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### Instruction:
Are effects and adverse events after CXL for keratoconus independent of age : a 1-year follow-up study?
### Response:
| Effects and adverse events of CXL treatment do not seem to differ between subjects younger or older than 35 years. |
### Instruction:
Does activation of invariant natural killer T cells impede liver regeneration by way of both IFN-γ- and IL-4-dependent mechanisms?
### Response:
| iNKT cells play a minor role in controlling liver regeneration after PHx under healthy conditions. Activation of iNKT cells by α-GalCer induces the production of IFN-γ, which directly inhibits liver regeneration, and IL-4, which indirectly attenuates liver regeneration by stimulating iNKT cell expansion and IFN-γ produ... |
### Instruction:
Does duration of storage influence pregnancy outcome in cryopreserved human embryos?
### Response:
| Our results showed that duration of storage had no negative effects on implantation of cryopreserved embryos. In our literature review we found a little article In this context. However our study showed duration of freezing don't have any negative effects on implantation and pregnancy outcome, but more studies are need... |
### Instruction:
Does cell therapy in reperfused acute myocardial infarction improve the recovery of perfusion in the infarcted myocardium : a cardiac MR imaging study?
### Response:
| After revascularization of ST-elevation MI, cell therapy does not augment the recovery of resting perfusion in either the MI core or border zone. |
### Instruction:
Do late outcomes of a randomized trial of high-frequency oscillation in neonates?
### Response:
| In a randomized trial involving children who had been born extremely prematurely, those who had undergone HFOV, as compared with those who had received conventional ventilation, had superior lung function at 11 to 14 years of age, with no evidence of poorer functional outcomes. (Funded by the National Institute for Hea... |
### Instruction:
Does increased platelet concentration improve functional graft healing in bio-enhanced ACL reconstruction?
### Response:
| Only the 1× platelet concentration improved healing over traditional ACL reconstruction. Increasing the platelet concentration from 1× to 5× in the ECM scaffold did not further improve the graft mechanical properties. The use of an ECM-platelet composite decreased the amount of cartilage damage seen after ACL surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does prefrontal gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor insertion control cue-induced relapse to nicotine seeking?
### Response:
| These data indicate that cue-induced relapse entails a GABAergic plasticity mechanism that limits nicotine seeking by restoring inhibitory control in the dorsal mPFC. GABAA receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the dorsal mPFC constitutes a possible future therapeutic target for maintaining smoking abstinence. |
### Instruction:
Are thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor ( TAFI ) levels and its polymorphism rs3742264 associated with dyslipidemia in a cohort of Brazilian subjects?
### Response:
| The results suggest that TAFI levels are independently associated to dyslipidemia and that the polymorphism rs3742264 may be related to cardiovascular risk in male subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does remodeling of white adipose tissue metabolism by physical training prevent insulin resistance?
### Response:
| The prevention of IR by PT is mediated by adaptations in WAT metabolism by improving lipolysis, preventing an increase in enzymes responsible for fatty acid esterification and by activating enzymes that improve fat oxidation instead of fat storage. |
### Instruction:
Does gallic acid selectively induce the necrosis of activated hepatic stellate cells via a calcium-dependent calpain I activation pathway?
### Response:
| These results provide evidence for the first time that GA causes selective HSC death through a Ca(2+)/calpain I-mediated necrosis cascade, suggesting that GA may represent a potential therapeutic agent to combat liver fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Is the erythropoietin receptor required for the development , function , and aging of rods and cells in the retinal periphery?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that expression of EPOR in rod photoreceptors, Müller cells, and amacrine, horizontal, and ganglion cells of the peripheral retina is not required for the maturation, function, and survival of these cells in aging tissue. Based on the expression of the EPOR-signaling target genes, we postulate that exp... |
### Instruction:
Do multiple A2E treatments lead to melanization of rod outer segment-challenged ARPE-19 cells?
### Response:
| We used a modified ARPE-19 cell model in which melanization was elicited as a response to chronic accumulation of A2E. We found that although A2E treatment led, as has been previously reported, to modest lysosomal alkalinization and lysosomal impairment of ARPE-19 cells, a potential homeostatic mechanism may involve pr... |
### Instruction:
Is microparticle profile and procoagulant activity of fresh-frozen plasma affected by whole blood leukoreduction rather than 24-hour room temperature hold?
### Response:
| LR of WB resulted in lower hemostatic potential of FFP in conjunction with depletion of MPs and coagulation factors. Longer WB hold time did not significantly affect the hemostatic potential of FFP as measured by TEG. Acceptable hemostatic quality was maintained for all FFP processing conditions studied. |
### Instruction:
Is altered glucose metabolism rather than naive type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) related to vitamin D status in severe obesity?
### Response:
| Given the inherent effect of obesity on vitamin D and glucose homeostasis, current data suggest a potential independent role for vitamin D in the regulation of glucose metabolism in a setting of obese patients previously unknown to harbour glucose metabolism abnormalities. |
### Instruction:
Does an ethanol extract of Origanum vulgare attenuate cyclophosphamide-induced pulmonary injury and oxidative lung damage in mice?
### Response:
| Our results revealed that O. vulgare protects lung tissues from CP-induced pulmonary damage and suggest a role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of lung disease produced by CP. Because O. vulgare has been extensively used as an additive agent and is regarded as safe, it may be used concomitantly as a supplement ... |
### Instruction:
Is preservation of ipsilateral submandibular gland ill advised in cancer of the floor of the mouth or tongue?
### Response:
| Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity or oropharyngeal region will benefit from preservation of the ipsilateral SMG. This is not true for patients with SCC of the surrounding tissue nearest the SMG (i.e., floor of the mouth or the tongue). In such patients, the SMG must be excised. |
### Instruction:
Do predictors of the overlap syndrome and its association with comorbidities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
### Response:
| Almost 20% of COPD patients also have OSA. BMI and smoking history seem to be predictors of the overlap syndrome, and these patients may be more often affected by hypertension and diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Is progesterone elevation on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration the only factor determining outcomes of in vitro fertilization?
### Response:
| Progesterone concentration on the day of hCG administration is not the only factor determining the clinical pregnancy and live-birth rates. Fresh embryos from women should be frozen with extremely high progesterone concentrations. Each patient's general condition and the capacity for frozen-thawed embryo transfer shoul... |
### Instruction:
Are haplotypes of P2RX7 gene polymorphisms associated with both cold pain sensitivity and analgesic effect of fentanyl?
### Response:
| Cold pain sensitivity and analgesic effects of fentanyl were related to the SNP and haplotypes of the P2RX7 gene. The patients with the rs1718125 G>A SNP tended to show higher VAS24 scores. Moreover, the combination of polymorphisms from the 5'-flanking region to exon 5 recessively affected cold pain sensitivity and an... |
### Instruction:
Does hypothermia slow sequential and parallel steps initiated during caerulein pancreatitis?
### Response:
| Hypothermia synergistically and simultaneously slows parallel and distinct signaling steps initiated by caerulein, thereby reducing TGA, upregulation of inflammatory mediators and acinar injury. |
### Instruction:
Is surgery associated with improved survival for adrenocortical cancer , even in metastatic disease?
### Response:
| In ACC, surgery is associated with improved survival, even in metastatic disease. Surgery should be considered for select patients as part of multimodality treatment. |
### Instruction:
Do anti-inflammatory peptides from cardiac progenitors ameliorate dysfunction after myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Soluble JAM-A secreted from cardiac progenitor cells reduces infiltration of neutrophils after myocardial infarction and ameliorates tissue damage through prevention of excess inflammation. Our finding may lead to a new therapy for cardiovascular disease by using the anti-inflammatory effect of JAM-A. |
### Instruction:
Is pancreaticojejunostomy with double-layer continuous suturing associated with a lower risk of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy : a comparative study?
### Response:
| The double-layer continuous suturing after PD is safe, reliable, rapid, favorable and associated with a lower risk of pancreatic fistula than the double layer interrupted suture. |
### Instruction:
Is serum concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid associated with cognitive function in patients with coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| Serum EPA concentration is associated with cognitive function in patients with CAD, suggesting that a low serum EPA level is a risk factor for cognitive impairment independent of cardiac function, including left ventricular ejection fraction. This correlation potentially lends further support to a role of dietary n-3 P... |
### Instruction:
Does wintertime surgery increase the risk of conversion to hip arthroplasty after internal fixation of femoral neck fracture?
### Response:
| Our study demonstrate that wintertime primary osteosynthesis increases the risk of conversion surgeries. The results may help improving the outcome of primary fixation of femoral neck fractures. |
### Instruction:
Does rofecoxib inhibit retinal neovascularization via down regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression?
### Response:
| COX-2 and VEGF expressions were both involved in the regulation of angiogenesis and had the same cellular localization. Expression of COX-2 correlated positively with VEGF in retinal neovascularization. Rofecoxib attenuated retinal angiogenesis by inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and VEGF mRNA and protein. |
### Instruction:
Is adjuvant chemotherapy possibly beneficial for locally advanced or node-positive bladder cancer?
### Response:
| Our observations suggest that postoperative cisplatin-based AC improves survival in locally advanced or node-positive bladder cancer, especially in node-positive cases. |
### Instruction:
Are regulatory T cells as well as IL-10 reduced in the skin of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis?
### Response:
| Our findings suggested that a reduction of Tregs may play a major role in the skin, leading to a defective suppressive function and thus to the development of the lesions. By contrast, no differences could be detected about Tregs between patients with DH and patients with CD in the duodenum, suggesting that the mechani... |
### Instruction:
Do adverse epigenetic signatures by histone methyltransferase Set7 contribute to vascular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?
### Response:
| Set7-induced epigenetic changes contribute to vascular dysfunction in patients with T2DM. Targeting this chromatin-modifying enzyme may represent a novel therapeutic approach to prevent atherosclerotic vascular disease in this setting. |
### Instruction:
Do children with behavioral problems and motor problems have a worse neurological condition than children with behavioral problems only?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrated that various forms of behavioral problems were associated with motor problems. Especially children with motor and behavioral problems showed MND. |
### Instruction:
Is increased rate of parental postpartum depression and traumatization in moderate and late preterm infants independent of the infant 's motor repertoire?
### Response:
| Moderate to late preterm infants' parents are at increased risk for PPD irrespective of infants' motor repertoire or illness severity. |
### Instruction:
Does focal cortical dysplasia alter electrophysiological cortical hubs in the resting-state?
### Response:
| Cortical dysplasia alters whole brain functional cortical hubs compared to healthy controls. The age at seizure onset was negatively correlated with Enodal in the beta band in FCD patients. |
### Instruction:
Does comprehensive geriatric assessment predict mortality and adverse outcomes in hospitalized older adults?
### Response:
| CGA identified patients at higher risk of in-hospital death and adverse outcomes, of which those with functional dependence, malnutrition and poor social support were foremost. |
### Instruction:
Is lower morning to evening cortisol ratio associated with cognitive impairment in men but not women : An analysis of 733 older subjects of the cross-sectional KORA-Age study?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that dysregulated HPA axis reactivity, evidenced by blunted diurnal cortisol responses, are associated with impaired cognitive function in an aged population. |
### Instruction:
Is serum sclerostin an independent predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients?
### Response:
| Serum Scl is an independent predictor of mortality in dialysis patients. However, whether clinical interventions to modulate Scl would be able to improve these patients survival needs to be determined. |
### Instruction:
Is vitamin D deficiency associated with community-acquired clostridium difficile infection : a case-control study?
### Response:
| Low serum 25(OH)D < 15 ng/mL was associated with increased risk of CA-CDI. This suggests vitamin D may have a role in determining susceptibility to CA-CDI. |
### Instruction:
Do pro-inflammatory cytokines correlate with classical risk factors for atherosclerosis in the admixed Brazilian older women?
### Response:
| Interpretation to the results account to a possible dysregulation of the PPAR signaling pathway to explain the association of IL12 and VLDL-c, and to IL8-driven mechanisms to promote dysglycemia. No previous report sought to investigate the relationship between this set of inflammatory markers and classic risk factors ... |
### Instruction:
Are acute respiratory failure and active bleeding the important fatality predictive factors for severe dengue viral infection?
### Response:
| Severe DVI patients who have ARF and active bleeding are at a high risk of death, while patients without these things together should survive. |
### Instruction:
Do calcitonin gene-related peptide neurons mediate sleep-specific circadian output in Drosophila?
### Response:
| We identified a novel signaling molecule (DH31) as part of a neuropeptide relay mechanism for circadian control of sleep. Our results indicate that outputs of the clock controlling sleep and locomotor rhythms are mediated via distinct neuronal pathways. |
### Instruction:
Is persistent blood stream infection in patients supported with a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular accidents?
### Response:
| Persistent BSI is not uncommon in patients supported by CF-LVAD and is highly associated with all-cause CVA and increased all-cause mortality. |
### Instruction:
Does pepsin deteriorate prognosis of children with otitis media with effusion who undergo myringotomy or tympanostomy tube insertion?
### Response:
| Pepsin but not pepsinogen could postpone tympanic membrane healing and pressure restoration in children with OME undergoing myringotomy and increase the incidence of recurrence and complications including otorrhea and myringosclerosis for those undergoing tympanostomy tube insertion. Therefore, pepsin could be consider... |
### Instruction:
Is effort-reward imbalance associated with the metabolic syndrome - findings from the Mannheim Industrial Cohort Study ( MICS )?
### Response:
| ERI is associated with increased occurrence of MetS, in particular among younger men. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine the temporal relation of these associations. |
### Instruction:
Is gestational weight gain an important risk factor for excessive fetal growth?
### Response:
| GWG ≥15 kg might be a more important risk factor for LGA than either prepregnancy BMI ≥23 or GDM. Risk for LGA was highest in obese GDM women with GWG ≥15 kg. |
### Instruction:
Is hyperinsulinemia associated with the loss of appendicular skeletal muscle mass at 4.6 year follow-up in older men and women?
### Response:
| Hyperinsulinemia as an early marker of insulin resistance was associated with the loss of ASM in a cohort study of community-dwelling older men and women subjects without other chronic health conditions. The use of fasting insulin levels >8.4 μU/mL may help clinicians identify individuals in the geriatric population wh... |
### Instruction:
Do 2014 update of recommendations on the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis?
### Response:
| These recommendations are intended to clarify the pharmacological management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. |
### Instruction:
Is constipation associated with colonic diverticula : a multicenter study in Japan?
### Response:
| The wide-spread hypothesis that constipation was associated with colonic diverticula was not supported. Rather, we found that the absence of diverticula was associated with constipation, suggesting the need to reassess the etiology of colonic diverticula. |
### Instruction:
Is hPV16 DNA status a strong prognosticator of loco-regional control after postoperative radiochemotherapy of locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma : results from a multicentre explorative study of the German Cancer Consortium Radiation Oncology Group ( DKTK-ROG )?
### Response:
| HPV16 DNA status appears to be a strong prognosticator of loco-regional tumour control after postoperative cisplatin-based radiochemotherapy of locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma and is now being explored in a prospective validation trial. |
### Instruction:
Does curcumin ameliorate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of podocytes in vivo and in vitro via regulating caveolin-1?
### Response:
| In summary, these findings suggest that curcumin prevents EMT of podocytes, proteinuria, and kidney injury in DN by suppressing the phosphorylation of cav-1, and increasing stabilization of cav-1 and β-catenin. |
### Instruction:
Does mangiferin attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammation and inducing adenosine production?
### Response:
| Mangiferin appears to attenuate renal IRI by inhibiting proinflammatory responses and tubular apoptosis and by increasing adenosine production. These effects are associated with the adenosine-CD73 signaling pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does tMS over the right precuneus reduce the bilateral field advantage in visual short term memory capacity?
### Response:
| This finding indicates that the right precuneus plays a causal role in VSTM capacity, particularly in bilateral visual displays. |
### Instruction:
Does false-positive fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography result after chemotherapy in patients with metastatic seminoma?
### Response:
| In patients with metastatic seminoma who received chemotherapy, FDG-PET is a valuable tool to evaluate whether the residual mass contains viable tumor tissue or only necrosis. Nevertheless, because of FP results, a subgroup is overtreated with consecutive mortality or morbidity. We suggest an alternative therapy algori... |
### Instruction:
Does eGFR inhibitor Gefitinib attenuate posterior capsule opacification in vitro and in the ex vivo human capsular bag model?
### Response:
| The specific EGFR inhibitor Gefitinib might become of clinical relevance in PCO prophylaxis as it attenuated cellular growth and other pathological PCO factors in the ex vivo human capsular bag model and in two human lens epithelial cell lines, while showing good biocompatibility in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Does delivery of a urology online course using Moodle versus didactic lecture methods?
### Response:
| The Moodle platform is feasible and effective, enthusing medical students to learn, improving immersion in the urology clinical rotation and encouraging the spontaneous peer assisted learning. Future studies should expand objective evaluations of knowledge acquisition and retention. |
### Instruction:
Is fragmentation of human cleavage-stage embryos related to the progression through meiotic and mitotic cell cycles?
### Response:
| The observed associations suggest that the process of fragmentation of in vitro-derived embryos was related to the progress of the meiotic and the mitotic cell cycles. |
### Instruction:
Are combined effects of prenatal medication use and delivery type associated with eczema at age 2 years?
### Response:
| Children born vaginally had lower risk of eczema and sensitization compared with those born via c-section; however, the protective association with eczema may be slightly weakened when mothers took systemic antibiotics or vaginally applied medications during pregnancy. |
### Instruction:
Does hyperreactivity of junctional adhesion molecule A-deficient platelets accelerate atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice?
### Response:
| Deletion of JAM-A causes a gain-of-function in platelets, with lower activation thresholds and increased inflammatory activities. This leads to an increase of plaque formation, particularly in early stages of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does diabetes self-management education improve quality of care and clinical outcomes determined by a diabetes bundle measure?
### Response:
| Standardized DSME taught within an IH American Diabetes Association center is strongly associated with a substantial improvement in patients meeting all five elements of a diabetes bundle and a decline in HbA1c beyond usual care. Given the low operating cost of the DSME program, these results strongly support the value... |
### Instruction:
Does high HER2 expression correlate with response to the combination of lapatinib and trastuzumab?
### Response:
| Increasing HER2 protein expression correlated with increased benefit of adding lapatinib to trastuzumab. HER2 expression is a stronger predictor of pCR and PFS than p95HER2 for response to lapatinib, trastuzumab and, more significantly, L+T. |
### Instruction:
Does the addition of medium-chain triglycerides to a purified fish oil-based diet alter inflammatory profiles in mice?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the addition of MCT to PFO formulations may decrease the host response to inflammatory challenge, which may pose potential for optimized PN formulations. Inclusion of MCT in lipid emulsions given with PN formulations may be of use in therapeutic interventions for disease states resulting from... |
### Instruction:
Is lateral approach in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy safe and potentially beneficial compared to the traditional medial approach?
### Response:
| LLDP is a feasible and safe approach for distal lesions of the pancreatic tail, associated with shorter operative time and decreased blood loss compared to traditional MLDP. Potential of decreased conversion rate and length of stay exists. These hypotheses need to be confirmed in larger prospective studies. |
### Instruction:
Is loss of PBRM1 and BAP1 expression less common in non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma than in clear cell renal cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that biallelic inactivation of PBRM1 or BAP1 is less common in non-ccRCC when compared with ccRCC tumors. These findings suggest that loss of PBRM1 or BAP1 are key events in ccRCC, whereas other pathways may support tumorigenesis in non-ccRCC subtypes. |
### Instruction:
Does dPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin ameliorate cardiovascular injury in salt-sensitive hypertensive rats independently of blood glucose and blood pressure?
### Response:
| Our results provided the experimental evidence that linagliptin treatment initiated after the appearance of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy protected against cardiovascular injury induced by salt-sensitive hypertension, independently of blood pressure and blood glucose. These beneficial effects of linagliptin seem... |
### Instruction:
Is cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase II necessary for macrophage M1 polarization and phagocytosis via toll-like receptor 2?
### Response:
| Gout-susceptible gene cGKII is necessary for macrophage M1 polarization. cGKII regulates M1 phagocytosis function via TLR2. Monosodium urate treatments increase cGKII expression and related function. This study reveals the role of cGKII in enhancing gouty inflammatory responses. |
### Instruction:
Is contrasting submergence tolerance in two species of stem-succulent halophytes determined by differences in stem internal oxygen dynamics?
### Response:
| The higher submergence tolerance of T. medusa was not associated with better internal aeration of stems. Rather, this species has poor internal aeration of the succulent stems due to its less permeable epidermis; the low epidermal permeability might be related to resistance to swelling of succulent stem tissues when su... |
### Instruction:
Does osteoglycin deficiency affect atherosclerosis in mice?
### Response:
| The lack of the proteoglycan OGN does not affect the progression of atherosclerosis in mice. Possible causes for the absence of phenotype in the Apoe/Ogn double mutants are discussed. |
### Instruction:
Does surgical Apgar Score predict an increased risk of major complications and death after renal mass excision?
### Response:
| The Surgical Apgar Score is an easily collected metric that can identify patients at higher risk for major complications and death after renal mass excision. A prospective trial to help further delineate the optimal use of this tool in an adjusted perioperative management approach with patients undergoing renal mass ex... |
### Instruction:
Do severe maternal morbidity and near miss due to postpartum hemorrhage in a national multicenter surveillance study?
### Response:
| PPH frequently leads to severe maternal morbidity. A surveillance system can identify the main causes of morbidity and could help to improve care, especially among women identified as being at high risk of PPH. |
### Instruction:
Is natural and vaccine-mediated immunity to Salmonella Typhimurium impaired by the helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis?
### Response:
| These findings demonstrate that co-infection can radically alter the development of protective immunity during natural infection and in response to immunization. |
### Instruction:
Does serum metabolomic profiling in acute alcoholic hepatitis identify multiple dysregulated pathways?
### Response:
| Severe AAH is characterized by a distinct metabolic phenotype spanning multiple pathways. Metabolomics profiling revealed a panel of biomarkers for disease prognosis, and future studies are planned to validate these findings in larger cohorts of patients with severe AAH. |
### Instruction:
Does apocynin decrease AGEs-induced stimulation of NF-κB protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells from GK rats?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that apocynin decreases the incidence of alterations in VSMCs induced by AGEs through the reduction of NF-κB and may represent an attractive therapeutic approach to treat diabetes mellitus. |
### Instruction:
Is facial skin pigmentation related to stratum corneum cohesion , basal transepidermal water loss , barrier integrity and barrier repair?
### Response:
| There was no relationship between ITA° values and basal TEWL, SC integrity, SC cohesion and barrier recovery, but ITA° was correlated with skin hydration. Skin surface pH, irrespective of ITA° values, correlated with SC cohesion, indicating a greater intracorneal cohesion at lower pH values. Thus, pigmentation has no e... |
### Instruction:
Is cigarette smoking associated with dose-dependent adverse effects on paraoxonase activity and fibrinogen in young women?
### Response:
| Cigarette smoking is associated with a dose-dependent adverse effect on PON-1 activity and fibrinogen in young women, which may have implications for future cardiovascular risk. |
### Instruction:
Does intraoperative chest tube removal following thoracoscopic lung biopsy result in improved outcomes?
### Response:
| These data suggest that intraoperative chest tube removal is safe and may be associated with improved outcomes following lung biopsy in children. |
### Instruction:
Does nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis awaiting liver transplants?
### Response:
| Patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis who received transplants frequently also had nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. MRFs, particularly overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, significantly increase the risk of HCC. |
### Instruction:
Is portal vein thrombosis associated with increased mortality among patients with cirrhosis?
### Response:
| Among patients with cirrhosis on liver transplant waiting lists, patients with PVT have lower mortality than patients without PVT. |
### Instruction:
Is migration and invasion of oral squamous carcinoma cells promoted by WNT5A , a regulator of cancer progression?
### Response:
| These novel data clearly show that WNT5A activates the non-canonical WNT/Ca²⁺ /PKC pathway and increases migration and invasion of OSCC cells. This may indicate how an increased WNT5A expression in the tumor tissue is likely to promote progression of OSCC. |
### Instruction:
Does low-intensity atrial ganglionated plexi stimulation decrease the serum level of inflammatory factors in canine?
### Response:
| These results suggest that GP stimulation exerts an anti-inflammatory role and might be a therapeutic option for inflammatory heart diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is sIN1 , a critical component of the mTOR-Rictor complex , overexpressed and associated with AKT activation in medullary and aggressive papillary thyroid carcinomas?
### Response:
| Sin1, a critical factor of the mTORC2 complex is overexpressed in clinically aggressive thyroid cancer types and is associated strongly with activation of AKT kinase. Sin1-dependent AKT activation might represent a target for experimental therapy. |
### Instruction:
Are postconcussion symptoms associated with cerebral cortical thickness in healthy collegiate and preparatory school ice hockey players?
### Response:
| We have identified an association between brain structure and postconcussive symptoms among young, otherwise-healthy male athletes. Postconcussive symptoms and related reductions in cortical thickness may be tied to participation in a full-contact sport that involves frequent blows to the head. |
### Instruction:
Does a nonmetropolitan surgery clerkship increase interest in a surgical career?
### Response:
| These data challenge the perception that students should remain at a teaching university for their introductory clerkships. It may be that pairing students with individual faculty, or chief residents, could increase interest in a surgical career. |
### Instruction:
Do circulating antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich proteins 2 interfere with antigen detection by rapid diagnostic tests?
### Response:
| These observations indicate possible reduced sensitivity for diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria using PfHRP2-detecting RDTs among people with high levels of specific antibodies and low density infection, as well as possible interference with tests configured to detect soluble PfHRP2 in saliva or urine samples. Further ... |
### Instruction:
Is nonalcoholic steatohepatitis the second leading etiology of liver disease among adults awaiting liver transplantation in the United States?
### Response:
| Based on data from US adult LT databases, since 2004 the number of adults with NASH awaiting LTs has almost tripled. However, patients with NASH are less likely to undergo LT and less likely to survive for 90 days on the waitlist than patients with HCV, ALD, or HCV and ALD. |
### Instruction:
Does delayed-Phase Cone-Beam CT improve Detectability of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma During Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization?
### Response:
| DPCBCT, and especially the DAP-CBCT, significantly improved the detectability of ICC lesions during cTACE compared to DSA. We recommend the routine use of DAP-CBCT in patients with ICC for per-procedure detectability and treatment planning in the setting of TACE. |
### Instruction:
Do human B cells produce chemokine CXCL10 in the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific T cells?
### Response:
| Human B cells are able to produce CXCL10 in an IFN-γ and T cell contact-dependent manner. The present findings suggest a possible mechanism through which B cells in part may influence granuloma formation in human tuberculosis (TB) and participate in infection control. |
### Instruction:
Is microRNA-29b a Novel Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings indicated that miR-29b may be a useful, novel, prognostic marker and may play important roles in regulating apoptosis and cell cycle in CRC. |
### Instruction:
Does surgical resection improve survival in patients with renal metastases to the pancreas in the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors?
### Response:
| The presence of PM-RCC is associated with a long survival, and surgical resection does not improve survival in comparison with TKI therapy. However, surgical resection leads to a percentage of disease-free PM-RCC patients. |
### Instruction:
Is increase in fitness of Streptococcus pneumoniae associated with the severity of necrotizing pneumonia?
### Response:
| Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae toward increased fitness in their interaction with host and exaggerated IL-8 expression may be responsible for the increase of necrotizing pneumococcal pneumonia. |
### Instruction:
Is denial associated with higher ambulatory blood pressure across the menstrual cycle?
### Response:
| Stress denial has a persistent effect on BP, regardless of menstrual phase; however, shifts in the hormonal environment throughout the menstrual cycle may mediate other somatic and behavioural associations with BP. |
### Instruction:
Is high intensity interval exercise an effective alternative to moderate intensity exercise for improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in adolescent boys?
### Response:
| A single bout of time efficient HIIE is an effective alternative to MIE for improving glucose tolerance and IS in adolescent boys immediately after exercise. |
### Instruction:
Does brain natriuretic peptide level on admission predict recurrent stroke after discharge in stroke survivors with atrial fibrillation?
### Response:
| Admission BNP levels can predict recurrent stroke in stroke survivors with AF. |
### Instruction:
Is ascorbic acid PEG-2L superior for early morning colonoscopies in colorectal cancer screening programs : a prospective non-randomized controlled trial?
### Response:
| In early morning colonoscopies, ascPEG-2L appears to be the best option, especially when administered in a split-dose. |
### Instruction:
Does nT-proBNP predict maintenance of sinus rhythm after electrical cardioversion?
### Response:
| NT-proBNP levels are a predictor of recurrence of AF 30 days after cardioversion. ROC curves indicates that the practical value of NT-proBNP for the individual patient is limited. |
### Instruction:
Is papillomavirus binding factor ( PBF ) an intrinsically disordered protein with potential participation in osteosarcoma genesis , in silico evidence?
### Response:
| According to the in silico PBF analyses, this protein can be considered as an IDP capable to bind several key cellular factors, and these interactions might play an important role in the osteosarcoma process. |
### Instruction:
Is diabetes mellitus independently associated with more severe cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease?
### Response:
| Diabetes mellitus is independently associated with more severe cognitive impairment in PD likely through mechanisms other than disease-specific neurodegenerations. |
### Instruction:
Are serum D-dimer concentrations increased after pediatric traumatic brain injury?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that serum D-dimer may be able to be used to identify which young children at risk for abusive head trauma might benefit from a head computed tomography or other additional evaluation. Additional data are needed to better identify the clinical scenarios that may result in false positive or false negati... |
### Instruction:
Do mortality and causes of death of Dutch burn patients during the period 2006-2011?
### Response:
| Mortality in burn patients has decreased. Most deaths occur early, in patients who receive only palliative care. In late mortality, MOF is the most common cause of death. |
### Instruction:
Does machine learning fMRI classifier delineate subgroups of schizophrenia patients?
### Response:
| The results indicate that this novel SBFE approach can successfully delineate between symptom dimensions in the context of complex psychiatric morbidity. |
### Instruction:
Do patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure have increased numbers of regulatory immune cells expressing the receptor tyrosine kinase MERTK?
### Response:
| Patients with ACLF have increased numbers of immunoregulatory monocytes and macrophages that express MERTK and suppress the innate immune response to microbes. The number of these cells correlates with disease severity and the inflammatory response. MERTK inhibitors restore production of inflammatory cytokines by immun... |
### Instruction:
Is postconditioning protective in renal reperfusion injury only in male rats . A gender difference study?
### Response:
| While POC is shown to be beneficial against renal IR injury in male rats, it did not show any protective effect in female rats. |
### Instruction:
Does bladder oxidative stress in sleep apnea contribute to detrusor instability and nocturia?
### Response:
| Intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea causes oxidative stress with ultrastructural and functional changes in the bladder. Sleep apnea related nocturia/voiding symptoms could be the result of these direct changes. Untreated sleep apnea has significant health consequences. Identifying urinary oxidative stress p... |
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