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advantages of this approach include the general increased quality of the data returned in searches and with proper tagging, ontologies finding entries that may not explicitly state the search term but are still relevant. one disadvantage of this approach is that the results that are returned come in the format of the d... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in telecommunications, multiple access schemes are orthogonal when an ideal receiver can completely reject arbitrarily strong unwanted signals from the desired signal using different basis functions. one such scheme is time - division multiple access ( tdma ), where the orthogonal basis functions are nonoverlapping rec... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
it was later argued that it has strong biological motivations and mathematical justifications. in 2011 it was found to enable better training of deeper networks, compared to the widely used activation functions prior to 2011, e. g., the logistic sigmoid ( which is inspired by probability theory ; see logistic regressio... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in order to understand morphogenetic events, i. e. the growth and shaping of tissues and organs, it is necessary to analyze the packing of cells into tissues. in that context, an analysis of patterning processes can help to identify the underlying mechanisms that drive morphogenesis. = = references = = | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the 1990s, there was a general confusion about the proper character encoding to use to write text in latin croatian on computers. an attempt was made to apply the 7 - bit " yuscii ", later " croscii ", which included the five letters with diacritics at the expense of five non - letter characters (, {, }, @ ), but it... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
previous work includes the work of d. coppersmith about the dlp in fields of characteristic two. the discrete logarithm problem in a finite field consists of solving the equation a x = b { \ displaystyle a ^ { x } = b } for a, b β f p n { \ displaystyle a, b \ in \ mathbb { f } _ { p ^ { n } } }, p { \ displaystyle p }... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in signal processing this process is known as discrete convolution. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in particular, the value of the coefficient of determination will shrink relative to the original data. to lessen the chance or amount of overfitting, several techniques are available ( e. g., model comparison, cross - validation, regularization, early stopping, pruning, bayesian priors, or dropout ). the basis of some... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, a q - matrix is a square matrix whose associated linear complementarity problem lcp ( m, q ) has a solution for every vector q. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
some consider it to be an anti - pattern. there are valid forms of the pattern, including the use of the volatile keyword in java and explicit memory barriers in c + +. the pattern is typically used to reduce locking overhead when implementing " lazy initialization " in a multi - threaded environment, especially as par... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the context of a jump process that takes states in a state space s { \ displaystyle \ mathrm { s } }, consider the set of random variables ( x n, t n ) { \ displaystyle ( x _ { n }, t _ { n } ) }, where t n { \ displaystyle t _ { n } } represents the jump times and x n { \ displaystyle x _ { n } } represents the ass... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the fields of machine learning, the theory of computation, and random matrix theory, a probability distribution over vectors is said to be in isotropic position if its covariance matrix is equal to the identity matrix. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
there are two running instances of each role. in this example, the cache is distributed across all instances of the dedicated cache1 role. a dedicated topology has the advantage of scaling the caching tier independently of any other role in the cloud service. for the best caching performance, a dedicated topology is re... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
however, the values are frequently represented as 1 or 0, which corresponds to counting the number of successes in a single trial : 1 ( success ) or 0 ( failure ) ; see Β§ counting. often, binary data is used to represent one of two conceptually opposed values, e. g. : the outcome of an experiment ( " success " or " fai... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in order to explain column - level encryption it is important to outline basic database structure. a typical relational database is divided into tables that are divided into columns that each have rows of data. whilst tde usually encrypts an entire database, column - level encryption allows for individual columns withi... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
formally, a sequence of numbers s 0, s 1, s 2, s 3, β¦ { \ displaystyle s _ { 0 }, s _ { 1 }, s _ { 2 }, s _ { 3 }, \ ldots } is constant - recursive if it satisfies a recurrence relation where c i { \ displaystyle c _ { i } } are constants. for example, the fibonacci sequence satisfies the recurrence relation f n = f n... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in his formal published treatises, archimedes solved the same problem using the method of exhaustion. the 15th century saw the work of nicholas of cusa, further developed in the 17th century by johannes kepler, in particular, the calculation of the area of a circle by representing the latter as an infinite - sided poly... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in order to evaluate the outcomes of a program, the evaluator first needs to monitor the process in order to assess the implementation of the intervention. the reason for this is that many program failures are due to failures in the implementation of the program. therefore, in order to determine whether or not the plan... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
computer manufacturers who had a significant business in the defense, aerospace, or related industries, also offered ada compilers and tools on their platforms ; these included concurrent computer corporation, cray research, inc., digital equipment corporation, harris computer systems, and siemens nixdorf informationss... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the following examples, computed values are in bold, while register numbers are not. for example, to write the value 3 to register 1, ( which already contains a 6 ), and then add 7 to register 1 and store the result in register 2, i. e. : i0 : r1 = 6 i1 : r1 = 3 i2 : r2 = r1 + 7 = 10 following execution, register 2 ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
by taking the determiner, a function word, to be head over the noun, a structure is established that is analogous to the structure of the finite clause, with a complementizer. apart from the minimalist program, however, the dp hypothesis is rejected by most other modern theories of syntax and grammar, in part because t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, a residuated boolean algebra is a residuated lattice whose lattice structure is that of a boolean algebra. examples include boolean algebras with the monoid taken to be conjunction, the set of all formal languages over a given alphabet Ο under concatenation, the set of all binary relations on a given se... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, a signature matrix is a diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements are plus or minus 1, that is, any matrix of the form : a = ( Β± 1 0 0 0 0 Β± 1 0 0 0 0 Β± 1 0 0 0 0 Β± 1 ) { \ displaystyle a = { \ begin { pmatrix } \ pm 1 & 0 & \ cdots & 0 & 0 \ \ 0 & \ pm 1 & \ cdots & 0 & 0 \ \ \ vdots & \ vdots & \ ddots ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the distinction between data and derived value is illustrated by the information ladder. however, data has staged a comeback with the popularisation of the term big data, which refers to the collection and analyses of massive sets of data. several organisations have established data management centers ( dmc ) for their... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
one start code, one house code, and one function code is known as an x10 frame and represent the minimum components of a valid x10 data packet. each frame is sent twice in succession to make sure the receivers understand it over any power line noise for purposes of redundancy, reliability, and to accommodate line repea... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
we also add a team node for each team and connect each game node { i, j } with i < j to v, and connects each of them from s by an edge with capacity rij β which represents the number of plays between these two teams. we also add a team node for each team and connect each game node { i, j } with two team nodes i and j t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in probability theory, a branch of mathematics poisson - dirichlet distributions are probability distributions on the set of nonnegative, non - decreasing sequences with sum 1, depending on two parameters Ξ± β [ 0, 1 ) { \ displaystyle \ alpha \ in [ 0, 1 ) } and ΞΈ β ( β Ξ±, β ) { \ displaystyle \ theta \ in ( - \ alpha,... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
( why do we have all these abbreviations anyway? saving bandwidth? | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, a kleene algebra ( klay - nee ; named after stephen cole kleene ) is an idempotent ( and thus partially ordered ) semiring endowed with a closure operator. it generalizes the operations known from regular expressions. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
( 1 ) this is a bank. this bank accepted my identification. ( 2 ) she is a bank teller. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
created in 1978, it is still used today for applications involving digital signatures. using number theory, the rsa algorithm selects two prime numbers, which help generate both the encryption and decryption keys. a publicly available public - key encryption application called pretty good privacy ( pgp ) was written in... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in number theory, lucas's theorem expresses the remainder of division of the binomial coefficient ( m n ) { \ displaystyle { \ tbinom { m } { n } } } by a prime number p in terms of the base p expansions of the integers m and n. lucas's theorem first appeared in 1878 in papers by edouard lucas. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the classical setting, rg can be viewed as the following problem. alice, bob, and the referee is given some statement. alice is trying to convince the referee that the statement is true while bob is trying to convince the referee that the statement is false. the referee, who has limited computing power, will look at... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in set theory and order theory, the cantor β bernstein theorem states that the cardinality of the second type class, the class of countable order types, equals the cardinality of the continuum. it was used by felix hausdorff and named by him after georg cantor and felix bernstein. cantor constructed a family of countab... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in partition calculus, part of combinatorial set theory, a branch of mathematics, the erdos β rado theorem is a basic result extending ramsey's theorem to uncountable sets. it is named after paul erdos and richard rado. it is sometimes also attributed to Δuro kurepa who proved it under the additional assumption of the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
one picks a set ΞΉ to be the type of individuals. for example, ΞΉ might be the set of natural numbers, or the set of atoms ( in a set theory with atoms ) or any other set one is interested in. then if Ο1,..., Οm are types, the type ( Ο1,..., Οm ) is the power set of the product Ο1Γ... ΓΟm, which can also be thought of in... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in summary, each perspective focuses attention on the same fundamental questions, then answers those questions from that viewpoint, creating different descriptive representations ( i. e., models ), which translate from higher to lower perspectives. the basic model for the focus ( or product abstraction ) remains consta... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
stack overflow may be difficult to avoid when using recursive procedures since many compilers assume that the recursion stack is a contiguous area of memory, and some allocate a fixed amount of space for it. compilers may also save more information in the recursion stack than is strictly necessary, such as return addre... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in telecommunications, a block check character ( bcc ) is a character added to a transmission block to facilitate error detection. in longitudinal redundancy checking and cyclic redundancy checking, block check characters are computed for, and added to, each message block transmitted. this block check character is comp... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the above uml class diagram, the client class refers to the common abstractexpression interface for interpreting an expression interpret ( context ). the terminalexpression class has no children and interprets an expression directly. the nonterminalexpression class maintains a container of child expressions ( expres... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
however, if all voter factions have the same proportion of strategic and honest voters, simulations show that any significant proportion of honest voters will lead to results which tend to be more satisfying to voters than approval voting, and indeed, more satisfying than any other method with the same unbiased proport... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in reverse accumulation ad, the dependent variable to be differentiated is fixed and the derivative is computed with respect to each sub - expression recursively. in a pen - and - paper calculation, the derivative of the outer functions is repeatedly substituted in the chain rule : in reverse accumulation, the quantity... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
see linearization Β§ transformation, below, for more details. in general, there is no closed - form expression for the best - fitting parameters, as there is in linear regression. usually numerical optimization algorithms are applied to determine the best - fitting parameters. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
eliminating the systematic error improves accuracy but does not change precision. a measurement system is considered valid if it is both accurate and precise. related terms include bias ( non - random or directed effects caused by a factor or factors unrelated to the independent variable ) and error ( random variabilit... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for instance, two - dimensional convex hulls can be computed using predicates that test the sign of quadratic polynomials, and therefore may require twice as many bits of precision within these calculations as the input numbers. when integer arithmetic cannot be used ( for instance, when the result of a calculation is ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in pseudocode, the pairwise summation algorithm for an array x of length n β₯ 0 can be written : s = pairwise ( x ) if n β€ n base case : naive summation for a sufficiently small array s = 0 for i = 1 to n s = s + x else divide and conquer : recursively sum two halves of the array m = floor ( n / 2 ) s = pairwise ( x ) +... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
if all weights are integers, then the run - time can be improved to o ( m n + n 2 log log n ) { \ displaystyle o ( mn + n ^ { 2 } \ log \ log n ) }, but the resulting algorithm is only weakly - polynomial. if the weights are integers, and all weights are at most c ( where c > 1 is some integer ), then the problem can b... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
if we compute the cross products, we have m = | e x e y e z x a β x 0 0 0 β f 0 | + | e x e y e z β x 0 0 0 r 0 0 | = f ( x β x a ) e z β r 0 x e z = β f x a l ( l β x ) e z. { \ displaystyle \ mathbf { m } = \ left | { \ begin { matrix } \ mathbf { e } _ { x } & \ mathbf { e } _ { y } & \ mathbf { e } _ { z } \ \ x _ ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
this combinator may be used in implementing curry's paradox. the heart of curry's paradox is that untyped lambda calculus is unsound as a deductive system, and the y combinator demonstrates this by allowing an anonymous expression to represent zero, or even many values. this is inconsistent in mathematical logic. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in number theory, lemoine's conjecture, named after emile lemoine, also known as levy's conjecture, after hyman levy, states that all odd integers greater than 5 can be represented as the sum of an odd prime number and an even semiprime. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the ims it is possible for a user to have multiple terminals ( e. g. a mobile phone, a computer ) or application instances ( e. g. video telephony, instant messaging, voice mail ) that are identified with the same public identity ( i. e. sip uri ). therefore, a mechanism is needed in order to route requests to the d... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
if this presupposition is satisfied, { \ displaystyle \ sim } passes along its overt argument's ordinary denotation while " resetting " its focus denotation. in other words, when the presupposition is satisfied, ] o = ] o { \ displaystyle \! ] _ { o } = \! ] _ { o } } and ] f = { ] o } { \ displaystyle \! ] _ { f } = \... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, a topological group g is called a discrete group if there is no limit point in it ( i. e., for each element in g, there is a neighborhood which only contains that element ). equivalently, the group g is discrete if and only if its identity is isolated. a subgroup h of a topological group g is a discrete... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in set theory, an extender is a system of ultrafilters which represents an elementary embedding witnessing large cardinal properties. a nonprincipal ultrafilter is the most basic case of an extender. a ( ΞΊ, Ξ» ) - extender can be defined as an elementary embedding of some model m { \ displaystyle m } of zfcβ ( zfc minus... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the alternative hypothesis corresponds to the position against the defendant. specifically, the null hypothesis also involves the absence of a difference or the absence of an association. thus, the null hypothesis can never be that there is a difference or an association. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in a paper published in 1982, benioff further developed his original model of quantum mechanical turing machines. this work put quantum computers on a solid theoretical foundation. richard feynman then produced a universal quantum simulator. building on the work of benioff and feynman, deutsch proposed that quantum mec... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the algorithm was first published in 1944 by kenneth levenberg, while working at the frankford army arsenal. it was rediscovered in 1963 by donald marquardt, who worked as a statistician at dupont, and independently by girard, wynne and morrison. the lma is used in many software applications for solving generic curve -... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
proving that such a system is thermodynamically stable is called the stability of matter problem and it is very difficult due to the long range of the coulomb potential. stability should be a consequence of screening effects, but those are hard to quantify. let us denote by h n, k = β i = 1 n Ξ΄ x i 2 β k = 1 k Ξ΄ r k 2 ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
rp is defined for sets s1 and s2 of cardinal number n and s3 of cardinal number n - 1 as : rp ( s1, s2 ) iff ( s3 β s1, s3 β s2 ) meaning that s1 and s2 each have all the pitch - classes of s3 ( transposed or inverted ), plus one. he pc similarity relation rp is not especially significant when taken alone, since by tha... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mobile telephony a bearer service is a link between two points, which is defined by a certain set of characteristics. whenever user equipment ( ue ) is being provided with any service ( cs / ps service ), the service has to be associated with a radio bearer specifying the configuration for layer 2 and physical layer... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in software development, test effort refers to the expenses for ( still to come ) tests. there is a relation with test costs and failure costs ( direct, indirect, costs for fault correction ). some factors which influence test effort are : maturity of the software development process, quality and testability of the tes... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
some functional elements, described using a software language, may actually be implemented as hardware ( fpga, asic ) hardware views β describes the hardware engineering aspects of the system, hardware design, selection and implementation of all of the physical components to be assembled into the system. there may be m... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in present - day vocabulary, the term cast steel is almost always used in its sense referring to steel castings. between the late 19th and mid 20th centuries, this was not always true, which is worth understanding if one is reading historical documents ; see cast steel for details. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the following, label is an optional identifier terminated by a colon, and block is a sequence of one of more perl statements surrounded by braces. all looping constructs except for the c - style for - loop can have a continue block that is executed after each iteration of the loop body, before the loop condition is ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in multilinear algebra, the tensor rank decomposition or the r a n k β r { \ displaystyle rank - r } decomposition of a tensor is the decomposition of a tensor in terms of a sum of minimum r { \ displaystyle r } r a n k β 1 { \ displaystyle rank - 1 } tensors. this is an open problem. canonical polyadic decomposition (... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in papers published since 2008, asjp has employed a similarity judgment program based on levenshtein distance ( ld ). this approach was found to produce better classificatory results measured against expert opinion than the method used initially. ld is defined as the minimum number of successive changes necessary to co... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
that is, a node is given a high hub score by linking to nodes that are considered to be authorities on the subject. the hub score and authority score for a node is calculated with the following algorithm : start with each node having a hub score and authority score of 1. run the authority update rule run the hub update... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
two octads intersect ( have 1's in common ) in 0, 2, or 4 coordinates in the binary vector representation ( these are the possible intersection sizes in the subset representation ). an octad and a dodecad intersect at 2, 4, or 6 coordinates. up to relabeling coordinates, w is unique. the binary golay code, g23 is a per... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematical morphology, a structuring element is a shape, used to probe or interact with a given image, with the purpose of drawing conclusions on how this shape fits or misses the shapes in the image. it is typically used in morphological operations, such as dilation, erosion, opening, and closing, as well as the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
since we continue to use a g - 1 coding scheme, it is in fact the β1 coded group that will not produce data, hence the fact that we are least interested in that group. a code of 0 is assigned to all other groups. the b values should be interpreted such that the experimental group is being compared against the mean of a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in number theory, a prime triplet is a set of three prime numbers in which the smallest and largest of the three differ by 6. in particular, the sets must have the form ( p, p + 2, p + 6 ) or ( p, p + 4, p + 6 ). with the exceptions of ( 2, 3, 5 ) and ( 3, 5, 7 ), this is the closest possible grouping of three prime nu... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, a ( b, n ) pair is a structure on groups of lie type that allows one to give uniform proofs of many results, instead of giving a large number of case - by - case proofs. roughly speaking, it shows that all such groups are similar to the general linear group over a field. they were introduced by the math... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in networks with unit capacities, a much stronger time bound holds. each blocking flow can be found in o ( e ) { \ displaystyle o ( e ) } time, and it can be shown that the number of phases does not exceed o ( e ) { \ displaystyle o ( { \ sqrt { e } } ) } and o ( v 2 / 3 ) { \ displaystyle o ( v ^ { 2 / 3 } ) }. thus t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in spite of the negative theoretical results on the joint spectral radius computability, methods have been proposed that perform well in practice. algorithms are even known, which can reach an arbitrary accuracy in an a priori computable amount of time. these algorithms can be seen as trying to approximate the unit bal... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, any vector space v { \ displaystyle v } has a corresponding dual vector space ( or just dual space for short ) consisting of all linear forms on v, { \ displaystyle v, } together with the vector space structure of pointwise addition and scalar multiplication by constants. the dual space as defined above... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
if two dice are thrown and their values added, the resulting distribution is no longer uniform because not all sums have equal probability. although it is convenient to describe discrete uniform distributions over integers, such as this, one can also consider discrete uniform distributions over any finite set. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
another example is lay, which may be the past tense of lie, but is also an independent verb ( regular in pronunciation, but with irregular spelling : lay β laid β laid ). in fact the past tense verb lay derives from a causative of the verb from which lie derives. the two verbs are sometimes confused, with lay used in t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
only o ( n l o g ( n ) ) { \ displaystyle o ( nlog ( n ) ) } operations are needed to detect edges, where n { \ displaystyle n } is the number of pixels. during the following years, other problems have been considered : classification, segmentation, inpainting and super - resolution. this approach can be applied to gra... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
however, context - free rules cannot express agreement or reference ( anaphora ), where two different parts of the sentence must agree with each other in some way. these can be readily expressed in w - grammars. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
a system or application will hit a bottleneck if the work arrives at a comparatively faster pace relative to other processing components. according to the theory of constraints, improving on the occurrences of hot - spot point of the bottleneck constraint improves the overall processing speed of the software. a thought... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics and computer programming, exponentiating by squaring is a general method for fast computation of large positive integer powers of a number, or more generally of an element of a semigroup, like a polynomial or a square matrix. some variants are commonly referred to as square - and - multiply algorithms or... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
reidl " in 1998 extends and proposes a new way to taxonomize information visualization techniques by using the data state model. many of the techniques share similar operating steps that can easily be reused. the data state model not only helps researchers understand the space of design, but also helps implementers und... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the case of neighborhood interchangeable algorithm, if we assign the worst case bound to each loop. then for n variables, which have at most d values for a variable, then we have a bound of : o ( n d ( n β l ) β d ) = o ( n 2 d 2 ) { \ displaystyle o ( nd ( n - l ) * d ) = o ( n ^ { 2 } d ^ { 2 } ) }. similarly, the... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
to oversimplify, the fundamental lemma of the project posits a direct connection between the generalized fundamental representation of a finite field with its group extension to the automorphic forms under which it is invariant. this is accomplished through abstraction to higher dimensional integration, by an equivalen... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the bin packing problem, there are n items with different sizes. the goal is to pack the items into a minimum number of bins, where each bin can contain at most b. a feasible configuration is a set of sizes with a sum of at most b. example : suppose the item sizes are 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, and b = 12. then t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, rings are algebraic structures that generalize fields : multiplication need not be commutative and multiplicative inverses need not exist. in other words, a ring is a set equipped with two binary operations satisfying properties analogous to those of addition and multiplication of integers. ring element... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in sorting n objects, merge sort has an average and worst - case performance of o ( n log n ). if the running time of merge sort for a list of length n is t ( n ), then the recurrence relation t ( n ) = 2t ( n / 2 ) + n follows from the definition of the algorithm ( apply the algorithm to two lists of half the size of ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, minkowski's theorem is the statement that every convex set in r n { \ displaystyle \ mathbb { r } ^ { n } } which is symmetric with respect to the origin and which has volume greater than 2 n { \ displaystyle 2 ^ { n } } contains a non - zero integer point ( meaning a point in z n { \ displaystyle \ mat... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
operators had to maintain a steady rhythm, and the usual speed of operation was 30 words per minute. the table " shows the allocation of the baudot code which was employed in the british post office for continental and inland services. a number of characters in the continental code are replaced by fractionals in the in... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the intent is to create standardized rules to maintain data integrity and enforce business rules throughout one or more related applications. some industries use generalized data dictionaries as technical standards to ensure interoperability between systems. the real estate industry, for example, abides by a reso's dat... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
a different fairness notion, that can be guaranteed to more than 1 / 2 of the agents in each group, is the ordinal maximin - share approximation. for every integer c, there exists a ( 1 β 1 / 2 c β 1 ) { \ displaystyle ( 1 - 1 / 2 ^ { c - 1 } ) } - democratic 1 - out - of - c mms - fair allocation. these allocations ca... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in more concrete terms, the uniform word problem can be expressed as a rewriting question, for literal strings. for a presentation p of a group g, p will specify a certain number of generators x, y, z,... for g. we need to introduce one letter for x and another ( for convenience ) for the group element represented by x... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
for example, a demand - side policy component may include placing public transit stops near development, in order to maximize walkability. additionally, california state law requires minimum energy conservation levels for all new and / or existing development projects. the seller of a home is required to include inform... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in quantum computing, classical shadow is a protocol for predicting functions of a quantum state using only a logarithmic number of measurements. given an unknown state Ο { \ displaystyle \ rho }, a tomographically complete set of gates u { \ displaystyle u } ( e. g clifford gates ), a set of m { \ displaystyle m } obs... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the first version of the aks primality test paper, a conjecture about sophie germain primes is used to lower the worst - case complexity from o ( log12n ) to o ( log6n ). a later version of the paper is shown to have time complexity o ( log7. 5n ) which can also be lowered to o ( log6n ) using the conjecture. later ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in quantum mechanics, and especially quantum information and the study of open quantum systems, the trace distance t is a metric on the space of density matrices and gives a measure of the distinguishability between two states. it is the quantum generalization of the kolmogorov distance for classical probability distri... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
the finnish pig latin is called kontinkieli ( " container language " ). after each word you add the word kontti " container ", then switch the first syllables, so every sentence is converted to twice as many pseudo - words. for example, " wikipedia " " wikipedia kontti " " kokipedia wintti ". | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in mathematics, the multiplicity of a member of a multiset is the number of times it appears in the multiset. for example, the number of times a given polynomial has a root at a given point is the multiplicity of that root. the notion of multiplicity is important to be able to count correctly without specifying excepti... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
percentile scores and percentile ranks are often used in the reporting of test scores from norm - referenced tests, but, as just noted, they are not the same. for percentile ranks, a score is given and a percentage is computed. percentile ranks are exclusive : if the percentile rank for a specified score is 90 %, then ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
in the 1990s, many of the notable early successes on statistical methods in natural - language programming ( nlp ) occurred in the field of machine translation, due especially to work at ibm research. these systems were able to take advantage of existing multilingual textual corpora that had been produced by the parlia... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
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