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### Instruction:
Do white blood cells contribute to patient-specific warfarin dose for Han Chinese?
### Response:
| White blood cell count has a small but significant contribution to warfarin dose requirements in Han Chinese. |
### Instruction:
Does pentoxifylline attenuate cigarette smoke-induced overexpression of CXCR3 and IP-10 in mice?
### Response:
| PTX attenuates cigarette smoke-induced overexpression of chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligand IP-10, which is relevant to its inhibitory effect on pulmonary emphysema. |
### Instruction:
Is galectin-3 an independent marker for ventricular remodeling and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure?
### Response:
| Gal-3 is associated with left ventricular remodeling determined by serial echocardiography and predicts long-term mortality in patients with severe chronic HF. |
### Instruction:
Does body mass index affect knee joint mechanics during gait differently with and without moderate knee osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that increased BMI is associated with different changes in biomechanical patterns of the knee joint during gait depending on the presence of moderate knee OA. |
### Instruction:
Do mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathways play an important role in right ventricular hypertrophy of tetralogy of Fallot?
### Response:
| The upregulation of genes in the MAPK signal pathway may be the key events that contribute to right ventricular hypertrophy and stunted angiogenesis in patients with TOF. |
### Instruction:
Is masked hypertension prevalent in children with sickle cell disease : a Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium study?
### Response:
| Abnormalities in ABP measurements and patterns in children with SCD are prevalent and require more attention from heath care providers. ABPM is a valuable tool in identifying masked hypertension and abnormalities in circadian BP. |
### Instruction:
Is triple negative status a poor prognostic indicator in Chinese women with breast cancer : a ten year review?
### Response:
| Chinese women with triple negative breast cancer do not have less aggressive biological behavior compared to the West and presentation at a later stage results in worse prognosis compared with those with non triple negative breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic variation in dopaminergic activity associated with the risk for psychiatric side effects of levetiracetam?
### Response:
| Confirming the suggestion from behavioral observations that patients might be predisposed to develop irritation and aggression under treatment with LEV, the findings provide first evidence of an association of genetic variation in dopaminergic activity and the risk for psychiatric complications of LEV treatment. Replication and further work is required to prove a true causal relationship. Overall, the pharmacogenomic approach to behavioral side effects may provide a future tool to predict adverse psychotropic effects related to antiepileptic drugs. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrogen sulfide attenuate spatial memory impairment and hippocampal neuroinflammation in β-amyloid rat model of Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| These results indicate that NaHS could significantly ameliorate Aβ(1-40)-induced spatial learning and memory impairment, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation at least in part via the inhibition of p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB activity, suggesting that administration of NaHS could provide a therapeutic approach for AD. |
### Instruction:
Are broadly reactive antibodies specific for Plasmodium falciparum MSP-1 ( 19 ) associated with the protection of naturally exposed children against infection?
### Response:
| Variant transcending IgG antibodies to MSP-119 are associated with protection from infection in children, but not adults. These data suggest that inclusion of more than one MSP-119 variant may not be required in a malaria blood stage vaccine. |
### Instruction:
Does reclassification of tumour origin in resected periampullary adenocarcinomas reveal underestimation of distal bile duct cancer?
### Response:
| Specialist slide review resulted in reassignment of tumour origin in 27% of periampullary adenocarcinomas. Distal bile duct cancer was found to be most frequently misdiagnosed (53%). Correct diagnosis of tumour origin is crucial for data quality, appropriate adjuvant therapy, and patient inclusion in clinical trials. |
### Instruction:
Is renal macrophage infiltration associated with a poor outcome in IgA nephropathy?
### Response:
| An increased number of macrophages in the tubulointerstitial area may serve as a predictive factor for poor prognosis in patients with IgAN, and these cells were also associated with the expression of pro-fibrotic factors. |
### Instruction:
Does overexpression of microRNA-223 in rheumatoid arthritis synovium control osteoclast differentiation?
### Response:
| MiR-223 is intensely expressed in RA synovium, and overexpression of miR-223 suppresses osteoclastogenesis in vitro. This study demonstrates the possibility of gene therapy with miR-223 to treat bone destruction in RA patients. |
### Instruction:
Does dexamphetamine selectively increase 40 Hz auditory steady state response power to target and nontarget stimuli in healthy humans?
### Response:
| Dexamphetamine releases both noradrenaline and DA with equal potency. Further research with selective dopaminergic and noradrenergic agents will better characterize the effects of monoamines on γ activity. |
### Instruction:
Is whole grain consumption inversely associated with BMI Z-score in rural school-aged children?
### Response:
| Increasing the intake of whole grains as part of an overall healthy lifestyle may be beneficial for children to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. |
### Instruction:
Does parental electrocardiographic screening identify a high degree of inheritance for congenital and childhood nonimmune isolated atrioventricular block?
### Response:
| ECG screening in parents of children affected by idiopathic AV block revealed a high prevalence of conduction abnormalities. These results support the hypothesis of an inheritable trait in congenital and childhood nonimmune isolated AV block. |
### Instruction:
Do genome-wide DNA methylation analyses in the brain reveal four differentially methylated regions between humans and non-human primates?
### Response:
| Our study provides a new angle of studying human brain evolution and understanding the evolutionary role of DNA methylation in the central nervous system. The results suggest that the patterns of DNA methylation in the brain are in general similar between humans and non-human primates, and only a few DMRs were identified. |
### Instruction:
Is heat shock protein 27 expression inversely correlated with atrophic gastritis and intraepithelial neoplasia?
### Response:
| HSP27 expression in gastric mucosae is inversely correlated with intraepithelial neoplasia, a probable precursor to gastric cancer, and HSP27 expression in cancer is positively correlated with poor differentiation. |
### Instruction:
Is gene expression of human beta defensins-1 and -2 significantly reduced in non-inflamed keratinized oral tissue of smokers?
### Response:
| The results presented here suggest that expression of human beta-defensins hBD-1 and -2, and, thus, the basal levels of innate immune defense reactions in the oral cavity are reduced by smoking. |
### Instruction:
Are changes in circulating concentrations of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and placental growth factor measured by automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassays methods predictors of preeclampsia?
### Response:
| Changes in circulating concentrations of PlGF, sFlt-1, and in the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio precede the onset of preeclampsia. The risk profile of circulating angiogenic factors for developing preeclampsia distinctly evolves depending on whether this condition is manifested at preterm or term. |
### Instruction:
Does seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus vary considerably among chinese provinces?
### Response:
| HEV prevalence varies considerably among Chinese provinces. Thus, prevention and control programs including vaccination could be specifically targeted to people living in regions with relatively higher prevalences. |
### Instruction:
Do attitudes of general dental practitioners towards implant dentistry in an environment with widespread provision of implant therapy?
### Response:
| In a community where provision of dental implants is widespread among its General Dental Practitioners (GDPs), their attitudes are not wholly in line with evidence-based knowledge. Variations in their attitudes existed with respect to dentist factors, training and experience issues. |
### Instruction:
Does plasma YKL-40 predict 10-year cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| Plasma YKL-40 concentration is an independent predictor of 10-year all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Further investigations on the role of YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of CVD are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. |
### Instruction:
Does cXC chemokine receptor 7 ( CXCR7 ) regulate CXCR4 protein expression and capillary tuft development in mouse kidney?
### Response:
| We established that there is a similar glomerular pathology in CXCR7 and CXCR4 null embryos. Based on the phenotype and the anatomical organization of the CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 system in the forming glomerulus, we propose that CXCR7 fine-tunes CXCL12/CXCR4 mediated signalling between podocytes and glomerular capillaries. |
### Instruction:
Does participation of surgical residents adversely affect the outcome of inguinal hernia repair in an integrated teaching program?
### Response:
| The Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair can be safely performed by residents and junior faculty with the appropriate supervision of senior faculty without any disadvantage to patients. This integrated teaching program for Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair is effective and feasible for training residents and junior faculty. |
### Instruction:
Is metadherin a novel prognostic marker for bladder cancer progression and overall patient survival?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that MTDH protein may be a valuable marker of bladder cancer progression. MTDH expression is associated with poor overall survival in patients with bladder cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is higher Dietary Protein Intake Associated with Lower Body Fat in the Newfoundland Population?
### Response:
| This study provides strong evidence that higher protein intake, even in the absence of energy restriction, is associated with a more favorable body composition in the general population. |
### Instruction:
Do racial disparities in allergic outcomes in African Americans emerge as early as age 2 years?
### Response:
| With disparities emerging as early as age 2 years, investigations into sources of the disparities should include the prenatal period and early life. |
### Instruction:
Does primary closure using Redon drain vs vacuum-assisted closure in post-sternotomy mediastinitis?
### Response:
| Primary closure using high vacuum suction drains is a safe and feasible treatment modality for post-sternotomy mediastinitis. It reduces hospital stay when compared with VAC therapy, without compromising mortality. |
### Instruction:
Does cTA spot sign predict hematoma expansion in patients with delayed presentation after intracerebral hemorrhage?
### Response:
| A substantial number of patients destined to suffer from hematoma expansion present either late or with an unknown symptom onset time. The CTA spot sign accurately identifies patients destined to expand regardless of time from symptom onset, and may therefore open a path to offer clinical trials and novel therapies to the many patients who do not present acutely. |
### Instruction:
Does depletion of SUMO ligase hMMS21 impair G1 to S transition in MCF-7 breast cancer cells?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that hMMS21 is required for G1-S transition in breast cancer cells and implies that manipulation of hMMS21-mediated sumoylation may alter the growth rates of breast cancer cells. |
### Instruction:
Do untrained chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ) fail to imitate novel actions?
### Response:
| Chimpanzees do not seem to copy novel actions, and only some ever copy familiar ones. Due to our having tested only non-enculturated and untrained chimpanzees, the performance of our test subjects speak more than most other studies of the general (dis-)ability of chimpanzees to copy actions, and especially novel actions. |
### Instruction:
Do eye movements reveal effects of visual content on eye guidance and lexical access during reading?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that while the orchestration of multiple scales of visual content is required for normal eye-guidance during reading, a broad range of visual content can activate processes of word identification independently. Implications for understanding the role of visual content in reading are discussed. |
### Instruction:
Is food insecurity associated with greater acute care utilization among HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed individuals in San Francisco?
### Response:
| Food insecurity is associated with increased health services utilization among homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals in San Francisco. Increased ED visits and hospitalizations are not related to fewer ambulatory care visits among food-insecure individuals. Addressing food insecurity should be a critical component of HIV treatment programs and may reduce reliance on acute care utilization. |
### Instruction:
Does intravitreal injection of soluble erythropoietin receptor exacerbate photoreceptor cell apoptosis in a rat model of retinal detachment?
### Response:
| Intravitreal injection of sEPOR exacerbates photoreceptor cell apoptosis in RD models via activation of caspase-3. |
### Instruction:
Does hSC-specific inhibition of Rho-kinase reduce portal pressure in cirrhotic rats without major systemic effects?
### Response:
| Activated hepatic stellate cells are crucially involved in portal hypertension in cirrhosis. Targeting of Rho-kinase in hepatic stellate cells not only decreased fibrosis, as previously shown, but also lowers portal pressure acutely without major systemic effects as demonstrated in this study. |
### Instruction:
Does gH replacement improve quality of life and metabolic parameters in cured acromegalic patients with growth hormone deficiency?
### Response:
| In GHD acromegalic patients, GH therapy improved body composition, lipid profile, and quality of life as in patients with GHD due to nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma, without negative effects on glucose metabolism. GH replacement therapy should be considered in these patients, as in patients with GHD from other causes. |
### Instruction:
Are bone turnover and bone mineral density independently related to selenium status in healthy euthyroid postmenopausal women?
### Response:
| Selenium status is inversely related to bone turnover and positively correlated with BMD in healthy euthyroid postmenopausal women independent of thyroid status. |
### Instruction:
Is inflammation in response to glucose ingestion independent of excess abdominal adiposity in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome?
### Response:
| In normal-weight women with PCOS, the inflammatory response to glucose ingestion is independent of excess AA. Circulating MNC and excess AA are separate and unique sources of inflammation in this population. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated D-dimer independently associated with endothelial dysfunction : a cross-sectional study in HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy?
### Response:
| We show for the first time an independent association between D-Dimer and endothelial dysfunction in virologically suppressed, HIV-infected adults on stable antiretroviral therapy, potentially explaining the link between D-Dimer and mortality in HIV. |
### Instruction:
Does the colitis-associated transcriptional profile of commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron enhance adaptive immune responses to a bacterial antigen?
### Response:
| B. theta induces colitis in HLA-B27 Tg rats, which is associated with regulation of bacterial genes in metabolic and nutrient binding pathways that may affect host immune responses. These studies of the host-microbial dialogue may lead to the identification of novel microbial targets for IBD therapies. |
### Instruction:
Does poloxamer synperonic F108 improve cellular transduction with lentiviral vectors?
### Response:
| The results obtained in the present study indicate that a contribution to efficiency is made by each adjuvant, with polybrene acting as a charge protector and poloxamer synperonic F108 as a membrane modulator. Therefore, poloxamer synperonic F108, either alone or in combination, can lead to the optimization of large-scale lentiviral transduction approaches. |
### Instruction:
Is apolipoprotein C-I an APOE genotype-dependent suppressor of glial activation?
### Response:
| ApoC-I is immunosuppressive. Our results illuminate a novel potential mechanism for APOE genotype risk for AD; one in which patients with an ε4 allele have decreased expression of apoC-I resulting in increased innate immune activity. |
### Instruction:
Are omega-3 fatty acids protective against paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy : a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial?
### Response:
| Omega-3 fatty acids may be an efficient neuroprotective agent for prophylaxis against PIPN. Patients with breast cancer have a longer disease free survival rate with the aid of therapeutical agents. Finding a way to solve the disabling effects of PIPN would significantly improve the patients' quality of life. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide association study indicate variants associated with insulin signaling and inflammation mediate lipoprotein responses to fenofibrate?
### Response:
| We report novel associations between lipoprotein diameter responses to fenofibrate and the AHCYL2 and CD36 genes. Previous associations of these genes with IR emphasize the role of IR in mediating lipoprotein response to fenofibrate. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin E alter inflammatory gene expression in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis?
### Response:
| Vitamin E supplementation had anti-inflammatory and beneficial effects on the pancreatic gene expression of some inflammatory biomarkers in rats with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis, confirming its participation in the inflammatory response mechanisms in the pancreas. |
### Instruction:
Do parents of children with congenital heart disease prefer more information than cardiologists provide?
### Response:
| Parents of older children with CHD would prefer to receive more counseling and education in the prenatal and newborn period than cardiologists perceive is wanted. |
### Instruction:
Are rates of coronary intervention due to de novo significant atherosclerosis and cardiac death very low in Korean patients with vasospastic angina : 36-month follow-up results of the Vasospastic Angina in the Catholic Medical Center ( VA-CMC ) registry?
### Response:
| Korean patients with VSA demonstrated low rates of development of significant atherosclerosis leading to PCI and cardiac mortality. However, cessation of medication, smoking, and high baseline hsCRP were the independent risk factors for unfavorable outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does epidural direct current stimulation over the left medial prefrontal cortex facilitate spatial working memory performance in rats?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that epidural direct current stimulation over the mPFC facilitates spatial working memory in rats, an effect that persisted over the long term. |
### Instruction:
Does mild metabolic acidosis impair the β-adrenergic response in isolated human failing myocardium?
### Response:
| Our data show that mild metabolic acidosis reduces cardiac contractility and significantly impairs the β-adrenergic force response in human failing myocardium. Thus, our results could contribute to the still-controversial discussion about the therapy regimen of acidosis in patients with critical heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Do virus-producing cells determine the host protein profiles of HIV-1 virion cores?
### Response:
| Profiles of host proteins packaged in the cores of HIV-1 virions depend on the type of virus producing cell. The pool of proteins present in the cores of all virions is likely to contain factors important for viral functions. Incorporation ratio of certain RNA- and DNA-binding proteins suggests their more efficient, non-random packaging into virions in T cells than in mMΦ and mMN. |
### Instruction:
Do gene-gene interactions in IL23/Th17 pathway contribute to psoriasis susceptibility in Chinese Han population?
### Response:
| Our results might be helpful for explaining the missing heritability of the psoriasis due to epistasis and provide a deep insight into the important role of the IL23/Th17 pathway in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. |
### Instruction:
Is acquisition and reconditioning of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference in mice blocked by the H₂O₂ scavenger alpha lipoic acid?
### Response:
| These data suggest that a decline in H2O2 availability by LA might impede the formation of brain ethanol-derived acetaldehyde by catalase, which results in an impairment of the rewarding properties of ethanol. |
### Instruction:
Does bCAR4 induce antioestrogen resistance but sensitises breast cancer to lapatinib?
### Response:
| This study shows that BCAR4 expression identifies a subgroup of ER-positive breast cancer patients without overexpression of ERBB2 who have a poor outcome and might benefit from combined ERBB2-targeted and antioestrogen therapy. |
### Instruction:
Do asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations decrease in patients with HIV infection under antiretroviral therapy?
### Response:
| Successful ART, defined by HIV RNA levels below the limit of detection, leads to decreasing levels of methylated arginines and immune activation markers. Thus, it is unlikely that disturbances of dimethylarginine metabolism account for the increased risk of cardiovascular events of HIV-infected patients under ART. |
### Instruction:
Does pyrosequencing-based analysis reveal a novel capsular gene cluster in a KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate identified in Brazil?
### Response:
| We report the first description of a cps cluster from a Brazilian clinical isolate of a KPC-producing K. pneumoniae. The gathered data including K-serotyping support that Kp13's K-antigen belongs to a novel capsular serotype. The CPS of Kp13 probably includes L-rhamnose and D-galacturonate in its structure, among other residues. Because genes involved in L-rhamnose biosynthesis are absent in humans, this pathway may represent potential targets for the development of antimicrobial agents. Studying the capsular serotypes of clinical isolates is of great importance for further development of vaccines and/or novel therapeutic agents. The distribution of K-types among multidrug-resistant isolates is unknown, but our findings may encourage scientists to perform K-antigen typing of KPC-producing strains worldwide. |
### Instruction:
Is host cytokine storm associated with disease severity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome?
### Response:
| The study demonstrates that SFTSV infection induces a cytokine storm with abnormally expressed cytokine profiles, which are associated with the disease severity. |
### Instruction:
Is the synergistic therapeutic effect of temozolomide and hyperbaric oxygen on glioma U251 cell lines accompanied by alterations in vascular endothelial growth factor and multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 levels?
### Response:
| TMZ and HBO synergistically induced the apoptosis of glioma cells, possibly through reduced vascularization and inhibition of drug resistance. The combination of TMZ and HBO may be a powerful treatment for malignant glioma. |
### Instruction:
Is high serum vascular endothelial growth factor level an adverse prognostic factor for high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with dose-dense chemoimmunotherapy?
### Response:
| Pretreatment s-VEGF level is a predictor of PFS after chemoimmunotherapy and may help to further stratify high-risk DLBCL patients into low- and high-risk groups. |
### Instruction:
Does nHE1 inhibition improve tissue perfusion and resuscitation outcome after severe hemorrhage?
### Response:
| In this study, NHE1 inhibition with BIIB513 improved vital organ blood flow, prevented the development of metabolic acidosis during prolonged hypovolemia, and facilitated the hemodynamic response to fluid resuscitation, resulting in increased survival and normal neurological outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Do hemicelluloses negatively affect lignocellulose crystallinity for high biomass digestibility under NaOH and H2SO4 pretreatments in Miscanthus?
### Response:
| Using six pairs of Miscanthus samples with different cell wall compositions, hemicelluloses were revealed to be the dominant factor that positively determined biomass digestibility after pretreatments with NaOH or H2SO4 by negatively affecting cellulose crystallinity. The results suggested potential approaches to the genetic modifications of bioenergy crops. |
### Instruction:
Does cross-sectional assessment of prevalence and correlate of blood-borne and sexually-transmitted infections among Afghan National Army recruits?
### Response:
| Though prevalence of HIV, HCV, syphilis, and HSV-2 was low, sexual risk behaviors and intoxicant use were present among a substantial minority, indicating need for prevention programming. Formative work is needed to determine a culturally appropriate approach for prevention programming to reduce STI risk among Afghan National Army troops. |
### Instruction:
Does clinical aspects and frequency of scorpion sting in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia?
### Response:
| The high prevalence of scorpion stings largely with mild signs/symptoms and without any mortality suggests the predominance of weak venomous scorpion species in the Riyadh region. Therefore, the protocol of managing scorpion-sting patients with anti-venom irrespective of the intensity of manifestations warrants a detailed review. |
### Instruction:
Does class A scavenger receptor deficiency exacerbate lung tumorigenesis by cultivating a procarcinogenic microenvironment in humans and mice?
### Response:
| Evidence from the population study and mouse model strongly indicates that SR-A may function as a tumor modulator to inhibit lung cancer growth through affecting the tumor microenvironment. |
### Instruction:
Does simultaneous placement of multiple central lines increase central line-associated bloodstream infection rates?
### Response:
| Our data show that the number of CLs in place had a strong influence on CLABSI rates. Thus, we advocate stratifying patients by the number of CLs in place to take this increased risk of infection into account during surveillance. |
### Instruction:
Are neuroexcitatory effects of morphine-3-glucuronide dependent on Toll-like receptor 4 signaling?
### Response:
| These outcomes provide evidence that M3G may play a role in OIH via the TLR4/MD-2 heterodimer complex and biophysical properties of tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant NaV currents. |
### Instruction:
Do patients undergoing subacute rehabilitation have accurate expectations of their health-related quality of life at discharge?
### Response:
| Patients admitted for subacute in-hospital rehabilitation were able to anticipate their discharge health-related quality of life on the EQ-5D instrument with a moderate level of accuracy. This finding adds to the foundational empirical work supporting joint treatment decision making and patient-centered models of care during rehabilitation following acute illness or injury. Accurate patient expectations of the impact of treatment (or disease progression) on future health-related related quality of life is likely to allow patients and health professionals to successfully target interventions to priority areas where meaningful gains can be achieved. |
### Instruction:
Are serum levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor ( PEDF ) independently associated with procollagen III N-terminal peptide levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?
### Response:
| The present study reveals that serum levels of PEDF are independently associated with P-III-P levels, suggesting that PEDF level is a novel biomarker of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. |
### Instruction:
Does next-generation sequencing of cervical DNA detect human papillomavirus types not detected by commercial kits?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that there are HPV types, with substantial prevalence, in HIV positive women not being detected in molecular epidemiology studies using commercial kits. The significance of these types in relation to cervical disease remains to be investigated. |
### Instruction:
Does a common variant in the precursor miR-146a sequence predispose to cholangiocarcinoma in a large European cohort?
### Response:
| Our data do not support a prominent contribution of the pre-miR-146a sequence variant in the genetic predisposition to CCA. However, current studies functionally characterizing rs2910164 have proposed that distinct repertoires of target genes are addressed by genotype-specific mature miR-146a species. Given the detected trend towards a potentially protective role of GC heterozygosity, a subtle modulation of genetic CCA risk by the pre-miR-146a GC genotype may exist and should be evaluated further. |
### Instruction:
Do low 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels correlate with the presence of extra-hepatic manifestations in chronic hepatitis C virus infection?
### Response:
| In chronic HCV infection, low 25(OH)D levels correlate with the presence of mixed cryoglobulinaemia and systemic vasculitis in chronic HCV infection. These findings suggest the potential multifaceted benefits of vitamin D supplementation in HCV-infected patients with extra-hepatic manifestations, but interventional studies are needed to confirm these data. |
### Instruction:
Does aging differentially affect human skeletal muscle amino acid transporter expression when essential amino acids are ingested after exercise?
### Response:
| RE increases muscle amino acid transporter expression in young and older adults, however, post exercise EAA ingestion enhances amino acid transporter expression only in young indicating that aging may influence the function of specific amino acid transporters. |
### Instruction:
Does loss of CD26 protease activity in recipient mice during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation result in improved transplant efficiency?
### Response:
| These results provide preclinical evidence of CD26, in the HSCT recipient, as a major regulator of HSC/HPC engraftment with minor effects on HSC/HPC homing and suggest the potential use of CD26 inhibitors in HSCT patients to improve transplant efficiency. |
### Instruction:
Are high glycemic load diet , milk and ice cream consumption related to acne vulgaris in Malaysian young adults : a case control study?
### Response:
| Glycemic load diet and frequencies of milk and ice cream intake were positively associated with acne vulgaris. |
### Instruction:
Does infection with street strain rabies virus induce modulation of the microRNA profile of the mouse brain?
### Response:
| RABV causes significant changes in the miRNA expression profiles of infected mouse brains. Predicted target genes of the differentially expression miRNAs are associated with host immune response, which may provide important information for investigation of RABV pathogenesis and therapeutic method. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin II inhibit interleukin-6 mRNA expression of LPS-stimulated macrophages through down-regulating calcium signaling?
### Response:
| Our data show that calcium signaling is closely related to IL-6 mRNA expression. Angiotensin II inhibits IL-6 mRNA expression of LPS-stimulated MØ. The inhibitory effects of angiotensin II appear, at least in part, to be mediated through down regulating calcium dependent pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does the I148M PNPLA3 polymorphism influence serum adiponectin in patients with fatty liver and healthy controls?
### Response:
| The I148M PNPLA3 variant is associated with adiponectin levels in patients with NAFLD and in healthy subjects, but in the presence of adiponectin resistance not in CHC patients. The I148M PNPLA3 genotype may represent a genetic determinant of serum adiponectin levels. Modulation of serum adiponectin might be involved in mediating the susceptibility to steatosis, NASH, and hepatocellular carcinoma in carriers of the 148 M PNPLA3 variant without CHC, with potential therapeutic implications. |
### Instruction:
Are metabolic parameters and emotionality little affected in G-protein coupled receptor 12 ( Gpr12 ) mutant mice?
### Response:
| Studying metabolic and emotionality parameters in Gpr12 mutant mice did not reveal a major phenotypic impact of the gene mutation. Compared to previous results showing a metabolic phenotype in Gpr12 mice with a mixed 129 and C57Bl6 background, we suggest that a more pure C57Bl/6 background due to further backcrossing might have reduced the phenotypic penetrance. |
### Instruction:
Is failure to increase insulin secretory capacity during pregnancy-induced insulin resistance associated with ethnicity and gestational diabetes?
### Response:
| Pregnant women from East Asia and South Asia were more insulin resistant and showed poorer HOMA-β-cell function than Western Europeans. |
### Instruction:
Does caloric restriction induce changes in insulin and body weight measurements that are inversely associated with subsequent weight regain?
### Response:
| LCD-induced changes in BMI, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR are inversely associated with weight regain in the 6-month period following weight loss. |
### Instruction:
Is lower health literacy associated with poorer health status and outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
### Response:
| Independent of socioeconomic status, poor health literacy is associated with greater COPD severity, greater COPD helplessness, worse respiratory-specific HRQoL, and higher odds of COPD-related emergency health-care utilization. These results underscore that COPD patients with poor health literacy may be at particular risk for poor health-related outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Are vertebral fractures in ankylosing spondylitis associated with lower bone mineral density in both central and peripheral skeleton?
### Response:
| VF in AS are common but are often not diagnosed. VF are associated with advanced age, longstanding disease, impaired back mobility, syndesmophyte formation, and lower BMD in both the central and peripheral skeleton. BMD in the femoral neck, total hip, and estimated vBMD showed the strongest association with VF. |
### Instruction:
Does platelet recovery rate during plasma exchange predict early and late responses in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?
### Response:
| PRR3 with a cutoff of 5 × 10(9) /L per 24 hours provides a practical approach to risk stratify TTP patients receiving TPE early in their treatment and may guide the decision making both at initial encounters and during the long-term follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Is transcriptional repression of RUNX2 associated with aggressive clinicopathological outcomes , whereas nuclear location of the protein is related to metastasis in prostate cancer?
### Response:
| RUNX2 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with CaP aggressiveness. Moreover, the nuclear location of RUNX2 may be a prognostic marker of metastasis in CaP. |
### Instruction:
Is monosodium glutamate associated with overweight in Vietnamese adults?
### Response:
| The study demonstrated that overweight was not associated with MSG intake in Vietnamese adults. Further longitudinal studies should be done in different populations to determine the relationship between MSG and overweight. |
### Instruction:
Are variants of the gentamicin and tobramycin resistance plasmid pRAY widely distributed in Acinetobacter?
### Response:
| The plasmid pRAY* and variants are widely distributed in Acinetobacter spp. and are the most common cause of resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin. Mobilization genes should assist in the dissemination of pRAY* and its variants. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel Schlemm 's Canal scaffold increase outflow facility in a human anterior segment perfusion model?
### Response:
| The Hydrus Microstent provided an effective way to increase outflow facility in human eyes ex vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does combination of renal biomarkers predict acute kidney injury in critically ill adults?
### Response:
| The biomarker combinations had better predictive characteristics compared with those of each biomarker alone. |
### Instruction:
Does selective loss of noradrenaline exacerbate early cognitive dysfunction and synaptic deficits in APP/PS1 mice?
### Response:
| These results indicate that early LC degeneration and subsequent NA deficiency in AD may contribute to cognitive deficits via altered levels of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and suggest that NA supplementation could be beneficial in early AD. |
### Instruction:
Does community influence on adolescents ' use of home-brewed alcohol in rural South Africa?
### Response:
| Findings highlight community influences on alcohol use among rural adolescents in South Africa. Feeling affirmed and valued by the broader community appears to protect adolescents against early alcohol use. In contrast, perceptions of high levels of adult anti-social behavior and crime and violence in the community are significant risks for early alcohol initiation. Implications of these findings for the prevention of alcohol use among adolescents in rural communities are discussed. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic variation in the TNF receptor-associated factor 6 gene associated with susceptibility to sepsis-induced acute lung injury?
### Response:
| Our findings indicated that common genetic variants in TRAF6 were significantly associated with susceptibility to sepsis-induced ALI in Chinese Han population. This was the first genetic evidence supporting a role for TRAF6 in ALI. |
### Instruction:
Does prevalence and correlate of anomalous experiences in a large non-clinical sample?
### Response:
| This large scale study demonstrated significant association between anomalous experiences and anomalous beliefs in the general population. The relationship was not, however present in all cases similar to cases reported in the clinical literature. |
### Instruction:
Are adult attachment insecurities associated with obsessive compulsive disorder?
### Response:
| Addressing attachment anxiety in individuals presenting with OCD may be important for enhancing therapeutic outcomes. However, findings are based on cross-sectional data that preclude conclusions relating to causal influence. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin 8 correlate with intestinal involvement in surgically treated infants with necrotizing enterocolitis?
### Response:
| To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a significant correlation of IL-8 with intestinal involvement in advanced NEC in a large patient population. Our results indicate that IL-8 may be a promising biomarker for assessing intestinal involvement in infants with advanced NEC. |
### Instruction:
Does matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor COL-3 prevent the development of paclitaxel-induced hyperalgesia in mice?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that the MMP inhibitor COL-3 protected against paclitaxel-induced thermal hyperalgesia and, thus, could be useful in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced painful neuropathy. |
### Instruction:
Does baicalein attenuate impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and the neurocognitive deficits induced by γ-ray radiation?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that baicalein can be viewed as a potential therapeutic agent that protects against the impaired neurogenesis induced by WBI, and its neurocognitive consequences. |
### Instruction:
Does the LCMV gp33-specific memory T cell repertoire narrow with age?
### Response:
| These data show that following LCMV infection the CD8+ gp33-specific CD8 T cell response becomes highly restricted with enormous narrowing of the diversity. This narrowing of the repertoire could contribute to the progressively ineffective immune response seen in aging. |
### Instruction:
Does treatment of deep articular talus lesions by matrix associated autologous chondrocyte implantation -- result at five years?
### Response:
| Matrix associated autologous chondrocyte implantation is capable of significant and stable long-term improvement of pain and functional impairment caused by focal full-thickness chondral and osteochondral talus lesions. |
### Instruction:
Does the fatty acid synthase inhibitor orlistat reduce experimental metastases and angiogenesis in B16-F10 melanomas?
### Response:
| FASN inhibitors reduce metastasis and tumour-induced angiogenesis in experimental melanomas, and differentially modulate VEGFA expression in B16-F10 cells. |
### Instruction:
Do a randomised cross-over cohort study of exposure to emissions from a road tunnel ventilation stack?
### Response:
| There was no consistent evidence of adverse respiratory effects from short-term exposures downwind of the tunnel ventilation stack, except for dry nose symptoms. However, the findings of increased airway inflammation and symptoms in subjects after only 2 h exposure at the heavily trafficked location, are suggestive of detrimental effects of short-term exposures to traffic-related air pollution. |
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