text stringlengths 1 3.05k | source stringclasses 4
values |
|---|---|
in mathematics, an open set is a generalization of an open interval in the real line. in a metric space ( a set along with a distance defined between any two points ), an open set is a set that, along with every point p, contains all points that are sufficiently near to p ( that is, all points whose distance to p is le... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics and computer science, a balanced boolean function is a boolean function whose output yields as many 0s as 1s over its input set. this means that for a uniformly random input string of bits, the probability of getting a 1 is 1 / 2. examples of balanced boolean functions are the function that copies the fi... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in nature, networks rarely appear in isolation. they are typically elements in larger systems and can have non - trivial effects on one another. for example, infrastructure networks exhibit interdependency to a large degree. the power stations which form the nodes of the power grid require fuel delivered via a network ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
brasch et al. 2012 show how a generalized fibonacci sequence also can be connected to the field of economics. in particular, it is shown how a generalized fibonacci sequence enters the control function of finite - horizon dynamic optimisation problems with one state and one control variable. the procedure is illustrate... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
relations of this kind are treated in more detail in the section " types of spaces ". it is not always clear whether a given mathematical object should be considered as a geometric " space ", or an algebraic " structure ". a general definition of " structure ", proposed by bourbaki, embraces all common types of spaces,... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the state set at input position k is called s ( k ). the parser is seeded with s ( 0 ) consisting of only the top - level rule. the parser then repeatedly executes three operations : prediction, scanning, and completion. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
normally, they represent information concerning time ( " @ past ", " @ future ", etc. ), reference ( " @ def ", " @ indef ", etc. ), modality ( " @ can ", " @ must ", etc. ), focus ( " @ topic ", " @ focus ", etc. ), and so on. within the unl program, the process of representing natural language sentences in unl graphs... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in network management, fault management is the set of functions that detect, isolate, and correct malfunctions in a telecommunications network, compensate for environmental changes, and include maintaining and examining error logs, accepting and acting on error detection notifications, tracing and identifying faults, c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the natural logarithm has the number e β 2. 718 as its base ; its use is widespread in mathematics and physics, because of its very simple derivative. the binary logarithm uses base 2 and is frequently used in computer science. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in operating systems, a task manager is a system monitor program used to provide information about the processes and applications running on a computer, as well as the general status of the computer. some implementations can also be used to terminate processes and applications, as well as change the processes'schedulin... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the maximum among the conductance of clusters provides a bound which can be used, along with inter - cluster edge weight, to define a measure on the quality of clustering. intuitively, the conductance of a cluster ( which can be seen as a set of vertices in a graph ) should be low. apart from this, the conductance of t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
{ \ displaystyle \ pr \ left \ geq \ pr \ left. } while this intuitive - seeming result is true for gaussian processes, it is not in general true for other random variables β not even those with expectation 0. as a corollary, if ( x t ) t β₯ 0 { \ displaystyle ( x _ { t } ) _ { t \ geq 0 } } is a centered stationary gau... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
another term, used to denote call attempts that fail during the call setup procedure, is blocked calls. the call setup success rate in conventional ( so - called land - line ) networks is extremely high and is significantly above 99. 9 %. in mobile communication systems using radio channels the call setup success rate ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, specifically group theory, given a prime number p, a p - group is a group in which the order of every element is a power of p. that is, for each element g of a p - group g, there exists a nonnegative integer n such that the product of pn copies of g, and not fewer, is equal to the identity element. the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in programming and software development, fuzzing or fuzz testing is an automated software testing technique that involves providing invalid, unexpected, or random data as inputs to a computer program. the program is then monitored for exceptions such as crashes, failing built - in code assertions, or potential memory l... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the context of telephony, a telephone line ( the system ) typically offers a set of features that include call forwarding and call waiting. call waiting allows one call to be suspended while a second call is answered, while call forwarding enables a customer to specify a secondary phone number to which additional ca... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in phylogenetics, maximum parsimony is an optimality criterion under which the phylogenetic tree that minimizes the total number of character - state changes ( or minimizes the cost of differentially weighted character - state changes ). under the maximum - parsimony criterion, the optimal tree will minimize the amount... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in pattern recognition and machine learning, a feature vector is an n - dimensional vector of numerical features that represent some object. many algorithms in machine learning require a numerical representation of objects, since such representations facilitate processing and statistical analysis. when representing ima... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in spoken language yes / no questions will oftentimes differ in their word order from the statement form. for example, in english : english statement : he will buy the shirt. english yes / no q : will he buy the shirt? in asl, yes / no questions are marked by the non - manual grammatical markings ( as discussed in sect... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the examples we choose should stress simple dutifulness. the first of these methods, argues kant, is destined to fail because students will not come to understand the unconditional nature of duty. the examples will also not be very inspiring. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
both of these examples use multiple sensors to sample signals and form images based on the manipulation of these multiple signals. processing in multi - dimension ( m - d ) requires more complex algorithms, compared to the 1 - d case, to handle calculations such as the fast fourier transform due to more degrees of free... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the order of a group g is denoted by ord ( g ) or | g |, and the order of an element a is denoted by ord ( a ) or | a |, instead of ord ( β¨ a β© ), { \ displaystyle \ operatorname { ord } ( \ langle a \ rangle ), } where the brackets denote the generated group. lagrange's theorem states that for any subgroup h of a fini... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in order to assess the performance of machine learning models, tensorflow gives api access to commonly used metrics. examples include various accuracy metrics ( binary, categorical, sparse categorical ) along with other metrics such as precision, recall, and intersection - over - union ( iou ). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematical programming and polyhedral combinatorics, the hirsch conjecture is the statement that the edge - vertex graph of an n - facet polytope in d - dimensional euclidean space has diameter no more than n β d. that is, any two vertices of the polytope must be connected to each other by a path of length at most... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the row is then interpreted as a relvar composed of a set of tuples, with each tuple consisting of the two items : the name of the relevant column and the value this row provides for that column. each column expects a data value of a particular type. for example, one column might require a unique identifier, another mi... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the catalan language, sentences consist of a collection of noun phrases grouped around a verb. one of these noun phrases has the syntactic function of subject while the others function as complements ( direct, indirect, prepositional or verbal ), or adverbials ( of time, place, manner, etc. ). the sentence can be in... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
thus, recipes for the production of hydrochloric acid only appear in the late sixteenth century, the earliest being found in giovanni battista della porta's ( 1535 β 1615 ) magiae naturalis ( " natural magic " ) and in the works of other contemporary chemists like andreas libavius ( c. 1550 β 1616 ), jean beguin ( 1550... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
- four years study ( 4 b. eng. or b. asc. ) names are traditionally prefixed with the ir. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, in particular linear algebra, the bunch β nielsen β sorensen formula, named after james r. bunch, christopher p. nielsen and danny c. sorensen, expresses the eigenvectors of the sum of a symmetric matrix a { \ displaystyle a } and the outer product, v v t { \ displaystyle vv ^ { t } }, of vector v { \ d... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in functional programming, property - based testing has allowed the mathematical specification and testing ( if not exhaustive testing ) of the expected behaviour of individual functions. the object constraint language ( and specializations such as java modeling language ) has allowed object - oriented systems to be fo... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the united states, the health insurance portability and accountability act and health information technology for economic and clinical health act require companies to report data breaches to affected individuals and the federal government. health information privacy health insurance portability and accountability ac... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for example, many early email systems were not 8 - bit clean ; they seemed to transfer typical short text messages properly, but converted " unusual " characters ( the control characters, the " high ascii " characters ) in an irreversible way into some other " usual " character. many of these systems also changed user ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for positive odd primes p, q { \ displaystyle p, q } the solubility of n 2 β p β‘ 0 mod q { \ displaystyle n ^ { 2 } - p \ equiv 0 { \ bmod { q } } } for n { \ displaystyle n } determines the solubility of m 2 β q β‘ 0 mod p { \ displaystyle m ^ { 2 } - q \ equiv 0 { \ bmod { p } } } for m { \ displaystyle m } and vice v... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in natural language processing and information retrieval, explicit semantic analysis ( esa ) is a vectoral representation of text ( individual words or entire documents ) that uses a document corpus as a knowledge base. specifically, in esa, a word is represented as a column vector in the tf β idf matrix of the text co... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in propositional calculus and proof complexity a propositional proof system ( pps ), also called a cook β reckhow propositional proof system, is a system for proving classical propositional tautologies. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in probability theory the hypoexponential distribution or the generalized erlang distribution is a continuous distribution, that has found use in the same fields as the erlang distribution, such as queueing theory, teletraffic engineering and more generally in stochastic processes. it is called the hypoexponetial distr... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for functions of a single real variable whose graphs have a bounded number of intersection points, the complexity of the lower or upper envelope can be bounded using davenport β schinzel sequences, and these envelopes can be computed efficiently by a divide - and - conquer algorithm that computes and then merges the en... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in number theory, the study of diophantine approximation deals with the approximation of real numbers by rational numbers. it is named after diophantus of alexandria. the first problem was to know how well a real number can be approximated by rational numbers. for this problem, a rational number a / b is a " good " app... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
from the 1980s onwards, critics increasingly refused to ask questions about diegetic elements of the text, instead acknowledging that many elements simply cannot be known definitively. focus shifted away from whether the ghosts were real and onto how james generated and then sustained the text's ambiguity. a study into... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
a major result of complexity theory is that np can be characterized as the problems solvable by probabilistically checkable proofs where the verifier uses o ( log n ) random bits and examines only a constant number of bits of the proof string ( the class pcp ( log n, 1 ) ). more informally, this means that the np verif... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in radio networks, the n nodes may in every round choose to either transmit or receive a message. if no collision detection is available, then a node cannot distinguish between silence or receiving more than one message at a time. should collision detection be available, then a node may detect more than one incoming me... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
search engines rank web pages by their expected relevance to a user's query using a combination of query - dependent and query - independent methods. query - independent methods attempt to measure the estimated importance of a page, independent of any consideration of how well it matches the specific query. query - ind... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in microeconomics, search theory studies buyers or sellers who cannot instantly find a trading partner, and must therefore search for a partner prior to transacting. it involves determining the best approach to use when looking for a specific item or person in a sizable, uncharted environment. the goal of the theory is... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in numerical linear algebra, the rayleigh β ritz method is commonly applied to approximate an eigenvalue problem for the matrix a β c n Γ n { \ displaystyle a \ in \ mathbb { c } ^ { n \ times n } } of size n { \ displaystyle n } using a projected matrix of a smaller size m < n { \ displaystyle m | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
it may be used in both wired or wireless communications, so that adjacent frequency bands on the same media can avoid interference. the spectrum can also be licensed for low - power devices such as a private mobile phone network. = = references = = | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the branches of mathematical logic known as proof theory and type theory, a pure type system ( pts ), previously known as a generalized type system ( gts ), is a form of typed lambda calculus that allows an arbitrary number of sorts and dependencies between any of these. the framework can be seen as a generalisation... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
if we consider the thesis and its converse as definition, then the hypothesis is an hypothesis about the application of the mathematical theory developed from the definition. for the acceptance of the hypothesis, there are, as we have suggested, quite compelling grounds. the church β turing thesis : stephen kleene, in ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for each qubit sent, alice chooses one computational basis state and one hadamard basis state such that the state of the qubit is one of these two states. alice then announces those two states. alice will note whether the state is the computational basis state or the hadamard basis state ; that piece of information mak... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in some languages, the tilde is a diacritic mark placed over a letter to indicate a change in its pronunciation : | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in statistics, measures of central tendency and statistical dispersion, such as the mean, median, and standard deviation, are defined in terms of l p { \ displaystyle l ^ { p } } metrics, and measures of central tendency can be characterized as solutions to variational problems. in penalized regression, " l1 penalty " ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the field of database design, a multi - model database is a database management system designed to support multiple data models against a single, integrated backend. in contrast, most database management systems are organized around a single data model that determines how data can be organized, stored, and manipulat... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in some models, all operations to different locations are relaxed. a read or write may be reordered with respect to a different read or write in a different location. the weak ordering may be classified under this category and two types of release consistency models ( rcsc and rcpc ) also come under this model. three c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the united states, the environmental protection agency ( epa ) sets performance standards for marine sanitation devices, and the u. s. coast guard ( uscg ) issues regulations governing the design, construction, certification, installation and operation of msds. uscg has certified three kinds of marine sanitation dev... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in number theory, functions of positive integers which respect products are important and are called completely multiplicative functions or totally multiplicative functions. a weaker condition is also important, respecting only products of coprime numbers, and such functions are called multiplicative functions. outside... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
pgp uses key ids to refer to public keys for a variety of purposes. these are not, properly speaking, fingerprints, since their short length prevents them from being able to securely authenticate a public key. 32bit key ids should not be used as current hardware can generate a colliding 32bit key id in just 4 seconds. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
just as in the 2 - component cat code, one needs to stabilize the code in order to prevent bit - flips. the same strategies can be used but are challenging to implement experimentally because higher order non - linearities are required. = = references = = | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in order to generate the next sequence, first take the previous pattern, add the next letter from the alphabet, and then repeat the previous pattern. the first few steps are listed here. a generator can be found here abacaba is a " quickly growing word ", often described as chiastic or " symmetrically organized around ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
let a d { \ displaystyle a _ { d } } denote the set of elements of a { \ displaystyle a } divisible by d { \ displaystyle d } when d { \ displaystyle d } is a product of distinct primes from p { \ displaystyle p }. further let a 1 { \ displaystyle a _ { 1 } } denote a { \ displaystyle a } itself. let z { \ displaystyle... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the initial object in the category of bounded lattices is a boolean domain. in computer science, a boolean variable is a variable that takes values in some boolean domain. some programming languages feature reserved words or symbols for the elements of the boolean domain, for example false and true. however, many progr... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
here, a conceptual problem arises. the basic reason is that the income of one institutional unit is the expenditure of another, and the input of one institutional unit is the output of another. if therefore we want to measure the total value - added by all institutional units, we need to devise a consistent procedure f... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in modern mathematical language, the problem posed on the tablet is the following : a rectangle has area a = 0. 75 and diagonal c = 1. 25. what are the lengths a and b of the sides of the rectangle? the solution can be understood as proceeding in two stages : in stage 1, the quantity c 2 β 2 a { \ displaystyle { \ sqrt... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the internet protocol suite ( tcp / ip ), osi's data link layer functionality is contained within its lowest layer, the link layer. the tcp / ip link layer has the operating scope of the link a host is connected to, and only concerns itself with hardware issues to the point of obtaining hardware ( mac ) addresses fo... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for instance, this is true of the order polytope of any partially ordered set, a polytope defined by pairwise inequalities between coordinates corresponding to comparable elements in the set. another well - known polytope in combinatorial optimization is the matching polytope. clearly, one seeks for finding matchings a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for example, in the word εΈ ( sushi ), the two characters are respectively read as su and shi, but the character means " one's natural life span " and εΈ means " to administer ", neither of which has anything to do with the food β this is ateji. conversely, in the word ( tabako ) for " tobacco ", the individual kanji res... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in probability theory and computer science, a log probability is simply a logarithm of a probability. the use of log probabilities means representing probabilities on a logarithmic scale ( β inf, 0 ] { \ displaystyle ( - \ inf, 0 ] }, instead of the standard { \ displaystyle } unit interval. since the probabilities of ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the born rule associates a probability with each unit vector in the hilbert space, in such a way that these probabilities sum to 1 for any set of unit vectors comprising an orthonormal basis. moreover, the probability associated with a unit vector is a function of the density operator and the unit vector, and not of ad... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
because of this, it is less affected by the curse of dimensionality than e. g. a p - dimensional smoother. furthermore, the am is more flexible than a standard linear model, while being more interpretable than a general regression surface at the cost of approximation errors. problems with am, like many other machine le... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in multi - programming or in a multi - user environment, many users may execute the same program, written so that its code and data are in separate pages. to minimize ram use, all users share a single copy of the program. each process's page table is set up so that the pages that address code point to the single shared... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in numerical analysis, the kahan summation algorithm, also known as compensated summation, significantly reduces the numerical error in the total obtained by adding a sequence of finite - precision floating - point numbers, compared to the obvious approach. this is done by keeping a separate running compensation ( a va... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the context of network theory, a complex network is a graph ( network ) with non - trivial topological features β features that do not occur in simple networks such as lattices or random graphs but often occur in networks representing real systems. the study of complex networks is a young and active area of scientif... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in particle physics, a hyperon is any baryon containing one or more strange quarks, but no charm, bottom, or top quark. this form of matter may exist in a stable form within the core of some neutron stars. hyperons are sometimes generically represented by the symbol y. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in some cases the two methods may yield essentially the same results. the basis functions are typically found by computing the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix of the data set. a more advanced technique is to form a kernel out of the data, using a fixed kernel. the basis functions from the eigenvectors of the kern... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in molecular biology and genetics, dna annotation or genome annotation is the process of describing the structure and function of the components of a genome, by analyzing and interpreting them in order to extract their biological significance and understand the biological processes in which they participate. among othe... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the java collections framework, the class list represents an ordered collection of objects of type myclass. upper bounds are specified using extends : a list extends myclass > is a list of objects of some subclass of myclass, i. e. any object in the list is guaranteed to be of type myclass, so one can iterate over i... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the field of nonparametric optimization, voronoi manifolds serve as valuable tools for reducing the sample size and selecting promising points. they help identify regions of interest where experiments or evaluations should be focused, leading to efficient optimization algorithms and improved convergence rates. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the reason is that, in any minimum - length partition, every maximal line - segment can be " pushed " until it hits one of the vertices of the boundary, without changing the total length. therefore, there are only o ( n 2 ) { \ displaystyle o ( n ^ { 2 } ) } candidates for a line segment in an optimal partition, and th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
binary logarithms are included in the standard c mathematical functions and other mathematical software packages. the integer part of a binary logarithm can be found using the find first set operation on an integer value, or by looking up the exponent of a floating point value. the fractional part of the logarithm can ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
this objective is a quadratic form in b { \ displaystyle \ mathbf { b } }. taking the gradient of this quadratic form with respect to b { \ displaystyle \ mathbf { b } } and equating it to zero ( when b = Ξ² ^ { \ displaystyle \ mathbf { b } = { \ hat { \ beta } } } ) gives 2 x t Ο β 1 x Ξ² ^ β 2 x t Ο β 1 y = 0 { \ disp... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in robust statistics, robust regression seeks to overcome some limitations of traditional regression analysis. a regression analysis models the relationship between one or more independent variables and a dependent variable. standard types of regression, such as ordinary least squares, have favourable properties if the... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the number of iterations is then decoupled to the number of points ( each point can be considered more than once ). the incremental gradient method can be shown to provide a minimizer to the empirical risk. incremental techniques can be advantageous when considering objective functions made up of a sum of many terms e.... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
there is an additive definition of the psi function as well. quoting from dickson, r. dedekind proved that, if n { \ displaystyle n } is decomposed in every way into a product a b { \ displaystyle ab } and if e { \ displaystyle e } is the g. c. d. of a, b { \ displaystyle a, b } then a ( a / e ) Ο ( e ) = n p | n ( 1 +... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the field of networking, the government secure intranet ( gsi ) puts in place a secure link between central government departments. it is an ip - based virtual private network based on broadband technology introduced in april 1998 and further upgraded in february 2004. among other things, it offers a variety of adva... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
which one ( s ) are appropriate depend on a variety of factors, such as : which assumptions ( if any ) may be made a priori about the distributions from which the data have been sampled? for example, in many situations it may be assumed that the underlying distributions are normal distributions. in other cases the data... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
many scientists such as maxwell, heaviside and hertz unsuccessfully attempted to solve these problems by incorporating either fresnel or stokes'theories into maxwell's new electromagnetic laws. hendrik lorentz spent considerable effort along these lines. after working on this problem for a decade, the issues with stoke... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in order to encrypt or decrypt data, use the standard block cipher mode of operation on all but the last two blocks of data. the following steps describe how to handle the last two blocks of the plaintext, called pnβ1 and pn, where the length of pnβ1 equals the block size of the cipher in bits, b ; the length of the la... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
well before any significant investments are made, the uncertainty is reduced to a level where the risk can be carried comfortably. in this kind of environment the uncertainty level decreases rapidly in the beginning and the cone shape is less obvious. the software business however is very volatile and there is an exter... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, a prime number p is called a chen prime if p + 2 is either a prime or a product of two primes ( also called a semiprime ). the even number 2p + 2 therefore satisfies chen's theorem. the chen primes are named after chen jingrun, who proved in 1966 that there are infinitely many such primes. this result w... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in such a scenario, the second smallest eigenvalue ( Ξ» 2 { \ displaystyle \ lambda _ { 2 } } ) of l { \ displaystyle l }, yields a lower bound on the optimal cost ( c { \ displaystyle c } ) of ratio - cut partition with c β₯ Ξ» 2 n { \ displaystyle c \ geq { \ frac { \ lambda _ { 2 } } { n } } }. the eigenvector ( v 2 { ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the bayesian ( or epistemological ) interpretation, probability measures a " degree of belief ". bayes'theorem links the degree of belief in a proposition before and after accounting for evidence. for example, suppose it is believed with 50 % certainty that a coin is twice as likely to land heads than tails. if the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in policy iteration ( howard 1960 ), step one is performed once, and then step two is performed once, then both are repeated until policy converges. then step one is again performed once and so on. ( policy iteration was invented by howard to optimize sears catalogue mailing, which he had been optimizing using value it... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the type of co - ownership does not affect the right of co - owners to sell their fractional interest in the property to others during their lifetimes, but it does affect their power to will the property upon death to their devisees in the case of joint tenants. however, any joint tenant can change this by severing the... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the united kingdom the data protection act 1998 ( c 29 ) ( information commissioner ) implemented the eu directive on the protection of personal data. it replaced the data protection act 1984 ( c 35 ). the 2016 general data protection regulation supersedes previous protection acts. the data protection act 2018 ( c 1... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
with the definition given, β¨ Ο β ( g ) Ο, Ο ( g ) v β© = β¨ Ο ( g β 1 ) t Ο, Ο ( g ) v β© = ( Ο ( g β 1 ) t Ο ) t Ο ( g ) v = Ο t Ο ( g β 1 ) Ο ( g ) v = Ο t v = β¨ Ο, v β©. { \ displaystyle \ langle { \ rho } ^ { * } ( g ) \ varphi, \ rho ( g ) v \ rangle = \ langle \ rho ( g ^ { - 1 } ) ^ { t } \ varphi, \ rho ( g ) v \ r... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the 1970s through the early 1980s, paper tape was commonly used to transfer binary data for incorporation in either mask - programmable read - only memory ( rom ) chips or their erasable counterparts eproms. a significant variety of encoding formats were developed for use in computer and rom / eprom data transfer. e... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in some cases, random necklaces can be split equally using fewer cuts. mathematicians noga alon, dor elboim, gabor tardos and janos pach studied the typical number of cuts required to split a random necklace between two thieves. in the model they considered, a necklace is chosen uniformly at random from the set of neck... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
{ \ displaystyle ~ { \ frac { a - { \ sqrt { a ^ { 2 } - c } } } { 2 } } ~. } thus x and y are rational if and only if d = a 2 β c { \ displaystyle d = { \ sqrt { a ^ { 2 } - c } } ~ } is a rational number. for explicitly choosing the various signs, one must consider only positive real square roots, and thus assuming c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in some domains, a few dozen different source and target schema ( proprietary data formats ) may exist. an " exchange " or " interchange format " is often developed for a single domain, and then necessary routines ( mappings ) are written to ( indirectly ) transform / translate each and every source schema to each and ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
an important example of normal variance - mean mixtures is the generalised hyperbolic distribution in which the mixing distribution is the generalized inverse gaussian distribution. the probability density function of a normal variance - mean mixture with mixing probability density g { \ displaystyle g } is f ( x ) = 0... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, an uncountable set ( or uncountably infinite set ) is an infinite set that contains too many elements to be countable. the uncountability of a set is closely related to its cardinal number : a set is uncountable if its cardinal number is larger than that of the set of all natural numbers. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, two objects, especially systems of axioms or semantics for them, are called cryptomorphic if they are equivalent but not obviously equivalent. in particular, two definitions or axiomatizations of the same object are " cryptomorphic " if it is not obvious that they define the same object. examples of cry... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.