title stringlengths 0 901 | abstract stringlengths 3 9.89k | PMID int64 22 25.3M | embedding listlengths 768 768 |
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Utilization of physician services for dermatologic complaints. The United States, 1974. | The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey provides data on the "who," "for what complaint," and "to whom" for office visits to office-based physicians. In 1974, complaints referable to the skin accounted for 44 million physicians visits. This represents 7% of the 634 million visits to physician offices made during this period. Dermatologists accounted for 34% of all visits for skin complaints. General and family practitioners accounted for 40% of such encounters. Office visits prompted by dermatologic complaints were frequently less than 16 minutes long. Each office-based dermatologist accounted for an average of 5,600 patient visit per year. According to the dermatologist's diagnosis, 31% of these visits were prompted by acne; warts accounted for an additional 8%. | 142,448 | [
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The cerebrospinal fluid choline levels in patients with Huntington's chorea. Negative effect of haloperidol treatment. | Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) choline (CH) levels were measured in patients with Huntington's chorea (n = 14). This group was found not to differ significantly from normal controls (n = 13). The values for lumbar CSF Ch levels in the normal subjects were comparable with previously reported values. Of the choreic patients, seven were put on haloperidol treatment (4--6 mg daily). The CSF choline level remained unchanged with this treatment after 20 days. CSF cholinesterase activity was measured in the control and choreic group. The results were not significantly different. | 142,461 | [
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Studies of energy-linked reactions. Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by DL-8-methyldihydrolipoate. | 1. DL-8-Methyldihydrolipoate was shown to be a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and ATP-driven energy-linked reactions. 2. ADP-stimulated respiration utilizing pyruvate + malate and succinate in both ox heart and rat liver mitochondria is inhibited; oxidative phosphorylation using pyruvate + malate, succinate and ascorbate + NNN'N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine as substrates is also inhibited; uncoupler-stimulated respiration is unaffected regardless of the substrate used. 3. Mitochondrial oligomycin-sensitive adenosine triphosphatase is inhibited in both the membrane-bound form and the purified detergent-dispersed preparation. 4. ATP-driven transhydrogenase and the ATP-driven energy-linked reduction of NAD+ by succinate in ox heart submitochondrial particles are inhibited, whereas the respiratory-chain-driven transhydrogenase is unaffected. 5. DL-8-Methyl-lipoate has no immediate effect on the above reactions, demonstrating the requirement for the reduced form for inhibition. 6. The inhibitory properties of DL-8-methyldihydrolipoate are analogous to those of oligomycin and provide further evidence of a role for lipoic acid in oxidative phosphorylation. | 142,482 | [
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[Variations of the loudness of a brief tone (20 ms) as a function of the rise and decay times at 1000 Hz]. | The loudness of brief tones have been studied in relation to rise and decay times, by reference a long tone of same frequency. Some differences appear, but they are different with the subjects and the sound pressure levels. | 142,546 | [
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[Biosynthesis of thyroglobulin in the endostyle of larva (ammocoetes) of a fresh water lamprey, Lampetra planeri B1]. | The biosynthesis of thyroglobulin (Tg) in larva of a fresh-water lamprey, Lampetra planeri B1. has been established. This glycoprotein presents the same characters as in thyroid follicles of adult lampreys, as shown by its 18-19 S sedimentation coefficient and by the incorporation (in vivo and in vitro experiments of 4, 12, 72 h) of 125I, 3H-leucine and 3H-galactose. 3-8 S fractions and a 12 S monomer are the precursors of the 18-19 S protein. Total I % of Tg is very low (0.002 %) ; about 5 % of 125I are present in thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) in the 125I-labeled protein. The biosynthesis of 18-19 S Tg proceeds in larvs before the morphological differentiation of thyroid cells and follicles after metamorphosis. However, the biosynthesis of this protein is much slower in the endostyle of larvs, in which a primitive mechanism of storage is poorly efficient, compared to the accumulation of Tg in the colloid of the follicles of adults. | 142,547 | [
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[Transglomerular passage of protein macromolecules in the rat : attempt at quantitative evaluation using ferritin]. | The present microscopic study evaluates precisely the density of ferritin-particules in several substructures of the glomerular barrier, particularly the endothelial barrier, and the glomerular basement membrane, 15 and 60 minutes after the injection of the tracer. This quantitative method opens the way to numerous studies on the pathway of this protein-tracer through the glomerular substructures in the normal and pathologic rat. | 142,554 | [
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[Effect of exogenous ADP and ATP on the motility and respiratory activity of human spermatozoa]. | The respiratory activity of human sperms suspended in a salved solution, is varying when ADP or ATP are added to the medium. Those results seem to indicate that the apparent lack of regulation of the energetic metabolism, which is observed in this cell, could be partially due to low endogenous concentrations of nucleotide-phosphates. The enrichment of the medium with ATP does not lead to any effect on sperm motility and this negative result is discussed. | 142,557 | [
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[Demonstration of interactions between visual and splanchnic afferences at the level of the cerebral cortex in cats]. | In the chloralose-anesthetized cats, evoked potentials (E.P) were recorded from cerebral cortex with the use of 1) macroelectrodes in two overlapping zones between splanchnic and visual areas : Medial Lateral and Anterior Suprasylvian (S II) gyri ; 2) microelectrodes in Medial Lateral gyrus. Our results show : 1) a strong increase of the primary visual E.P. in Medial Laternal gyrus by splanchnic stimulus ; 2) a strong inhibition of the primary splanchnic E.P. in S II by visual stimulus ; 3) an inhibition of some cortical neurons in Medial Lateral gyrus by splanchnic stimulus ; 4) an inhibition of associative visual E.P. in S II by splanchnic stimulus, and of associative splanchnic E.P. in Medial Lateral gyrus by visual stimulus. In the other hand splanchnic and visual E.P. were recorded from N. reticularis and Corpus Geniculatum Mediale with the use of concentric electrode. Some hypothesis concerning interrelations mechanisms are discussed. | 142,561 | [
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[Ultrastructure of Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophages]. | No morphological differences were found among the 10 Listeria phages suspensions examined. The polyhedric head appears to be about 62-66 nm in diameter, the tail devoided of contractile sheath measures 260-280 X 10 nm. The phage adsorption is observed on the cell-wall of Listeria. | 142,575 | [
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Contact dermatitis in black patients. | Black patients readily acquire allergic contact dermatitis from such contactants as paraphenylenediamine, nickel, chromates, and mercaptobenzothiazole. Such dermatitis is often complicated by hyperpigmentation and lichenification unless treated early anf vigorously with systemic corticosteroids. Patch testing is reliable on black skin. In addition, acne veneate (pomade acne, Vaselinoderma), which is characterized by noninflammatory acneiform lesions, is very common in black persons. Finally, the old wives' tale that blacks do not get poison ivy may be laid to rest, along with the popular notion that Indians chewed poison ivy leaves in order to prevent poison ivy dermatitis. Several years ago, I interviewed an Indian Chief on a western reservation and inquired whether, to his knowledge, Indians did ever chew poison ivy leaves. The chief's immediate answer was, "You white men must be crazy to think that we would be that foolish!". | 142,613 | [
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Football acne--an acneiform eruption. | Football acne is a peculiar form of localized acneiform eruption of the chin that occurs in acne-prone individuals, as a result of the use of a protective chin strap under conditions of physical and emotional stress. Perhaps it is a locus minoris resistentiae phenomenon. The condition responds favorably to the removal of the chin strap and to the usual topical and systemic acne therapies. | 142,615 | [
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Echophonocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. | We report the presence of an unusual systolic murmur associated with a traumatic left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. Echophonocardiographic studies showed the murmur to begin at the first heart sound, but end well before the second heart sound. It seems likely that the murmur is caused by the systolic flow of blood from the left ventricle into the relatively noncompliant pseudoaneurysm. The echocardiographic scan of the left ventricle demonstrated a relatively echo-free space posterior to the left ventricular wall, supporting the diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm, which has confirmed with angiographic studies and at surgery. These findings indicate that a combination of noninvasive techniques is useful in establishing this diagnosis. | 142,619 | [
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[Effect of methaqualone on the respiration, phosphorylation and ATPase activity of rat brain mitochondria]. | The authors examined the influence of the preparation metaqualone on some aspects of adrenergic metabolism-respiration, phosphorilation and ATP-ase activity of brain mitochondria of a rat in order to discover pharmacobiochemical mechanism of action. The experimental data showed that administration of metaqualon in a dose of 70 mg per kg of body weight intraperitonealy, induced a lowering of phosphorilating activity in a substrate succinate. This fact gave a foundation to suppose that in shorted respiratory chain the effect of metaqualone on the aerobic resynthesis of ATP was at a level succinat-dehydrogenase complexes. Metaqulaon induced changes in the energetic metabolism, influencing mainly of the mechanisms of the synthesis of ATP without substantial effect on the electrone transport. | 142,623 | [
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Cytochemical localization of the K+ regulation interface between blood and brain. | Phosphatase activity identified with Na+-K+-ATPase was localized at the basal surface of cerebral cortical capillary endothelium by perfusion with a p-nitrophenyl phosphate-strontium medium. The relationship of this to the blood-brain barrier to K+ is discussed. | 142,649 | [
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[The arterial haemodynamics of the liver and spleen in patients with cirrhosis of the liver (author's transl)]. | The findings of detailed angiographic studies in 111 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and 12 patients with thrombosis of the portal system were compared with the angiographic findings in 105 normal people. Definite changes in the haemodynamics of the arterial system of the liver and spleen and of the portal system were observed in patients with cirrhosis. All forms of portal hypertension are characterised by increasing flow in the splenic and left gastric arteries. Arterial flow through the liver is closely correlated with portal pressure. The present angiographic findings confirm the existence of a close interdependence between the arterial and portal systems, which may be regarded as separate limbs of a total unified vascular chain. | 142,729 | [
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[Limey bile (author's transl)]. | Since 1937 we have seen 43 cases of limey bile. The clinical and radiological features and pathological and chemical characteristics are described. Radiological investigation is essential for diagnosis. There are no characteristic clinical findings. Pathologically, the gall bladder shows mild inflammatory features with occlusion of the cystic duct, the gall bladder containing calcium-rich white bile. Calcium carbonate exists as a crystalline or amorphous sediment. The calcium carbonate excretion has not resulted in stone formation. Limey bile is produced by the gall bladder in the gall bladder mucosa. The reason for the high calcium carbonate content and for the crystalline form is unknown. In our experience limey bile is not an early stage in the formation of gall stones, nor does it result from a calcified gall bladder empyema. Limey bile must be considered as a parallel process to the formation of calcium carbonate stones. | 142,730 | [
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[Myelography in patients with acute cauda equina syndrome (author's transl)]. | An emergency myelography was performed on 51 patients with acute cauda equina syndrome. Altogether 23 total obstructions for various causes were found; as well as 13 disc herniations, 2 spinal stenoses and 13 patients with minimal findings in water-soluble myelography. A scheme was developed to analyse the cause of the obstruction and the level of the obstruction in disc herniation cases. The scheme seems to function fairly well, although we have had three errors in the diagnoses of 23 obstructions. | 142,733 | [
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[Contrast and exposure in xeroradiography (author's transl)]. | Systematic sensitometric measurements of xero-radiographs were carried out and compared with ordinary X-ray films. The effect of kilovoltage and exposure on image contrast and resolution was investigated; optimal exposure and kilovoltage were sought and sources of loss of information are pointed out. | 142,734 | [
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The isolation and structure elucidation of macrocyclic lactone antibiotic, A26771B. | The isolation, biological properties and structure elucidation of a sixteen-membered macrocyclic lactone antibiotic, designated A26771B (1), obtained from Penicillium turbatum are discussed. | 142,754 | [
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Localization of the phlorizin site on Na, K-ATPase in red cell membranes. | Phlorizin at 2 X 10(-4) M inhibited Na+ and Rb+-activated ATPase activities in human red cell membranes by 43%. It inhibited the 86Rb uptake activity of erythrocytes by only 15%. 86Rb uptake into resealed ghosts was inhibited strongly when phlorizin and ATP were preloaded in the ghosts before resealing. Na,K-ATPase activity in the resealed ghosts was also inhibited in the presence of phlorizin inside but not outside the ghosts. These findings suggested that the phlorizin site is located inside the cell. | 142,763 | [
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Denial, locus of control and depression among physically disabled and nondisabled men. | The Denial and the Depression scales of the MMPI and Rotter's Locus of Control scale were administered to 26 men with locomotor disabilities and to 44 nondisabled men. Among the disabled, brain-damaged scored higher in the Denial scale than the non-brain-damaged disabled, but not higher than the nondisabled Ss. A fairly high correlation was found between Denial and Locus of Control. The more the S believed that he is externally controlled, the less denial he employed. All disabled groups scored significantly higher on the Depression scale than the nondisabled group. The latter finding is discussed in terms of two behavioral formulations of depression. | 142,778 | [
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Regulatory mechanisms in cell-mediated immune responses. V. H-2 homology requirements for the production of a minor locus-induced suppressor factor. | A mixed leukocyte reaction suppressor factor is produced by spleen cells sensitized in vivo and restimulated in vitro across non-H-2 antigenic barriers. Cells capable of producing this factor appear in the spleens of minor locus-immunized animals later than in animals sensitized to major histocompatibility complex-encoded antigens. However, both H-2 and non H-2-induced factors suppress proliferative responses to any alloantigen. Splenocytes from animals immunized with H-2-identical, minor locus-disparate cells produce suppressor factor in vitro only when restimulated with cells sharing both H-2 and non-H-2 antigens with the in vivo stimulators. | 142,796 | [
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Uncommon ocular changes in Down's syndrome (mongolism). | A one-year-old White female mongoloid child was seen with typical palpebral fissures, esotropia, myopic astigmatism, and nystagmus. Additional uncommon ocular findings included ganglionic neuroretinal hypoplasia (hypoplasia of the optic nerve) and bilateral congenital impatency of the nasolacrimal duct. An active search for these ocular changes is recommended in cases of Down's syndrome. | 142,826 | [
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0.04615385... |
[Treatment of acute idiopathic vestibular paresis (author's transl)]. | In 31 patients with sudden isolated unilateral idiopathic lesion of the vestibular function the effect of therapeutic application of low molecular weight dextran and cortison was examined. 15 out of 31 patients received no drugs, 16 patients were treated with dextran-infusion and cortison for 10 days. Without drug application the vestibular function was restored in only 4 out of 15 patients after about 9 months, but after the therapeutic application of low molecular weight dextran and cortison a normal reaction of the vestibular system was seen in 11 out of 16 patients. | 142,880 | [
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The effect of translation and transcription inhibitors on the synthesis of periplasmic phosphatases in E. coli. | Previous studies by others have indicated that the synthesis of secreted enzymes is unusually sensitive to many translation inhibitors and resistant, for about 30 min, to rifampicin. We have studied the sensitivity of secreted (periplasmic) phosphatases to such inhibitors. Alkaline phosphatase synthesis is more sensitive than total protein synthesis to tetracyclin and spectinomycin, but not to sparsomycin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, kasugamycin, blasticidin S or thiostrepton; it is slightly more resistant than total protein synthesis to the latter two antibiotics. Acid hexose-phosphatase was also preferentially sensitive to tetracyclin and spectinomycin and also to kasugamycin. beta-galactosidase was also included in the study, as an intracellular enzyme, and was found to be preferentially inhibited ("repressed"), sometimes transiently, by all eight translation inhibitors. This effect did not seem to be mediated through cyclic AMP or guanosine tetraphosphate; the "repression" was still evident in mutants with altered rho factor indicating that it may also not be related to artificial polarity. Synthesis of both periplasmic phosphatases was immediately inhibited by rifampicin. These results differ from those found in previous studies with other organisms and suggest a reappraisal of the usual interpretation of these phenomena. | 142,903 | [
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Scanning electron microscopy of euthyroid goiter and Graves's disease. | The scanning electron microscopy of 5 euthyroid polynodular goiters and 5 cases of Grave's disease was studied. In the polynodular goiter most of the follicular cells were flattened. Small, coarse, irregular microvilli were noticed. In the Grave's disease cases the follicular cells were columnar, covered with long microvilli. Marked epithelial infoldings were found. Thick bundles of collagen surrounded the follicles, especially in the polynodular goiter. | 142,911 | [
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Detection of presymptomatic carriers of Huntington's chorea. | Laterality of thumb opposition and handedness were determined in three groups of subjects: patients with Huntington's chorea (n = 18), asymptomatic offspring of patients (n = 40), and asymptomatic siblings of patients over 50 years of age termed 'escapees' (n = 17). 100% of patients and 55% of young at-risk offspring had crossed laterality of thumb opposition and handedness. Only 2 (11.8%) of the 'escapees' had crossed laterality. Crossed laterality may be associated with symptomatic presymptomatic Huntington's chorea. | 142,925 | [
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0.0622... |
Obstruction of the airways by the heart and pulmonary vessels in infants. | It is well known that certain cardiovascular abnormalities, frequently compress the airways in infants [1]. Two additional cardiac mechanisms of airway obstruction are described in this paper: progressive compression of the bronchial tree by left sided cardiac enlargement and infantile cardiac asthma due to compression of the small airways by pulmonary venous congestion. Functional and reversible collapse of the trachea is a frequent finding in cardiac asthma. Infants with these entities often appear to have primary pulmonary disease when in fact the underlying cause of their distress is cardiac in origin. | 142,958 | [
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[Normal gait and its changes after total arthroplasty of the lower extremity. Study on 200 subjects of the support phase of the step and its impulse]. | The authors have studied the normal gait of 50 individuals using a dynamometric platform. Measurements have been made of the impulse at each step, the weight bearing phase and the forces transmitted by the foot to the floor. The results have been compared with those obtained from a study of the gait of 150 patients treated by total prostheses (133 hips, 10 knees, 7 ankles). This type of study leads to a better appreciation of operative results. | 143,007 | [
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[Surgical treatment of recent severe sprains of the knee. Does the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee merit suturing?]. | The authors have reviewed 62 cases of acute ligamentous injury of the knee, all surgically treated. They emphasize the importance of good co-ordination of muscles and ligaments in the function of the knee. The menisci should be preserved wherever possible. Direct suture of the anterior cruciate ligament gives poor results (20 per cent successful). They recommend immediate transplantation of a hamstring (semi-tendinosus) tendon by the Lindeman's technique. They conclude that the anterior cruciate ligament should not be sutured. In three cases it was resected with good results. | 143,010 | [
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Subpopulations of cells involved in the human mixed lymphocyte culture response. | Various subpopulations of human peripheral lymphoid cells were tested for their role in the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) response. Preparations of lymphocytes enriched for T cells, separated by a rosette sedimentation technique, were usually found to exhibit higher MLC responses than preparations enriched for B cells. The relatively high responses of B-cell-enriched preparations could largely be explained by contaminating T cells (approximately 5%) whose MLC reactivities were strongly enhanced by autologous non-T lymphocytes. Cell preparations enriched for B cells were found to be more potent stimulations of MLC responses than T-cell-enriched preparations in most responder-stimulator cell combinations. An MLC response could only be elicited in the presence of cells with characteristics of monocytes/macrophages. These cells could be derived from either the responder or the stimulator. | 143,059 | [
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Immune complex disease associated with an infected ventriculojugular shunt: a curable form of glomerulonephritis. | A 22-year-old man with a ventriculojugular shunt had edema, hematuria, proteinuria, hypocomplementemia, azotemia, and S epidermidis bacteremia. Initial percutaneous renal biopsy showed a diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. Subendothelial and intramembranous deposits were seen on electron microscopy. Immunofluorescent studies were positive for IgG and C3. A repeat percutaneous renal biopsy six weeks after cessation of antibiotic therapy revealed a mild proliferative glomerulonephritis with some evidence of resolution. No deposits were seen on electron microscopy and immunofluorescent studies were negative. At elective shunt revision three months after cessation of therapy, culture of the jugular portion of the removed shunt revealed S epidermidis. Early recognition of immune complex glomerulonephritis occurring with an infected ventriculovascular shunt should permit early treatment (antibiotic therapy and removal of the infected foreign body) and a favorable outcome. | 143,064 | [
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In vitro conversion of 5-androstenediol to testosterone by the central nervous system and pituitary of the male rat. | The in vitro metabolism of 7-3H-5-androstenediol by the pituitary, some brain structures, and ventral prostate of adult castrated male rat was studied. Conversion of 5-androstenediol to radiochemically pure testosterone was demonstrated in all tissues studied in the presence of a NADPH generating system. Formation of dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone was also detected. The higher conversion rates were found in the pituitary, hypothalamus and mesencephalic tegmentum. These results demonstrate the presence of 3beta-hydroxy steroid oxidoreductase, delta4- delta5 isomerase, 5alpha-reductase, and 17beta-ol dehydrogenase in the rat brain which may in part explain the behavioral and brain virilization effects of 5-androstenediol. | 143,088 | [
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[Experimental investigations on the tumorigenic activity of cigarette smoke condensate on mouse skin. VII. Comparative studies of condensates from different modified cigarettes (author's transl)]. | Condensate from different modified cigarettes were compared with condensate from a standard cigarette with regard to its tumorigenic activity on mouse skin. Significant lower effects were observed in test series with cigarettes from expanded tobacco. Different results were obtained in experiments with cigarettes from the new smoking materials. In one case the effect was higher, in two another cases the effect was lower in comparison to the effect of condensate from reference cigarettes. A certain influence may be referred to the diameter of the cigarette, i.e. a thinner cigarette shows a lower biological effect. The lowest tumoringenic effect was observed in tests with cigarettes with a high content of Burley-stems. | 143,142 | [
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Septal perforator compression (narrowing) in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. | Thirteen patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis were compared with two groups of subjects: 10 patients with chest pain, normal coronary arteries and a normal left ventricle, and 10 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. Five of the latter had aortic stenosis and five had idiopathic left ventricular hypertrophy. Coronary arteriography revealed that the septal branches of the left anterior descending artery closed or narrowed during systole in patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis and did not do so in the other patient groups. This narrowing is possibly related to an abnormal position of the septal arteries within the septum in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. Systolic compression of the septal perforator arteries is not a pathognomonic sign of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. | 143,207 | [
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Muscle fiber disarray in common heart diseases. | Myocardial fiber disarray was found at necropsy in each of 53 hearts, 33 from patients with cardiovascular disease--systemic hypertension (12 patients), coronary heart disease (17 patients) or cor pulmonale (4 patients)--and 20 from patients with a normal heart. The myocardial fiber disarray was of mild degree in all 53 patients and, although similar to that observed by others in hearts of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the amount of myocardial fiber disarray per heart was considerably less than that observed in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | 143,208 | [
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Renal allograft artery stenosis. | Thirteen renal artery stenoses occurred in 127 renal allograft transplantations performed at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center over a four year period. The most common symptoms were hypertension and decreasing renal function occurring from three days to three years post transplantation. Eight lesions occurred in patients with a single artery and five when double arteries had been joined together prior to anastomosis rather than implanted separately. The most common causes of renal artery stenosis was intimal hyperplasia of the donor vessel distal to the anastomosis (8 patients), atheromatous plaques (2), technical failure (2), and external compression (1). Surgical correction was facilitated by a midline incision. Resection of the stenotic segment and reanastomosis was the preferred procedure. Surgical failure and recurrence of hypertension were associated with involvement of small arteries or distal arteriolar level. When kidneys with multiple arteries are available, Carrel patches should be used when possible; if not, they should be implanted separately rather than joined together prior to anastomosis, thus decreasing the possibility of creating turbulent blood flow. | 143,215 | [
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[Total expansion of the orbit for micro-orbitism]. | Micro-orbitism which follows the very early arrested development of the optic vesicles hinders the fitting of a prosthesis. A total enlargement of the orbit is proposed which restores the normal dimensions and enables facial symmetry to be re-established. The risks and advantages of this procedure are discussed. | 143,265 | [
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[Early embryonal maldevelopment of the umbilical cord with defect of the abdominal wall and severe body malformations (dysplasia umbilico-fetalis) (author's transl)]. | A case of dysplasia umbilico-fetalis is demonstrated. The malformation comprises a rare and strange reduction anomaly of the feto-umbilical unit, which is caused during early embryonic life (around the 7 mm stage, corresponding to the end of the third week of gestation). The cause of the damage is not known. The folding off of the embryo from the yolk sac and the development of the abdominal stalk are impaired. No abdominal wall is formed, and the umbilicus and umbilical cord are not developed. The abdominal organs are enclosed in a short amnion-mesoderm tube, which is bordered by the retroperitoneum at the fetal side and by the chorionic plate at the placenta side. The umbilical vessels are only a few centimeters long and traverse in the mesodermal layer of the amnion-mesoderm tube. The thin wall of the tube usually ruptures before birth, thus causing an abacterial fibrinoid peritonitis by the chemical irritation of the peritoneum through the constituents of the amniotic fluid. The lower extremities of the fetus reveal varying degrees of reduction deformities. One leg and large parts of the pelvis may be entirely missing, if the side of origin of the extremity is included in the amnion-mesoderm tube. Severe kyphoscoliosis is probably a secondary phenomenon. In addition, malformations of the inner organs occur such as caudal displacement and hernia of the diaphragma, hypoplasia of the lungs, dysplasia of the genito-urinary tract and non-rotation of the gut. The pathophysiology of the rare developmental defect and its secondary implications are discussed with special reference to related malformations such as omphalocele and infraumbilical defect of the abdominal wall. | 143,277 | [
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A description of rheumatology practice. The American Rheumatism Association Committee on Rheumatologic Practice. | Four rheumatologists kept a log of the diagnoses of all patients seen their offices for 2 months. The great majority of patients had rheumatic complaints. Musculoskeletal pain syndromes and back syndromes were encountered most frequently; rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis were also common. Patients with SLE and connective tissue diseases were relatively infrequent. | 143,290 | [
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[Effects of ligation of the ductuli efferentes or the epididymis on testicular function and secretion of gonadotropins in rats]. | One week after ligating the vasa efferentes or the corpus epididymis in adult Wistar rats, we have studied the histological structure of the testes, measured their weights, as well as those of the seminal vesicles, and estimated F.S.H. and I.C.S.H. levels in the plasma through radioimmunoassay. Whereas ligating the corpus epididymis has not effect, ligating the efferent ducts damages the germinal line, without any damage on the Leydig cells; it also raises F.S.H. circulating level, if not I.C.S.H. level. We therefore confirm an inhibin production by seminiferous tubules, this hormone returning to the blood stream in the testis or rather in the head of epididymis as our research in progress suggests. | 143,319 | [
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[The cell wall fractions of Brucella are specific mitogens. Implications in the genesis of the primary immune response]. | Phenol-water extracts from smooth B. melitensis or B. abortus induce specific proliferation of lymphocytes from Brucella-sensitized men or animals. These extracts have no effect on lymphocytes of uninfected subjects. Above findings imply that an antigen will not trigger the so-called primary response when administered to a immune virgin animal. | 143,325 | [
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[Exchange of adenylic nucleotides and bacterial growth]. | Adenylic nucleotides pool reaches optimum with biomass. The ATP quantity decreases after exponential growth. AMP increases when ATP decreases. Energetic load is optimum two hours before optimum growth. E. coli prevent the growth of Pseudomonas. AMP is discharged in the medium at the beginning of growth of E. coli and every time by Pseudomonas. | 143,330 | [
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Some observations on the diurnal variation of mitosis in the stratified squamous epithelium of wounded tympanic membrane. | A study of mitosis in the stratified squamous epithelium of the tympanic membrane of the guinea-pig was made after wounding this organ at 09.00 h in one series of animals and at 21.00 h in a second series. It was found that the diurnal variation of mitosis was abolished by the injury. This finding corresponds with a basic requirement of the chalone-adrenaline hypothesis which is considered to be a factor in the mitotic control of epidermal cells. It was also found that the maximum number of dividing cells was at the wound edge in the group wounded at 09.00 h, which also agrees with the chalone concept. In the group wounded at 21.00 h, however, the initial mitotic response was in cells distally placed from the wound edge which is more difficult to explain. Perhaps these cells are inhibited mitotically by the factors normaly producing a low nocturnal mitotic rate and undergo migration to cover the defect in the first instance, and only divide at a later time when the mitotic inhibition is lifted. It appears that the factors responsible for the increased mitotic rate after wounding are different from those responsible for the diurnal variation. | 143,347 | [
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[Scintigraphic studies of skeletal abnormalities during childhood (author's transl)]. | An extensive application of nuclear medical examination in the field of pediatric diagnostics was only made possible by introduction of short-lived radionuclides. On the one hand, they cause low radiation exposure, on the other they allow short-term check-ups. Analysis carried out on examination results of 47 children revealing various skeletal disorders showed a combination of radiologic-nuclear medical examination methods to produce maximal information suitable for both diagnostics and therapeutical planning. Specific questions such as termination of pathologic alteration process within the skeleton, can be answered only by the use of the scintigraphy. With reference to 4 cases the wide range of possibilities and limitations of skeletal scintigraphy in pediatrics are shown. | 143,404 | [
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0.2375338,
0.02858409,
0.3124939,
0.3226774,
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-0.0445021... |
[Transvenous removal of a catheter which has embolised to the heart (author's transl)]. | The removal of intravenous catheters that embolized into the vena cava superior and the right atrium, is described. This is done with a "Dormia basket", in conjunction with a controllable Medi-Tech-Selection-Catheter. This set is especially suited for the removal of intracardial foreign bodies. The extraction of a catheter is a relatively expedient procedure without undue discomfort for the patient. | 143,409 | [
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[Radiological heart volume determination--a new method carried out in the sitting position (author's transl)]. | A method is described for the determination of cardiac volume with the subject in a sitting position. The results correspond with those of other accepted methods, but there are several significant advantages: 1. The position is easily maintained by the subject and the method is therefore acceptable for patients with cardiac disease. 2. The risks connected with a Valsalva effect are reduced. 3. There is no need to change the position of the x-ray tube during the examination. 4. Contrary to the traditional technique, the x-ray room does not require a very high ceiling. 5. Because of even blood distribution, the cardiac volume determinations also provide information regarding the lungs. | 143,410 | [
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[Idiopathic multicentric osteolysis with craniodysplasis and mental retardation: a new syndrome? (author's transl)]. | A new case of idiopathic multicentric osteolysis presenting with cranial malformation and mental retardation is described. The patient could be followed for some years. Differential diagnosis is considered and a classification of osteolytic syndromes attempted. | 143,430 | [
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[The "crescent sign" in older children (author's transl)]. | The "crescent sign", a dense, convex line parallel to the surface of the kidney, has only been reported in small children with obstructive uropathy during urograms. Two patients (aged 13 and 14 years) with this sign are described. The cause of this appearance is discussed and related to the striations seen on late films in adults with urinary obstruction. The practical value of the "crescent sign" is the possibility of diagnosing obstructive uropathies in the absence of contrast filling of the upper urinary tracts. According to the literature available to us, this is the first time the sign has been reported in older children. | 143,432 | [
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The planning environment of health systems agencies: a strategy for intervention. | In this study, the dependence of the health systems agency, formed under P.L.93-641 in its planning environment, has been analyzed. After presenting some generic barriers to the implementation of the Act, the specific components of the planning environment that support the HSA were identified. The hypothesis is that the viability of the new HSA depends largely upon an improved planning environment. The present constituencies of the HSA are weak, or even negative. A strategy of interventions is tailored for each major component of the planning environment, on the assumption that each is unique in its structure and objectives and therefore in its client relationship to the HSA. The innovative planning processes required by P.L.93-641 will not be achieved without vigorous support from each component. | 143,448 | [
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Visualization of atrial myocardium with thallium-201: case report. | An adult patient evaluated for cyanotic congenital heart disease was found to have pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, hypoplastic right ventricle, and right atrial enlargement. Thallium-201 myocardial imaging before surgical correction showed thallium activity in the right atrium. Following the establishment of a conduit from the right atrium to pulmonary artery, the right-atrial thallium uptake was even more prominent. | 143,479 | [
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Control of occupational exposure to nitrous oxide in the dental operatory. | Methods were developed for controlling the dental team's occupational exposure to nitrous oxide. The most applicable and effective use of these methods included the use of properly maintained gas delivery equipment, a double-walled scavenging nosepiece and vented suction machine, and minimizing speech by the patients. These methods were evaluated by measuring concentrations of nitrous oxide present in the air inspired by dental personnel. Before their use, the dentist inhaled 900 ppm nitrous oxide; their application reduced his inhaled concentration to 31 ppm, representing a 97% reduction. These methods were well accepted during 157 procedures completed by a group of eight dentists engaged in private practice (four general practitioners, two pedodontists, and two oral surgeons). | 143,480 | [
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[Reconstructive procedures in the oral cavity and oropharynx following tumor resection (author's transl)]. | Even in far advanced carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx (T3-tumors) with extensive resections there are methods of plastic reconstruction which provide an acceptable functional and esthetic result for most patients. For immediate reconstruction of the soft tissues the forehead flap of McGregor, the deltopectoral flap of Bakamjian and the posteriorly pedicled tongue flap are particularly useful. Following surgical removal of the chin portion of the mandible a titanium implant is recommended for immediate replacement. Inspite the advances in plastic reconstructive surgery, these procedures rarely lead to a five-year cure rate; regarding palliation and hope for cure they are more promising, however, than radiation therapy alone. | 143,561 | [
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[Calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe masquerading as a parotid-tumour (author's transl)]. | 3 cases of epithelioma calcificans Malherbe are being reported on, which were observed on children in the parotid area. The scarcity of such lesions in the regio parotidea is stressed, conclusions concerning differential diagnosis are following. The sometimes high concentration of mitoses is discussed under consideration of eventual diagnostic problems regarding cytological investigation. | 143,566 | [
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[The function and legal position of the medical expert (author's transl)]. | Numerous facets of the relationships between the judge and the expert affect the function of the panel and its deliberations. Rules of professional conduct may not inhibit the expert's role because no rules exist which run counter to the obligations of the legal advisor. A critical commentary is given of the censure of the federal court by certain medical experts which has caused a stir and provoked an appropriate riposte from a federal judge. The expert differs from an ordinary witness in assisting the judge by interpreting medical facts so that a just assessment may be arrived at. This is the basis of his "power". The responsibility for the judgement rests solely with the judge. Courts, doctors and especially medical experts are inevitable sentenced to collaboration with each other. The exchange of facts and information between litigants may help to calm the apparently strained relations between doctors, patients and the judiciary. | 143,567 | [
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[Long-term observation of fungal and other skin disorders after renal transplantation (author's transl)]. | All of 68 renal transplant recipients (mean observation time 28.4 months after transplantation) showed skin complications. In these subjects fungal infection was found in 51, viral disease in 45 and bacterial infection in 36 cases. Of fungal manifestations candidiasis, onychomycosis, and dermatomycosis were most commonly observed. The most important viral disease was herpes simplex. The main part of bacterial infections was either caused by surgical complications or by super-infection (impetigo) of steroid acne. Non infectious dermatological disorders were usually due to immunosuppressive therapy. | 143,586 | [
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[Operation results in 2000 cases of lumbar intervertebral disk lesions (author's transl)]. | Operative treatment of lesions of the lumbar intervertebral disks with compression of the nerve roots is directed against the principal biomechanical cause of the clinical picture of the lumbosciatica. Very satisfactory results can be obtained if, besides the removal of the prolapsed portions of the disk in the intervertebral space, the diseased layer is also carefully cleared out as far as it is possible to do so, in the interests of preventing relapse. The operation should not be considered one for the inexperienced surgeon. The importance of reliable preoperative localization of the level of the root compression by lumbar radiculography is emphasized. | 143,606 | [
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[Ecology of ixodid ticks from small mammals in the Leningrad oblast]. | Collections from rodents conducted over a period of 11 years in natural nidi of tularemia in the Leningrad region include the ticks of Ixodes persulcatus, I. ricinus, I. trianguliceps and I. apronophorus. The redbacked vole is the main host of I. trianguliceps larvae. The larvae of this species have two peaks of abundance, in June and September. Larvae and other developmental phases of I. apronophorus were most abundant on water vole in June. Larvae of I. persulcatus and I. ricinus feed on small mammals in general but the latter are unessential in the feeding of nymphs. | 143,642 | [
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HLA and MLC typing in patients with Hodgkin's disease. | HLA typing for 27 A and B locus antigens was performed in 137 Caucasian patients with Hodgkin's disease. A and B locus antigen frequencies were compared for the entire group of patients, for 51 patients studied in a prospective manner and for 62 patients surviving with Hodgkin's disease for more than 5 years. MLC typing (HLA-D) was performed in 51 unselected Caucasian patients using 6 differend HLA-D homozygous test cells which define 3 HLA-D specificity groups (DW2, DW3, and DW4). HLA-AW33 was found in 0.0% of patients and in 5.9% of random Caucasian blood donors at the Sloan--Kettering Institute (X2 equals 7.04, p less than 0.01). HLA-A1 was found to be increased to 35.8% in the entire patient group (N = 137) as compared to 25.4% in 855 random North American Caucasians (X2 = 5.97, p less than 0.02). There was no significant deviation of any A or B locus antigen in relation to sex, histology, age of patient, or duration of survival (newly diagnosed vs 5-year survivors). No significant deviation for either of the 3 common HLA-D determinants (DW2, DW3, or DW4) was observed. | 143,667 | [
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A search on karyotypic mosaicism in mongoloid patients and their parents. | The frequency of chromosomal mosaicism among patients with clinical diagnosis of mongolism was determined. Among 50 patients with at least 32 cells studied, 2 (or 4%) were found to be mosaics of the 46/47, +G type. Among 350 patients with at least 5 cells studied, 2 (or 0.57%) 46/47, +G mosaic cases were detected. Taking in account the probability of detecting mosaicism when 5 cells are analysed, a frequency of 0.58% of mosaic cases was estimated for this sample. The mosaic patients were submitted to repeated cytogenetic examination. One of these cases showed significant differences between the frequencies of normal cells, but a linear regression analysis showed that there was no correlation between the frequency of these cells and the patient's age. Clinically, the mosaic patients showed no consistent differences in the severity of the syndrome when compared to mongoloids without mosaicism. A frequency of 16 translocation cases (4%) was found in the total number of mongoloid patients studied. In a sample of 190 parents of regular trisomy-21 children no mosaicism was found in the blood. Also no significant differences were observed between the frequencies of aneuploid, hyperdiploid or hypodiploid cells and those obtained by other authors in the general population. | 143,677 | [
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[Antigenic relations between Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas hydrophila]. | The antigenic relationships between Vibrio cholerae and the oxidase-positive intestinal bacteria, agglutinated on slides by cholera antiserum, were investigated by the agglutination reaction. Of the 478 oxidase-positive strains studied only strain 209 A, belonging to species Aeromonas hydrophila was selected. Evidence was found of common agglutinogenic fractions between Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas hydrophila 209 A. Attention is drawn to possible confusions in the preliminary stages of a laboratory diagnosis of cholera. | 143,704 | [
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Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis against vascular graft infection. | This study investigated the efficacy of perioperative antibiotics in preventing bacteremic infection of vascular suture lines, Dacron grafts, and bovine heterografts. One hundred forty-nine dogs had either segmental excision of the abdominal aorta with primary repair, Dacron prosthesis, or bovine heterograft placement. Animals were randomly assigned to a control group, to receive 10(8) S aureus, or to receive this same dose of staphylococci plus cephalothin (15 mg/kg). After six weeks, graft cultures were obtained. All control animals had negative cultures. Often dogs with an aortic suture line subjected to bacteremia, five were infected. Eight dogs with aortic suture lines received bactermia and antibiotics resulting in only one positive culture. Nineteen animals with bovine grafts were given S aureus resulting in 18 infections, and seven of 12 bovine grafts became infected even with antibiotic coverage. Twenty-eight dogs had a Dacron graft and infusion of Staphylococcus, yielding 23 infections. Of the 24 Dacron graft subjects with induced bacteremia and antibiotics, only four were infected. Intraoperative antibiotics are significantly effective in preventing infection of vascular suture lines and Dacron prostheses but afford less protection to bovine heterografts. | 143,720 | [
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Complications of long term transbrachial hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy. | A total of 127 transbrachial hepatic artery catheters were placed in 75 patients for prolonged infusion of chemotherapeutic agents for primary and secondary tumors of the liver. Hepatic or celiac artery catheterization was possible in 97.4% of patients. The most frequent major complication was partial or complete arterial thrombosis (30 patients). bleeding at the arteriotomy site and pseudoaneurysm also occurred. Minor complications included displacement of catheter from the hepatic artery in 46, cracks or leaks in the catheter at the arteriotomy site in 21, and clotted catheter in 10 instances. Infection occurred in four patients and loss of radial pulse in seven. In view of a significant increase in survival, the complications did not contraindicate long term intraarterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents. The no. 5 French blue thin wall 1.24-1.70 mm tubing proved to be easiest to use and least prone to complications. Proper management of these patients by a team approach (nurse, oncologist, and radiologist) helps to minimize the frequency and severity of complications. | 143,878 | [
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Experimental alteration of physiological state of inner ear fluids. | Mechanisms of endolymphatic hydrops formation in the inner ear are not yet fully understood. The available knowledge of the composition and the function of inner ear fluids, of mechanisms for maintenance of microhomeostasis, and the possible factors responsible for hydrops formation were reviewed. The nature of the functional barrier systems of the inner ear was investigated by measuring the amount of intravenously or intracisternally injected test substances which entered the perilymph. Based on studies of the osmotic relationship between the blood and the perilymph, an hypothesis of hydrops formation is proposed. The hypothesis predicts an osmotic imbalance, resulting from an upset of the homeostasis between the fluid compartments and the tissues of the inner ear, as a factor responsible for endolymphatic hydrops formation. An osmotic imbalance can be induced by various experimental conditions including metabolic disorders. The results of animal experiments strongly suggest the necessity of further survey of metabolic imbalance in Ménière's patients. | 143,903 | [
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Islet transplantation in genetically determined diabetes. | Hyperglycemia induced in animals by beta cell toxins or by pancreatectomy can be reversed by pancreatic islet transplantation. Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism in juvenile onset human diabetics has also been corrected, albeit temporarily because of graft rejection, by pancreatic transplantation. It does not necessarily follow that naturally occurring diabetes in animals or adult onset diabetes in man would respond to similar treatment. Islet transplantation was studied in mice with chemically induced or genetically determined diabetes. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were permanently cured by syngeneic islets and, when immunosuppressed, were rendered normoglycemic for six weeks after receiving xenogeneic rat islets. In contrast, histocompatible islets from normoglycemic coisogenic donors were ineffective in hyperglycemic db/db recipients as were xenogeneic rat islets in immunosuppressed db/db hosts. However, when islets were isolated from db/db donors and transplated to genetically normal coisogenic mice, which had been rendered hyperglycemic with streptozotocin, they became normoglycemic. Apparently the metabolic defect in the db/db mice, which is similar in some ways to human maturity onset diabetes, does not reside in their islets as these cells can function normally if transplanted to genetically nondiabetic hosts. In two other types of genetic diabetes (ob/ob and NZO) islet transplantation was more effective. Pancreatic transplantation is unlikely to be the proper treatment for all types of diabetes even if technical and immunological problems are overcome. | 143,916 | [
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Advantages of potassium cardioplegia and perfusion hypothermia in left ventricular hypertrophy. | An attempt was made to determine the effect of hypothermic potassium cardioplegia (35 mEq of potassium chloride) on the hypertrophic ventricle. Puppies with induced left ventricular hypertrophy were divided into four groups and studied after one hour on global ischemia. Myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was best preserved in the hypothermically perfused groups and correlated well with measurements of coronary sinus creatine phosphokinase (CPK). In Groups 1 and 2 (anoxic arrest at 37 degrees C and KC1 perfusion at 37 degrees C), CPK at 30 minutes of reperfusion was 1,031 and 198 IU, respectively, compared to 35 IU in Group 3 (KC1 perfusion at 4 degrees C) and 44 IU in Group 4 (Ringer's lactate at 4 degrees C). Myocardial injury was milder in Groups 3 and 4 regardless of whether potassium chloride was added. It is apparent that hypothermic perfusion of a hypertrophic ventricle was the major factor in myocardial preservation, as determined by myocardial ATP and coronary sinus CPK. | 143,917 | [
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-0.04299616,
0.2415021,
-0.001111641,
0.3946193,
-0.03962643,
-0.08149751... |
Fructose metabolism in four Pseudomonas species. | 1. ATP-Dependent phosphorylation of fructose could not be detected in extracts of fructose-grown cells of Pseudomonas extorquens strain 16, Pseudomonas 3A2, Pseudomonas acidovorans and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Instead, phosphorylation of fructose to fructose-1-phosphate was found to occur when cell-free extracts were incubated with fructose and phosphoenolpyruvate. Such an activity could not be detected in cell-free extracts of succinate-grown cells. 2. High levels of 1-phosphofructokinase were found in extracts of the above organisms when growth on fructose. 3. Mutants of Pseudomonas extorquens strain 16 lacking 1-phosphofructokinase were unable to grow on fructose. Revertants to growth on fructose had regained the capacity to synthesize this enzyme, indicating its necessary involvement in fructose metabolism. 4. A survey has been carried out of enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism in the species listed above. | 143,919 | [
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Early mobilization and rehabilitation in fractures and orthopaedic conditions. | Many advances have taken place during the past decade in the early mobilization of orthopaedic patients and those with injuries. Light-weight scientific splinting, early rigid fixation with compression plates and nails, and the early mobilization of patients with pathological fractures in neoplastic disease, have meant that these patients can often be mobile in days, and home in a fortnight, instead of spending months languishing in hospital. Scientific treatment of patients with neck and low back pain may similarly minimize chronic disability, while early rehabilitation can enable their early return to employment. It is the purpose of this paper to underline some of the important advances in treatment which have made this possible. | 143,931 | [
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Different effects of inhibitors on two mutants of Escherichia coli K12 affected in the Fo portion of the adenosine triphosphatase complex. | The effects of the inhibitors dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide (DCCD), bathophenanthroline and tertiary octylcatechol, on some enzyme activities in membranes from strains of Escherichia coli carrying mutations in the uncB or uncC genes have been studied. Membranes prepared from uncC mutants retain a normal DCCD-sensitive Mg2+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (Mg-ATPase) activity whereas in uncB mutants this enzyme activity is insensitive to DCCD. The membrane-bound Mg-ATPase activity from the uncC mutant strain, as compared with that from the normal strain, is only partially sensitive to the inhibitors bathophenanthroline or tertiary-octylcatechol. Both of these inhibitors stimulate the membrane-bound Mg-ATPase from uncB mutant strains. A DCCD-insensitive Mg-ATPase activity is found in the cytoplasmic fraction following cell disruption of either the uncB or the uncC mutants. The lipophilic chelators bathophenanthroline and tertiary-octylcatechol stimulate the activity of the 'soluble' Mg-ATPase in the uncB mutant but partially inhibit the activity in the uncC mutant. The NADH oxidase activities in membranes from both mutant and normal strains are strongly inhibited by tertiary-octylcatechol and bathophenanthroline but not by DCCD. | 143,961 | [
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Arginine modifiers as energy transfer inhibitors in photophosphorylation. | Photophosphorylation by spinach chloroplasts is inhibited after they have been incubated in the dark with either phenylglyoxal or butanedione. Inhibition by phenylglyoxal is strongest when N-ethylmorpholine is the buffer used during the incubation; that by butanedione requires the presence of borate as buffer. The inhibitions are not reversed by simply washing out the inhibitor, suggesting that a covalent modification of one or more arginine residues is responsible. This is supported by the reversibility of the butanedione inhibition if both the inhibitor and borate buffer are removed. ATPase of the chloroplasts, and of extracted protein, is inhibited, whether activated by trypsin or by heating. This indicates that arginine residues of the coupling factor are the probable major site(s) for attack by these modifiers, leading to the observed inhibitions. | 143,962 | [
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Synthetic inhibitors of trypsin, plasmin, kallikrein, thrombin, C1r-, and C1 esterase. | p-Carbethoxyphenyl episol-guanidinocaproate and p-(p'-guanidinobenzoyloxy)-phenyl derivatives were prepared, and their inhibitory effects on trypsin, plasmin, plasma kallikrein, thrombin, C1r- and C1 esterase were examined. Among the various inhibitors tested, p-nitrophenyl p'-guanidinobenzoate, N,N-dimethylamino p-(p'-guanidinobenzoyloxy)-benzoyl glycolate and N,N-dimethylamino p-(p'-guanidinobenzoyloxy)-benzilcarbonyloxy glycolate were the most effective inhibitors of trypsin, plasmin, plasma kallikrien and thrombin, and they strongly inhibited the esterolytic activities of C1r- and C1 esterase. | 143,965 | [
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Clinical and hematological heterogeneity of T-cell derived lymphoproliferative diseases. | Human lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by T derived neoplastic cells include Sezary's syndrome and mycosis fungoides, most childhood lymphoblastic lymphomas, about a quarter of acute lymphoblastic leukemias and rare cases of poorly differentiated immunoblastic or lymphocytic lymphomas as well as a small percentage of chronic lymphocytic leukemias. Particular emphasis is placed on the immunological diagnosis of T derived cells using various membrane markers and on the hematological and clinical features of each of the disorders discussed. | 143,976 | [
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[Reversible inhibition of nucleolar function in fibroblasts treated in vitro with adriamycin]. | In chick embryo fibroblasts treated in vitro with adriamycin, the mitotic activity is strongly depressed, the nucleoli are altered, nucleolar RNA synthesis is inhibited and the RNA content is lowered. These effects can be concomitantly and spontaneously reversible, but the mitotic activity does not resume. | 144,009 | [
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Solvolytic desulfation of glycosaminoglycuronan sulfates with dimethyl sulfoxide containing water or methanol. | A solvolytic desulfation of glycosaminoglycuronan sulfates was developed by treatment of their pyridinium salts with dimethyl sulfoxide containing 10% of water or methanol at 80-100 degrees. Chemical and physical studies showed that the solvolytic desulfation is a useful method applicable to all the known glycosaminoglycuronan sulfates without producing depolymerization or unfavorable chemical changes in the polysaccharide molecules. An almost completely desulfated, N-acetylated heparin (S: 0.12%) was obtained by treatment of an N-desulfated and N-acetylated heparin with dimethyl sulfoxide containing 10% of methanol for 2 h at 100 degrees. | 144,018 | [
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Beta-glucuronidase deficiency in a girl with unusual clinical features. | beta-glucuronidase deficiency in fibroblasts, leucocytes and in serum and increased urinary excretion of mucopolysaccharides were found in a girl, now 13 years old, who exhibits some features of a mucopolysaccharidosis such as moderate mental deficiency, craniofacial dysmorphism, a short neck, protruding sternum, vertebral deformities and corneal clouding. Coarse granulations were found in her leucocytes. The liver and spleen are not enlarged and there is no gingival hyperplasia. Additional features, hitherto undescribed, are hydronephrosis and defective ossification of the medial carpal and tarsal bones. Low enzyme activity in the parents and a normal brother suggests heterozygosity. | 144,057 | [
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[Phenotypic frequencies of ABO, rhesus and MN erythrocyte antigen systems, their gene npool and comparative study of the inhabitants of Central Kazakhstan]. | The distribution of ABO, Rh and MN blood groups among 6450 persons of six main nationalities in Karaganda is found to be the following (in percent); O blood group-Ukrainians (34.04+/-1.5), Germans (35.46+/-1.5), Kazakhs(34.62+/-1.6), Tatars (35.9+/-2.2), Russians (37.01+/-1.5), Byelorussians (40.36+/-2.4); A blood group--Kazakhs (27.47+/-1.5), Tatars (32.57+/-2.1), Russians (32.66+/-1.5), Byelorussians (37.23+/-2.4), Ukrainians (37.70+/-1.5), Germans (46.32+/-1.5); B blood group--Germans (13.37+/-1.1), Byelorussians (16.55+/-1.8), Ukrainians (19.30+/-1.3), Russians (23.11+/-1.3), Tatars (24.22+/-0.2), Kazakhs (28.33+/-1.5); AB blood group--Germans (4.85+/-0.7), Byelorussians (5.86+/-1.2), Tatars (7.30+/-1.2), Russians (7.22+/-0.8), Ukrainians (8.96+/-0.9). Reliable differences in Rh system were discovered only in Kazakhs and Tatars, among persons of different nationalities. | 144,082 | [
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[Psychosomatics of acne]. | Psychopathology occurs much more frequently in cases of persisting than in juvenile acne. Moreover, a neurotic personality structure is much more common in cases of persisting than juvenile acne. When a neurotic structure is present, the juvenile acne patient maladjusts to the acne and develops neurotic symptoms. Such psychological consequences represent further stress and cause exacerbations, thus transforming the juvenile into persisting acne. The increased psychopathology in persisting acne is thus both a result as well as a partial cause. It is a link in a vicious circle. The typical pathological patterns of reaction in acne are described. | 144,089 | [
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Synaptic vesicle fraction devoid of adenosine triphosphatase activity from bovine caudatolenticular nuclei and thalamus. | 1. As a part of studies on the mechanism by which catecholamines are released from the nerve terminals, the synaptic vesicle fraction was isolated from bovine caudatolenticular nuclei and thalamus by differential centrifugation essentially according to the method of Kadota and Kadota (17). 2. Further centrifugation on a sucrose density gradient of the synaptic vesicle fraction by the method of Whittaker et al. (1) yielded white materials on the upper portion of 0.4 M sucrose, which consisted of vesicles averaging 600-800 A in diameter, and did not show Mg2+-dependent ATpase activity. On the other hand, the denser materials centering on 0.6 M sucrose, consisting of a mixture of microsomes and synaptic vesicles of 400-500 A diameter, showed an ATpase activity activated by either Mg2+ or Ca2+ but not inhibited by ouabain. 3. The white materials on 0.4 M sucrose were almost free of mitochondria, but they contained a large amount of non-heme iron, as reported elsewhere (2). Furthermore, the protein components analyzed on SDS-polyacrylamide gels were similar to those already reported for purified synaptic vesicles (3). 4. Based on these results, the white materials were assumed to be synaptic vesicles devoid of Mg2+-dependent ATPase activity. | 144,120 | [
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Effect of methyl mercury on phosphorylation, transport, and oxidation in mammalian mitochondria. | the toxic effects of CH3HgCL on mitochondria of mammalian organs including human and rat liver were examined. [203Hg]CH3HGCl was bound mainly to mitochondrial proteins. The binding was not effected by the energy state of mitochondria. The state 3 respiration, oxidative phosphorylation and 32Pi-ATP exchange reaction were inhibited by 10 to 50 nmol of CH3HgCl per mg of mitochondrial protein, while NADH-and succinate-dehydrogenase and ATPase were more resistant to it The difference spectrum of the treated mitochondria indicated that the point of inhibition was located after flavin and before cytochrome b. Mitochondrial swelling was induced by CH3HgCl, in accordance with previous morphological observations in vivo. The swelling, stimulation of ATPase and energy-dependent H+ extrusion cauded by CH3HgCl were equally dependent on K+. Under these conditions, uptake of K+ by mitochondria was increased and the membrane potential was dissipated. Unlike the case with other organomercuric compounds, transport of phosphate was not inhibited by CH3HgCl. When tested on liposomes, CH3HgCl itself was not lipid-soluble, as some organomercuric compounds are, and was not an uncoupler or a K+-carrier. It was concluded that protein bound CH3HgS-induced K+ uptake into mitochondria and the resulting loss of membrane potential was the major cause of uncoupling, though at higher concentrations, the electron transport system was also inhibited. | 144,124 | [
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Pyeloileovesical diversion in a case of prune belly syndrome. | A case of prune belly syndrome that was managed at birth with cutaneous ureterostomies and later reconstructed with a pyeloileovesical diversion (reversed 7) is presented. This constitutes the first report of such treatment in this anomaly. The indications, operative procedure and results after long-term followup are discussed. | 144,195 | [
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[Surgical aspects at the treatment of foreign bodies in the oesophagus trachea and bronchies in infancy (author's transl)]. | In the course of the last 8 years 53 such cases, with reference to the age of the children, the frequency, the localisation, and the nature of the extracted foreign bodies, had been carefully examined. Some diagnostic problems, the technique of the endoscopic extraction, as well as the post-extractional treatment are briefly described and special emphasize is given to the advantages of general anaesthesia. Further on the surgical aspects-which are the consequences as well of the extraction, as of post-extractional complications-are discussed, on the base of four typical cases. | 144,220 | [
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Corticosterone synthesis and serum levels at the end of the perinatal period a study of the effects of stress, diazepam and polyethylene glycol treatments. | The effects of stress (intraperitoneal injections onece daily for three days), diazepam (Faustan, Germed) and polyethylene glycol (Macrogolum, Spofa) on the corticosterone production rate (BPR) and concurrent changes in serum corticosterone levels (BSL) were investigated in 4-day-old male rats. Stress stimulation increased the BSL but the BPR was affected only slightly and the difference was not statistically significant. A low dose of diazepam (1 mg/kg) prevented the stress-induced rise in BSL and decrease of BPR, in comparison to stressed animals. On the contrary, high doses of diazepam (10 mg/kg) increased the BSL, while BPR corresponded to control values. Polyethylene glycol (0.12 g/kg; substance of this class is contained in the diazepam vehiculum) decreased the BSL, but the BPR was increased above control values; a higher dose of this substance (1.2 g/kg) yielded only scattered, non-significant results. It is concluded that in preweaned animals 1. the changes in BSL may be associated with minor or transient changes in BPR which indicate small changes in brainpituitary adrenocorticotropic activity, 2. changes in peripheral corticosterone metabolism can play an exceptionally important role in the regulation of glucocorticoid activity in very young rats, 3. a comparison of controls with stressed animals which had received low doses of diazepam indicate a relatively high steady state activity of adrenal cortex and its regulation in 4-day-old control rats. | 144,278 | [
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Determination of cholesterol turnover rate by a one-and two-pool kinetic analysis. | The cholesterol turnover rate in rabbits with alimentary cholesterol atherosclerosis and in guinea-pigs with chronic vitamin C deficiency was studied by a one- and two-pool kinetic analysis. The one-pool analysis yielded exaggeraged values for the turnover rate, but the turnover rate differences between the control and experimental groups in the one- and the two-pool analysis were very similar. One-pool analysis can be used in initial studies to obtain preliminary data on the effect of nutritional, pharmacological and other factors on cholesterol turnover rate. | 144,287 | [
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In vitro proliferative response of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | The peripheral blood lymphocytes of 13 previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients showed a decreased and delayed response in vitro to plant mitogens (PHA and PWM) and specific antigens (PPD and MLC). In addition, the serum of these patients inhibited the mitotic reactivity of both autologous and homologous normal lymphocytes. Since incubation with CLL serum did not affect the SRBC-rosetting capacity of normal lymphocytes, we believe that CLL serum interferes with some metabolic stage in blastogenesis rather than at the level of mitogen membrane interaction. The in vitro transformation of lymph node, bone marrow and peripheral blood lymphocytes in some of these patients was also investigated. Stimulation of peripheral blood cells with plant mitogens resulted in a more serious impairment of the response than that found with bone marrow and lymph node cells. This could be explained by the fact that, although CLL is a widespread lymphoproliferative disorder, some preferential homing of normally reactive cells in the bone marrow and lymph nodes cannot be excluded. Finally, since no stimulation was observed in mixed leukocyte cultures (MLC), our experiments provide evidence that no antigenic differences are detectable in CLL lymphoid populations. | 144,313 | [
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Recent advances in respiratory conditions in cattle. | The study of cattle respiratory diseases during the last decade show that several observations made in the late 1960s are still relevant today. Many of these diseases are shared with other countries in Europe, but the developments discussed will be examined with the respiratory disease problems that occur in Britain in mind. The new information is dealth with as it applies to (i) structure, function and immunology of the lungs (ii) diseases of calves indoors (iii) diseases of young animals grazing, (iv) diseases of adult animals indoors and (v) diseases of adult animals grazing. | 144,349 | [
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Multiple primary malignancies. A statistical study based on autopsy data from 1943-1972. | Autopsy data from 1943 to 1972 has been analysed for the study of multiple primary malignancies (MPM). It is shown that association between different primaries takes place at random and that there are no favourable combinations. It is further concluded that tumors do not produce either immunity or enhanced susceptibility to any subsequent malignancies of the same or any other organ. The importance of such studies is pointed out. | 144,357 | [
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0.170688,
-0.1747... |
[Clinical-radiological parallel control of a longitudinal study of the anti-caries effect of aminofluoride applied locally for 7 years in a double-blind test]. | The determination of anticarious effects of topically administered fluorine compounds is usually based on short-time cross-sectional or longitudinal studies. In a comparison made for a period of more than seven years the anticarious effects of amine fluorides administered to selected groups of test subjects have been studied under controlled clinical experimental conditions. | 144,378 | [
-0.06622551,
0.038703,
0.01949068,
0.1828275,
0.1043578,
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0.1046436,
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0.3779754,
0.1718628,
0.01246635,
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0.2047899,
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0.1658031,
0.2226826,
0.03433887,
-0.1319687,
0.3... |
[Animal experimental studies on the question of chemical prevention of congenital clefts. II. Studies on mouse cleft palates due to cyclophosphamide]. | Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects were produced by cyclophosphamide in mice of the AB/Jena-Halle strain. The simultaneous administration of Solcoseryl tended to modify these noxious effects, significantly reducing the incidence of cleft palates to one half. | 144,379 | [
0.1891078,
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0.1034735,
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0.402407,
0.03579985,
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0.1227854,
0.3915523,
0.1457683,
0.1487487,
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-0.14... |
[Biological characteristics of Proteus strains isolated from water sources in the Azerbajiani SSR]. | Biological characteristics of 102 Proteus strains isolated from the water bodies is given. The strains studied were referred to Pr. mirabilis, more rarely to Pr. vulgaris; about half of the cultures deviated from these biological types by the signs of indol formation and maltose fermentation. Proteus of groups O3, O5, O13, O23, and O30 were revealed in studying the serological characteristics. All the cultures were polyresistant, nonbacteriocinogenic; most of them were sensitive to the wide colicine spectrum. One strain produced a cytopathogenic action on the tissue culture. | 144,392 | [
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0.331962,
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0.01623265,
0.3353388,
0.009331318,
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0.4484521,
0.2324465,
-0.2107017,... |
[Study of the incomplete antibodies in a population of different age groups in foci of bovine brucellosis in Kashka-Darya Province]. | Antiglobulin Coombs' test was included into the complex of sero-allergic reactions used for selection of the groups of population to be vaccinated by epidemiological indications, for the purpose of studying the incomplete antibodies in age aspect under conditions of the existing foci of brucellosis infection. A total of 1904 persons were examined. Incomplete antibodies were found with equal frequency in the blood serum of children and in adults of the population of the Kashka-Dariya region of Uzbek SSR residing in the foci of cattle brucellosis; it was revealed in 40.3% of children aged from 7 to 10 to 10 years, in 45.6% of children aged from 11 to 14 years, and in 42.3% of adults aged from 31 to 40 years. | 144,393 | [
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0.2338307,
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0.09193047,
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0.07754678,
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-0... |
[The metallic cations' capture through the external mucopolysaccharide surface coat encompassing the neurons (author's transl)]. | Union of several iron compounds and other metallic cations to the duodenum mucines and to the neuronal surface mucopolysaccharides is studied. The results differentiate clearly the behaviour of the duodenum mucosubstances and neuronal surface mucosubstances. The duodenum mucines only attract to certain cations, in such a way that their union seems to be specific. On the contrary the neuronal surface mucopolysaccharides attract to most of the assaied metallic cations. These results coincide with other biochemical ones that prove that cationic attraction by the acid mucopolysaccharides is of electrostatic nature. To reveal the metallic cation union to the mucopolysaccharides is used ammonium sulphide in solution. The physiological role of these perineuronal mucopolysaccharides in relation to nervous impulse transmission and propagation is discussed attending to the obtained results. | 144,400 | [
-0.1610599,
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0.002610684,
0.2733384,
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0.4232866,
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0.08981717,
0.3671287,
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-0.145... |
Laparoscopic exposure and sequential observation of the ovary of the cycling bitch. | A method was developed to alter surgically the bursa of the bitch to allow sequential observation of the ovary by means of laparoscopy. Adult anesthetized female dogs of three breeds underwent laparoscopic examinations in which each natural bursa slit was lengthened 1.0-1.5 cm using laparoscopic hook scissors in conjunction with electrocautery. The ovary could be effectively and repeatedly exposed for laparoscopic viewing through the lengthened bursa slit. Neither laparoscopic surgery nor frequent routine laparoscopic examinations of the reproductive organs had an effect on subsequent ovarian activity. All dogs subjected to the laparoscopic ovarian exposure technique exhibited estrus behavior, follicle development, ovulation and corpus luteum formation. Preovulatory follicular development was detected as early as 11 days before ovulation with the most rapid follicular maturation occurring two to three days before ovulation. Follicular collapse and extensive hemorrhage at the rupture site during ovulation did not occur. Release of the cumulus mass from a vesicular follicle was observed in one bitch. The cumulative mass adhered to the follicular wall for an indefinite time following ovulation. The structural size of the bitch corpus luteum was maximal four to eight days following ovulation. Corpora lutea remained visible on the ovarian surface for 16 weeks. No differences in cyclic ovarian morphology were observed among the three breeds of dogs studied. | 144,445 | [
0.1642894,
0.1877408,
-0.2708978,
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0.265309,
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0.3781342,
0.3631971,
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0.3259953,
0.5592692,
-0.5213801,
-0.007725828,
0.02425351,
-0.3142424,
... |
Biochemical changes in progressive osteoarthrosis. | Quantitative and qualitative variations in glycosaminoglycan content were studied in fibrillated, intact, and osteophytic cartilage of the human femoral head in osteoarthrosis. Total glycosaminoglycan content was reduced in fibrillated, unchanged in intact, and raised in osteophytic cartilage. In fibrillated and osteophytic cartilage the ratio of chondroitin sulphate to keratan sulphate was high and therefore resembled immature cartilage. Hyaluronic acid was present in reduced amount in all osteoarthrotic material. Proportionally more proteoglycans were extractable by 0-15 M NaCl and 4 M guanidinium chloride from the diseased cartilage than from normal cartilage, and all proteoglycans irrespective of buoyant density were carbohydrate deficient. It is postulated that the changes described are compatible with collagen and matrix disruption due to focal overloading and the general attempt at repair. | 144,463 | [
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0.2175055,
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0.1977819,
0.432068,
-0.1462785,
0.1389137... |
[Exudative diabetic retinopathy. The use of clofibrate in the treatment of hard exudates using a reduced but prolonged dosage over several years (author's transl)]. | Clofibrate is the treatment of choice in exudative diabetic retinopathy. With a low dose the exudates disappear, on the condition to carry on the treatment during several years. 1 or 2 capsules a day (500 or 1 000 mg/day) is enough. At this dose the tolerance is very good, allowing a regular and non-stop treatment. | 144,477 | [
-0.18297,
0.2369335,
0.0846112,
0.08476266,
0.02793615,
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0.193942,
0.1553376,
0.08502577,
-0.1186278,
0.08841458,
-0.02681483,
-0... |
[Changes of the corneal thickness after cataract extration (author's transl)]. | A study of changes of the corneal thickness after cataract extraction was carried out on 149 patients. Cataract extraction was performed with partial knife incision or "ab externo" incision. The corneal thickness was measured with a Haag-Streit pachometer prior to cataract extraction and 4 days to 6 months after the operation. The investigation showed that the postoperative increase of the corneal thickness returns as before the operation. | 144,481 | [
0.04100277,
0.1832269,
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0.01937727,
0.4733593,
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0.2597862,
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0.3166834,
0.1721337,
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-0.06279457,
-0.0275442,
0.03173437,
0.09... |
[Herpetic keratitis as a cause of disturbance of motility of the globe and upper lid (author's transl)]. | The author describes the phenomenon of convergent squint and ptosis of the upper eyelid caused by relasping herpetic keratitis have not been previously reported, although this possibility should be considered. This observation represents a contribution to the better understanding of herpetic eye disease in general as well as the eventual recognition of the toxic effect of the HSH virus on man in vivo. According to the author these ocular disturbances are provoked by the toxic effect of the human herpes simplex virus and are connected to its neurotropism. | 144,483 | [
-0.4840807,
-0.216524,
-0.2635826,
-0.02362828,
-0.05355025,
-0.2939364,
-0.4581279,
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0.02478498,
-0.1324804,
0.09716424,
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0.07163835,
-0.1067698,
0.2300692,
-0.03925325,
0.2021462,
0.189155... |
The formation of phosphoenzyme of sarcoplasmic reticulum. Requirement for membrane-bound Ca2+. | Membrane-bound Ca or Mg of sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments were removed by treating the membrane with EDTA or an acidic solution, and the changes in the enzymatic activities of sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments induced by these treatments were examined. With the decrease in the amount of membrane-bound Ca below 1-3-10(-8) mol/mg protein, it was demonstrated that the activity of (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase transiently increased and then diminished, that the Ca-uptake and phosphoenzyme formation declined gradually, and that the activity of Mg2+-ATPase was affected to a less extent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoretic patterns of peptides from the metal-deficient membranes were the same as those of the untreated material. The level of the phosphoenzyme formation of the metal-deficient membrane was restored by increasing the amount of membrane-bound Ca, but not by increasing the amount of membrane-bound Mg. | 144,531 | [
-0.4209456,
-0.01662662,
-0.1884288,
0.1500161,
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0.2960331,
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0.1009355,
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0.1626813,
0.3829511,
0.3072454,
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0.11... |
Isolation and purification of normal and malignant colonic plasma membranes. | Plasma membrane fractions from normal colon cells and a transplantable colon adenocarcinoma were isolated and purified by differential and zonal density centrifugation. Enrichment of normal and adenocarcinoma plasma membranes was found in zonal fractions I and II (ZI and ZII) following centrifugation in an 18--50% sucrose gradient. The distribution of various marker enzymes in normal colon preparations suggested an apical origin for the membranes obtained in zonal fraction I while zonal fraction II appeared to contain basal-lateral membrane fragments. Enzymatic analysis of the plasma membrane derived from the colon tumor indicated that these fractions possess a more uniform distribution of Na-K+ ATPase perhaps reflecting a dedifferentiated state. The plasma membrane fractions isolated should prove useful for investigation of transport and other properties of vesicles derived from malignant and normal colon cells. | 144,556 | [
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0.02046536,
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0.5339361,
0.2988908,
-0.153653,
... |
Inhibition of surface immunoglobulin centeral capping of Daudi cells and cell spreading of HeLa-S3 cells by neocarzinostatin. | The effects of an antitumor antibiotic, neocarzinostatin (NCS), on the surface immunoglobulin central capping induced by anti-immunoglobulin M antibody on Daudi cells and on the cell spreading of trypsinized HeLa-S3 cells were examined. Pretreatment of Daudi cells and HeLa-S3 cells with NCS, 5 to 30 micrograms/ml, for 4 hr inhibited cap formation and cell spreading, respectively. It was shown that there is a direct relationship between the dose and the degree of inhibition. Inhibitors of DNA synthesis such as bleomycin, mitomycin C, and 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine showed no inhibitory effect on cap formation or cell spreading. However, known microtubule-acting agents such as colchicine and vinblastine sulfate completely inhibited both capping and cell spreading at a dose of 10 micrograms/ml. In view of the fact that 10 micorograms NCS per ml also inhibit the formation of microtubular paracrystals induced by vinblastine sulfate in HeLa-S3 cells and that other agents known to influence microtubule function such as local anesthetics and calcium ionophores also inhibit both paracrystal formation and cap formation, these new observations add further support to our hypothesis that NCS affects microtubular proteins transmembranously in vivo. | 144,561 | [
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0.411847,
0.7384586,
0.1964736,
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-0.... |
Leptofibrils in intrafusal muscle fibres of muscle spindles in the domestic fowl. | Leptofibrils consisting of narrow dark and wide light bands at regular periods are commonly found in intrafusal muscle fibres of chicken muscle spindles. They are particularly abundant in intrafusal muscle fibres with the loose type of myofilaments. They occur either at the periphery of intrafusal muscle fibres or in deeper regions, or even close to sensory nerve terminals. Dark bands of some peripheral leptofibrils vary considerably in size and appear less regular in configuration. Lateral extensions from the dark bands may occur with or without interconnections. Lateral attachments to myofilaments at the immediate neighbourhood may also occur. | 144,565 | [
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0.03375545,
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0.04707278,
0.3507812,
0.008699408,
... |
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