastroschisis complicated by intestinal atresia is a complex problem. Six cases are presented. A review of the literature and of our own cases shows a high mortality rate. Success or failure is related more to the pathology present than to any specific method of operative management. Resection and primary anastomosis is the favored method of treatment, as the intestine heals well in spite of its appearance. Primary closure of the abdominal wall musculature and skin is done whenever possible. A gastrostomy is used uniformly. Intravenous hyperalimentation is critical to survival of these babies and should be used early. The use of this therapeutic modality allows for the onset of gastrointestinal function spontaneously (often over prolonged periods of time) without nutritional deprivation. Intestinal atresias almost always are easy to identify in babies with gastroschisis. Extensive dissection and mobilization of this friable intestine is contraindicated in those babies in whom an atresia is not obvious but only suspected. In such cases the gastroschisis defect should be managed by whatever method is deemed appropriate and the baby observed while receiving intravenous nutritional support. If an atresia is present, it can be managed later in the baby's course by resection and primary anastomosis. | 142,311 | [
-0.2235738,
-0.2218558,
-0.4286119,
-0.3436486,
0.4878625,
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0.2259725,
0.1724899,
-0.1168707... |
Inhibition of the mixed leukocyte reaction by alloantisera in man. II. Incidence and characteristics of MLC-inhibiting antisera from multiparous women. | The incidence of MLC-inhibiting antibodies was determined in 42 pregnancy sera. MLC's were carried out between the cells from the serum donor and her husband in the presence of nonimmune AB serum and the test serum. Fifty per cent of the sera reduced the MLC response to less than 40% of the control values. Only four sera had lymphocytotoxic activity. The inhibition was strong against the specific immunizor, less strong against random unrelated cells and weak against cells which were SD-identical with the serum donor. Absorptions with lymphocytes and platelets were carried out. Lymphocytes removed activity in three of the four sera tested. Platelets removed activity from one serum. It was concluded that both anti-LD and anti-SD antibodies were able to inhibit the MLR at the stimulator cell level. | 142,317 | [
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0.176028,
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... |
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