text
stringlengths
11
1.65k
source
stringlengths
38
44
The Naturalist on the River Amazons The reviewer notes that most of the people Bates meets "had a tinge of colour" but made the "lonely Englishman" comfortable with their "winning cordiality", and is amused that in a feast in Ega an Indian dressed up as an entomologist, complete with insect-net, hunting-bag, pincushion...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1696077
The Naturalist on the River Amazons However the reviewer is fascinated by the variety of life described in the book, and by Bates's "rapturous manner" of speaking about how delicious monkey flesh is, which "almost puts a premium on cannibalism". The review concludes "not without regret" (at such an enjoyable book), and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1696077
The Naturalist on the River Amazons Bates explains how the fig grows rings around the "victim" tree, which eventually dies, leaving the "selfish parasite clasping in its arms the lifeless and decaying body of its victim", so that the fig itself must quickly flower, fruit and die when its support fails. James observes t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1696077
The Naturalist on the River Amazons Shoumatoff had in fact spent eight months in Bates's "glorious forest" (he quotes) with a copy in his backpack; he thus admires Bates's acceptance of the inevitable discomfort and homesickness from personal knowledge, noting that Bates only complained when all the following had occur...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1696077
The Naturalist on the River Amazons The rapidly moving and shining body looked like a stream of brown liquid flowing over the thick bed of fallen leaves." However he is less impressed with Bates's remarks about the "intellectual inferiority" of the natives, and observes that Bates was wrong about the fertility of tropi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1696077
The Naturalist on the River Amazons " It describes the book as "an eloquently written compendium of curious natural facts and observations on Amazon life before the rubber boom, revealing the amazing zoological and botanical richness of the region" and calls his specimens "a hugely significant contribution to zoologica...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1696077
Localization of organelle proteins by isotope method tagging (or LOPIT) is a method for determining the subcellular localization of membrane proteins. see Dunkley et al. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 103 (17) p 6518
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1697378
One-pot synthesis In chemistry a one-pot synthesis is a strategy to improve the efficiency of a chemical reaction whereby a reactant is subjected to successive chemical reactions in just one reactor. This is much desired by chemists because avoiding a lengthy separation process and purification of the intermediate chem...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1706901
Ti plasmid A tumour inducing (Ti) plasmid is a plasmid found in pathogenic species of "Agrobacterium", including "A. tumefaciens, "A. rhizogenes", "A. rubi" and "A. vitis". Evolutionarily, the is part of a family of plasmids carried by many species of Alphaproteobacteria. Members of this plasmid family are defined by t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid Because the T-DNA region of the can be transferred from bacteria to plant cells, it represented an exciting avenue for the transfer of DNA between kingdoms and spurred large amounts of research on the and its possible uses in bioengineering. The is a member of a plasmid family found in Alphaproteobacteria. T...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid The first indication of a genetic effect on host plant cells came in 1942-1943, where plant cells of secondary tumours were found to lack any bacterial cells within. However, these tumour cells did possess the ability to produce opines metabolized by the infecting bacterial strain. Crucially, the production ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid The role of a plasmid in this pathogenic ability was further supported when large plasmids were found only in pathogenic bacteria but not avirulent bacteria. Eventually, the detection of parts of bacterial plasmids in host plant cells was established, confirming that this was the genetic material responsible...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid These genes are expressed from 4 different promoters located upstream of "repA". "repE" encodes for a small antisense RNA and is located between "repB" and "repC". Additionally, there is a partitioning site ("parS") and an origin of replication ("oriV") present within the "repABC" cassette. The replication o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid The ability of RepA to form filaments allows it to create a physical bridge along which DNA can be pulled to opposite poles of a dividing cell. Meanwhile, the RepB protein can bind specifically to the "parS" sequence, forming a complex with DNA that can be recognized by RepA. This system is particularly impo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid Quorum sensing systems respond to bacterial population densities by sensing a molecule, known as an autoinducer, that is produced by the bacterial cells at low levels and would build up to a threshold level when there is a high density of bacteria present. In this case, the autoinducer is the N-3-oxooctanoyl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid The activated response regulator VirG can then bind to a region of DNA known as the "vir" box, located upstream of each "vir" promoter, to activate the expression of the "vir" region. One possible downstream functions of the sensing mediated by VirA and VirG is the directional movement, or chemotaxis, of the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid As a result, they act to increase the amount of T-DNA strands produced. Following the production of the DNA strand to be transferred (transfer strand, T-strand), the VirC proteins can also help to direct the transfer strand to the transfer apparatus. The "virD" operon encodes for 4 proteins: VirD1-D4. VirD1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid There, it binds to the T-strand to direct its delivery to the nucleus of the host plant cell. Part of this activity involves the presence of nuclear localization sequences within the protein, which marks the protein and the associated DNA for entry into the nucleus. It also protects the T-strand from nucleas...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid The T-DNA of "Agrobacterium" is approximately 15-20 kbp in length and will become integrated into the host plant genome upon its transfer via a process known as recombination. This process utilizes preexisting gaps in the host plant cell's genome to allow the T-DNA to pair with short sequences in the genome,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid These are achieved by the Tra/Trb system and the VirB/VirD4 system respectively, which are members of the type IV secretion system (T4SS). For the and T-DNA to be transferred via conjugation, they must first be processed by different proteins, such as the relaxase enzyme (TraA/VirD2) and the DNA transfer and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Ti plasmid Proteins involved in mediating the transfer of T-DNA will first recognize the border sequences of the T-DNA region. Therefore, it is possible for scientists to use T-DNA border sequences to flank any desired sequence of interest - such a product can then be inserted into a plasmid and introduced into "Agroba...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1707931
Denaturation (fissile materials) Denaturation of fissile materials suitable for nuclear weapons is the process of transforming them into a form that is not suitable for weapons use and can not easily be reversely transformed. For Uranium 235 this is straightforward, by mixing it with Uranium 238, but for plutonium it i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1708940
Sergei Navashin Sergei Gavrilovich Navashin (); (14 December 1857 – 10 December 1930) was a Russian biologist. He discovered double fertilization in plants in 1898. 1874 — enters the Medical Surgical Academy in St. Petersburg, works on chemistry in the laboratory of A. Borodin 1878 — moves to the Moscow University, obt...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1718853
Non-perturbative In mathematics and physics, a non-perturbative function or process is one that cannot be described by perturbation theory. An example is the function which does not have a Taylor series at "x" = 0. Every coefficient of the Taylor expansion around "x" = 0 is exactly zero, but the function is non-zero if...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1719992
Killing horizon A is a null hypersurface defined by the vanishing of the norm of a Killing vector field (both are named after Wilhelm Killing). In Minkowski space-time, in pseudo-Cartesian coordinates formula_1 with signature formula_2 an example of is provided by the Lorentz boost (a Killing vector of the space-time) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1720938
Transformation theory (quantum mechanics) The term transformation theory refers to a procedure and a "picture" used by P. A. M. Dirac in his early formulation of quantum theory, from around 1927. This "transformation" idea refers to the changes a quantum state undergoes in the course of time, whereby its vector "moves"...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1723783
Pollen count A pollen count is the measurement of the number of grains of pollen in a cubic meter of air. High pollen counts can sometimes lead to increased rates of an allergic reaction for those with allergic disorders. Usually, the counts are announced for specific plants such as grass, ash, or olive. These are tail...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1724417
Pollen count The drum slowly rotates one turn over the course of seven days while collecting particles. The tape is removed after one week and cut into day-length sections.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1724417
Photomagneton The photomagneton is a theoretical treatment of the unitary group in quantum field theory and quantum chemistry that effectively describes the experimentally observed inverse Faraday effect. When circularly polarized light travels through a plasma, the angular momentum associated to the circular motion of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1726921
Effective half-life In pharmacokinetics, the effective half-life is the rate of accumulation or elimination of a biochemical or pharmacological substance in an organism; it is the analogue of biological half-life when the kinetics are governed by multiple independent mechanisms. This is seen when there are multiple mec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1728145
Effective half-life "radioactive")" half-life, while the metabolic elimination processes determines the ""biological"" half-life of the radionuclide, the two act as parallel paths for elimination of the radioactivity, the effective half-life could also be represented by the formula:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1728145
Serac A serac (originally from Swiss French "sérac") is a block or column of glacial ice, often formed by intersecting crevasses on a glacier. Commonly house-sized or larger, they are dangerous to mountaineers, since they may topple with little warning. Even when stabilized by persistent cold weather, they can be an im...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1732930
Larry's Lookout is located on Husband Hill, Gusev Crater, Mars. It is named after geologist Larry Crumpler. In 2005 "Spirit", a Mars Exploration Rover, spent 70 sols ascending and then four sols taking panoramic photographs of the Tennessee Valley below.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1733575
Moussaieff Red Diamond The (formerly known as the Red Shield Diamond) is a diamond measuring 5.11 carats (1.022 g) with a triangular brilliant cut (sometimes called a trillion or a trilliant cut), rated in color as Fancy Red by the Gemological Institute of America. It is the world's largest known red diamond, the rares...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1735545
Erkki Pulliainen Erkki Ossi Olavi Pulliainen (born June 23, 1938) is a Finnish biologist and politician and former member of Finnish Parliament, representing the Green League. He was first elected to the parliament in 1987 and was continuously a member until the election in spring 2011. From 1985 to 1999 he was also a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1738386
Grigore Antipa (; 27 November 1866 in Botoșani – 9 March 1949 in Bucharest) was a Romanian Darwinist biologist who studied the fauna of the Danube Delta and the Black Sea. Between 1892 and 1944 he was the director of the Bucharest Natural History Museum, which now bears his name. He is also considered to be the first p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1739273
Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī Ibrahim al-Fazari (died 777 CE) was an 8th-century Muslim mathematician and astronomer at the Abbasid court of the Caliph Al-Mansur (r. 754–775). He should not to be confused with his son Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, also an astronomer. He composed various astronomical writings ("on the astrolabe",...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1741027
Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Habib ibn Samra ibn Jundab al-Fazari (died 796 or 806) was a Muslim philosopher, mathematician and astronomer. He is not to be confused with his father Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, also an astronomer and mathematician. Some sources refer to him as an Arab, other sources sta...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1741105
Transmission line measurement or Transfer Length Measurement is a technique used in semiconductor physics and engineering to determine the contact resistance between a metal and a semiconductor. The technique involves making a series of metal-semiconductor contacts separated by various distances. Probes are applied to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1744973
Transmission line measurement Thus the sheet resistance as well as the contact resistance can be determined from this technique.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1744973
Pharming (genetics) Pharming, a portmanteau of "farming" and "pharmaceutical", refers to the use of genetic engineering to insert genes that code for useful pharmaceuticals into host animals or plants that would otherwise not express those genes, thus creating a genetically modified organism (GMO). Pharming is also kno...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) By 2003 several PDP products for the treatment of human diseases were under development by nearly 200 biotech companies, including recombinant gastric lipase for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, and antibodies for the prevention of dental caries and the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) In 2006 Dow AgroSciences received USDA approval to market a vaccine for poultry against Newcastle disease, produced in plant cell culture – the first plant-produced vaccine approved in the U.S. Milk is presently the most mature system to produce recombinant proteins from transgenic organisms. Blood,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) As indicated above, some mammals typically used for food production (such as goats, sheep, pigs, and cows) have been modified to produce non-food products, a practice sometimes called pharming. Use of genetically modified goats has been approved by the FDA and EMA to produce ATryn, i.e. recombinant ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) Prometheus" may create a problem in that, in accordance with the ruling in that case, "it may be said that such and such genes manufacture this protein in the same way they always did in a mammal, they produce the same product, and the genetic modification technology used is conventional, so that th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) Using a minor crop such as safflower or tobacco, avoids the greater political pressures and risk to the food supply involved with using staple crops such as beans or rice. Expression of proteins in plant cell or hairy root cultures also minimizes risk of gene transfer, but at a higher cost of produc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) Recently, the inclusion of antisense genes in expression cassettes has been shown to have potential for improving the plant pharming process. Researchers in Japan transformed rice with an antisense SPK gene, which disrupts starch accumulation in rice seeds, so that products would accumulate in a wat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) The regulation of genetic engineering concerns the approaches taken by governments to assess and manage the risks associated with the development and release of genetically modified crops. There are differences in the regulation of GM crops – including those used for pharming – between countries, wi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) Expanding the existing microbial systems, although feasible for some therapeutic products, is not a satisfactory option on several grounds. Many proteins of interest are too complex to be made by microbial systems or by protein synthesis. These proteins are currently being produced in animal cell cu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Pharming (genetics) It produces plants that contain physiologically active compounds that accumulate in the plant’s tissues. Considerable attention is focused, therefore, on the restraint and caution necessary to protect both consumer health and environmental biodiversity. The fact that the plants are used to produce d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1749134
Geological survey A geological survey is the systematic investigation of the geology beneath a given piece of ground for the purpose of creating a geological map or model. Geological surveying employs techniques from the traditional walk-over survey, studying outcrops and landforms, to intrusive methods, such as hand a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1750814
Geological survey Some geological survey organisations have collaborated with them to include subsurface geology in their systematic surveys, for example, the Geological Atlas of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Subsurface maps typically depict the three-dimensional form of geological surfaces by means of contours...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1750814
Four-frequency The four-frequency of a massless particle, such as a photon, is a four-vector defined by where formula_2 is the photon's frequency and formula_3 is a unit vector in the direction of the photon's motion. The four-frequency of a photon is always a future-pointing and null vector. An observer moving with fo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1753397
Double terminated crystal A double terminated crystal is a crystal with two naturally faceted ends. Technically, they have a termination on both ends. It is a rarer form of crystal as it forms free-floating in pockets of clay, rather than on one side of a stone. They are sought after by collectors and are often made in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1755501
Laporte rule The is a spectroscopic selection rule that only applies to centrosymmetric molecules (those with an inversion centre) and atoms. It states that electronic transitions that conserve parity, either symmetry or antisymmetry with respect to an inversion centre — i.e., "g" (gerade = even (German)) → "g", or "u"...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1757763
Laporte rule Complexes are not perfectly symmetric all the time. Transitions that occur as a result of an asymmetrical vibration of a molecule are called vibronic transitions, such as those caused by vibronic coupling. Through such asymmetric vibrations, transitions that would theoretically be forbidden, such as a d → ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1757763
Inundative application of a biological control or natural enemy of a pest refers to the release of overwhelming numbers of a mass-produced biological control agent in the expectation of either achieving a rapid reduction of a pest population, or to improve the long term survival of the biocontrol agent.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1759251
Thermal loop A thermal loop is a movement of air driven by warm air rising at one end of the loop, and cool air descending at the other end, creating a constantly moving loop of air. Thermal loops also occur in liquids. Thermal loops are size-independent; that is to say, they may occur in a space as small as a room or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1761758
Biostimulation involves the modification of the environment to stimulate existing bacteria capable of bioremediation. This can be done by addition of various forms of rate limiting nutrients and electron acceptors, such as phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon (e.g. in the form of molasses). Alternatively, remediatio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1762628
Biostimulation The primary disadvantage is that the delivery of additives in a manner that allows the additives to be readily available to subsurface microorganisms is based on the local geology of the subsurface. Tight, impermeable subsurface lithology (tight clays or other fine-grained material) make it difficult to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1762628
Biostimulation However, some biostimulative agents may be used in chaotic surfaces such as open water and sand so long as they are [oleophilic], meaning that they bond exclusively to hydrocarbons, and basically sink in the water column, bonding to oil, where they then float to the water's surface, exposing the hydrocar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1762628
Abolfadl Harawi () was a 10th-century astronomer from Rey, Persia who, along with al-Khujandi, studied under the patronage of the Buyid dynasty.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1766622
Al-Saghani Abu Hamid Ahmed ibn Mohammed al-Saghani al-Asturlabi (meaning the astrolabe maker of Saghan, near Merv) was a Persian astronomer and historian of science. He flourished in Baghdad, where he died in 379-380 A.H/ 990 A.D. Al-Asturlabi wrote some of the earliest comments on the history of science. These include...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1766840
Remote Automated Weather Station The Remote Automatic Weather Stations (RAWS) system is a network of automated weather stations run by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and monitored by the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC), mainly to observe potential wildfire conditions. Unlike ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1767557
Remote Automated Weather Station Portable stations may also be referred to as "quick deploy" or QD, and this should be indicated within the name of the station to allow proper interpretation of the collected data.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1767557
Greenland ice core project The Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) was a multinational European research project, organized through the European Science Foundation. Funding came from 8 nations (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Switzerland, and United Kingdom), and from the European Union. The project ra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1770354
Pteropsida is a subdivision of vascular plants that is no longer in use. It includes all flowering plants and ferns and is divided into "Filicinae", "Gymnospermae", and "Angiospermae".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772523
National Microbiology Laboratory The (NML) is part of the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Branch of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), the agency of the Government of Canada that is responsible for public health, health emergency preparedness and response, and infectious and chronic disease control an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory In the 1980s, Health Canada identified both the need to replace existing laboratory space that was reaching the end of its lifespan and the need for Containment Level 4 space in the country. Around the same time, Agriculture Canada (prior to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency being for...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory Following the SARS outbreak in 2003, the Public Health Agency of Canada was formed in 2004 to provide a stronger focus on public health and emergency preparedness in the country. It is a member of the federal Health Portfolio (along with Health Canada, the Canadian Institute of Health R...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory In a Level 2 lab, work with infectious materials is done inside a biosafety cabinet (BSC) and appropriate personal protective gear is worn relative to activities (gloves, eye protection, lab coats, gowns, etc.). Risk Group 2 pathogens worked with in Level 2 can cause disease but are not...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory This level of containment represents an isolated unit independent of other areas. CL4 emphasizes maximum containment of the infectious agent by completely sealing the facility perimeter with confirmation by negative pressure testing, isolation of the researcher from the pathogen by an e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens - dealing with viral, bacterial and rickettsial zoonoses (diseases transmitted to humans from other species), such as West Nile Virus and Lyme disease, along with risk group 4 agents such as Ebola, Marburg and Lassa fever viruses. HIV and Retrovir...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory NML employs scientists (MD, PhD, and DVM), biologists, and laboratory technicians, but it also includes informatics specialists, biosafety experts, specialized operations and maintenance staff, and administrative staff, among others. In total, there are approximately 600 staff members a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory NML also assisted Mexico by providing additional testing and sent staff to their national laboratory to enable to help them set up their own testing protocols. In the international laboratory sector, NML has developed different types of mobile labs: a lab-truck, a lab-trailer, and a "la...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory More than 4,000 public health officials across Canada now subscribe to it. CNPHI tools assist in determining the existence or extent of an outbreak through the recognition of related cases across jurisdictions. From 2000 to 2014, Dr. Frank Plummer was the Scientific Director General of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
National Microbiology Laboratory Matthew Gilmour became the Scientific Director General of the and the Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses. Dr. Gilmour spearheaded the partnership that brought these two laboratories together under the umbrella. He was previously the Chief, Enteric Diseases and subsequently the Program Di...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1772649
New chemical entity A new chemical entity (NCE) is, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, a drug that contains no active moiety that has been approved by the FDA in any other application submitted under section 505(b) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. A new molecular entity (NME) is a drug that...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1775454
New chemical entity Companies adopting this model of business would be able to generate high margins as they get a huge one-time payment for the NCE as well as entering into a revenue sharing agreement with the licensee company. Under the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, all new chemical entities mu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1775454
Naubakht Nobakht Ahvazi (), also spelled Ahvaz and Naubakht, along with his sons were astrologers from Ahvaz (in the present-day Khuzestan Province, Iran) who lived in the 8th and 9th centuries AD. Nobakht was particularly famous for having led a group of astrologers who picked an auspicious electional chart for the fo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1777439
Ahmad Nahavandi Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Nahawandi () was a Persian astronomer of the 8th and 9th centuries. His name indicates that he was from Nahavand, a city in Iran. He lived and worked at the Academy of Gundishapur, in Khuzestan, Iran, at the time of Yahya ibn Khalid ibn Barmak, who died in 803 AD, where he is repor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1778150
Geologic province A geologic or geomorphic province is a spatial entity with common geologic or geomorphic attributes. A province may include a single dominant structural element such as a basin or a fold belt, or a number of contiguous related elements. Adjoining provinces may be similar in structure but be considered...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1781219
Abu Said Gorgani Abu Sa'id al-Dharir al-Jurjani (), also Gurgani, was a 9th-century Persian mathematician and astronomer from Gurgan (Jurjan), Iran. He wrote a treatise on geometrical problems and another on the drawing of the meridian. George Sarton considers him a pupil of Ibn al-A'rabi, but Carl Brockelmann rejects ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1782310
Characteristic time The characteristic time is an estimate of the order of magnitude of the reaction time scale of a system. It can loosely be defined as the inverse of the reaction rate. In chemistry, the characteristic time is used to determine whether the problem needs to be solved as an equilibrium problem or a kin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1783086
National Museum (Malaysia) The National Museum () is a museum located on Jalan Damansara in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The museum is situated in close proximity to the Perdana Lake Gardens and it provides an overview of Malaysian history and culture. Its facade comprises elements of traditional Malay and modern features. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784374
National Museum (Malaysia) The old museum structure was completely demolished to make way for a new museum. Construction began in 1959 and was complete in 1963. The National Museum was officially opened on 31 August 1963 by Tuanku Syed Putra Ibni al-Marhum Syed Hassan Jamalullal, the 3rd Yang di-Pertuan Agong. On 4 Apr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784374
National Museum (Malaysia) Among the collections are the stone makara statue, the bronze Avalokiteshvara of Bidor, the model of Bujang Valley temple in Kedah, and also displaying region's ancient legacy such as Javan Borobudur and Majapahit vessel. The exhibit continues to the later Muslim Sultanate of Malacca and the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784374
National Museum (Malaysia) Few if at all were any mentions made of the involvement of the Malayan Chinese Association and the Malayan Indian Congress, which three parties worked together to achieve Independence of Malaya on 31 August 1957. Other galleries include the National Sports Gallery and the Natural History Gall...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784374
National Museum (Malaysia) Istana Satu was erected in the National Museum compound in April 1974. Rich Malay craftsmanship is evident throughout the palace, from the intricate wood carvings that adorn doors and windows. The restored palace is a charming wooden house designed for the tropics. Standing on stilts that all...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784374
National Museum (Malaysia) In 2007 cultural and history enthusiasts residing in the greater Kuala Lumpur area formed, with the support of the Department of National Museums, a group of volunteer museum tour guides to accommodate the growing number of international tourists to the museum. At any time, somewhere between ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784374
Ice IX is a form of solid water stable at temperatures below 140 K and pressures between 200 and 400 MPa. It has a tetragonal crystal lattice and a density of 1.16 g/cm³, 26% higher than ordinary ice. It is formed by cooling ice III from 208 K to 165 K (rapidly—to avoid forming ice II). Its structure is identical to ic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1784528
Global Standard Stratigraphic Age In the stratigraphy sub-discipline of geology, a Global Standard Stratigraphic Age, abbreviated GSSA, is a chronological reference point and criterion in the geologic record used to define the boundaries (an internationally sanctioned benchmark point) between different geological perio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1786604
Global Standard Stratigraphic Age For more recent periods, a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), largely based on paleontology and improved methods of fossil dating, is used to define such boundaries. In contrast to GSSAs, GSSPs are based on important events and transitions within a particular stratigr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1786604
Landau–Hopf theory of turbulence In physics, the Landau–Hopf theory of turbulence, named for Lev Landau and Eberhard Hopf, was until the mid-1970s, the accepted theory of how a fluid flow becomes turbulent. It states that as a fluid flows faster, it develops more Fourier modes. At first, a few modes dominate, but under...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1790227
Paul Niggli Niggli was born in Zofingen and studied at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich and the University of Zurich, where he obtained a doctorate. His 1919 book, "Geometrische Kristallographie des Diskontinuums", played a seminal role in the refinement of space group theory. In this book, Nig...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1793234
Paul Niggli In 1948, Niggli was awarded the Roebling Medal of the Mineralogical Society of America. Since 1988 the Foundation awards medals to outstanding Swiss mineral scientists below the age of 35 with a strong perspective for an academic career. Dorsum Niggli on the Moon was named after him.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1793234
Phreatic is a term used in hydrology to refer to aquifers, in speleology to refer to cave passages, and in volcanology to refer to eruption type. The term phreatic is used in hydrology and the earth sciences to refer to matters relating to ground water (an aquifer) below the water table (the word originates from the Gr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1796977
Phreatic A cave passage formed in this way is characteristically circular or oval in cross-section as limestone is dissolved on all surfaces. Many cave passages are formed by a combination of phreatic followed by vadose action. Such passages form a keyhole cross section: a round-shaped section at the top and a rectangu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1796977
Chalaza The chalaza (; from Greek "hailstone"; plural "chalazas" or "chalazae", ) is a structure inside bird and reptile eggs and plant ovules. It attaches or suspends the yolk or nucellus within the larger structure. In the eggs of most birds (not of the reptiles), the chalazae are two spiral bands of tissue that susp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1801518
Kilocalorie per mole The kilocalorie per mole is a unit to measure an amount of energy per number of molecules, atoms, or other similar particles. It is defined as one kilocalorie of energy (1000 thermochemical gram calories) per one mole of substance, that is, per Avogadro’s number of particles. It is abbreviated "kca...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1805832