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### Instruction:
Do residual motion mitigation in scanned carbon ion beam therapy of liver tumors using enlarged pencil beam overlap?
### Response:
| Residual motion in scanned carbon ion therapy of liver tumors can lead to considerable dose heterogeneities. Using an increased beam spot size dose degradation can be significantly mitigated. Especially for large tumors, increasing the beam spot size is an efficient motion mitigation option readily available at most sc... |
### Instruction:
Does incidence and associated factors for single and recurrent fall among the elderly in an urban community of Beijing?
### Response:
| The incidence of falls in community-dwelling elderly people in Beijing is common, and falls and their related injuries have been associated with both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. |
### Instruction:
Does a nonsteroidal glucocorticoid receptor agonist inhibit allergen-induced late asthmatic responses?
### Response:
| Seven-day treatment with inhalation of the nonsteroidal glucocorticoid receptor agonist AZD5423 effectively reduced allergen-induced responses in subjects with mild allergic asthma. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01225549). |
### Instruction:
Does neurological examination combined with brain MRI or cranial US improve prediction of neurological outcome in preterm infants?
### Response:
| The combination of the Dubowitz neurologic examination and the brain MRI at TEA or serial neonatal cUS provides a valuable clinical tool for predicting long-term neurosensory outcome in preterm infants. |
### Instruction:
Are chronic headache and backache long-term sequelae of unintentional dural puncture in the obstetric population?
### Response:
| Chronic headache and backache sequelae persist in the obstetrical population after UDP. When parturients are considering labor epidural analgesia, long-term sequelae should be discussed in the informed consent decision-making process. |
### Instruction:
Does 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibit bleomycin-induced systemic sclerosis through suppression of fibroblast activation?
### Response:
| 2-ME could suppress SSc tissue fibrosis, which may be attributable to its inhibitory effect on the excessive proliferation, differentiation and production of collagen in fibroblasts. 2-ME is rising as a prospective agent for control of fibrosis in SSc. |
### Instruction:
Does social stress increase expression of hemoglobin genes in mouse prefrontal cortex?
### Response:
| The observed up-regulation of genes associated with vascular system and brain injury suggests that stressful social encounters may affect brain function through the stress-induced dysfunction of the vascular system. |
### Instruction:
Does patient selection based on treatment duration and liver biochemistry increase success rates after treatment withdrawal in autoimmune hepatitis?
### Response:
| Proper patient selection including a sustained complete biochemical remission on immunosuppressive monotherapy for a minimum of 2 years can markedly improve the success rates of treatment withdrawal. The interpretation of aminotransferase and IgG levels within the normal range could aid in predicting the risk of relaps... |
### Instruction:
Is reactive oxygen species modulator 1 ( Romo1 ) overexpression an independent predictor of poor survival in NSCLC patients who undergo surgical resection?
### Response:
| Increased Romo1 expression in surgically resected NSCLC was found to be significantly associated with early recurrence and poor survival. Romo1 overexpression could be a potential adverse prognostic marker in this setting. |
### Instruction:
Does pre-treatment FDG-PET predict the site of in-field progression following concurrent chemoradiotherapy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| Pre-treatment PET can be used to identify specific lesions at high risk for treatment failure following definitive CRT for locally advanced NSCLC. Selective treatment intensification to high-risk lesions should be studied as a strategy to improve clinical outcomes in this patient population. |
### Instruction:
Are common variants at Bin1 associated with sporadic Alzheimer 's disease in the Han Chinese population?
### Response:
| To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to confirm the association of the variant rs7561528 adjacent to Bin1 with SAD in a Han Chinese Population. |
### Instruction:
Does the orthotopic xenotransplant of human glioblastoma successfully recapitulate glioblastoma-microenvironment interactions in a non-immunosuppressed mouse model?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated that the xenografted tumor in mouse brain parenchyma develops in a very similar manner to those found in patients affected by GBM and can be used to better understand the biology of GBM as well as testing potential therapies. |
### Instruction:
Does dJ-1 regulate the expression of renal ( pro ) renin receptor via reactive oxygen species-mediated epigenetic modification?
### Response:
| We conclude that DJ-1 protein regulates the expression of renal PRR through H2O2-mediated epigenetic modification. |
### Instruction:
Are alterations in brain amino acid metabolism and inhibitory effects on PKC possibly correlated with anticonvulsant effects of the isomeric mixture of α- and β-amyrin from Protium heptaphyllum?
### Response:
| Thus, the AMY anticonvulsant activity is related to the GABAergic system and may be linked to the inhibition of the signaling cascade of PKC as well as to alterations in amino acids metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Is blastocyst transfer associated with increased rates of monozygotic twins when controlling for embryo cohort quality?
### Response:
| Patient prognosis and embryo cohort quality seem to be major factors in MZT rate in women undergoing blastocyst transfer. Although technology-based effects cannot be excluded, patient and embryo characteristics play an important role. |
### Instruction:
Does increased DNA methyltransferase 1 protein expression correlate significantly with intestinal histological type and gender in gastric carcinomas?
### Response:
| Results from our study indicate that DNMT1 and 3b were overexpressed and could be involved in gastric tumorigenesis of intestinal histological type in the case of Tunisian patients. |
### Instruction:
Does rumination decrease parental problem-solving effectiveness in dysphoric postnatal mothers?
### Response:
| A self-report measure of depressed mood was used. |
### Instruction:
Are manic tendencies related to being an entrepreneur , intending to become an entrepreneur , or succeeding as an entrepreneur?
### Response:
| The studies were limited by self-report measures and relatively small samples. |
### Instruction:
Is decidual GM-CSF a critical common intermediate necessary for thrombin and TNF induced in-vitro fetal membrane weakening?
### Response:
| GM-CSF is a critical common intermediate in the thrombin and TNF FM weakening pathways. |
### Instruction:
Is combination of cyst fluid CEA and CA 125 an accurate diagnostic tool for differentiating mucinous cystic neoplasms from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that cyst fluid CEA can be a helpful marker in differentiating mucinous from non-mucinous, but not malignant from benign cystic lesions. A combined CEA and CA 125 approach may help segregate MCNs from IPMNs. |
### Instruction:
Does portal vein clamping alone confer protection against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury via preserving hepatocyte function in cirrhotic rats?
### Response:
| Although both PVC and IC can confer protection against hepatic ischemic-reperfusion injury in cirrhotic rats, the PVC method is more efficient in preserving the energy and function of hepatocytes than the IC method, suggesting better prognosis after hepatectomy. |
### Instruction:
Is increased plasma concentrations of midregional proatrial natriuretic Peptide associated with risk of cardiorenal dysfunction in type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| Increased plasma MR-proANP was associated with impaired renal function, increased albuminuria, and previous CVD. Moreover, MR-proANP concentrations were associated with increased risk of development of ESRD and mortality combined during follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Is smoking associated with severe dysplasia or invasive carcinoma in resected intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms?
### Response:
| Positive smoking history correlated with duct type classification but does not appear to be a risk factor for harboring high-grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma in IPMNs. |
### Instruction:
Are proinflammatory responses induced by CD40 in retinal endothelial and Müller cells inhibited by blocking CD40-Traf2,3 or CD40-Traf6 signaling?
### Response:
| Blockade of a single CD40-TRAF pathway was sufficient to impair ICAM-1, MCP-1, PGE₂, and VEGF upregulation in retinal endothelial and/or Müller cells. Blockade of CD40-TRAF signaling may control retinopathies. |
### Instruction:
Does additional sensory input improve the strategy of stepping over obstacle in individuals with knee osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the use of a bandage allowed for a more rapid movement, better estimates of the force applied against the ground in the propulsive stage, and a reduction in the overload on the locomotor system in the loading response stage. |
### Instruction:
Does intensive unilateral core training improve trunk stability without preference for trunk left or right rotation?
### Response:
| This study showed that trunk stability improved without particular directional preference in response to unilateral core training. This result adds to our understanding of the nature of trunk stability and multi-directional improvement. |
### Instruction:
Does microRNA-1269 promote proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma via downregulation of FOXO1?
### Response:
| Our study indicated that overexpression of miR-1269 promotes cell proliferation in HCC through directly suppressing FOXO1, and functions as an oncomiR in HCC. |
### Instruction:
Does niacin receptor activation improve human microvascular endothelial cell angiogenic function during lipotoxicity?
### Response:
| Niacin, at a low concentration, improves HMVEC angiogenic function under lipotoxic conditions, likely independent of NAD(+) biosynthesis and SIRT1 activation, but rather through niacin receptor activation. |
### Instruction:
Is tNF-α depuration a predictor of mortality in critically ill patients under continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration treatment?
### Response:
| The attenuation of inflammatory response may be related to the lower mortality observed on those patients with higher TNF-α removal by CVVHDF. |
### Instruction:
Is interferon gamma involved in apoptosis of trophoblast cells at the maternal-fetal interface following Toxoplasma gondii infection?
### Response:
| The levels of IFN-γ secreted by dNK cells at the maternal-fetal interface were closely correlated with the apoptosis of trophoblasts upon T. gondii infection. The apoptosis of trophoblasts induced by the increase in IFN-γ depended on the caspase pathway, which may contribute to the abnormal pregnancy outcomes that occu... |
### Instruction:
Are senescent retinal pigment epithelial cells more sensitive to vascular endothelial growth factor : implications for `` wet '' age-related macular degeneration?
### Response:
| The present results show that the ability of VEGF to reduce the barrier function of RPE cell layers is greater in high PDL layers, which display signs of senescence, than in low PDL layers. Senescence-induced changes in the responsiveness of RPE cell layers to VEGF could contribute to the pathology of AMD. Agents that ... |
### Instruction:
Does spin-lock MR enhance the detection sensitivity of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles?
### Response:
| By suppression of T1ρ dispersion, iron oxide nanoparticles cause enhanced T1ρ contrast compared to T2 . The underlying mechanism appears to be loss of lock. Spin-lock MR is therefore a promising technique for sensitive detection of iron oxide contrast agents. |
### Instruction:
Does porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide inhibit trophoblast invasion in the presence of nicotine?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that although the direct pathogenic effects of P. gingivalis alone on trophoblast invasion may be limited, concurrent smoking reduces trophoblast invasion into the myometrium and inhibits maternal vascular reconstruction. |
### Instruction:
Do kiss1 mutant placentas show normal structure and function in the mouse?
### Response:
| These data indicate that mouse placentas can develop a normal structure and function without kisspeptin signaling and can support normal fetal development and growth. |
### Instruction:
Is the transcription factor Nrf2 decreased after spontaneous term labour in human fetal membranes where it exerts anti-inflammatory properties?
### Response:
| Nrf2 has an anti-inflammatory effect in human fetal membranes. It is decreased with term labour and preterm chorioamnionitis; and Nrf2 silencing increases inflammation- and infection-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further studies are required to determine if agents that can increase Nrf2 expression may be a potent... |
### Instruction:
Are luminal breast cancer metastases and tumor arousal from dormancy promoted by direct actions of estradiol and progesterone on the malignant cells?
### Response:
| We conclude that hormones promote development of multi-organ macrometastases in luminal disease. The metastases display a disturbing heterogeneity, containing newly emergent ER(-)PR(-) subpopulations that would be resistant to endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. Similar cells are found in luminal metastases of patients... |
### Instruction:
Is long-term outcomes of facial nerve schwannomas with favorable facial nerve function : tumor growth rate correlated with initial tumor size?
### Response:
| Observation was feasible for most FNS with favorable facial nerve function, and growth rate of the tumors was associated with tumor size. |
### Instruction:
Are postural instability , the absence of sexual intercourse in the past month , and loss of libido predictors of sexual dysfunction in Parkinson 's disease?
### Response:
| SD in PD is common and usually occurs with depression. Absence of SI in the past month, PI, and loss of libido are predictors of SD in PD. A simple and quick screening of SD can be routinely performed by inquiring patients about the frequency of SI and the examination of the pull test. Detailed assessment of sexual fun... |
### Instruction:
Is tumor intrinsic subtype reflected in cancer-adjacent tissue?
### Response:
| Specific characteristics of breast cancers are reflected in the surrounding histologically normal tissue. This commonality between tumor and cancer-adjacent tissue may underlie second primaries and local recurrences. |
### Instruction:
Does impaired myocardial oxygen availability contribute to abnormal exercise hemodynamics in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
### Response:
| The current study provides unique data suggesting that the abnormal diastolic reserve observed during exertion in HFPEF patients may, in part, be explained by impaired myocardial oxygen delivery due possibly to microvascular dysfunction. Further studies are required to confirm the structural and functional basis of the... |
### Instruction:
Does miR-32 functions as a tumor suppressor and directly target EZH2 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that miR-32 may act as a tumor suppressor in OSCC and could serve as a novel therapeutic agent for miR-based therapy. |
### Instruction:
Do quercetin and quercetin-3-O-glucoside interact with different components of the cAMP signaling cascade in human retinal pigment epithelial cells?
### Response:
| Results strengthen the diverse effect of the glucosides versus the corresponding aglycones. Since differently from flavonols, anthocyanins are present in human plasma in their glycosylated form, the aglycone or glycoside forms of these plant secondary metabolites might therefore be utilized as synergistic regulators of... |
### Instruction:
Is overexpression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 and phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 associated with poor prognosis in rituximab-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphomas?
### Response:
| Therefore, S1PR1 and S1PR1/pSTAT3 risk-category may contribute to risk stratification in rituximab-treated DLBCLs, and S1PR1 and STAT3 might be therapeutic targets for DLBCL. |
### Instruction:
Is prolonged continuous theta-burst stimulation more analgesic than 'classical ' high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation?
### Response:
| Prolonged cTBS has considerable clinical potential, as it has a shorter treatment duration (by a factor 8) and stronger analgesic effects than the classical high frequency protocol. Studies in patients are required to confirm the potential of this new stimulation paradigm for clinical applications. |
### Instruction:
Do biomarker responses correlate with antibody status in mucopolysaccharidosis type I patients on long-term enzyme replacement therapy?
### Response:
| This study shows that, despite a response of all studied biomarkers to initiation of ERT, some biomarkers were less responsive than others, suggesting residual disease activity. In addition, the correlation of cellular uptake inhibitory antibodies with a decreased biomarker response demonstrates a functional role of th... |
### Instruction:
Does the inhibition of PARP but not EGFR result in the radiosensitization of HPV/p16-positive HNSCC cell lines?
### Response:
| PARP-inhibition effectively radiosensitizes HPV-positive HNSCC cells and may therefore represent a viable alternative to chemotherapy possibly even allowing for a reduction in radiation dose. For the latter, PARP-inhibition may be combined with the inhibition of Chk1. In contrast, the inhibition of EGFR cannot be expec... |
### Instruction:
Does human recombinant apyrase therapy protect against canine pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| Extracellular ATP accumulates in acutely injured canine and human lungs. Strategies that target eATP reduction may help protect lung recipients from IRI. |
### Instruction:
Is intravenous home inotropic use safe in pediatric patients awaiting transplantation?
### Response:
| Outpatient intravenous inotropic therapy can be safely used as a bridge to transplantation in pediatric patients. A minority of patients can discontinue inotropic therapy because of clinical improvement. |
### Instruction:
Is miRNA expression highly sensitive to a drug therapy in Parkinson 's disease?
### Response:
| It is probable that miRNAs are very sensitive to drug therapy and that the effects of therapy observed may be associated with changes in the levels of these miRNAs and their target genes in patients with Parkinson's disease. |
### Instruction:
Do akinetic-rigid and tremor-dominant Parkinson 's disease patients show different patterns of intrinsic brain activity?
### Response:
| Overall, our findings highlight the involvement of default mode network (DMN) and STC circuit both in AR and TD subtypes, but also underscore the importance of integrating mesolimbic-striatal and CTC loops in understanding neural systems of akinesia and rigidity, as well as resting tremor in PD. This study provides imp... |
### Instruction:
Does the combination of astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine ameliorate micro-haemorrhage by maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity in cerebrally ischaemic rats?
### Response:
| Treatment with a combination of astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine alleviated ischaemia-induced micro-haemorrhage transformation by maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. |
### Instruction:
Does hedyotis diffusa Willd extract inhibit the growth of human glioblastoma cells by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis via AKT/ERK pathways?
### Response:
| Induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis played an essential role in antitumor activity of HDW extract in U87 cells, in which ERKs and Akt signaling proteins were also involved. These findings contributed to the feasibility of using HDW extract in glioblastoma treatment and the understanding of the molecular mechan... |
### Instruction:
Does mistletoe alkaloid fractions alleviate carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis through inhibition of hepatic stellate cell activation via TGF-β/Smad interference?
### Response:
| We demonstrate that mistletoe alkaloid fractions decrease extracellular matrix accumulation by inhibiting HSC activation. Mechanistically, this may occur via inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad 2 and Smad 7 signal transduction, thereby blocking the synthesis of procollagen I and TIMP-1. These findings suggest that mistletoe alka... |
### Instruction:
Does extracellular DNA release confer heterogeneity in Candida albicans biofilm formation?
### Response:
| Collectively, these data show that eDNA release by C. albicans clinical isolates is variable and is associated with differential biofilm formation. Digestion of biofilm eDNA by DNase may provide a novel therapeutic strategies to destabilise biofilm growth and improves antifungal sensitivity. |
### Instruction:
Does overexpression of c-fos promote cell invasion and migration via CD44 pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| c-Fos promoted cell invasion and migration via CD44 pathway in OSCC. c-Fos could be used as a potential therapeutic target gene and an additional marker for evaluation of lymph node metastasis. |
### Instruction:
Is increased Cost of Negative Pressure Dressings Justified for Split-Thickness Skin Grafting of Low-Risk Wounds?
### Response:
| There is a high rate of successful healing of STSGs for traumatic extremity wounds regardless of the dressing used. The increased cost of NPDs is not justified in wounds that are at a low risk of developing STSG failure. |
### Instruction:
Is sH2B1 CpG-SNP associated with body weight reduction in obese subjects following a dietary restriction program?
### Response:
| Our results reveal the interaction of epigenetic and genetic variations in CpG-SNPs, especially in BDNF and SH2B1 genes, and how allele-specific methylation may contribute to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms as these SNPs are affecting the decrease of mRNA levels and contributing to a lower body weight reduc... |
### Instruction:
Do follow-up effects of a tailored pre-counseling website with question prompt in breast cancer genetic counseling?
### Response:
| This study shows that pre-counseling education providing tailored information and QP, might lead to improvements in experiences with the counseling and perceived personal control 1 year post-counseling. |
### Instruction:
Does polyethylene glycol improve elution properties of polymethyl methacrylate bone cements?
### Response:
| PEG soluble filler offers a promising method for improving methotrexate drug elution in bone cement. Future studies need to optimize the PEG and bone cement ratio that produces the greatest drug elution profile without sacrificing the biomechanical properties of bone cement. |
### Instruction:
Does supplementing defect in club cell secretory protein attenuate airway inflammation in COPD?
### Response:
| In vitro, rhCCSP exogenous supplementation can reverse CSE-induced IL-8 release in biopsy specimens from patients with COPD, indicating a potential use of this strategy in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does modest hyperglycemia prevent interstitial dispersion of insulin in skeletal muscle?
### Response:
| Hyperglycemia prevents the appearance of injected insulin in the interstitial space, thus reducing insulin action on skeletal muscle cells. |
### Instruction:
Is overexpression of serum sST2 associated with poor prognosis in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure?
### Response:
| Our study showed that serum IL-33 and sST2 were overexpressed in ACHBLF and sST2 might potentially serve as a prognostic marker for it. |
### Instruction:
Are inflammation , psychiatric symptoms , and opioid use associated with pain and disability in patients with cirrhosis?
### Response:
| Pain and disability are common among patients with cirrhosis, and are associated with inflammation, psychiatric symptoms, and opioid use, which potentially are modifiable. Although opioids are used commonly to treat pain, psychiatric symptoms and inflammation also might be treatment targets in this population. |
### Instruction:
Does differential item functioning due to cognitive status impact depressive symptom measures in four heterogeneous samples of older adults?
### Response:
| The depressive symptoms scales in these four studies measured depression in the same way, regardless of cognitive status. This may reduce concerns about using these depression measures in cognitive aging research, as relationships between depression and cognitive decline are unlikely to have been due to item bias, at l... |
### Instruction:
Does hunger motivate reward in women remitted from anorexia nervosa?
### Response:
| Women remitted from AN failed to increase activation of reward valuation circuitry when hungry and showed elevated response in cognitive control circuitry independent of metabolic state. Decreased sensitivity to the motivational drive of hunger may explain the ability of individuals with AN to restrict food when emacia... |
### Instruction:
Does high glucose enhance store-operated calcium entry by upregulating ORAI/STIM via calcineurin-NFAT signalling?
### Response:
| ORAI1-3 and STIM1-2 are ubiquitously expressed in vasculatures and upregulated by high glucose. Increased expression is confirmed in Akita (Ins2(Akita)/J) and STZ diabetic mice and patients. Upregulation mechanism is mediated by Ca(2+)/calcineurin/NFATc3 signalling. High glucose has no direct effects on ORAI1-3 channel... |
### Instruction:
Is the efficacy of abatacept in reducing synovial T cell activation by CD1c myeloid dendritic cells overruled by the stimulatory effects of T cell-activating cytokines?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that the presence of T cell-activating cytokines such as IL-7 or IL-15 in the joints of RA patients reduces the capacity of abatacept to inhibit MDC-driven CD4 T cell activation. This mechanism may be one explanation for the partial, and sometimes absent, response to abatacept therapy in a subse... |
### Instruction:
Are oxidative changes and signalling pathways pivotal in initiating age-related changes in articular cartilage?
### Response:
| A progressive loss of cartilage matrix and cellularity occurs with age. This is accompanied with increased levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis and MMP-13 and a decrease in chondrocyte autophagy. These changes explain the marked predisposition of joints to develop osteoarthritis with age. Computational modelling provi... |
### Instruction:
Is radiation exposure during cardiac catheterisation similar for both femoral and radial approaches?
### Response:
| In our high volume cardiac catheterisation laboratory, radiation doses for routine angiography were near UNSC targets. Patient radiation exposure was comparable between femoral and radial approaches, for both CA and CA +/- PCI. Thus, our results allay concerns that radial cardiac catheterisation might be associated wit... |
### Instruction:
Is frequent electronic media communication with friends associated with higher adolescent substance use?
### Response:
| Electronic media communication was uniquely associated with substance use, predominantly with alcohol use. Thus, adolescents' EMC and other online behaviors should not be left unnoticed in substance use research and prevention programs. |
### Instruction:
Do retinal fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy measures depend on the severity of Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| Unlike conventional techniques, such as OCT, the new technique of FLIO revealed changes in the retina of patients with AD in relation to Alzheimer-specific markers in this pilot study. |
### Instruction:
Is lung aeration on post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging a useful marker of live birth versus stillbirth?
### Response:
| Lung aeration on PMMR appears to have high overall accuracy for confirmation of live birth versus intrauterine foetal death but now requires validating in a larger cohort of perinatal deaths. |
### Instruction:
Does jugular vein distensibility predict fluid responsiveness in septic patients?
### Response:
| IJV distensibility is an accurate, easily acquired non-invasive parameter of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated septic patients with performance similar to PPV. The combined use of IJV distensibility with left-sided indexes of fluid responsiveness improves their predictive value. |
### Instruction:
Does progressive demyelinating neuropathy correlate with clinical severity in Cockayne syndrome?
### Response:
| CS is associated with a progressive sensory and motor neuropathy. Signs of segmental demyelination, including conduction blocks, may not be obvious before the age of 2years. CV slowing is correlated with the CS clinical severity. |
### Instruction:
Does blockade of PD1 and TIM3 restore innate and adaptive immunity in patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis?
### Response:
| Antibacterial immune responses are impaired in patients with AAH. Lymphocytes from these patients express high levels of immune inhibitory receptors, produce lower levels of interferon gamma, and have increased IL10 production due to chronic endotoxin exposure. These effects can be reversed by blocking PD1 and TIM3, wh... |
### Instruction:
Does tectorigenin inhibit the inflammation of LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice?
### Response:
| The results indicated that tectorigenin had a protective effect on LPS-induced ALI in mice. |
### Instruction:
Does short sleep duration increase the risk of chronic kidney disease in shift workers?
### Response:
| Short sleep duration was a risk factor for early CKD but only among shift workers. |
### Instruction:
Does intermittent positive pressure ventilation increase diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure in advanced COPD?
### Response:
| In severe COPD, IPPV increases dPAP and reduces pulmonary pulse pressure during inspiration. |
### Instruction:
Does simulated colonoscopy training lead to improved performance during patient-based assessment?
### Response:
| Single-center study, no formal sample size calculation. |
### Instruction:
Do 6-Thioguanine and zebularine down-regulate DNMT1 and globally demethylate canine malignant lymphoid cells?
### Response:
| These results confirm the demethylating action of 6-TG and Zeb in canine cells which is similar to that shown in human cell lines. Confirmation of this mechanism supports the clinical application of these compounds as demethylating drugs in veterinary patients. |
### Instruction:
Is focal nerve enlargement the cause for increased distal motor latency in ALS : Sonographic evaluation?
### Response:
| Selective conduction slowing of the median nerve at the wrist in ALS is unlikely due to secondary compressive neuropathy, as seen in carpal tunnel syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Is bruxism unlikely to cause damage to the periodontium : findings from a systematic literature assessment?
### Response:
| Despite the scarce quantity and quality of the literature that prevents sound conclusions on the causal link between bruxism and the periodontal problems assessed in this review, it seems reasonable to suggest that bruxism cannot cause periodontal damage per se. It is also important to emphasize, however, that because ... |
### Instruction:
Do oncogenic alterations in ERBB2/HER2 represent potential therapeutic targets across tumors from diverse anatomic sites of origin?
### Response:
| Standard slide-based tests for overexpression or amplification of ERBB2 would fail to detect the majority of activating mutations that occur overwhelmingly in the absence of copy number changes. Compared with current clinical standards, comprehensive genomic profiling of a more diverse set of tumor types may identify ∼... |
### Instruction:
Is small high-density lipoprotein associated with monocyte subsets in stable coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| Small HDL levels are associated with pro-inflammatory NCM and inversely correlated with CM. This may suggest that small HDL could have dysfunctional anti-inflammatory properties in patients with established CAD. |
### Instruction:
Is extracellular pyrophosphate reduced in aortic interstitial valve cells acquiring a calcifying profile : implications for aortic valve calcification?
### Response:
| We showed that PPi and ATP are potent inhibitors of serum-driven calcification of collagen matrix and that their extracellular accumulation is reduced in calcifying VIC. |
### Instruction:
Do effects of locomotion extend throughout the mouse early visual system?
### Response:
| These findings document further, nonmultiplicative effects of locomotion, reaching earlier processing stages than cortex. |
### Instruction:
Do lipid crystals mechanically stimulate adjacent extracellular matrix in advanced atherosclerotic plaques?
### Response:
| The TPEF signal of elastin was increased at the peripheral regions of LCs (<10 μm) compared with foam cell regions. In order to confirm the increase of elastin, biochemical assay (western blot) was performed. The protein level of elastin was increased approximately 2.25-fold (p = 0.024) in LC-rich arteries. Under the h... |
### Instruction:
Is platelet expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 enhanced and associated with cardiovascular prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome?
### Response:
| These findings highlight a potential role of platelet expressed TGF-β1 in ACS and indicate a prognostic value of TGF-β1 on clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Large scale studies are warranted to further evaluate the regulatory mechanisms of platelet TGF-β1 expression- and its prognostic impact... |
### Instruction:
Does tRAIL protect against endothelium injury in diabetes via Akt-eNOS signaling?
### Response:
| These findings indicate a novel role of TRAIL in the protection against vascular injury in diabetes. The protective effects of TRAIL are dependent on the activation of Akt-dependent eNOS signaling. |
### Instruction:
Is muscle strength and functional performance markedly impaired at the recommended time point for sport return after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in recreational athletes?
### Response:
| Muscle strength and functional capacity are markedly impaired in the ACL reconstructed leg of recreationally active people 9-12months post-surgery when compared to healthy matched controls and to their non-injured leg. This suggests that objective criteria rather than "time-since-surgery" criteria should guide return t... |
### Instruction:
Does naja naja atra venom ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress?
### Response:
| The present study indicates that NNAV attenuates LPS- and BLM-induced lung fibrosis. Its mechanisms of action are associated with inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress. The study suggests that NNAV might be a potential therapeutic drug for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Does superoxide dismutase 1 inhibit alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone and ultraviolet B-induced melanogenesis in murine skin?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that SOD1 has an inhibitory effect on α-MSH and UVB-induced melanogenesis, indicating that SOD1 may be a promising sunscreen agent. |
### Instruction:
Does comparative genomics of Lactobacillus crispatus suggest novel mechanisms for the competitive exclusion of Gardnerella vaginalis?
### Response:
| Our pan-genome analysis provides insights into the intraspecific genome variability and the collective molecular mechanisms of the species L. crispatus. Using this approach, we described the differences and similarities between the genomes and identified features likely to be important for urogenital health. Notably, t... |
### Instruction:
Is flow-mediated dilation associated with cardiovascular events in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients?
### Response:
| In AF patients low FMD is associated with increased risk of CVE suggesting that impaired artery dilatation predisposes to atherosclerotic complications. |
### Instruction:
Is absolute change in fasting plasma glucose over 12 months associated with 2-year and 5-year major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with drug-eluting stent implants?
### Response:
| A greater absolute change in FPG over 12 months post-PCI is an independent risk factor for 2-year and 5-year MACE development in DES-implanted patients, especially in the diabetes and statin users. |
### Instruction:
Does vestibular Rehabilitation affect Vestibular Asymmetry among Patients with Fall-Related Wrist Fractures - A Randomized Controlled Trial?
### Response:
| Group sessions with vestibular rehabilitation twice a week for 9 weeks affected the occurrence of vestibular asymmetry positively among patients having vestibular asymmetry. Patients with vestibular asymmetry had more balance deficits and increased postural sway than patients without vestibular asymmetry. Vestibular as... |
### Instruction:
Does regular moderate exercise during pregnancy have an adverse effect on the neurodevelopment of the child?
### Response:
| Our main finding was that regular moderate exercise during pregnancy does not adversely affect neurodevelopment in children. The lower motor scores in the subgroup analyses are probably clinically insignificant, but the lower fine motor scores for boys in the intervention group warrant further research. |
### Instruction:
Do mutations in LZTR1 add to the complex heterogeneity of schwannomatosis?
### Response:
| Our data confirm the relationship between mutations in LZTR1 and schwannomatosis. They indicate that germline mutations in LZTR1 confer an increased risk of vestibular schwannoma, providing further overlap with NF2, and that further causative genes for schwannomatosis remain to be identified. |
### Instruction:
Is akt activation required for TGF-β1-induced osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts?
### Response:
| TGF-β1 could be an inducer or an inhibitor of osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells depending on the state of Akt phosphorylation. Our results indicate that Akt is the molecular switch for TGF-β1-induced osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. |
### Instruction:
Does myocardial infarction accelerate glomerular injury and microalbuminuria in diabetic rats via local hemodynamics and immunity?
### Response:
| Post-MI cardiac dysfunction significantly accelerated glomerular remodeling, podocyte injury and microalbuminuria in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These changes were accompanied by altered local hemodynamics and immunity. |
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