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We propose a new UPCI Shared Resource Facility, entitled the Cancer Biomarkers Facility (CBF), which is motivated by the current and rapidly growing demand from UPCI basic and clinical investigators for integrated and cross-disciplinary biomarker investigations. This shared resource is Cancer Center managed. Recent pub...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The objectives of this study are (1) the characterization of some microsomal, mitochondrial or soluble conjugating and hydrating enzymes of extrahepatic tissues as compared to the liver enzymes, (2) to determine the effects of selected xenobiotics upon these enzymes, (3) to assess the relative importance in vivo of thi...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This K01 application proposes career development and research activities customized to facilitate the candidate's (Dr. Noah Webster) transition from conducting basic social science research to behavioral intervention research. The candidate's long-term career goals include becoming an independent research scientist con...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Chronic inflammation has been associated with a variety of human cancers. Although all surgical prostate specimens contain evidence of inflammation, the causal relationship between inflammation and prostate cancer has not been established. Interleulin-17 (IL-17) has been well accepted as a critical cytokine in inflamma...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Models of virus-induced demyelination have been of great interest to investigators concerned with Multiple Sclerosis. We have been studying the murine Theiler's model of virus-induced demyelination, in which data strongly suggest an immunopathologic mechanism of myelin degeneration. The identification of additional ani...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Fungal sepsis, or fungemia, is a serious public health concern afflicting over 100,000 patients every year in the US where almost 38% of those do not survive. In fungemia early targeted treatment is life-saving, and considering the rate at which the disease develops, is perhaps the most crucial factor to improving outc...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are one of the most common problems encountered in clinical practice and affect millions of individuals annually in the United States. These infections may range from uncomplicated superficial SSTI to life-threatening complicated deep SSTI. Treatment of SSTI has been significantly...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This is an application for support for the planning and initial implementation of a program in research in surgical oncology at the Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University. The organizational structure in surgical oncology, and many of the resources required for such a program, alredy exist at this...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
We propose to study and develop for practical use a new class of closed sequential tests of hypotheses which has recently been proposed by the principle investigator. Our research will have two goals: (1) to extend the theory to diverse distributions of data; and (2) to compare numerically the expected sample sizes and...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Work continues on the identification and characterization of circulating immune complexes and aggregates in systemic lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases. Particular attention is focused on cryoprecipitates, complexes which can be precipitated by the first complement component (Clq), and complexes w...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This study aims to examine the nutritional, metabolic and growth effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on children in South Africa, the country with the largest number of children requiring ART in the world. Currently little is known on the effects of ART in children, and what is known comes from industrialized count...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Replication competent vaccinia virus (W), the current vaccine for smallpox, can cause severe complications after vaccination, especially in immune suppressed individuals. We are seeking to develop strains of VV that are replication competent, and thus will induce a strong immune response, without the complications asso...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This application for a Health Services Research Enhancement project aims to strengthen and expand the capacity and infrastructural facilities at the Institute for Urban Research (IUR) and Public Health Program (PHP) at Morgan State University to conduct rigorous health services research. The proposed interdisciplinary ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Approaches to understanding the molecular basis of fertilization have been severely hampered by a lack of knowledge of the macromolecules involved in this process. In particular, the materials surrounding the eggs of most animal organisms, termed egg investments or integuments, play essential roles in several aspects o...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Systemic mastocytosis (SM), a myeloproliferative disorder with variable clinical manifestations, is associated in most cases with the D816V mutation in KIT. The identification of the KIT D816V mutation in patients with systemic mastocytosis has gained a major prognostic significance in the last several years, largely b...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This research is concerned with the possible relationship between protein synthesis and specialized function in the brain. The phenomena investigated include: 1) responses of brain protein synthesizing systems to environmental alterations, 2) physicochemical and metabolic bases for these responses, and 3) the regional ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The project proposes a series of simulation experiments designed to determine the power, robustness, and validity of recently developed methods of segregation and linkage analysis, and to use insights gained from these experiments to analyze pedigree data on blook pressure and other variables related to hypertension. A...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This revised renewal proposal is designed to delineate novel gene regulatory mechanisms and downstream pathways involved in the control of muscle glucose utilization and exercise capacity relevant to the consequences of chronic caloric excess. Current dogma suggests that accumulation of skeletal myocyte lipid leads to ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The objectives of this research program are to investigate dynamical structures, molecular motions, solvation and ligand interactions of DNA oligonucleotides in solution and crystalline solids using molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation and other theoretical and computational methodologies available to molecular ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This is the renewal of the Neurobiology of Adolescent Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) Administrative Core (NADIA Administrative Core-U24, RFA-AA-15-005). The Administrative Core provides administrative and scientific leadership to achieve the goal of our Consortium: to elucidate persistent changes in complex brain functi...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
A successful virus infection involves entry into the cell; uncoating, expression and replication of the genome; assembly and release of infectious virus particles; and defense against specific and non- specific host immune mechanisms. Combined genetic, biochemical, electron microscopic, and immunological approaches are...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Project Summary Sleep deprivation presents an increasing threat to individual health and public safety as well as an economic burden due to lost productivity, traffic accidents, occupational accidents, and skyrocketing healthcare costs. There has been an astonishing rise in the number of individuals affected by sleep d...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Articular cartilage damage is one of the most expensive of the debilitating non-life threatening diseases in the US (Jackson et al., 2001c). Non-arthroplasty treatments for cartilage defects-such as lavage, debridment, and microfracture-appear to provide short term pain relief and the long-term outcome of these procedu...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Reaching for objects is a natural and common behavior. A great deal of behavioral and physiological effort has been devoted to understanding reaching behavior. This project is the continuation of a unique attempt to understand how humans are able to reach accurately despite the highly variable dynamics of their own mov...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Orofacial clefts, specifically cleft lip and cleft palate, are common and costly congenital anomalies whose etiologies remain largely unknown. One of the most promising clues to the causes of orofacial clefts is that women who use vitamins containing folic acid in early pregnancy are at much lower risk for cleft-affect...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This application is a renewal of the application titled "Trial of a Cognitive Intervention for Older Adults." This application is for the Field Site at Johns Hopkins University. Phase I of ACTIVE (Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly) was a randomized controlled trial of three cognitive interve...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The overall objective of this SBIR proposal is to develop and commercialize a human 3D or mini- liver bioassay system suitable for real-time analysis of metabolic functions and long-term drug toxicity profiles. At present, liver functions are mostly studied using HepG2 cell line and primary hepatocytes cultured onto co...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Candida albicans is by far the most frequently isolated human mycotic agent. In the oral cavity, oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a significant cause of morbidity in patients with HIV or AIDS. Other forms of mucosal candidiasis are also frequent in different patient populations such as infants, denture wearers, the e...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The long-term goal of this research is to provide a better understanding of metabolic and physical performance of the heart as affected by diabetes-mellitus. Specifically, I will study the regulation of cyclic AMP and glycogen metabolism along with mechanical performance in hearts from normal and diabetic rats to deter...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Estimates of the hip joint centers (HJC) are usually based on predictions from anatomical landmarks and anthropometrical measures such as pelvic breadth. There is concern regarding the relevance of this approach in patients characterized by obesity or pelvic deformity. Recent investigations have explored estimating HJC...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
by the Chemistry Core. These compounds will be designed as opioid agonists and bradykinin/dynorphin antagonists in order to produce potent and efficacious antinociception targeting the pathology of neuropathic pain while eliminating antinocicpetive tolerance. The Biochemical Core contains 7 aims that will test such nov...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DESCRIPTION, OVERALL (provided by applicant): This application is for continued support of the Digestive Diseases Research Core Center (DDRCC) at Washington University St. Louis, which is the central institutional resource for investigators interested in the regulatory mechanisms and pathophysiology of the gastrointest...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The proposed work combines mutant and biochemical analysis to localize the genes for ribosomal proteins in the eucaryote Drosophila melanogaster. The evolution of ribosomal proteins within the genus Drosophila will be investigated by 1 and 2 dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Tryptic peptide analysis, on o...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
To characterize the cognitive dysfunction,behavioral disorders, type & degree of dyslexia Klinefelter's Syndrome and other sex chromosome aneuploidy.To identify the similarities/differences in the dyslexic phenotype of individuals with XXY, XYY, XXX and isochromosome X Turner's Syndrome subjects. They will be compared ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The bacterium Bartonella henselae causes a variety of disease syndromes including severe systemic life-threatening infections in AIDS patients. The NIH Plan for HIV-Related Research (FY2002) lists objective 2F as "elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of HIV-related opportunistic infections in adults and children." Despit...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The fluid-mosaic model articulated by Singer and Nicholson provides a unifying hypothesis for the structure of biological membranes. A crucial aspect of this hypothesis is the interaction between proteins and lipids, but for nearly every case relatively little is known about such interactions. The coat protein (B-prote...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Summary: The liver has an enormous capacity to regenerate, as demonstrated by the 2/3 partial hepatectomy model in rodents. In addition, the liver has a stem cell compartment acting as a backup regenerative system. Activation of the stem cell compartment occurs when the hepatocytes are functionally compromised, are una...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The Kinesin-2 family of molecular motors transport cargo along cilia and flagella in a process termed intraflagellar transport. Disruption of intraflagellar transport results in truncated cilia and flagella at the cellular level, and at the organismal level leads to defects in body plan development and organ failure. T...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This is a resubmission of a competitive renewal application for a Cardiovascular Research Training Program (CRTP) that was established twenty years ago at the University of New Mexico (UNM). It has served to provide opportunities for predoctoral and postdoctoral trainees from underrepresented backgrounds to gain resear...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Allelic loss and loss of function of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are the most frequent genetic abnormalities in lung cancer. Replacement of TSG function alone is therapeutic and often leads to lung cancer cells undergoing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest in vitro. Currently it appears that such replacement therapy must...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Group A streptococci remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality as a result of infections and as a consequence of the postinfectious sequela of acute rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever and chronic rheumatic heart disease are leading causes of cardiovascular death and disability in developing countries, and have...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Amplification of the genes coding for rRNA (rDNA) occurs in the oocytes of various species of organisms. Recent work indicates that rDNA is replicated during amplification by a rolling circle mechanism. In organisms where it has been studied, the genes coding for 5S RNA (5S DNA) are not amplified. The main objectives o...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The Contractor will attempt to determine vital status as of March 1, 1981, of all Coronary Drug Project (CDP) patients still alive at the termination of follow-up in February, 1975. For all patients who have died, an attempt will be made to determine cause of death.	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The central theme of this program involves studies of the mechanisms of action of cytochrome P450 enzymes and nitric oxide synthase. The principal approach is the synthesis and characterization of reactive iron porphyrin species that are thought to be intermediates in the catalytic cycles and to relate the interconvers...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This report briefly describes our findings as mentioned in our objectives. Interesting MRI findings emerged related to the identification of a new intermediate phenotype and cortical circuitry. We tested whether altered dorso-lateral-prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) connectivity is heritable, independent of DLPFC activation, ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Wyoming Research Innovations, Inc. will develop in situ cross-linkable hydrogels, called synthetic extracellular matrix (sECM), for soft tissue repair. The ability to fill a traumatic, surgical, or chronic defect with a self-molding cell-interactive sECM prepared with a fast-curing mixture of biocompatible macromonomer...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The Rh antigens of human erythrocytes have been known for over 30 years. Their importance in iso-immune disease of the newborn and adult hemolytic anemia has become established. On the other hand, the chemical nature of these antigens remains very much in doubt. The reason for this is that these antigens have, thus far...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
PROJECT SUMMARY Malaria affects over half the world's population and causes nearly 450,000 deaths every year, mainly in sub- Saharan African children. Rapid development of parasite resistance to frontline antimalarials and lack of an effective, durable vaccine are the most formidable barriers to achieving malaria contr...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Core A is essential to the success of the SPORE and provides oversight and support of all SPORE projects and activities; ensures compliance with all general, governmental, and National Cancer Institute (NCI)/National Institutes of Health (NIH) regulations and requirements; coordinates communications and consultations w...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The assembly of triadyglycerol-rich lipoproteins (TAG-LP) involves the initial formation of a small HDL sized primordial particle with a neutral lipid core and a later process which adds TAG and phospholipid (PL) to create nascent VLDL. The N-terminal 20.5% of apoB(B0.5) has homology to lipovitellin (LV) that consists ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The effect of ethnicity on outcome in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is not well understood. The hypothesis to be tested in this proposal is that SSc is a more aggressive disease in non-Caucasians, who manifest a higher occurrence of critical organ involvement and a worse prognosis, and that reasons for this may include gene...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, affecting about 10% of those aged 65 or over, but no treatment to delay or halt the progression of the disease is as yet available. Under the present situation where the proportion of the elderly population is progressively increasing, AD has ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Previous application of cooperative game theory to household decision making resulted in few testable or refutable hypotheses concerning the actual behavior of the household. Those applications did point to new data requirements, namely, the need to measure the separate unearned incomes of individuals in a coalition an...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
There are over three million needle biopsies performed every year in the USA, typically for the diagnosis of breast, prostate, thyroid, lung, liver, and pancreatic cancers. Because needle biopsies are less invasive than surgical biopsies, they are much more cost-effective. However, a major limitation for all needle bio...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Dopaminergic neurons control aspects of mood, cognition and movement, and are involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of brain disorders including drug addiction. A central regulator of dopaminergic neurotransmission is the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) that is expressed exclusively in dopaminergic neurons and is r...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
These experiments propose to deal specifically with the question of chemical mediation in one resorption stimulated by the application of force. Pilot data have supported the hypothesis that chemical factors in the local microenvironment of bones exposed to forces can stimulate increased release of calcium from fetal b...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The overall aim of this project is to increase the number of New York City Technical College (City Tech) students who continue their education and pursue a baccalaureate degree in science. The Research Double Bridge to the Baccalaureate program is a student research transfer oriented collaborative involving City Tech, ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The purpose of this grant is to support the scientific and clinical activities of Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) by providing necessary infrastructure to the CALGB program at The Ohio State University (OSU). The multidisciplinary collaborative research approach at OSU has a tract record of providing more effective...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Much of science, including biomedical science, consists of discovering and modeling causal relationships. Increasingly, biomedical scientists have available multiple complex data types and a very large number of samples, each of which has an enormous number of measurements recorded.. There is a pressing need for algori...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS NOMID STUDIES: CLINICAL: 1. We analyzed 5 year outcome data in 20 patients and 3 year outcome data in 26 patients with NOMID who have been receiving escalating doses of anakinra. The initially observed good clinical response to anakinra persists, the drug is overall well tolerated. In most pati...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's abstract). The differentiation of cell types and the formation of synaptic contacts within the neural retina are guided, in large part, by molecules in the extracellular environment. Trophic factors represent an important class of extrinsic signals and have been shown to regulate certain aspec...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
PROJECT SUMMARY Our goal is to explain the neurophysiology of breathing. Breathing refers to periodic movements of the chest and airways that ventilate the lungs. To breathe, the brain must: ? Generate a rhythm, ? Produce a spatiotemporal pattern for breathing muscles, ? Integrate sensory feedback. Here we focus on job...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The primary purpose of this grant is to conduct clinical research studies in patients being treated on protocol therapeutic efforts of the Western Cancer Study Group. These studies involve assessment of laboratory and clinical response rates to various chemotherapeutic treatment programs. Major attention will be direct...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Project Summary/Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is maintained by a small minority of self-renewing leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Defining and targeting the key molecules that specifically regulate LSCs might eradicate AML. Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is known to regulate the expression of heat shock pr...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The proposed research is an extension and expansion of a currently funded study [Adolescent Social Behavior. Predictors of Adjustment] that was designed to identify social interactional risk and protective factors what would moderate the deleterious influence of known stressors on social and psychological adjustment du...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The specific objective of this proposed study is to quantify the mechanisms responsible for blood flow modification in normal and tumor tissues due to hyperthermia and hyperglycemia. Mature granulation tissue and VX2 carcinoma grown in a rabbit ear chamber preparation will be used as models for normal and neoplastic ti...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The administration of chemotherapy at the earliest time (neoadjuvant or induction chemotherapy) following diagnosis in an effort to reduce the risk of disease recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is under investigation at multiple institutions in the U.S., Europe, and Japan. This approach has ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Neuronal differentiation is characterized by changes in both the extent of intercellular coupling and the expression patterns of connexin genes that encode gap junction proteins. Using a neuroblastoma culture system, we have found that stable exogenous expression of different gap junction genes results in either retard...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The Connective Tissue and Diseases Section began studying inflammatory myopathies (polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and related diseases) some years ago in an attempt to understand the relationship of autoantibodies to autoimmune disease. These diseases seemed to offer the best example of autoimmune diseases associated w...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive, lethal, muscle wasting disease that affects 1 in 3500 newborn males. Although tremendous progress has been made in advancing cures for the disease through gene therapeutic approaches, clinical application of gene therapies remains a distant goal and strategies for ame...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Childhood asthma affects roughly 10 million children under age 16 in the United States. Reduced early life exposure to microbial products, particularly endotoxin, has been proposed as an important factor which may account for increased risk of asthma through increased risk of allergy or of allergic lung inflammation. L...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Project Summary: This project aims to develop a novel non-invasive technique, coherent hemodynamics spectroscopy (CHS), for the local measurement of brain perfusion and autoregulation at the microvascular level. This new technique consists of three components: (1) An experimental method based on diffuse near- infrared ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The proposed research is to continue fundamental studies on the physical-chemical functions and chemical reactivity of hydrophilic colloids (food stabilizers) in biological systems, for the purpose of obtaining information by which these additives may be judicially selected for use in food stabilization. The investigat...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Project Summary The prevalence of obesity has rapidly increased in the US since the late 1970s, which has serious population health and economic ramifications. Over this same period, the US population has also exhibited shorter average sleep duration and increased prevalence of sleep-disruptive disorders. The concomita...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center Clinical Protocol and Data Management Project Summary/Abstract The Simmons Cancer Center's Clinical Protocol and Data Management, or Clinical Research Office (CRO) serves as the clinical coordinating center for all activities related to clinical cancer research at UT Southwestern. The of...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
To determine whether dietary intake of oxalate influences urinary excretion of oxalate and calcium and the urinary saturation of calcium oxalate in patients with primary hyperoxaluria.	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Abstract Liver disease is a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality in the U.S., and cholestasis (impairment of bile flow) is a common and devastating manifestation of liver disease. The focus of the studies proposed in this application is upon increasing our understanding of biological mechanisms that influence t...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
We have been studying the molecular genetic mechanisms that control the development switch from embryonic to fetal adult hemoglobins with respect to their basic biology and their relevance to developing new therapies for diseases of hemoglobin. To study these processes we have been using two model systems: the K562 ery...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The St. Louis-Cape Girardeau CCOP is a consortium of five hospitals serving parts of eastern Missouri and western Illinois. The mission of this organization is to provide access to clinical trials for community oncologists and their patients. St. John's Mercy Medical Center, the primary institution in the CCOP, is a te...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Complex interactions between nerves and hormones regulate pancreatic exocrine secretion. Peptidergic neurones are an important component of the vagal, sympathetic, sensory and intrinsic innervation of the pancreas. The peptides are synthesized and transported by these nerves and serve as important neurotransmitters. Ex...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
In the U.S., metastatic colon carcinoma is second only to lung cancer as the cause of death from malignancy in the United States, accounting for 60,000 fatalities a year. 80 percent of the patients who died of colon cancer have metastases in the liver, and half of them have only liver metastases at the time of death. C...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Pulmonary infection is a common occurrence in immunocompromised patients and is associated with high mortality. Immunosuppressing drugs, such as glucocorticosteroids and cyclophosphamide have been associated with specific defects in systemic immune function but little is known regarding their effects on local pulmonary...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) increase the risk of fetal overgrowth, which is associated with perinatal complications and development of metabolic syndrome in childhood or later in life. Maternal adiponectin (ADN) levels are reduced and placental nutrient transporters are up regulated in these pregnancies, how...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Project 1: Rac1 induces PCK-dependent myosinIIA phosphorylation to regulate association with focal adhesions and cell migration. Pasapera AM1, Fischer RS1,Plotnikov SV1,Egelhoff T2, Waterman CM1. Cell Biology and Physiology Center, NHLBI, NIH1;Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute NC-10, Cleveland Clini...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Creatine kinase is an enzyme found in rapidly respiring tissues such as heart, muscle and brain. It is a well-studied enzyme, but to date, there is no X-ray crystal solution for the enzyme. In collaboration with Professor Robert Stroud here at UCSF, we are trying to accomplish this goal. In lieu of a three-dimensional ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
To help understand the nature of physical/chemical interactions in biomolecules and biomolecular assemblies, we have developed an experimental approach to study their structure (morphology) and thermodynamic properties simultaneously as a function of the length scale (spatial resolution). The method combines macroscopi...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
During Phase I, Innovation associates demonstrated the feasibility of developing a fiber optic sensor for measuring lead at levels of interest to blood screening clinics. The Lead Ion Selective Fiber Optrode (LISFO) operates in the linear portion of the response curve between 2-200 microg/dL (the new CDC level of conce...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Description) Environmental agents cause the majority of human cancer with greater than 60 percent of human cancer attributed to tobacco products and diet. Specific chemicals play a significant role in this human disease. While it is generally understood that chemical carcinogens produce DNA dam...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The American Cancer Society estimates that a total of 192,370 new invasive breast cancers and 62,280 new cases of in situ breast cancer are diagnosed annually. Women with operable breast cancer undergo Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS), also called lumpectomy or partial mastectomy. On average between 50 to 75% of patient...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
[unreadable] [unreadable] ACIP has now recommended influenza vaccination for all children 6 months to 18 years of age. While many school-aged children will be vaccinated in the medical home, the large number of children for whom the vaccine is now recommended exceeds the capacity of many primary care settings. Schools ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The major goal of this project is to give new directives for studies in tobacco carcinogenesis by identifying potential carcinogens in smokeless tobacco, mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke, and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). As in the past, newly identified suspected tobacco carcinogens (e.g. polynuclear aro...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): The goal of the present research is to use Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the brain to discover the functional components of visual recognition. This application takes as its starting point the recent discovery of an area in extrastriate cortex which is specifically ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Consumption of ethanol (Et) alters certain regulatory aspects of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA). Because the integrity of this system depends on the coordinated synthesis and secretion of specific regulatory substances at the hypothalamic (e.g., corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH); vasopressin (AVP); ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Project D: Hypocretin and Histamine studies in the Zebrafish Hypocretin and histamine are now known to be important arousal signals. Anatomical correlates c hypocretin, histamine, and other cell groups relevant to sleep regulation, as well as the cognate homologou genes, have been identified in zebrafish and appear to ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Project Summary Nearly half of mechanically ventilated (MV), critically ill adults develop ventilator-induced respiratory muscle weakness (particularly of the diaphragm), which impairs successful weaning from MV, often leads to re- intubation, and is associated with higher post-ICU mortality. We have recently shown tha...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Alcohol use and alcoholism are presently viewed as governed by antecedent factors that include childhood environment and genetically determined biological characteristics. Less attention has been paid, however, to how these antecedents influence later drinking. In addressing this issue, the psychosocial and biological ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The overall goal of this project is to develop oligonucleotide analogs that can effectively interact with specific RNA or DNA target sequences within the HIV genome and as a consequence of these interactions repress HIV replication. We will continue to investigate novel, nuclease resistant antisense and triplex forming...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The current treatment options for metastatic colon carcinoma are limited. Our preclinical research indicates that immune-modulatory gene therapy may be effective for the treatment of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer. Using an orthotopic murine model for pre-established hepatic colon carcinoma, we have shown that i...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DESCRIPTION: The goal of this renewal proposal is to characterize inhibition of antitumor immune responses by tumor gangliosides in vivo. The general hypothesis underlying this work is that gangliosides are shed by tumor cells, act as intercellular signaling molecules, block the cellular immune response, and protect tu...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }

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