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### Instruction:
Are blood pressure responses to acute and chronic exercise related in prehypertension?
### Response:
| The magnitude of the acute BP-lowering with exercise may predict the extent of BP lowering after chronic training interventions in prehypertensive individuals. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Silencing of MST1 expression by siRNA diminish TNF-α- mediated human umbilical vein endothelial cell apoptosis ]?
### Response:
| Silencing of MST1 expression by siRNA diminishes TNF-α-mediated human umbilical vein endothelial cell apoptosis by inhibiting the cascade effect of caspase-3. |
### Instruction:
Is cholecystolithiasis associated with Clonorchis sinensis infection?
### Response:
| Clonorchis sinensis eggs were detected in the gallbladder stones which suggests an association between Clonorchis sinensis infection and gallbladder stones formation, especially pigment stones. |
### Instruction:
Does human sulfatase-1 inhibit the migration and proliferation of SMMC-7721 hepatocellular carcinoma cells by downregulating the growth factor signaling?
### Response:
| The expression of hSulf-1 mediated by adenovirus in HCC cells could downregulate the activity of AKT and ERK signaling pathways, and inhibit HCC cell migration and proliferation. The hSulf-1 gene may be considered as a candidate of antitumor factor for cancer gene therapy. |
### Instruction:
Are prostate cancer treatments and their side effects associated with increased insomnia?
### Response:
| Androgen deprivation therapy is associated with an increased risk for insomnia, and side effects of ADT and RTH appear to play a role in the development of insomnia in this population. |
### Instruction:
Does advanced gestational age increase serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin levels in abstinent pregnant women?
### Response:
| These results suggest that a conventional cutoff of 1.7% might be too low for pregnant women and would generate false-positive results. We propose that %CDT >2.0% be used as a cutoff concentration indicative of alcohol exposure in pregnant women. The sensitivity of %CDT at this cutoff for heavy drinking during pregnancy needs to be assessed further. |
### Instruction:
Does the high angiogenic activity in very early breast cancer enable reliable imaging with VEGFR2-targeted microbubbles ( BR55 )?
### Response:
| 3D molecular ultrasound using BR55 is very well suited to depicting the angiogenic activity in very small breast lesions, suggesting its potential for detecting and characterising these lesions. |
### Instruction:
Are fOXE1 polymorphisms associated with familial and sporadic nonmedullary thyroid cancer susceptibility?
### Response:
| We found compelling evidence of association between FOXE1 variants and thyroid cancer risk in the Portuguese population. To our knowledge, this is the first study supporting the association of this locus with both sporadic and familial NMTC susceptibility. |
### Instruction:
Does scatter spectroscopic imaging distinguish between breast pathologies in tissues relevant to surgical margin assessment?
### Response:
| Localized scatter-imaging signatures detected by the scanning spectroscopy platform readily distinguished benign from malignant pathologies in surgical tissues and showed new spectral-spatial signatures of clinical breast pathologies. |
### Instruction:
Does metabolic syndrome increase the risk of aggressive prostate cancer detection?
### Response:
| MS seems not be associated with an increased risk of PC detection but it is associated with an increased risk of more aggressive tumours. |
### Instruction:
Does mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 regulate inflammatory response to stress?
### Response:
| Taken together, our results suggest a role for mTORC2 in the inflammatory-oxidative responses to stress. |
### Instruction:
Do extended interval dosing of gentamicin in premature neonates ≤ 28-week gestation?
### Response:
| In neonates ≤ 28-week gestation, an EID regimen from day one of life, using a single level 22 h after the first dose for dosing interval, achieves therapeutic peak and trough levels and more optimum peak levels as compared to a TID regimen. |
### Instruction:
Is novel nucleoside analogue FNC effective against both wild-type and lamivudine-resistant HBV clinical isolates?
### Response:
| FNC is a potential antiviral agent against both wild-type and lamivudine-resistant HBV clinical isolates, and therefore deserves further evaluation for the treatment of HBV infection. |
### Instruction:
Does low injury rate strongly correlate with team success in Qatari professional football?
### Response:
| Lower incidence rate was strongly correlated with team success. Prevention of injuries may contribute to team success. |
### Instruction:
Does in vivo administration of Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand effectively stimulate lung dendritic cell expansion in mice?
### Response:
| Flt3L administration in vivo induces lung DCs expansion, favoring myeloid and plasmacytoid DC subsets, which are phenotypically more mature. Flt3L may be useful in the therapy to augment immune function of the lung. |
### Instruction:
Do aggregate health burden and the risk of hospitalization in older persons post hip replacement surgery?
### Response:
| Several health domains predict hospitalization, beyond and including medical comorbidity. Efforts aimed at delaying/minimizing hospitalizations in this population should consider an array of domains for potentially targeted intervention. These findings can serve as a baseline against which future research can assess the impact of changes to the health care system. |
### Instruction:
Does facial appearance reflect human familial longevity and cardiovascular disease risk in healthy individuals?
### Response:
| Facial appearance and skin wrinkling at a sun-protected site reflect the propensity to reach an extreme old age, and facial appearance reflects the risk of succumbing to CVD independently of chronological age, smoking, photodamage, and BMI. |
### Instruction:
Is dementia strongly associated with 90-day mortality in lobar cerebral amyloid angiopathy related intra-cerebral haemorrhage?
### Response:
| A history of dementia or cognitive impairment is more common in lobar CAA-related ICH and it is a medium-term mortality predictor in lobar ICH but not in deep non-lobar ICH. |
### Instruction:
Are patients with Lynch syndrome mismatch repair gene mutations at higher risk for not only upper tract urothelial cancer but also bladder cancer?
### Response:
| Eleven of 177 patients with MSH2 mutations (6.21%, p<0.001 compared with the Canadian population) were found to have BCa, compared with 3 of 129 patients with MLH1 mutations (2.32%, p>0.05). Of these 11 tumors, 81.8% lacked expression of MSH2 on IHC, compared with the matched sporadic cases, which all displayed normal expression of MSH2 and MLH1. The incidence of UTUC among MSH2 carriers was 3.95% (p<0.001), and all tumors were found to be deficient in MSH2 expression on IHC. Mutations in the intron 5 splice site and exon 7 of the MSH2 gene increased the risk of urothelial cancer. Limitations include possible inflated risk estimates due to ascertainment bias. |
### Instruction:
Does systematic evaluation of Axis-I DSM diagnose in delayed sleep phase disorder and evening-type circadian preference?
### Response:
| These results highlight the important link between circadian rhythms and mental disorders. Specifically, an evening circadian chronotype regardless of DSPD status is associated with a risk for anxiety, depressive or substance-use disorders. |
### Instruction:
Does high frequency electrical stimulation concurrently induce central sensitization and ipsilateral inhibitory pain modulation?
### Response:
| HFS conditioning induced signs of central sensitization in the forearm and analgesia both in the ipsilateral forehead and the HFS-treated site. This ipsilateral analgesia was not due to peripheral sensitization or other non-specific effects, as it failed to develop after UVB conditioning. Thus, the supra-spinal mechanisms that evoke central sensitization might also trigger a hemilateral inhibitory pain modulation process. This inhibitory process could sharpen the boundaries of central sensitization or limit its spread. |
### Instruction:
Does l-Arginine enhance glucose and lipid metabolism in rat L6 myotubes via the NO/ c-GMP pathway?
### Response:
| We provide evidence that Arg improves glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, in parallel with increased phosphorylation of Akt and AMPK-α. These effects were mediated by the NO/c-GMP pathway. Thus, arginine treatment enhances signal transduction and has a beneficial effect of metabolism in skeletal muscle through direct activation of Akt and AMPK pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does acute exposure to resveratrol inhibit AMPK activity in human skeletal muscle cells?
### Response:
| Acute exposure to RSV inhibits AMPK activity, fatty-acid oxidation and glucose metabolism in human myotubes. |
### Instruction:
Are cardiovascular diseases largely underreported in Danish centenarians?
### Response:
| self-reported information largely underestimates the CVD life-time prevalence in Danish centenarians. Objective clinical examinations are necessary to evaluate true disease prevalence in oldest old. |
### Instruction:
Does penehyclidine enhance the efficacy of tropisetron in prevention of PONV following gynecological laparoscopic surgery?
### Response:
| Penehyclidine showed less efficacy in preventing PONV than tropisetron; however, compared with tropisetron or penehyclidine monotherapy, prophylactic medication with tropisetron plus penehyclidine significantly reduced the incidence of vomiting and decreased the intensity of nausea in women undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does nicotine treatment improve Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 9 responsiveness in active pulmonary sarcoidosis?
### Response:
| Nicotine treatment in active pulmonary sarcoidosis was well tolerated and restored peripheral immune responsiveness to TLR2 and TLR9 agonists and expansion of FoxP3 1 Tregs, including a specific “preactivated” (CD25 2 ) phenotype. The immune phenotype of patients with symptomatic sarcoidosis treated with nicotine closely resembled that of asymptomatic patients, supporting the notion that nicotine treatment may be beneficial in this patient population. |
### Instruction:
Does citrus limonin lack the antichemotherapeutic effect in human models of breast cancer?
### Response:
| Both in vitro and in vivo results suggest that limonin could be beneficial for breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Is induction of interleukin-10 dependent on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in macrophages infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus?
### Response:
| PRRSV strain CH-1a could significantly up-regulate IL-10 production through p38 MAPK activation. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Aortic valve stenosis associated with reduced myocardial perfusion as assessed by videodensitometry in coronary angiograms ]?
### Response:
| Reduced Gmax/Tmax values indicative of myocardial perfusion abnormalities as measured by densitometry on coronary angiograms could be demonstrated in patients with aortic valve stenosis compared to controls. |
### Instruction:
Is atenolol associated with lower day-of-surgery heart rate compared to long- and short-acting metoprolol?
### Response:
| Atenolol is associated with a lower DOS heart rate versus metoprolol. The heart rate difference is specific to the day of surgery and is not explained by once-daily versus twice-daily dosing regimens. |
### Instruction:
Is parental attention to their child 's pain modulated by threat-value of pain?
### Response:
| These findings attest to the importance of pain-related threat in understanding parent attention to child pain. Theoretical and clinical implications and future research directions are discussed. |
### Instruction:
Does preinjury beta blocker usage affect the heart rate response to initial trauma resuscitation?
### Response:
| Preinjury beta blockade is associated with a slower presenting heart rate, more bradycardia, less tachycardia, but no difference in mortality or ability to achieve a normal heart rate with resuscitation. |
### Instruction:
Does serum leptin level have a positive correlation with BMI and creatinine clearance in CAPD patients?
### Response:
| To our knowledge, this is probably the first study to report that serum leptin level has a direct positive correlation with renal Cr Cl in CAPD patients. This may explain the increase in mortality in patients with lower serum leptin levels (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 25). |
### Instruction:
Does raman spectroscopy demonstrate Amifostine induced preservation of bone mineralization patterns in the irradiated murine mandible?
### Response:
| Our novel findings demonstrate that AMF prophylaxis maintains and protects bone mineral quality in the setting of radiation. Raman spectroscopy is an emerging and exceptionally attractive clinical translational technology to investigate and monitor both the destructive effects of radiation and the therapeutic remediation of AMF on the structural, physical and chemical qualities of bone. |
### Instruction:
Does interval training confer greater gains than continuous training in people with heart failure?
### Response:
| In adults with stable heart failure, AIT conferred greater gains than MCT in improving aerobic capacity and measures reflecting left ventricular and endothelial function. [Mean difference and 95% CIs calculated by the CAP Editor]. |
### Instruction:
Does towards biological characters of interactions between transcription factors and their DNA target in mammals?
### Response:
| Our work demonstrates that, to some extent, TFs and TFBSs have developed a coevolutionary relationship in order to keep their physical binding and maintain their regulatory functions. In summary, our work will help understand transcriptional regulation and interpret binding mechanism between proteins and DNAs. |
### Instruction:
Does patient education level affect functionality and long term mortality after major lower extremity amputation?
### Response:
| Patients with less education have increased long-term mortality after lower extremity amputation. |
### Instruction:
Does failure of delayed nonsynaptic neuronal plasticity underlie age-associated long-term associative memory impairment?
### Response:
| The results identify the CGCs as cellular loci of age-associated appetitive learning and memory impairment in Lymnaea and buttress the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation-dependent depression of intrinsic excitability is a hallmark of normal neuronal aging. The data implicate both lipid peroxidation-dependent non-synaptic as well as apparently lipid peroxidation-independent synaptic mechanisms in the age-dependent decline in behavioural plasticity in this model system. |
### Instruction:
Does osteopontin reduce biofilm formation in a multi-species model of dental biofilm?
### Response:
| OPN strongly reduces the amount of biofilm formed in a well-defined laboratory model of acidogenic dental biofilm. If a similar effect can be observed in vivo, OPN might serve as a valuable adjunct to mechanical tooth cleaning procedures. |
### Instruction:
Does maternal nutritional status predict adverse birth outcomes among HIV-infected rural Ugandan women receiving combination antiretroviral therapy?
### Response:
| In our cohort of HIV-infected women initiating cART during pregnancy, grossly inadequate GWG was common. Infants whose mothers gained <0.1 kg/week were at increased risk for LBW, preterm delivery, and composite adverse birth outcomes. cART by itself may not be sufficient for decreasing the burden of adverse birth outcomes among HIV-infected women. |
### Instruction:
Is liver fat content associated with increased carotid atherosclerosis in a Chinese middle-aged and elderly population : the Shanghai Changfeng study?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the LFC is independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis in the Chinese population, and that the risk of atherosclerosis is proportional to the degree of hepatic steatosis. |
### Instruction:
Do metabolic remodeling agents show beneficial effects in the dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse model?
### Response:
| The three treatments produced significant improvements in disease phenotype, including an increase in overall behavioral activity and significant gains in forelimb and hind limb strength. Our findings suggest that triggering mitochondrial activity with exercise mimetics improves muscle function in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. |
### Instruction:
Are common stressful life events and difficulties associated with mental health symptoms and substance use in young adolescents?
### Response:
| Young adolescents may benefit from learning positive coping skills to manage worry or stress about common stressors and in particular, worry or stress related to romantic breakups. Appropriate management of mental health symptoms and substance use related to common stressful life events and difficulties may help reduce emerging psychopathology. |
### Instruction:
Is p.R4810K , a polymorphism of RNF213 , the susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease , associated with blood pressure?
### Response:
| Our study suggests that p.R4810K of RNF213 is associated strongly with systolic BP. |
### Instruction:
Is hypoalbuminaemia an independent predictor for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in childhood Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis?
### Response:
| Hypoalbuminaemia is a unique characteristic and potentially a valuable predictor for HLH in paediatric EBV-associated IM. |
### Instruction:
Is achievement of client-centred goals by persons with acquired brain injury in comprehensive day treatment associated with improved functional outcomes?
### Response:
| The results demonstrate that achievement of individualized CDT graduation goals is associated with greater levels of vocational and residential independence following acquired brain injury. |
### Instruction:
Does sequence variation confound the measurement of plasma PfHRP2 concentration in African children presenting with severe malaria?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that sequence polymorphism is not a significant cause of variation in PFHRP2 concentration in plasma samples from African children. This justifies the further development of plasma PFHRP2 concentration as a method for assessing African children who may have severe falciparum malaria. The data also add to the existing evidence base supporting the use of rapid diagnostic tests based on PFHRP2 detection. |
### Instruction:
Are long-range inhibitory mechanisms in the visual system impaired in migraine sufferers?
### Response:
| Enhanced excitation of noise-activated neurons in migraineurs would produce stronger rebound activity and longer after-image durations, while weakened inhibitory mechanisms would diminish the rebound activity and shorten the after-image durations compared to control subjects. The results suggest that cortical inhibitory mechanisms might be impaired in migraineurs with and without aura. |
### Instruction:
Is creatinine clearance associated with toxicity from molecularly targeted agents in phase I trials?
### Response:
| Creatinine clearance (even when within normal limits) should be studied as a potential factor influencing late toxicities in the clinical trials of molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs. |
### Instruction:
Does apigenin inhibit NNK-induced focal adhesion kinase activation in pancreatic cancer cells?
### Response:
| Apigenin suppressed the effects of NNK on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and migration that are mediated through the β-AR and its downstream signals FAK and ERK activation. These findings suggest a therapeutic role for this natural phytochemical in attenuating the procarcinogenic effects of NNK on pancreatic cancer proliferation and migration. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic cannabinoid exposure reduce phencyclidine-induced schizophrenia-like positive symptoms in adult rats?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that cannabis may exert protective effects on positive schizotypic symptoms in adult animals such as hypermotility and anxiety state. |
### Instruction:
Are changes in novel biomarkers of disease activity in juvenile and adult dermatomyositis sensitive biomarkers of disease course?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that changes in type I IFN gene and chemokine scores as well as in levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα may serve as sensitive and responsive longitudinal biomarkers of change in disease activity in juvenile and adult DM, even in the presence of immunomodulating agents. |
### Instruction:
Does multiparametric MRI correlate of sensorimotor function in the spinal cord in multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| In a large, heterogeneous MS sample, quantitative SC-MRI indices demonstrated independent associations with system-specific and global clinical dysfunction. Our findings suggest that the indices studied may provide important information about microstructural SC changes and the substrates of limb disability in MS. The identified structure-function relationships underpin the potential utility of these measures in assessments of therapeutic efficacy. |
### Instruction:
Does aromatase gene polymorphism influence clinical phenotype and response to oral contraceptive pills in polycystic ovary syndrome women?
### Response:
| The differences between c-PCOS and ov-PCOS cannot be explained by the genetic variation at SNP50 in the CYP19 gene. |
### Instruction:
Is laminin-5 a biomarker of invasiveness in cervical adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| We conclude that Lam-5 is a useful biomarker in the evaluation of invasiveness in cervical adenocarcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Does hepatic vascular endothelial growth factor regulate recruitment of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cell progenitor cells?
### Response:
| BM SPC recruitment is a repair response to dimethylnitrosamine liver injury in rats. Hepatic VEGF regulates recruitment of BM SPCs to liver and reduces this form of liver injury. |
### Instruction:
Is impaired formation of vasodilators in peripheral tissue in essential hypertension normalized by exercise training : role of adenosine and prostacyclin?
### Response:
| The present data suggest that essential hypertension is associated with a reduced capacity to form adenosine and PGI2 at the skeletal muscle microcirculatory level, which is likely to contribute to the increased peripheral vascular resistance related to the disease. This impairment in vasodilator formation can be normalized by aerobic training. |
### Instruction:
Are low serum free triiodothyronine levels associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease in the euthyroid patients : an observational study?
### Response:
| FT3 levels within the normal range were inversely correlated with the presence and severity of CAD. Moreover, lower FT3 concentrations were correlated with the Gensini score and independently predicted the presence and severity of CAD. Thus, the FT3 levels may be used as the indicator of increased risk for CAD. |
### Instruction:
Does nanoparticle-mediated delivery of pioglitazone enhance therapeutic neovascularization in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia?
### Response:
| NP-mediated drug delivery is a novel modality that may enhance the effectiveness of therapeutic neovascularization, surpassing the effectiveness of current treatments for peripheral artery disease with critical limb ischemia. |
### Instruction:
Do adverse alterations in mitochondrial function contribute to type 2 diabetes mellitus-related endothelial dysfunction in humans?
### Response:
| Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a central role in the impairment of endothelial dysfunction in T2DM. |
### Instruction:
Does oNO-2506 inhibit spike-wave discharges in a genetic animal model without affecting traditional convulsive tests via gliotransmission regulation?
### Response:
| ONO-2506 did not affect traditional convulsive tests but markedly inhibited epileptic phenomena in the genetic epilepsy mouse model. ONO-2506 enhanced release of inhibitory neuro- and gliotransmitters during the resting stage and inhibited tripartite transmission during the hyperactive stage. The results suggest that ONO-2506 is a novel potential glial-targeting antiepileptic drug. |
### Instruction:
Is a better diet quality associated with a reduced likelihood of CKD in older adults?
### Response:
| Older adults with better diet quality had a reduced likelihood of having eGFR <60 mL min⁻¹·1.73 m⁻². Adherence to dietary guidelines were not prospectively associated with CKD incidence or progression. Further studies with adequate power are warranted to assess the longitudinal association between diet quality and CKD. |
### Instruction:
Does peripheral arterial disease predict overall and cardiovascular mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients?
### Response:
| PAD is very common in aged peritoneal dialysis patients and independently associated with both cardiovascular and overall mortality. |
### Instruction:
Is platelet glycoprotein IIb HPA-3 a/b polymorphism associated with native arteriovenous fistula thrombosis in chronic hemodialysis patients?
### Response:
| These findings suggest an association between AVF thrombosis and the HPA-3b allele, and it is likely that HPA-3 a/b polymorphisms could be useful markers for potential risk of native AVF thrombosis in HD patients. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic renal failure impact the expression of ghrelin and its receptor in hypothalamus and hippocampus?
### Response:
| CRF was found to impact the expression of ghrelin and GHSR in hypothalamus and hippocampus. This might be associated with the CRF-induced GI motility dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Does inflammation-based prognostic score predict survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving biweekly docetaxel and s-1 combination chemotherapy?
### Response:
| In the low GPS group, it may be possible to obtain favorable outcomes by chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer patients. However, a well-designed prospective trial in a large patient cohort is required to corroborate the prognostic value of the GPS. |
### Instruction:
Does bovine lactoferrin improve bone mass and microstructure in ovariectomized rats via OPG/RANKL/RANK pathway?
### Response:
| Oral administration of LF preserves the bone mass and improves the bone microarchitecture. LF enhances bone formation, reduces bone resorption, and decreases bone mass loss, possibly through the regulation of OPG/RANKL/RANK pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is a subset of human uterine endometrial macrophages alternatively activated?
### Response:
| A major population of human uterine macrophages is alternatively activated. These cells secrete factors in response to LPS that are involved in the activation of immune responses and tissue homeostasis. |
### Instruction:
Do impacts of infancy rapid weight gain on 5-year childhood overweight development vary by age and sex in China?
### Response:
| Overweight risk develops during the first 3 months of life. Boys have an earlier peak in growth than girls, which may help explain why overweight is more prevalent in boys in China. |
### Instruction:
Does monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCR2 axis promotes vein graft neointimal hyperplasia through its signaling in graft-extrinsic cell populations?
### Response:
| MCP-1/CCR2 axis accelerates NIH via its signaling in graft-extrinsic cells, particularly circulating inflammatory cells, with cells both intrinsic and extrinsic to the graft wall being critical MCP-1 producers. These findings underscore the importance of systemic treatment for anti-MCP-1/CCR2 therapies. |
### Instruction:
Does elevated CETP activity improve plasma cholesterol efflux capacity from human macrophages in women?
### Response:
| CETP leading to the improvement of plasma efflux capacity, as a result of efficient pre-β-high-density lipoprotein formation and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 efflux, should be preserved to prevent lipid accumulation in human macrophages. |
### Instruction:
Does a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15 contribute to atherosclerosis by mediating endothelial barrier dysfunction via Src family kinase activity?
### Response:
| These results suggest that endothelial cell-derived ADAM15, signaling through c-Src and c-Yes, contributes to atherosclerotic lesion development by disrupting adherens junction integrity and promoting monocyte transmigration. |
### Instruction:
Does endogenous renovascular hypertension combined with low shear stress induce plaque rupture in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?
### Response:
| We demonstrate a murine model of spontaneous plaque rupture with a high incidence of luminal thrombus. The model not only nicely recapitulates the pathophysiological processes of human plaque rupture but it is also simple, fast, and highly efficient to generate. |
### Instruction:
Is injury risk different in team and individual youth sport?
### Response:
| Team sports participation entailed a higher injury risk, whatever the injury category. Further research should elucidate the role of characteristics related to sport participation in injury causation. |
### Instruction:
Does health-related quality of life differ between short-term , long-term and very long-term cancer survivors in the Swedish general population?
### Response:
| Although HRQL was similar between short-term, long-term and very long-term survivors, when compared with the background population, findings suggest that some functional impairments and symptoms are present even at 5-10 YSD. |
### Instruction:
Is the expression of estrogen receptors as well as GREB1 , c-MYC , and cyclin D1 , estrogen-regulated genes implicated in proliferation , increased in peritoneal endometriosis?
### Response:
| This constitutes the first report of increased expression of GREB1, as well as cyclin D1 and c-myc, in peritoneal endometriotic lesions, implicating these proteins in estrogen-dependent growth in this context. |
### Instruction:
Do single mutations in the transmembrane envelope protein abrogate the immunosuppressive property of HIV-1?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that the isu domain of gp41 modulates cytokine expression in vitro and suppresses antibody response in vivo and therefore may contribute to the virus induced immunodeficiency. |
### Instruction:
Do clinical and molecular effects on mature burn scars after treatment with a fractional CO ( 2 ) laser?
### Response:
| Our study indicated that fractional CO(2) resulted in clinical improvement of mature burn scar. Alteration of types I and III procollagen, MMP-1, TGF-β2, -β3, bFGF, as well as miRNAs miR-18a and miR-19a expression may be responsible for the clinical improvement after treatment. Our finding may have implications for novel treatments and further our understanding of fractional CO(2) laser treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does uV-C-irradiation sublethal stress alter antibiotic susceptibility of the viridans group streptococci to β-lactam , macrolide , and fluoroquinolone antibiotic agents?
### Response:
| Exposure to UV-C light will not result in altered antibiotic susceptibility patterns on viridans group streptococci. Given that UV-C is more toxic and mutagenic than UV-A light, it is unlikely than UV-A light would yield any difference in response to such exposure. |
### Instruction:
Does prevalence of invalid computerized baseline neurocognitive test result in high school and collegiate athletes?
### Response:
| The online ImPACT version appeared to yield fewer invalid baseline results than did the desktop version. Identification of L-R confusion reduces the prevalence of invalid baselines (desktop only) and the potency of Impulse Control as a validity indicator. We advise test administrators to be vigilant in identifying invalid baseline results as part of routine concussion management and prevention programs. |
### Instruction:
Is downregulation of microRNA-124 an independent prognostic factor in patients with colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| MiR-124 may play a certain role in the development of colorectal cancer. The downregulation expression of miR-124 is an independent prognostic factor in patients with colorectal cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does expression of Eps8 correlate with poor survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Eps8 is frequently expressed in OSCC. The aberrant expression of Eps8 closely correlated with poor survival in patients with OSCC. |
### Instruction:
Is folylpoly-glutamate synthetase expression associated with tumor response and outcome from pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in malignant pleural mesothelioma?
### Response:
| FPGS and TS expressions were associated with clinical response and outcome to pemetrexed-based first-line chemotherapy in MPM. Prospective evaluation of FPGS and TS expressions and their prognostic/predictive power in MPM patients is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Do systemic interleukin-6 levels reflect illness course and prognosis of patients with spontaneous nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?
### Response:
| Higher IL-6 levels in patients with non-pmSAH supports the common observation of more complicated illness course with higher incidence of CVS compared to patients with pmSAH. |
### Instruction:
Do myocardial and circulating levels of microRNA-21 reflect left ventricular fibrosis in aortic stenosis patients?
### Response:
| Our results support the role of miR-21 as a regulator of the fibrotic process that occurs in response to pressure overload in AS patients and underscore the value of circulating miR-21 as a biomarker for myocardial fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Does dose sparing intradermal trivalent influenza ( 2010/2011 ) vaccination overcome reduced immunogenicity of the 2009 H1N1 strain?
### Response:
| Dose-sparing ID TIV can overcome reduced immunogenicity of the H1N1 strain, and according to some measures, for the H3N2 strain. At risk subjects indicated for the TIV should be considered for intradermal immunization to compensate for reduced immunogenicity. |
### Instruction:
Do extracellular polysaccharides produced by Ganoderma formosanum stimulate macrophage activation via multiple pattern-recognition receptors?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that the extracellular polysaccharides produced by G. formosanum stimulate macrophages via the engagement of multiple pattern-recognition receptors including Dectin-1, CR3 and TLR4, resulting in the activation of Syk, JNK, p38, ERK, and NK-κB and the production of TNF-α. |
### Instruction:
Are for patients with breast cancer , geographic and social disparities independent determinants of access to specialized surgeons . A eleven-year population-based multilevel analysis?
### Response:
| A disadvantageous socio-economic environment, a rural lifestyle and living far from large specialized treatment centres were significant independent predictors of not gaining access to surgeons specialized in breast cancer. Not being treated by a specialist surgeon implies a less favourable outcome in terms of survival. |
### Instruction:
Are the major royal jelly proteins 8 and 9 ( Api m 11 ) glycosylated components of Apis mellifera venom with allergenic potential beyond carbohydrate-based reactivity?
### Response:
| The glycosylated MRJP8 and MRJP9 of HBV have IgE-sensitizing potential in HBV-allergic patients beyond CCD reactivity and have to be considered as allergens, which might be potentially important for a fraction of venom allergic patients. They are valuable tools to elucidate individual component-resolved reactivity profiles of venom allergic patients and to provide insights into the role of particular venom components. Due to their allergenic properties, MRJP8 and MRJP9 were designated as isoallergens Api m 11.0101 and Api m 11.0201 respectively. |
### Instruction:
Does iL-17 eliminate therapeutic effects of oral tolerance in murine airway allergic inflammation?
### Response:
| These data suggest that IL-17 may inhibit the induction of tolerance to antigen through, at least in part augmenting IL-6 production, thereby suppressing the expansion of Treg cells. |
### Instruction:
Are aBCB1 polymorphisms associated with cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity and gingival hyperplasia in renal transplant recipients?
### Response:
| ABCB1 polymorphisms may be helpful in predicting certain CsA-related side effects in renal transplant recipients. Our results also suggest that the mechanisms underlying these genetic associations are most likely independent of the drug's trough blood concentrations. |
### Instruction:
Do deep inspiration breath hold technique reduces heart dose from radiotherapy for left-sided breast cancer?
### Response:
| DIBH resulted in a significant reduction in radiation dose to the heart and LAD compared with an FB technique for ALBR. Ongoing research is required to determine optimal cardiac dose constraints and methods of predicting which patients will derive the most benefit from a DIBH technique. |
### Instruction:
Does the severity of urinary incontinence decrease health-related quality of life among community-dwelling elderly?
### Response:
| UI severity is associated with lower QoL scores in both its components. This association appears to be more important as severity increases. UI severity must be evaluated thoroughly in the elderly because of its potential adverse effects on physical and mental health. |
### Instruction:
Is promotion of liver regeneration by natural killer cells in a murine model dependent on extracellular adenosine triphosphate phosphohydrolysis?
### Response:
| We propose that hepatic NK cells are activated and cytotoxic post-PH and support hepatocellular proliferation. NK cell cytotoxicity is, however, attenuated by hepatic release of extracellular ATP by way of the activation of specific P2 receptors. Clearance of extracellular ATP elevates NK cell cytotoxicity and boosts liver regeneration. |
### Instruction:
Is homoharringtonine an effective therapy for patients with polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia who have failed or were intolerant to hydroxycarbamide or interferon-α therapy?
### Response:
| Low-dose HHT alone has considerable short-term efficacy for high-risk PV/ET and may used as a second-line drug for PV/ET treatment in patients who have failed or were intolerant to hydroxycarbamide or interferon-α therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does transcriptome-based exon capture enable highly cost-effective comparative genomic data collection at moderate evolutionary scales?
### Response:
| Our study demonstrates the potential of a transcriptome-enabled, multiplexed, exon capture method to create thousands of informative markers for population genomic and phylogenetic studies in non-model species across the tree of life. |
### Instruction:
Is a dose-escalation regimen of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole tolerable for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in rheumatic diseases?
### Response:
| In rheumatic diseases, a dose-escalation regimen of TMP/SMX resulted in a higher retention rate and was safer than the routine regimen. |
### Instruction:
Is 17β Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 12 ( HSD17B12 ) a marker of poor prognosis in ovarian carcinoma?
### Response:
| HSD17B12 overexpression is shown to be a marker of poor survival in patients with OvCa. Expression in the tumor and function of this enzyme facilitates OvCa progression. |
### Instruction:
Does acute severe exercise facilitate neutrophil extracellular trap formation in sedentary but not active subjects?
### Response:
| ASE in sedentary but not active subjects facilitated NET formation via elevating the NADPH oxidase-generated ROS and suppressing the ΔΨm. |
### Instruction:
Does a replication study of a GWAS finding in migraine identify association in a Spanish case-control sample?
### Response:
| No association was found between the assayed SNP and any of the clinical groups considered. |
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