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Baykonurian glaciation The is a glacial episode dating to around the Proterozoic–Phanerozoic boundary—precise dates are difficult to constrain but has been proposed—and thus posited as a contributor to the Cambrian explosion. Its deposits are known in regions of Asia and Africa, and it apparently affected both palaeohemispheres. Glacial deposits possibly related to this glaciation have been found to be dated between 549 and 530 Ma. It is named for the Baykonur Formation in Central Asia. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52212788 |
Dimitris Tzanoudakis Professor Dr. (born 1950 in Greece) is a prominent Greek botanist. He studied biology at the University of Patras. He is currently employed as a Professor of plant taxonomy and biogeography, at the University of Patras. He has published on topics like cytogenetics, phylogenetics, taxonomy, conservation and geography of plants, with emphasis on the genera "Allium" and "Paeonia". The plant species "Allium tzanoudakisanum" is named after him. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52214710 |
NGC 347 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52221987 |
NGC 348 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Phoenix. It was discovered on October 3, 1834 by John Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, small, round." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52222031 |
Ferdinand Seidl (March 10, 1856December 1, 1942) was a Slovenian naturalist, and geologist. Seidl is considered the founder of Slovenian geology and geological terminology. He died in his native Novo Mesto, where a street bears his name ("Seidlova ulica"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52237028 |
NGC 349 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52240223 |
NGC 350 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52240272 |
Transboundary breed A transboundary breed is a breed which is present in several countries. Transboundary species of the five significant livestock types (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and chickens), have been developed for a hundred years or more in intensive manufacturing systems, which has led to global availability. A relatively small number of worldwide transboundary breeds compose the ever-increasing share of total global animal products. However, only in North America and the Southwest Pacific do the number of transboundary breeds surpass that of local breeds. There can be both regional and international types of transboundary breeds. Regional breeds are breeds that are reported to only be found in one "region", which may include several countries, and an international transboundary breed is one that is reported to be found in multiple regions. For example, the Holstein Fresian cattle is an international transboundary breed, because it is found in several different continents and regions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52240704 |
Cellulophaga is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial genus from the family of Flavobacteriaceae which occur in marine alga and beach mud. "Cellulophaga" species produce zeaxanthin. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52247921 |
Theophilus Houlbrooke Rev FRSE LLB (1745–1824) was a British minister remembered mainly as an amateur botanist. He served as President of the Liverpool Athenaeum from 1809 until 1813. He was born in Lichfield in Staffordshire in 1745. He was educated at Shrewsbury School. He trained as a minister at Cambridge University graduating LLB and was Ordained as a Deacon in Lincoln Cathedral in 1769, whilst also serving of Curate of the nearby church in Little Coates. From 1770 until 1784 he served as rector of the church in Stockton-on-Teme. Around 1785 he left the Church of England to join the Unitarians. In 1792 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh for his contributions to botany. His proposers were Sir James Hall, John Playfair and Andrew Coventry. In 1802 he was an invited guest at the opening of the new Botanic Garden in Liverpool under the Presidency of William Roscoe. He was placed on the Committee alongside other illustrious persons such as James Currie FRS. His will, of January 1824, is held by the National Archive at Kew. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52250813 |
NGC 351 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on November 10, 1885 by Lewis Swift. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, pretty small, northwestern of 2.", the other being NGC 353. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52253096 |
NGC 353 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on November 10, 1885 by Lewis Swift. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, pretty small, round, southeastern of 2.", the other being NGC 351. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52253123 |
NGC 354 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 24, 1881 by Édouard Stephan. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small, round, very small (faint) star involved, 14th magnitude star close to west." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52253163 |
NGC 355 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, very small." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52253185 |
NGC 356 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 27, 1864 by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, small, irregularly round." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52263686 |
NGC 357 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 10, 1785 by William Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, small, irregularly round, suddenly brighter middle, 14th magnitude star 20 arcsec to northeast." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52264448 |
Vincent McBrierty Vincent J. McBrierty, a Knight of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George, is an Irish academician, author, educator, physicist, and researcher. An alumnus of St. Mary's Christian Brothers' Grammar School, Belfast, he attended Queen's University Belfast BSc(1962), University in London PhD(1965) and Trinity College Dublin ScD (1979). He began teaching at Trinity College Dublin in 1967, and where he is now Fellow Emeritus, Physics. McBrierty was the first catholic on the academic staff of the physics department in trinity and has served as a Professor, Dean, and Bursar at the College. McBrierty specializes in Irrigation and Water Management and Soil and Environmental sciences. He co-authored "The World in Crisis: the Response of the Church" (with Fr. Gerry O'Hanlon S.J.), The Furrow. Vol. 63, No. 9 (September 2012), pp. 391–400. Prof. McBrierty was elected a member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1983. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52266408 |
Kekerengu Fault The is an active dextral (right lateral) strike-slip fault in the northeastern part of South Island, New Zealand. It is closely associated with the Hope Fault and Jordan Thrust at its south-easternmost edge and likely joins with the Clarence Fault to form the Wairarapa Fault offshore in Cook Strait. Early investigations immediately following the 14 November 2016 Kaikoura earthquake indicate that up to of motion may have occurred on the during the 7.8 magnitude quake. During this earthquake the offshore continuation of the to the north east, known as the Needles Fault, ruptured as well. NIWA marine geologist Dr Philip Barnes said the length of the Kekerengu–Needles Fault rupture may extend for about , consisting of on land and under the sea. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52273414 |
Aperture Photometry Tool (APT) is software with a graphical user interface for computing aperture photometry on astronomical imagery. Image overlays, graphical representations, statistics, models, options and controls for aperture-photometry calculations are brought together into a single package. The software also can be utilized as a FITS-image viewer. APT is executed on desktop and laptop computers, and is free of charge under a license that limits its use to astronomical research and education. The software may be downloaded from its official website, and requires the Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the user's computer. The initial version of APT was released on November 2, 2007. The latest version is APT, v. 2.8.2, released on April 29, 2019. The software was developed by Dr. Russ Laher, a member of the professional staff at the Spitzer Science Center, part of the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) at the California Institute of Technology. A paper on APT was published in July 2012 in the journal "Publications of the Astronomy Society of the Pacific". A companion paper compares the performance of APT vs. SExtractor, an established command-line software program for aperture photometry. Aperture geometry, size, and location in the image are important parameters in aperture photometry. APT allows circular and elliptical shapes for apertures and sky annuli (the latter are used for background estimation). The rotation can be controlled in the case of an ellipse | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52277349 |
Aperture Photometry Tool The sky annulus will have the same shape as the aperture, but with larger inner and outer radii than the aperture. Although there is no hard limitation on the size, it is practically limited by the software's response time in the calculation for a large aperture and sky annulus, and the tool for the user to interactively specify the size parameters includes a subimage that is only about 80 pixels on a side (at this time). The aperture is placed on the desired image location with a mouse click. Options to allow minor adjustments of the aperture position via centroiding are available. APT also has pixel-zapping functionality, which can be used to temporarily set the value of select pixels to NaN (not a number), effectively removing them from the aperture-photometry calculations. For aperture photometry on an astronomical image, it is often useful to know the sky coordinates of an image pixel. APT computes and displays sky coordinates if keywords that define a World Coordinate System (WCS) are present in the header of the FITS-image file. APT handles the commonly used tangent or gnomonic projection (TAN, TPV, and SIP subtypes), as well as the sine (a.k.a. orthographic), Cartesian, and Aitoff projections(the latter is probably only useful for display purposes). Recent updates to APT include the ability to read FITS image files which use a Pixel Coordinate matrix (PCM), such as that used by the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52277349 |
Aperture Photometry Tool APT calculates geometric image distortion only for the tangent projection at this time. Two distortion conventions are supported, which are the two major methods employed in modern astronomy. The SIPconvention is applied for images with CTYPE1 = 'RA---TAN-SIP' and CTYPE2 = 'DEC—TAN-SIP'. In the absence of SIP keywords, APT will attempt to read in and apply any PV distortion keywords in the FITS header for images with either CTYPE1 = 'RA---TAN' and CTYPE2 = 'DEC—TAN' or with CTYPE1 = 'RA---TPV' and CTYPE2 = 'DEC—TPV'. APT computes SIP distortion up to ninth polynomial order and PV distortion up to seventh polynomial order. APT is written in the Java computing language. The latest APT version was built with the JDK 1.6.0_65 on a Mac laptop running OS X Yosemite 10.10.5. Generally, APT can be executed with JRE versions greater than 1.6, since Java is "forward-compatible"; however, on some machines, later Java versions might give a "Surface not cacheable error", in which case trying a different Java version is the recommended workaround (at this time). On Macs, Java 1.6 (or so-called legacy Java 6) is required for APT to run as a double-click application (and APT might not work as a double-click application on some later versions of OS X), but APT generally works with higher versions of Java on the Mac if the wrapper script APT.csh is executed from a terminal window to start APT running. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52277349 |
Peak ring (crater) A peak ring crater is a type of complex crater, which is different from a multi-ringed basin or central-peak crater. A central peak is not seen; instead, a roughly circular ring or plateau, possibly discontinuous, surrounds the crater's center, with the crater rim still farther out from the center. The rings form by different processes, and inner rings may not be formed by the same processes as outer rings. Peak rings have long been viewed to form in the stage subsequent to central peak formation in craters. The central peaks of craters are believed to originate from hydrodynamic flow of material lifted by inward-collapsing crater walls, while impact-shattered rock debris is briefly turned to fluid by strong vibrations that develop during crater formation. The peak-ring structure of Chicxulub crater was probably formed as inward-collapsing material impacted the over-steepened central peak, to form a hydraulic jump at the location where the peak ring was located. Other theories have been formulated. Perhaps, in the case of Chicxulub crater, an over-high central peak collapsed into the peak ring. Chicxulub is Earth's only crater to have an intact peak ring structure. More ideas are available. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52315675 |
NGC 359 is an elliptical galaxy located approximately 238 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 2, 1864, by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, very small." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52319469 |
NGC 360 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 103 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Tucana. It was discovered on 2 November, 1834 by John Herschel. Dreyer, creator of the New General Catalogue described the object as "extremely faint, very much extended 145°, very little brighter middle." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52319524 |
Diffusion chronometry is a geological technique that examines the boundaries between layers of deposition in crystal grains. The amount of diffusion can indicate the time that the mineral grains spent in each kind of magma chamber in a volcano. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52326524 |
NGC 361 is an open cluster in the Small Magellanic Cloud. It is located in the constellation Tucana. It was discovered on September 6, 1826 by James Dunlop. It was described by Dreyer as "very very faint, pretty large, very little extended, very gradually brighter middle." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52329285 |
Solenocyte In biology, solenocytes are flagellated cells associated with excretion, osmoregulation and ionoregulation in many animals and in some chordates under the sub-phylum Cephalochordata. These are the cells which form subtypes of protonephridium along with the other type i.e. flame cells. Flame cells can be distinguished from solenocytes as the former is usually ciliated whereas the latter is flagellated. An example of organisms in which excretion is performed by solenocytic protonephridia is the genus "Branchiostoma." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52335682 |
NGC 3274 is a relatively faint spiral galaxy discovered by Wilhelm Herschel in 1783, and is located over 20 million light-years away in the constellation of Leo. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52351735 |
Virgo I is an extremely faint satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. It was discovered in the Subaru Strategic Survey. has an absolute visual magnitude of -0.8 making it the least luminous galaxy confirmed thus far. The galaxy has a radius of 124 light years, (half light radius 38 pc) meaning that it is too big to be a globular cluster. Cetus II is dimmer, but too small to be classed as a galaxy. is dimmer than Segue I, the previous dimmest known. The distance to is . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52374466 |
NGC 363 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on November 28, 1885 by Francis Leavenworth. It was described by Dreyer as "extremely faint, extremely small, round." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52378317 |
NGC 364 is a barred lenticular galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on September 2, 1864 by Albert Marth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52378331 |
NGC 365 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on November 25, 1834 by John Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, small, round, gradually a little brighter middle." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52378344 |
NGC 378 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on September 28, 1834 by John Herschel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52390344 |
NGC 777 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Triangulum. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 12, 1784. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52391129 |
NGC 367 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52391988 |
NGC 368 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Phoenix. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 5, 1834. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52394883 |
NGC 369 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 9, 1885 by Francis Leavenworth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small, round, gradually brighter middle." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52395806 |
NGC 370 is a triple star located in the constellation Pisces. It was recorded on October 7, 1861 by Heinrich d'Arrest. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, 13th magnitude star 15 arcsec to south, diffuse." However, there is nothing there. It is now presumed to be either a lost or "non-existent" object, although it is possible it could be a duplication of NGC 372. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52395851 |
Stercomata are pellets of waste material accumulated in some species of foraminifera and testate amoebae. The pellets consist largely of clay minerals and are believed to be derived from ingested sediment, indicating that the stercomata-bearing foraminifera are filter-feeders, although it is possible that they may capture suspended particles. In certain species the stercomata are enveloped in sheet-like formations of protoplasm. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52399962 |
NGC 403 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation of Pisces. It was discovered on August 29, 1862 by Heinrich d'Arrest. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52405478 |
Ching-Yao Fong () is a physicist and a Distinguished Professor at the University of California, Davis, and also a published author. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, Institute of Physics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52406268 |
NGC 372 is a triple star located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on December 12, 1876 by Dreyer, who described it as "stellar, much brighter middle, mottled but not resolved." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52418330 |
Cosimo Alessandro Collini (Florence 14 October 1727-Mannheim, 21 March 1806) was an Italian historian and Voltaire's secretary from 1752 to 1756. Born into a noble family, he studied law and met Voltaire in Berlin in 1750 and was taken on as his secretary in April 1752. When Voltaire left the service of Frederick the Great Collini accompanied him, and was confined with him and Madame Denis on Frederick's orders for three weeks in Frankfurt. In 1755 the young Jean-Louis Wagnière was made his assistant, and just over a year later, took Collini's place when he was dismissed from Voltaire's service for insulting Madame Denis. He then entered the service of Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria as his private secretary and historiographer. In 1763 he became a member of the Palatine Academy of Sciences and director of the Mannheim Cabinet of Natural History. In 1764 he was the first person to describe the pterosaur that Georges Cuvier went on the identify, seventeen years later, as a flying reptile. In his later years, he denounced the fanaticism of the French revolutionary wars and in 1799 he defended the collections in his cabinet from destruction, and managed to have them transferred, four years later, to Munich. A street in Mannheim is named after him, as is the Collini-Center development in the city. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52425057 |
NGC 373 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on December 12, 1876 by Dreyer. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52431411 |
NGC 374 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 7, 1861 by Heinrich d'Arrest. It was described by Dreyer as "faint, small, between two 15th magnitude stars." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52431432 |
NGC 375 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on September 12, 1784 by William Herschel. It was described by Dreyer as "pretty faint, small, round, brighter middle." Along with galaxies NGC 379, NGC 380, NGC 382, NGC 383, NGC 384, NGC 385, NGC 386, NGC 387 and NGC 388, forms a galaxy cluster called Arp 331. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52431476 |
NGC 376 is a young open cluster of stars in the southern constellation of Tucana. It was discovered on September 2, 1826 by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. Dreyer, a Danish/British astronomer, described it as a "globular cluster, bright, small, round." It is irregular in form, with a central spike. The cluster is located in the eastern extension of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), a nearby dwarf galaxy. It may have already lost 90% of its original mass and is in the process of dissolving into the SMC. As a result it has achieved a relatively low concentration of stars and is no longer in dynamic equilibrium. The cluster is about 28 million years old and contains ~3,400 times the mass of the Sun. It has a core radius of and a tidal radius of . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52431501 |
Medivir is a Swedish biotech company. focuses its research focus on oncology and particularly on innovative pharmaceuticals that meet substantial unmet medical needs. The pharmaceutical development work is conducted both in-house and through partnerships, usually with global pharmaceutical companies. has a leading expertise in the design of protease inhibitors and in the science of nucleotides and nucleosides. is listed on the Nasdaq Stockholm Mid Cap List. In February 2020, announced that the company has signed a licensing agreement for Xerclear with Chinese company Shijiazhuang Yuanmai Biotechnology Co Ltd (SYB). The agreement gives SYB the right to register, manufacture and market the product in China. In 2016 announced that it would focus its research on cancers of high unmet medical need, where existing therapies are not very successful and there is a great opportunity to provide real benefit to patients who have few treatment options. Some cancer types of particular interest to include hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and pancreatic cancer, which are all highly aggressive diseases with poor treatment options and very low overall survival rates on the best current treatments today. HCC is a liver cancer derived from hepatocyte cells. HCC is one of the most common cancers worldwide and late stage HCC has a mean overall survival of only 9–11 months on the best available treatment today | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52440500 |
Medivir motivated the transition from its origin in retroviral drugs to oncology by it being a logical extension of their expertise in liver disease from earlier work on hepatitis C to this area. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52440500 |
Zhang Benren (; 28 May 1929 – 1 November 2016) was a Chinese geochemist. Born on 28 May 1929 in Huaiyuan County, Anhui, Zhang studied geology at Nanjing University, graduating in 1952. He then earned a degree from the Beijing Institute of Geology in 1956 and later became a faculty member. Zhang was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1999 and received the State Natural Science Award. Zhang died at the age of 87 in 2016. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52440533 |
NGC 1003 is a spiral galaxy located in the Perseus constellation about 28 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by the German-British astronomer William Herschel in 1784. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52443218 |
Hortensia diamond The was mined in India and is one of the Golconda Diamonds. It was purchased by King Louis XIV of France in 1643 and was in his custody until 1715. It is a 20 carat pentagonal diamond. Currently it is part of the French Crown Jewels. It was stolen twice during the French revolution and from the custody of the Ministry of Marine. Hortensia is display at the Galerie d'Apollon of the Louvre museum in Paris. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52450645 |
Estuarine turbidity maximum An estuarine turbidity maximum, or ETM, is the zone of highest turbidity resulting from turbulent resuspension of sediment and flocculation of particulate matter in an estuary. The turbulence is driven by tidal forces, waves, and density-drive currents that push a salt wedge upstream and beneath outflowing freshwater discharge. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52458762 |
Kodi Ravichandran Kodimangalam S. Ravichandran is the chair of the Department of Microbiology at the University of Virginia School of Medicine and director of the UVA Center for Cell Clearance. He studies apoptosis in relation to many models of human disease. He received a BVSc in Veterinary Medicine from Madras Veterinary College in India, followed by a PhD in Molecular and Cell Biology from the University of Massachusetts and did a postdoc in immunology at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Before joining the faculty at UVA in 1996, he worked as an instructor at Harvard Medical School. As of 2016, he has published more than 100 papers, with more than 10 in Nature. He received the Governor's Award for Science Innovation in 2011. In 2016, he won the Odysseus 1 Award from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) in Belgium, which provided over $8 million in funding for establishing a lab at Ghent University’s Vlaams Institute for Biotechnology. He will split his time between the two institutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52495758 |
Sulphide Indole Motility medium Sulphide Indole Motility (SIM) medium is a bacterial growth medium which tests for the ability to reduce sulfates, the ability to produce indoles, and motility. This combination of challenges in one mixture is convenient and commercially available in stab tubes. Inoculated needles are then punctured into the culture and incubated, if the culture becomes cloudy the bacteria were able to infiltrate the media and survive. This method is particularly useful for pathogenic bacteria which are dangerous to handle on wet mount slides | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52506202 |
Acidicapsa is a bacterial genus from the family of Acidobacteriaceae. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52514550 |
Acidicapsa borealis is a Gram-negative, short rods and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Acidicapsa which has been isolated from sphagnum peat from the Tver Region in Russia. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52514644 |
Acidicapsa ligni is a Gram-negative, short rods and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Acidicapsa which has been isolated from decaying wood from a broadleaf forest in Netherlands. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52514671 |
Phylotype In taxonomy, a phylotype is an observed similarity used to classify a group of organisms by their phenetic relationship. This phenetic similarity, particularly in the case of asexual organisms, may reflect the evolutionary relationships. The term is rank-neutral, so that phylotypes can be described at different levels, such as species, class, 97% genetic similarity, or homology. The term is often used in microbiology, since the genomes of prokaryotes, which freely exchange genetic material, do not lend themselves to classification via Linnean taxonomy as easily as do many eukaryotes such as plant and animals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52518175 |
Acidipila is a bacterial genus from the family of Acidobacteriaceae. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52518618 |
Acidipila dinghuensis is a chemoorganotrophic, aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Acidipila which has been isolated from the forest of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve in the Guangdong Province in China. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52518750 |
Acidipila rosea is a Gram-negative, chemoorganotrophic, acidophilic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Acidipila which has been isolated from an acid mine drainage. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52518811 |
Surface tension biomimetics Surface tension is one of the areas of interest in biomimetics research. Surface tension forces will only begin to dominate gravitational forces below length scales on the order of the fluid's capillary length, which for water is about 2 millimeters. Because of this scaling, biomimetic devices that utilize surface tension will generally be very small, however there are many ways in which such devices could be used. A is well known for its ability to repel water and self-clean. Yuan and his colleagues fabricated a negative mold of alotus leaf from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to capture the tiny integral for the leaf's ability to repel water, known as the lotus effect. The lotus leaf's surface was then replicated by allowing a copper sheet to flow into the negative mold with the assistance of ferric chloride and pressure. The result was a lotus leaf-like surface inherent on the copper sheet. Static water contact angle measurements of the biomimetic surface were taken to be 132° after etching the copper and 153° after a stearic acid surface treatment to mimic the lotus leaf's waxy coating. A surface that mimics the lotus leaf could have numerous applications by providing water repellent outdoor gear. Various species of floating fern are able to sustain a liquid-solid barrier of air between the fern and the surrounding water when they are submerged. Like the lotus leaf, floating fern species have tiny hierarchical structures that prevent water from wetting the plant surface | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52520385 |
Surface tension biomimetics Mayser and Barthlott demonstrated this ability by submerging different species of the floating fern salvinia in water inside a pressure vessel to study how the air barrier between the leaf and surrounding water react to changes in pressure that would be similar to those experienced by the hull of a ship. Much other research is ongoing using these hierarchical structures in coatings on ship hulls to reduce viscous drag effects. A lung is composed of many small sacks called alveoli that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse in and out of the blood respectively as the blood is passed through small capillaries that surround these alveoli. Surface tension is exploited by alveoli by means of a surfactant that is produced by one of the cells and released to lower the surface tension of the fluid coating the inside of the alveoli to prevent these sacks from collapsing. Huh and his fellow researchers created a lung mimic that replicated the function of native alveolar cells. An extracellular matrix of gel, human alveolar epithelial cells, and human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were cultured on a polydimethylsiloxane membrane that was bound in a flexible vacuum diaphragm. Pressurization cycles of the vacuum diaphragm, which simulated breathing, showed similar form and function to an actual lung. The type II cells were also shown to emit the same surfactant that lowered the surface tension of the fluid coating the lung mimic | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52520385 |
Surface tension biomimetics This research will hopefully some day lead to the creation of lungs that could be grown for patients that need to have a transplant or repair performed. Microvelia exploit surface tension by creating a surface tension gradient that propels them forward by releasing a surfactant behind them through a tongue-like protrusion. Biomimetic engineering was used in a creative and fun way to make and edible cocktail boat that mimicked the ability of microvelia to propel themselves on the surface of water by means of a phenomenon called the marangoni effect. Burton and her colleagues used 3D printing to make small plastic boats that released different types of alcohol behind the boat to lower the surface tension and create a surface tension gradient that propelled each boat. This type of propulsion could one day be used to make sea vessels more efficient. Fern sporangia consist of hygroscopic ribs that protrude from a spine on the part of the plant that encapsulate spores in a sack (). A capillary bridge is formed when water condenses on to the surface of these spines. When this water evaporates, surface tension forces between each rib cause the spine to retract and rip open the sack, spilling the spores. Borno and her fellow researchers fabricated a biomimetic device from polydimethylsiloxane using standard photolithography techniques. The devices used the same hygroscopic ribs and spine that resemble fern sporangia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52520385 |
Surface tension biomimetics The researchers varied the dimensions and spacing of the features of the device and were able to fine-tune and predict movements of the device as a whole in hopes of using a similar device as a microactuator that can perform functions using free energy from a humid atmosphere. A leaf beetle has an incredible ability to adhere to dry surfaces by using numerous capillary bridges between the tiny hair-like setae on its feet. Vogel and Steen noted this and designed and constructed a switchable wet adhesion mechanism that mimics this ability. They used standard photolithography techniques to fabricate a switchable adhesion gripper that used a pump driven by electro-osmosis to create many capillary bridges that would hold on to just about any surface. The leaf beetle can also reverse this effect by trapping air bubbles between its setae to walk on wet surfaces or under water. This effect was demonstrated by Hosoda and Gorb when they constructed a biomimetic surface that could adhere objects to surfaces under water. Using this technology could help to create autonomous robots that would be able to explore treacherous terrain that is otherwise too dangerous to explore. Various life forms found in nature exploit surface tension in different ways. Hu and his colleagues looked at a few examples to create devices that mimic the abilities of their natural counterparts to walk on water, jump off the liquid interface, and climb menisci. Two such devices were a rendition of the water strider | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52520385 |
Surface tension biomimetics Both devices mimicked the form and function of a water strider by incorporating a rowing motion of one pair of legs to propel the device, however one was powered with elastic energy and the other was powered by electrical energy. This research compared the various biomimetic devices to their natural counterparts by showing the difference between many physical and dimensionless parameters. This research could one day lead to small, energy efficient water walking robots that could be used to clean up spills in waterways. The Stenocara beetle, a native of the Namib Desert has a unique structure on its body that allows it to capture water from a humid atmosphere. In the Namib Desert, rain is not a very common occurrence, but on some mornings a dense fog will roll over the desert. The stenocara beetle uses tiny raised hydrophilic spots on its hydrophobic body to collect water droplets from the fog. Once these droplets are large enough, they can detach from these spots and roll down the beetle's back and into its mouth. Garrod et al. has demonstrated a biomimetic surface that was created using standard photolithography and plasma etching to create hydrophilic spots on a hydrophobic substrate for water collection. The optimal sizing and spacing of these spots that allowed the most water to be collected was similar to the spacing of the spots on the body of the stenocara beetle | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52520385 |
Surface tension biomimetics Currently, this surface technology is being studied to implement as a coating on the inside of a water bottle the will allow the water bottle to self fill if left open in a humid environment, and could help to provide aid where water is scarce. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52520385 |
Winmostar is a molecular modelling and visualisation software program that computes quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics, and solid physics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52525066 |
NGC 382 is an elliptical galaxy located in Pisces constellation discovered by William Parsons 4 November 1850 . is in a group of galaxies with galaxies NGC 375, NGC 379, NGC 380, NGC 383, NGC 384, NGC 385, NGC 386, NGC 387 and NGC 388. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52530567 |
David A. Lewis is an American psychiatrist and neuroscientist, currently a Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Thomas Detre Professor of Academic Psychiatry and also Director of Conte Center for Translational Mental Health Research at University of Pittsburgh. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52551941 |
Anil Kumar Singh (chemist) Anil Kumar Singh is an Indian professor of chemistry at Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. In 2011-2014 he was Vice-chancellor of the University of Allahabad, having held the same post at Bundelkhand University in 2007. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52554681 |
Anthony Sclafani (born 1944) is an American neuroscientist, currently a Distinguished Professor at City University of New York. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52562215 |
Xavier Barcons Jáuregui is a Spanish physicist and astronomer appointed as ESO director general from 1 September 2017. On 29 May 2018, the asteroid 327943 Xavierbarcons was named in his honor. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52563356 |
UGC 12158 or PGC 69533 is an Sb-type barred spiral galaxy located approximately away from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus. Its tight spiral disk spans approximately across, whose scale at heliocentric distance is about 36.9 kiloparsecs per arcmin. It is also often stated to resemble the Milky Way in appearance, which is mostly due to its disk inclination being almost perpendicular to the line of sight. On 15 December 2003, a 19.2v magnitude Type Ia supernova, was recorded on one of the spiral arms near the apparent centre in UGC 12158, and was designated as SN 2004EF. (Blue star within in Starbox Hubble's Space Telescope image.) It reached 17.5v magnitude on 4 September 2004 before fading from view. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52589742 |
NGC 3610 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered on 8 April 1793 by William Herschel. was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2015. The image shows a prominent disk, a characteristic of spiral galaxies but not elliptical galaxies. Elliptical galaxies are thought to form from collisions with spiral galaxies; is a relatively young elliptical galaxy which has still not lost its disk yet. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52598551 |
Humphrey Gilbert-Carter (1884–1969) was a British botanist and the first scientific director of the Cambridge Botanic Garden (1921–1950), being succeeded by John Gilmour. The second son of the colonial governor Sir Thomas Gilbert-Carter and Susan Laura Hocker he was educated at Tonbridge School and Edinburgh University. After further studies at Marburg University and Cambridge University, he served as a botanist on the Botanical Survey of India during the First World War. In 1921 Gilbert-Carter returned to Cambridge to take up his position as Director of the University Botanic Garden and Curator of the Herbarium at the Botany School where he taught at the age of 37. Within a year he had published his first book, "Guide To The Botanic Garden Cambridge" (1922), followed by his "Descriptive Labels for Botanic Gardens" (1924). The gardens were much depleted, because of the war but his friendship with Reginald Cory, a fellow alumnus, resulted in considerable funding including the building of Cory Lodge as a residence for the Director. Amongst his students, Donald Piggott, would later become a professor in the Botany School, and director of the garden (1984–1995). Gilbert-Carter is remembered by the Gilbert Carter Woodland in the Garden. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52599678 |
Roland Andrews Roland Stuart Andrews CMG DSc FAA, (20 September 1897 (Granville, Sydney) – 14 October 1961 (Glen Iris, Melbourne)), was an industrial chemist and administrator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52616828 |
Ian Wark Sir Ian William Wark CMG CBE FAA (8 May 1899 – 20 April 1985) was an eminent Australian chemist and scientific administrator. He was the recipient of the ANZAAS Medal in 1973. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52617774 |
Zhao Ermi (; 1930 – 24 December 2016) was a Chinese herpetologist, born in Chengdu. His ancestors were Manchu Bannerman of Irgen Gioro clan who were stationed in Chengdu during Qing Dynasty. He was elected a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001. He died at West China Medical Center of Sichuan University on 24 December 2016. Zhao is commemorated in the scientific names of four taxa of reptiles. Also, two amphibian species have been named after him. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52620968 |
NGC 377 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on October 15, 1885 by Francis Leavenworth. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, very small, much extended, suddenly brighter middle and nucleus." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52623497 |
Compound Interest (website) Compound Interest is a website launched in 2013 by Andy Brunning with infographics on everyday chemistry. The infographics describe, for example, how chemicals found in food and nature give them smell, taste, and colour. The website has a monthly collaboration with the American Chemical Society. Content of the website is used as information source by various newspapers and media, including the "Washington Post", "TIME", "The Conversation", and "Forbes':. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52625201 |
Roy Franklin (geologist) Roy Alexander Franklin, OBE, (born 1953) is the chairman of Cuadrilla Resources Holdings Limited and a board member of Norwegian oil and gas company Statoil. He is a non-executive director of Amec Foster Wheeler. He has a number of other executive appointments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52658371 |
NSVS 14256825 NSVS 14256825, also known as V1828 Aquilae, is an eclipsing binary system (of the Algol type) in the constellation of Aquila. The system comprises an eclipsing subdwarf OB star and red dwarf star. The two stars orbit each other every 2.648976 hours. Based on variations in the timing of the system's eclipses, in 2012 it was claimed that two giant planets were in orbit around the binary, with masses of 2.9 and 8.1 times the mass of Jupiter orbiting with periods of 3.5 and 6.9 years respectively. The proposed system was later shown to be extremely unstable, lasting less than a thousand years (i.e., much shorter than the age of the system); more observations are needed. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52666825 |
Bondi–Metzner–Sachs group The Bondi–Metzner–Sachs (BMS) group is the asymptotic symmetry group of all radiating, asymptotically flat, Lorentzian spacetimes. This means that BMS is currently the best candidate for the universal symmetry group of General Relativity. It was originally proposed in 1962 by H. Bondi, M. G. van der Burg, and A. W. Metzner. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52671280 |
WO virus is bacteriophage virus affecting bacteria of the genus "Wolbachia", hence its name. This virus is notable for carrying DNA related to the black widow spider toxin gene, becoming an example of a bacteriophage with animal-like DNA, implying DNA transfers between eukaryotes and bacteriophages. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52679512 |
Fred White (physicist) Sir Frederick William George White (26 May 1905 – 17 August 1994) was a New Zealand-born Australian physicist and ornithologist who was Chairman of CSIRO from 1959 to 1970. White was born in 1905 in Johnsonville. He received his education at Wellington College and Victoria University College. Due to his academic performance, he won a scholarship from the University of New Zealand, and this award enabled him to attend St John's College, Cambridge, where he studied under Ernest Rutherford. He taught at King's College London from 1932, and was lecturer at Canterbury College in Christchurch, New Zealand, from 1937. During World War II, White worked on secret projects developing radar in New Zealand and Australia. In the 1954 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). In the 1962 Birthday Honours, this was elevated to the class of Knight Commander of the same order (KBE). White died in Melbourne on 17 August 1994. His wife Elizabeth had died two years prior. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52684159 |
Tulane virus The is a calicivirus isolated from the rhesus monkey. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52688669 |
Ron Giovanelli Ronald Gordon Giovanelli DSc FAA (1915–1984) was an Australian physicist and solar researcher. Giovanelli contributed substantially to the development of plasma astrophysics, including the recognition of the fundamental importance of magnetic reconnection in the context of magnetohydrodynamics theory and of electrical discharge phenomena as seen in solar flares, for example. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52690690 |
Aliashraf Abdulhuseyn oglu Alizade Academician Aliashraf Abdulhuseyn oghlu Alizade (1911–1985) was an Azerbaijani geologist. He was a full member and one of the founders of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (1945), and an Honorary Oilman of the USSR (1971). He was also a State Award laureate for the discovery and exploitation of new oil fields (1943) and for the preparation of the small electric perforator (1946). Yusif Haydar oglu Mammadaliyev was born on December 31, 1905, in Ordubad, Nakhchivan AR. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52695411 |
Shamil Abdurrahim oglu Azizbayov (1906–1976) was an Azerbaijani geologist specializing in petrology and metallogeny. He was one of the founders (1945) and a vice-president of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52695495 |
Jim Morrison (chemist) James Douglas Morrison AO, FAA, FRSE, FRACI (1924–2013) was a Scottish born Australian physical chemist. Born and educated in Glasgow (BSc 1945, PhD 1948), he moved to Australia in 1949 to work with the CSIRO. There he switched from X-Ray crystallography to mass spectrometry as a research topic. In 1967 he was appointed as the foundation chair of physical chemistry at La Trobe University, where he was a professor of chemistry until retiring in 1989. He is known for his work in mass spectrometry and he is one of the inventors of the triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52695769 |
NGC 1924 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Orion. It was discovered on October 5, 1785 by William Herschel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52696140 |
Albert Lloyd George Rees CBE, DSc, FAA (1916–1989) was an Australian chemical physicist. He was born the son of the Rev. G.P. Rees of Melbourne, Australia and educated at Carey Baptist Grammar School, at Kew, Victoria, Australia. He then worked part-time as a laboratory assistant at Melbourne University whilst studying for a Chemistry degree, which he obtained in 1936. After further study for an M.Sc (awarded in 1938) he travelled to England to work at Imperial College. As war had broken out en route he found himself investigating potential war gases, for which he was awarded a Ph.D in 1941. After a few years of research at Philips Electrical Industries U.K., where he led a team studying problems associated with the manufacture of cathode ray tubes, he returned to Australia to take up a post at CSIR in Melbourne as leader of a new Section of Chemical Physics devoted to the application of physical techniques to chemical problems, including protein structure investigations, chemico-physical studies of the solid state, the determination of molecular structure and energetics, and the development of new and improved chemico-physical techniques. In 1958, having grown to a staff of 30 and equipped with X-ray diffraction equipment, a mass spectrometer, an ultra-violet and an infra-red spectrometer, the section became the Chemical Physics Division. He was elected a fellow of the Australian Chemical Institute in 1948 and awarded their Rennie (1945), Smith (1951) and Leighton (1970) Medals | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52696884 |
Albert Lloyd George Rees He became a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1954 and was awarded CBE in 1978. He retired from CSIRO in 1978 and died in 1989. He had married Marion Mofflin and had 3 daughters. In 1990, the Council of the Australian Academy of Science agreed on the proposal of Sir Alan Walsh FAA to initiate a series of lectures by distinguished researchers in chemical physics, to recognise the contributions of Rees to science, industry and education. The award has been made to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52696884 |
Victor Trikojus Victor Martin "Trik" Trikojus CBE, DSc, FAA (1902–1985) was an Australian professor of biochemistry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52699268 |
Alexander Killen Macbeth CMG, DSc, FAA (1889–1957), generally called Killen or A. Killen Macbeth, was an Irish born academic and organic chemist who from 1928 until his retirement in 1954 was the Angas Professor of Chemistry at the University of Adelaide. In 1946 he was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, and in 1955 he was elected Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52707422 |
Michael Ian Bruce Professor DSc FAA (1938-), born and educated in England, became Professor of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Adelaide in 1973, and was the Angas Professor of Chemistry at the University of Adelaide from 1982 until his retirement in 2009. Bruce made many contributions to the chemistry of metal clusters, particularly those of ruthenium. He was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1989. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52708127 |
Dienes phenomenon Dienes phenomenon, when two identical Proteus cultures are inoculated at different points on the same plate of non-inhibitory medium, the resulting swarming of growth coalesce without signs of demarcation. When, however, two different strains of Proteus are inoculated, the spreading films of growth fail to coalesce and remain separated by a narrow easily visible area. The observation of this appearance, the has been used to determine the identity or non-identity of strains in epidemiological studies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52709623 |
John Stewart Turner OBE FAA (1908–1991) was an Australian botanist and plant physiologist. He was Professor of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Melbourne 1938–1973, and was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1956. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1974. He is sometimes referred to as "John Stuart Turner". Also, he should not be confused with (John) Stewart Turner (born 1930), the Australian geophysicist. Turner was the first President of the Science Teachers' Association of Victoria and for twenty-five years chaired the General Science Standing Committee of the Schools Board that controlled both the syllabus and the examinations. In 1945 Turner introduced Biology as a senior school subject in Victoria, replacing both Botany, and Animal Morphology and Physiology. He chaired the Biology Standing Committee of the Schools Board for thirty years, culminating in the production, through the Australian Academy of Science, of 'The Web of Life' course that completely re-conceived the purpose, structure and function of biology teaching in Australia. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52719219 |
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