title string | abstract string | url string | arxiv_id string | date string | category string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
21 cm line signal from magnetic modes | The Lorentz term raises the linear matter power on small scale which leads to
interesting signatures in the 21 cm signal. Numerical simulations of the
resuting nonlinear density field, the distribution of ionized hydrogen and the
21 cm signal at different values of redshift are presented for magnetic fields
with field ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1805.10943v1 | 1805.10943 | 2018-05-28 | natural-language-processing |
21CMMC: an MCMC analysis tool enabling astrophysical parameter studies of the cosmic 21 cm signal | We introduce 21CMMC: a parallelized, Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis tool,
incorporating the epoch of reionization (EoR) seminumerical simulation
21CMFAST. 21CMMC estimates astrophysical parameter constraints from 21 cm EoR
experiments, accommodating a variety of EoR models, as well as priors on model
parameters and ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1501.06576v2 | 1501.06576 | 2015-01-26 | natural-language-processing |
21CMMC with a 3D light-cone: the impact of the co-evolution approximation on the astrophysics of reionisation and cosmic dawn | We extend 21CMMC, a Monte Carlo Markov Chain sampler of 3D reionisation
simulations, to perform parameter estimation directly on 3D light-cones of the
cosmic 21cm signal. This brings theoretical analysis closer to the tomographic
21-cm observations achievable with next generation interferometers like HERA
and the SKA. ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1801.01592v1 | 1801.01592 | 2018-01-05 | natural-language-processing |
21-cm observations and warm dark matter models | Observations of the redshifted 21-cm signal (in absorption or emission) allow
us to peek into the epoch of "dark ages" and the onset of reionization. These
data can provide a novel way to learn about the nature of dark matter, in
particular about the formation of small size dark matter halos. However, the
connection be... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.03097v2 | 1904.03097 | 2019-12-10 | natural-language-processing |
21 cm observations: calibration, strategies, observables | This chapter aims to provide a review of the basics of 21 cm interferometric
observations and its methodologies. A summary of the main concepts of radio
interferometry and their connection with the 21 cm observables - power spectra
and images - is presented. I then provide a review of interferometric
calibration and it... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11938v1 | 1909.11938 | 2019-09-26 | natural-language-processing |
21-cm power spectrum and ionization bias as a probe of long-mode modulated non Gaussian sky | The observed hemispherical power asymmetry in cosmic microwave background
radiation can be explained by long wavelength mode (long-mode) modulation. In
this work we study the prospect of the detection of this effect in the angular
power spectrum of 21-cm brightness temperature. For this task, we study the
effect of the... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1812.11150v3 | 1812.11150 | 2019-08-15 | natural-language-processing |
21 cm Power Spectrum for Bimetric Gravity and its Detectability with SKA1-Mid Telescope | We consider a modified gravity theory through a special kind of ghost-free bimetric gravity, where one massive spin-2 field interacts with a massless spin-2 field. In this bimetric gravity, the late time cosmic acceleration is achievable. Alongside the background expansion of the Universe, we also study the first-order... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.03875v1 | 2306.03875 | 2023-06-06 | natural-language-processing |
21 cm power spectrum in interacting cubic Galileon model | We show the detectability of interacting and non-interacting cubic Galileon models from the $\Lambda$CDM model through the 21 cm power spectrum. We show that the interferometric observations like the upcoming SKA1-mid can detect both the interacting and the non-interacting cubic Galileon model from the $\Lambda$CDM mod... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.11560v1 | 2208.11560 | 2022-08-24 | natural-language-processing |
21cmSense v2: A modular, open-source 21cm sensitivity calculator | The 21cm line of neutral hydrogen is a powerful probe of the high-redshift universe (Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization), with an unprecedented potential to inform us about key processes of early galaxy formation, the first stars and even cosmology and structure formation, via intensity mapping. It is the subjec... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.02415v1 | 2406.02415 | 2024-06-04 | natural-language-processing |
21-cm signal from cosmic dawn - II: Imprints of the light-cone effects | Details of various unknown physical processes during the cosmic dawn and the
epoch of reionization can be extracted from observations of the redshifted
21-cm signal. These observations, however, will be affected by the evolution of
the signal along the line-of-sight which is known as the "light-cone effect".
We model t... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.05601v2 | 1504.05601 | 2015-08-12 | natural-language-processing |
21cm signal from Dark Ages collapsing halos with detailed molecular cooling treatment | Context. In order to understand the formation of the first stars, which set the transition between the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn epochs, it is necessary to provide a detailed description of the physics at work within the first clouds of gas which, during their gravitational collapse, will set the conditions for stars t... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.08479v1 | 2404.08479 | 2024-04-12 | natural-language-processing |
21-cm Signal from the Epoch of Reionization: A Machine Learning upgrade to Foreground Removal with Gaussian Process Regression | In recent years, a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) based framework has been developed for foreground mitigation from data collected by the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR), to measure the 21-cm signal power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) and Cosmic Dawn. However, it has been noted that through this method t... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16633v2 | 2311.16633 | 2023-11-28 | natural-language-processing |
21cm signal predictions at Cosmic Dawn and Reionization with coupled radiative-hydrodynamics | The process of heating and reionization of the Universe at high redshift links small scale structures/galaxy formation and large scale inter-galactic medium properties. Even if the first one is difficult to observe, an observation window is opening on the second one, with the promising development of current and future... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03061v1 | 2103.03061 | 2021-03-04 | natural-language-processing |
21cm Signal Recovery via the Robust Principle Component Analysis | The redshifted 21~cm signal from neutral hydrogen (HI) is potentially a very
powerful probe for cosmology, but a difficulty in its observation is that it is
much weaker than foreground radiation from the Milky Way as well as
extragalactic radio sources. The foreground radiation at different frequencies
are however cohe... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1801.04082v1 | 1801.04082 | 2018-01-12 | natural-language-processing |
21cm signal sensitivity to dark matter decay | The redshifted 21cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn is expected to provide unprecedented insights into early Universe astrophysics and cosmology. Here we explore how dark matter can heat the intergalactic medium before the first galaxies, leaving a distinctive imprint in the 21cm power spectrum. We provide the first dedica... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.16656v2 | 2308.16656 | 2023-08-31 | natural-language-processing |
21-cm signature of the first sources in the Universe: Prospects of detection with SKA | Currently several low-frequency experiments are being planned to study the
nature of the first stars using the redshifted 21-cm signal from the cosmic
dawn and epoch of reionization. Using a one-dimensional radiative transfer
code, we model the 21-cm signal pattern around the early sources for different
source models, ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1511.07448v2 | 1511.07448 | 2016-05-12 | natural-language-processing |
21-cm signatures of residual HI inside cosmic HII regions during reionization | We investigate the impact of sinks of ionizing radiation on the
reionization-era 21-cm signal, focusing on 1-point statistics. We consider
sinks in both the intergalactic medium and inside galaxies. At a fixed filling
factor of HII regions, sinks will have two main effects on the 21-cm
morphology: (i) as inhomogeneous ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1501.01970v2 | 1501.01970 | 2015-05-27 | natural-language-processing |
21cmVAE: A Very Accurate Emulator of the 21-cm Global Signal | Considerable observational efforts are being dedicated to measuring the sky-averaged (global) 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization. Deriving observational constraints on the astrophysics of this era requires modeling tools that can quickly and accurately generate theoretical s... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.05581v4 | 2107.05581 | 2021-07-12 | natural-language-processing |
21-Component Compositionally Complex Ceramics: Discovery of Ultrahigh-Entropy Weberite and Fergusonite Phases and a Pyrochlore-Weberite Transition | Two new high-entropy ceramics (HECs) in the weberite and fergusonite structures, along with unexpected formation of ordered pyrochlore phases with ultrahigh-entropy compositions and an abrupt pyrochlore-weberite transition, are discovered in a 21-component oxide system. While the Gibbs phase rule allows 21 equilibrium ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.15381v2 | 2112.15381 | 2021-12-31 | natural-language-processing |
2+1d Compact Lifshitz Theory, Tensor Gauge Theory, and Fractons | The 2+1d continuum Lifshitz theory of a free compact scalar field plays a prominent role in a variety of quantum systems in condensed matter physics and high energy physics. It is known that in compact space, it has an infinite ground state degeneracy. In order to understand this theory better, we consider two candidat... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.10030v2 | 2209.10030 | 2022-09-20 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 d Georgi Glashow Model Near Critical Temperature | We study correlations functions of magnetic vortices $V$ and Polyakov loop
$P$ operators in the 2+1 dimensional Georgi-Glashow model in the vicinity of
the deconfining phase transition. In this regime the (dimensionally reduced)
model is mapped onto a free theory of two massive Majorana fermions. We utilize
this fermio... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.07267v2 | 1612.07267 | 2017-04-11 | natural-language-processing |
$(2+1)$-dimensional AKNS($-N$) Systems: $ N=3,4$ | In this work we continue to study negative AKNS($N$) that is AKNS($-N$)
system for $N=3,4$. We obtain all possible local and nonlocal reductions of
these equations. We construct the Hirota bilinear forms of these equations and
find one-soliton solutions. From the reduction formulas we obtain also
one-soliton solutions ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.11298v1 | 1910.11298 | 2019-10-24 | natural-language-processing |
$(2+1)$-Dimensional Black Holes in $f(R,φ)$ Gravity | We consider a $f(R)$ gravity theory in $(2+1)$-dimensions with a self-interacting scalar field non-minimally coupled to gravity. Without specifying the form of the $f(R)$ function, solving the field equations we find that the Ricci scalar receives a non-linear correction term which breaks the conformal invariance and l... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.00035v2 | 2201.00035 | 2021-12-31 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-dimensional Chern-Simons bi-gravity with AdS Lie bialgebra as an interacting theory of two massless spin-2 fields | We introduce a new Lie bialgebra structure for the anti de Sitter (AdS) Lie
algebra in (2+1)-dimensional spacetime. By gauging the resulting \textit{AdS
Lie bialgebra}, we write a Chern-Simons gauge theory of bi-gravity involving
two dreibeins rather than two metrics, which describes two interacting massless
spin-2 fie... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02129v3 | 1706.02129 | 2018-08-27 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1) dimensional cosmological models in f(R; T) gravity with $Λ$(R; T) | We intend to study a new class of cosmological models in $f(R, T)$ modified theories of gravity, hence define the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ as a function of the trace of the stress energy-momentum-tensor $T$ and the Ricci scalar $R$, and name such a model "$\Lambda(R, T)$ gravity" where we have specified a certai... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.11355v1 | 2003.11355 | 2020-03-19 | natural-language-processing |
(2 +1)-dimensional Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau oscillator under a magnetic field in the presence of a minimal length in the noncommutative space | Using the momentum space representation, we study the (2 +1)-dimensional
Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau oscillator for spin 0 particle under a magnetic field in
the presence of a minimal length in the noncommutative space. The explicit form
of energy eigenvalues are found, the wave functions and the corresponding
probability den... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1706.04298v1 | 1706.04298 | 2017-06-14 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 dimensional Fermions on the low-buckled honey-comb structured lattice plane and classical Casimir-Polder force | We have calculated the Casimir-Polder interaction (CPI) of a micro-particle
with a sheet on the basis of the Klimchitskaya-Mostepanenko theory. We find the
result that for non-trivial susceptibility values of the sheet and
micro-particle, there is crossover between attractive and repulsive behavior.
The transition depe... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1505.07036v3 | 1505.07036 | 2016-07-10 | natural-language-processing |
$2+1$ dimensional Floquet systems and lattice fermions: Exact bulk spectral equivalence | A connection has recently been proposed between periodically driven systems known as Floquet insulators in continuous time and static fermion theories in discrete time. This connection has been established in a $(1+1)$-dimensional free theory, where an explicit mapping between the spectra of a Floquet insulator and a d... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.18226v2 | 2410.18226 | 2024-10-23 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-dimensional f(R) gravity solutions via Hojman symmetry | In this paper, we use the Hojman symmetry approach to find new $(2+1)$-dimensional $f(R)$ gravity solutions, in comparison to Noether symmetry approach. In the special case of Hojman symmetry vector $X=R$, we recover $(2+1)$-dimensional BTZ black hole and generalized $(2+1)$-dimensional BTZ black hole solutions, obtain... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.08424v3 | 2010.08424 | 2020-10-16 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 dimensional gravity | It gives me great pleasure to review some of the joint work by Tullio Regge
and myself. We worked intensely on 2+1-dimensional gravity from 1989 for about
five years, and published 16 articles. I will present and review two of our
early articles, highlighting what I believe are the most important results,
some of them ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1804.08456v2 | 1804.08456 | 2018-04-24 | natural-language-processing |
2+1-dimensional gravity coupled to a dust shell: quantization in terms of global phase space variables | We perform canonical analysis of a model in which gravity is coupled to a
spherically symmetric dust shell in 2+1 spacetime dimensions. The result is a
reduced action depending on a finite number of degrees of freedom. The emphasis
is made on finding canonical variables providing the global chart for the
entire phase s... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1812.11425v1 | 1812.11425 | 2018-12-29 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-Dimensional Gravity in Weyl Integrable Spacetime | We investigate (2+1)-dimensional gravity in a Weyl integrable spacetime
(WIST). We show that, unlike general relativity, this scalar-tensor theory has
a Newtonian limit for any dimension and that in three dimensions the congruence
of world lines of particles of a pressureless fluid has a non-vanishing
geodesic deviatio... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.04186v1 | 1503.04186 | 2015-03-13 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-dimensional interacting model of two massless spin-2 fields as a bi-gravity model | We propose a new group-theoretical (Chern-Simons) formulation for the
bi-metric theory of gravity in (2+1)-dimensional spacetime which describe two
interacting massless spin-2 fields. Our model has been formulated in terms of
two dreibeins rather than two metrics. We obtain our Chern-Simons gravity model
by gauging {\i... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1705.11042v4 | 1705.11042 | 2018-04-24 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-dimensional interface dynamics: mixing time, hydrodynamic limit and Anisotropic KPZ growth | Stochastic interface dynamics serve as mathematical models for diverse
time-dependent physical phenomena: the evolution of boundaries between
thermodynamic phases, crystal growth, random deposition... Interesting limits
arise at large space-time scales: after suitable rescaling, the randomly
evolving interface converge... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.05571v1 | 1711.05571 | 2017-11-15 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-dimensional KdV, fifth-order KdV, and Gardner equations derived from the ideal fluid model. Soliton, cnoidal and superposition solutions | We study the problem of gravity surface waves for an ideal fluid model in the (2+1)-dimensional case. We apply a systematic procedure to derive the Boussinesq equations for a given relation between the orders of four expansion parameters, the amplitude parameter $\alpha$, the long-wavelength parameter $\beta$, the tran... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.08964v3 | 2206.08964 | 2022-06-17 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 dimensional loop quantum cosmology of Bianchi I models | We study the anisotropic Bianchi I loop quantum cosmology in 2+1 dimensions.
Both the $\mubar$ and $\mubar'$ schemes are considered in the present paper and
the following expected results are established: (i) the massless scalar field
again play the role of emergent time variables and serves as an internal clock;
(ii) ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1602.07478v1 | 1602.07478 | 2016-02-24 | natural-language-processing |
$(2+1)$-dimensional regular black holes with nonlinear electrodynamics sources | On the basis of two requirements: the avoidance of the curvature singularity
and the Maxwell theory as the weak field limit of the nonlinear
electrodynamics, we find two restricted conditions on the metric function of
$(2+1)$-dimensional regular black hole in general relativity coupled with
nonlinear electrodynamics so... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1709.09473v1 | 1709.09473 | 2017-09-27 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)$-dimensional sonic black hole from spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate and its analogue Hawking radiation | We study the properties of a $2+1$ dimensional Sonic black hole (SBH) that
can be realised, in a quasi-two-dimensional two-component spin-orbit coupled
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). The corresponding equation for phase
fluctuations in the total density mode that describes phonon field in the
hydrodynamic approximatio... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04860v3 | 1810.04860 | 2020-07-29 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-dimensional Static Cyclic Symmetric Traversable Wormhole: Quasinormal Modes and Causality | In this paper we study a static cyclic symmetric traversable wormhole in
$(2+1)-$dimensional gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics in anti-de
Sitter spacetime. The solution is characterized by three parameters: mass $M$,
cosmological constant $\Lambda$ and one electromagnetic parameter,
$q_{\alpha}$. The causali... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04360v2 | 1906.04360 | 2019-10-26 | natural-language-processing |
2+1-dimensional traversable wormholes supported by positive energy | We revisit the shapes of the throats of wormholes, including thin-shell
wormholes (TSWs) in $2+1-$dimensions. In particular, in the case of TSWs this
is done in a flat $2+1-$dimensional bulk spacetime by using the standard method
of cut-and-paste. Upon departing from a pure time-dependent circular shape
i.e., $r=a\left... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.2686v2 | 1409.2686 | 2015-02-17 | natural-language-processing |
2+1-dimensional wormhole from a doublet of scalar fields | We present a class of exact solutions in the framework of $2+1-$dimensional
Einstein gravity coupled minimally to a doublet of scalar fields. Our solution
can be interpreted upon tuning of parameters as an asymptotically flat wormhole
as well as a particle model in $2+1-$dimensions. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.07257v1 | 1507.07257 | 2015-07-26 | natural-language-processing |
2+1D symmetry-topological-order from local symmetric operators in 1+1D | A generalized symmetry (defined by the algebra of local symmetric operators) can go beyond group or higher group description. A theory of generalized symmetry (up to holo-equivalence) was developed in terms of symmetry-TO -- a bosonic topological order (TO) with gappable boundary in one higher dimension. We propose a g... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.05790v1 | 2310.05790 | 2023-10-09 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)D topological phases with RT symmetry: many-body invariant, classification, and higher order edge modes | It is common in condensed matter systems for reflection ($R$) and time-reversal ($T$) symmetry to both be broken while the combination $RT$ is preserved. In this paper we study invariants that arise due to $RT$ symmetry. We consider many-body systems of interacting fermions with fermionic symmetry groups $G_f = \mathbb... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.18887v1 | 2403.18887 | 2024-03-27 | natural-language-processing |
$2+1$ Einstein-Klein-Gordon black holes by gravitational decoupling | In this work we study the 2+1 Einstein-Klein-Gordon system in the framework of Gravitational Decoupling. We associate the generic matter decoupling sector with a real scalar field so we can obtain a constraint which allows to close the system of differential equations. The constraint corresponds to a differential equat... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.00661v2 | 2203.00661 | 2022-03-01 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 Flavor Domain Wall Fermion QCD Lattices: Ensemble Production and (some) Properties | The RBC and UKQCD Collaborations continue to produce 2+1 flavor domain wall
fermion ensembles, currently focusing on an ensemble with a $96^3 \times 192$
volume on SUMMIT at ORNL with $1/a \approx 2.8$ GeV, and smaller ensembles at
stronger couplings. The $1/a \approx 2.8$ GeV ensemble uses the Exact One
Flavor Algorit... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.13150v1 | 1912.13150 | 2019-12-31 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 flavor fine lattice simulation at finite temperature with domain-wall fermions | Simulations for the thermodynamics of the 2+1 flavor QCD are performed employing chiral fermions. The use of M\"obius domain-wall fermions with stout-link smearing is more effective on the finer lattices where all the relevant chiral symmetries are realized more accurately. We report on the initial simulations near the... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.11771v1 | 2112.11771 | 2021-12-22 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 flavor QCD simulation on a $96^4$ lattice | We generate $2+1$ flavor QCD configurations near the physical point on a
$96^4$ lattice employing the 6-APE stout smeared Wilson clover action with a
nonperturbative $c_{\rm SW}$ and the Iwasaki gauge action at $\beta=1.82$. The
physical point is estimated based on the chiral perturbation theory using
several data poin... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1511.09222v1 | 1511.09222 | 2015-11-30 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1)-flavor QCD Thermodynamics from the Gradient Flow | Recently, we proposed a novel method to define and calculate the
energy-momentum tensor (EMT) in lattice gauge theory on the basis of the
Yang-Mills gradient flow [1]. In this proceedings, we summarize the basic idea
and technical steps to obtain the bulk thermodynamic quantities in lattice
gauge theory using this meth... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1511.03009v1 | 1511.03009 | 2015-11-10 | natural-language-processing |
2+1 flavors QCD equation of state at zero temperature within Dyson-Schwinger equations | Within the framework of Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs), we discuss the
equation of state (EOS) and quark number densities of 2+1 flavors, that is to
say, $u$, $d$, and $s$ quarks. The chemical equilibrium and electric charge
neutrality conditions are used to constrain the chemical potential of different
quarks. The E... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.06846v1 | 1506.06846 | 2015-06-23 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1) Lorentzian quantum cosmology from spin-foams: opportunities and obstacles for semi-classicality | We construct an effective cosmological spin-foam model for a (2+1) dimensional spatially flat universe, discretized on a hypercubical lattice, containing both space- and time-like regions. Our starting point is the recently proposed coherent state spin-foam model for (2+1) Lorentzian quantum gravity. The full amplitude... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.08109v3 | 2411.08109 | 2024-11-12 | natural-language-processing |
21 Million Opportunities: A 19 Facility Investigation of Factors Affecting Hand Hygiene Compliance via Linear Predictive Models | This large-scale study, consisting of 21.3 million hand hygiene opportunities
from 19 distinct facilities in 10 different states, uses linear predictive
models to expose factors that may affect hand hygiene compliance. We examine
the use of features such as temperature, relative humidity, influenza severity,
day/night ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1801.09546v1 | 1801.09546 | 2018-01-26 | natural-language-processing |
21 new long-term variables in the GX 339-4 field: two years of MeerKAT monitoring | We present 21 new long-term variable radio sources found commensally in two years of weekly MeerKAT monitoring of the low-mass X-ray binary GX 339-4. The new sources vary on time scales of weeks to months and have a variety of light curve shapes and spectral index properties. Three of the new variable sources are coinc... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.09806v1 | 2203.09806 | 2022-03-18 | natural-language-processing |
(2+1) Regge Calculus: Discrete Curvatures, Bianchi Identity, and Gauss-Codazzi Equation | The first results presented in our article are the clear definitions of both
intrinsic and extrinsic discrete curvatures in terms of holonomy and
plane-angle representation, a clear relation with their deficit angles, and
their clear geometrical interpretations in the first order discrete geometry.
The second results a... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1709.08373v1 | 1709.08373 | 2017-09-25 | natural-language-processing |
21st century change in ocean response to climate forcing | Modeling globally averaged information on climate forcing from the land
surface temperature data, the sea surface temperatures (SST) and the
empirically determined relationship between the changes in SST and the
turbulent diffusion of heat into the upper ocean demonstrates a consistent
link. The modeling is accurate th... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.04809v1 | 1507.04809 | 2015-07-17 | natural-language-processing |
21st Century Computer Architecture | Because most technology and computer architecture innovations were
(intentionally) invisible to higher layers, application and other software
developers could reap the benefits of this progress without engaging in it.
Higher performance has both made more computationally demanding applications
feasible (e.g., virtual a... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.06756v1 | 1609.06756 | 2016-09-21 | natural-language-processing |
21st Century Global and Regional Surface Temperature Projections | Many regions across the globe broke their surface temperature records in recent years, further sparking concerns about the impending arrival of "tipping points" later in the 21st century. This study analyzes observed global surface temperature trends in three target latitudinal regions: the Arctic Circle, the Tropics, ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03245v2 | 2210.03245 | 2022-10-06 | natural-language-processing |
21st Century Planar Field Emission Theory and its Role in Vacuum Breakdown Science | For explaining electrical breakdown, field electron emission (FE) is a mechanism of interest. In the period 2006 to 2010 there were significant developments in basic FE theory, but these have not yet fully entered general thinking in technological FE areas, which are often still based on 1960s thinking or (in some cont... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.08801v2 | 2107.08801 | 2021-07-19 | natural-language-processing |
21st Century Statistical and Computational Challenges in Astrophysics | Modern astronomy has been rapidly increasing our ability to see deeper into
the universe, acquiring enormous samples of cosmic populations. Gaining
astrophysical insights from these datasets requires a wide range of
sophisticated statistical and machine learning methods. Long-standing problems
in cosmology include char... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.13025v1 | 2005.13025 | 2020-05-26 | natural-language-processing |
$21^{st}$ Century Statistical Disclosure Limitation: Motivations and Challenges | This chapter examines the motivations and imperatives for modernizing how statistical agencies approach statistical disclosure limitation for official data product releases. It discusses the implications for agencies' broader data governance and decision-making, and it identifies challenges that agencies will likely fa... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.00845v1 | 2303.00845 | 2023-03-01 | natural-language-processing |
21 years of Astronomy at Warwick: celebrating the legacy of Prof. Tom Marsh | Between the 4th and 6th of September 2024, the Astronomy & Astrophysics group at the University of Warwick held a meeting to celebrate 21 years of astronomy at Warwick and the scientific legacy of the late Prof. Tom Marsh, the group founder. More than a hundred people attended the meeting, with about half of the attend... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20954v1 | 2504.20954 | 2025-04-29 | natural-language-processing |
21-year timing of the black-widow pulsar J2051-0827 | Timing results for the black-widow pulsar J2051-0827 are presented, using a
21-year dataset from four European Pulsar Timing Array telescopes and the
Parkes radio telescope. This dataset, which is the longest published to date
for a black-widow system, allows for an improved analysis that addresses
previously unknown b... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.04167v1 | 1607.04167 | 2016-07-14 | natural-language-processing |
220 GHz RIS-Aided Multi-user Terahertz Communication System: Prototype Design and Over-the-Air Experimental Trials | Terahertz (THz) communication technology is regarded as a promising enabler for achieving ultra-high data rate transmission in next-generation communication systems. To mitigate the high path loss in THz systems, the transmitting beams are typically narrow and highly directional, which makes it difficult for a single b... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.16970v1 | 2502.16970 | 2025-02-24 | natural-language-processing |
220 GHz Urban Microcell Channel Measurement and Characterization on a University Campus | Owning abundant bandwidth resources, the Terahertz (THz) band (0.1-10~THz) is envisioned as a key technology to realize ultra-high-speed communications in 6G and beyond wireless networks. To realize reliable THz communications in urban microcell (UMi) environments, propagation analysis and channel characterization are ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.15772v1 | 2408.15772 | 2024-08-28 | natural-language-processing |
$^{222}$Rn contamination mechanisms on acrylic surfaces | In this work, the $^{222}$Rn contamination mechanisms on acrylic surfaces
have been investigated. $^{222}$Rn can represent a significant background
source for low-background experiments, and acrylic is a suitable material for
detector design thanks to its purity and transparency. Four acrylic samples
have been exposed ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.04836v1 | 1911.04836 | 2019-11-12 | natural-language-processing |
$^{222}$Rn content variations at ground and underground conditions | The activity of $^{222}$Rn and its daughter isotopes was measured in the air of several underground laboratories of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory at various distances from the entrance. The measurements were carried out with the help of the cylindrical ionionization air chamber. We found that the radon content in the... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.15289v2 | 2110.15289 | 2021-10-28 | natural-language-processing |
$^{222}$Rn emanation measurements for the XENON1T experiment | The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of utmost
importance for the success of low-energy rare event search experiments. Besides
radioactive contaminants in the bulk, the emanation of radioactive radon atoms
from material surfaces attains increasing relevance in the effort to further
reduce the back... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2009.13981v2 | 2009.13981 | 2020-09-30 | natural-language-processing |
$^{229}\mathrm{ThF}_4$ thin films for solid-state nuclear clocks | After nearly fifty years of searching, the vacuum ultraviolet $^{229}$Th nuclear isomeric transition has recently been directly laser excited [1,2] and measured with high spectroscopic precision [3]. Nuclear clocks based on this transition are expected to be more robust [4,5] than and may outperform [6,7] current optic... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.01753v1 | 2410.01753 | 2024-10-02 | natural-language-processing |
229 nm UV LEDs using p-type silicon for increased hole injection | Ultraviolet (UV) light emission at 229 nm wavelength from diode structures
based on AlN/Al0.77Ga0.23N quantum wells and using p-type Si to significantly
increase hole injection was reported. Both electrical and optical
characteristics were measured. Owing to the large concentration of holes from
p-Si and efficient hole... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1708.03973v1 | 1708.03973 | 2017-08-13 | natural-language-processing |
229Th-doped nonlinear optical crystals for compact solid-state clocks | The recent laser excitation of the 229Th isomeric transition in a solid-state host opens the door for a portable solid-state nuclear optical clock. However, at present the vacuum-ultraviolet laser systems required for clock operation are not conducive to a fieldable form factor. Here, we propose a possible solution to ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.23364v1 | 2410.23364 | 2024-10-30 | natural-language-processing |
(2,2) and (0,4) Supersymmetric Boundary Conditions in 3d N = 4 Theories and Type IIB Branes | The half-BPS boundary conditions preserving $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ and
$\mathcal{N}=(0,4)$ supersymmetry in 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric gauge
theories are examined. The BPS equations admit decomposition of the bulk
supermultiplets into specific boundary supermultiplets of preserved
supersymmetry. Nahm-like equations... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1608.05363v4 | 1608.05363 | 2017-11-30 | natural-language-processing |
2+2D Texture for Full Positive Parallax Effect | The representation of parallax on virtual environment is still a problem to be studied. Common algorithms, such as Bump Mapping, Parallax Mapping and Displacement Mapping, treats this problem for small disparity between a real object and a simplified model. This work will introduce a new texture structure and one possi... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.16815v1 | 2402.16815 | 2024-02-26 | natural-language-processing |
22 Examples of Solution Compression via Derandomization | We provide bounds on the compression size of the solutions to 22 problems in computer science. For each problem, we show that solutions exist with high probability, for some simple probability measure. Once this is proven, derandomization can be used to prove the existence of a simple solution. | https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.11562v4 | 2208.11562 | 2022-08-24 | natural-language-processing |
(2,2) Geometry from Gauge Theory | Using gauge theory, we describe how to construct generalized Kahler
geometries with (2,2) two-dimensional supersymmetry, which are analogues of
familiar examples like projective spaces and Calabi-Yau manifolds. For special
cases, T-dual descriptions can be found which are squashed Kahler spaces. We
explore the vacuum s... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1810.01388v2 | 1810.01388 | 2018-10-16 | natural-language-processing |
2-2-holes simplified | Quadratic gravity illustrates how a replacement for black holes can emerge from a UV completion of gravity. 2-2-holes are extremely compact horizonless objects with an entropy $S_{22}$ due to trapped normal matter, and in this way they are conceptually easy to understand. But the field equations are cumbersome and the ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.08442v2 | 2202.08442 | 2022-02-17 | natural-language-processing |
$^{22}$Na Activation Level Measurements of Fused Silica Rods in the LHC Target Absorber for Neutrals (TAN) Compared to FLUKA Simulations | The Target Absorbers for Neutrals (TANs) are located in a high-intensity radiation environment inside the tunnel of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). TANs are positioned about $140$ m downstream from the beam interaction points. Seven $40$ cm long fused silica rods with different dopant specifications were irradiated in... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.01937v2 | 2204.01937 | 2022-04-05 | natural-language-processing |
$^{22}$Ne and $^{23}$Na ejecta from intermediate-mass stars: The impact of the new LUNA rate for $^{22}$Ne(p,$\gamma$)$^{23}$Na | We investigate the impact of the new LUNA rate for the nuclear reaction
$^{22}$Ne$(p,\gamma)^{23}$Na on the chemical ejecta of intermediate-mass stars,
with particular focus on the thermally-pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB)
stars that experience hot-bottom burning. To this aim we use the PARSEC and
COLIBRI code... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.07742v1 | 1611.07742 | 2016-11-23 | natural-language-processing |
$^{22}$Ne Phase Separation As A Solution To The Ultramassive White Dwarf Cooling Anomaly | The precise astrometric measurements of the Gaia Data Release 2 have opened the door to detailed tests of the predictions of white dwarf cooling models. Significant discrepancies between theory and observations have been identified, the most striking affecting ultramassive white dwarfs. Cheng et al. (2019) found that a... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.12892v1 | 2103.12892 | 2021-03-23 | natural-language-processing |
$(2,2p+1)$ minimal string and intersection theory I | In view of recent progress in studying matrix model-2D gravity duality, we reexamine some features of $(2,2p+1)$ minimal string. After reviewing both sides of the proposed correspondence in this case, a previously unnoted identification between correlation numbers of tachyon operators in certain domain of parameter spa... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.02305v4 | 2403.02305 | 2024-03-04 | natural-language-processing |
$(2,2)$ Scattering and the Celestial Torus | Analytic continuation from Minkowski space to $(2,2)$ split signature spacetime has proven to be a powerful tool for the study of scattering amplitudes. Here we show that, under this continuation, null infinity becomes the product of a null interval with a celestial torus (replacing the celestial sphere) and has only o... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.09591v1 | 2101.09591 | 2021-01-23 | natural-language-processing |
(2,2) Superconformal Bootstrap in Two Dimensions | We find a simple relation between two-dimensional BPS N=2 superconformal
blocks and bosonic Virasoro conformal blocks, which allows us to analyze the
crossing equations for BPS 4-point functions in unitary (2,2) superconformal
theories numerically with semidefinite programming. We constrain gaps in the
non-BPS spectrum... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.05371v1 | 1610.05371 | 2016-10-17 | natural-language-processing |
22 Year Solar Magnetic Cycle and its relation to Convection Zone Dynamics | Using continuous observations for 22 years from ground-based network GONG and
space-borne instruments MDI onboard {\it SoHO} and HMI onboard {\it SDO}, we
report both global and local properties of the convection zone and their
variations with time. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1805.05371v1 | 1805.05371 | 2018-05-14 | natural-language-processing |
230,439 Test Failures Later: An Empirical Evaluation of Flaky Failure Classifiers | Flaky tests are tests that can non-deterministically pass or fail, even in the absence of code changes.Despite being a source of false alarms, flaky tests often remain in test suites once they are detected, as they also may be relied upon to detect true failures. Hence, a key open problem in flaky test research is: How... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.15788v1 | 2401.15788 | 2024-01-28 | natural-language-processing |
230 GHz VLBI observations of M87: event-horizon-scale structure at the enhanced very-high-energy $\rm \gamma$-ray state in 2012 | We report on 230 GHz (1.3 mm) VLBI observations of M87 with the Event Horizon
Telescope using antennas on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, Mt. Graham in Arizona and
Cedar Flat in California. For the first time, we have acquired 230 GHz VLBI
interferometric phase information on M87 through measurement of closure phase
on the triang... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1505.03545v3 | 1505.03545 | 2015-06-19 | natural-language-processing |
23, 381, 6242, 103268, 1743183, ...: Hilbert series for CP-violating operators in SMEFT | We introduce a systematic method to classify the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) operators based on their CP properties with the Hilbert series techniques. Our method makes it possible to enumerate operators violating CP symmetry in a few seconds. We present the complete classification of dimension eight ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.02413v3 | 2212.02413 | 2022-12-05 | natural-language-processing |
23.8-GHz Acoustic Filter in Periodically Poled Piezoelectric Film Lithium Niobate With 1.52-dB IL and 19.4% FBW | This paper reports the first piezoelectric acoustic filter in periodically poled piezoelectric film (P3F) lithium niobate (LiNbO3) at 23.8 GHz with low insertion loss (IL) of 1.52 dB and 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 19.4%. The filter features a compact footprint of 0.64 mm2. The third-order ladder filter is imple... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.12194v2 | 2402.12194 | 2024-02-19 | natural-language-processing |
${}^{239}$Pu nuclear magnetic resonance in the candidate topological insulator PuB$_4$ | We present a detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study of ${}^{239}$Pu
in bulk and powdered single-crystal plutonium tetraboride (PuB$_4$), which has
recently been investigated as a potential correlated topological insulator.
This study constitutes the second-ever observation of the ${}^{239}$Pu NMR
signal, and p... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1812.09202v1 | 1812.09202 | 2018-12-21 | natural-language-processing |
2-, 3- and 4-Body Decays in the Constructive Standard Model | We further develop the massive constructive theory of the Standard Model and
use it to calculate the amplitude and squared amplitude for all two-body
decays, a collection of weak three-body decays, as well as Higgs decay to four
neutrinos. We compare our results with those from Feynman diagrams and find
complete agreem... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.09164v2 | 1909.09164 | 2020-03-30 | natural-language-processing |
"23andMe confirms: I'm super white" -- Analyzing Twitter Discourse On Genetic Testing | Recent progress in genomics is bringing genetic testing to the masses.
Participatory public initiatives are underway to sequence the genome of
millions of volunteers, and a new market is booming with a number of companies
like 23andMe and AncestryDNA offering affordable tests directly to consumers.
Consequently, news, ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1801.09946v2 | 1801.09946 | 2018-04-20 | natural-language-processing |
23-bit Metaknowledge Template Towards Big Data Knowledge Discovery and Management | The global influence of Big Data is not only growing but seemingly endless.
The trend is leaning towards knowledge that is attained easily and quickly from
massive pools of Big Data. Today we are living in the technological world that
Dr. Usama Fayyad and his distinguished research fellows discussed in the
introductory... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.00244v1 | 1503.00244 | 2015-03-01 | natural-language-processing |
(2,3)-Cordial Oriented Hypercubes | In this article we investigate the existence of (2,3)-cordial labelings of oriented hypercubes. In this investigation, we determine that there exists a (2,3)-cordial oriented hypercube for any dimension divisible by 3. Next, we provide examples of (2,3)-cordial oriented hypercubes of dimension not divisible by 3 and st... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.11091v3 | 2012.11091 | 2020-12-21 | natural-language-processing |
(2,3) Cordial Trees and Paths | Recently L. B. Beasley introduced $(2,3)$-cordial labelings of directed graphs in [1]. He made two conjectures which we resolve in this article. He conjectured that every orientation of a path of length at least five is $(2,3)$ cordial, and that every tree of max degree $n =3$ has a cordial orientation. We show these t... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.10591v2 | 2012.10591 | 2020-12-19 | natural-language-processing |
23 DoF Grasping Policies from a Raw Point Cloud | Coordinating the motion of robots with high degrees of freedom (DoF) to grasp objects gives rise to many challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel imitation learning approach to learn a policy that directly predicts 23 DoF grasp trajectories from a partial point cloud provided by a single, fixed camera. At the core... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.14400v1 | 2411.14400 | 2024-11-21 | natural-language-processing |
23Na and 1H NMR Relaxometry of Shale at High Magnetic Field | Formation evaluation of unconventional reservoirs is challenging due to the
coexistence of different phases such as kerogen, bitumen, movable and bound
light hydrocarbon and water. Current low-frequency (0.05 T) nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) laboratory and logging methods are incapable of quantitatively
separating t... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1604.07731v1 | 1604.07731 | 2016-04-26 | natural-language-processing |
{23}Na nuclear spin-lattice relaxation studies of Na2Ni2TeO6 | We report on {23}Na NMR studies of a honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet
Na2Ni2TeO6 by {23}Na nuclear spin-echo techniques. The {23}Na nuclear
spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/{23}T_1 exhibits critical divergence near a Neel
temperature T_N = 26 K, a narrow critical region, and a critical exponent w =
0.34 in 1/{23}T_1 = a... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.03003v1 | 1504.03003 | 2015-04-12 | natural-language-processing |
$^{23}$Ne Production at SARAF-I | In this article, we present a measurement of flow rate, yield and effusion
time of a $^{23}$Ne production and transport system. We used an
accelerator-driven Li(d,n) neutron source to produce neutrons up to 20 MeV. The
radioactive atoms were produced by a $^{23}$Na(n,p) reaction at a NaCl target.
Later, the atoms were ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.00478v1 | 2006.00478 | 2020-05-31 | natural-language-processing |
2413-balloon permutations and the growth of the M\"obius function | We show that the growth of the principal M\"obius function on the permutation
poset is exponential. This improves on previous work, which has shown that the
growth is at least polynomial. We define a method of constructing a permutation
from a smaller permutation which we call "ballooning". We show that if $\beta$
is a... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1812.05064v3 | 1812.05064 | 2019-12-12 | natural-language-processing |
$^{242m}$Am isomer yield in $^{243}$Am$(n, 2n)$ reaction | The reaction 243 Am (n, 2n) populates the T of 16 hours ground state 242 g Am with J of 1 or the 242 m Am isomer state J of 5 with T of 141 years. The former state 242 g Am mostly beta decays to 242 Cm, or transmutes to 242 Pu via electron capture. The absolute yield of 242 g Am is compatible with the measured data, es... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.15445v1 | 2406.15445 | 2024-05-30 | natural-language-processing |
24/7 Place Recognition by View Synthesis | We address the problem of large-scale visual place recognition for situations where the scene undergoes a major change in appearance, for example, due to illumination (day/night), change of seasons, aging, or structural modifications over time such as buildings built or destroyed. Such situations represent a major chal... | http://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_cvpr_2015/html/Torii_247_Place_Recognition_2015_CVPR_paper.html | null | 2015-06-01 | natural-language-processing |
$(2,4)$-Colorability of Planar Graphs Excluding $3$-, $4$-, and $6$-Cycles | A defective $k$-coloring is a coloring on the vertices of a graph using colors $1,2, \dots, k$ such that adjacent vertices may share the same color. A $(d_1,d_2)$-\emph{coloring} of a graph $G$ is a defective $2$-coloring of $G$ such that any vertex colored by color $i$ has at most $d_i$ adjacent vertices of the same c... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.07129v1 | 2501.07129 | 2025-01-13 | natural-language-processing |
24 days-stable CNOT-gate on fluxonium qubits with over 99.9% fidelity | Fluxonium qubit is a promising building block for quantum information processing due to its long coherence time and strong anharmonicity. In this paper, we realize a 60 ns direct CNOT-gate on two inductively-coupled fluxonium qubits using selective darkening approach, resulting in a gate fidelity as high as 99.94%. The... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.15783v2 | 2407.15783 | 2024-07-22 | natural-language-processing |
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