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Roman Wojtusiak After the war he became and adjunct professor and from 1946 a full-time associate professor in the department that was later called the department of zoopsychology and animal ethology. He became a professor of zoology in 1948 and he worked at the Jagiellonian University until his retirement in 1976. Wojtusiak's contributions were very diverse and included studies in oceanography, conservation, ethology and entomology. He devised a diving helmet to help him in studies of underwater organisms under the Gulf of Gdansk. He helped found the Tatra National Park. He supervised numerous students and published books and popular articles in addition to papers in journals. He received numerous awards including the knight of the Order of Polonia Restituta, title of Meritorious Teacher of the Polish People's Republic and Meritorious Maritime Worker, and the Golden Cross of Merit. He was posthumously awarded the Auschwitz Cross. A genus, "Romanaria", and a subspecies of moth, "Zygaena filipendulae wojtusiaki", were named after him. His son Janusz Wojtusiak also became a zoologist. A selection of publications: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55496908 |
Auguste Courtiller (1795-1875) was a French paleontologist and viticulturist. Muscat de Saumur was first cultivated in 1842 by Auguste Courtiller, who created it by selecting seedlings from a Pinot Noir Précoce vine with open pollination. Courtiller worked in the Jardin des Plantes of the city of Saumur. As a paleontologist, he described the ammonites species "Ammonites cephalotus" (syn. of "Neoptychites telinga") in 1860 and "Kamerunoceras salmuriensis" in 1867. He also named the genus "Cupulina" in 1861. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55498836 |
Camelback potential A camelback potential is potential energy curve that looks like a normal distribution with a distinct dip where the peak would be, so named because it resembles the humps on a camel's back. The term was applied to a configuration of a superconducting quantum interference device in 2009, and to an arrangement of magnets in 2014. The latter system consists of two parallel diametric cylindrical magnets, that is, magnets that are magnetized perpendicular to their axis, with the north and south poles located on the curved surface as opposed to either end. When a diamagnetic rod (usually graphite) is placed between the magnets, it will remain in place and move back and forth in harmonic motion when disturbed. This arrangement, also known as a "PDL trap" for "parallel dipole line", was the subject of the 2017 International Physics Olympiad. In the magnetic system, the camelback potential effect only occurs when the length of the diamagnetic rod is between two critical lengths. Below the minimum length, the magnet is hypothesized to align with magnetic field lines, hence not maintaining its orientation and touching the magnet. The maximum length is limited by the distance between the peaks of the camelback humps; thus, a rod longer than that will be unstable and fall out of the trap. Both the radius and the length of the rod determine the damping of the system. The damping is primarily due to Stokes drag, as damping is non-observable under vacuum | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55503653 |
Camelback potential Possible practical uses of the concept include being a platform for custom-designed 1D potentials, a highly sensitive force-distance transducer or a trap for semiconductor nanowires. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55503653 |
NGC 3697 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Leo. It was discovered on 24 February 1827 by John Herschel. It was described as "extremely faint, very small, extended 90°" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue. It is a member of HCG 53, a compact group of galaxies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55512892 |
NGC 1871 (also known as ESO 56-SC85) is an open cluster associated with an emission nebula located in the Dorado constellation within the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered by James Dunlop on November 5, 1826. Its apparent magnitude is 10.21, and its size is 2.0 arc minutes. is part of a triple association with NGC 1869 and NGC 1873. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55512912 |
NGC 483 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is located approximately 192 million light-years from Earth and was discovered on November 11, 1827 by astronomer John Herschel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55515710 |
NGC 484 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Tucana. It is located approximately 218 million light-years from Earth and was discovered in on October 28, 1834 by astronomer John Herschel. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55515905 |
Hans Stubbe Hans Karl Oskar Stubbe (7 March 1902 - 14 May 1989) was a German agronomist and plant breeder. During the Second World War he was dismissed by the Nazi government from the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Breeding Research in Müncheberg in 1936. After the war he went to work in East Germany where he was the founding director of the Institute for Cultivated Plant Research (which started as the Institut für Kulturpflanzenforschung in Vienna) in Gatersleben. He stood up against the ideas of Trofim Lysenko and prevented East German genetics from being influenced by politics that had caused damage in the Soviet Union. Stubbe was born in 1902 at Berlin where his father was a school inspector. He studied agriculture and biology at the University of Göttingen and the Agricultural University of Berlin. He became a student of Erwin Baur at the Institute for Inheritance Research in Berlin where he worked on a doctoral thesis on mutagenesis in 1929. He then joined the newly established Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Breeding Research in Müncheberg but after about nine years he was dismissed when the Nazi party came into power. For a while he worked with Fritz von Wettstein at the Institut für Kulturpflanzenforschung in Vienna. Wettstein wished to recruit Elisabeth Schiemann to head the institute but Stubbe objected to the idea of men working under her. He made major expeditions to collect germplasm of wild and cultivated plants from around Europe both with civilian and military objectives | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55556786 |
Hans Stubbe Stubbe worked on using X-rays to produce useful mutations in barley. Along with Gustav Becker and Kurt Mothes, Stubbe ensured that Lysenkoism did not take root in East Germany. Despite his anti-fascist views, Stubbe defended his friend Günther Niethammer and wrote a letter in 1947 exonerating the latter of any wilful participation with the Nazis at Auschwitz. After the Second World War Stubbe became director of the Institute for Cultivated Plant Research in Gatersleben. Stubbe died in 1989 in Zingst. He was succeeded at Gatersleben by his student Helmut Böhme. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55556786 |
Golden binary In gravitational wave astronomy, a golden binary is a binary black hole collision event whose inspiral and ringdown phases have been measured accurately enough to provide separate measurements of the initial and final black hole masses. Current LIGO/Virgo protocol relies on its library of several hundred thousand precomputed templates of black hole collisions conceivably detectable in their frequency range. A putative binary black hole collision signal consists of inspiral, merger, and ringdown phases. The complete signal is compared with the template library, and event parameters and significance are based on an analysis of such matches. This allows for self-consistency checks of general relativity. In order to test certain competing theories of gravity, one faces the problem that only general relativity has been studied enough that the complete merger phase is known. Therefore, only a signal that can be matched separately in the inspiral and ringdown phases can be used to allow or contradict such theories. GW150914 was a golden binary, indeed, this led to additional internal checks done by LIGO. GW151226 and LVT151012 were not. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55561850 |
Renée C. Kraan-Korteweg Professor (born 1954) is a Dutch - South African scientist. She is Head of the Department of Astronomy at the University of Cape Town as well as Founder and Co-director of the Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravity Centre. She also serves as Vice-President of Executive Committee of the International Astronomical Union. She is a member of the Academy of Science of South Africa. Her research interests include the Large Scale Structure and streaming motions in the nearby universe. She also conducts research with the South African Large Telescope (SALT), including searching for black holes in the centre of dwarf elliptical galaxies and looking at how much dark matter there is in low surface brightness galaxies. She was one of the lead authors in the breakthrough paper “The Parkes HI Zone of Avoidance Survey”, which used the Parkes 60m Radio Telescope to discover nearby galaxies that were previously "hidden" by the gravitational anomaly known as the Great Attractor. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55563843 |
Systems chemistry is the science of studying networks of interacting molecules, to create new functions from a set (or library) of molecules with different hierarchical levels and emergent properties. is also related to the origin of life (abiogenesis) is a relatively young sub-discipline of chemistry, where the focus does not lie on the individual chemical components but rather on the overall network of interacting molecules and on their emergent properties. Hence, it combines the classical knowledge of chemistry (structure, reactions and interactions of molecules) together with a systems approach inspired by systems biology and systems science. Dynamic combinatorial chemistry has been used as a method to develop ligands for biomolecules and receptors for small molecules. Ligands that can recognize biomolecules are being identified by preparing libraries of potential ligands in the presence of a target biomacromolecule. This is relevant for application as biosensors for fast monitoring of imbalances and illnesses and therapeutic agents. Individual components of certain chemical system will self-assemble to form receptors which are complementary to target molecule. In principle, the preferred library members will be selected and amplified based on the strongest interactions between the template and products. A fundamental difference exists between chemistry as it is performed in most laboratories and chemistry as it occurs in life | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55573246 |
Systems chemistry Laboratory processes are mostly designed such that the (closed) system goes thermodynamically downhill; i.e. the product state is of lower Gibbs free energy, yielding stable molecules that can be isolated and stored. Yet the chemistry of life operates in a very different way: Most molecules from which living systems are constituted are turned over continuously and are not necessarily thermodynamically stable. Nevertheless, living systems can be stable, but in a homeostatic sense. Such homeostatic (open) systems are far-from-equilibrium and are dissipative: they need energy to maintain themselves. In dissipative controlled systems the continuous supply of energy allows a continuous transition between different supramolecular states, where systems with unexpected properties may be discovered. One of the grand challenges of Systems Chemistry is to unveil complex reactions networks, where molecules continuously consume energy to perform specific functions. While multicomponent reactions have been studied for centuries, the idea of deliberately analyzing mixtures and reaction networks is more recent. The first mentions of systems chemistry as a field date from 2005. Early adopters focused on prebiotic chemistry combined with supramolecular chemistry, before it was generalized to the study of emergent properties and functions of any complex molecular systems | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55573246 |
Systems chemistry A 2017 review in the field of systems chemistry described the state of the art as out-of-equilibrium self-assembly, fuelled molecular motion, chemical networks in compartments and oscillating reactions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55573246 |
Tolkien (crater) Tolkien is one of the northernmost craters on Mercury, located in the Borealis quadrangle (north pole region) at 88.82 N, 211.08 W. It is 50 km in diameter. It was named after the South African born British writer J. R. R. Tolkien. The name was approved by IAU's Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature on August 6, 2012. Since Tolkien is very close to the north pole, and Mercury has almost no axial tilt, Tolkien receives very little sunlight. S band radar data from the Arecibo Observatory collected between 1999 and 2005 indicates a radar-bright area covers the entire floor of Tolkien, which is probably indicative of a water ice deposit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55576823 |
Assembled gem An assembled gem (also called a composite gem) is a gemstone made up of other smaller gems. An assembled gem can often be a fake gem with a desirable piece of gemstone attached to pieces of inexpensive imitation gemstones. For example, a combination of a thin layer of green glass and a colorless piece of quartz would be a composite gem. A doublet is a type of assembled gem which is composed of two parts. A "false doublet" is a doublet which is a glass piece that looks like a real gem and a real gem that have been attached to look like a larger gem. A triplet is a type of assembled gem composed of three distinct parts. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55583921 |
Roman Gutwinski (alternative spelling: Roman Gutwiński, 1860–1932) was a phycologist. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55611416 |
Dream Bank is an ocean bank and drowned reef, off the coast of south Texas in the Gulf of Mexico. It has distinct terraces show past stable sea levels. Other nearby drowned reefs include Baker, Aransas, Blackfish, Mysterious, and one other. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55634814 |
Liquid marbles are non-stick droplets (normally aqueous) wrapped by micro- or nano-metrically scaled hydrophobic, colloidal particles (Teflon, polyethylene, lycopodium powder, carbon black, etc.); representing a platform for a diversity of chemical and biological applications. are also found naturally; aphids convert honeydew droplets into marbles. A variety of non-organic and organic liquids may be converted into liquid marbles. demonstrate elastic properties and do not coalesce when bounced or pressed lightly. demonstrate a potential as micro-reactors, micro-containers for growing micro-organisms and cells, micro-fluidics devices, and have even been used in unconventional computing. remain stable on solid and liquid surfaces. Statics and dynamics of rolling and bouncing of liquid marbles were reported. coated with poly-disperse and mono-disperse particles have been reported. are not hermetically coated by solid particles but connected to the gaseous phase. Kinetics of the evaporation of liquid marbles has been investigated. were first reported by P. Aussillous and D. Quere in 2001, who described a new method to construct portable water droplets in the atmospheric environment with hydrophobic coating on their surface to prevent the contact between water and the solid ground (Figure 1). provide a new approach to transport liquid mass on the solid surface, which sufficiently transform the inconvenient glass containers into flexible, user-specified hydrophobic coating composed of powders of hydrophobic materials | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55665052 |
Liquid marbles Since then, the applications of liquid marbles in no-loss mass transport, microfluidics and microreactors have been extensively investigated. However, liquid marbles only reflect the water behavior at the solid-air interface, while there is no report on the water behavior at the liquid-liquid interface, as a result of the so-called coalescence cascade phenomenon. When a water droplet is in contact with a water reservoir, it will quickly pinch off from the reservoir and form a smaller daughter droplet, while this daughter droplet will continue to go through a similar contact-pinch off-splitting process until completed coalescence into the reservoir, the combination or summary of these self-similar coalescence processes is called coalescence cascade. The underlying mechanism of coalescence cascade has been studied in detail but there has been mere attempt to control and make use of it.. Until recently, Liu et al. has filled this void by proposing a new method to control coalescence cascade by using nanostructured coating at the liquid-liquid interface, —the interfacial liquid marbles. Similar to liquid marbles at the solid-air interface, the interfacial liquid marbles are constructed on the hexane/water interface using water droplets with a surface coating composed of nanoscale materials with special wettability (Figure 2) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55665052 |
Liquid marbles To realize interfacial water marbles at hexane/water interface, the individual particle size of the surface coating layer should be as small as possible, so that the contact line between the particles and the water reservoir can be minimized; special wettability with mixed hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity is also preferred for the interfacial water marble formation. The interfacial water marble can be fabricated by firstly coating a water droplet with nanomaterials with special wettability, e.g. hybrid carbon nanowires, graphene oxide. Afterwards a secondary coating layer of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is applied onto the coated water droplet. The doubly-coated water droplet is then cast into the hexane/water mixture and eventually settled at the hexane/water interface to form the interfacial water marble. During this process, the PVDF coating quickly diffused into hexane to balance the hydrophobic interaction between hexane and the water droplet, while the nanomaterials quickly self-assembled into a nanostructured protective layer on the droplet surface through the Marangoni effect. The interfacial water marble can completely resist coalescence cascade and exist nearly permanently at the hexane/water interface, providing that the hexane phase is not depleted by vaporization. The interfacial water marbles can also realize a series of stimuli-responsive motions by integrating the functional materials into the surface coating layer | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55665052 |
Liquid marbles Due to their uniqueness in both form and behavior, the interfacial water marbles are speculated to have remarkable applications in microfluidics, microreactors and mass-transport. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55665052 |
Ternary phase In materials chemistry, a ternary phase is chemical compound containing three different elements. Some ternary phases compounds are molecular, e.g. chloroform (HCCl). More typically ternary phases refer to extended solids. Famous example are the perovskites. Binary phases with only two elements, have lower degrees of complexity than ternary phases. With four elements quaternary phases are more complex. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55666445 |
Phenuiviridae is a virus family belonging to the order "Bunyavirales" established by ICTV in 2016. Ruminants, camels, humans, and mosquitoes are the known hosts of members of this negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus family. Of the four genera, "Phlebovirus" is the only genus that includes viruses that cause disease in humans (e.g. Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus). Members of "are" enveloped viruses with helical capsid morphology. Envelope glycoproteins of these viruses are distributed with icosahedral symmetry (T=12). "Phenuiviridae" is a (-ssRNA) negative single stranded RNA virus family. Its genome is segmented into three pieces: L segment (encoding RNA dependent RNA polymerase), M segment, and S segment. Some members of the family have ambisense gene encoding on the S segment (nucleocapsid proteins). The M segment includes envelope glycoproteins encoded in a polyprotein that is cleaved by host proteases. Multiple different proteins can be encoded on the M segment due to leaky scanning by the ribosome. RNA transcripts are capped through cap snatching, but not polyadenylated. Translation is terminated by a hairpin sequence at the end of each RNA transcript. Other viruses in this genus include Malsoor virus, Heartland virus and Zwiesel bat banyangvirus. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55681002 |
Sukku Fault "スック線" is an active fault that runs undersea section of the new US marines camp in Okinawa, Japan, under construction. It is the 2nd such fault after the Henoko Fault. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55695855 |
Francesco Saverio Monticelli (1863–1927) was an Italian zoologist at the Zoological Museum of Naples (curator from 1900). He was the taxonomic author of several families of parasites which are still recognized such as the Diplectanidae or the Plectanocotylidae . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55699721 |
A1689B11 is an extremely old spiral galaxy located in the Abell 1689 galaxy cluster in the Virgo constellation. The disk of is cool and thin, yet it produced stars at thirty times the rate of the Milky Way. is 11 billion light years from the Earth, forming 2.6 billion years after the Big Bang. It is the most distant known and earliest spiral galaxy . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55722689 |
Jan Prüffer (1890– 1969) was a Polish biologist, a taxonomic authority in entomology. During the German occupation of Poland he gave lectures at the underground educational facilities. Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (1947-1947) Officer of the Order of Polonia Restituta. In 1925 he married Maria Znamierowska-Prüfferowa, who became professor of ethnography. They had no children. A street in Toruń has the name of Jan and Maria Püffers. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55731222 |
RNase H-dependent PCR (rhPCR) is a modification of the standard PCR technique. In rhPCR, the primers are designed with a removable amplification block on the 3’ end. Amplification of the blocked primer is dependent on the cleavage activity of a hyperthermophilic archaeal Type II RNase H enzyme during hybridization to the complementary target sequence. This RNase H enzyme possesses several useful characteristics that enhance the PCR. First, it has very little enzymatic activity at low temperature, enabling a “hot start PCR” without modifications to the DNA polymerase. Second, the cleavage efficiency of the enzyme is reduced in the presence of mismatches near the RNA residue. This allows for reduced primer dimer formation, detection of alternative splicing variants, ability to perform multiplex PCR with higher numbers of PCR primers, and the ability to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms. rhPCR primers consist of three sections. 1) The 5’ DNA section, equivalent in length and melting temperature (Tm) requirements to a standard PCR primer, is extended after cleavage by the RNase HII enzyme. 2) A single RNA base provides the cleavage site for the RNase HII. 3) A short 3’ extension of four or five bases followed by a blocker (usually a short, non-extendable molecule like a propanediol) prevents extension by a DNA polymerase until removal. A rhPCR reaction begins with the primers and template free in solution (Figure 1) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55764851 |
RNase H-dependent PCR While free in solution, these primers are not deblocked by the RNase HII enzyme, as they must be in an RNA:DNA heteroduplex with the template to be cleaved. Once bound to the template, the rhPCR primers are cleaved by the thermostable RNase HII enzyme. This removes the block, allowing for the DNA polymerase to extend off of the primers. The cycling of the PCR reaction continues the process. rhPCR primers are designed so that after cleavage by the RNase H2 enzyme, the Tm of the primers are still greater than the annealing temperature of PCR reaction. These primers can be used in both 5’ nuclease Taqman and SYBR Green types of quantitative PCR. rhPCR can be used for quantitative PCR and medical or environmental laboratories: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55764851 |
Eugene Terentjev Eugene M. Terentjev (born 21 June 1959) is professor of Polymer physics at the University of Cambridge, and fellow of Queens' College where he is the Director of Studies in Natural Sciences. Terentjev earned his MSc in Physics from Moscow State University, and his PhD from Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. He then carried out postdoctoral research at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, before moving to Cambridge in 1992. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55765541 |
NGC 1998 (also known as ESO 204-15, PGC 17434) is a lenticular galaxy located in the Pictor constellation. It was discovered by John Herschel on December 28, 1834 and is about 207 million light-years from the Milky Way. Its apparent magnitude is 14.3. and its size is 0.90 by 0.5 arc minutes. In some sources such as SIMBAD, It misidentifies it as nearby double star NGC 1995. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55770553 |
Denudation chronology is the study of the long-term evolution of topography seen as sequence. revolves around episodes of landscape-wide erosion, bettern known as denudation. The cycle of erosion model is a common approach used to establish denudation chronologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55789228 |
Malvin Ruderman Malvin Avram Ruderman (born 1927 in New York City) is an American physicist and astrophysicist. Mal Ruderman received his A.B. degree from Columbia University in 1945. His M.S. degree (1947) and Ph.D. (1951) are from the California Institute of Technology under the supervision of Robert Jay Finkelstein. In 1951–53, Ruderman worked at Berkeley's Radiation Laboratory. He became an assistant professor at UC Berkeley in 1953, rising by 1964 to the rank of full professor. He moved to New York University in 1964, and to Columbia University in 1969, becoming Centennial Professor in 1980. Ruderman served as chair of the Department of Physics at Columbia in 1973–75. With Charles Kittel in 1954, Ruderman discovered the RKKY interaction for nuclear magnetic moments in certain metals (independently developed by Kasuya and Yosida, hence its name). His later research interests in astrophysics include collapsed objects in astrophysics, neutron stars, and gamma ray emission. In the early 1960s, Ruderman was a member of the committee that conceived the Berkeley Physics Course. He developed the first draft of the first volume, "Mechanics", for use at Berkeley in 1963. With Charles Kittel and Walter D. Knight, he was co-author of the final published volume | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55790536 |
Malvin Ruderman In 1969, Ruderman and (independently) Gordon Baym, Christopher Pethick, and David Pines, were the first to propose that discontinuous slowings observed in neutron stars, so called starquakes, were due to the cracking of the star's solid crust, under increasing stress due to the gradual slowdown of the pulsar. Ruderman was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1956. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1972. He is a recipient of the Pregel Medal of the New York Academy of Sciences. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55790536 |
NGC 4515 is a lenticular galaxy located about 57 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 21, 1784. The galaxy is a member of the Virgo Cluster. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55802486 |
Atlantic Meridional Transect The (abbreviated as AMT) is a multi-decadal oceanographic programme that undertakes biological, chemical and physical research during annual voyages between the UK and destinations in the South Atlantic. The ongoing AMT programme was begun in 1995 to assess biological processes in the Atlantic Ocean from the mesoscale through to basin-scale. An early activity of the programme was the calibration of measurements and products produced by the SeaWiFS (1997-2010) satellite-based sensor for ocean chlorophyll. The AMT programme is led by Plymouth Marine Laboratory, with support from the National Oceanography Centre. It is currently funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Since its inception in 1995, the programme has undertaken 26 research cruises with 256 scientists drawn from 22 countries. The AMT programme has provided data for more than 300 refereed publications, as well as 75 PhD theses. The return cruise track of the AMT programme operates between the UK in the North Atlantic and the Falkland Islands, Chile or South Africa in the southern hemisphere, and its total distance can be up to . The track crosses a number of biogeochemical provinces, including productive temperate and equatorial upwelling systems, and the oligotrophic northern and southern Atlantic ocean gyres. In sampling this diverse range of planktonic ecosystems, the cruises of the AMT programme provide a consistent dataset over a broad spatial scale, and play an important role in understanding the oceanic carbon cycle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55810664 |
Milda Dorothea Prytz Milda Dorethea Prytz (1891-1977) was a Norwegian chemist. Prytz was born in Leith, daughter of priest Anton Jakhelln Prytz and Milda Dorothea Olsen, and sister of goldsmith Eiler Hagerup Krog Prytz Jr. and Fascist politician Frederik Prytz. She grew up in Bergen, until she moved with her parents to Gloppen in 1904. She attended Bergen Cathedral School from 1908 to 1910. She was educated at the University of London and gained her doctorate from the University of Oslo. Her thesis from 1925 is titled "". Prytz was a scientific assistant and amanuensis at the University of Oslo for many years (1918–1948), and docent in chemistry 1948–1957. She published regularly in scientific journals on the polarographic analysis of hydroxamic acids and electrolytic reduction of monovalent and polyvalent cations. She also wrote the textbooks "Quantitative Analysis" and "Inorganic Chemistry". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55822231 |
Diffeomorphometry is the metric study of imagery, shape and form in the discipline of computational anatomy (CA) in medical imaging. The study of images in computational anatomy rely on high-dimensional diffeomorphism groups formula_1 which generate orbits of the form formula_2, in which images formula_3 can be dense scalar magnetic resonance or computed axial tomography images. For deformable shapes these are the collection of manifolds formula_4, points, curves and surfaces. The diffeomorphisms move the images and shapes through the orbit according to formula_5 which are defined as the group actions of computational anatomy. The orbit of shapes and forms is made into a metric space by inducing a metric on the group of diffeomorphisms. The study of metrics on groups of diffeomorphisms and the study of metrics between manifolds and surfaces has been an area of significant investigation. In Computational anatomy, the diffeomorphometry metric measures how close and far two shapes or images are from each other. Informally, the metric is constructed by defining a flow of diffemorphisms formula_6 which connect the group elements from one to another, so for formula_7 then formula_8. The metric between two coordinate systems or diffeomorphisms is then the shortest length or geodesic flow connecting them. The metric on the space associated to the geodesics is given byformula_9. The metrics on the orbits formula_10 are inherited from the metric induced on the diffeomorphism group | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55823152 |
Diffeomorphometry The group formula_1 is thusly made into a smooth Riemannian manifold with Riemannian metric formula_12 associated to the tangent spaces at all formula_13. The Riemannian metric satisfies at every point of the manifold formula_14 there is an inner product inducing the norm on the tangent space formula_15 that varies smoothly across formula_16. Oftentimes, the familiar Euclidean metric is not directly applicable because the patterns of shapes and images don't form a vector space. In the Riemannian orbit model of Computational anatomy, diffeomorphisms acting on the forms formula_17 don't act linearly. There are many ways to define metrics, and for the sets associated to shapes the Hausdorff metric is another. The method used to induce the Riemannian metric is to induce the metric on the orbit of shapes by defining it in terms of the metric length between diffeomorphic coordinate system transformations of the flows. Measuring the lengths of the geodesic flow between coordinates systems in the orbit of shapes is called diffeomorphometry. The diffeomorphisms in computational anatomy are generated to satisfy the Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow fields, formula_18, generated via the ordinary differential equation with the Eulerian vector fields formula_19 in formula_20 for formula_21 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55823152 |
Diffeomorphometry The inverse for the flow is given by formula_22 and the formula_23 Jacobian matrix for flows in formula_24 given as formula_25 To ensure smooth flows of diffeomorphisms with inverse, the vector fields formula_20 must be at least 1-time continuously differentiable in space which are modelled as elements of the Hilbert space formula_27 using the Sobolev embedding theorems so that each element formula_28 has 3-square-integrable derivatives thusly implies formula_27 embeds smoothly in 1-time continuously differentiable functions. The diffeomorphism group are flows with vector fields absolutely integrable in Sobolev norm: Shapes in Computational Anatomy (CA) are studied via the use of diffeomorphic mapping for establishing correspondences between anatomical coordinate systems. In this setting, 3-dimensional medical images are modelled as diffemorphic transformations of some exemplar, termed the template formula_30, resulting in the observed images to be elements of the random orbit model of CA. For images these are defined as formula_31, with for charts representing sub-manifolds denoted as formula_32. The orbit of shapes and forms in Computational Anatomy are generated by the group action formula_33 , formula_34. These are made into a Riemannian orbits by introducing a metric associated to each point and associated tangent space. For this a metric is defined on the group which induces the metric on the orbit | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55823152 |
Diffeomorphometry Take as the metric for Computational anatomy at each element of the tangent space formula_35 in the group of diffeomorphisms with the vector fields modelled to be in a Hilbert space with the norm in the Hilbert space formula_27. We model formula_38 as a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) defined by a 1-1, differential operator formula_39, where formula_40 is the dual-space. In general, formula_41 is a generalized function or distribution, the linear form associated to the inner-product and norm for generalized functions are interpreted by integration by parts according to for formula_42, When formula_44, a vector density, formula_45 The differential operator is selected so that the Green's kernel associated to the inverse is sufficiently smooth so that the vector fields support 1-continuous derivative. The Sobolev embedding theorem arguments were made in demonstrating that 1-continuous derivative is required for smooth flows. The Green's operator generated from the Green's function(scalar case) associated to the differential operator smooths. For proper choice of formula_46 then formula_47 is an RKHS with the operator formula_48 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55823152 |
Diffeomorphometry The Green's kernels associated to the differential operator smooths since for controlling enough derivatives in the square-integral sense the kernel formula_49 is continuously differentiable in both variables implying (I,J)=\inf_{\phi \in \operatorname{Diff}_V: \phi \cdot I = J } d_{\operatorname{Diff}_V}(id,\phi) \ ; The distance on shapes and forms, formula_51, For calculating the metric, the geodesics are a dynamical system, the flow of coordinates formula_52 and the control the vector field formula_53 related via formula_54 The Hamiltonian view The Pontryagin maximum principle gives the Hamiltonian formula_59 The optimizing vector field formula_60 with dynamics formula_61. Along the geodesic the Hamiltonian is constant: formula_62. The metric distance between coordinate systems connected via the geodesic determined by the induced distance between identity and group element: For landmarks, formula_64, the Hamiltonian momentum with Hamiltonian dynamics taking the form with The metric between landmarks formula_68 The dynamics associated to these geodesics is shown in the accompanying figure. For surfaces, the Hamiltonian momentum is defined across the surface has Hamiltonian and dynamics For volumes the Hamiltonian | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55823152 |
Georges Tiercy Georges César Tiercy (1886–1955) was a Swiss astronomer and the 7th director of the Observatoire de Genève from 1928 to 1956. Tiercy received his bachelor of science degree in 1913 from the University of Paris and his Ph.D. in science and mathematics from the University of Geneva in 1915. He was a master in a private college in Ouchy from 1908 to 1912. He taught mathematics in various schools in Geneva from 1913 to 1927 and was a privat-docent at the University of Geneva from 1915. After an internship at the observatories of Hamburg in 1927 and of Arcetri in Florence in 1927–1928, Tiercy became director of the observatory of Geneva in 1928. At the University of Geneva he was professor ordinarius of astronomy from 1928 to 1950 and rector from 1948 to 1950. At the University of Lausanne he was professor extraordinarius of astronomy from 1936 to 1953 and professor ordinarius from 1953 to 1955. He was the author or co-author of more than 250 papers. Tiercy was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1928 at Bologna and in 1932 at Zürich. He was president in 1931 of the "Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle" (S.P.H.N.) of Geneva and was one of the founders in 1952 of the Swiss National Science Foundation. He did research on theoretical physics, astrophysics, geodesy, meteorology and chronometry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55823640 |
Jacob Breyne (14 January 1637 – 25 January 1697) was a Polish merchant, naturalist, and artist, born in Danzig (Gdańsk), Royal Prussia (a fief of the Crown of Poland). He was the father of Johann Philipp Breyne. Breyne was interested in plants from a young age, and collected specimens from around Danzig. He recorded where they were found and included ecological notes on each plant. He also collected specimens and plant illustrations from elsewhere, including the famous portfolio of paintings of Cape of Good Hope plants. These artworks were purchased in 1956, by Sir Ernest Oppenheimer. In 1661 Breyne made his first trip of many to the Netherlands. He became acquainted with prominent members of the community there who kept gardens which included some of the most beautiful and rare plants. A large number of the plants Breyne drew came from Van Beverningk, from Oud-Teilingen Sassenheim near Leiden. Breyne died in Danzig in 1697. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55868271 |
NGC 1993 (also known as ESO 554-14) is a lenticular galaxy located in the Lepus constellation. It was discovered by John Herschel on February 6, 1835. It is about 143 million light years from the Milky Way, Its apparent magnitude is 13.39 and its size is 1.5 arc minutes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55878063 |
NGC 1989 (also known as ESO 423-21) is a lenticular galaxy in the Columba constellation. It is about 482 million light-years away from the Milky Way. The galaxy was discovered by John Herschel on January 28, 1835. Its apparent magnitude is 12.9 and its size is 1.40 by 1.1 arc minutes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55883075 |
NGC 5765 NGC 5765, also designated as MCG+01-38-004 and MCG+01-38-005, is a pair of interacting megamasers in the constellation Virgo, roughly away from Earth. NGC 5765B is active, and energy is released from the core, some of which is absorbed by a nearby cloud of water. The cloud then re-emits this energy as microwaves. These emissions were used to help redefine the Hubble constant. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55887120 |
NGC 4531 is a spiral galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 17, 1784. is member of the Virgo Cluster. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55888377 |
Catherine Meusburger (born 7 January 1978) is an Austrian mathematician and physicist. Her main research interests are in string theory. Since 2011 she has served as professor of mathematics at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. Meusburger grew up in Heidelberg, where she graduated from Kurfürst-Friedrich-Gymnasium; according to her curriculum vitae, she finished with the highest results in the school. She then went on to study physics at the University of Freiburg from 1996 to 2001, where she wrote the thesis "The Quantisation of the algebra of invariants of the closed bosonic Nambu–Goto String using a concrete realization", for which she won the Gustav-Mies Prize 2002 for best thesis, and graduated with distinction. Two months later she was at the Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh to work on her PhD in the department of mathematics under Bernd Schroers; her thesis was titled "Phase space and quantisation of (2+1)-dimensional gravity in the Chern–Simons formulation". Throughout her academic career she has given numerous talks all throughout Europe and at the Perimeter Institute in Canada, where she also did her postdoctoral research from 2004 to 2008. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55890776 |
Russian Journal of Earth Sciences The is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The journal published works of Russian scientists in English. The journal was established in 1998 and the editor-in-chief is Alexey Gvishiani. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55894663 |
Sydney Margaret Stent (11 October 1875 - 19 April 1942) was a South African botanist. Stent's main interest was grasses | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55897186 |
Francis McGlone Professor Francis Philip McGlone (born November 1948) is a neuroscientist at Liverpool John Moores University, where he is the head of the Somatosensory & Affective Neuroscience Group. In 2019, Professor McGlone & colleagues were awarded the Ig Nobel Peace Prize for their work on measuring "The Pleasurability of Scratching an Itch" | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55901238 |
Thomas Robert Bolam FRSE MM (1893-1969) was a 20th century British chemist. He was born in Bristol on 7 September 1893. He was educated at the Fairfield Higher Grade school and the Merchant Venturers School in Bristol. He graduated BSc from Bristol University in 1914 and then at the start of the First World War he joined the Royal Engineers and served in France and Flanders winning the Military Medal. Returning to Bristol he gained an MSc in 1920 and began lecturing at the University of Edinburgh. He received a doctorate (DSc) from the University in 1930. In 1933 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir James Walker, James Pickering Kendall, Ernest Bowman Ludlam and Leonard Dobbin. He served as Vice President of the Society 1959 to 1962. In the Second World War he served as an Air Raid Warden in Edinburgh. He died in Edinburgh on 8 July 1969. In 1926 he married Mary Russell Mackenzie (d.1954). They had no children. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55903681 |
Tomasz Robert Taylor (born February 23, 1954) is a Polish-American theoretical physicist and faculty at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. He obtained his PhD degree from the University of Warsaw, Poland in 1981 under the supervision of Stefan Pokorski. He is a descendant of John Taylor who originated from Fraserburgh in Scotland and emigrated to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth c.1676. He is known for his discovery, with Stephen Parke, of Parke-Taylor amplitudes, also known as maximally helicity violating (MHV) amplitudes; his pioneering use of supersymmetry for computing scattering amplitudes in Quantum Chromodynamics; his seminal work, with Ignatios Antoniadis, Edi Gava and Kumar Narain, on topological string amplitudes; his formulation, with Ignatios Antoniadis and Hervé Partouche, of the first four-dimensional quantum field theory with partial supersymmetry breaking; his extensive studies, with Stephan Stieberger, of superstring scattering amplitudes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55912752 |
NGC 684 is a spiral galaxy approximately 135 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Triangulum. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 26, 1786. Edward Swift, Lewis' son, found this galaxy again on 18 Jan 1890 while "searching for Swift's Comet." and it was reported as a new object in list IX-6. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55914847 |
NGC 498 is a member of the NGC 507 Group which is part of the Perseus-Pisces Supercluster. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55915817 |
NGC 497 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 336 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by French astronomer Édouard Stephan on November 6, 1882. was imaged by Halton Arp and included in his Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 8, under the category of 'split arm' galaxies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55919158 |
NGC 725 is a spiral galaxy approximately 450 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by Francis Preserved Leavenworth on November 9, 1885 with the 26" refractor at the Leander McCormick Observatory. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55927187 |
NGC 7259 is a spiral galaxy approximately 66 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 28, 1834. In 2009, a possible supernova was detected within the galaxy, and was designated SN 2009ip. Since the brightness faded in a matter of days, it was redesignated as Luminous blue variable (LBV) Supernova impostor. During the following years several luminous outbursts were detected from the SN 2009ip. In September 2012 SN 2009ip was classified as a young type IIn supernova. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55927722 |
NGC 505 is a lenticular galaxy approximately 234 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Pisces. It was discovered by German astronomer Albert Marth on October 1, 1864. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55931558 |
Bioactive terrarium A bioactive terrarium (or vivarium) is a terrarium for housing one or more terrestrial animals that includes live plants as well as populations of small invertebrates and microorganisms to consume and break down the waste products of the primary species. In a functional bioactive terrarium, the waste products will be broken down by these detritivores, reducing or eliminating the need for cage cleaning. Bioactive vivariums are used by zoos and hobbyists to house reptiles and amphibians in an aesthetically pleasing and enriched environment. Any terrarium can be made bioactive by addition of the appropriate substrate, plants, and detritivores. Bioactive enclosures are often maintained as display terraria constructed of PVC, wood, glass and/or acrylic. Bioactive enclosures in laboratory "rack" style caging are uncommon. Waste products of the primary species are consumed by a variety of detritivores, referred to as the "cleanup crew" by hobbyists. These can include woodlice, springtails, earthworms, millipedes, and various beetles, with different species being preferred in different habitats - the cleanup crew for a tropical rainforest bioactive terrarium may rely primarily on springtails, isopods, and earthworms, while a desert habitat might use beetles. If the primary species is insectivorous, they may consume the cleanup crew, and thus the cleanup crew must have sufficient retreats to avoid being completely depopulated | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55931886 |
Bioactive terrarium Additionally, bioactive terraria typically have a flourishing population of bacteria and other microorganisms which break down the wastes of the cleanup crew and primary species. Fungi may occur as part of the terrarium cycle and will be consumed by the cleanup crew. Bioactive enclosures require some form of substrate to grow plants and to provide habitat for the cleanup crew. The choice of substrate is typically determined by the habitat of the primary species (e.g. jungle vs desert), and created by mixing a variety of components such as organic topsoil (free of pesticides and non-biological fertilizers), peat, coco fiber, sand, long-fiber sphagnum moss, cypress mulch, and orchid bark in varying proportions. In wet habitats, there is typically a drainage layer beneath the substrate to allow water to pool without saturating the substrate. The drainage layer may be constructed via coarse gravel, stones, expanded clay aggregate, or may be wholly synthetic; the drainage layer is typically separated from the overlying substrate with a fine plastic mesh. Additionally, some bioactive terraria include leaf-litter, which can serve as food and microhabitat for the cleanup crew. The use of live plants in a bioactive terrarium provides cover for animals inhabiting the enclosure, is aesthetically pleasing in a display enclosure, and can help to absorb nitrogenous wastes that could otherwise build up in a system | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55931886 |
Bioactive terrarium Providing a variety of plants that will grow in and be clipped back during maintenance provides hiding spots for terrarium inhabitants that change over time. This is a form of enrichment recommended for keeping reptiles. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55931886 |
NGC 509 is a lenticular galaxy approximately 87 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Pisces. It was discovered by German astronomer Albert Marth on October 1, 1864. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55932351 |
Damer (crater) Damer is a crater on Mercury at latitude 36.36 N, longitude 115.81 W in the Shakespeare quadrangle. Its diameter is 60 km. It was named after the English sculptor Anne Seymour Damer in 2013. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55933272 |
NGC 805 is a lenticular galaxy approximately 194 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Triangulum. It was discovered by German astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest on September 26, 1864 with the 11-inch refractor at Copenhagen. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55937591 |
NGC 806 is a spiral galaxy approximately 166 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered by American astronomer Lewis A. Swift on November 1, 1886 with the 16" refractor at Warner Observatory. and PGC 3100716 form a pair of galaxies in gravitational interaction. These two galaxies are either colliding or are the result of a collision. PGC 3100716 is a spiral galaxy with an apparent size of 0.09 by 0.08 arcmin. It was not included in the original version of the New General Catalogue, and was later added as NGC 806-2. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55937955 |
NGC 965 is a spiral galaxy approximately 294 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by American astronomer Ormond Stone in 1886 with the 26" refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. Soviet/Russian astrophysicist Vorontsov-Velyaminov B. and Arhipova V. P. have noted in their "Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies" that "looks almost like two flattened galaxies i=I and i=III in contact and very disturbed". | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55948299 |
Yukon Ice Patches The are a series of dozens of ice patches in the southern Yukon discovered in 1997, which have preserved hundreds of archaeological artifacts, with some more than 9,000 years old. The first ice patch was discovered on the mountain Thandlät, west of the Kusawa Lake campground which is west of Whitehorse, Yukon. The Yukon Ice Patch Project began shortly afterwards with a partnership between archaeologists in partnership with six Yukon First Nations, on whose traditional territory the ice patches were found. They include the Carcross/Tagish First Nation, the Kwanlin Dün First Nation, the Ta’an Kwäch’än Council, the Champagne and Aishihik First Nations, the Kluane First Nation, and the Teslin Tlingit Council. Cryologists, describe how ice patches, such the rare Yukon alpine region ice patches, differ from glaciers. The latter are constantly moving; they gradually build up mass over time until they reach a certain size, when they slowly flow downhill. Unlike glaciers, ice patches do not move. As some of the snow remaining from winter accumulation melts, the rest is gradually compressed into ice. Ice patches do not achieve enough mass to flow downhill so any artifacts within are preserved intact without being crushed. In the 1990s "during a period of extremely warm summer temperatures" with ice patches melting, the Yukon Ice Patch Project began. In September 1997, Gerald W. Kuzyk discovered the first of the Yukon ice patches artifacts, an atlatl dart fragment, on mountain Thandlät at an elevation of | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55949736 |
Yukon Ice Patches The are studied by archaeologists in partnership with six Yukon First Nations, on whose traditional territory the ice patches were found. They include the Carcross/Tagish First Nation, the Kwanlin Dün First Nation, the Ta’an Kwäch’än Council, the Champagne and Aishihik First Nations, the Kluane First Nation, and the Teslin Tlingit Council. The 43 in southern Yukon included "more than 207 archaeological objects and 1700 faunal remains have been recovered from 43 melting ice patches in the southern Yukon. The artifacts range in age from a 9000-year-old (calendar) dart shaft to a 19th-century musket ball...Of particular interest is the description of three different techniques for the construction of throwing darts and the observation of stability in the hunting technology employed in the study area over seven millennia. Radiocarbon chronologies indicate that this period of stability was followed by an abrupt technological replacement of the throwing dart by the bow and arrow after 1200 BP." The artifacts are curated by the Yukon Archaeology Program, Government of Yukon. In the Kusawa Lake area, there are no longer any caribou, but in her 1987 interviews, Elder Mary Ned (born 1890s-) spoke about caribou being “all over this place.” Evidence of this was proven by the nearby discovery of the Ice Patch artifacts...Oral history tells us that a corral, or caribou fence was located on the east side of the lake, between the lake and the mountain." | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55949736 |
NGC 966 is an unbarred lenticular galaxy approximately 440 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Preserved Leavenworth in 1886. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55955952 |
NGC 5640 is a spiral galaxy approximately 660 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Camelopardalis. It was discovered by British astronomer William Herschel on December 20, 1797. Supernova SN 1996ah was discovered in on June 6, 1996 by J. Mueller, who was using the 1.2-m Oschin Schmidt telescope in the course of the second Palomar Sky Survey. SN 1996ah had magnitude about 18 and was located southwest of the centre of (coordinates: RA 14h20m39.020s, DEC +80d07m21.00s, J2000.0). It was classified as type Ia supernova. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55962963 |
NGC 4252 is a spiral galaxy approximately 56 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Virgo. It belongs to the Virgo cluster of galaxies. It was discovered by German astronomer Albert Marth on May 26, 1864. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55964039 |
NGC 1019 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 316 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by French astronomer Édouard Stephan on December 1, 1880 with the 31" reflector at the Marseille Observatory. is classified as Type I Seyfert galaxy. Its nuclei is surrounded by tight rings or annuli of star formation, and the rings contain compact, young star clusters. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55972574 |
NGC 1426 is an elliptical galaxy approximately 59 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered by William Herschel in December 9, 1784. is a member of the Eridanus Cluster. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55973234 |
NGC 1016 is an elliptical galaxy approximately 287 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by German astronomer Albert Marth on January 15, 1865 with William Lassell's 48" telescope on Malta. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55980778 |
Rum layered intrusion The is located in Scotland, on the island of Rùm (Inner Hebrides). It is a mass of intrusive rock, of mafic-ultramafic composition, the remains of the eroded, solidified magma chamber of an extinct volcano that was active during the Palaeogene Period. It is associated with the nearby Skye intrusion and Skye, Mull and Egg lavas. It was emplaced 60 million years ago above the Iceland hotspot. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55990492 |
Olivier Doré Olivier Doré | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55992133 |
NGC 5609 NGC 5609 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55994004 |
NGC 1190 is a lenticular galaxy approximately 109 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth on December 2, 1885 with the 26" refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. is dominated by stellar light with little long wavelength emission. Together with NGC 1189, NGC 1191, NGC 1192 and NGC 1199 it forms Hickson Compact Group 22 (HCG 22) galaxy group. Although they are considered members of this group, NGC 1191 and NGC 1192 are in fact background objects, since they are much further away compared to the other members of this group. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56004756 |
NGC 1189 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 105 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth on December 2, 1885 with the 26" refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. has extended clumpy star formation throughout its spiral arms with remarkably little associated stellar light, which is striking in the color images. Together with NGC 1190, NGC 1191, NGC 1192 and NGC 1199 it forms Hickson Compact Group 22 (HCG 22) galaxy group. Although they are considered members of this group, NGC 1191 and NGC 1192 are in fact background objects, since they are much further away compared to the other members of this group. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56010004 |
Isabel Arends Isabel W.C.E. Arends (born 1966) is a Dutch chemist. She was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Science at Utrecht University in July of 2018 and was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) in 2017. Her research specializes in environmentally-friendly, or 'green', chemistry- for example, using enzymes as biocatalysts while avoiding the need for toxic solvents. Arends studied physical organic chemistry at Leiden University between 1984 and 1988, obtaining an MsC. In 1993 she obtained her PhD at the same university with a thesis titled: 'Thermolysis of arene derivatives with coal-type hydrogen donors', studying with Prof. Rob Louw and Dr. Peter Mulder. Following graduation, Arends spent a year as a postdoctoral researcher in Ottawa, Canada at the Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences. She joined Delft University of Technology in 1995, and was awarded a research fellowship of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) in the field of biomimetic oxidations. Between 2001 and 2006 she worked as associate and assistant professor at Delft University of Technology. In 2007 she was promoted to full professor of Biocatalysis and Organic Chemistry. She served as the chair of the Biotechnology Department at Delft University of Technology from 2013 to 2018, vice-chair of the Applied and Engineering Sciences domain of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, and founded the TU Delft Bioengineering Institute in 2016. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56013945 |
Göran Lindblad (physicist) Göran Lindblad is a Swedish theoretical physicist and a professor emeritus at the AlbaNova University, Stockholm. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56013977 |
NGC 1191 is a lenticular galaxy approximately 406 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth on December 2, 1885 with the 26" refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. Together with NGC 1189, NGC 1190, NGC 1192 and NGC 1199 it forms Hickson Compact Group 22 (HCG 22) galaxy group. Although they are considered members of this group, and NGC 1192 are in fact background objects, since they are much further away compared to the other members of this group. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56016868 |
NGC 1199 is an elliptical galaxy approximately 107 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 30, 1785. is dominated by stellar light with little long wavelength emission. Together with NGC 1189, NGC 1190, NGC 1191 and NGC 1192 it forms Hickson Compact Group 22 (HCG 22) galaxy group. Although they are considered members of this group, NGC 1191 and NGC 1192 are in fact background objects, since they are much further away compared to the other members of this group. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56017178 |
NGC 1192 is a lenticular galaxy approximately 417 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth on December 2, 1885 with the 26" refractor at Leander McCormick Observatory. Together with NGC 1189, NGC 1190, NGC 1191 and NGC 1199 it forms Hickson Compact Group 22 (HCG 22) galaxy group. Although they are considered members of this group, NGC 1191 and are in fact background objects, since they are much further away compared to the other members of this group. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56017282 |
Biotic pump The theory of a biotic pump pertains to the importance of forests in the water cycle, specifically, in determining the levels of rainfall a region will receive. It states that an increased amount of evaporation or transpiration will cause a reduction in atmospheric pressure as clouds form, which will subsequently cause moist air to be drawn to regions where evaporation is at its highest. In a desert this will correspond to the sea whereas in a forest, moist air from the sea will be drawn inland. The theory predicts two different types of coast to contentinental rainfall patterns, first in a forested area one can expect no decrease in rainfall as one moves inland in contrast to a deforested region where one observes an exponential decrease in annual rainfall. Whereas it is true current global climate models fit these patterns as well, it is argued this is due to parametrization and not the veracity of the theories. This theory is in contradiction of the more traditional view that surface winds are solely a direct product of differences in surface heating and heat released from condensation. The creators of the theory argue that phase changes in water play a greater role in atmospheric dynamics than currently acknowledged. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56024424 |
Peter James de Lange (born 1966 in Hamilton, Waikato) is a New Zealand botanist. Schooled in Hamilton, he graduated from the University of Waikato as B.Sc. in biological and earth sciences then as M.Sc. in paleoecology and tephrochronostratigraphy. He has a PhD from the University of Auckland, the subject of his thesis, the biosystematics of "Kunzea ericoides". From 1990 to 2017 he worked as a threatened plant scientist in the Ecosystems and Species Unit of Research and Development in the New Zealand Department of Conservation. He is an Adjunct Professor at the University of Sassari, Sardinia and now employed as an Associate Professor in the School of Environmental & Animal Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology (New Zealand). He is a Fellow of the Linnean Society, recipient of the New Zealand Botanical Society Allan Mere award (2006) and also the Loder Cup (2017) for his botanical work. One plant, the Three Kings Islands endemic kawakawa (pepper) described as Macropiper excelsum subsp peltatum f. delangei and now placed in Piper, as P. excelsum subsp. delangei is named in his honour. He is the author of 30 books and 180 scientific papers. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56030210 |
NGC 2090 is a spiral galaxy located approximately 40 million light-years from the Solar System in the Columba constellation. It was discovered on 29 October 1826 by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. was studied to refine the Hubble constant to an accuracy within ±10%. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56036280 |
Robert Weryk Robert J. Weryk (born 1981) is a Canadian physicist and astronomer. He currently works at the University of Hawaii at Manoa where he discovered the first known interstellar object, 'Oumuamua. He has also published numerous articles on meteors and other astronomical topics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56047338 |
Brevifollis is a Gram-negative genus of bacteria from the family of Verrucomicrobiaceae with one known species ("gellanilyticus"). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56056488 |
Cephaloticoccus is a Gram-negative and non-motile genus of bacteria from the family of Opitutaceae which occur in the guts of Cephalotes ants. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56061928 |
Cephaloticoccus capnophilus is a Gram-negative and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Cephaloticoccus which has been isolated from the gut of the ant Cephalotes varians from the Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Florida in the United States. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56061978 |
Mucrocetin is a snake venom platelet-agglutinating factor, that acts in a vWF-independent manner. It binds specifically to platelet GPIbalpha (GP1BA) to a distinct binding site from that of flavocetin-A. It is isolated from the venom of Taiwan habu (Protobothrops mucrosquamatus). It is related to the C-type lectins. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56080225 |
Geological Society of America Bulletin The (until 1960 called The Bulletin of the Geological Society of America and also commonly referred to as GSA Bulletin) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that has been published by the Geological Society of America since 1890. Its first editor was William John McGee. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 4.212. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56092354 |
Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry camera The (PImMS) is an ultrafast imaging sensor designed for time-of-flight particle imaging. It was invented by professors of chemistry at the University of Oxford, Mark Brouard and Claire Vallance., Renato Turchetta from IMASENIC (formerly at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory), and Andrei Nomerotski from Brookhaven National Labs (formerly at the Department of Physics, University of Oxford). The camera and accompanying software have been further developed by Iain Sedgwick (STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory), Jaya John John (Department of Physics, University of Oxford), and Jason Lee (Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford). The camera has been used for studies in chemical reaction dynamics, imaging mass spectrometry, and neutron time-of-flight imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56095710 |
Caldimicrobium is a genus of bacteria from the family of Thermodesulfobacteriaceae. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56113766 |
Acidicapsa acidisoli is a Gram-negative, aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of "Acidicapsa" which has been isolated from acidic soil from a deciduous forest from the Mount Shirakami in Japan. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56119049 |
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