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Experiments will be done to study the immune status in various models of specific unresponsiveness and to try to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the unresponsiveness. Both thymectomized and non-thymectomized mice treated with ALS and injected with low doses of donor bone marrow are unresponsive to donor antigens as...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Young women are in urgent need of female-controlled HIV prevention strategies, including antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for topical or oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Two daily oral ARV PrEP studies and one vaginal gel study demonstrated efficacy in preventing HIV-1 infection in women. However, two other studies of d...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The process of polyadenylation is essential in the biogenesis of eukaryotic mRNA. The poly(A) tall is thought to participate in mRNA translation and stability. Defects in the formation of the poly(A) tail decrease the amount of mRNA available for translation into protein, and thus interfere with normal cell function. I...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Oral ganciclovir may be a useful agent to prophylax against CMV disease in patients who are excessively immunosuppressed. This study will look at the efficacy and safety of oral ganciclovir in liver transplant patients. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of oral ganciclovir will be assessed to determine if cyclosporine ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Modern treatment methods have led to major improvements in the survival rate of children with Wilms' tumor (WT). Combined therapy using surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy now cures 90% of patients with favorable histology WT. Those with renal tumors of unfavorable histology, especially those with metastases, e...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The diet is our sole source of nutrients, yet we are just beginning to understand how the human gut microbiota acts as an essential layer of metabolism. Resident microbes not only help to capture plant-derived carbohydrates from our diet, but also likely encounter (and modify) a steady stream of drug-like molecules fro...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Diseases caused by kinetoplastid protozoa remain serious public health issues in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Recent work has revealed that these parasites exhibit novel mechanisms of gene expression and mRNA maturation. Clearly, these unique processes represent potential targets for chemotherape...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Treatment with the kinase inhibitors gefitinib (Iressa) and erlotinib (Tarceva) has shown promising results for patients with lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase gene, EGFR, occur frequently in lung adenocarcin...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) serves as a model for the study of therapies for demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Its similarity to multiple sclerosis (MS) lies not only in clinical features and pathology but, more importantly, like MS susceptibility to EAE is limited closely to IR gen...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This is an application for a conference: Occupational Alcoholism Program Types and Program Outcomes: Linking Research and Practice. This conference will bring together 25 researchers and practitioners in the occupational alcoholism field to explicate a program typology and to differentiate program outcomes by program t...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Depression and anxiety disorders are associated with hyperactivation of the amygdala, a brain area important in negative emotional processing. Many researchers propose that overactivation of the amygdala is responsible for some of the debilitating symptoms associated with mood disorders such as increased occurrence of ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The specificity and potency of targeted gene knockdown through RNA interference (RNAi) has generated tremendous excitement for utilizing this ubiquitous pathway in the clinic. Our studies investigate RNAi as a potential microbicide to target sexually transmitted diseases including HSV-2 and HIV-1. HSV-2 infects ~ 20% o...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Malnutrition, wasting of lean body mass, is a common development in HIV infection and may predate the development of the clinical complications of AIDS. The mechanism underlying protein wasting is unclear. Some studies have suggested that protein turnover is increased in HIV-infected individuals. This study seeks to de...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Osteoclast Activating Factor (OAF) is a lymphokine which may be involved in stimulation of localized bone destruction in periodontal disease or other diseases where chronic accumulation of lymphoid cells accompanies bone destruction. The objectives of this study are to characterize OAF chemically and biologically, to d...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Solid tumors are frequently associated with increased bone resorption and hypercalcenia. The mechanism for increased bone resorption is production by the tumor cells of a humoral factor or factors which stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption. Recently, we and others have noted that tumors of the oral cavity which cause...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
It is the objective of the proposed research a) to advance knowledge on the biogenetic origin of a C7N unit which can be discerned in the mitomycin antibiotics and which presumbaly arises from an intermediate of the shikimic acid pathway; b) to further explore the role of D-glucosamine in the biosynthesis of a C6N unit...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The long range goal is intervention to delay or prevent cognitive decline associated with unsuccessful aging, in order to improve the health and well-being of older Americans. The incidence of Alzheimer's disease is projected to increase dramatically, with the greatest prevalence in women. Synaptic loss contributes to ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Objectives: The overall objective is to evaluate the feasibility of copper chelating strategies for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Specific aims: 1) To determine if copper complexing with zinc is an effective pathology-modifying therapy if initiated prior to the appearance of AD pathology. 2) To d...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The proposed plan consists of three main projects. The first concerns the human X chromosome and consists of two parts. One is aimed at a deeper understanding of the structure and behavior of this chromosome by means of a very thorough cytological investigation of abnormal X chromosomes. The main source for these will ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The psychological stress of bereavement, job insecurity, marital problems, and so forth, have been implicated as risk factors in cardiac sudden death. Our challenge has been to determine the higher cerebral mechanisms by which psychologically and physically stressful stimuli regulate the heart. Previous studies in our ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
A key component of inflammation is the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium in the fluid dynamic environment of the circulation. Unraveling the complex process of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium will lead to an increased understanding of inflammation and will provide the foundation for the development of nov...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The majority of adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) eventually relapse, and those with relapsed disease have a high likelihood of treatment failure with currently available agents. New drugs that more effectively treat these diseases are needed. This proposal describes two exc...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Each year an estimated 1.5 million people sustain traumatic brain injury, presenting an enormous social and medical problem, with an economic burden exceeding $50 billion annually in the US. Head injury is one of the most important causes of acquired epilepsy; however, the mechanisms underlying post-traumatic epilepsy ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This competing renewal application seeks support for the continuation of a highly successful Physician-Scientist Program in Aging at Harvard Medical School's Division on Aging and its affiliated institutions. This joint effort involving investigators in basic and clinical departments has excelled in identifying and tra...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) occurs primarily via the mucosal routes, emphasizing HIV-1 vaccines must need to engender mucosal immune responses. However, mucosal immunization has been limited by the ability to deliver intact vaccine antigens across the mucosal barrier for induction of effective mu...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This competitive renewal proposal is directed at determining which cells from the mouse immune system express 6, g and K opioid receptors, and whether activation of these cells alters the amount of receptor expressed and the distribution of the multiple opioid receptors among the different lymphocyte populations. By us...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Social control theory proposed that our social relationships serve a regulatory function by discouraging us from engaging in deviant or risky behaviors. Applied to self-care, social control should promote health and longevity by encouraging engagement in healthy behaviors and avoidance of unhealthy behaviors. The goal ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The proposed study will identify subtypes of maritally violent men, to examine how and why different men are violent. Based upon previous batterer typologies, we hypothesize that three subtypes of maritally violent men will be identified (i.e., family only, dysphoric/borderline, and generally violent/antisocial) on the...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The Cell Culture and Physiology Core will be a centralized facility that will provide primary alveolar epithelial type 2 cells and secondary alveolar epithelial cell lines to each of the five projects within the program project, as well as conduct physiology experiments utilizing the isolated perfused lung model. Centr...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Long-term objectives are to improve institutional treatment practices in public mental hospitals, intramural units of mental health centers, and community extended care facilities. A prerequisite for meaningful treatment evaluation in the latter settings is reliable and valid assessment of patient characteristics and b...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The etiological agent of Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne, hitherto unknown spirochete of the genus Borrelia. We are studying pathogenesis of LD, and to obtain useful reagents for this study as well as to understand the biology of the etiological agent, we have initiated a molecular approach. To date we have prepared ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
We are studying the regulation of the MAL6 gene complex of yeast. Our long-term goal is to develop a complete description of all the components of this complex regulatory system. In this proposal we focus on the role of the major regulatory protein coded by the MAL63 gene. We intend to study its interaction with its pr...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The SIR provided (1) Selenocystine; 50mg [92-94% - 77 Se2]Selenocystine; 100mg (l)-tellurocystine; 150mg We have developed a bacterial expression system which allows the efficient substitution of cysteine residues in a protein by selenocysteine (see: Miller, S., Senn, H., Gsell, B., Vetter, W. and Bvck, A. (1994), Bioc...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
A common feature in all dementias associated with Lewy Bodies is the accumulation and aggregation of the small 14kD protein a-synuclein in the perikaryon and proximal neurites. This proximal accumulation of ct- synuclein in diseased states is very different from the physiologic situation, where the protein is predomina...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The goal of this proposal is to develop a "vector-free" system for cloning PCR products which is efficient and which permits the direct transformation of bacterial cells with PCR products. The system will utilize the yeast FLP recombination system in vivo to clone PCR product into a recombinase target site located in a...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
1. The CACCC box is a DNA sequence that functions as a positive transcriptional regulatory element in the promoters of several genes. The rat malic enzyme (ME) gene promoter contains two CACCC boxes at a site containing a tandem repeat of the sequence CTCGCCACCC (malic promoter element 2 or MPE2, -74/-48) which functio...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
I am a clinical investigator with a research interest in the pathobiology of pulmonary infections. I perform molecular assays on clinical samples obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage and then conduct mechanistic studies in model systems. This approach has been productive and has been effective in training clinical invest...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The instrumental support core will design and construct all special purpose probes and coils required by the individual projects. This centralization of construction facilities will result in efficient design and construction and also assure the individual projects of optimum coils and probes for their particular appli...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Obesity and diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of cardiovascular and renal disease in the United States. This is of increasing concern since the incidence of obesity and insulin resistance is increasing and as many as 1 in 4 Americans are expected to have diabetes by the year 2030. In spite of all the beneficial in...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Myocardial infarction and stroke due to atherosclerosis are the leading causes of death in the United States. It has become clear that increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a common pathogenic mechanism for atherosclerosis. A particularly important mechanism for ROS-mediated cardiovascular disease appear...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, lupus) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by production and survival of autoreactive antibodies and deposition of immune complexes to various tissues, leading to organ damage. Lupus affects primarily women of reproductive age, with a female to male ratio of 9:1. Mo...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The long-term goal of this research is to understand the molecular mechanism of non-random chromatid segregation in mouse embryonic stem cells. The immortal strand hypothesis - posits that stem cells segregate the "oldest" DNA strands of all chromosomes asymmetrically to the self-renewing stem cells as a mechanism to p...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) This competing continuation seeks to extend an ongoing longitudinal project (RO1 DA-06025) examining relations among prenatal cocaine exposure, postnatal environmental instability, and the cognitive and social development of infants and children from birth to 36 months. The proposed ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The Inherited Neuropathy Consortium (INC) RDCRC is a network of clinical investigators dedicated to developing the infrastructure necessary to evaluate therapies for patients with heritable peripheral neuropathies, collectively known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Originally, the INC consisted of six sites. Supp...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The contractor will publish the proceedings of a seminar presented at the 31st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science.	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DESCRIPTION (Abstract reproduced verbatim): The goal of this project is to understand the role of nitric oxide (NO) as a regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation. Our studies have shown that NO acts as an anti proliferative agent during organism development, regulating the balance between cell proliferation ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
A major effort in contemporary biological research is to identify genetic loci that control developmental decisions. In addition, disturbance of the normal differentiation process can contribute to tumorigenesis. Determining the key regulatory mechanisms involved in generating and maintaining the differentiated state i...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
DNA methylation represents an important epigenetic regulatory mechanism for repressing gene activity which ultimately operates by affecting chromatin structure. In order to understand how this works we have developed new approaches for deciphering how methyl moieties interact with the key components of the nucleosome a...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
We propose to determine the quantitative relationships between the cellular oxygen concentration and the cellular metabolic state. The mitochondrial are responsible for most of the cellular oxygen consumption, utilizing the oxygen and cellular reducing power (substrates) to produce the require adenosine triphosphate as...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The overall aims of the Developmental Core (DC) are to encourage innovative preliminary work in neuroAIDS;to foster new investigators with targeted Developmental grant support to serve as a springboard for successful applications for independent NIH funding;and within the interdisciplinary context of the HNRC, to help ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Age-associated changes occur in T cell immunity, contributing to increased risk of infection and malignancy. Probably, the most intriguing alteration in CD8+ T cell immunity with aging is memory CD8+ T cell expansion although the mechanism(s) and the consequences of this phenomenon are largely unknown. Recently, my lab...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This project focuses on exploring the psychological and neural mechanisms that underlie the interaction of motivation and cognitive control, and how this interaction might be influenced by different dimensions of individual difference. Motivation may provide a basic mechanism of cognitive self-regulation. The primary h...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
While the structure/function relationships of lens crystallins and their roles in protection of the lens from cataractogenic stresses (e.g., the chaperone-like antiaggregative activity of alpha-crystallin; possible antioxidative function of enzyme/crystallins) remain of great interest to this laboratory, the focus of t...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Chronic hypoxia induces dramatic fibro-proliferative remodeling in the pulmonary artery (PA)adventitia that is especially impressive during the neonatal period and clearly contributes to the marked increase in pulmonary vascular resistance observed. One of the key mediators of these responses is protein kinase C (PKC) ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This application describes a research program aimed at defining the mechanisms by which vitamin A is delivered to the mammary gland during lactation. It is known that vitamin A is transported in plasma in two well-defined lipid protein complexes: newly absorbed dietary retinol is transported in the lipid core of the ch...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The 500 Nations Haskell / KU Bridge program supports students from Haskell Indian Nations University who seek to transfer to other institutions;it works collaboratively with other MORE programs (IMSD, RISE, PREP, and IRACDA) to move American Indians into biomedical research careers. The Haskell / KU Bridge program has ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is the best treatment for corticotrophin adenomas causing Cushing's Disease (CD). Although caused by benign pituitary tumors, CD can drastically affect the lives of patients suffering from the disease. Increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and resultant hyper-cortisolemia can lead t...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The steroid hormone, progesterone, plays key roles including the growth and development of the mammary glands, uterus, and ovaries. The physiological effects of progesterone occur mainly through its interaction with the specific steroid receptor, progesterone receptor (PR). The target genes for PR have been identified ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The recent report by Rasheed, Gardner and Huebner of a rat sarcoma virus derived in tissue culture by the in vitro co-cultivation of a chemically transformed rat cell and a spontaneously transformed rat cell producing rat helper virus, has led to an investigation of the relationship of this sarcoma virus to the Harvey ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Hmgi-c is a member of a novel, developmentally regulated gene family. It is responsible for the pygmy (pg) mutation in mouse and the human homologue is disrupted in a number of tumors. Therefore, this proposal is an attempt to understand the function of Hmgi-c and its role in the interdependent processes of proliferati...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
During the following year, we shall continue our work with Escherichia coli topoisomerases-enzymes that catalyze the concerted breakage and reunion of DNA. We will try to prepare large quantities of E. coli DNA gyrase for physical and immunologic analysis. There are two different covalent complexes of DNA to gyrase and...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its TrkB receptor have been implicated in the control of energy balance in both humans and mice. Previous studies suggest that BDNF expressed in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) plays a critical role in regulating energy balance. BDNF protein is synthesized in both neuron...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with increased cardiovascular death. A critical component of this system is angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which cleaves angiotensin I to angiotensin II (Angll). In humans, increased Angll levels are associated with an increased ventricular arrhythmic...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The P.I. and collaborator's laboratories were the first to identify novel cytoplasmic foci known as GW bodies (GWBs), which are now known to be enriched with human autoantigens important in the effector arm of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. The initial characterization was achieved via expression cloning using a ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Human cytomegalovirus, the cause of serious infections in immunocompromised individuals, encodes several functions that block programed cell death. These functions are likely to play important roles in viral replication and pathogenesis by modulating the intrinsic impact of the virus on the host cell as well as by coun...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
PROJECT SUMMARY The Department of Surgery at Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM) is one of the nation's leading academic surgery departments, with a strong and uncompromising commitment to training the next generation of academic surgeon-scientists. The Surgical Oncology Basic Science and Translational Rese...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a developmental defect of the forebrain, which occurs in 1 out of 250 pregnancies. HPE is characterized by either forebrain truncation or failure of forebrain septation and various other midline defects. In the developing mouse embryo, the forebrain is first specified during gastrulation by t...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
My specific aims are to examine the role of cancer stem cells and their niche microenvironment in malignant progression of subtypes of human breast premalignancy, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The objectives are to test whether premalignant cell lines, SUM225, MCF10ATDCIS.com, and subtypes of human DCIS contain dist...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Optimal management of patients with congenital heart disease often depends on the ability to monitor pulmonary hemodynamics and assess pulmonary vascular impairment. Need for improved techniques has prompted investigations of relationships between abnormal pulmonary circulations and pulmonary blood velocity patterns, w...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACI) treats disseminated cancers with ex-vivo expanded tumor-reactive lymphoblasts. These cells traffick poorly into target lesions contributing to the mixed results observed in therapeutic trials. This grant focuses on the mechanisms and clinical consequences of leukocyte recruitment i...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The reactions catalyzed by farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase and squalene synthetase are the fundemental building steps in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. This proposal addresses mechanistic and topological questions for substrates and reactive intermediates in these two transformations. In both instances, molecu...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a relatively common form of muscular dystrophy. The genetic basis is an expansion of CTG repeats in the 3' untranslated region of DMPK, a gene encoding a protein kinase expressed in skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle, and in neurons. This unusual mutation gives rise to RNA dominance...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The objectives are to continue our studies to: 1) identify, isolate and characterize intracellular pools of membrane bound glycoconjugates undergoing fast axonal transport, 2) to characterize different functional compartments of the neuronal cytoskeleton related particularly to phosphorylation of component and associat...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Histologic and ultrastructural studies disclosed a layered structure, resembling that of left ventricular outflow tract endocardium, in fibrous rings excised at operation from patients with discrete subaortic stenosis.	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Significant strides have been made in our understanding of the initial events of sensory transduction in taste cells during the last two decades, yet little is known about the mechanisms of intercellular com- munication within the taste bud. Only one-fifth of the taste cells in a mouse taste bud havemorphologi- cally i...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
An important aspect of brain aging is the increased glutamate (Glu) release and accumulation in the extracellular space of neurons. Age-associated increases in extracellular Glu occur because of partial loss of activity of Glu transporters. Essentially all neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) are exposed to elev...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This is an application for a 2nd NIMH K02 award. The applicant's research has dealt with the psychobiology of stress in young children, emphasizing activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system an adequate understanding of the psychobiology of stress in childhood, however, requires integration of o...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The aim of this protocol is to determine the clinical safety and efficacy of the excimer laser system in patients with coronary artery disease. Specific goals are 1)to determine the adequacy of the procedure alone in reducing obstructive atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries as determined by repeat angiograp...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The experiments in this proposal investigate how two guidance cues, nerve growth factor (NGF) and Semaphorin3A (Sema3A), regulate the migration of the growing tips (growth cones) of sensory (DRG) axons. NGF is produced in targets of sensory neurons, like skin. Immature axons navigate to the skin, then, invade and branc...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The broad, long-term objective of this proposal is to evaluate the role of education in the incidence of diabetic complications, in a large, well-characterized population, within an integrated, managed care setting Kaiser Permanente (KP). This study will take advantage of a cohort begun in 1994 of approximately 78,000 ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The California Teachers Study (CTS) is a prospective study of 133,479 California teachers initiated in 1995 by a consortium of California research centers with expertise in epidemiology and cancer etiology. The study was designed to understand better the etiology and prevention of breast cancer and of other major women...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The long-term goal of this proposal is to define the molecular mechanisms that promote axonal degeneration following injury or disease. Axonal degeneration is a common feature of many neurological diseases. Neuropathies due to axonal degeneration are a hallmark of disorders such as diabetes, glaucoma, and chemotherapy-...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Tight regulation of the spindle microtubule (MT) dynamics is vital for the success and fidelity of mitosis, but the mechanism for regulating spindle MT dynamics remains unknown. Without this knowledge, a complete understanding of spindle regulation during mitosis is impossible. In recent years, a number of MT regulator...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
In the last period we have worked on PRKN, PINK, APP, PS1, PS2, PRNP, PGRN and ATXN2/3 mutations in varied neurological diseases. We have continued our work in spinocerebellar ataxias by establishing the frequency of SCA15 mutations identified by us in a large cohort and by follow up of as yet unpublished SCA loci iden...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The goal of this program is to coordinate and augment a cancer education and training program directed to pre-doctoral dental students. The program includes the biological, preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative aspects of cancer, especially of the head and neck. The various aspects of the present progr...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Diffusion tensor MRI (DTI) is a powerful in vivo technique that is sensitive to deep brain tissue water microdynamics and microstructure. DTI-derived orientation and scalar maps have the unique potential to provide objective and specific measures of the Multiple Sclerosis pathology. The hallmarks of MS pathology may in...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The objective of the proposed research is to understand the on-line operation of intermediate cerebellar networks during the motor control and learning of protective eyelid movements. This will be studied using the model of classically conditioned eyeblinks. A series of studies will be performed in rabbits to character...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The PRMS office is responsible for overseeing the protocol review process which is undertaken by the PRMS Committee. These responsibilities include administrative and record keeping tasks associated with this process. The PRMS office is in addition responsible for reviews of accrual and scientific progress of all appro...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This revised proposal focuses on the genetic and cellular events leading to pulmonary smooth muscle proliferation in lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM), a progressive and often-fatal lung disease affecting almost exclusively women. LAM can occur in women with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) or in women who have no signs of TS...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Human and animal studies indicate that bilirubin monoglucuronide (BMG) may play a central role in the formation of gallstones (GS). Significantly higher gallbladder concentrations of BMG have been found in patients with GS than in patients without GS. Disorders associated with an increased BMG production (e.g. hemolyti...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
In the current fiscal year we have advanced our knowledge on novel proteins in saliva of blood feeding ticks and mosquitoes. Specifically, we discovered a novel protein found in saliva of mosquitoes that prevents collagen from triggering platelet adhesion and aggregation by different receptor interactions (1), characte...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
The study is based on the hypothesis that HIVIG will decrease viral burdens in children with moderately advanced HIV infection. Its primary objectives include evaluating HIVIG's (a) safety & tolerance; (b) dosage & pharmacokinetics by serial measurements of immunoglobulins, anti-p24 antibody & rubella antibody titers, ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has rapidly emerged as an effective treatment in medically refractory Parkinson's disease (PD). However, our understanding of the effects of DBS is limited and future attempts at optimizing electrode design or stimulation parameters will depend on defining t...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium contributes to most cardiovascular diseases. This is not surprising, as the endothelium is the central regulator of hemostasis, vascular development, angiogenesis, vasomotor tone, and the response to vascular injury and inflammation. We have used several complimentary approaches ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
This is a cross-sectional study examining behavioral and neurophysiologic changes associated with learning Mandarin Chinese as a second language (L2) by native English-speaking adult learners (ages 18 years and up). It will focus on the acquisition of lexical tones, which are pitch patterns that are used to contrast wo...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Each year 500,000 patients undergo cardiac surgery in the United States, and acute kidney injury (AKI) complicates recovery in 25% of patients. AKI is associated with subsequent postoperative arrhythmias, wound infections, and sepsis, and independently predicts a 5-fold increase in death at 30 ...	{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }

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