text stringlengths 11 1.65k | source stringlengths 38 44 |
|---|---|
Jean Antoine Dours (22 March 1824 in Bagnères de Bigorre – 29 July 1874 in Amiens) was a French entomologist specialising in Hymenoptera. Excepting the material he acquired from Joseph-Étienne Giraud which was returned to that entomologist, Dours collection was burned in a fire in the U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12291448 |
Johann Friedrich Jaennicke (7 January 1831 in Frankfurt a. M. – 1 April 1907 in Mainz) was a German "Regierungsrat" and entomologist mainly interested in Diptera. Jaennicke's collection is in Senckenberg Museum | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12292243 |
Hampson–Linde cycle The is a process for the liquefaction of gases, especially for air separation. William Hampson and Carl von Linde independently filed for patents of the cycle in 1895: Hampson on 23 May 1895 and Linde on 5 June 1895. The introduced regenerative cooling, a positive-feedback cooling system. The heat e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12295288 |
F number (chemistry) F number is a correlation number used in the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a descriptor of their hydrophobicity and molecular size. It was proposed by Robert Hurtubise and co-workers in 1977. The F number is calculated using the formula: where: For fluorene, there are 6 app... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12295512 |
Evolutionary history of life The evolutionary history of life on Earth traces the processes by which living and fossil organisms evolved, from the earliest emergence of life to the present. Earth formed about 4.5 billion years (Ga) ago and evidence suggests life emerged prior to 3.7 Ga. (Although there is some evidence... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Microbial mats of coexisting bacteria and archaea were the dominant form of life in the early Archean Epoch and many of the major steps in early evolution are thought to have taken place in this environment. The evolution of photosynthesis, around 3.5 Ga, eventually led to a buildup of its ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The earliest complex land plants date back to around 850 Ma, from carbon isotopes in Precambrian rocks, while algae-like multicellular land plants are dated back even to about 1 billion years ago, although evidence suggests that microorganisms formed the earliest terrestrial ecosystems, at ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life After the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event killed off the non-avian dinosaurs, mammals increased rapidly in size and diversity. Such mass extinctions may have accelerated evolution by providing opportunities for new groups of organisms to diversify. The oldest meteorite fragments found... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life 8 Ga it suffered a Late Heavy Bombardment by debris that was left over from the formation of the Solar System, and the Earth should have experienced an even heavier bombardment due to its stronger gravity. While there is no direct evidence of conditions on Earth 4 to 3.8 Ga, there is no rea... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Geochemical signatures from rocks deposited 3.4 Ga have been interpreted as evidence for life, although these statements have not been thoroughly examined by critics. Evidence for fossilized microorganisms considered to be 3.77 billion to 4.28 billion years old was found in the Nuvvuagittuq... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Water is an excellent solvent and has two other useful properties: the fact that ice floats enables aquatic organisms to survive beneath it in winter; and its molecules have electrically negative and positive ends, which enables it to form a wider range of compounds than other solvents can.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life These ribozymes could have formed an RNA world in which there were individuals but no species, as mutations and horizontal gene transfers would have meant that the offspring in each generation were quite likely to have different genomes from those that their parents started with. RNA would ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Most of the steps required temperatures of about and moderate pressures, although one stage required and a pressure equivalent to that found under of rock. Hence it was suggested that self-sustaining synthesis of proteins could have occurred near hydrothermal vents. It has been suggested th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Research in 2003 reported that montmorillonite could also accelerate the conversion of fatty acids into "bubbles," and that the "bubbles" could encapsulate RNA attached to the clay. These "bubbles" can then grow by absorbing additional lipids and then divide. The formation of the earliest c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Experiments in low Earth orbit, such as EXOSTACK, demonstrated that some microorganism spores can survive the shock of being catapulted into space and some can survive exposure to outer space radiation for at least 5.7 years. Scientists are divided over the likelihood of life arising indepe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life It is estimated that the appearance of oxygenic photosynthesis by bacteria in mats increased biological productivity by a factor of between 100 and 1,000. The reducing agent used by oxygenic photosynthesis is water, which is much more plentiful than the geologically produced reducing agents... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Hence they are the most self-sufficient of the mat organisms and were well-adapted to strike out on their own both as floating mats and as the first of the phytoplankton, providing the basis of most marine food chains. Eukaryotes may have been present long before the oxygenation of the atmo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life There is a debate about when eukaryotes first appeared: the presence of steranes in Australian shales may indicate that eukaryotes were present 2.7 Ga; however, an analysis in 2008 concluded that these chemicals infiltrated the rocks less than 2.2 Ga and prove nothing about the origins of e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Bacteria also exchange DNA by bacterial conjugation, the benefits of which include resistance to antibiotics and other toxins, and the ability to utilize new metabolites. However, conjugation is not a means of reproduction, and is not limited to members of the same species – there are cases... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life How sexual reproduction evolved and survived is an unsolved puzzle. The Red Queen hypothesis suggests that sexual reproduction provides protection against parasites, because it is easier for parasites to evolve means of overcoming the defenses of genetically identical clones than those of s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life If so, sexual recombination of genes will reduce the harm that bad mutations do to offspring and at the same time eliminate some bad mutations from the gene pool by isolating them in individuals that perish quickly because they have an above-average number of bad mutations. However, the evi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The adaptive function of sex today remains a major unresolved issue in biology. The competing models to explain the adaptive function of sex were reviewed by John A. Birdsell and Christopher Wills. The hypotheses discussed above all depend on the possible beneficial effects of random geneti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life " The initial advantages of multicellularity may have included: more efficient sharing of nutrients that are digested outside the cell, increased resistance to predators, many of which attacked by engulfing; the ability to resist currents by attaching to a firm surface; the ability to reach... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The only respect in which eukaryotes clearly surpass bacteria and archaea is their capacity for variety of forms, and sexual reproduction enabled eukaryotes to exploit that advantage by producing organisms with multiple cells that differed in form and function. By comparing the composition ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The "string of beads" organism "Horodyskia", found in rocks dated from 1.5 Ga to 900 Ma, may have been an early metazoan; however, it has also been interpreted as a colonial foraminiferan. Animals are multicellular eukaryotes, and are distinguished from plants, algae, and fungi by lacking c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The Ediacara biota, which flourished for the last 40 million years before the start of the Cambrian, were the first animals more than a very few centimetres long. Many were flat and had a "quilted" appearance, and seemed so strange that there was a proposal to classify them as a separate ki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life In the 1970s there was already a debate about whether the emergence of the modern phyla was "explosive" or gradual but hidden by the shortage of Precambrian animal fossils. A re-analysis of fossils from the Burgess Shale lagerstätte increased interest in the issue when it revealed animals, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Many echinoderms have hard calcite "shells," which are fairly common from the Early Cambrian small shelly fauna onwards. Other deuterostome groups are soft-bodied, and most of the significant Cambrian deuterostome fossils come from the Chengjiang fauna, a lagerstätte in China. The chordates... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life 48-billion-year-old geyserite and other related mineral deposits (often found around hot springs and geysers) uncovered in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia. In July 2018, scientists reported that the earliest life on land may have been bacteria living on land 3.22 billion years ago. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life A few of these appeared more recently, in last 200–50 Ma, in fruits and flowers of angiosperm plants. In fact, angiosperms (the dominant type of plant today) and most of their antioxidant pigments evolved during the Late Jurassic period. Plants employ antioxidants to defend their structures... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Films of cyanobacteria, which are not plants but use the same photosynthesis mechanisms, have been found in modern deserts, and only in areas that are unsuitable for vascular plants. This suggests that microbial mats may have been the first organisms to colonize dry land, possibly in the Pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Spores of land plants, possibly rather like liverworts, have been found in Middle Ordovician rocks dated to about . In Middle Silurian rocks , there are fossils of actual plants including clubmosses such as "Baragwanathia"; most were under high, and some appear closely related to vascular p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Other trace fossils from the Late Ordovician a little over probably represent land invertebrates, and there is clear evidence of numerous arthropods on coasts and alluvial plains shortly before the Silurian-Devonian boundary, about , including signs that some arthropods ate plants. Arthropo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Tetrapods, vertebrates with four limbs, evolved from other rhipidistian fish over a relatively short timespan during the Late Devonian (). The early groups are grouped together as Labyrinthodontia. They retained aquatic, fry-like tadpoles, a system still seen in modern amphibians. Iodine an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life However, in 1987, nearly complete fossils of "Acanthostega" from about showed that this Late Devonian transitional animal had legs and both lungs and gills, but could never have survived on land: its limbs and its wrist and ankle joints were too weak to bear its weight; its ribs were too sh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The Devonian proliferation of land plants may help to explain why air breathing would have been an advantage: leaves falling into streams and rivers would have encouraged the growth of aquatic vegetation; this would have attracted grazing invertebrates and small fish that preyed on them; th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The synapsid pelycosaurs and their descendants the therapsids are the most common land vertebrates in the best-known Permian () fossil beds. However, at the time these were all in temperate zones at middle latitudes, and there is evidence that hotter, drier environments nearer the Equator w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life This ecological role may have promoted the evolution of mammals, for example nocturnal life may have accelerated the development of endothermy ("warm-bloodedness") and hair or fur. By in the Early Jurassic there were animals that were very like today's mammals in a number of respects. Unfor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life However, paleontologists have not succeeded in identifying the earliest stages in the evolution of flowering plants. The social insects are remarkable because the great majority of individuals in each colony are sterile. This appears contrary to basic concepts of evolution such as natural s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Instead, they write, eusociality evolves only in species that are under strong pressure from predators and competitors, but in environments where it is possible to build "fortresses"; after colonies have established this security, they gain other advantages through co-operative foraging. In... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life The earliest hominines had chimpanzee-sized brains, but there has been a fourfold increase in the last 3 Ma; a statistical analysis suggests that hominine brain sizes depend almost completely on the date of the fossils, while the species to which they are assigned has only slight influence.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Evolutionary history of life Both of these phenomena could be explained in one or more ways: Biodiversity in the fossil record, which is "...the number of distinct genera alive at any given time; that is, those whose first occurrence predates and whose last occurrence postdates that time" shows a different trend: a fai... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12305127 |
Bulliform cell Bulliform cells or motor cells are large, bubble-shaped epidermal cells that occur in groups on the upper surface of the leaves of many monocots. These cells are present on the adaxial or the upper surface of the leaf. They are generally present near the midvein portion of the leaf and are shown to be la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12318264 |
Bulliform cell The activity of bulliform cells can be explained as: During drought, the loss of water through vacuoles induces the reduced bulliform cells to allow the leaves of many grass species to close as the two edges of the grass blade fold up toward each other. Once enough water is available, these cells enlarge... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12318264 |
List of Labes on Mars Labes (plural: "labes") is a Latin word used by exogeologists to refer to chaotic regions, featuring ridges and steep valleys, in the Valles Marineris region of Mars. Labes are named after the nearest classical albedo feature. This is a list of all named labes. Coordinates are given as planetocent... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12324707 |
Charles Georges Javet (1802 in Winterthur, Kanton Zürich – 25 May 1882 in Passy, Paris) was a Swiss-born French insect dealer and entomologist. He specialised in Coleoptera. Javet was a very active member of the Société entomologique de France or Entomological Society of France. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12325862 |
Hercules Cluster The (Abell 2151) is a cluster of about 200 galaxies some 500 million light-years distant in the constellation Hercules. It is rich in spiral galaxies and shows many interacting galaxies. The cluster is part of the larger Hercules Supercluster, which is itself part of the much larger Great Wall super-st... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12326315 |
Fast track (FDA) Fast track is a designation by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of an investigational drug for expedited review to facilitate development of drugs which treat a serious or life-threatening condition and fill an unmet medical need. Fast Track designation must be requested by the drug... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12326459 |
Fast track (FDA) The type of information necessary to demonstrate unmet medical need varies with the stage of drug development: early in development, nonclinical data, mechanistic rationale, or pharmacologic data will suffice; later in development, clinical data should be utilized. If there are existing therapies, a fa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12326459 |
FDA Special Protocol Assessment A Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) is an advanced declaration from the Food and Drug Administration that an uncompleted Phase III trial's design, clinical endpoints, and statistical analyses are acceptable for FDA approval. The purpose of a SPA is to allow a company to run or initiate a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12327567 |
Romulus (comics) Romulus is a fictional comic book supervillain appearing in books published by Marvel Comics, in particular those featuring Wolverine. He is the leader of the Lupines, a species resembling humans that he claims evolved from canines instead of primates through convergent evolution. A shadowy character w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Romulus (comics) Nick Fury revealed to Wolverine that Romulus has been manipulating people from his family's bloodline for centuries, and that he plans for Daken to become the next-generation Weapon X. This was achieved through Tinkerer who bonded the metal from the Muramasa blade to Daken's inner claws. Daken hinted h... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Romulus (comics) However, Wolverine fights back and gains the upper hand and slashes at Romulus' hand, shattering what turned out to be a clawed gauntlet. Seeing that Romulus' claws are fake, Wolverine taunts him saying, "You're not what I'm gonna become... I'm what you've always wanted to be". Hearing this, Romulus bl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Romulus (comics) For a second Wolverine thinks he should behead Romulus, just like he did with Creed, but in the end he decides to leave him stranded in the Dark Force dimension. However, thanks to Sabretooth's blackmailing life of Dagger, Romulus gets free from his prison. After a losing fight against Romulus, a myste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Romulus (comics) Wolverine breaks open the tank and savagely assaults Romulus with his claws. He gouges away much of the right side of Romulus' face, revealing that the bones beneath have been bonded with adamantium. As Romulus heals, Wolverine asks what the purpose is of becoming an imitation of him. Romulus declares ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Romulus (comics) The full limits of this power aren't known, but he has healed wounds that ripped away the flesh from the right side of his face, exposing the bone, within a matter of seconds. Romulus' healing factor also grants him virtual immunity to known diseases and renders him highly resistant to most forms of dr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Romulus (comics) His healing factor grants him partial immunity to the fatigue toxins generated by his muscles during physical activity, so he has much greater stamina and endurance than an ordinary human. He can exert himself physically for at least several hours before the buildup of fatigue toxins in his blood begin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Romulus (comics) The font used for his words is unique, having a more ancient appearance than those of other characters. Although he often appears naked, he has been shown to wear clothes on several occasions, possibly making use of the fact that only a few living people can recognize him. Romulus has been seen wearing... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12330887 |
Maximum parcel level The maximum parcel level (MPL) is the highest level in the atmosphere that a moist convectively rising air parcel will reach after ascending from the level of free convection (LFC) through the free convective layer (FCL) and reaching the equilibrium level (EL), near the tropopause. As the parcel ri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12341831 |
Fernandino Maria Piccioli Ferdinando Maria Piccioli (26 July 1821 – 14 February 1900) was an Italian entomologist. He specialised in Hymenoptera and Coleoptera. Born at San Felice, Piccioli was an “Assistant” at the Stazione di Entomologia Agraria in Florence. He was a member of the founding committee of La Società Ent... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12342890 |
Anderson orthogonality theorem The is a theorem in physics by the physicist P. W. Anderson. It relates to the introduction of a magnetic impurity in a metal. When a magnetic impurity is introduced into a metal, the conduction electrons will tend to screen the potential formula_1 that the impurity creates. The N-electro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12342942 |
Photoionisation cross section in the context of condensed matter physics refers to the probability of a particle (usually an electron) being emitted from its electronic state. The photoemission is a useful experimental method for the determination and the study of the electronic states. Sometimes the small amount of de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12356622 |
Ni Wei-tou (; born 1944 in Zhenhai, Ningbo, Zhejiang) is a Taiwanese physicist, who graduated from the Department of Physics of National Taiwan University (NTU), and got his PhD of Physics & Mathematics from California Institute of Technology. After his retirement on 1 October 2000, he is now appointed as a professor e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12369205 |
Harry Frauca (born 14 October 1928) was an Australian naturalist, writer and photographer. Of Catalan origin, he moved to Australia in the 1950s and became an Australian citizen. From 1960 he became a full-time writer and photographer on natural history. From 1970 he collected insects for the Australian National Insect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12374722 |
Leonidas Resvanis Leonidas "Leo" K. Resvanis (; 1944 in Athens, Greece) is a physicist known for his work with neutrinos. He was a Professor of Physics at the University of Athens from 1976 until he retired and became Emeritus Professor in 2011. He served as the director of the Nestor Project. He is also the person who... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12393209 |
Leopold Anton Kirchner (? - 29 December 1879 Kaplice, Bohemia), sometimes Kirschnerm, was an Austrian physician and entomologist. Kirschner’s medical practice was in Kaplice. He specialised in Hymenoptera (sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants) and Diptera (flies). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12399983 |
Multiplet A "multiplet" is terminology, often used in physics, for the representation of a mathematical structure, usually an irreducible representation of a Lie group acting as linear operators on a real or complex vector space. In quantum physics, the mathematical notion is usually applied to representations of the g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12416124 |
Multiplet A spin singlet is a trivial representation, a spin doublet is a fundamental representation and a spin triplet is a vector representation. In QCD, quarks are in a multiplet of SU(3). In seismology, multiplet refers to a repeating earthquake, occurring in nearly the same location, with nearly the same source ch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12416124 |
Metabolite pool is a collective term for all of the substances involved in the metabolic process in a biological system. Metabolic pools are within cells (or organelles such as chloroplasts) and refer to the reservoir of molecules upon which enzymes can operate. The size of the reservoir is referred to as its "metaboli... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12416395 |
Gustav Mayr Gustav L. Mayr (12 October 1830 in Vienna – 14 July 1908 in Vienna) was an Austrian entomologist and professor in Budapest and Vienna. He specialised in Hymenoptera, being particularly known for his studies of Formicidae. In 1868, he was the first to describe the Argentine ant. He is credited with naming th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12417817 |
Carl von Heyden Carl Heinrich Georg(es) von Heyden (20 January 1793 Frankfurt – 7 July 1866) was a German senator and entomologist. He collected insects in all orders but was especially interested in Coleoptera, Microlepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera and fossil insects. His collections are divided between the German En... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12419087 |
Waldemar Fuchs (died 27 January 1876 in Nepal) was a German entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. His collection is in La Specola in Florence. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12419622 |
Wilhelm Mink (1807, Krefeld – 1883) was a German entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera and Hymenoptera . He was a teacher in Krefeld. His collection is in the Städt. Museum Annaberg-Buchholz in Saxony. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12420471 |
Hermann Rudolph Schaum (29 April 1819 in Glauchau (formerly Glachau) – 15 September 1865 in Bonn) was a professor in Berlin and an entomologist. He specialised in Coleoptera. Up until 1847, he worked as a general practitioner in Stettin, afterwards traveling to England, North America and Egypt, where he accumulated an ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12420622 |
Plant ontology (PO) is a collection of ontologies developed by the Plant Ontology Consortium. These ontologies describe anatomical structures and growth and developmental stages across Viridiplantae. The PO is intended for multiple applications, including genetics, genomics, phenomics, and development, taxonomy and sys... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12424857 |
Sven Magnus Aurivillius was a Swedish zoologist born 12 August 1892 in Stockholm and died 4 March 1928 in . He was the director of the centre for marine zoology in Kristineberg in 1923 but left prematurely, just before the publishing of his thesis on Japanese sea fans. He was the eighth generation of his family to be a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12428391 |
Magnetic impurity A magnetic impurity is an impurity in a host metal that has a magnetic moment. The magnetic impurity can then interact with the conduction electrons of the metal, leading to interesting physics such as the Kondo effect, and heavy fermion behaviour. Some examples of magnetic impurities that metals can ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12430286 |
Hermann Reinhard (15 November 1816, Dresden – 10 January 1892) was a German physician and entomologist. He specialised in Hymenoptera (bees and their relatives). Reinhard’s medical practice was in Bautzen. In 1881 he worked with Eduard von Hofmann on the insects of exhumed bodies making him one of the founders of foren... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12439476 |
Olav Vadstein (born 14 February 1955) is a Norwegian professor of Microbial Ecology at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. According to his web page, Vadstein is interested in aquatic ecosystems "both natural and un-natural (human created). Besides basic aspects, I’m interested in applied microbial ecol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12449713 |
Johann Angelo Ferrari (1806-18 May 1876, Vienna was an Austrian entomologist born in Italy who specialised in Coleoptera especially Scolytidae He is not to be confused with Pietro Mansueto Ferrari also an entomologist. He wrote "Die Forst- und Baumzuchtschädlichen Borkenkäfer (Tomicides Lac.) aus der Familie der Holzve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12461038 |
Ordoñezite or ordóñezite is a rare tetragonal zinc antimonate mineral with chemical formula: ZnSbO. Ordóñezite was first discovered and documented by Ezequiel Ordóñez (1867-1950), a Mexican geologist, formerly director of the Geological Institute of Mexico. It was first described in 1953 for an occurrence with cassiter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12462866 |
Association of Los Alamos Scientists The (ALAS) was founded on August 30, 1945, by a group of scientists, who had worked on the development of the atomic bomb at the Los Alamos Laboratory, a division of the Manhattan Project. The purpose of the organization was "to promote the attainment and use of scientific and techn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12469074 |
Friedrich Kipp (1814 – 21 January 1869) was a German physician and entomologist. Anonym 1869: [Kipp, F.] "Vereinsbl. westph.rhein. Ver. Bienenzucht und Seidenbau" 20:17-18. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12477399 |
Johann Eusebius Voet Johannes Eusebius Voet (24 January 1706 in Dordrecht – 28 September 1778 in The Hague) was a Dutch physician, poet, illustrator, and entomologist. Johannes was the son of Carel Burchat Voet (1671-1745) who was court-painter to the Earl of Portland and also an entomologist. Voet is the author of "Ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12478148 |
Follicle (fruit) In botany, a follicle is a dry unilocular fruit formed from one carpel, containing two or more seeds. It is usually defined as dehiscing by a suture in order to release seeds, for example in "Consolida" (some of the larkspurs), peony and milkweed ("Asclepias"). Some difficult cases exist however, so th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12489896 |
Herpolhode A herpolhode is the curve traced out by the endpoint of the angular velocity vector ω of a rigid rotor, a rotating rigid body. The endpoint of the angular velocity moves in a plane in absolute space, called the invariable plane, that is orthogonal to the angular momentum vector L. The fact that the herpolhod... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12496940 |
Carbochemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies the transformation of coals (bituminous coal, anthracite, lignite, graphite, and charcoal) into useful products and raw materials. The processes that are used in carbochemistry include degasification processes such as carbonization and coking, gasification processe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12510214 |
Geological Society of India The is based in Bangalore, India. Its flagship product is the "Journal of the (JGSI)". As declared in the "JGSI", the Society was established on May 28, 1958 to promote the cause of advanced study and research in all branches of earth system science. The society is administered by a council ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12514678 |
Geological Society of India Ramakrishnan (Chennai) as members. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12514678 |
Soil solarization is a non-chemical environmentally friendly method for controlling pests using solar power to increase the soil temperature to levels at which many soil-borne plant pathogens will be killed or greatly weakened. is used in warm climates on a relatively small scale in gardens and organic farms. weakens a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12516292 |
Soil solarization practices requires soil temperatures reach 35-60 degrees Celsius, which kills pathogens at the top 30 centimeters of soil. Solarization does not sterilize the soil completely. enhances the soil towards promoting beneficial microorganism. creates a beneficial microbe community by killing up to 90% of p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12516292 |
Soil solarization is an important agricultural practice for ecologically friendly soil pathogen suppression. A 2008 study used a solar cell to generate an electric field for electrokinetic (EK) remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil. The solar cell could drive the electromigration of cadmium in contaminated soil, and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12516292 |
Soil solarization The involvement of biological control mechanisms in pathogen control and the possible implications were indicated in the first publication, noticing the very long effect of the treatment. In 1977, American scientists from the University of California at Davis reported the control of "Verticillium" in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12516292 |
Soil solarization Long-term effects including biological control and increased growth response were verified in various climatic regions and soils, demonstrating the general applicability of solarization. Computerized simulation models have been developed to guide researchers and growers whether the ambient conditions ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12516292 |
Cosmic time is the time coordinate commonly used in the Big Bang models of physical cosmology. Such time coordinate may be defined for a homogeneous, expanding universe so that the universe has the same density everywhere at each moment in time (the fact that this is possible means that the universe is, by definition, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12527335 |
Cosmic time e. a non-standard cosmology, the hypothetical moment of big bang is still determined using the benchmark cosmological models which may coincide with the end of the inflationary epoch. For inflationary models, it is not possible to establish a well defined origin of time before the big bang since the univers... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12527335 |
Gowdy solution Gowdy universes or, alternatively, Gowdy solutions of Einstein's equations are simple model spacetimes in general relativity which represent an expanding universe filled with a regular pattern of gravitational waves. The space-time of an expanding universe is not uniform as in regular space-time, due to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12529812 |
Moiety conservation is the conservation of a subgroup in a chemical species, which is cyclically transferred from one molecule to another. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a subgroup that remains unchanged when it is phosphorylated to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and then unphosphorylated back to ADP forming a con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12539451 |
Topological entropy in physics The topological entanglement entropy or "topological entropy", usually denoted by "γ", is a number characterizing many-body states that possess topological order. A non-zero topological entanglement entropy reflects the presence of long range quantum entanglements in a many-body quantum s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12545981 |
Raster Navigational Charts (NOAA) Raster Navigational Charts (RNC's) are created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States Government. Each original chart is scanned at high resolution with color separate overlays. The raster file also contains data that is Geo-referencing; enab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12555158 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.