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### Instruction:
Is lifetime history of heroin use associated with greater drug severity among prescription opioid abusers?
### Response:
| A lifetime history of heroin use may be associated with elevated drug severity and unique treatment needs among treatment-seeking PO abusers. |
### Instruction:
Does chemerin induce insulin resistance in rat cardiomyocytes in part through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway?
### Response:
| Chemerin is a novel adipokine that induces insulin resistance in rat cardiomyocytes in part through the ERK1/2 pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is physical domestic violence exposure highly associated with suicidal attempts in both women and men . Results from the national public health survey in Sweden?
### Response:
| In this national survey, prevalence rates of violence exposure were lower than in other studies, but despite this, both women and men exposed to physical DV reported increased odds of having attempted suicide. |
### Instruction:
Does acute high blood glucose level attenuate histamine-stimulated acid secretion in male Wistar rats?
### Response:
| These results show that hyperglycemic state would result in attenuated histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion, while hypoglycemic state would lead to increased histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion. |
### Instruction:
Does sleep in university students across years of university education and gender influence?
### Response:
| Gender and years of university education influence sleep among university students both separately and concomitantly. |
### Instruction:
Does gap junction enhance phototoxicity of photodynamic therapy agent 2- [ 1-hexyloxyethyl ] -2-devinylpyropheophorbide-a ( HPPH )?
### Response:
| GJ enhances the efficacy of HPPH-PDT in U87 and Hela; GJ augments ROS production, which enhances the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the activation of caspase-3, and increases apoptosis in the tumor cells induced by HPPH-PDT. Our findings provide a basis for further development of GJ as a potential predict... |
### Instruction:
Does eLF-test less accurately identify liver cirrhosis diagnosed by liver stiffness measurement in non-Asian women with chronic hepatitis B?
### Response:
| The ELF test less accurately discriminates severe fibrosis or cirrhosis when compared to LSM in our cohort of non-Asian women with CHB. |
### Instruction:
Does traumatic brain injury induce rapid enhancement of cortical excitability in juvenile rats?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that CCI in juvenile rats rapidly induces epileptiform activity and enhanced cortical synaptic bursting. Detection of epileptiform activity early after injury suggests it may be an important pathophysiological component and potential indicator of developing PTE. |
### Instruction:
Does renal BOLD-MRI relate to kidney function and activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive patients?
### Response:
| In patients with hypertension, kidney function relates to medullary R2*-values. Activation of the RAAS is also positively related to the renal R2*-values. |
### Instruction:
Is a homozygous missense mutation in NEUROD1 associated with nonsyndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa?
### Response:
| We identified a potential novel genotype-phenotype correlation between NEUROD1 and nonsyndromic ARRP. Our study supports the idea that NEUROD1 is important for maintenance of the retina function and partial loss-of-function mutation in NEUROD1 is likely a rare cause of nonsyndromic ARRP. |
### Instruction:
Is substitution urethroplasty as successful as anastomotic urethroplasty for short bulbar strictures?
### Response:
| BMG onlay ventral urethroplasty has similar success rates to anastomotic urethroplasty for short bulbar urethral strictures. Due to the relatively fewer complications reported after substitution urethroplasty with BMG, it should be considered the treatment of choice for short bulbar urethral strictures. |
### Instruction:
Does psoralen activate cartilaginous cellular functions of rat chondrocytes in vitro?
### Response:
| The results showed that psoralen promotes cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, as well as increased cartilaginous gene expression, and it may be a useful bioactive component for activating the cartilaginous cellular functions of chondrocytes. |
### Instruction:
Is a polymorphism in interferon L3 an independent risk factor for development of hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment of hepatitis C virus infection?
### Response:
| Based on a retrospective study of patients treated for HCV infection, the IFNL3 rs12979860 CT and TT polymorphisms are associated with a risk for HCC, especially in patients without a SVR. |
### Instruction:
Is arterial stiffness in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease related to fibrosis stage and epicardial adipose tissue thickness?
### Response:
| Patients with NAFLD have an increased arterial stiffness, which reflects both the severity of liver fibrosis and increased EFT values. |
### Instruction:
Does nicotine exposure alter human vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype from a contractile to a synthetic type?
### Response:
| Nicotine has already been reported to promote VSMC migration from the tunica media to atheromatous plaques in the vascular intima. This phenomenon may occur because nicotine directly induces VSMC transformation from contractile type to synthetic-like type via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and G protein-coupled rece... |
### Instruction:
Does a multilocus genetic risk score predict coronary heart disease risk in a Chinese Han population?
### Response:
| A multilocus genetic risk score was associated with CHD risk in a Chinese Han population. This genetic risk score improved the net reclassification but not improved the CHD discrimination. The potential clinical use of this variations remains to be defined. |
### Instruction:
Does gNB3 gene 825 TT variant predict hard coronary events in the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study?
### Response:
| The GNB3 825 TT genotype is a significant and independent risk factor for hard coronary events independent of other established cardiovascular risk factors at a population level in males. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-1 potently contribute to 25-hydroxycholesterol-induced synergistic cytokine production in smooth muscle cell-monocyte interactions?
### Response:
| Taken together, these interactions between local vessel wall cells and invading monocytes may multiply cholesterol-triggered inflammation in the vessel wall, and IL-1 may play a key role in this process. The data also indicate that lower cholesterol levels than expected from monocultures may suffice to initiate inflamm... |
### Instruction:
Is negative BOLD in default-mode structures measured with EEG-MREG larger in temporal than extra-temporal epileptic spikes?
### Response:
| MREG results in an increased sensitivity to detect negative BOLD responses related to focal IED in single patients, with responses often occurring in DMN regions. In patients with high overlap with the DMN, this suggests that epileptic IEDs may be associated with a brief decrease in attention and cognitive ability. Int... |
### Instruction:
Are apolipoprotein c3 gene polymorphisms a risk factor for developing non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease : a meta-analysis?
### Response:
| Our meta-analysis, while not ruling out possible publication bias, showed no association between gene polymorphisms of APOC3 and the risk of NAFLD development in different populations in the world. |
### Instruction:
Are hDL levels and oxidizability during myocardial infarction associated with reduced endothelial-mediated vasodilation and nitric oxide bioavailability?
### Response:
| During STEMI, high HDL-cholesterol is associated with a greater decline in endothelial function. In parallel, structural and functional changes in HDL occur reducing its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. |
### Instruction:
Does heat shock protein 65 promote atherosclerosis through impairing the properties of high density lipoprotein?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that subcutaneous immunization with HSP65 impairs the properties of HDL, which may contribute to its important pathogenic role of HSP65 in atherogenesis. Also, MPO/PON1 ratio may be a predictor of AS. |
### Instruction:
Is paclitaxel , cisplatin and methotrexate combination chemotherapy active in the treatment of refractory urothelial malignancies?
### Response:
| The combination chemotherapeutic regimen of paclitaxel, cisplatin and methotrexate is active in patients with advanced urothelial cancer and warrants further study. |
### Instruction:
Does electrical stimulation of the pontine omnipause area inhibit eye blink?
### Response:
| Although OPN area stimulation inhibits blinks as well as saccades, the mechanisms for inhibiting these behaviors appears to be different. OPNs are known to inhibit saccadic burst neurons, but there is no evidence that these neurons inhibit orbicularis oculi motoneurons which burst for blinks. Moreover, the temporal pat... |
### Instruction:
Does oxatomide reduce inflammatory events induced by allergen-specific conjunctival challenge?
### Response:
| Oxatomide has a protective effect on clinical and cellular early phase reactions and late phase reactions (including ICAM-1 expression on epithelium) induced by allergen-specific conjunctival challenge and is safe and well tolerated. |
### Instruction:
Does beta 1 integrin expression in malignant melanoma predict occult lymph node metastases?
### Response:
| Our study is the first to show a correlation between expression of a molecular marker in the primary cutaneous melanoma and likelihood of regional LN metastases. beta1 immunostaining of 10% or more of tumor area reliably predicts patients most likely to harbor occult LN metastases and likely to benefit from ELND. |
### Instruction:
Does magnetic resonance imaging-derived parameter of portal flow predict volume-mediated pulmonary hypertension in liver transplantation candidates?
### Response:
| OLT candidates exhibit volume-induced pulmonary hypertension with responses suggestive of left ventricular dysfunction. The significance of this observation is unknown, but the MRI-derived parameter, PFI, may serve as a screening technique to limit catheterization to a select group of OLT candidates. |
### Instruction:
Are hepatic heat shock and acute-phase gene expression induced simultaneously after celiotomy in the anesthetized pig?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that hepatic expression of hsp72 is not confined to conditions that lead to prolonged liver ischemia but is also part of the response of the liver to surgery under general anesthesia. Furthermore, these conditions are permissive for the simultaneous RNA expression of the acute-phase reactant alph... |
### Instruction:
Does recombinant-human luteinizing hormone ( r-hLH ) as ovulatory stimulus in superovulated do?
### Response:
| At the studied dose an ovulatory stimulus with r-hLH induced fewer follicles to ovulate than hCG. Recombinant-hLH produced superior embryo morphological quality, a more homogeneous degree of embryo development, and more synchronous embryo transit than hCG. In spite of the larger number of ovulations following hCG, subs... |
### Instruction:
Is natural antipig xenoantibody absent in neonatal human serum?
### Response:
| The absence of cytotoxic natural immunoglobulin M xenoantibodies in the neonate suggests that discordant xenotransplantation may be feasible in the neonate. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary sodium intake modulate systemic but not forearm norepinephrine release?
### Response:
| Under conditions of low sodium intake, systemic norepinephrine spillover was increased but forearm norepinephrine spillover was not, suggesting that alteration in sodium intake may produce a differential effect on norepinephrine spillover in different tissues but that decreased local sympathetic activity in skeletal mu... |
### Instruction:
Do lMP2+ proteasomes are required for the presentation of specific antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes?
### Response:
| Our results show that the LMP2 proteasome subunit can directly influence both MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation and class I surface expression. |
### Instruction:
Is serum more effective than albumin in promoting human embryo development and implantation?
### Response:
| The results suggest that, under certain conditions, serum supplementation yields better results than protein supplementation alone. The latter may be suitable only in conjunction with additional components. |
### Instruction:
Does crystal structure of the superantigen enterotoxin C2 from Staphylococcus aureus reveal a zinc-binding site?
### Response:
| SEC2 appears to be capable of binding to MHC class II molecules in much the same manner as SEB. However, structure-function studies have suggested an alternative binding mode that involves a different site on the toxin. The zinc ion of SEC2 lies within this region and thus may be important for complex formation, for ex... |
### Instruction:
Is flutamide-induced cryptorchidism in the rat associated with altered gubernacular morphology?
### Response:
| These data suggest that androgens play an active role in gubernacular cord regression and gubernacular outgrowth within the fetal rodent. |
### Instruction:
Do androgens inhibit the proliferation of a variant of the human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP?
### Response:
| (1) androgens inhibit the proliferation of R2 cells possibly by introducing a G0-G1 block; (2) this inhibition is incomplete because, at least in part, the R2 cell population is heterogeneous; (3) chronic androgen treatment induces reversible cell adaptation; and (4) there is no evidence that the loss of the classical ... |
### Instruction:
Is kininogen present in rat reproductive tissues apparently synthesized by the liver , not by the reproductive system?
### Response:
| There appears to be little, if any, contribution of local gene expression to the kininogen present in the reproductive tissues. Apparently, the reproductive tract increases uptake of kininogen from plasma as needed. |
### Instruction:
Are breathing frequency and pattern poor predictors of work of breathing in patients receiving pressure support ventilation?
### Response:
| Our data reveal that WOB should be measured directly because variables of the breathing pattern commonly used at the bedside appear to be inaccurate and misleading inferences of the WOB. The clinical implication of these findings involves the traditional and empirical practice of titrating PSV based on the breathing pa... |
### Instruction:
Does radioimmunoguided Surgery system improve survival for patients with recurrent colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| As an intraoperative tool RIGS significantly improves the selection of patients for curative resection. |
### Instruction:
Is gene polymorphism but not catalytic activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in low-risk patients?
### Response:
| Increased ACE activity obviously is not a risk factor of CAD or MI. The importance of the deletion polymorphism for the development of CAD and MI may be restricted to individuals without classic risk factors. |
### Instruction:
Is severely impaired fetal growth preceded by maternal hemodynamic maladaptation in very early pregnancy?
### Response:
| Maternal hemodynamic adaptation in the first weeks of pregnancy is defective in IUGR pregnancies, presumably associated with a concomitant inadequacy of the vascular filling state. |
### Instruction:
Is screening of maternal sera using a mouse embryo culture assay predictive of human embryo development or IVF outcome?
### Response:
| Mouse embryo development in media containing human serum did not predict development of human embryos in vitro or clinical outcome following IVF. There would be little benefit to screening maternal sera using a mouse embryo culture system for determining its suitability for use in human IVF. |
### Instruction:
Is lipid intolerance in newborns associated with hepatic dysfunction but not infection?
### Response:
| Liver dysfunction and fetal growth retardation were associated with lipid intolerance in newborns who received intravenous fat. Infection does not appear to be independently associated with hypertriglyceridemia. In the absence of liver dysfunction or growth retardation, there is no a priori reason to limit intravenous ... |
### Instruction:
Does only one of the two DNA-bound orientations of AP-1 found in solution cooperate with NFATp?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that, through protein-protein interactions, one protein can force another to adopt a single DNA-bound orientation. Thus, cooperative interactions between adjacent regulatory proteins can influence not only the energetics of their interactions with DNA, but also their precise geometric and stereo... |
### Instruction:
Do growth hormone and insulinlike growth factor I enhance host defense in a murine sepsis model?
### Response:
| The immunomodulation produced by administration of GH or IGF-I leads to improved host defense in this murine model of E coli sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrocortisone sodium succinate cross-react with aspirin in aspirin-sensitive patients with asthma?
### Response:
| We conclude that aspirin-sensitive patients with asthma are not preferentially sensitive to hydrocortisone and that hydrocortisone sodium succinate does not cross-react or cross-desensitize with aspirin. |
### Instruction:
Does the myometrium of postmenopausal women produce prolactin in response to human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-subunit in vitro?
### Response:
| Myometrium from postmenopausal women is very responsive to hCG and alpha-subunit. There is a difference in response between tissue obtained from menopausal women and that from women undergoing GnRH-a therapy to achieve a "medical menopause" and reproductive age women. The level of endogenous gonadotropins as well as th... |
### Instruction:
Does naltrexone treatment restore menstrual cycles in patients with weight loss-related amenorrhea?
### Response:
| The present study supports the efficacy of naltrexone therapy for patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea either responsive or nonresponsive to naloxone test. |
### Instruction:
Does cigarette smoking acutely increase platelet thrombus formation in patients with coronary artery disease taking aspirin?
### Response:
| These results suggest that smoking-enhanced platelet thrombosis may be an important contributory mechanism for acute coronary events in smokers that is not prevented by aspirin treatment. Catecholamine release and heightened platelet aggregation response to in vivo agonists may contribute to the prothrombotic effects o... |
### Instruction:
Do three-dimensional fast spin echo T1-weighted imaging of the pediatric spine?
### Response:
| 3D T1W spine imaging with conventional SE-like contrast is feasible with 3D FSE. |
### Instruction:
Is release of platelet plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in whole blood increased in patients with type II diabetes?
### Response:
| Platelets of patients with type II diabetes release significantly more PAI-1 than platelets of healthy subjects at the same level of platelet aggregation. This may contribute to enhanced thrombosis in diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Is reproducibility of the first-phase insulin response to intravenous glucose improved by retrograde cannulation and arterialization or the use of a lower glucose dose?
### Response:
| The intravenous glucose tolerance test is reproducible when performed by the same operator over a short time span. Reproducibility is not significantly improved by sampling from an arterialized, retrograde cannulated, contralateral hand vein. There is no case for changing the present ICARUS protocol to incorporate retr... |
### Instruction:
Do multiple vaginal deliveries increase the risk of permanent incontinence of flatus urine in normal premenopausal women?
### Response:
| These results indicate that repeated vaginal deliveries increase the risk of minor anal and urinary incontinence, which were found to be a common problem in premenopausal women. |
### Instruction:
Does interferon gamma enhance lymphokine-activated killer cell adhesion but not lysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Recombinant human interferon gamma treatment of head and neck SCC cells does increase binding of both LAK cells and PBM cells to tumor cells, in part via the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 ligand mechanism. The cytotoxic effect mediated by LAK cells against head and neck SCC cells is reduced after rHuIFN-gamm... |
### Instruction:
Is evidence that an altered prolactin release consequent to abnormal ovarian activity in polycystic ovary syndrome?
### Response:
| In women with PCOS the abnormal regulation of PRL and presumably of hypothalamic neurotransmitters controlling PRL secretion is not a primary alteration but it is likely dependent on abnormal ovarian functionality. |
### Instruction:
Does recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor enhance in vitro human blastocyst formation?
### Response:
| This study shows that 5 to 20 ng/mL of recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor in standard medium does not enhance in vitro human blastocyst formation. It is possible that recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor may play a role at later stages of human embryogenesis and during implantation. |
### Instruction:
Are elevated tubal perfusion pressures during selective salpingography highly suggestive of tubal endometriosis?
### Response:
| Tubal blockage during initial HSG and elevated tubal perfusion pressures during selective salpingography are highly suggestive of tubal endometriosis. These data are the first evidence that tubal involvement with endometriosis may be more frequent than previously suspected. They also suggest that the performance of a g... |
### Instruction:
Is malignancy the most common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in the era of H2 blockers?
### Response:
| The incidence of malignancy in patients presenting with gastric outlet obstruction is greater than 50%. The etiology of gastric outlet obstruction cannot be predicted by age, history of peptic ulcer disease, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. The endoscopic treatment of gastric outlet obstruction should be app... |
### Instruction:
Is the quality of human embryo growth improved when embryos are cultured in groups rather than separately?
### Response:
| Culturing human embryos in groups enhances the quality of their growth by increasing the cleavage rates and embryo scores. Because pregnancy rates are improved by transferring embryos with higher embryo scores, coculturing human embryos may be a way of enhancing pregnancy rates. |
### Instruction:
Is activation of blood coagulation after cardiac arrest balanced adequately by activation of endogenous fibrinolysis?
### Response:
| Our data clearly demonstrate that there is a marked activation of blood coagulation and fibrin formation after prolonged cardiac arrest and CPR in humans that is not balanced adequately by concomitant activation of endogenous fibrinolysis. These changes may contribute to reperfusion disorders, such as the cerebral "no-... |
### Instruction:
Is primary ventricular fibrillation associated with increased paced right ventricular electrogram fractionation?
### Response:
| In primary VF patients, the individual potentials within fractionated electrograms have increased delays when compared with control patients. This may identify one component of a reentrant arrhythmic substrate. |
### Instruction:
Does hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass delays but prevent neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesion . A clinical study?
### Response:
| Clinical cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with a marked upregulation of the neutrophil CD11b and CD11c integrins. Hypothermia delays but does not prevent the increased expression of these adhesion molecules, which could consequently represent logical targets for interventions designed to blunt the neutrophil-mediat... |
### Instruction:
Is mixed reflux of gastric and duodenal juices more harmful to the esophagus than gastric juice alone . The need for surgical therapy re-emphasized?
### Response:
| Reflux of duodenal juice in gastroesophageal reflux disease is more common than pH studies alone would suggest. The combined reflux of gastric and duodenal juices causes severe esophageal mucosal damage. The vast majority of duodenal reflux occurs at a pH range of 4 to 7, at which bile acids, the major component of duo... |
### Instruction:
Does dopamine compensate for deterioration of hepatic hemodynamics and metabolism during occlusion and reperfusion of the hepatic artery?
### Response:
| Temporary occlusion of the hepatic artery causes deterioration of hepatic hemodynamics and metabolism. Administration of dopamine is an effective way to support hepatic function during occlusion of the hepatic artery. |
### Instruction:
Does phosphatidylinositol transfer protein dictate the rate of inositol trisphosphate production by promoting the synthesis of PIP2?
### Response:
| The predicted function of PI-TP in inositol lipid signalling is the provision of substrate for PLC-beta from intracellular sites where PI is synthesized. We propose that PI-TP is in fact a co-factor in inositol lipid signalling and acts by interacting with the inositol lipid kinases. We hypothesize that the preferred s... |
### Instruction:
Is annexin V localized in association with Z-line of rat cardiac myocytes?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that annexin V is a new component of the Z-line in rat cardiocytes and might be involved in regulation of its organization. |
### Instruction:
Is pronounced elevation in circulating calcitonin in critical care patients related to the severity of illness and survival?
### Response:
| Pronounced elevations in circulating iCT were seen during the first 24 h critically ill patients. As the major part of the iCT consisted of high molecular weight CT this would not induce hypocalcemia. Rather, the elevated iCT would be regarded as a part of the metabolic responses to illness. |
### Instruction:
Is the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum increased among Pacific Islanders living in Wellington?
### Response:
| The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum is significantly increased among Pacific Island women (especially Samoans) living in Wellington and is often associated with abnormalities of thyroid function test results. |
### Instruction:
Does the McCollough effect reveal orientation discrimination in a case of cortical blindness?
### Response:
| These results indicate that at some level in P.B.'s visual system orientation is being coded, but it is at a level that he is unable to use in making orientation judgements or in visuomotor control. Given the massive insult to the extrastriate cortex in P.B., it is likely that the anatomical locus of the mechanisms und... |
### Instruction:
Does magnesium sulfate reduce myocardial infarct size when administered before but not after coronary reperfusion in a canine model?
### Response:
| The data suggest that magnesium infusion during a coronary occlusion has a significant benefit in reducing the IS in this model. Magnesium may have a beneficial clinical role in AMI, especially if administered before reperfusion as a bolus followed by a constant infusion. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic inhibition of endothelium-derived nitric oxide synthesis cause coronary microvascular structural changes and hyperreactivity to serotonin in pigs?
### Response:
| These results indicate that chronic administration of L-NAME caused coronary microvascular structural changes and hyperreactivity to serotonin in pigs in vivo, suggesting an important role of defective NO synthesis in coronary microvascular disorders. |
### Instruction:
Does simplification of emergency department discharge instructions improve patient comprehension?
### Response:
| Simplified written materials may help patients who do not understand current standard materials. Health care providers should simplify written materials to make them understandable to the greatest number of patients. |
### Instruction:
Is pancreatic or liver resection for malignancy safe and effective for the elderly?
### Response:
| Major liver or pancreatic resections can be performed for the elderly with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates and possible long-term survival. Chronological age alone is not a contraindication to liver or pancreatic resection for malignancy. |
### Instruction:
Does restoration of CD44H expression in colon carcinomas reduce tumorigenicity?
### Response:
| Transformation of normal mucosa to colon carcinoma is associated with a down-regulation of CD44H, which consequently may enhance the growth rate and tumorigenicity. |
### Instruction:
Does creatine supplementation in chronic heart failure increase skeletal muscle creatine phosphate and muscle performance?
### Response:
| One week of creatine supplementation to patients with chronic heart failure did not increase ejection fraction but increased skeletal muscle energy-rich phosphagens and performance as regards both strength and endurance. This new therapeutic approach merits further attention. |
### Instruction:
Does clenbuterol induce hypertrophy of the latissimus dorsi muscle and heart in the rat with molecular and phenotypic changes?
### Response:
| Clenbuterol induces significant hypertrophy of the LDM associated with specific changes in cardiac gene expression. |
### Instruction:
Does university of Wisconsin solution preserve myocardial calcium current response to isoproterenol in isolated canine ventricular myocytes?
### Response:
| Hypothermic storage of canine cardiac myocytes in UW solution preserved beta-adrenergic response, which suggests that UW solution during cold storage preserved high-energy phosphates in myocytes that are responsible for Ca2+ channel phosphorylations. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin II augment cytokine-stimulated nitric oxide synthesis in rat cardiac myocytes?
### Response:
| These results indicate that Ang II upregulates IL-1 beta-induced iNOS expression in cardiac myocytes, which is mediated at least partially via activation of protein kinase C. |
### Instruction:
Does the bacterial actin nucleator protein ActA of Listeria monocytogenes contain multiple binding sites for host microfilament proteins?
### Response:
| Our studies reveal the initial interactions that take place between invading Listeria and host microfilament proteins. The listerial ActA polypeptide contains at least two essential sites that are required for efficient microfilament assembly: an amino-terminal 23 amino-acid region for actin filament nucleation, and VA... |
### Instruction:
Does vesnarinone inhibit induction of nitric oxide synthase in J774 macrophages and rat cardiac myocytes in culture?
### Response:
| Vesnarinone inhibited NO synthesis by inhibiting the induction of NOS in J774 macrophages and cardiac myocytes. This drug may exert a beneficial effect in patients with heart failure, in part, by attenuating the production of NO. |
### Instruction:
Is endothelin-1 involved in serotonin-induced coronary spasm in a swine model?
### Response:
| The results of this study suggest that endogenous ET-1 may not be involved in the pathogenesis of serotonin-induced coronary spasm in our swine model. |
### Instruction:
Does hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier preserve submaximal exercise capacity in humans?
### Response:
| Exercise capacity and diffusion capacity were similar after HBOC-201 and autologous transfusion. HBOC-201 resulted in greater oxygen (or uptake) and carbon dioxide production and lower lactate levels compared with autologous transfusion. Under the conditions of the study, the physiologic effects of 1 gm bovine hemoglob... |
### Instruction:
Does drug-induced heat-shock preconditioning improve postischemic ventricular recovery after cardiopulmonary bypass?
### Response:
| The results demonstrate that amphetamine can induce whole-body heat shock that can precondition the heart, enhancing cellular tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Amphetamine is a sympathomimetic drug that may be used for preconditioning. |
### Instruction:
Do hemodynamic effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in severe pediatric respiratory failure?
### Response:
| High-Paw HFOV must be used cautiously, but seems to have no discernible adverse effects on the cardiovascular system in most patients. |
### Instruction:
Does l-deprenyl reduce brain damage in rats exposed to transient hypoxia-ischemia?
### Response:
| The results show that L-deprenyl is effective as a prophylactic treatment for brain tissue when it is administered before hypoxia/ischemia. Mechanisms responsible for the observed protection remain unclear. The regional differences in damage, however, are in accordance with the reported regional increase in superoxide ... |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin II contribute to cerebral vasodilatation during hypoxia in the rabbit?
### Response:
| Because the ACE inhibitor captopril and the angiotensin II receptor blocker saralasin attenuated increased in CBF during hypoxia, the findings suggest that endogenous release of angiotensin II contributes to the increase in CBF during hypoxia. |
### Instruction:
Does aMPA antagonist LY293558 affect the severity of hypoxic-ischemic injury in newborn pigs?
### Response:
| The systemically active AMPA antagonist LY293558, when given at a dose of 5 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg before injury and 10 hours later, does not affect the severity of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in newborn piglets. Neither AMPA receptor activity nor NMDA receptor activity are important in brain injury in this model. |
### Instruction:
Does manipulation of sperm before intracytoplasmic sperm injection improve fertilization rates?
### Response:
| Manipulation of sperm before direct ICSI is not mandatory for fertilization but significantly improves the fertilization rate. |
### Instruction:
Do intracellular calcium measurements in individual human sperm demonstrate that the majority can respond to progesterone?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that most sperm can respond to P. |
### Instruction:
Is endothelial control of arterial distensibility impaired in chronic heart failure?
### Response:
| These data indicate that conduit artery distensibility is increased by acetylcholine and increased blood flow in healthy subjects but not in CHF patients, whereas the effects of adenosine and GTN on distensibility are preserved in CHF patients. This implies that EDRF-mediated increases in distensibility are impaired in... |
### Instruction:
Do clentiazem and diltiazem preserve endothelium-dependent relaxation following global rat heart ischemia?
### Response:
| This study indicated that pre-ischemic infusion of diltiazem and clentiazem enhances endothelium-dependent and -independent coronary artery relaxation following reperfusion in the isolated rat heart model, without affective ventricular hemodynamics, and contributes to preservation of coronary artery autoregulation. |
### Instruction:
Is iGFBP-3 a poor parameter for assessment of clinical activity in acromegaly?
### Response:
| IGFBP-2 has no additional discriminatory value over IGF-1 measurements for the assessment of clinical activity in acromegaly. In acromegaly, IGFBP-3 decreases with increasing age. In acromegaly, IGFBP-3 levels significantly correlate with mean 24-hour GH levels and IGF-I levels. |
### Instruction:
Is intestinal intraluminal continuity a prerequisite for the distal bowel motility response to feeding?
### Response:
| Intestinal continuity is a prerequisite for the distal bowel motility response, indicating that apart from other possible mechanisms, luminal factors are involved in the regulation of intestinal motility. |
### Instruction:
Does perioperative donor bone marrow infusion augment chimerism in heart and lung transplant recipients?
### Response:
| The combined infusion of donor bone marrow and heart or lung transplantation, without preconditioning of the recipient, is safe and is associated with an augmentation of donor cell chimerism. |
### Instruction:
Does presence of severe intimal thickening by intravascular ultrasonography predict cardiac events in cardiac allograft vasculopathy?
### Response:
| This study represents one of the first reports that provides evidence that severe intimal hyperplasia predicts the development of cardiac events even in the presence of a normal coronary angiogram. |
### Instruction:
Does translation and validation of arthritis outcome measure into Spanish?
### Response:
| The availability of these translated outcome measures should enable investigators to include monolingual Spanish-speakers into their studies, and should facilitate study of cross-cultural differences with respect to these specific outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme overproduction indicate interstitial activation in renovascular hypertension?
### Response:
| Besides its usual endothelial expression, ACE is absent from cardiomyocytes and present in interstitial tissue, in the pericoronary spaces in normal tissue and more markedly in hypertrophied ventricles. |
### Instruction:
Is unified Neurological Stroke Scale valid in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke?
### Response:
| The Unified Stroke Scale demonstrates reliability and construct and predictive validity, and its use is supported in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Structural equation modeling is an appropriate technique for use with scales of this type. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelin at pathophysiological concentrations mediate coronary vasoconstriction via the endothelin-A receptor?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrates that low concentrations of exogenous ET-1, which may mimic pathophysiological concentrations, result in coronary vasoconstriction mediated predominantly via the ET-A receptor because such vasoconstriction is significantly attenuated by blockade with FR-139317. The ET-B receptor may have a... |
### Instruction:
Are peptido-leukotrienes potent agonists of von Willebrand factor secretion and P-selectin surface expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Through the induction of vWF secretion and P-selectin surface expression, peptido-LTs are likely to play an important role in the interrelated processes of hemostasis and inflammation. |
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