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### Instruction:
Are measures of postural stability predictors of recovery from large postural disturbances in healthy older adults?
### Response:
| Because recovery following postural disturbances could not generally be predicted from measures of postural stability, these findings suggest that these measures of postural stability are of limited utility in identifying potential anteriorly directed fallers in healthy older adults. |
### Instruction:
Does intra-articular knee joint effusion induce quadriceps avoidance gait patterns?
### Response:
| These adaptations cannot be attributed to an injury, surgery or rehabilitation. Thus, the results of this experiment suggest knee joint capsular distention, via knee joint effusion, may be responsible for many gait adaptations reported for knee injured individuals in previous investigations. |
### Instruction:
Does short term neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy affect prostate specific membrane antigen expression in prostate tissues?
### Response:
| Short term neoadjuvant ADT does not affect PSMA expression in benign prostate secretory-acinar epithelium, high grade PIN, or prostate carcinoma. Prostate carcinoma and high grade PIN express significantly higher levels of PSMA than benign prostate secretory-acinar epithelium. Compared with 7E11, the PM2J004.5 anti-PSM... |
### Instruction:
Does anti-VEGF antibody suppress primary tumor growth and metastasis in an experimental model of Wilms ' tumor?
### Response:
| Anti-VEGF therapy can suppress both primary tumor growth and the establishment of metastases in experimental anaplastic Wilms' tumor. |
### Instruction:
Does a new locus for autosomal dominant congenital cataracts map to chromosome 3?
### Response:
| There are now more than 12 different genetic loci that cause congenital cataracts. The most recent locus to be identified is on chromosome 3q21.2-q22.3, in a family with congenital nuclear and sutural cataracts. |
### Instruction:
Are retinol and retinyl ester epidermal pools identically sensitive to UVB irradiation and anti-oxidant protective effect?
### Response:
| Vitamin A storage in the epidermis comprises two forms, ROL and RE, that do not show similar sensitivity to acute UVB exposure. ROL stores comprise a UVB-resistant (possibly by CRBP) portion and a UVB-sensitive portion that can be protected by anti-oxidants. RE stores do not show such a pattern. |
### Instruction:
Does human interferon-alpha increase immobility in the forced swimming test in rats?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that human IFN-alpha has a greater potential for inducing increase of the immobility in the rat forced swimming test than human IFN-beta and -gamma, and that the effect of human IFN-alpha might not be mediated through IFN-alpha/beta receptors. |
### Instruction:
Is warthin 's tumour an Epstein-Barr virus related disease?
### Response:
| These results indicated that EBV is not involved in the pathogenesis of WT. |
### Instruction:
Does tai chi practice reduce movement force variability for seniors?
### Response:
| Evidence from this study proposes that Tai Chi practice may serve as a better real world exercise for reducing force variability in older adults' manual performance. |
### Instruction:
Is executive control disturbed in schizophrenia : evidence from event-related potentials in a Go/NoGo task?
### Response:
| We conclude that schizophrenic patients exhibit deficient processing in a neuronal network, including left frontal areas, that is involved in later stages of executive control function. |
### Instruction:
Does low-density lipoprotein stimulate mesangial cell proteoglycan and hyaluronan synthesis?
### Response:
| LDL selectively enhances the synthesis of specific PG and HA by mesangial cells. Such effects may contribute to the expansion of the mesangial matrix and modify cell-matrix interactions in lipid-induced renal damage. |
### Instruction:
Does cholesterol feeding activate macrophages to upregulate rat mesangial cell fibronectin production?
### Response:
| Monocytes are systemically activated by high serum cholesterol levels so that following maturation to macrophages they elaborate soluble factors that can stimulate mesangial cell fibronectin production, cell proliferation, and growth factor secretion. Hypercholesterolaemia may therefore accelerate glomerulosclerosis no... |
### Instruction:
Does plasma from women with pre-eclampsia induce an in vitro alteration in the endothelium-dependent behaviour of myometrial resistance arteries?
### Response:
| This study supports the hypothesis that plasma from women with pre-eclampsia is capable of altering endothelium-dependent myometrial relaxation in vessels from pregnant women. |
### Instruction:
Does the combination of propranolol and magnesium prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation?
### Response:
| Adjunctive magnesium sulfate, in combination with propranolol, does not decrease the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation. |
### Instruction:
Do tNF-308A and HLA-DR3 alleles contribute independently to susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| TNF-308A and HLA-DR3 alleles are independent susceptibility factors for SLE. |
### Instruction:
Are presence of antinucleosome autoantibodies in a restricted set of connective tissue diseases : antinucleosome antibodies of the IgG3 subclass markers of renal pathogenicity in systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that IgG antinucleosome is a new marker that may help in the differential diagnosis of CTD; antinucleosome of the IgG3 isotype might constitute a selective biologic marker of active SLE, in particular, of lupus nephritis. |
### Instruction:
Is the progression of lower limb atherosclerosis associated with IgA antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae?
### Response:
| C. pneumoniae infection is associated with the progression of atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does small-dose dopamine increase epidural lidocaine requirements during peripheral vascular surgery in elderly patients?
### Response:
| We tested dopamine, a drug that increases liver metabolism of the local anesthetic lidocaine to determine if it would prevent excessively large amounts of lidocaine in the blood during prolonged epidural anesthesia in elderly patients. Dopamine did not alter the blood levels of lidocaine, but it did increase the lidoca... |
### Instruction:
Is autonomic dysfunction related to impaired pancreatic beta cell function in patients with coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| The data are consistent with the hypothesis that beta cell failure plays a pathogenic role in the development of autonomic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. |
### Instruction:
Does fluvastatin reduce endothelin secretion of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Since endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor which may be associated with the aetiology of cardiovascular diseases, the reduction of its synthesis by fluvastatin may contribute to the beneficial effects of this substance on the cardiovascular system. |
### Instruction:
Does preparation and storage characteristics of white cell-reduced high-concentration platelet concentrate collected by anapheresis system for transfusions in utero?
### Response:
| A standard apheresis PC and an HCP requiring no secondary processing can be collected with the Spectra LRS. The platelet concentration may be determined by clinical need. HCPs meet the requirements for components that are transfused in utero. |
### Instruction:
Does keratinocyte growth factor enhance early gut adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome?
### Response:
| KGF enhances gut growth, differentiation, and gene regulation during adaptation in rat small intestine after massive resection. |
### Instruction:
Does out-of-hospital cardiac arrest increase soluble vascular endothelial adhesion molecules and neutrophil elastase associated with endothelial injury?
### Response:
| As evidence of inflammatory responses in whole-body ischemia and reperfusion, our study demonstrates neutrophil-endothelium interaction with signs of endothelial injury in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. These inflammatory changes may have an important role in post-resuscitation syndrome after human cardi... |
### Instruction:
Do leukemic cells from murine myeloid leukemia display an intrinsic ability for autonomous proliferation?
### Response:
| We propose that clonogenic cells capable of autonomous growth at low cell density represent leukemic progenitors while the majority of leukemic cells derived from these "autonomous" leukemic cells are factor-dependent. |
### Instruction:
Is type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor effective in prevention and treatment of experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis?
### Response:
| Rolipram is effective both in prevention and treatment of experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis. This was associated with a reduction of renal production of TNF-alpha. |
### Instruction:
Do plasma FLT3-L levels predict bone marrow recovery from myelosuppressive therapy?
### Response:
| Elevated plasma FLT3-L in patients who previously received chemotherapy is a predictive measure of the stage of recovery of the bone marrow compartment. FLT3-L seems to identify the likelihood that the patient will experience Grade > or = 3 thrombocytopenia if additional cytotoxic therapy is administered. Knowledge of ... |
### Instruction:
Do multiple pathways of recombination define cellular responses to cisplatin?
### Response:
| We have demonstrated that all of the major recombination pathways are critical for E. coli survival following treatment with cisplatin. Moreover, recombination pathways act independently of NER and are of equal importance to NER as genoprotective systems against cisplatin toxicity. Taken together, these results shed ne... |
### Instruction:
Do self-report measures and scoring protocols affect prevalence estimates of meeting physical activity guidelines?
### Response:
| The type of measure as well as the scoring protocol affected prevalence estimates of meeting the physical activity guidelines. This study indicates the difficulty of comparing prevalence rates across studies using different measures. |
### Instruction:
Does pantoprazole affect cyclosporin A blood concentration in kidney-transplant patients?
### Response:
| Pantoprazole seems to be a safe drug in combination with CyA. |
### Instruction:
Do viscotoxin-free aqueous extracts from European mistletoe ( Viscum album L. ) stimulate activity of human granulocytes?
### Response:
| From these data it is suggested that (1) a non-VT non-ML component of the VAL extracts activated granulocytes and (2) different activation pathways may be involved in the stimulation by the whole plant extract and the VT. |
### Instruction:
Does ischemic preconditioning enhance donor lung preservation in the rabbit?
### Response:
| These data suggest: (1) That 15 min, but not 5 min of transient ischemia prior to pulmonary preservation can significantly reduce edema in the lung graft upon reperfusion, thus improving oxygenation capacity and (2) although not significant, this beneficial effect seems to be slightly better with more repetitive period... |
### Instruction:
Do liver infiltrating T lymphocytes express interferon gamma and inducible nitric oxide synthase in chronic hepatitis C virus infection?
### Response:
| Results are consistent with previous reports that IFN-gamma and iNOS transcripts are elevated in chronic HCV infection. In contrast to the hypothesis, IFN-gamma expressing T cells do not induce iNOS in hepatocytes, but probably in T cells. T lymphocytes expressing IFN-gamma and/or iNOS have the potential to participate... |
### Instruction:
Does in vivo adenovirus-mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene transfer ameliorate lung allograft ischemia-reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer with endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion injury as manifested by significantly improved oxygenation and decreased neutrophil sequestration in transplanted lung isografts. Endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase gene transfer may reduce... |
### Instruction:
Does the free radical spin trap alpha-phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone attenuate the cerebral response to deep hypothermic ischemia?
### Response:
| Reactive oxygen species contribute to the impairment of cerebral recovery that follows deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The use of alpha-phenyl-tert -butyl nitrone before the arrest period attenuates the normal response to ischemia and improves recovery by affording protection from free radical-mediated damage. |
### Instruction:
Do antiphospholipid antibodies affect trophoblast gonadotropin secretion and invasiveness by binding directly and through adhered beta2-glycoprotein I?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that aPL recognition of both anionic PL and adhered beta2GPI on trophoblast cell structures might represent a potential pathogenetic mechanism for defective placentation in women with the antiphospholipid syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin E-TPGS increase absorption flux of an HIV protease inhibitor by enhancing its solubility and permeability?
### Response:
| The solubility of amprenavir was improved in the presence of vitamin E-TPGS through micelle solubilization. Vitamin E-TPGS inhibits the efflux system and enhances the permeability of amprenavir. Overall, vitamin E-TPGS enhanced the absorption flux of amprenavir by increasing its solubility and permeability. The enhance... |
### Instruction:
Are antimyosin autoantibodies associated with deterioration of systolic and diastolic left ventricular function in patients with chronic myocarditis?
### Response:
| Antimyosin autoantibodies are associated with worse development of left ventricular systolic function and diastolic stiffness in patients with chronic myocarditis. |
### Instruction:
Does droperidol lengthen cardiac repolarization due to block of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current?
### Response:
| Potent block of I(K)r by droperidol is likely to underlie QT prolongation observed in patients treated at therapeutic plasma concentrations (10 to 400 nmol/L) of the drug. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelin mediate a component of the enhanced myogenic responsiveness of arterioles from hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| Therefore, in the hypertensive, arteriolar vasomotor responses to changes in intraluminal pressure is due to at least two mechanisms; one that is intrinsic to vascular smooth muscle (i.e., myogenic) and a second that involves an endothelial cell release of endothelin. |
### Instruction:
Is polymorphic tandem repeats in the thymidylate synthase gene associated with its protein expression in human gastrointestinal cancers?
### Response:
| Our results suggest the link between TS genotype and TS protein expression. This link might offer an advantage for selection of patients to receive 5-FU-based chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Does estrogen decrease prostaglandin H synthase products from endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Estradiol acts through a receptor-dependent process to decrease PGHS-dependent products, thus further elucidating this novel effect of estradiol on the vascular system. |
### Instruction:
Does pregnancy induce expression of cPLA2 in ovine uterine artery but not systemic artery endothelium?
### Response:
| cPLA2 was expressed throughout the endothelium and VSM of both uterine and omental arteries, but only in UA endothelium was pregnancy associated with elevated cPLA2 expression. The lack of change in cPLA2 expression with the ovarian cycle or in ovariectomized animals, even after prolonged treatment with E2 beta, P4, or... |
### Instruction:
Is bTA test superior to voided urine cytology in detecting malignant bladder tumours?
### Response:
| BTA test was superior to VUC in detecting BC and its recurrence. The simultaneous use of the BTA test and VUC did not add any information in detecting tumour growth in the bladder as compared to the BTA test alone. |
### Instruction:
Does neuronal nitric oxide synthase mediate halothane-induced cerebral microvascular dilation?
### Response:
| At clinically relevant concentrations, halothane potently dilates intracerebral arterioles. This dilation is mediated, in part, by neuronally derived nitric oxide. Endothelial NOS does not play a major role in halothane-induced dilation of hippocampal microvessels. |
### Instruction:
Does stellate ganglion block modify the distribution of lymphocyte subsets and natural-killer cell activity?
### Response:
| A small but significant alteration in lymphocyte subsets and in NK cell activity by SGB indicates that local sympathetic nerve block may modulate the immune response. |
### Instruction:
Does left-molar approach improve the laryngeal view in patients with difficult laryngoscopy?
### Response:
| The left-molar approach with OELM improves the laryngeal view in patients with difficult laryngoscopy. |
### Instruction:
Do particulate emboli capture by an intra-aortic filter device during cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| The intra-aortic filter can be safely deployed and captures particulate emboli, the predominant origin of which is atheromatous. The beneficial effects of this device on neurologic outcomes have yet to be determined. |
### Instruction:
Does aprotinin preserve myocardial biochemical function during cold storage through suppression of tumor necrosis factor?
### Response:
| Aprotinin preserves myocardial biochemical function during cold storage. This preservation of biochemical function is mediated through suppression of the release, uptake, and activity of tumor necrosis factor alpha. |
### Instruction:
Is a predominant Th1 type of immune response induced early during acute Helicobacter pylori infection in rhesus macaques?
### Response:
| A predominant Th1 type response was induced early during acute H. pylori infection and may contribute to the development of gastric disease. |
### Instruction:
Is clinical phenotype related to HLA genotype in the peripheral arthropathies of inflammatory bowel disease?
### Response:
| These data suggest that the clinical classification into type 1 and type 2 arthropathies describes immunogenetically distinct entities and establish that in polygenic disorders, genes may determine clinical phenotype without conferring overall disease susceptibility (in this case, HLA genes). Type 1 arthropathy is clin... |
### Instruction:
Do the spectrum of ocular inflammation caused by euphorbia plant sap?
### Response:
| These cases illustrate the range of severity of Euphorbia sap keratouveitis. The condition seems to be self-limiting when managed supportively. People who work with Euphorbia plant species should wear eye protection. Clinicians managing keratopathy caused by Euphorbia species should be aware of the danger of sight-thre... |
### Instruction:
Is the pond wider than you think ! Problems encountered when searching family practice literature?
### Response:
| We need to heighten awareness of literature search problems and the potential for duplication of research effort when some of the literature is ignored, and to suggest ways to overcome the deficiencies of the various search engines. |
### Instruction:
Does liver transplant recipient sera derived soluble HLA mediate allele specific CTL apoptosis?
### Response:
| TCR-mediated apoptosis of alloreactive CTL may serve as a mechanism by which sHLA can modulate the immune response. |
### Instruction:
Do addition of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist and/or two inseminations with husband 's sperm improve the pregnancy rate in superovulated cycles?
### Response:
| It is concluded that neither addition of GnRH-a before and during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation nor two AIHs compared with one single AIH per cycle has a beneficial effect on the pregnancy rate. However, GnRH-a increases the risk for multiple pregnancies. |
### Instruction:
Is obesity a risk factor for early pregnancy loss after IVF or ICSI?
### Response:
| Obesity is an independent risk factor for early pregnancy loss. This risk is, in part, related to the lower number of collected oocytes in obese women. |
### Instruction:
Does videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy induce a hemostasis activation of lower grade than does open surgery?
### Response:
| These results indicate that VLPS surgery induces an activation of the clotting system that, although of low degree and short duration, can lead to a transient prothrombotic state. |
### Instruction:
Do novel octaketide macrolides related to 6-deoxyerythronolide B provide evidence for iterative operation of the erythromycin polyketide synthase?
### Response:
| The isolation of novel DEBS-derived octaketides provides the first evidence that an extension module in a modular PKS has the potential to catalyse iterative rounds of chain elongation like other type I FAS and PKS systems. The factors governing the extent of such 'stuttering' remain to be determined. |
### Instruction:
Is persistent occult hypoperfusion associated with a significant increase in infection rate and mortality in major trauma patients?
### Response:
| A clear increase in infections occurred in patients with OH whose lactate levels did not correct by 12 hours, with an associated increase in length of stay, days in surgical/trauma intensive care unit, hospital charges, and mortality. |
### Instruction:
Do skin temperature and skin blood flow affect bioelectric impedance study of female fat-free mass?
### Response:
| Ambient temperature affects Ts and SKBF which in turn influence the BIA measures of R and Xc, especially in the cold ambient temperature; the Guo BIA equation consistently underestimated FFM of young nonobese Chinese women in all temperatures; and the Lukaski equation closely approximates the FFM in the neutral and hot... |
### Instruction:
Is a single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 1 of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated-4 ( CTLA-4 ) associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| No significant evidence was found of an association between RA and CTLA-4. |
### Instruction:
Does carvedilol inhibit reactive oxygen species generation by leukocytes and oxidative damage to amino acids?
### Response:
| We conclude that carvedilol significantly inhibits ROS generation by leukocytes and oxidative conversion of phenylalanine to m- and o-tyrosine. |
### Instruction:
Do stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats lose their ability to auto-regulate cerebral blood flow prior to stroke?
### Response:
| The loss of CBF auto-regulation prior to stroke in SHRsp could enhance cerebral perfusion and facilitate the initiation of haemorrhage. Such dysfunction after stroke could produce secondary haemorrhages. Defects in pressure-dependent constriction cannot fully account for the pattern of CBF auto-regulation loss observed... |
### Instruction:
Does donor treatment with phentolamine mesylate improve machine preservation dynamics and early renal allograft function?
### Response:
| Donor treatment with PM immediately before aortic cross-clamp is associated with improved machine perfusion dynamics (renal flow and renal resistance) and lower incidence of DGF compared with donor treatment with H or no treatment. Moreover, MP of renal allografts was associated with improved early function compared wi... |
### Instruction:
Does bupivacaine inhibit baroreflex control of heart rate in conscious rats?
### Response:
| Bupivacaine, in clinically relevant concentrations, inhibits baroreflex control of heart rate in conscious rats. This inhibition appears to involve primarily vagal components of the baroreflex-heart rate pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does sevoflurane inhibit human platelet aggregation induced by thrombin?
### Response:
| Although sevoflurane has been reported to inhibit human platelet aggregation induced by weak agonists such as adenosine diphosphate, it does not inhibit human platelet aggregation induced by strong agonists such as thrombin. |
### Instruction:
Does nO-aspirin protect from T cell-mediated liver injury by inhibiting caspase-dependent processing of Th1-like cytokines?
### Response:
| Th1-like response induced by con A is mediated by IL-18 and requires activation of multiple caspases. NCX-4016 causes the S-nitrosylation/inhibition of caspases involved in cytokine production. Inhibition of Th1-like response is a new anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of NO-aspirin. |
### Instruction:
Is cyclooxygenase 2 expression increased in the stroma of colon carcinomas from IL-10 ( -/- ) mice?
### Response:
| These results indicate that COX-2 is expressed very early in the pathogenesis of colitis-associated tumors, and that the expression pattern is similar to that seen in tumors from azoxymethane-treated and Min/+ mice. |
### Instruction:
Does alpha-tocopherol supplementation decrease production of superoxide and cytokines by leukocytes ex vivo in both normolipidemic and hypertriglyceridemic individuals?
### Response:
| alpha-Tocopherol differentially influences inflammatory responses of immune cells. These effects of alpha-tocopherol may be relevant in chronic inflammatory processes such as atherogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does local infusion of heparin reduce anastomotic neointimal hyperplasia in aortoiliac expanded polytetrafluoroethylene bypass grafts in baboons?
### Response:
| These results show that local infusion of heparin significantly reduces distal anastomotic neointimal hyperplasia and cell proliferation without measurable systemic anticoagulation or other side effects. Thus, this approach may represent an attractive strategy for prolonging ePTFE bypass graft patency. |
### Instruction:
Does farm environment in childhood prevent the development of allergies?
### Response:
| Childhood farm environment seems to have a protective effect against allergic rhinitis and/or conjunctivitis, and more weakly against asthma and wheezing irrespective of family size. Environmental exposure to immune modulating agents, such as environmental mycobacteria and actinomycetes, favouring manifestation of a no... |
### Instruction:
Do sensory neuropeptides induce histamine release from bronchoalveolar lavage cells in both nonasthmatic coughers and cough variant asthmatics?
### Response:
| Regardless of aetiology, mast cells from patients with chronic cough appear to have an increased responsiveness to CGRP compared with controls. The results of the present study suggest that the role of CGRP in chronic cough should be further investigated. |
### Instruction:
Is the human hand motor area transiently suppressed by an unexpected auditory stimulus?
### Response:
| Auditory stimuli that produced the greatest effect on responses to TMS had the same characteristics as those which yielded the most consistent auditory startle. We suggest that modulation of cortical excitability occurs in parallel with the auditory startle and both may arise from the same region of the brain-stem. |
### Instruction:
Does hypertonic saline resuscitation abrogate neutrophil priming by mesenteric lymph?
### Response:
| HTS not only decreases postshock mesenteric lymph production, it eliminates PMN priming by mesenteric lymph, suggesting a mechanism for the beneficial effects of HTS resuscitation. |
### Instruction:
Do dutch occupational physicians and general practitioners wish to improve cooperation?
### Response:
| As a first step to overcome obstacles to cooperation, OPs must clarify their position to GP colleagues. Initiatives have been taken after presenting this study. |
### Instruction:
Do association of low serum total cholesterol with major depression and suicide?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that low serum total cholesterol appears to be associated with low mood and thus to predict its serious consequences. |
### Instruction:
Does early postnatal dexamethasone increase the risk of focal small bowel perforation in extremely low birth weight infants?
### Response:
| These findings implicate EDP, but not indomethacin, as a significant risk factor for FSBP. |
### Instruction:
Does 2-5A antisense directed against telomerase RNA produce apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells?
### Response:
| The results suggest that 2-5A antisense directed against telomerase RNA results in apoptotic cell death in ovarian cancer cells, but not normal ovarian epithelial cells. The 2-5A antisense strategy may hold a considerable advantage over the conventional antisense approach in targeting cancer-causing genes. |
### Instruction:
Are metalloproteinase levels decreased in symptomatic carotid plaques?
### Response:
| Plaques from patients who present with ischemic neurologic symptoms have decreased proteolytic activity associated with decreased pro-MMP-9 and increased TIMP-2 protein levels. These data suggest that metalloproteinase enzymes are not responsible for plaque instability in the carotid circulation and may in fact promote... |
### Instruction:
Is mouse Ror2 receptor tyrosine kinase required for the heart development and limb formation?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that mRor2 plays essential roles in the development of the heart and in limb/tail formation, in particular cardiac septal formation and ossification of distal portions of limbs and tails. |
### Instruction:
Is a hrs binding protein having a Src homology 3 domain involved in intracellular degradation of growth factors and their receptors?
### Response:
| Hbp is thought to be closely associated with Hrs on early endosomes. Hbp, together with Hrs may play a regulatory role in the vesicular transport of growth factor/receptor complexes through early endosomes, for their degradation. |
### Instruction:
Do systematic lung scans reveal a high frequency of silent pulmonary embolism in patients with proximal deep venous thrombosis?
### Response:
| Regardless of what interpretative criteria are used for assessing lung scans in PE, the frequency of silent PE is 40% to 50% in patients with DVT. A baseline lung scan may easily detect PE in these patients but is not useful for predicting early thromboembolic recurrences that may occur during therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is nifedipine-induced coronary vasodilation in ischemic hearts attributable to bradykinin- and NO-dependent mechanisms in dogs?
### Response:
| These results indicate that the calcium channel blocker nifedipine mediates coronary vasodilation and improves myocardial ischemia through both bradykinin/NO-dependent and -independent mechanisms. |
### Instruction:
Is ascorbate depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation : a study in male smokers and nonsmokers with matched dietary antioxidant intakes?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that previous reports of lower concentrations of plasma vitamin E and carotenoids in smokers than in nonsmokers may primarily have been caused by differences in dietary habits between study groups. Plasma ascorbic acid was depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation. |
### Instruction:
Does acute inhibition of oestrogen biosynthesis affect serum leptin levels in young men?
### Response:
| Marked short-term reduction in serum oestradiol concentration has no effect on serum leptin levels in young men. |
### Instruction:
Is antral gastric permeability to antigens in mice altered by infection with Helicobacter felis?
### Response:
| The results suggest that during H. felis infection, bacterial colonization and inflammation lead to an increased gastric permeability along the direct and degradative pathways, respectively. Such an increased antigenic load could contribute to the perpetuation of gastric inflammation after bacterial eradication, and po... |
### Instruction:
Does the enhanced peroxidase one step method increase sensitivity for detection of Ki-67 in pituitary tumours?
### Response:
| It appears that the EPOS system is not only more convenient but may be more sensitive than traditional techniques for detecting Ki-67 in the nuclei of cells, thus demonstrating more accurately which cells have entered the cell cycle. |
### Instruction:
Is intracavernous alprostadil alfadex more efficacious , better tolerated , and preferred over intraurethral alprostadil plus optional actis : a comparative , randomized , crossover , multicenter study?
### Response:
| Since intracavernous injection therapy was more efficacious, better tolerated, and preferred by the patients and their partners, it should be offered as the first-choice treatment if oral therapy fails or is contraindicated. |
### Instruction:
Are actinomycin D and staurosporine , potent apoptosis inducers in vitro , potentially effective chemotherapeutic agents against glioblastoma multiforme?
### Response:
| Actinomycin D and staurosporine and their derivatives are potentially effective chemotherapeutic agents against glioblastoma cells at least in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Do etiology and surgical management of horizontal pontine gaze palsy with ipsilateral esotropia?
### Response:
| Ophthalmologists should recognize that concurrent esotropia may occur in patients with horizontal pontine gaze palsy. Single binocular vision in the primary position, an expanded binocular visual field, and alleviation of a compensatory head position are achievable with strabismus surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does peptide YY augment gross inhibition by vitamin E succinate of human pancreatic cancer cell growth?
### Response:
| PYY and vitamin E both inhibit growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro with a significant increase in effect when used in combination. |
### Instruction:
Does a clinical pathway for inguinal hernia repair reduce hospital admissions?
### Response:
| We conclude that institution of a clinical pathway for inguinal herniorrhaphy decreased hospital admissions. The reasons for this decrease are probably multifactorial and include improvements in physician and staff awareness. The decrease in unnecessary admissions should result in more efficient use of hospital resourc... |
### Instruction:
Does a Jamaican psychiatrist evaluate diagnoses at a London psychiatric hospital?
### Response:
| Agreement between the Jamaican psychiatrist and his UK counterparts about which patients had schizophrenia was poor. PSE CATEGO may overestimate rates of schizophrenia. |
### Instruction:
Is oral ketamine/midazolam superior to intramuscular meperidine , promethazine , and chlorpromazine for pediatric cardiac catheterization?
### Response:
| Oral medication can be superior to IM injections for sedating children with congenital heart disease; however, the safety of all medications remains an issue. |
### Instruction:
Does cholesterol reduction improve myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients with coronary artery disease and average cholesterol levels?
### Response:
| Reducing cholesterol levels with pravastatin in patients with CAD improves myocardial perfusion during dipyridamole stress thallium-201 SPECT. |
### Instruction:
Is alcohol deprivation effect prolonged in the alcohol preferring ( P ) rat after repeated deprivations?
### Response:
| Equivalent robust ADEs can be seen in P rats with deprivation periods of 2-8 W, which suggests that the ADE has a rapid onset and is not affected by the durations of deprivation that were tested. The duration of the ADE was prolonged in P rats exposed to a second deprivation period, suggesting that factors associated w... |
### Instruction:
Does recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 induce an anabolic response in malnourished CAPD patients?
### Response:
| Injections of rhIGF-1 induce a strong and sustained anabolic effect, as indicated by a positive nitrogen balance in CAPD patients with protein-energy malnutrition. rhIGF-1 administration may be an effective method for treating malnutrition in maintenance dialysis patients. |
### Instruction:
Does helianthus tuberosus lectin reveal a widespread scaffold for mannose-binding lectins?
### Response:
| The structure of Heltuba, which is the prototype for an extended family of mannose-binding agglutinins, shares the carbohydrate-binding site and beta-prism topology of its galactose-binding counterparts jacalin and Maclura pomifera lectin. However, the beta-prism elements recruited to form the octameric interface of He... |
### Instruction:
Are cA 19-9 and CEA unreliable markers for cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis?
### Response:
| Tumor markers as a diagnostic tool in diagnosing CC in patients with PSC are unfortunately not as valuable as previously reported. The serum levels of CA 19-9 can rise temporarily in association with a "biochemical relapse" of PSC (increased values of serum alkaline phosphatase). The marker product of CA 19-9 and CEA h... |
### Instruction:
Are cultivated H-RS cells resistant to CD95L-mediated apoptosis despite expression of wild-type CD95?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that the two H-RS cell lines L1236 and L428 are resistant to CD95-mediated apoptosis induced via CD95L, although wild-type CD95 is expressed. For further characterization of the mechanisms leading to prevention of apoptotic cell death in H-RS cells, it is necessary to determine impairments within t... |
### Instruction:
Does flavone-8-acetic acid ( Flavonoid ) profoundly reduce platelet-dependent thrombosis and vasoconstriction after deep arterial injury In vivo?
### Response:
| FAA markedly reduced platelet deposition, mural thrombi, and injury-induced vasoconstriction after deep arterial injury, suggesting that a major inhibition of platelet glycoprotein Ibalpha may be beneficial therapy. |
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