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Curvature invariant In Riemannian geometry and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, curvature invariants are scalar quantities constructed from tensors that represent curvature. These tensors are usually the Riemann tensor, the Weyl tensor, the Ricci tensor and tensors formed from these by the operations of taking dual contract... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2680414 |
Photon diffusion is a situation where photons travel through a material without being absorbed, but rather undergoing repeated scattering events which change the direction of their path. The path of any given photon is then effectively a random walk. A large ensemble of such photons can be said to exhibit diffusion in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2684175 |
Reverse diffusion refers to a situation where the transport of particles (atoms or molecules) in a medium occurs towards regions of higher concentration gradients, opposite to that observed during diffusion. This phenomenon occurs during phase separation and is described by the Cahn–Hilliard equation. also refers to wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2684190 |
Drag count A drag count is a dimensionless unit used by aerospace engineers where 1 drag count is equal to a formula_1 of 0.0001. A drag count formula_2 is defined as: where: The drag coefficient is used to compare the solutions of different geometries by means of a dimensionless number. A drag count is used as a more ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2684566 |
Level-spacing distribution In mathematical physics, level spacing is the difference between consecutive elements in some set of real numbers. In particular, it is the difference between consecutive energy levels or eigenvalues of a matrix or linear operator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2685460 |
Polyphenism A polyphenic trait is a trait for which multiple, discrete phenotypes can arise from a single genotype as a result of differing environmental conditions. It is therefore a special case of phenotypic plasticity. There are several types of polyphenism in animals, from having sex determined by the environment ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2686634 |
Polyphenism In essence the latter is normal ontogeny where young forms can and do have different forms, colours and habits to adults. The discrete nature of polyphenic traits differentiates them from traits like weight and height, which are also dependent on environmental conditions but vary continuously across a spect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2686634 |
Polyphenism In the blue wrasse, only one male is found in a given territory: larvae within the territory develop into females, and adult males will not enter the same territory. If a male dies, one of the females in his territory becomes male, replacing him. While this system ensures that there will always be a mating ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2686634 |
Polyphenism Because insects cease growth and development after eclosion, their pigment pattern is invariable in adulthood: thus, a polyphenic pigment adaptation would be less valuable for species whose adult form survives longer than one year. Birds and mammals are capable of continued physiological changes in adulthoo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2686634 |
Polyphenism However, when the water level is low and desiccation is imminent, the tadpoles develop a morphology (wide mouth, strong jaw) that permits them to cannibalize. Cannibalistic tadpoles receive better nutrition and thus metamorphose more quickly, avoiding death as the pond dries up. Among invertebrates, the nem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2686634 |
Polyphenism These dauer larvae are a stress-resistant, non-feeding, long-lived stage, enabling the animals to survive harsh conditions. On return to favorable conditions, the animal resumes reproductive development from L3 stage onwards. A mechanism has been proposed for the evolutionary development of polyphenisms: Ev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2686634 |
Polyphenism However, introduction of the black mutant caused the temperature-dependent changes in pigment production to become obvious. The researchers could then select for larvae with the temperature-sensitive allele, resulting in a polyphenism. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2686634 |
SHEEP (symbolic computation system) SHEEP is one of the earliest interactive symbolic computation systems. It is specialized for computations with tensors, and was designed for the needs of researchers working with general relativity and other theories involving extensive tensor calculus computations. SHEEP is a freewa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2687374 |
Eos Chasma is a chasma in the southern part of the Valles Marineris canyon system of the Coprates quadrangle and the Margaritifer Sinus quadrangles of the planet Mars. Eos Chasma’s western floor is mainly composed of an etched massive material composed of either volcanic or eolian deposits later eroded by the Martian w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2689967 |
János Irinyi (; sometimes also spelled "János Irínyi"; Romanian: Ioan Irinyi; 18 May 1817, in Albis [Romanian: Buduslau] – 17 December 1895, in Vértes (today Létavértes - Hungary) was a Hungarian chemist and inventor of the noiseless and non-explosive match. He achieved this by mixing the phosphorus with lead dioxide i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2694448 |
Fluid pipe Fluid pipes are a phenomenon driven by surface tension. When a pure water jet impinges on a reservoir, capillary waves are excited and propagate up the jet at the same speed that the jet falls. phenomenon may be observed with a kitchen faucet. When the diameter of the stream is 2–3 mm, placing an obstacle in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2695705 |
Anthelion An anthelion (plural anthelia, from late Greek ανθηλιος, "opposite the sun") is a rare optical phenomenon of the halo family. It appears on the parhelic circle opposite to the sun as a faint white spot, not unlike a sundog, and may be crossed by an X-shaped pair of diffuse arcs. How anthelia are formed is dis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2701330 |
Eberhard Köllner (born 29 September 1939 in Stassfurt, Germany) was selected for Soyuz 31 as the backup for Sigmund Jähn. He later became the Director of the Airforce Academy of the German Democratic Republic in the rank of an "Oberst" ("Colonel"), following the reunion of Germany he refused to be transferred to the (W... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2703671 |
Ravish Malhotra (born 25 December 1943 in Lahore, British India) is a retired Air Commodore of the Indian Air Force. He was an Air Force test pilot stationed at the test center in Bangalore. He was also the Air Officer Commanding of Hindon Air Force Station near Delhi. In 1982, he was chosen to train for spaceflight in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2704144 |
Awn (botany) In botany, an awn is either a hair- or bristle-like appendage on a larger structure, or in the case of the Asteraceae, a stiff needle-like element of the pappus. Awns are characteristic of various plant families, including Geraniaceae and many grasses (Poaceae). In grasses awns typically extend from the le... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2704639 |
Awn (botany) Depending on the species, such awns have various seed dispersal functions, either dispersing the seed by flinging it out (seed ejection); flinging away the entire carpel so that it snaps off (carpel projection); entangling the awn or bristles on passing animals (zoochory); or possibly burying the seed by t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2704639 |
Emil Godlewski (junior) Emil Godlewski (1875–1944) was a Polish embryologist, professor of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. After early research on the development and histogenesis of muscles, professor Godlewski's scientific interests focused on regeneration and mechanisms regulating the process of fertilization... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2705177 |
August Dehnel s. Michała (June 25, 1903, Warsaw – November 22, 1962, Warsaw) was a Polish zoologist, Ph.D. (1926), professor. Until 1949 he signed his popular science and embryology works with the name Gustaw Dehnel. Denhel is credited with discovering that the braincase of shrews shrinks significantly over the winter ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2705223 |
Plant Patent Act of 1930 The (enacted on 1930-06-17 as Title III of the Smoot–Hawley Tariff, ch. 497, , codified as 35 U.S.C. Ch. 15) is a United States federal law spurred by the work of Luther Burbank. This piece of legislation made it possible to patent new varieties of plants, excluding sexual and tuber-propagated ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2705547 |
Volborthite is a mineral containing copper and vanadium, with the formula CuVO(OH)·2HO. Found originally in 1838 in the Urals, it was first named knaufite but was later changed to volborthite for Alexander von Volborth (1800–1876), a Russian paleontologist. Tangeite (synonym: calciovolborthite), CaCuVO(OH), is closely ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2713654 |
Warwickite is an iron magnesium titanium borate mineral with formula: (MgFe)Ti(O, BO) "or" Mg(Ti,Fe, Al)(BO)O. It occurs as brown to black prismatic orthorhombic crystals which are vitreous and transparent. It has a Mohs hardness of 3 to 4 and a specific gravity of 3.36. It occurs metasomatized limestone skarns and in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2713763 |
Industrial fermentation is the intentional use of fermentation by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi as well as eukaryotic cells like CHO cells and insect cells, to make products useful to humans. Fermented products have applications as food as well as in general industry. Some commodity chemicals, such as aceti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation In most industrial fermentations, the organisms or eukaryotic cells are submerged in a liquid medium; in others, such as the fermentation of cocoa beans, coffee cherries, and miso, fermentation takes place on the moist surface of the medium. There are also industrial considerations related to th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation Growth of the inoculum does not occur immediately. This is the period of adaptation, called the lag phase. Following the lag phase, the rate of growth of the organism steadily increases, for a certain period—this period is the log or exponential phase. After a phase of exponential growth, the ra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation In the production of bio-ethanol, the medium may consist mostly of whatever inexpensive carbon source is available. Carbon sources are typically sugars or other carbohydrates, although in the case of substrate transformations (such as the production of vinegar) the carbon source may be an alcoho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation The amount of phosphate which must be added depends upon the composition of the broth and the needs of the organism, as well as the objective of the fermentation. For instance, some cultures will not produce secondary metabolites in the presence of phosphate. Growth factors and trace nutrients a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation This method involves changing only one factor at a time while keeping the other concentrations constant. This method can be separated into some sub groups. One is Removal Experiments. In this experiment all the components of the medium are removed one at a time and their effects on the medium ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation Primary metabolites are compounds made during the ordinary metabolism of the organism during the growth phase. A common example is ethanol or lactic acid, produced during glycolysis. Citric acid is produced by some strains of "Aspergillus niger" as part of the citric acid cycle to acidify their ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation In the early days of the biotechnology industry, most biopharmaceutical products were made in "E. coli"; by 2004 more biopharmaceuticals were manufactured in eukaryotic cells, like CHO cells, than in microbes, but used similar bioreactor systems. Insect cell culture systems came into use in the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Industrial fermentation They were developed long before man had any knowledge of the existence of the microorganisms involved. Some foods such as Marmite are the byproduct of the fermentation process, in this case in the production of beer. Fermentation is the main source of ethanol in the production of ethanol fuel. C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723752 |
Van Slyke determination The is a chemical test for the determination of amino acids containing a primary amine group. It is named after the biochemist Donald Dexter Van Slyke (1883-1971). One of Van Slyke's first professional achievements was the quantification of amino acids by the reaction. To quantify aliphatic amin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723787 |
Trapp mixture The is a specific mixture of organic solvents that allows chemical reactions to take place at very low temperatures. It is made up of THF:diethyl ether:pentane in a 4:4:1 ratio which remains liquid down to −110 °C and the same solvents in a 4:1:1 ratio remain a liquid down to −120 °C. This solvent system ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2723918 |
Whewellite is a mineral, hydrated calcium oxalate, formula Ca CO·HO. Because of its organic content it is thought to have an indirect biological origin; this hypothesis is supported by its presence in coal and sedimentary nodules. However, it has also been found in hydrothermal deposits where a biological source appear... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2726550 |
Fenestra A fenestra (fenestration; plural fenestrae or fenestrations) is any small opening or pore, commonly used as a term in the biological sciences. It is Latin for the word "window", and is used in various fields to describe a pore in an anatomical structure. In morphology, fenestrae are found in cancellous bones, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2730533 |
Entomoplasmatales is a small order of mollicute bacteria. The genus "Spiroplasma" is part of this order. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2731923 |
Anaeroplasmatales is an order of mollicute bacteria which are generally found in the rumens of cattle and sheep. The only family in the order is the family Anaeroplasmataceae. Members of the order can appear as different shapes at different times in their lifecycles. Cells which are 16–18 hours old tend to be spherical... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2731947 |
Judith Lapierre is a professor in Nursing at the Université Laval. She studied at the International Space University in France. In 1999, Lapierre accused two Russian cosmonauts of sexual harassment after a 110-day simulation of space station living. Among the claims were an unwarranted kiss during a New Year's Celebrat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2735695 |
Wood opal is a form of petrified wood which has developed an opalescent sheen or, more rarely, where the wood has been completely replaced by opal. Other names for this opalized sheen-like wood are opalized wood and opalized petrified wood. It is often used as a gemstone. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2736688 |
Nanoelectrochemistry is a branch of electrochemistry that investigates the electrical and electrochemical properties of materials at the nanometer size regime. plays significant role in the fabrication of various sensors, and devices for detecting molecules at very low concentrations. Two transport mechanisms are funda... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2740204 |
Nanoelectrochemistry <br> According to TSK model, surface atoms in nanocrystals can occupy terrace, step or kink positions: each site has a different tendency to adsorb reactants and to let them move along the surface. Generally, sites having lower coordination number (steps and kinks) are more reactive due to their hi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2740204 |
Nanoelectrochemistry The most used characterization techniques are: There are mainly two properties that distinguish nanoelectrodes from electrodes: smaller RC constant and faster mass transfer. The former allows measurements to be made in high-resistance solutions because they offer less resistance, the latter, due to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2740204 |
Algodonite is a copper arsenide mineral with formula: CuAs. It is a gray white metallic mineral crystallizing in the hexagonal system. It has a Mohs hardness of 4 and a specific gravity of 8.38 - 8.72. It was first described in 1857 from the Algodones silver mine, Coquimbo, Chile. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2741589 |
Biological thermodynamics is the quantitative study of the energy transductions that occur in or between living organisms, structures, and cells and of the nature and function of the chemical processes underlying these transductions. may address the question of whether the benefit associated with any particular phenoty... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2747470 |
Biological thermodynamics Annual energy captured by photosynthesis in green plants is about 4% of the total sunlight energy that reaches Earth. The energy transformations in biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents are exceptions; they oxidize sulfur, obtaining their energy via chemosynthesis rather than p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2747470 |
Biological thermodynamics No matter what the type of living species, all living organisms must capture, transduce, store, and use energy to live. The relationship between the energy of the incoming sunlight and its wavelength or frequency is given by where "h" is the Planck constant (6.63x10Js) and "c" is the speed of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2747470 |
Biological thermodynamics Diversity can also be argued to be a diffusion process that diffuses toward a dynamic equilibrium to maximize entropy. Therefore, thermodynamics can explain the direction and rate of evolution along with the direction and rate of succession. The First Law of Thermodynamics is a statement of th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2747470 |
Biological thermodynamics Living organisms are often mistakenly believed to defy the Second Law because they are able to increase their level of organization. To correct this misinterpretation, one must refer simply to the definition of systems and boundaries. A living organism is an open system, able to exchange both ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2747470 |
Biological thermodynamics where: The change in Gibbs Free Energy can be used to determine whether a given chemical reaction can occur spontaneously. If ∆"G" is negative, the reaction can occur spontaneously. Likewise, if ∆"G" is positive, the reaction is nonspontaneous. Chemical reactions can be “coupled” together if t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2747470 |
Anchialine pool An anchialine pool or pond (pronounced "AN-key-ah-line", from Greek "ankhialos", "near the sea") is a landlocked body of water with a subterranean connection to the ocean. Anchialine pools are a feature of coastal aquifers which are density stratified, with the water near the surface being fresh or brac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2749087 |
Anchialine pool Ecological studies of anchialine pools frequently identify regionally rare and sometimes endemic species. In Hawaii, the pools are home to the ʻōpaeʻula (Hawaiian shrimp, "Halocaridina rubra"). In karst anchialine pools and the caves that these may be connected to, the fauna are diverse and include crus... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2749087 |
Sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB) get their energy by reducing elemental sulfur to hydrogen sulfide. They couple this reaction with the oxidation of acetate, succinate or other organic compounds. Several types of bacteria and many non-methanogenic archaea can reduce sulfur. Some bacteriasuch as "Proteus", "Campylobacter",... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2753131 |
List of Penrose Medal winners The Penrose Medal was created in 1925 by R.A.F. Penrose, Jr., as the top prize awarded by the Geological Society of America. Originally created as the Geological Society of America Medal it was soon renamed the Penrose Medal by popular assent of the society's membership, and was first awar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2754742 |
Acotyledon is used to refer to seed plants or spermatophytes that lack cotyledons, such as orchids and dodder. Orchid seeds are tiny with underdeveloped embryos. They depend on mycorrhizal fungi for their early nutrition so are myco-heterotrophs at that stage. Although some authors, especially in the 19th century and e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2755291 |
Pantropical A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers tropical regions of both hemispheres. Examples include caecilians, modern sirenians and the plant genera "Acacia" and "Bacopa". Neotropical is a zoogeographic term that covers a large part of the Americas, roughly from Mexico and the Caribbean s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2756802 |
Abeona Mons is a mountain on Venus named after the goddess Abeona. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2760814 |
Critical distance is, in acoustics, the distance at which the sound pressure level of the direct sound D and the reverberant sound R are equal when dealing with a directional source. As the source is directional, the sound pressure as a function of distance between source and sampling point (listener) varies with their... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2760958 |
NGC 6745 (also known as UGC 11391) is an irregular galaxy about 206 million light-years (63.5 mega-parsecs) away in the constellation Lyra. It is actually a trio of galaxies in the process of colliding. The three galaxies have been colliding for hundreds of millions of years. After passing through the larger galaxy (NG... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2762326 |
Mycoremediation (from ancient Greek "μύκης (mukēs)", meaning "fungus" and the suffix "-remedium", in Latin meaning 'restoring balance') is a form of bioremediation in which fungi-based technology is used to decontaminate the environment. Fungi have been proven to be a very cheap, effective and environmentally sound way... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769113 |
Mycoremediation For this reasons it is often used also in small scale applications, such as mycofiltration of domestic wastewater, and to help with the decomposition process of a compost toilet. Pollution from metals is very common, as they are used in many industrial processes such as electroplating, textiles, paint a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769113 |
Mycoremediation The single individuals are usually selected from an old-time polluted environment, such as sludge or wastewater, where they had time to adapt to the circumstances, and the selection is carried on in the laboratory. A dilution of the water can drastically improve the ability of biosorption of the fungi. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769113 |
Mycoremediation In the case of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), complex organic compounds with fused, highly stable, polycyclic aromatic rings, fungi are very effective also in marine environments. The enzymes involved in this degradation are ligninolytic and include lignin peroxidase, versatile peroxidase, man... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769113 |
Mycoremediation Examples includes the insecticide endosulfan, imazalil, thiophanate methyl, ortho-phenylphenol, diphenylamine, chlorpyrifos in wastewater, and atrazine in clay-loamy soils. Dyes are used in many industries, like paper printing or textile. They are often recalcitrant to degradation and in some cases, lik... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769113 |
Mycoremediation The mycelium quick expansion also can greatly extend the rhizosphere influenze zone (hyphosphere), providing the plant with access to more nutrients and contaminants. Increasing the rhizosphere overall health also means a rise in the bacteria population, which can also contribute to the bioremediation p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769113 |
Spectral imaging is imaging that uses multiple bands across the electromagnetic spectrum. While an ordinary camera captures light across three wavelength bands in the visible spectrum, red, green, and blue (RGB), spectral imaging encompasses a wide variety of techniques that go beyond RGB. may use the infrared, the vis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769612 |
Spectral imaging A hyperspectral camera uses special hardware to capture hundreds of wavelength bands for each pixel, which can be interpreted as a complete spectrum. In other words, the camera has a high spectral resolution. The phrase "spectral imaging" is sometimes used as a shorthand way of referring to this techni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2769612 |
Adult stem cell Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues. Also known as somatic stem cells (from Greek Σωματικóς, meaning "of the body"), they can be found in juvenile as well as adult... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell It is believed that the molecular distinction between symmetric and asymmetric divisions lies in differential segregation of cell membrane proteins (such as receptors) and their associated proteins between the daughter cells. Under normal conditions, tissue stem cells divide slowly and infrequently. The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell It can be induced by modifying the growth medium when stem cells are cultured "in vitro" or transplanting them to an organ of the body different from the one they were originally isolated from. There is yet no consensus among biologists on the prevalence and physiological and therapeutic relevance of st... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell This was done with mice as early as 2006 with future prospects to slow down human aging substantially. Such cells are one of the various classes of induced stem cells. research has been focused on uncovering the general molecular mechanisms that control their self-renewal and differentiation. Hematopoie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell MSCs have been isolated from placenta, adipose tissue, lung, bone marrow and blood, Wharton's jelly from the umbilical cord, and teeth (perivascular niche of dental pulp and periodontal ligament). MSCs are attractive for clinical therapy due to their ability to differentiate, provide trophic support, an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell The presence of stem cells in the mature primate brain was first reported in 1967. It has since been shown that new neurons are generated in adult mice, songbirds and primates, including humans. Normally, adult neurogenesis is restricted to two areas of the brain – the subventricular zone, which lines t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell Olfactory adult stem cells have been successfully harvested from the human olfactory mucosa cells, which are found in the lining of the nose and are involved in the sense of smell. If they are given the right chemical environment, these cells have the same ability as embryonic stem cells to develop into... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell treatments have been used for many years to successfully treat leukemia and related bone/blood cancers utilizing bone marrow transplants. The use of adult stem cells in research and therapy is not considered as controversial as the use of embryonic stem cells, because the production of adult stem cells ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell have reported high field MRI evidence of increased cartilage and meniscus volume in individual human clinical subjects as well as a large n=227 safety study. Many other stem cell based treatments are operating outside the US, with much controversy being reported regarding these treatments as some feel m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell cells that can give rise to any fetal or adult cell type, can be found in a number of tissues, including umbilical cord blood. Using genetic reprogramming, pluripotent stem cells equivalent to embryonic stem cells have been derived from human adult skin tissue. Other adult stem cells are multipotent, me... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Adult stem cell This complicates the design of drugs, for instance neural stem cell targeted therapies for the treatment of clinical depression. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2777285 |
Mario Garavaglia (born 1937) is an Argentine physicist. He was born in Junín (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina) in 1937. In 1999 the International Commission for Optics awarded him the "Galileo Galilei Award" by unanimous vote for his work on lasers and their applications in industry, medicine and biology and for promo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2778906 |
HEPnet or the High-Energy Physics Network is a telecommunications network for researchers in high-energy physics. It originated in the United States, but that has spread to most places involved in such research. Well-known sites include Argonne National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2783368 |
Neutron economy is defined as the ratio of an adjoint weighted average of the excess neutron production divided by an adjoint weighted average of the fission production. The distribution of neutron energies in a nuclear reactor differs from the fission neutron spectrum due to the slowing down of neutrons in elastic and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2789297 |
National Collegiate Weather Forecasting Contest The National Collegiate Weather Forecasting Contest, or NCWFC, was a yearly competition among colleges and Universities in the US run by Penn State. There were over 1000 participants from about 45 institutions. In 2006, the competition was transferred to the University of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2791573 |
Selenite (ion) The selenite anion is a selenium oxoanion with the chemical formula . A selenite (compound) is a compound that contains this ion. In slightly acid conditions, the hydrogenselenite ion, , is formed; in more acidic conditions selenous acid, HSeO, exists. Most selenite salts can be formed by heating the rel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2792314 |
Subtelomere Subtelomeres are segments of DNA between telomeric caps and chromatin. Telomeres are specialized protein–DNA constructs present at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, which prevent them from degradation and end-to-end chromosomal fusion. Introductory biology courses often describe telomeres as a type of chr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere The two domains differ in sequence content and extent of homology to other chromosome ends and they are often separated by a stretch of degenerate telomere repeats (TTAGGG) and an element called 'core X', which is found at all chromosome ends and contains an autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) and an AB... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere These peculiar properties are mechanisms that generate diversity at an individual scale and therefore contribute to adaptation of organisms to their environments. For example, in "Plasmodium falciparum" during interphase of erythrocytic stage, the chromosomic extremities are gathered at the cell nucleus per... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere In other species, several parasites such as Plasmodium and Trypanosoma brucei have developed sophisticated evasion mechanisms to adapt to the hostile environment posed by the host, such as exposing variable surface antigens to escape the immune system. Genes coding for surface antigens in these organisms ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere VSG expression is exclusively subtelomeric and occurs either by in situ activation of a silent VSG gene or by DNA rearrangement that inserts an internal silent copy of a VSG gene into an active telomeric expression site. To contrast with "Plasmodium falciparum", in "Trypanosoma brucei", antigenic variation ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere In contrast, germ line and cancer cells possess an enzyme, telomerase, which prevents telomere degradation and maintains telomere integrity, causing these types of cells to be very long-lived. In humans, the role of subtelomere disorders is demonstrated in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), Alzh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere The advantages of subtelomeres have been studied in different species such as Plasmodium_falciparum, Drosophila melanogaster, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, since they have similar genetic elements to humans, not accounting for length and sequence. Subtelomeres might have the same role in plants since the same a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere However, subtelomeres strongly influences the replication timing of telomeres. Knockout of subtelomeres in Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells after the loss of telomerase does not affect cell survival, indicating that subtelomeres are not necessary for cell survival. An explanation as to why subtelomeres are n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Subtelomere Shugonshi is a centromere protein for chromosome segregation during meiosis and mitosis. There are two types of Shugonshi protein: SGOL1 and SGOL2. Sgo1 is only expressed in meiosis 1 for centromeric cohesion of the sister chromosomes, while Sgo2 is expressed in both cell cycles and is responsible for the s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794604 |
Logan Sapphire The is a flawless specimen from Sri Lanka, a cushion-cut stone which possesses a rich deep blue color and is the second largest (blue) sapphire known, weighing 422.99 carats (84.6 g). The stone, roughly the size of an egg, is one of the world's largest and most famous sapphires. The is named after Polly ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2794892 |
Malcolm MacLeod (British Army officer) Major-General Malcolm Neynoe MacLeod (23 May 1882–1 August 1969) was Director General of the Ordnance Survey from 1935 to 1943. In 1935 he started the retriangulation of Great Britain, an immense task which involved erecting concrete triangulation pillars (trig points) on prominen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2796159 |
Sarepta Therapeutics Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc. () is a medical research and drug development company with corporate offices and research facilities in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Incorporated in 1980 as AntiVirals, shortly before going public the company changed its name from AntiVirals to AVI BioPharma s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2796300 |
Sarepta Therapeutics In 2012 the company moved a second time, to Cambridge, Massachusetts. At the time, CEO Chris Garabedian indicated the move was motivated by the need to recruit expertise in rare diseases. The Corvallis laboratory facility was closed in 2016. In February, Sarepta acquired five gene therapy candidate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2796300 |
Sarepta Therapeutics Morpholinos have been tested for a wide range of applications including prevention of cardiac restenosis after angioplasty, treatment of coronary artery bypass grafts, treatment of polycystic kidney disease, redirection of drug metabolism, treatment of some mutations causing Duchenne muscular dystr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2796300 |
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