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### Instruction:
Are predictors of post-natal depression shaped distinctly by the measure of 'depression '?
### Response:
| The EPDS has been used with variable cut off scores across multiple studies. We used only nine of the 10 EPDS items, electing to exclude the self-harm related question, but preserving the recommended EPDS cut-off score, and which might have impacted on predictions. |
### Instruction:
Are primary mesenchymal stem cells in human transplanted lungs CD90/CD105 perivascularly located tissue-resident cells?
### Response:
| These data clearly demonstrate that primary MSC in human lung tissues are not only tissue resident but also tissue-specific. The identification and phenotypic characterisation of primary lung MSC is an important first step in identifying the role of MSC in normal lung physiology and pulmonary diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does abdominal obesity contribute to neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected patients with increased inflammation and immune activation?
### Response:
| Neurocognitive function was significantly linked to abdominal obesity, systemic inflammation (high IL-6), and immune activation in plasma (high sCD14) and CSF (high sCD40L). Abdominal obesity, inflammation, and central nervous system immune activation are potential therapeutic targets for NCI in HIV-positive patients. |
### Instruction:
Does sMURF1 silencing diminish a CD44-high cancer stem cell-like population in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that inhibition of BMP signaling potentiates the long-term survival of HNSCC CSCs, and that this inhibition is mediated by SMURF1. Targeting SMURF1 and restoring BMP signaling may offer a new therapeutic approach to promote differentiation and reduction of CSC populations leading to reduced drug re... |
### Instruction:
Is pupil diameter during postanesthetic recovery influenced by postoperative pain , but by the intraoperative opioid treatment?
### Response:
| Because of a residual effect of intraoperative opioids and a level of nociceptive stimulation lower than in surgical conditions, PD is not significantly influenced by early postoperative pain or pain relief. |
### Instruction:
Does the tumour hypoxia marker pimonidazole reflect a transcriptional programme associated with aggressive prostate cancer?
### Response:
| Pimonidazole staining reflects an aggressive hypoxic phenotype of prostate cancer characterised by upregulation of proliferation, DNA repair and hypoxia response genes. |
### Instruction:
Are physical Activity Levels During Acute Inpatient Admission After Hip Fracture Very Low?
### Response:
| Physical activity levels during an acute inpatient admission surgery for hip fracture are very low. Patients may have difficulty completing basic activities of daily living post-discharge into the community. Physical activity should be optimized as early in the rehabilitation process as able. |
### Instruction:
Is d-lactate a valid biomarker of intestinal ischemia induced by abdominal compartment syndrome?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that D-lactate could be a useful biochemical marker of intestinal ischemia induced by IAH. |
### Instruction:
Does c-type natriuretic peptide attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice?
### Response:
| CNP had a protective effect on ALI induced by LPS by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. CNP may hold promise in therapeutic strategies for ALI after pulmonary resection surgery. |
### Instruction:
Do gLP-1 receptor agonists have a sustained stimulatory effect on corticosterone release after chronic treatment?
### Response:
| The increases in corticosterone release seen after acute exenatide or liraglutide treatment do not abate after 2 weeks of treatment demonstrating that tolerance does not develop towards this particular effect of GLP-1 agonists. |
### Instruction:
Does atorvastatin at reperfusion reduce myocardial infarct size in mice by activating eNOS in bone marrow-derived cells?
### Response:
| The results demonstrate that acute administration of atorvastatin significantly reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in an eNOS-dependent manner, probably through the post-transcriptional activation of eNOS in bone marrow-derived cells. |
### Instruction:
Does initial hematocrit predict the use of blood transfusion in the pediatric trauma patient?
### Response:
| Initial Hct correlates significantly with conventional signs of shock and is a strong independent predictor for blood transfusion with better predictability than other clinical factors. |
### Instruction:
Do primary new-onset hydroceles presenting in late childhood and pre-adolescent patients resemble the adult type hydrocele pathology?
### Response:
| Early evidence shows that primary new onset hydroceles presenting in late childhood and pre-adolescence seem to be non-communicating and resemble the adult type hydrocele pathology. |
### Instruction:
Is shortened Lung Clearance Index a repeatable and sensitive test in children and adults with cystic fibrosis?
### Response:
| In this study, LCI1/20 was a repeatable and sensitive measure with equal diagnostic performance to LCI1/40. LCI1/20 was shorter, potentially offering a more feasible research and clinical measure. |
### Instruction:
Does in-hospital mortality and unintentional fall among older adults in the United States?
### Response:
| Among older adults who experienced a fall and hospitalization, odds of mortality appear influenced by factors beyond injury severity related to falling. Additional research is necessary to delineate the mechanisms behind these phenomena to inform the public about falls-prevention programs. |
### Instruction:
Does ghrelin attenuate renal fibrosis and inflammation of obstructive nephropathy?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that ghrelin is a potent antifibrotic agent that may have therapeutic potential in patients with obstructive nephropathy. |
### Instruction:
Are hip fractures risky business : an analysis of the NSQIP data?
### Response:
| Hip fractures are associated with significantly high numbers of adverse events. The type of surgery affects the type of complications developed and also has an effect on what risk factors significantly predict the development of a complication. Concerted efforts from orthopaedists should be made to identify higher risk... |
### Instruction:
Does [ LC3-LpqH enhance the immunoprotection of Ag85B DNA vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis ]?
### Response:
| LC3-LpqH could enhance Ag85B-specific Th1 immune response that exerts a superior immune protection, which might be a new practical strategy for developing MTB vaccines. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase inhibit immune phagocytosis mediated by pulmonary surfactant protein A ]?
### Response:
| P.aeruginosa elastase provides a protection from phagocytic cells by degrading SP-A. |
### Instruction:
Is survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients significantly improving : a population-based study from southern Switzerland?
### Response:
| The current population-based report describes a major increase in HCC survival. Simultaneously an increased use of TACE has been detected, probable cofactor of the observed survival increase. Possibly additional efforts could be made to decrease the HCC stage at diagnosis through active surveillance of cirrhotic patien... |
### Instruction:
Do tNF and angiotensin type 1 receptors interact in the brain control of blood pressure in heart failure?
### Response:
| our study provides evidence that in rats with post-infarction heart failure the regulation of blood pressure by AT1Rs depends on centrally acting endogenous TNF-α. |
### Instruction:
Do rhinoviruses significantly affect day-to-day respiratory symptoms of children with asthma?
### Response:
| The detection of nasal hRV was associated with a significantly increased risk of day-to-day asthma symptoms in children. Host, virus genotype, and environmental factors each had only a small or no effect on the relationship of viral infections to asthma symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Is boceprevir highly effective in treatment-experienced hepatitis C virus-positive genotype-1 menopausal women?
### Response:
| Boceprevir obtained high SVR response independent of previous response, RVR or baseline fibrosis or cirrhosis. RVR BOC was the only independent predictor of SVR. |
### Instruction:
Are in women , no significant variances of calculated free testosterone ( cFT ) observed when a fixed value of albumin ( Alb : 4.3 g/dL ) is used instead of measured albumin values?
### Response:
| A fixed Alb of 4.3 g/dL is acceptable for most clinical evaluations. If Alb is ≤ 3.5 g/dL, along with SHBG ≤ 30 nmol/L, the variance increases and a free testosterone (FT) measurement by equilibrium dialysis is warranted for better accuracy. |
### Instruction:
Is pneumothorax a rare complication of thoracic central venous catheterization in community EDs?
### Response:
| The incidence of pneumothorax from thoracic central venous catheterization in community EDs is low. The risk of pneumothorax is higher with a subclavian vein approach, failed access at the initial vein, and positive pressure ventilation. |
### Instruction:
Does the stent-assisted coil-jailing technique facilitate efficient embolization of tiny cerebral aneurysms?
### Response:
| The stent-assisted coil-jailing technique can be an efficient approach for tiny intracranial aneurysms, even though no definite conclusion regarding its safety can be drawn from the current data. |
### Instruction:
Does cOPD-related adenocarcinoma present low aggressiveness morphological and molecular features compared to smoker tumours?
### Response:
| COPD-related adenocarcinoma presents molecular and morphological features of lower aggressiveness (increased lepidic component, reduced solid pattern, lower cell proliferation and less frequent KRAS mutation) compared to smokers. Different molecular mechanisms could be associated with the development of COPD associated... |
### Instruction:
Is sputum club cell protein concentration associated with pulmonary exacerbation in cystic fibrosis?
### Response:
| Sputum CCSP concentration is associated with CF pulmonary exacerbation. |
### Instruction:
Is pap test use lower among female-to-male patients than non-transgender women?
### Response:
| Transgender patients are not accessing the same level of preventive cervical screening care as non-transgender female patients. There is a need to better understand barriers to care in this population. Contrary to findings in other settings, history of sex with women was not negatively associated with Pap utilization. |
### Instruction:
Do iL-1β and TNFα promote monocyte viability through the induction of GM-CSF expression by rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts?
### Response:
| Overall, rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNFα) promote monocyte viability via GM-CSF but do not induce a specific macrophage polarization. |
### Instruction:
Does atenolol prevent the formation of expansive hematoma after rhytidoplasty?
### Response:
| The perioperative use of atenolol caused a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate and decreased the incidence of expanding hematoma after rhytidectomy. |
### Instruction:
Does dexamethasone protect neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury via L-PGDS-dependent PGD2-DP1-pERK signaling pathway?
### Response:
| Interaction of glucocorticoids-GR signaling and L-PGDS-PGD2-DP1-pERK mediated pathway underlies the neuroprotective effects of dexamethasone pretreatment in neonatal HI brain injury. |
### Instruction:
Is nutrition self-efficacy unidirectionally related to outcome expectations in children?
### Response:
| Data suggest that there is a unidirectional relationship between nutrition self-efficacy and outcome expectations, in which self-efficacy predicts outcome expectations. Therefore, theory-based nutrition interventions may consider focusing more resources on changing self-efficacy because it may also lead to changes in o... |
### Instruction:
Does postnatal human cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants have long-term neuropsychological sequelae?
### Response:
| In our small but well-characterized group, our results provide evidence for adverse effects of early postnatal CMV infection on overall cognitive functions in adolescents born preterm. If confirmed, these results support the implementation of preventive measures. |
### Instruction:
Are total radiation dose and overall treatment time predictive for tumor sterilization in cervical carcinoma treated with chemoradiation and pulsed-dose-rate brachytherapy?
### Response:
| This study showed that tumor sterilization is significantly correlated with overall treatment time and probably with cumulative dose delivered to the HR-CTV. These results emphasize the attention that must be given to treatment organization and dosimetry optimization. |
### Instruction:
Does low-level light therapy potentiate NPe6-mediated photodynamic therapy in a human osteosarcoma cell line via increased ATP?
### Response:
| Taken together, these results demonstrate that LLLT potentiates NPe6-mediated PDT via increased ATP synthesis and is a potentially promising strategy that could be applied in clinical PDT. |
### Instruction:
Is peritraumatic tonic immobility associated with PTSD symptom severity in Brazilian police officers : a prospective study?
### Response:
| Our findings highlight the need to expand investigation on the incidence and impact of PTI on the mental health of police officers. |
### Instruction:
Do confirmatory factor analysis of the Spanish version of the revised memory and behavior problems checklist?
### Response:
| The results suggest that the Spanish version of the RMBPC shows adequate adjustment for the three-factor model with 24-items, but that removing some of the items improves the adjustment. The results support the use of this instrument for the assessment of BPSD in Spanish people with dementia. |
### Instruction:
Do human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells increase endogenous neurogenesis in the rat subventricular zone acutely after 6-hydroxydopamine lesioning?
### Response:
| The acute neurogenic effects and neurotrophic factor expression of MSC could help to restore the SVZ-OB axis in PD. |
### Instruction:
Is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with progression of arterial stiffness?
### Response:
| NAFLD was found to be an independent predictor of faster progression of baPWV even after adjusting other cardiovascular risk factors. These prospective data support a pathogenic role for NAFLD in the development of arterial stiffness. |
### Instruction:
Does cord serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlate with early childhood viral-induced wheezing?
### Response:
| Cord serum 25[OH]D levels were inversely associated with the risk of multi-triggered wheezing, and especially viral-induced wheezing by the age of 2 years, but no association was found with food allergy, atopic dermatitis and frequencies of infections. |
### Instruction:
Are the longitudinal association between inflammation and incident depressive symptoms in men : the effects of hs-CRP independent of abdominal obesity and metabolic disturbances?
### Response:
| hsCRP and annualized ΔhsCRP were positively associated with depressive symptoms in a cohort of men. Further investigation into the role of abdominal obesity and metabolic disturbances in the inflammation-depression hypothesis is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Do very preterm infants show earlier emergence of 24-hour sleep-wake rhythms compared to term infants?
### Response:
| Preterm infants show an earlier emergence of the 24-h sleep-wake rhythm compared to term infants. Thus, the length of exposure to external time cues such as light may be important for the maturation of infant sleep-wake rhythms. Trial registry number: This trial has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (identifier... |
### Instruction:
Are spatial working memory and attention skills predicted by maternal stress during pregnancy?
### Response:
| Consistent with results observed in rodents, MSDP was found to be associated with spatial working memory and attention skills. These results point to postnatal care and maternal anxiety during pregnancy as potential targets for interventions that aim to buffer children from the detrimental effects of MSDP. |
### Instruction:
Do pRRT2 truncated mutations lead to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia?
### Response:
| We suggest that the NMD of truncated mutation of PRRT2 and altered cellular localization of undegraded of PRRT2, might lead to PKD. |
### Instruction:
Do recessive mutations in LEPREL1 underlie a recognizable lens subluxation phenotype?
### Response:
| Recessive LEPREL1 mutations should be recognized as part of the differential diagnosis of lens subluxation. The associated phenotype is non-syndromic and distinguishable from other causes of ectopia lentis in the context of its additional features: juvenile lens opacities, axial myopia, and a predisposition to retinal ... |
### Instruction:
Does ghrelin increase memory consolidation through hippocampal mechanisms dependent on glutamate release and NR2B-subunits of the NMDA receptor?
### Response:
| According to the results above mentioned and previous findings, we can hypothesize some of the mechanisms by which Ghr modulates memory consolidation. At presynaptic level, Ghr stimulates glutamate release, probably by enhancing [Ca(2+)]i. At postsynaptic level, the glutamate released activates NMDAR while Ghr also med... |
### Instruction:
Is protein kinase A-dependent phosphorylation of Dock180 at serine residue 1250 important for glioma growth and invasion stimulated by platelet derived-growth factor receptor α?
### Response:
| These data describe an important mechanism by which PDGFRα promotes glioma malignant phenotypes through PKA-dependent serine phosphorylation of Dock180, and the data thereby support targeting the PDGFRα-PKA-Dock180-Rac1 axis for treating GBM with molecular profiles indicating PDGFRα signaling dependency. |
### Instruction:
Is dopamine receptor DR2 expression in B cells negatively correlated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients?
### Response:
| RA patients had lower expression level of DR2 on B cells compared to the healthy controls, and the level of DR2 negatively correlated with the disease activity. DR2 and DR3 might be novel predictors of patient responses to disease modifying antirheumatic drug therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does per a 10 activate human derived epithelial cell line in a protease dependent manner via PAR-2?
### Response:
| Serine protease activity of Per a 10 activates A549 cells to secrete proinflammatory cytokines by PAR-2 activation and Ca(2+)mobilization and can be exploited therapeutically. |
### Instruction:
Does interplay between mTOR and STAT5 signaling modulate the balance between regulatory and effective T cells?
### Response:
| Together, these findings indicate that the dynamic interaction between mTOR and STAT5 signaling modulates the reciprocal differentiation of the effective and regulatory T cells, and differently affect their proliferation activity. This provides a new insight of how Treg-Teff balance is regulated. |
### Instruction:
Are patient-specific risk factors predictive for postoperative adverse events in colorectal surgery : an American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-based analysis?
### Response:
| These findings may be used to pre-emptively identify colorectal surgery patients at increased risk of experiencing adverse outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does braun enteroenterostomy during pancreaticoduodenectomy decrease postoperative delayed gastric emptying?
### Response:
| Braun enteroenterostomy reduces the incidence of postoperative DGE associated with PD. |
### Instruction:
Does resveratrol enhance splicing of insulin receptor exon 11 in myotonic dystrophy type 1 fibroblasts?
### Response:
| A natural compound, RES, was shown for the first time to upregulate the full-length IR mRNA in fibroblasts from DM1 cases. Our results provide the justification of RES as a leading compound to improve glucose tolerance in DM1. |
### Instruction:
Is the dimerization domain of PfCENP-C required for its functions as a centromere protein in human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum?
### Response:
| PfCENP-C is a true CENP-C homologue in P. falciparum which binds to the centromeric DNA and its dimerization domain is essential for its in vivo functions as a centromere protein. The identification and functional characterization of the P. falciparum centromeric proteins will provide mechanistic insights into some of ... |
### Instruction:
Is increased constitutive αSMA and Smad2/3 expression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis myofibroblasts KCa3.1-dependent?
### Response:
| Taken together, these data suggest that Ca2+- and KCa3.1-dependent processes facilitate "constitutive" Smad2/3 signalling in IPF-derived fibroblasts, and thus promote fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation. Importantly, inhibiting KCa3.1 channels reverses this process. Targeting KCa3.1 may therefore provide a nove... |
### Instruction:
Does treatment with a vascular disrupting agent increase recruitment of indium labelled human endothelial outgrowth cells in an experimental tumour model?
### Response:
| Our data showed that regardless of the grade of the immune system, ranging from a fully working to a fully compromised immune system, treatment with CA4P did not increase recruitment of xenotransplanted EOCs to tumour tissue. |
### Instruction:
Are invariant Natural Killer T Cells Reduced in Hereditary Hemochromatosis Patients?
### Response:
| Altogether, our results demonstrate that HH patients have reduced numbers of iNKT cells and that these are influenced by iron overload. |
### Instruction:
Are a Defective Oxidative Burst and Impaired Antigen Presentation Hallmarks of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis?
### Response:
| In VL, monocyte functions were severely impaired facilitating parasite persistence; anti-leishmanial chemotherapy mediated parasite elimination through modulation of the macrophage microenvironment by restoring its redox status and antigen presenting capacity. |
### Instruction:
Do the hemoglobin values of Korean adolescents show distinctive characteristics in comparison to those of Caucasians and African Americans?
### Response:
| Our results could be used as a national reference standard to correctly classify a large population sample. Further studies are necessary to determine reference Hb values for children younger than 10 years and identify genetic variations associated with distinctive characteristics observed in this study. |
### Instruction:
Are increased somatic sensations associated with reduced limb ownership?
### Response:
| These findings support the proposed link between MUS and disturbances in body representation, and suggest that an over-reliance on top-down knowledge may interfere with current sensory inputs, contributing to symptom formation and maintenance in susceptible individuals. |
### Instruction:
Does disability but not social support predict cognitive deterioration in late-life depression?
### Response:
| Greater IADL deficits predicted increased risk of cognitive conversion. Assessment of IADL deficits may provide clues about risk of later cognitive decline. |
### Instruction:
Does a multi-institutional prospective trial in the USA confirm that the 4Kscore accurately identifies men with high-grade prostate cancer?
### Response:
| Gleason ≥7 PCa was found in 231 (23%) of the 1012 patients. The 4Kscore showed excellent calibration and demonstrated higher discrimination (AUC 0.82) and net benefit compared to a modified Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Risk Calculator 2.0 model and standard of care (biopsy for all men) according to DCA. A possible ... |
### Instruction:
Is preservation of the neurovascular bundles associated with improved time to continence after radical prostatectomy but not long-term continence rates : results of a systematic review and meta-analysis?
### Response:
| This analysis demonstrates an association between NS and improved urinary continence outcomes up to 6 mo postoperatively. NS in men with poor preoperative erectile function should be considered in the context of oncologic risk stratification because it may improve time to continence recovery. The underlying cause of th... |
### Instruction:
Does non-thermal atmospheric plasma brush induce HEMA grafting onto dentin collagen?
### Response:
| The current study provides deeper insight into the mechanism of dental adhesion enhancement induced by non-thermal plasmas treatment. The NTAP brush could be a promising method to create chemical bond between resin monomers and dentin collagen. |
### Instruction:
Does hepatitis C virus-induced reduction in miR-181a impair CD4 ( + ) T-cell responses through overexpression of DUSP6?
### Response:
| Since a decline of miR-181a concomitant with DUSP6 overexpression is the signature marker for age-associated T-cell senescence, these findings provide novel mechanistic insights into HCV-mediated premature T-cell aging through miR-181a-regulated DUSP6 signaling and reveal new targets for therapeutic rejuvenation of imp... |
### Instruction:
Does osteopontin promote EZH2 expression and tumor progression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that OPN may promote tumor progression of NPC through an EZH2-dependent pathway. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Mycoplasma genitalium lipid-associated membrane proteins induce endocervical epithelial cells to express β-defensin-2 ]?
### Response:
| Mycoplasma genitalium-derived LAMPs can induce End1/E6E7 cells to express hBD-2, which may be involved in the TLR2, TLR6/Myd88/NF-κB pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does stable luciferase expression alter immunologic or in vivo growth properties of GL261 murine glioma cells?
### Response:
| Luciferase expression in GL261 murine glioma cells does not affect GL261 proliferation, invasion, cytokine expression, or in vivo growth. Luciferase modification increases their utility for studying tumor immunology and immunotherapeutic approaches for treating glioblastoma. |
### Instruction:
Does patients ' expectations of variation in quality of care relate to their search for comparative performance information?
### Response:
| Patients' expectations regarding variation in quality of care are positively related to their reported search for CPI. To increase the relevance of CPI for patients, future studies should explore the underlying reasoning of patients about meaningful quality-of-care variation between hospitals. |
### Instruction:
Does bCAS2 promote prostate cancer cells proliferation by enhancing AR mRNA transcription and protein stability?
### Response:
| In this study, we show that BCAS2 is a novel AR-interacting protein and characterise the correlation between BCAS2 and PCa. Thus we propose that BCAS2 could be a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for PCa. |
### Instruction:
Does inclusion of KI67 significantly improve performance of the PREDICT prognostication and prediction model for early breast cancer?
### Response:
| Addition of KI67 to PREDICT has led to a statistically significant improvement in the model performance for ER+ patients and will aid clinical decision making in these patients. Further studies should determine whether other markers including gene expression profiling provide additional prognostic information to that p... |
### Instruction:
Is the interaction with task-induced activity more important than polarization : a tDCS study?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that tDCS-induced plasticity is task-dependent, and the concurrent combination of A-tDCS with another excitability-increasing event, e.g., motor practice, may trigger non-additive mechanisms, hindering neuroplasticity. |
### Instruction:
Do three week loading for the Baha BI-300® implant system?
### Response:
| Three-week loading of the BI-300 implant did not result in any implant loss or failure of osseointegration. Earlier activation of the external processor with earlier hearing rehabilitation resulted in improved patient satisfaction. Further studies are needed to confirm these results for more universal adoption of early... |
### Instruction:
Is conditioned pain modulation minimally influenced by cognitive evaluation or imagery of the conditioning stimulus?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that CPM is primarily dependent on sensory input, and that the cortical processes of evaluation and imagery have little impact on CPM. These findings lend support for CPM as a useful tool for probing endogenous analgesia through subcortical mechanisms. |
### Instruction:
Do four-dimensional computed tomography scans facilitate preoperative planning in snapping scapula syndrome?
### Response:
| The 4D CT scan images defined pathology well in patients with snapping scapula syndrome and improved assessment of the amount and location of the scapular bone and soft tissue causing symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Is nADPH oxidase 4 involved in the triethylene glycol dimethacrylate-induced reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in human embryonic palatal mesenchymal and dental pulp cells?
### Response:
| We demonstrate significant involvement of NOX4 in the TEGDMA-induced ROS. NOX4-derived ROS subsequently induces mitochondrial cytochrome c release leading to apoptosis through activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated serum homocysteine a predictor of accelerated decline in renal function and chronic kidney disease : A historical prospective study?
### Response:
| Elevated mean serum homocysteine level is associated with an accelerated decline in renal function in both men and women, and is an independent risk factor for the development of CKD in the general population. Further prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to clarify whether the reduction in serum homocystei... |
### Instruction:
Does high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol inhibit myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo?
### Response:
| High-molecular-weight PEG appears to have a significant protective effect from I-R injury in the heart when administered IV immediately before reperfusion. This may have important clinical translation in the setting of acute coronary revascularization and myocardial protection in cardiac surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is cXCL9 a prognostic marker in patients with liver cirrhosis receiving transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt?
### Response:
| The CXCR3 ligand CXCL9 affects the liver and/or is released by the liver and thereby might contribute to hepatic and extrahepatic organ dysfunction. Elevated levels of CXCL9 are associated with shorter survival in cirrhotic patients with severe portal hypertension receiving TIPS. This chemokine should be further evalua... |
### Instruction:
Do differential platelet levels affect response to taxane-based therapy in ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| Platelet-driven effects of chemotherapy response may explain clinical observations. |
### Instruction:
Do embryonic cells contribute directly to the quiescent stem cell population in the adult mouse mammary gland?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that a subset of proliferating embryonic cells subsequently becomes quiescent and contributes to the pool of long-lived mammary stem cells in the adult. eLLRCs can re-enter the cell cycle, produce both mammary lineages and self-renew. Thus, our studies have identified a putative stem/progenitor cel... |
### Instruction:
Does triptolide suppress airway goblet cell hyperplasia and Muc5ac expression via NF-κB in a murine model of asthma?
### Response:
| Triptolide may inhibit airway goblet cell hyperplasia and Muc5ac expression in asthmatic mice via NF-κB. It may be a potential drug for the treatment of patients with severe asthma. |
### Instruction:
Are different plasma markers of inflammation influenced by immune recovery and cART composition or intensification in treated HIV infected individuals?
### Response:
| The inflammatory profile in treated HIV-infected individuals showed a complex association with HCV co-infection, the levels of CD4 T cells and the cART regimen. Raltegravir intensification specifically reduced D-dimer levels in PI-treated patients, highlighting the link between cART composition and residual viral repli... |
### Instruction:
Does characterization of 28 novel patients expand the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of Lowe syndrome?
### Response:
| We have identified clinical features in 28 patients with suspected Lowe syndrome that had not been recognized in Lowe syndrome prior to our study. We also provide further evidence that OCRL mutations cause a phenotypic continuum with selective and/or time-dependent organ involvement. At least some of these mutants migh... |
### Instruction:
Are circulating levels of environmental contaminants associated with dietary patterns in older adults?
### Response:
| Dietary patterns were associated in diverse manners with circulating levels of environmental contaminants in this elderly Swedish population. Following the WHO dietary recommendations seems to be associated with a lower burden of environmental contaminants. |
### Instruction:
Does perinatal oxytocin increase the risk of offspring bipolar disorder and childhood cognitive impairment?
### Response:
| Loss to follow-up must be considered in all birth cohort studies. In addition, the childhood cognitive battery did not include tests related to multiple domains of cognition which have been associated with later BP. A third limitation is the modest sample size of those exposed to oxytocin. |
### Instruction:
Does e5564 inhibit immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 induction promoted by HIV-1 Tat protein?
### Response:
| This study provides compelling data showing for the first time that the TLR4 antagonist E5564 inhibits the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 production by primary human monocytes and macrophages incubated in the presence of HIV-1 Tat protein. |
### Instruction:
Does systematic review of fall in older adults with cancer?
### Response:
| Falls in older adults with cancer are more common than in the general population, and are associated with risk factors unique to people with cancer. Further study is needed to establish methods of screening older adults with cancer for fall risk and ultimately implement interventions to reduce their risk of falls. Iden... |
### Instruction:
Does administration of high dose eicosapentaenoic acid enhance anti-inflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia?
### Response:
| Oral administration of EPA regenerated anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory functions of HDL, and promoted cholesterol efflux from macrophages. Therefore, EPA may transform "dysfunctional HDL" to "functional", in patients with coronary risk factors. |
### Instruction:
Is upregulation of stromal cell-derived factor 1 ( SDF-1 ) associated with macrophage infiltration in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| Our study demonstrates that SDF-1 is significantly upregulated during renal I/R. We hypothesize that SDF-1 upregulation may be an important macrophage effector mechanism during I/R injury. |
### Instruction:
Is hyperplasia of pericytes one of the main characteristics of microvascular architecture in malignant glioma?
### Response:
| Hyperplasia of pericytes was one of the significant characteristics of malignant glioma and locally proliferated pericytes were the main constituent of MVs in high grade glioma. The pathological characteristics of pericytes could be used as indexes of malignant grades of glioma. |
### Instruction:
Do genome-wide meta-analyses of plasma renin activity and concentration reveal association with the kininogen 1 and prekallikrein genes?
### Response:
| We identified 2 genetic loci (kininogen 1 and kallikrein B) influencing key components of the RAAS, consistent with the close interrelation between the kallikrein-kinin system and the RAAS. |
### Instruction:
Are germline mutations in RYR1 associated with foetal akinesia deformation sequence/lethal multiple pterygium syndrome?
### Response:
| Our findings report, for the first time, a homozygous RYR1 null mutation and expand the range of RYR1-related phenotypes to include early lethal FADS/LMPS. We suggest that RYR1 mutation analysis should be performed in cases of severe FADS/LMPS even in the absence of specific histopathological indicators of RYR1-related... |
### Instruction:
Does access to point-of-care tests reduce the prescription of antibiotics among antibiotic-requesting subjects with respiratory tract infections?
### Response:
| Access to point-of-care tests reduces antibiotic use in subjects who explicitly request an antibiotic prescription. |
### Instruction:
Does terminal glycotope expression on milk fibronectin differ from plasma fibronectin and changes over lactation?
### Response:
| The expression of terminal sugars on milk FN is different from that of plasma FN of the lactating mother and is associated with milk maturation. The analysis of degree of milk sialylation and fucosylation should be considered during control of biochemical quality of milk collected in milk banks. |
### Instruction:
Do neuropathy target esterase impairments cause Oliver-McFarlane and Laurence-Moon syndromes?
### Response:
| Previously, PNPLA6 mutations have been associated with spastic paraplegia type 39, Gordon-Holmes syndrome and Boucher-Neuhäuser syndromes. Discovery of these additional PNPLA6-opathies further elucidates a spectrum of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders associated with NTE impairment and suggests a unify... |
### Instruction:
Are cytoplasmic and nuclear parathyroid hormone-related proteins opposing prognostic factors in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who have undergone curative resection?
### Response:
| Cytoplasmic and nuclear parathyroid hormone-like related protein play opposing prognostic roles for the disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with early non-small-cell lung cancer who have undergone curative resection. |
### Instruction:
Does luteolin inhibit ROS-activated MAPK pathway in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| These results reveal a ROS-MAPK mediated mechanism and mitochondrial pathway through which luteolin can protect myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. |
### Instruction:
Does 5-Aminolevulinic acid with ferrous iron induce permanent cardiac allograft acceptance in mice via induction of regulatory cells?
### Response:
| Our findings show that 5-ALA/SFC inhibits T-cell proliferation in response to alloantigens and an increased number of regulatory cells, resulting in permanent cardiac allograft acceptance in mice. These findings highlight the major roles of CO and/or HO-1 in inducing tolerance and suggest that 5-ALA/SFC may be a clinic... |
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