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George Blasse (born 28 August 1934) is a Dutch chemist. He was a professor of solid-state chemistry at Utrecht University for most of his career. Blasse was born on 28 August 1934 in Amsterdam. He studied chemistry at the University of Amsterdam. In 1964 he obtained his PhD under E.W. Gorter at Leiden University with a dissertation titled: "Chrystal chemistry and some magnetic properties of mixed metal oxides with spinel structure." From 1960 to 1970 Blasse was employed by the Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium. In 1970 he was appointed as professor of solid-state chemistry at Utrecht University. He retired in 1996. Blasse was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1982. In 1992 he was awarded the Academy's Gilles Holst Medal. Blasse is a member of the Academia Europaea. In 1996 he was made a Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50850022 |
Hallandian-Danopolonian event The was an orogeny and thermal event that affected Baltica in the Mesoproterozoic. The event metamorphosed pre-existing rocks and generated magmas that crystallized into granite. The has been suggested to be responsible for forming an east-west alignment of sedimentary basins hosting Jotnian sediments spanning from eastern Norway, to Lake Ladoga in Russia. The alignment of subsidence is thought to correspond to an ancient back-arc basin parallel to a subduction zone further south. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50850380 |
William M. Furnish William Madison Furnish (born August 17, 1912, in Tipton, Iowa, died November 9, 2007) was an American paleontologist. He taught at the University of Iowa. In 1938, he described the conodont genus "Acanthodus" from the Prairie du Chien (Lower Ordovician) beds of the upper Mississippi valley. In 1964, with Carl B. Rexroad, he described the conodont genus "Hindeodus" from the Pella Formation (Mississippian) of South-Central Iowa. He received the Pander Medal, awarded by the Pander Society, an informal organisation founded in 1967 for the promotion of the study of conodont palaeontology. The conodont genus name "Furnishina" Müller 1959 is a tribute to WM Furnish. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50858083 |
Elivagar Flumina is a network of river channels ranging from 23 km to 210 km in length in the region around the Menrva Crater of Titan. The channel system is at least 120 km wide and shows signs of erosion. At its mouth, an alluvial fan is present. The is interpreted as alluvial due to its closeness to fluvial valleys and as understood from the radar backscatter. Geomorphologic mapping of the Menrva region of Titan has yielded evidence for exogenic processes such as hydrocarbon fluid channelization (in other words flash floods) that are thought to have formed the Flumina network. The is named after the Élivágar, a group of poisonous ice rivers in Norse mythology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50863546 |
R bodies (from "refractile" bodies, also R-bodies) are polymeric protein inclusions formed inside the cytoplasm of bacteria. Initially discovered in kappa particles, bacterial endosymbionts of the ciliate "Paramecium", (and genes encoding them) have since been discovered in a variety of taxa. At neutral pH, type 51 resemble a coil of ribbon approximately 500 nm in diameter and approximately 400 nm deep. Encoded by a single operon containing four open reading frames, are formed from two small structural proteins, RebA and RebB. A third protein, RebC, is required for the covalent assembly of these two structural proteins into higher-molecular weight products, visualized as a ladder on an SDS-PAGE gel. At low pH, Type 51 undergo a dramatic structural rearrangement. Much like a paper yo-yo, the ribbon extends (from the center) to form hollow tube with pointed ends that can reach up to 20μm in length. Other types of from different bacterial species vary in their size, ribbon morphology, and triggers for extension. When kappa particles shed from a killer paramecium are ingested, extend within the acidic food vacuole of the predatory paramecium, distending and rupturing the membrane. This liberates the contents of the food vacuole into the cytoplasm of the paramecium. While feeding kappa particles to sensitive paramecium results in the death of paramecium, feeding purified or recombinantly expressed in "E. coli" is not toxic. Thus, are thought to function as a toxin delivery system. are also capable of rupturing "E | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50871925 |
R bodies coli" spheroplasts, demonstrating that they can rupture membranes in a foreign context, and they can be engineered to extend at a variety of different pH levels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50871925 |
Nadia Zakamska is a Russian-American astronomer who is a professor at Johns Hopkins University. Zakamska graduated from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology with a master's degree in theoretical physics in 2001. Zakamska then attended Princeton University for her PhD, which she received in 2005. Zakamska's research involves multi-wavelength work on Type II quasars. She also studies supermassive black holes and their role in galaxy formation. In addition, she studies extrasolar planets and extragalactic astronomy. Zakamska is a Sloan Fellow. In 2014, she received the American Astronomical Society's Newton Lacy Pierce Prize, which is awarded to recognize at least five years of outstanding achievement in observational astronomical research.. Early in her career she was awarded a Spitzer Fellowship in 2005 to conduct research on Quasars at the Institute for Advanced Studies. From 2008 to 2010 she was a John Bahcall Fellow also at the Institute for Advanced Studies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50885756 |
Raymond L. Ethington Raymond (Ray) Lindsay Ethington (born in 1929) is an American paleontologist. He works in the Geology department at the University of Missouri. He was one of the Chief Panderers of the Pander Society, an informal organisation founded in 1967 for the promotion of the study of conodont palaeontology. In 1983, with John E. Repetski, he described the conodont genus "Rossodus" In 2007, he received the Raymond C. Moore Medal awarded by the Society for Sedimentary Geology to persons who have made significant contributions in the field which have promoted the science of stratigraphy by research in paleontology and evolution and the use of fossils for interpretations of paleoecology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50900343 |
NGC 6120 CGCG 196-041, HOLM 739A, CGCG 1618.0+3754, PGC 057842, CGPG 1618.0+3754, UZC J161948.1+374628, MCG +06-36-029, FIRST J161948.0+374628, 2MASX J16194809+3746282, NVSS J161948+374628, 2MASXi J1619480+374627, [M98j] 251 NED01, IRAS 16180+3753, [SLK2004] 1229, IRAS F16180+3753, ISOSS 078 is a spiral galaxy located probably 135 million light years away from Earth. It is visible at coordinates of right ascension 16h 19m 48.1s and the declination of +37° 46′ 28″, in the constellation Corona Borealis. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50921451 |
Meiyu front The meiyu" front, also known as baiu" front, is a persistent nearly stationary weak baroclinic zone in the lower troposphere. It is located over the east coast of China and Taiwan at its western end, and over the Pacific Ocean south of Japan at its eastern end. The term "meiyu" ("mei-yu") is Chinese for "plum rains", pronounced "baiu" ("bai-u") in Japanese (). The "meiyu" front stretches from the Tibetan Plateau to Japan along a confluent jet stream that separates Arctic circulation to the north from tropical circulation to the south. During mid-spring to mid-summer, the upper circulation is typically west-east and the front is mostly stationary. Along this boundary, mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs) or mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) tend to form and propagate eastward, giving a series of heavy downpours. The system extracts moisture from the South China Sea and sometimes the Bay of Bengal. The low-level warm air is lifted by the low level jet on the equator side of the baroclinic zone. The deep vertical motion giving birth to organized MCCs/MCSs is especially strong when the low-level warm air enters the area situated beneath the jet entrance region aloft. Rainfall along this boundary tends to be particularly heavy in post-El Niño summers, such as the summer of 2016. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50925395 |
Central Geological Service In September, 2010, the geology stream of the Geological Survey of India (GSI), was constituted as 'the Ministry of Mines, Central Geological Service, Group ‘A’' and commonly referred as (CGS) (केन्द्रीय भूवैज्ञानिक सेवा). The (CGS) comes under Central Civil Services which is part of the Government of India. The (formerly Geology stream of GSI) was constituted as an Organized Group ‘A’ Service as per DOPT OM No. I-11019/12/2008-CRD dated 19/11/2009 by the Cadre Controlling Authorities. GSI is organized group 'A' service since 1982 as per DoPT O.M.No.5/12/79-PP-II dated 31.07.1982 and schedule -I. Its number of vacancies and details of the examination are notified on the website of UPSC (www.upsc.gov.in). The Officers of (CGS) are recruited by Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and posted to the Geological Survey of India (GSI). It is an esteemed geological organization officially formed in 1851 by British East India Company. It is a central government organisation in India working as an Attached Office to the Ministry of Mines, Government of India to carry out geological surveys, mineral exploration and allied studies. A CGS officer undergoes all India field-lab geological training for 10–11 months under the aegis of GSITI, Hyderabad followed by their first posting at State Units, Regions, specialized wings like RSAS, Marine, Coal and Glaciology etc. The performance of CGS officers is assessed through an Annual Performance Appraisal Report (APAR) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50934862 |
Central Geological Service The report is compiled annually and is initiated by the officers themselves, designated as the Reporting Officer, who lists out their achievements, completion of assigned activities and targets for the year. The report is then modified and commented by the Reviewing Officer, usually the superior of the Reviewing Officer. Reports submitted for CGS officers are forwarded by the Reviewing Officer to the Accepting Authority, who will conduct a final review of the report. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50934862 |
NGC 142 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by Frank Muller in 1886. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50955026 |
Conrado Varotto Conrado Franco Varotto (born 13 August 1941) is a physicist who is the former executive and technical director of the Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), Argentine space agency. Born in Brugine, Italy, he arrived in his childhood to Argentina where he received his doctorate in physics at the Instituto Balseiro (1968). He promoted the creation of INVAP, a technology company, as its first General and Technical Manager between 1976-1991. From January 1994 to May 2018 he served as the technical and executive director of CONAE. In 2018, he received the Houssay Career Award and was named Researcher of the Nation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50956845 |
26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (diamond) The 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ("26th Congress of the CPSU", ) is a 342.57 carat fancy lemon yellow raw diamond, the largest gem diamond ever found in Russia or the territory of the former Soviet Union, and one of the largest in the world as of 2016. It was mined at the Mir kimberlitic pipe (Yakutia, Far Eastern Federal District) on December 23, 1980, and named after the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, opening February 23, 1981. It is kept in the Russian Diamond Fund (Moscow Kremlin). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50961537 |
Alexander Pushkin (diamond) The Alexander Pushkin () is a 320.65 carat colorless raw diamond, the second largest gem diamond ever found in Russia or the territory of the former Soviet Union (after the 26th Congress of the CPSU), and one of the largest in the world as of 2016. It was mined at the Udachnaya kimberlitic pipe (Yakutia, Far Eastern Federal District) in December 1989 and named after the world-famous Russian writer Alexander Pushkin. It is kept in the Russian Diamond Fund (Moscow Kremlin). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50961831 |
Maurice Gilbert Perrot des Gozis (12 November 1851 – 11 April 1909, Montluçon) was a French entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. His collections are held by Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50971480 |
August Ahrens (1779, Walbeck – 28 November 1841, Hettstedt) was a German entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. Partial list | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50972055 |
Jean Louis Florent Polydore Roux (27 July 1792, Marseille -12 April 1833 , Bombay) was a French painter and naturalist. Jean-Louis-Florent-Polydore Roux was, from his childhood, interested in natural history and had a large insect collection. He was taught by Pierre André Latreille and Georges Cuvier at Académie des sciences de l'Institut de France in Paris and was in 1819 appointed curator of the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Marseille. He published "Catalogue d’insectes de Provence", 1820 a 2 volume work on birds "Ornithologie provençale", 1833 and "Crustacés de la Méditerranée et de son littoral",1828–30, which including 45 coloured plates, which he himself had made. He also published on molluscs "Iconographie conchyliologique", 1828.Marine painting was another of his occupations and a Roux family concern. Roux was a correspondent of Risso who in 1826 named the copepod "Pandarus rouxi" after him. In 1831 he joined Charles von Hügel, who was travelling for the Austrian government, on an excursion to Egypt and from there in 1832 to Bombay, where he later died of plague. A species of Indian lizard, "Monilesaurus rouxii", is named in his honour. It is also likely that the specific name of the longstriped blenny ("Parablennius rouxi") honours Roux. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50978057 |
Robert Edwards Carter Stearns (1 February 1827, Boston – 27 July 1909, Los Angeles) was an American conchologist. Robert Stearns was passionate about natural history in his youth. Later he specialised in conchology, especially that of the West Coast of the United States. He was a member of the Fisheries Commission (1882–1884) and Secretary of the University of California (Berkeley) (1874–1882). He became Assistant Curator of Molluscs at the National Museum of Natural History (1885–1892). Stearns married Mary Ann Libby on 28 March 1850. They had one child, a daughter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50987710 |
Comparison of DNA sequencing services This page lists the different DNA sequencing services. 2 main types can be distinguished: Whole exome sequencing is the middle ground between these two types, where a large amount of genes are sequenced, but only those that produce meaningful differences important for practical purposes, which is only 1% of the whole genome. Both allow people to detect the presence of hereditary diseases (and/or other imperfections) in their DNA, and (when WGS) is used, it even allows people to know the specifics of their hereditary diseases (and/or other imperfections). These specifics can be important, as in many cases, it's not a single gene that causes the disease, but rather a combination of genes. In some cases, the exact gene is not even known, but only the approximate location where the imperfect nucleotides are situated is known. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50992773 |
Molly R. Morris is an American behavioral ecologist who has worked with treefrogs and swordtail fishes in the areas of alternative reproductive tactics and sexual selection. Morris received a Bachelor of Arts from Earlham College and a PhD from Indiana University. As a National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellow at the University of Texas at Austin, her work with Mike Ryan demonstrated equal fitnesses between alternative reproductive tactics in a species of swordtail fish. She joined the faculty at Ohio University in 1997, where she is now a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences. She is also the Associate Editor for the journal "Behavior." Her publication credits include multiple papers on Animal behavior and Ecology"." Her current research relates to diabetes, as well as behavioral ecology, using the swordtail fish Xiphophorus as a model organism. Morris is married to Kevin de Queiroz, an evolutionary biologist at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=50995575 |
Paolo Lioy (31 July 1834, Vicenza – 27 January 1911, Vancimuglio di Grumolo delle Abbadesse) was an Italian naturalist, redshirt patriot and politician. After graduating from high school, Lioy studied law in Padua. In 1853 he demonstrated his childhood interest in the natural sciences, by taking part in the reorganization of collections of the natural history section of Museo naturalistico archeologico in Vicenza At this time he was also engaged in writing articles and political activism in favor of the unification of Italy. In 1857, he married the daughter of an officer of Bourbon, Giulia de Beaumont. In 1859 he published La vita nell'universo (Life in the universe), the first of his several popular science books and translated into French. From 1862 to 1869 he served as Secretary of the Accademia Olimpica di Vicenza. In 1864 he began excavations in the valleys around Arcugnano, looking for remains of prehistoric settlements, thus giving rise to a series of archaeological finds that continued in the next century, well after his death. Based on data collected in 1876 he published the book "Le abitazioni lacustri di Fimon" ( Fimon Lake dwellings), which had once again international resonance. From 1865 he also studied fossils from Monte Bolca. In 1866 because his involvement with Garibaldi the Austrian authorities forced him to leave. He moved to Milan along with other political refugees | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51002757 |
Paolo Lioy His exile lasted a few months, after which he returned to Vicenza where he was appointed Provveditorato agli studi and became a Deputy, although again only for a few months. He served as councillor from 1866 to 1902 and from 1867 to 1905 provincial Councillor. From 1870 he was elected to 6 consecutive legislatures, until 1888. In 1905 he was appointed senatore del Regno (Senator of the Kingdom). His scientific and literary activity continued despite political commitments, throughout his life, which ended in 1911. For his calling for a general audience and literary abilities, was nicknamed by his contemporaries "il poeta della natura" (the poet of nature). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51002757 |
Amandus Heinrich Christian Zietz (13 June 1840–2 August 1921) was a zoologist and paleontologist born in Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, and best known for his work at the South Australian Museum in Adelaide, after arriving in South Australia in 1883. He and his son Frederick Robert Zietz, also a zoologist, worked on preserving bones from a diprotodon skeleton. Along with E. C. Stirling, also at the South Australian museum, he undertook the direction of the first major palaeontology excavation at Lake Callabonna, where a large series of "Diprotodont" skeletal material was collected. Zietz was responsible for identifying a hitherto unknown species of shark from Investigator Strait, which became known as "Asymbolus vincenti", or Gulf catshark. He is buried in West Terrace Cemetery in Adelaide. His publications include: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51028770 |
Calcium triplet The infrared Ca II triplet, commonly known as the calcium triplet, is a triplet of three ionised calcium spectral lines at the wavelengths of 8498 Å, 8542 Å and 8662 Å. The triplet has a strong emission, and is most prominently observed in the absorption of spectral type G, K and M stars. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51030981 |
Coleman Townsend Robinson (12 January 1838 – 1 May 1872) was an American entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. He wrote Grote, A.R., & Robinson, C.T. 1867–1868. Descriptions of American Lepidoptera – Nos 1–3. "Transactions of the American Entomological Society" 1(1): 1–30; (2): 171–192, pl. 4; (4): 323–360, pl. 6, pl. 7 with Augustus Radcliffe Grote. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51040597 |
Chip budding is a grafting technique. A chip of wood containing a bud is cut out of scion with desirable properties (tasty fruit, pretty flowers, etc.). A similarly shaped chip is cut out of the rootstock, and the scion bud is placed in the cut, in such a way that the cambium layers match. The new bud is usually fixed in place using grafting tape. can be done in mid- to late summer, unlike most grafting which takes place in the early spring. Depending on sap flow, the bud may not begin growing until the following spring, though you can determine if the grafting succeeded before that by seeing whether the bud swells or shrivels. The next spring, all other shots than that from the scion bud are removed, which will then become the source for the new top of the plant. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51049784 |
Karen Koch (plant biologist) Karen Koch is a plant biologist in the horticultural science department in the University of Florida. She is a professor in the Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (PMCB) Program, Horticultural Sciences Department, and Genetics Institute at University of Florida. Koch's lab is best known for its research on sugar-responsive gene expression and the capacity for this process to alter form and function of plants. Sugar availability provides pivotal cues for adjustment of genes affecting C and N allocation in plants. Of all the nutrients and hormones involved, sucrose remains the “life blood” of plants. This sugar occupies a truly central position in vascular transport, carbon partitioning within the plant, and as a source of sugar signals for responsive genes. Her group thus focuses on genes that affect sucrose metabolism, its contribution to sugar signaling, and its partitioning to different end products. Particular attention is being directed toward maize kernel (fruit) development, cell-wall composition, and mechanisms of sugar transfer. Single-gene knockout mutants are being used to examine gene function. Current projects are testing hypotheses for carbon-partitioning and gene expression in developing maize ovaries from floral differentiation to kernel harvest, and for involvement of key genes in cell wall biosynthesis at strategic stages of development (e.g. root-hair and pollen-tube elongation, early phases of kernel differentiation, and growth of seedlings) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51050163 |
Karen Koch (plant biologist) Here are the list of publications from Koch's lab. Koch is the 2016 recipient of the Charles Reid Barnes Award, the American Society of Plant Biologists (ASPB)’s oldest award. According to ASPB 'Karen has excelled in research, in the training of students of plant biology, and in service to the Society. Her research on carbohydrate metabolism and sugar signaling is known internationally and her training of plant biology students is legendary.' Her work on carbon metabolism and the effects of sugars on gene expression was one of five 2012 fellows inducted by the ASPB organization. Koch’s “feast and famine” framework for regulating the expression of genes forms the basis for understanding the responses of plant organs to sugar signaling to optimize resource allocation. She served the group as an elected member of its Executive Committee and is the first Fellow of ASPB recipient from Florida. She was on the "Plant Physiology" editorial board from 1987 to 1993. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51050163 |
Dominique Bergmann Dominique C. Bergmann is a plant scientist with a specific focus on developmental biology and plant biology. Correspondingly, she is a professor of Biology at Stanford University and is in association with the Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Additionally, Bergmann is also an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. For the last several years she has been a Gordon and Betty Moore HHMI funded researcher. Bergmann was born and raised in east Pennsylvania, but she soon migrated West in order to pursue her dreams of studying developmental and plant biology at the University of California, Berkeley, where she completed her Bachelor of Arts in molecular and cellular biology, in 1993. After moving to University of Colorado Boulder, she began to study the development in C. elegans and later went on to graduate with a PhD in animal biology, in 2000. She quickly developed an interest in the science of "Arabidopsis" whilst working as a post-doc at the Carnegie Institution, Department of Plant Biology. Claiming that she was not a "young naturalist", Bergmann was much more interested in constructing things, exploding things and launching things into the air. After later becoming intrigued by the idea of Biology (Biochemistry in particular), she knew that she had uncovered the right balance between experimental accuracy and real-life effect, so she decided to take things further and study molecular genetics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51050351 |
Dominique Bergmann Focusing specifically on "Asymmetry, Fate and Renewal in Plant Development" , Bergmann uses the development of stomata as a model to study cell fate, the self renewal of stem cells and cell polarity in plants. Bergmann, along with her team (collectively known as "The Bergmann Lab"), use a large variety of genetic, genomic and imaging methods to inquire into different variations of cell development, and they are also examining gene expression in singular cells. Through their research, their goal is to uncover the differing elements in nature that ensure that cells can restore themselves and create utile final products. This specific work will help to shed light on how plants are capable of redirecting growth in the image of damage or environmental transformations. Bergmann won the American Society of Plant Biologists' Charles Schull Award in 2010. Also in 2010, Bergmann was an Obama-era recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers. and subsequently won a prize for it. She was also newly elected into the National Academy of Sciences in 2017. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51050351 |
Kukri Peneplain The is a near-horizontal and flat unconformity in the Transantarctic Mountains. The peneplain formed by erosion of the granitic and metamorphic basement rocks during the Paleozoic (Silurian to Devonian). dips gently to the west. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51053056 |
Aurora Green Diamond The is a vivid green diamond with VS2 clarity. In May 2016, the Aurora Green became the largest vivid green diamond to ever sell at auction. The record was previous held by a 2.54 carat Fancy Vivid Green VS1 diamond that was sold by Sotheby’s on November 17, 2009 for $1.22 million per carat according to the Diamond Investment & Intelligence Center. On May 31, 2016, the diamond, which was originally owned by Scarselli Diamonds was sold by Christie's for a record price per carat of $3.3 million to Chinese jewelry company Chow Tai Fook, totaling $16.8 million. – The largest Fancy Vivid Green Diamond ever to be offered at auction. – The most expensive Green Diamond in the world to be sold at auction. – The highest per carat price ever sold for any Green Diamond in the world at auction. – The most expensive Green Diamond to be sold in Asia. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51058214 |
Methyl green (CI 42585) is a cationic or positive charged stain, related to Ethyl Green, that has been used for staining DNA since the 19th century. It has been used for staining cell nuclei either as a part of the classical Unna-Pappenheim stain, or as a nuclear counterstain ever since.<br> In recent years, its fluorescent properties when bound to DNA have positioned it useful for far-red imaging of live cell nuclei. Fluorescent DNA staining is routinely used in cancer prognosis.<br> also emerges as an alternative stain for DNA in agarose gels, fluorometric assays and flow cytometry. It has also been shown that it can be used as an exclusion viability stain for cells. Its interaction with DNA has been shown to be non-intercalating, in other words not inserting itself into the DNA, but instead electrostatic with the DNA major groove. It is used in combination with pyronin in the methyl green–pyronin stain which stains and differentiates DNA and RNA. When excited at 244 or 388 nm in neutral aqueous solution, methyl green produces a fluorescent emission at 488 or 633 nm respectively. The presence or absence of DNA does not effect these fluorescence behaviors. When binding DNA under neutral aqueous conditions, methyl green also becomes fluorescent in the far red with an excitation maximum of 633 nm and an emission maximum of 677 nm.. Commercial preparations are often contaminated with Crystal violet. Crystal violet can be removed by chloroform extraction. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51066217 |
Wolfgang Karl Weyrauch (1907–1970) was a German-Peruvian malacologist and entomologist. Weyrauch was born on December 7, 1907, in Elberfeld, Germany. He received his PhD in Zoology in 1929 from the University of Berlin with a thesis on insect neurophysiology. From 1928 to 1929, he was an assistant of Richard Hesse, and from 1931 to 1943 he worked for the German Council of Scientific Research doing field studies in entomology and ecology. In 1938, he worked as an entomologist at the agricultural experimental station (Estación Agrícola de La Molina) in Lima, Peru. At the time of World War II, he moved to Texas, where he did field work in entomology and malacology. In 1946, he was at the Estación experimental Agrícola de Tingo María in Lima. From 1948 on, he worked for the Universidad Mayor de San Marcos in Lima as a Professor of zoology and Genetics at the Museo Nacional de Historia. In addition, he was from 1959 to 1961 Professor of agricultural zoology at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Lima. In 1962, he went to Argentina and became professor at the Instituto Miguel Lillo in Tucumán. He died of a heart attack in 1970. Weyrauch studied land and freshwater gastropods of South America, mainly taxa belonging to the families Camaenidae, Charopidae, Clausiliidae, Endodontidae, Helicinidae, “Hydrobiidae”, Orthalicidae, Pupillidae, Scolodontidae, Subulinidae, and Urocoptidae. He left behind many type specimens in museums, of which he published no original description. He was the author of 198 molluscan names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51067177 |
Wolfgang Karl Weyrauch The following gastropod species were named after Weyrauch: Also, a species of snake is named after Weyrauch: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51067177 |
Gilbert Klapper is a paleontologist. In 1971, with Graeme M. Philip, he described the conodont family Cryptotaxidae and the conodont genus "Cryptotaxis". In 1981, he described the conodont families Distomodontidae and Kockelellidae. He received the Pander Medal, an award from the Pander Society, an informal organisation founded in 1967 for the promotion of the study of conodont palaeontology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51070323 |
NGC 143 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered by Frank Muller in 1886. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51072693 |
Coastal Cliff of northern Chile The () stretches over a length of more than 1000 km along the Atacama Desert. It makes up a large part of the western boundary to the Chilean Coast Range in the regions of Tarapacá and Antofagasta, and Atacama. According to Roland Paskoff the modern cliff origined from a scarp retreat of a fault scarp, thus at present the cliff does not follow any fault. In some locations a series of coastal benches can be found below the cliff. Despite alternating uplift and subsidence of the continent at a decadal timescale the cliff and the whole western edge of the South American plate has faced a long-term uplift during the last 2.5 million years. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51075083 |
Dragon silk is a material created by Kraig Biocraft Laboratories of Ann Arbor, Michigan from genetically modified silkworms to create body armor. combines the elasticity and strength of spider silk. It has the tensile strength as high as 1.79 gigapascals (as much as 37%) and the elasticity above 38% exceeding the maximum reported features of the spider silk. It is reported that dragon silk is more flexible than the Monster silk and stronger than the "Big Red, recombinant spider silk designed for increased strength. has properties higher than that of any other fiber ever noticed. In comparison, Dragon silk's tensile strength is higher than the alloy steel(450-2000 MPa's). In a report it is said that the strength of is as high as 1.79 Gpa's which is 37% higher than the widely reported spider silk. Its tensile strength is higher than the "Big Red silk," which had been reported as the strongest fiber ever made. "Bid Red Silk" was developed in the same Laboratories as Dragon Silk. is far more flexible than Kevlar(the material used by US Army to develop body armor). Its flexibility is 38% higher than normal Spider silk and is noticeably more flexible than the ""Monster silk"" from the same lab. In percentage, Kevlar's flexibility is 3% and Dragon silk's flexibility is 30% to 40%. In 2010, the scientists discovered the first spider silk, which was a great achievement, as it is one of the strongest natural fiber | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51082660 |
Dragon silk But the problem was that spiders are cannibalistic and territorial, so it is impossible to create a cost-effective spider farm. To overcome this problem, scientists at Kraig Labs developed a method for making spider silk from silkworms. In 2011, Malcolm J. Fraser, Donald L. Jarvis and their colleagues published a study in which they describe how they remove silkworm silk making protein and replaced it with the spiders protein to built unique forms of silkworms, which they call "super silkworms", that can spin composite spider silk. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51082660 |
Dispersive medium A dispersive medium is a medium in which waves of different frequencies travel at different velocities. With electromagnetic radiation (e.g. light, radio waves), dispersion corresponds to a frequency-dependent variation in the index of refraction of the medium. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51084847 |
Bikanta is a startup biotech company that develops clinical products which focus on the detection of cancer through the insertion of fluorescent nanodiamonds. The company was founded in 2013 and is based in Berkeley, California. raised $120k in seed funding in 2014. In 2014, participated in the Y Combinator program and was one of four companies backed by Y Combinator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51087060 |
Ed Landing (born 10 August 1949 in Milwaukee) is an American geologist and paleontologist. As an undergraduate, Landing studied at the University of Wisconsin, where he gained his BSc, later attending graduate school at the University of Michigan, earning his MSc and PhD. He held post doctoral positions at University of Waterloo, Ontario; U. S. Geological Survey, Denver; and the University of Toronto. He then spent his career as a New York State paleontologist and curator of paleontology at the New York State Museum in Albany, where he became an emeritus in 2015. His field work in America and Canada (as well as in Mexico, Argentina, England, Wales, Germany, Morocco, Israel, Jordan, Siberia, south China) led to over 250 publications and 11 books that focus on the origin and precise uranium–lead dating (U-Pb) geochronology of the oldest metazoans, the biostratigraphy of the Early Paleozoic, recognition of ancient climate cycles and the proposal that high sea levels lead to heightened global warming (hyperwarming)(,) and reconstruction of Avalonia as a separate, unified continent by the terminal Ediacaran. He was a co-proposer of the Ediacaran-Cambrian global stratotype at Fortune Head, eastern Newfoundland, the lowest divisions of the Cambrian Period (the Terreneuvian Epoch and Fortunian Age), and recovered Earth's oldest bryozoan from rock sections in Oaxaca State, southern Mexico | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51093888 |
Ed Landing In June 2010, an article in the magazine "Geology" for which Landing was the lead author was noted for providing the first definitive proof that "all major animal groups with internal and external skeletons appeared in the Cambrian geological period (543–489 million years ago)." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51093888 |
NGC 6412 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is designated as SBc in the galaxy morphological classification scheme and was discovered by the British astronomer William Herschel on 12 December 1797. is located at about 76.6 away from earth.<ref name="NASA/IPAC"></ref> | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51113883 |
NGC 144 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus (the Whale). The galaxy was discovered in 1886 by Frank Muller. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51119464 |
Von Baeyer nomenclature The von Baeyer nomenclature is a system for describing polycyclic hydrocarbons. The system was originally developed in 1900 by Adolf von Baeyer for bicyclic systems and in 1913 expanded by Eduard Buchner and Wilhelm Weigand for tricyclic systems. The system has been adopted and extended by the IUPAC as part of its nomenclature for organic chemistry. The modern version has been extended to cover more cases of compounds including an arbitrary number of cycles, heterocyclic compounds and unsaturated compounds. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51119519 |
Denis Coulthard Graham Dr FRSE FRSC FIB FRSA (December 1929-12 October 2002) was a British biological chemist. He specialised in plant diseases and their treatment. He was born in Carlisle in December 1929. He went to Durham University graduating with a BSc. He then undertook postgraduate studies at the University of Edinburgh gaining a doctorate (PhD). He became Director of Agricultural Scientific Services in the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries within the Scottish Office. The University of Edinburgh granted him a second, honorary doctorate (DSc) while in this role. From the 1970s he lived in Caiystone Gardens in southern Edinburgh. In 1975 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Mary Noble. He died in Edinburgh on 12 October 2002. In 1968 he married Elizabeth (Betty) Fraser, a New Zealander. They had no children. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51123208 |
The End of Night (book) The End of Night: Searching for Natural Darkness in an Age of Artificial Light is a 2013 non-fiction book by Paul Bogard on the gradual disappearance, due to light pollution, of true darkness from the night skies of most people on the planet. Bogard examines the effects of this loss on human physical and mental health, society, and ecosystems, and how it might be mitigated. The book has been translated into Chinese, German, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish. Bogard's book is structured into nine chapters, roughly corresponding to the nine levels of the Bortle scale, which attempts to quantify the subjective brightness and suitability for astronomy of the sky in different environments. On his use of the scale, which was invented in 2001, Bogard has said, "one of the reasons why identifying different depths of darkness is so important is that we don’t recognize that we’re losing it, unless we have a name to recognize it by." Bogard begins at a Bortle level 9 environment, by the Luxor Sky Beam, the brightest spotlight on Earth, located on the Las Vegas Strip. He explores the nighttime landscapes of London and Paris, and examines the planning, or lack thereof, in each city's lighting. He visits locations throughout the continental US, as well as Florence, the Canary Islands, and the isle of Sark, in his quest to understand the nature of light pollution | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51130935 |
The End of Night (book) He experiences firsthand the deleterious effects of night shift work, talks with a former prison inmate about the psychological effects of uninterrupted light, and shares his own fear of the dark. Bogard ultimately finds a Bortle level 1 environment: an environment so perfectly free of stray light that the Milky Way casts noticeable shadows. Bogard argues against the long-held assumption of a correlation between bright light and reduced crime, citing research that finds no such link. Rather than suggesting a return to the completely unlit nights of centuries past, however, he argues for a careful consideration of where and how light is deployed, in order to provide sufficient nighttime illumination for safety, without creating glare and other unwanted effects. "Telegraph" reviewer Stephanie Cross wrote that "the appeal of Bogard’s book derives not just from his often wide-eyed enthusiasm for his subject, but also from the constellation of characters he encounters on his journeys into the night." In "The Guardian", novelist Salley Vickers wrote that "Bogard sets about his investigations with an energetic purposiveness and enterprise," but complained that "the book comes to seem a little thin, moving too rapidly from one chatty anecdotal meeting to another." "The Wall Street Journal" questioned Bogard's statements on the relationship between light and safety, and concluded ambivalently: ""The End of Night" delivers a forceful, if incomplete, critique of our overexposed world | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51130935 |
The End of Night (book) " The book was awarded the 2014 Nautilus Silver Award. It was named an Amazon Best Book of the Month and Nonfiction Editor's Pick for July 2013, and "Gizmodo" selected it as one of its Best Books of 2013. The book was shortlisted for the PEN/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award, and was a finalist for the Sigurd F. Olson Nature Writing Award. Born in northern Minnesota, Bogard is an assistant professor of English at James Madison University. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51130935 |
Magma ocean Magma oceans exist during periods of Earth's or any planet's accretion when the planet is completely or partly molten. In the early solar system, energy to melt objects came largely from the decay of radioactive aluminum-26. As planets grew larger, the energy was supplied from large or giant impacts. During its formation, the Earth likely suffered a series of magma oceans resulting from giant impacts, the final one being the Moon-forming impact. Magma oceans are integral parts of planetary formation as they facilitate formation of a core through metal segregation and an atmosphere and hydrosphere through degassing. Magma oceans may survive for millions to tens of millions of years, interspersed by relatively clement conditions. Magma oceans are widely accepted to have existed on Earth, and the best chemical evidence for them is the abundance of certain siderophile elements in the mantle that record magma ocean depths of approximately 1000 km during accretion. A magma ocean also occurred on the Moon during and following its formation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51138349 |
Donald L. Turcotte Donald Lawson Turcotte (born 22 April 1932) is an American geophysicist, most famous for his work on the boundary layer theory of mantle convection as part of the theory of plate tectonics. He works at the University of California, Davis. He has won awards including the Arthur L. Day Medal of the Geological Society of America, the William Bowie Medal and the Charles A. Whitten Medal of the American Geophysical Union. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. In 2008, the American Geophysical Union's Nonlinear Geophysics committee established the Award, which is given annually to one honoree "in recognition of outstanding dissertation research that contributes directly to nonlinear geophysics." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51138496 |
Richard J. O'Connell Richard John O'Connell (August 27, 1941 – April 2, 2015) was an American geophysicist working on the internal dynamics of the Earth and how they evolved over time and are observed at the surface. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from California Institute of Technology, and spent most of his further academic career at Harvard University. O'Connell received the Inge Lehmann Medal from American Geophysical Union in 2000, the Arthur L. Day Medal from Geological Society of America in 2001, and the Augustus Love Medal from the European Geosciences Union in 2008. He was a fellow of the American Geophysical Union, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and American Academy of Arts and Sciences. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51138529 |
August Schlickum (7 August 1867 in Winningen – 28 May 1946, Cologne) was a German schoolteacher and naturalist. Schlickum's father, Oskar Schlickum (1838–1869) and grandfather, Julius Schlickum (1804–1884) were both pharmacists and amateur botanists. Schlickum studied natural sciences and mathematics at the universities of Bonn, Zürich, Berlin and Marburg, receiving his teaching degree at the latter institution in 1893. Schlickum then served as an assistant under Arthur Meyer at the botanical institute in Marburg, followed by work as an instructor at schools in Aachen (1896) Essen (1897–98) and Düsseldorf (1898–99). From 1899 to 1932 he was a gymnasium teacher in Cologne. In addition to his duties as a teacher, he carried out research in the fields of geology, paleontology and botany. In collaboration with Wiesbaden physician Karl Touton, he participated in scientific investigations of the Rhineland and the Allgäu. He supplied Touton with many "Hieracium" specimens from the Rhine area and was instrumental in the naming of a number of taxa within the genus. The subspecific epithet of "schlickumianum" honors his name. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51141033 |
LEDA 89996 LEDA 89996, also known by its 2MASS designation 2MASS J04542829-6625280, is a spiral galaxy. It is located within the Dorado constellation and appears very close to the Large Magellanic Cloud. The galaxy was observed by the Hubble Telescope in 6 July 2015 and is similar in appearance to the Milky Way being spiral shaped with winding spiral arms. The darker patches between the arms is dust and gas. Lots of new stars form in this area making the spirals appear very bright. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51150873 |
BioViva is a Bainbridge Island, Washington-based biotechnology company researching treatments to slow the ageing process in humans. was founded in 2015. CEO Elizabeth Parrish appeared at WIRED Health 2017 in London to discuss BioViva's testing of gene therapies targeting hallmarks of the ageing process. She stated, "The company was built essentially to prove these therapies work or not. Remember is not a research organisation. We are taking things like gene therapies and using them like technology." Parrish's decision to be 'patient zero' and test the company's technology on herself in a personalized N=1 study has been both criticized and lauded. Dr. Lawrence Altman, author of "Who Goes First? The Story of Self-Experimentation in Medicine" has said, "N's of 1 have had their value through history, and will. But you're not going to license a drug based on an N-of-1." Her treatment, labelled as self-experimentation, was highly controversial. As the requirements to progress to human trials had not started, the US Food and Drug Administration did not authorize Parrish's experiments. Parrish traveled to Colombia for the treatments. Some have criticized BioViva's release of data claiming an extension of Parrish's leukocyte telomeres following her therapy, suggesting that the aforementioned extension is within the error change for telomere measurements. Dr | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51153357 |
BioViva Bradley Johnson, Associate Professor of Pathology and Lab Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania said, "Telomere length measurements typically have low precision, with variation in measurements of around 10 percent, which is in the range of the reported telomere lengthening apparently experienced by Elizabeth Parrish." Altering the genetic makeup of humans, or gene therapy, by lengthening telomeres has been described as dangerous, as the ageing process is poorly understood. The telomeres' function is to restrict the number of times a cell can divide (thereby multiplying) to suppress cancer. Duncan Baird, a professor of Cancer and Genetics at Cardiff University's School of Medicine states, "Meddling with a fundamentally important tumor-suppressive mechanism that has evolved in long-lived species like ours doesn't strike me as a particularly good idea." Timothy Caulfield, professor in the Faculty of Law and the School of Public Health at the University of Alberta, characterized BioViva's work as 'pseudoscience' and lacking scientific rigor. George M. Martin, Professor of Pathology at the University of Washington had agreed to be an adviser to the company, but resigned upon hearing about Parrish's self-experiments. Antonio Regalado, reporter for the MIT Technology Review states, "The experiment seems likely to be remembered as either a new low in medical quackery or, perhaps, the unlikely start of an era in which naive people receive genetic modifications not just to treat disease, but to reverse aging | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51153357 |
BioViva " BioViva's research interests are based on preclinical research of both the enzyme telomerase and inhibition of myostatin. Telomerase gene therapy utilizing an adeno-associated virus at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), has demonstrated several beneficial effects and an increase in median lifespan of up to 24% in mice. Discussing her team's research, Blasco stated in discussion with "The Scientist", "We demonstrated that "AAV9-Tert" gene therapy was sufficient to delay age-related pathologies and extend both median and maximum longevity in mice. Many pathologies were delayed, including cancer. Translating these results to human diseases (telomere syndromes or certain age-related diseases without effective treatments) may be of interest in the context of clinical trials approved by the corresponding regulatory agencies." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51153357 |
Doheny Eye Institute (Doheny Eye or DEI) established in 1947, is a nonprofit ophthalmic research institute. The doctors and scientists of undertake basic and clinical research, a role known as a physician-scientist. In 1944, Carrie Estelle Doheny, wife of the prominent Los Angeles oilman Edward L. Doheny, became blind in her left eye and began to suffer a progressive loss of sight in her right eye. The loss of vision inspired her to create and fund the organization named for her, the Estelle Doheny Eye Foundation, in 1947. The foundation was formed with the purpose of supporting “the conservation, improvement and restoration” of human eyesight. The Doheny Pavilion, at St. Vincent Medical Center in Los Angeles, opened to patients in 1956. Drs. A. Ray Irvine, Sr., and S. Rodman Irvine served as co-Medical Directors. Dr. A. Ray Irvine, Sr., served as the personal ophthalmologist of Carrie Estelle Doheny, as well of American entrepreneur Walt Disney. In 1966, USC invited the Estelle Doheny Eye Foundation Trustees to inspect an available parcel on the USC Health Sciences Campus, and negotiations to acquire the property began. In 1971, the Estelle Doheny Eye Foundation finalized its formal affiliation agreement with USC, and named William H. Spencer, MD, as its new Medical Director, forming what was then called the "Doheny Eye Institute", known since 2013 as the USC Eye Institute. In 1977, Stephen J | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51171186 |
Doheny Eye Institute Ryan became Medical Director and proposed the creation of the Doheny Eye Hospital, to serve as a new headquarters and provide clinical facilities for the ophthalmology faculty. The hospital was officially dedicated in 1985. In 1987, the Estelle Doheny Eye Foundation was renamed the Doheny Eye Institute, and a $32 million campaign was launched to build the building. Shortly thereafter, Stephen J. Ryan became President of the institute. In 1992, TV personality Gene Autry was honored as the first recipient of the institute's Doheny Award. The Doheny Retina Institute was established in 2001, followed by the Doheny Image Reading Center (DIRC) in 2003. In 2011, USC and the fell into a dispute over renovations, permits, and other matters related to the building, which led to litigation. Doheny and USC ended their relationship, and USC created a new entity called the USC Eye Institute for its department of ophthalmology. In December 2013 the entered into an exclusive, long-term affiliation agreement with the University of California Los Angeles, forming the "Doheny Eye Center UCLA". Ronald E. Smith had served as Chairman of Ophalmology at USC from 1995 to 2013, and left USC to follow Doheny, and became vice chair of the department at UCLA. By 1986 the institute ranked 4th in National Eye Institute support, behind research organizations Harvard, Johns Hopkins and Columbia University. Cumulative Awards from the National Eye Institute exceeded $44 million in 2015. has been ranked in the Top Ten by "U.S | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51171186 |
Doheny Eye Institute News & World Report" and in the Top Ten by "American Academy of Ophthalmology" since rankings began in 1993 and 1996, respectively. In 2016, Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes were ranked among the top 5 ophthalmology institutes in the United States by "U.S. News & World Report". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51171186 |
Tactoid Tactoids are liquid crystal microdomains nucleated in isotropic phases, which can be distinguished as spherical or spindle-shaped birefringent microdroplets under polarized light microscopy. Tactoids are a transition state between isotropic and macroscopic liquid crystalline phases. The first observation of tactoids was made by Zocher in 1925, when he studied the nematic phase formed in vanadium pentoxide sols. After that, tactoids have been found in the phase transition processes in many lyotropic liquid crystalline substances, such as tobacco mosaic virus, polypeptides, and cellulose nanocrystals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51179574 |
Doris Vickers (born 1980) is an Austrian archaeoastronomer and content manager for the Unesco "Portal to the Heritage of Astronomy". She was a global co-ordinator of the "Ancient Skies" project, along with Ruediger Schulz. The project began in 2006 aiming to create a knowledge base of human cultures and their knowledge of astronomy, with the vision "One Planet – One Mankind – One Sky – One Knowledgebase", and is "currently transferring the complete project to a new environment". In February 2016 she appeared on BBC Radio 4's "The Museum of Curiosity". Her hypothetical donation to this imaginary museum was a star clock. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51199037 |
Ernest Allard Ernest (e) Allard (1820 - 1900) was a French entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He is not to be confused with the Belgian entomologist Vincent Allard (1921-1994). Allard's collection was acquired by René Oberthür and is now held by Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, in Paris and Museum Koenig in Bonn. He was a Member of the Société entomologique de France. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51213082 |
Vladyslav Monchenko Vladyslav Ivanovych Monchenko () (2 April 1932 – 8 February 2016) was a Ukrainian zoologist and ecologist, a prolific copepodologist. He was a full professor and an Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The 3 genera and 9 species of crustaceans are named in honour of V. I. Monchenko. Moreover, in 2015 a minor land snail species from Madagascar, "Boucardicus monchenkoi", was named in honour of Prof. Monchenko, who collected its first known specimen during expedition in 1991. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51219483 |
Hans Gebien 4 October 1874, Horn, Hamburg- 9 October 1947, Großhansdorf) was a German entomologist who specialised in Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera). His collections are in Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, the Natural History Museum of Basel, and in Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano (both ex Museum G. Frey Tutzing). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51220368 |
NGC 7582 is a spiral galaxy of the Hubble type SB(s)ab in the constellation Grus. It has an angular size of 5.0' × 2.1' and an apparent magnitude of 11.37. It is about 70 million light years away from Earth and has a diameter of about 100,000 light years. The galaxy is classified as a Seyfert 2 galaxy, a type of active galaxy. This galaxy is in the upper middle west part of the virgo supercluster. The supermassive black hole at the core has a mass of . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51223451 |
Cilix (crater) Cilix is a small crater on Europa that serves as the reference point for the moon's system of longitude. The longitude of Cilix's center is defined as being 182° W, thus establishing the moon's prime meridian. Cilix is about 15 km in diameter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51224155 |
Beacon Pharmaceuticals Limited is a Bangladeshi pharmaceutical company that develops generic version of medications. Beacon manufactures more than 200 generic drugs and 65 oncology products. Beacon is the first company in Bangladesh to start export of cancer drugs. The company is exporting its products to Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America. Beacon is public limited company listed in Dhaka & Chittagong stock exchange. About 2000 people are working in this company. Beacon has introduced a number of global first generics. The company's commercially available products include velpatasvir/sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir/daclatasvir, osimertinib, crizotinib, daclatasvir, sofosbuvir, afatinib, axitinib, brigatinib, baricitinib, cabozantinib, dasatinib, neratinib, eltrombopag, ibrutinib, lenvatinib, palbociclib, regorafenib, tofacitinib, and trelagliptin. BEACON Medicare Limited(BML) is the exclusive global marketing & distribution partner of Limited. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51230956 |
Fundamentals of Biochemistry Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecular Level is a biochemistry textbook written by Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet and Charlotte W. Pratt. Published by John Wiley & Sons, it is a common undergraduate biochemistry textbook. As of 2016, the book has been published in 5 editions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51251453 |
Intra-arc basin In geology an intra-arc basin is a sedimentary basin that exists amidst a volcanic arc. Being located next to volcanoes intra-arc basins tend to host Volcano-sedimentary sequences. Cura-Mallín at the border of Chile and Argentina is an example of an intra-arc basin. Some Neoproterozoic clastic metasedimentary rocks in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt (CED) derived from bimodal volcanic sources appear to have been deposited in arc-related basins, including interarc or back-arc basins, intra-arc basins, and retro-arc basin of active continental margin. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51253915 |
Hexagonite is the red to pink, lilac to purple "manganoan" variety of tremolite. A rare amphibole, it can be transparent, translucent, and rarely opaque. is pleochroic, potentially displaying varying shades of blue, violet, purple, or red. It is also known as ""mangan-tremolite"", since the manganese imparts the mineral's unique colors. Pink, lilac, and purple are the most common colors. has been successfully faceted. Tremolite was discovered in 1789. Hexagonite, a varietal form of tremolite, has a Mohs hardness of 5.0-6.0. Like tremolite, it is a calcium magnesium silicate hydroxide with the formula: CaMg (SiO) (OH). The mineral was given the name, "hexagonite," because its crystal structure was believed at one time to be hexagonal. Since then, however, it has been found to be monoclinic. The mineral is found primarily in the Balmat-Edwards zinc district of Edwards, St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. It was also found in the Czech Republic in the Chýnov caves. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51266113 |
Victorium Victorium, originally named monium, is a mixture of gadolinium and terbium. In 1898, English chemist William Crookes reported his discovery of it in his inaugural address as president of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. He identified the new substance, based on an analysis of the unique phosphorescence and other ultraviolet-visible spectral phenomena, as a new chemical element, although this was later shown to be false. The name monium means "alone", because its spectral lines stood alone at the end of the ultraviolet spectrum. In 1899 Crookes renamed the purported element "victorium" in honor of Queen Victoria's recent diamond jubilee. He assigned it the symbol Vc. By 1905, however, French chemist Georges Urbain had proven that victorium was not a distinct element but rather an impurity of gadolinium. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51268849 |
Sunviridae is a family in the order "Mononegavirales". The family includes a single genus (Sunshinevirus), with a single species (Reptile sunshinevirus 1). The family was established in 2016 to taxonomically accommodate the Sunshine Coast virus (SunCV), previously referred to as "Sunshine virus", a novel virus discovered in Australian pythons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51270099 |
NGC 148 (also known as PGC 2035) is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Sculptor. It is about 40,000 light years across. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51293821 |
NGC 149 is a lenticular galaxy in the Andromeda constellation. It was discovered by Édouard Stephan on October 4, 1883. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51294019 |
Complex (geology) In geology, a complex is a unit of rocks composed of rocks of two or three of the following rock types: metamorphic, igneous or sedimentary. Complexes are lithodemic units (rock units that are not layered or stratigraphically bound) usually of regional extent. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51294229 |
NGC 154 is an elliptical galaxy in the Cetus constellation. The galaxy was discovered by Frederick William Herschel on November 27, 1785. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51295643 |
293T (or HEK 293T) is a human cell line, derived from the HEK 293 cell line, that expresses a mutant version of the SV40 large T antigen. It is very commonly used in biology for protein expression and production of recombinant retroviruses. was created in Michele Calos's lab at Stanford by stable transfection of the HEK 293 cell line with a plasmid encoding a temperature-sensitive mutant of the SV40 large T antigen; it was originally referred to as 293/"tsA1609neo". The first reference to the cell line as "293T" may be its use to create the BOSC23 packaging cell line for producing retroviral particles. The transfection used to create (involving plasmid pRSV-1609) conferred neomycin/G418 resistance and expression of the tsA1609 allele of SV40 large T antigen; this allele is fully active at 33 °C (its permissive temperature), has substantial function at 37 °C, and is inactive at 40 °C. is very efficiently transfectable with DNA (like its parent HEK 293). Due to the expression of SV40 large T antigen, transfected plasmid DNAs that carry the SV40 origin of replication can replicate in and will transiently maintain a high copy number; this can greatly increase the amount of recombinant protein or retrovirus that can be produced from the cells. The full genome sequences of three different isolates of have been determined. They are quite similar to each other but show detectable divergence from the parental HEK 293 cell line. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51299313 |
NGC 155 is a lenticular galaxy in the Cetus constellation. It was discovered on September 1, 1886, by Lewis A. Swift. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51301299 |
NGC 156 is a double star located in the Cetus constellation. It was discovered on 1882 by Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51301471 |
NGC 159 is a barred lenticular galaxy in the constellation Phoenix. The galaxy was discovered on October 28, 1834, by John Frederick William Herschel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51309385 |
NGC 160 is a spiral galaxy in the Andromeda constellation. It was discovered on December 5, 1785, by William Herschel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51309880 |
NGC 161 is a lenticular galaxy in the Cetus constellation. It was discovered on November 21, 1886, by Lewis A. Swift. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51310415 |
Nastulus Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh Nasṭūlus (or Basṭūlus) was a notable 10th-century astronomer and astrolabist. He is known for making the oldest surviving astrolabe, dated 927/928 AD. Another partially preserved astrolabe that bears his signature, "Made by Nasṭūlus in the year 315" of hijra (925 AD), contains the earliest known geographical list on an instrument. Very little is known about his life. His full name, based on a testimony given by a contemporary astronomer Abu Sa'id al-Sijzi, indicates that he was a Muslim. But some modern historians have suggested that his foreign last name may indicate that he was Greek or Nestorian. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51317367 |
Constantino Mpodozis Marin is a Chilean geologist known for his contributions to the economic geology, magmatic activity and tectonics of Chile. As of 2015 he was executive of Antofagasta Minerals. He has been a member of the Chilean Academy of Sciences since 2009. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51326471 |
Aristide Caradja (28 September 1861 – 29 May 1955) was a Romanian entomologist and lawyer. was born in 1861 to the Caradja family, nobles with Greek-Byzantine origins who had serves as dignitaries in the Ottoman Empire. His father died in 1887, whereupon Aristide moved to Romania. He did most of his work there. In 1893, Caradja published his first paper, which organized and discovered several butterflies in France and in his area. Between 1927–1939, he studied and collected butterflies in the Black Sea region and in China. In 1944, he donated his work and collection (known as the Lepidoptera collection) to the Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History. He was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy in 1948, soon after the communist regime came to power. He retired shortly thereafter and died in Bucharest in 1955. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51332586 |
Miha Tišler (September 18, 1926) is a professor of chemistry at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Tišler is the author of 50 books and monographs on heterocyclic chemistry, and has been awarded Knight of the Order of St. Gregorius the Great. was born in Ljubljana on September 18, 1926. In 1955 he was promoted to the University of Ljubljana as Professor of Chemistry. In 1977 he received the Kidrič Prize. From 1978 to 1980 he served as the president International Society of Heterocyclic Chemistry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51336490 |
Stodtmeister cell Stodtmeister cells are a sub-classification of neutrophils exhibiting a Pelger-Huet anomaly with a non-lobed nucleus that may appear round or oval shaped. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51336603 |
Susan Wijffels Susan Elizabeth Anne Wijffels (born 3 August 1965) is an Australian oceanographer employed by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI); she formerly worked from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Australia. Wijffels specialises in quantifying global ocean change over the past 50 years, including its anatomy and drivers. She is recognised for her international and national leadership of the Global Ocean Observing System. She is regarded as an expert in the Indonesian Throughflow and its role in global climate. Wijffels is a senior scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the Physical Oceanography department. Prior to joining WHOI, she worked at CSIRO. Wijffels, in collaboration with colleagues at NASA, identified and corrected systematic biases, discovered in 70% of measurements in the Global Ocean Observing System. This led to the observation that the world's oceans have both warmed and risen at an increased rate in the past four decades. Wijffels has received the Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society's Priestly Medal and the Australian Academy of Sciences’ Dorothy Hill award in recognition of her efforts to understand the role of the oceans in climate change. In 2011 Wijffels was inducted to the Tasmanian Honour Roll of Women for service to science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51337828 |
Menke nitration The is the nitration of electron rich aromatic compounds with cupric nitrate and acetic anhydride. The reaction introduces the nitro group predominantly in the ortho position to the activation group. The reaction is named after the Dutch chemist J.B. Menke. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51352141 |
Pisces B (Psc B) is a void dwarf galaxy. It is located in the Local Void, near Pisces A; and is in the Pisces constellation. It is 30 million light-years (9.2 megaparsecs) away from the Earth. The galaxy was discovered with the WIYN Observatory. About 100 million years ago, the galaxy started moving out of the void and into the local filament zone and denser gaseous environment. This sparked off a doubling of the rate of star formation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51365224 |
Pisces A (Psc A) is a void dwarf galaxy. It is located in the Local Void, near Pisces B; and is in the Pisces constellation. It is 18.4 million light-years (5.64 megaparsecs) away from Earth. The galaxy was discovered with the WIYN Observatory. About 100 million years ago, the galaxy started moving out of the void and into the local filament zone and denser gaseous environment. This sparked off a doubling of the rate of star formation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51365228 |
Group 13 hydride Group 13 hydrides are chemical compounds containing group 13-hydrogen bonds (elements of group 13: boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium). The simplest series has the chemical formula XH, with X representing any of the boron family. The great variety of boranes show a huge covalent cluster chemistry, but the heavier group 13 hydrides do not. Despite their formulae, however, they tend to form polymers. Alane is a strong reducing agent with octahedrally coordinated aluminium atoms. Gallane is even harder to synthesise and decomposes to gallium and hydrogen at room temperature. Indigane and thallane are too unstable to exist for any significant time when not coordinated. Simple MH group 13 hydrides have a trigonal planar molecular geometry. This is due to the sp hybridized center and vacant p-orbital, and contrasts with the trigonal pyramidal geometry of the pnictogen hydrides which are sp hybridized and contain a non-bonding lone pair of electrons. All group 13 hydrides have their hydrogen anions such as BH and AlH. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51382221 |
Earth System Dynamics is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. The journal publishes articles describing original research on the geology, climate change, and atmospheric science. According to the 2016 "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 4.589. The editors-in-chief are Somnath Baidya Roy, Axel Kleidon, Anders Levermann, Valerio Lucarini, and Ning Zeng. It uses open peer review system, where peer-review comments and replies are publicly available. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51385313 |
Phycotechnology refers to the technological applications of algae, both micro- and macroalgae. Algae is extremely useful in various fields. An example for natural phycotechnology is the converting of atmospheric nitrogen into bioaccessible nitrogenous compounds by diazotrophic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Species of cyanobacteria like "Nostoc", "Arthrospira" (Spirulina) and "Aphanizomenon" are used as food and feed due to their easy digestibility and nutrient content. Species of "Dunaliella" provide products like glycerol, carotenoids, and proteins. Algal-produced proteins can be biofactories for the production of therapeutic substances. Algae is also being used to assist in the remediation of pollution, to create bio-fuels, and as a bio-insecticide. Currently micro-algae are being exploited for environmental protection as the species of Chlorella, "Chlamydomonas", and "Scenedesmus" carry out selective uptake, accumulation and biodegradation of pollutants and thus help in remediation. They are used in biological reclamation of sewage since they can immobilize heavy metals from aquatic systems. Microalgae can be used as biocontrol agents like 'Insect' a commercial bio-insecticide sold in USA, prepared from the dead biomass of diatom frustules. Microalgae are of significant use in healthcare. Chlorellin from the green microalga "Chlorella" is an effective antibiotic against Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51388795 |
Phycotechnology Algae are an excellent feed stock for green fuel as they are used for the production of biodiesel, bioethanol, biogasoline, biomethanol, biobutanol, and recently biohydrogen. The full genome sequences of many species of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae have been used for evolutionary studies and the identification and comparison of the genes coding for specific proteins. Collections of cDNAs and ESTs also aid in genomic research by providing fast and inexpensive ways to discover new genes and their functions and map their positions on chromosomes. Many species of diatoms are used for synthesizing nanoparticles and are being explored for their use as drug delivery systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51388795 |
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