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### Instruction:
Is iCAM-1 K469E polymorphism a genetic determinant for the clinical risk factors of T2D subjects with retinopathy in Indians : a population-based case-control study?
### Response:
| This study shows that allele A of rs5498 in ICAM-1 is a putative risk predisposing allele for T2D retinopathy and its clinical covariates in Indian population. The folding rate of the protein decreases for the A allele implicating a potential effect on the structure and function of ICAM-1. |
### Instruction:
Does pain adversely affect outcomes to a collaborative care intervention for anxiety in primary care?
### Response:
| Coexisting pain was common in a sample of primary care patients with severe PD/GAD, and appeared to negatively affect response to anxiety treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does transvaginal Prolift ( ® ) mesh surgery due to advanced pelvic organ prolapse impair female sexual function : a prospective study?
### Response:
| Surgical treatment of advanced POP with the Prolift(®) system does not negatively influence sexual function, but patients should not expect a significant improvement after this type of operation. Additionally performed surgical restoration of perineal body does not reduce sexual function, either. |
### Instruction:
Is the nuclear factor-kB functional promoter polymorphism associated with endometriosis and infertility?
### Response:
| In the population sample studied, the -94 insertion/deletion ATTG polymorphism in the NFKB1 gene was positively associated both with moderate/severe endometriosis and idiopathic infertility. |
### Instruction:
Does tacrolimus induce glomerular injury via endothelial dysfunction caused by reactive oxygen species and inflammatory change?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that glomerular injury resulting from FK506 is caused by oxidative stress mediated by activation of NAD(P)H oxidase and that telmisartan exerts a renoprotective effect via antioxidative activity. |
### Instruction:
Is hLA class II a factor in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates in patients with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| The (DR1/10)-DQB1*05:01 haplotype and the (DR1/10)-DQB1*05:01/DRB1*04:01-DQB1*03:02 genotype are independently associated with cardiovascular events and death in Finnish type 1 diabetic patients. |
### Instruction:
Are [ Invasive ductal carcinomas of breast showing partial reversed cell polarity associated with lymphatic tumor spread ]?
### Response:
| IDC with PRCP, similar to IMPC, is more likely to show lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis. Complete or partial reversal of cell polarity may play a significant role in lymphatic tumor spread. |
### Instruction:
Does leptin-mediated reactive oxygen species production significantly affect primary mouse hepatocyte functions in vitro?
### Response:
| Leptin induced higher ROS levels in primary hepatocytes than in LSECs and HSCs, depending on NADPH oxidase, MEK1 and JAK2 signalling but not on the long leptin receptor isoform. Furthermore, leptin exposure did not influence primary hepatocyte functionality negatively. |
### Instruction:
Does hippocampal sclerosis worsen autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy ( ADNFLE ) phenotype related to CHRNB2 mutation?
### Response:
| The results of this study illustrate that hippocampal sclerosis has offered a fertile substrate for intractable ADNFLE to develop. The present findings also highlight the importance of acquired factors that are directly relevant to the epilepsy phenotype and its severity even in monogenic epilepsies. |
### Instruction:
Does combination of cilostazol and clopidogrel attenuate rat critical limb ischemia?
### Response:
| Combined cilostazol-clopidogrel therapy is superior to either agent alone in improving ischemia in rodent CLI. |
### Instruction:
Does aPTT reagent with ellagic acid as activator show adequate lupus anticoagulant sensitivity in comparison to silica-based reagent?
### Response:
| Our results showed that the ellagic acid-based reagent was more sensitive to LA than silica-based reagents in a low phospholipid condition and had adequate sensitivity to detect LA. We concluded that the sensitivity of APTT reagents for LA is dependent on phospholipid concentration and not the activator. |
### Instruction:
Are cytokine gene polymorphisms associated with irritable bowel syndrome : a systematic review and meta-analysis?
### Response:
| This meta-analysis indicates a role for IL-10 polymorphisms in IBS in general and TNF in Asian populations. Whether or not gene polymorphisms are associated with alterations in cytokine levels leading to functional effects at the level of the gut needs further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Is pre-treatment compensation use a stronger correlate of measures of activity limitations than cognitive impairment?
### Response:
| Results indicate that, after acquired brain injury, baseline compensation use is more strongly associated with measures of activity limitations than is cognitive impairment. |
### Instruction:
Does ischaemic postconditioning rescue brain injury caused by focal ischaemia/reperfusion via attenuation of protein oxidization?
### Response:
| Ischaemic postconditioning is an effective way of reducing the size and effects of brain infarction caused by focal ischaemia/reperfusion, possibly due to a decrease in oxidized protein levels. Decreasing protein oxidization may, therefore, be a useful target for preventing cerebral injury. |
### Instruction:
Do why community members want to participate in the selection of students into medical school?
### Response:
| Given the opportunity, community members are willing participants in selecting students into medicine. Community members bring different skills and perspectives to the selection process from which they can influence the future medical workforce. |
### Instruction:
Are retinol levels associated with magnetic resonance imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| Serum retinol is inversely associated with simultaneous and subsequent MRI outcomes in RRMS. |
### Instruction:
Are mS risk genes transcriptionally regulated in CSF leukocytes at relapse?
### Response:
| DNA microarray analysis is useful in identifying differently expressed genes in CSF leukocytes, which may be important in MS in vivo. Our findings suggest that many of the risk genes for MS are differently expressed in the disease-mediating leukocytes that penetrate the blood-brain barrier. |
### Instruction:
Are jAK1 gene polymorphisms associated with the outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection , but not with α interferon therapy response in a Han Chinese population?
### Response:
| SNPs rs4244165 and rs17127024 in JAK1 were associated with outcomes of HBV infection, but not with response to IFNα therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does the index of microvascular resistance identify patients with periprocedural myocardial infarction in elective percutaneous coronary intervention?
### Response:
| Microvascular function prior to PCI is an important determinant of PPMI. Measuring IMR pre-PCI and rPIMR may allow prospective identification of patients at risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction. Future studies in a larger cohort are required to establish the predictive ability of IMR in PPMI. |
### Instruction:
Is acute kidney injury associated with increased in-hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated children with trauma?
### Response:
| Development of AKI (injury or failure) is a significant risk factor associated with in-hospital mortality. Our study highlights the need to consider both urine output as well as creatinine-based components of the pRIFLE criteria to define AKI. |
### Instruction:
Does γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor type A receptor potentiation reduce firing of neuronal assemblies in a computational cortical model?
### Response:
| GABAA facilitation both directly and indirectly inhibits the ability of neurons to form groups spontaneously. A lack of group formation is consistent with some theories of anesthetic-induced loss of memory formation and consciousness. |
### Instruction:
Do elevated circulating CD19+ lymphocytes predict survival advantage in patients with gastric cancer?
### Response:
| Circulating lymphocyte subsets in GC patients are significantly changed, and elevated CD19+ cells may predict a favorable survival. |
### Instruction:
Do interactions between MTHFR C677T-A1298C variants and folic acid deficiency affect breast cancer risk in a Chinese population?
### Response:
| Associations between the combined MTHFR C677T-A1298C polymorphism and breast cancer are possible from this study. A dose of 120 nmol/L FA could enhance apoptosis in cases with MTHFR C677T-A1298C. Breast cancer individuals with the TTAC genotype may be more sensitive to the genotoxic effects of FA deficiency than controls. |
### Instruction:
Does sunitinib reduce recurrent pelvic adhesions in a rabbit model?
### Response:
| Sunitinib treatment might be an efficacious strategy to reduce recurrent adhesion formation after pelvic procedures. |
### Instruction:
Do mobile phone emissions modulate brain excitability in patients with focal epilepsy?
### Response:
| Present results suggest a significant interaction between the brain excitability changes induced by EMFs and the epileptic focus, which eliminated the excitability enhancing effects of EMFs evident only in the CH. |
### Instruction:
Does laninamivir octanoate and artificial surfactant combination therapy significantly increase survival of mice infected with lethal influenza H1N1 Virus?
### Response:
| Combination therapy of laninamivir octanoate with artificial surfactant reduces lethality in mice infected with influenza virus, and eventually suppresses DAD formation and preserves lung function. This combination could be effective for prevention of severe pneumonia secondary to influenza virus infection in humans, which is not improved by NAI monotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Is sPARC a key regulator of proliferation , apoptosis and invasion in human ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| SPARC is overexpressed in highly invasive subclone and ovarian cancer tissues and plays an important role in ovarian cancer growth, apoptosis and metastasis. |
### Instruction:
Does characterization of a human 12/15-lipoxygenase promoter variant associated with atherosclerosis identify vimentin as a promoter binding protein?
### Response:
| This study suggests that vimentin binds the ALOX15 promoter and regulates its promoter activity and protein expression. Sequence variation that results in changes in DNA conformation and vimentin binding to the promoter may be relevant to ALOX15 gene regulation. |
### Instruction:
Does mRI correlate of disability in African-Americans with multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| By studying a quite large sample of well demographically and clinically matched CA and AA patients with a homogeneous MRI protocol we showed that higher lesion accumulation, rather than pronounced brain volume decrease might explain the early progress to ambulatory assistance of AAs with MS. |
### Instruction:
Is emotional loneliness associated with mortality among mentally intact nursing home residents with and without cancer : a five-year follow-up study?
### Response:
| Independent of a cancer diagnosis or not, emotional loneliness, age, education and comorbidity influenced mortality among nursing homes residents without cognitive impairment. |
### Instruction:
Is pRRT2 mutated in familial and non-familial benign infantile seizures?
### Response:
| Our findings emphasize that PRRT2 mutations might be responsible of both BFIS and ICCA, but might be causative also for sporadic cases of benign infantile seizures. The phenotypic spectrum comprises BFIS, ICCA, and PKD. |
### Instruction:
Do maxillary sinus-floor elevation with nanoporous biphasic bone graft material for early implant placement?
### Response:
| After a mean observation time of 21.45 months, the biomaterial showed good osseointegration and bone stability radiographically. Adding to this the positive histological and immunohistochemical findings, we conclude that, after a relatively short 4-month healing period, the biomaterial showed predictable results. |
### Instruction:
Does reduced soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products ( sRAGE ) scavenger capacity precede pre-eclampsia in Type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| In the early stages of pregnancy, lower circulating sRAGE levels, and the ratio of sRAGE to AGEs, may be associated with the subsequent development of PE in women with T1DM. |
### Instruction:
Does inositol hexakisphosphate inhibit osteoclastogenesis on RAW 264.7 cells and human primary osteoclasts?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that IP6 inhibits osteoclastogenesis on human PBMNC and on the RAW264.7 cell line. Thus, IP6 may represent a novel type of selective inhibitor of osteoclasts and prove useful for the treatment of osteoporosis. |
### Instruction:
Does the anabolic effect of perioperative nutrition depend on the patient 's catabolic state before surgery?
### Response:
| We demonstrate a significant association between the degree of preoperative catabolism, the patient's age, and the anabolic effect of hypocaloric nutrition (ClinicalTrials.gov registration ID: NCT01414946). |
### Instruction:
Is administration of triclabendazole safe and effective in controlling fascioliasis in an endemic community of the Bolivian Altiplano?
### Response:
| Administration of triclabendazole is a feasible, safe and efficacious public health intervention in an endemic community in the Bolivian Altiplano, suggesting that preventive chemotherapy can be applied to control of fascioliasis. Further investigations are needed to define the most appropriate frequency of treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does systemic preconditioning by a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor promote prevention of skin flap necrosis via HIF-1-induced bone marrow-derived cells?
### Response:
| We demonstrated that transient activation of the HIF signaling pathway by a single systemic DMOG treatment upregulates not only anti-apoptotic pathways but also enhances neovascularization with concomitant increase in the numbers of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells. |
### Instruction:
Do postoperative alignment and ROM affect patient satisfaction after TKA?
### Response:
| Most patients did not report symptoms, but they experienced difficulty with activities of daily living after TKA. Patient satisfaction is difficult to measure, but avoiding varus alignment and achieving better ROM appear to be important for increasing satisfaction and meeting expectations. |
### Instruction:
Is pomalidomide effective for prevention and treatment of experimental skin fibrosis?
### Response:
| We demonstrate for the first time that pomalidomide exerts potent antifibrotic effects in different preclinical models of skin fibrosis. These findings lend preclinical support for the clinical studies of pomalidomide in SSc. |
### Instruction:
Does tungstate reduce the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in STZ rats?
### Response:
| Here we show that treatment with tungstate restores the phosphorylation state of various signaling proteins and changes the expression pattern of metabolic enzymes. |
### Instruction:
Does bilberry ingestion improve disease activity in mild to moderate ulcerative colitis - an open pilot study?
### Response:
| This is the first report on the promising therapeutic potential of a standardized anthocyanin-rich bilberry preparation in UC in humans. These results clearly indicate a therapeutic potential of bilberries in UC. Further studies on mechanisms and randomized clinical trials are warranted. |
### Instruction:
Do trajectories of cigarette smoking in adulthood predict insomnia among women in late mid-life?
### Response:
| Smoking cessation programs and clinicians treating female patients in mid-life should be aware that chronic heavy smoking in adulthood is a significant risk factor for insomnia. |
### Instruction:
Is epigenetic modification of liver mitochondrial DNA associated with histological severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?
### Response:
| Hepatic methylation and transcriptional activity of the MT-ND6 are associated with the histological severity of NAFLD. Epigenetic changes of mtDNA are potentially reversible by interventional programs, as physical activity could modulate the methylation status of MT-ND6. |
### Instruction:
Is the NOD2insC polymorphism associated with worse outcome following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis?
### Response:
| Genetic polymorphisms, in particular, the NOD2insC risk allele, are associated with chronic inflammatory pouch outcomes among patients with UC and IPAA. |
### Instruction:
Does thymosin beta 4 protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress by targeting anti-oxidative enzymes and anti-apoptotic genes?
### Response:
| This is the first report that demonstrates the effect of Tβ4 on cardiomyocytes and its capability to selectively upregulate anti-oxidative enzymes, anti-inflammatory genes, and antiapoptotic enzymes in the neonatal cardiomyocytes thus preventing cell death thereby protecting the myocardium. Tβ4 treatment resulted in decreased oxidative stress and inflammation in the myocardium under oxidative stress. |
### Instruction:
Are microRNAs related to angiogenesis dysregulated in endometrioid endometrial cancer?
### Response:
| A dysregulated expression of miRNAs related to angiogenesis and an increase in the VEGF-A levels were observed in endometrial cancer in comparison with control. The different expression of miRNAs could modulate the expression of angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does blockade of adenosine A2A receptors prevent interleukin-1β-induced exacerbation of neuronal toxicity through a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway?
### Response:
| These results prompt the hypothesis that the neuroprotection afforded by A(2A)R blockade might result from this particular ability of A(2A)R to control IL-1β-induced exacerbation of excitotoxic neuronal damage, through the control of MAPK activation and late calcium deregulation. |
### Instruction:
Is macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene polymorphism associated with pemphigus vulgaris in Iranian patients?
### Response:
| The result of this study using a large and well documented trial of patients showed that macrophage migration inhibitory factor -173G-C polymorphism is not associated with pemphigus vulgaris; but as the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the inflammatory process has not been delineated in detail and the prevalence of C/C genotype is notably higher in our nation, this finding merits more consideration. |
### Instruction:
Does direct integration of intensity-level data from Affymetrix and Illumina microarrays improve statistical power for robust reanalysis?
### Response:
| Normalised and batch-corrected intensity-level data from Affymetrix and Illumina microarrays can be directly combined to generate biologically meaningful results with improved statistical power for robust, integrated reanalysis. |
### Instruction:
Is weight gain after lung reduction surgery related to improved lung function and ventilatory efficiency?
### Response:
| LVRS leads to weight gain in nonobese patients, which is associated with improvement in lung function, exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength, and ventilatory efficiency. These physiological changes may be partially responsible for weight gain in patients who undergo LVRS. |
### Instruction:
Is hCRP1 expression status a significant prognostic marker in oral and oropharyngeal cancer?
### Response:
| Low HCRP1 expression was found to be of adverse prognostic significance in patients with OOSCC who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Does activation of natural killer T cells ameliorate postinfarct cardiac remodeling and failure in mice?
### Response:
| iNKT cells play a protective role against post-MI LV remodeling and failure through the enhanced expression of cardioprotective cytokines such as IL-10. |
### Instruction:
Is poor health-related quality of life associated with long-term mortality in young adults with cerebral infarction?
### Response:
| Poor HRQOL is associated with subsequent long-term mortality in young adults with ischemic stroke and this may pertain particularly to pain, sleep disturbances and low physical fitness. |
### Instruction:
Do efficiency of caries risk assessment in young adults using Cariogram?
### Response:
| Cariogram is effective and can be used for caries risk assessment instead of single variables; however, it is possible to develop simplier models with regression analyses to determine caries risk. |
### Instruction:
Do lAP+CD4+ T cells are suppressors accumulated in the tumor sites and associated with the progression of colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| LAP(+)CD4(+) T cells as a suppressor subset could accumulate in the tumor microenvironment and circulated more in the peripheral blood with tumor progression in patients with CRC. |
### Instruction:
Does counteracting autophagy overcome resistance to everolimus in mantle cell lymphoma?
### Response:
| These results suggest that autophagy induction protects MCL cells from Akt/mTOR targeting and counteracting autophagy may represent an attractive strategy for sensitizing MCL cells to everolimus-based therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is early infarct FLAIR hyperintensity associated with increased hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis?
### Response:
| Early development of FLAIR hyperintensity within the area of diffusion restriction is associated with increased risk of HT after thrombolysis in acute stroke patients. |
### Instruction:
Are caregiver food behaviours associated with dietary intakes of children outside the child-care setting?
### Response:
| Children’s dietary intakes at home need to be improved. Parents need to understand the importance of providing home environments that support healthful food behaviours in children. |
### Instruction:
Is post-chemotherapy T-cell recovery a marker of improved survival in patients with advanced thoracic malignancies?
### Response:
| Chemotherapy potentially provides a favourable environment for the development of anti-tumour immunity through transient Treg depletion and regeneration of the T-cell pool. Change in CD8(+) T-cell proliferation after one cycle of chemotherapy may represent a useful prognostic indicator in patients with MM and NSCLC. |
### Instruction:
Does oritavancin induce Clostridium difficile germination and toxin production in hamsters or a human gut model?
### Response:
| Oritavancin exposure, unlike exposure to vancomycin or clindamycin, did not lead to CDI in hamsters. In both models, oritavancin reduced C. difficile total counts and spores to below detectable limits. The data indicate the potential of oritavancin for CDI treatment, since exposure did not induce C. difficile germination and toxin production, which are known to exacerbate the disease state. |
### Instruction:
Does lung microenvironment contribute to the resistance of alveolar macrophages to develop tolerance to endotoxin*?
### Response:
| Our results support the conclusion that at homeostasis in the lungs, constitutive expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-18, interferon-γ and possibly interleukin-15, and a cross-talk between B lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages create a microenvironment specific to the lungs that prevents alveolar macrophages from becoming tolerant to endotoxin. |
### Instruction:
Do intracellular calcium oscillations in articular chondrocytes induced by basic calcium phosphate crystals lead to cartilage degradation?
### Response:
| BCP crystals can induce variation in iCa(2+) content and oscillations in articular chondrocytes. Furthermore, BCP crystal-induced changes in iCa(2+) content play a pivotal role in BCP catabolic effects on articular cartilage. |
### Instruction:
Is swiss ball abdominal crunch with added elastic resistance an effective alternative to training machines?
### Response:
| Crunches on a Swiss ball with added elastic resistance induces high rectus abdominis activity accompanied by low hip flexor activity which could be beneficial for individuals with low back pain. In opposition, the lower rectus abdominis activity and higher rectus femoris activity observed in machine warrant caution for individuals with lumbar pain. Importantly, both men and women, younger and elderly, and individuals with and without pain benefitted equally from the exercises. |
### Instruction:
Are tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells positively correlated with angiogenic status in renal cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| These observations suggest that the high pro-angiogenic status of RCC may be associated with the accumulation of Tregs in the local microenvironment. Angiogenesis networks may be connected with immune tolerance units and cooperate with each other to facilitate tumor growth and progression. |
### Instruction:
Is neuron-specific enolase elevated in asymptomatic carriers of Leber 's hereditary optic neuropathy?
### Response:
| Serum NSE levels are higher in LHON carriers compared with affected and off-pedigree individuals. A subgroup of mostly male carriers had significantly elevated serum NSE levels. Thus, male carriers are at higher risk for LHON-related neuronal stress. |
### Instruction:
Does silencing of TLR4 increase tumor progression and lung metastasis in a murine model of breast cancer?
### Response:
| TLR4 exerts both a defensive role at the host level and a negative role at the cancer cell level in this murine metastatic breast tumor model. Further evaluation of the role of TLR4 in breast cancer is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Are mitofusins 1 and 2 essential for postnatal metabolic remodeling in heart?
### Response:
| Our findings establish that Mfn-1 and Mfn-2 are essential in mediating mitochondrial remodeling during postnatal cardiac development, a time of dramatic transitions in the bioenergetics and growth of the heart. |
### Instruction:
Does laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated acute appendicitis result in increased surgical complications?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated no increase in surgical complications after LA in patients with complicated acute appendicitis when compared with those who had uncomplicated disease. Therefore, LA may be considered the first-choice treatment option for both uncomplicated and complicated acute appendicitis. |
### Instruction:
Does upregulation of TRPM7 channels by angiotensin II trigger phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells of ascending aorta?
### Response:
| Our data establish that upregulation of TRPM7 channels by Ang II contributes to the development of the proliferative phenotype of ascending aortic VSMCs, and TRPM7 channel suppresses VSMC gene expression via Ca(2+) influx-mediated activation of Pyk2-ERK1/2-Elk-1 pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is hypercholesterolemia associated with a lower risk of cerebral ischemic small vessel disease detected on brain checkups?
### Response:
| Hypercholesterolemia was significantly associated with a lower risk of SVD, detected by MRI, in participants undergoing a brain checkup, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, such as age and hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Do lipoplexes carrying mRNA encoding Gag protein modulate dendritic cells to stimulate HIV-specific immune responses?
### Response:
| Cationic lipid-mediated mRNA delivery may be a useful tool for therapeutic vaccination against HIV-1. This approach can be applied to develop vaccination strategies for other infectious diseases and cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does a nano-sized PARACEST-fluorescence imaging contrast agent facilitate and validates in vivo CEST MRI detection of glioma?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated the merits of using a nano-sized imaging contrast agent for detecting gliomas and using a dual-modality agent for detecting gliomas at different spatial scales. |
### Instruction:
Is apolipoprotein B a new target of the GDNF/RET and ET-3/EDNRB signalling pathways?
### Response:
| Apob is a novel downstream target of the RET/EDNRB pathways with a role in neuronal survival and maintenance, as indicated by its effect on HuD expression. Our data provide a conceptual framework to investigate and establish the role of APOB gene in severe gut dysmotility. |
### Instruction:
Does knee laxity after staircase exercise predict radiographic disease progression in medial compartment knee osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that patients with OA progression have significantly greater changes in knee joint laxity during physical activities and a higher BMI than patients without OA progression. These findings suggest that larger changes in knee laxity during repetitive physical activities and a higher BMI play significant roles in the progression of knee OA. |
### Instruction:
Is hepatic encephalopathy associated with decreased cerebral oxygen metabolism and blood flow , not increased ammonia uptake?
### Response:
| The low values of CMRO(2) and CBF observed during HE increased after recovery from HE and were thus associated with HE rather than the liver disease as such. The changes in CMRO(2) and CBF could not be linked to blood ammonia concentration or CMRA. |
### Instruction:
Are levels of components of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease parenchymal destruction and airway remodelling?
### Response:
| Correlations between components of the uPA system and lung function, small airway fibrosis and emphysema indicate a role for the uPA system in COPD. |
### Instruction:
Is glutathione S-transferase PI ( GST-PI ) mRNA expression and DNA methylation involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of NSCLC?
### Response:
| GST-PI mRNA expression seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. High levels of GST-PI DNA methylation in tumor tissue of NSCLC patients have a potential as a biomarker identifying subpopulations with a more aggressive tumor biology. Quantitation of GST-PI DNA methylation may be a useful method to identify patients with a poor prognosis after curative resection and who will benefit from intensive adjuvant therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does next-generation sequencing identify a novel compound heterozygous mutation in MYO7A in a Chinese patient with Usher Syndrome 1B?
### Response:
| The compound heterozygosity identified in gene MYO7A causes Usher Syndrome 1B with severe phenotypes. The results support that the combination of enrichment of targeted genes and next-generation sequencing is a valuable molecular diagnostic tool for hereditary deafness and suitable for clinical application. |
### Instruction:
Are growth arrest-specific gene 6 ( Gas6 ) levels elevated in patients with chronic renal failure?
### Response:
| Dysregulation of circulating Gas6 is associated with renal disease and inversely proportional to renal function. Low albumin and higher IV iron administration were associated with higher Gas6 levels, suggesting a possible connection between inflammation and oxidative stress mediated by iron. Protein S levels were also elevated in CKD patients, but the relevance of this finding needs to be further investigated. |
### Instruction:
Do plasma factors during chronic HIV-1 infection impair IL-12 secretion by myeloid dendritic cells via a virus-independent pathway?
### Response:
| Plasma factors during chronic HIV infection impair mDC function in a manner that likely impacts the formation of immune responses to HIV, opportunistic pathogens, and vaccines. Despite partial alleviation by cART, this suppression was not directly mediated by HIV. |
### Instruction:
Does upregulation of microRNA-1 and microRNA-133 contribute to arsenic-induced cardiac electrical remodeling?
### Response:
| Deregulation of miR-133 and miR-1 underlies As2O3-induced cardiac electrical disorders and these miRs may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the handling of As2O3 cardiotoxicity. |
### Instruction:
Do distinct gene loci control the host response to influenza H1N1 virus infection in a time-dependent manner?
### Response:
| We have mapped influenza susceptibility loci to chromosomes 2, 5, 16, 17, and 19. Body weight and survival loci have a time-dependent profile that presumably reflects the temporal dynamic of the response to infection. We highlight candidate genes in the respective intervals and review their possible biological function during infection. |
### Instruction:
Does mSQoL-54 predict change in fatigue after inpatient rehabilitation for people with multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| Inpatient rehabilitation decreased MS patients' fatigue. Change in fatigue was predicted with certain domains of QoL at baseline. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin II type 2 receptor mediate sex differences in mice renal interlobar arteries response to angiotensin II?
### Response:
| A sex-specific, nitric oxide-mediated effect via angiotensin II type 2 receptors underlies the sex differences in the response of interlobar arteries to angiotensin II. Our findings may help understanding sex differences in renal hemodynamics and blood pressure control. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide screening reveal an EMT molecular network mediated by Sonic hedgehog-Gli1 signaling in pancreatic cancer cells?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that targeting the molecular connections established between SHH-Gli1 signaling and EMT could provide effective therapies for PC. |
### Instruction:
Does propofol induce proliferation and invasion of gallbladder cancer cells through activation of Nrf2?
### Response:
| Propofol induces proliferation and promotes invasion of GC cells through activation of Nrf2. |
### Instruction:
Is renal oxygen content increased in healthy subjects after angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition?
### Response:
| This result suggests that the technique efficiently measured alterations in renal blood oxygenation after angiotensin II-converting enzyme inhibition and that it may provide a new strategy for identifying the early stages of renal disease and perhaps new therapeutic targets. |
### Instruction:
Does exercise training prevent diastolic dysfunction induced by metabolic syndrome in rats?
### Response:
| The role of exercise training in the prevention of metabolic and hemodynamic parameter alterations is of great importance in decreasing the cardiac morbidity and mortality related to metabolic syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Are arterial cord blood lutein levels in preterm and term healthy newborns sex and gestational age dependent?
### Response:
| Since macula densa and retina are sites of lutein accumulation, the present findings open-up a new cue on the potential role of lutein in the prevention of the retinopathy of prematurity. |
### Instruction:
Does rotator cuff integrity correlate with clinical and functional results at a minimum 16 years after open repair?
### Response:
| Rotator cuff integrity was lost in 94% of patients after a minimum followup of 16 years. Cuff integrity correlates well with clinical and functional results even several years postoperatively. A large retear seems to be the most important factor in deteriorating long-term clinical and functional results after open rotator cuff repair. |
### Instruction:
Does water immersion simplify cecal intubation in patients with redundant colons and previous incomplete colonoscopies?
### Response:
| Retrospective review; single-center, single-endoscopist study. |
### Instruction:
Does met act through Abl to regulate p53 transcriptional outcomes and cell survival in the developing liver?
### Response:
| A signaling circuit involving Abl and p38MAPK is required downstream of Met for the survival of embryonic hepatocytes, via qualitative regulation of the p53 transcriptional response, by switching its proapoptotic into survival properties. |
### Instruction:
Does red blood cell endothelial nitric oxide synthase modulate red blood cell storage hemolysis?
### Response:
| These studies suggest that RBC eNOS does not modulate susceptibility to hemolysis in response to selected stress conditions or prolonged hypothermic storage. Other strategies to increase nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity after prolonged storage utilizing NOS-independent pathways such as the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway may prove a more promising approach. |
### Instruction:
Is cerebral oxygenation highly sensitive to blood pressure variability in sick preterm infants?
### Response:
| Fluctuation in cerebral oxygenation is closely associated with increased BPV in preterm infants undergoing intensive care. Moreover, in the critically sick preterm infant, blood pressure-dependent variations in cerebral oxygenation occur even with relatively lower BPV, suggesting they have severely impaired autoregulation, and placing them at greater vulnerability to cerebral injury arising from blood pressure fluctuations. |
### Instruction:
Is pancreatic volume reduced in adult patients with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| Pancreatic volume is reduced by 26% in patients with type 1 diabetes within months of diagnosis, suggesting that atrophy begins years before the onset of clinical disease. Pancreatic atrophy within individuals is therefore a potential clinical marker of disease progression. |
### Instruction:
Does atorvastatin reduce malondialdehyde concentrations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome?
### Response:
| Twelve weeks of atorvastatin led to a significant reduction in oxidative stress as determined by MDA concentrations among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome that was independently predicted by changes in testosterone, 25OHD, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. |
### Instruction:
Do 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis predict outcome in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Parameters capturing the volume of (18)F-FDG-positive disease (MTV or TLG) provide important prognostic information in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy and should be considered for risk stratification in this disease. |
### Instruction:
Does exercise training improve selected aspects of daytime functioning in adults with obstructive sleep apnea?
### Response:
| These data provide preliminary evidence that exercise training may be helpful for improving aspects of daytime functioning of adults with OSA. Larger trials are needed to further verify the observed improvements. |
### Instruction:
Does high preoperative blood levels of HE4 predict poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| High concentration of plasma HE4 is an independent preoperative marker of poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. The algorithm ROMA discriminates in postmenopausal women between malignant and benign tumors with an AUC of 0.94. |
### Instruction:
Does over-expression of AQP7 contribute to improve insulin resistance in adipocytes?
### Response:
| AQP7 is down-regulated in adipocytes with insulin resistance. The over-expression of AQP7 contributes to improve insulin resistance in adipocytes, which is potentially correlated with the increased phosphorylation of PKB. |
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