question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
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### Instruction:
Does the R620W polymorphism in PTPN22 confer general susceptibility for the development of alopecia areata?
### Response:
| Our results suggest the R620W variant of PTPN22 as a general risk factor in AA with the strongest effect observed among patients with a severe type of AA, a positive family history or an early onset of disease. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated ghrelin level in women of normal weight with amenorrhea related to disordered eating?
### Response:
| Elevated EAT scores associated with high ghrelin level may represent dietary behaviors that perpetuate reproductive dysfunction. Thus ghrelin may act as a restraining metabolic signal preventing a return to cyclicity in women with disordered eating and of normal weight and body fat. |
### Instruction:
Is dual renin-angiotensin blockage and total embryo cryopreservation a risk-free strategy in patients at high risk for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?
### Response:
| Dual RAS blockage with total embryo cryopreservation is a relatively new strategy that was proposed for use in patients at high risk for OHSS. It should be stressed that complete elimination of the syndrome is not possible with this treatment. Subsequent pregnancy rates with the transfer of frozen-thawed embryos are hi... |
### Instruction:
Does leukotriene D ( 4 ) induce gene expression in human monocytes through cysteinyl leukotriene type I receptor?
### Response:
| Our data show that CysLTs acting through CysLTR(1) can significantly influence the activation and migration of human monocytes and that these effects can be fully inhibited by CysLTR(1) antagonists. |
### Instruction:
Are genetic variations in the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor gene ( HTR2A ) associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| In our study, genetic polymorphisms at the HTR2A gene are associated with susceptibility for RA, suggesting possible links between the serotonergic system and development of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does expression of transglutaminase 2 differentiate focal myositis from generalized inflammatory myopathies?
### Response:
| Our study demonstrates the presence of TG2 in FM muscles. The study suggests that TG2 expression does not represent a distinctive marker to differentiate FM from generalized IIM. TG2 over-expression in inflamed skeletal muscle does not seem have a pathogenetic role in such a disease, but it could represent a way to con... |
### Instruction:
Is metformin effective in achieving biochemical response in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) not responding to lifestyle interventions?
### Response:
| Metformin is effective to achieve biochemical response in patients with NAFLD who do not respond to lifestyle interventions and UDCA. |
### Instruction:
Is cytochrome P450 2C19 loss-of-function polymorphism , but not CYP3A4 IVS10 + 12G/A and P2Y12 T744C polymorphisms , associated with response variability to dual antiplatelet treatment in high-risk vascular patients?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the *2 CYP2C19 allele is associated with higher platelet aggregability and RPR in high-risk vascular patients on dual antiplatelet treatment. These findings can have a significant impact on the future design of pharmacogenetic antiaggregant strategies for high-risk vasc... |
### Instruction:
Do preclinical evidence that sildenafil and vardenafil activate chloride transport in cystic fibrosis?
### Response:
| Our results provide preclinical evidence that both drugs stimulate chloride transport activity of F508del-CFTR protein. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Hepatitis B surveillance in the Netherlands , 2002-2005 : acute infection mainly via sexual contact while chronic infection is via vertical transmission through mothers from endemic regions ]?
### Response:
| Sexual contact was the most important risk factor for the transmission of acute HBV infections, whereas vertical transmission was the greatest risk factor by far for chronic HBV infection. Transmission via heterosexual contact had become increasingly important in the transmission of acute HBV; transmission by homo- or ... |
### Instruction:
Is higher overcommitment to work associated with lower norepinephrine secretion before and after acute psychosocial stress in men?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest blunted increases in norepinephrine following stress with increasing OC potentially mirroring blunted stress reactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. |
### Instruction:
Does rigorous development ensure that guidelines are acceptable to a panel of knowledgeable providers?
### Response:
| Despite very rigorous development methods compared with guidelines assessed in prior studies, experts felt that these guidelines omitted common clinical situations and contained much content of uncertain validity. Guideline acceptability should be independently and formally evaluated before dissemination. |
### Instruction:
Does rate of delivery of hyperbaric oxygen treatments affect response in soft tissue radionecrosis?
### Response:
| Soft tissue radionecrosis of the gastrointestinal tract or bladder is (1) effectively treated with hyperbaric oxygen, (2) has a higher response rate if at least 30 treatments are administered, and (3) is equally responsive to rates of hyperbaric treatment ranging from 3 or fewer to 7 or more treatments per week. |
### Instruction:
Does 4-Methylumbelliferone inhibit hyaluronate synthesis in human uterine cervical fibroblasts?
### Response:
| MU inhibits the synthesis of hyaluronate in human uterine cervical fibroblasts. |
### Instruction:
Does semen quality remain stable during 96 weeks of untreated human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection?
### Response:
| Prolonged exposure to asymptomatic, untreated HIV-1 infection does not affect semen quality. These findings should be reassuring for untreated men infected with HIV-1 who wish to father a child, and they also provide relevant background information for studies investigating the potential effect of antiretroviral therap... |
### Instruction:
Does behavioral comorbidity differ in subtypes of enuresis and urinary incontinence?
### Response:
| Different subtypes of enuresis and urinary incontinence demonstrate differences in behavioral problems and psychiatric comorbidity. The highest rates of psychiatric comorbidity were found in the group of children with voiding postponement and the lowest were in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. We recom... |
### Instruction:
Does a saddle-shaped annulus reduce systolic strain on the central region of the mitral valve anterior leaflet?
### Response:
| The strain in the central region of the anterior leaflet is reduced with increasing annular saddle curvature. Decreased leaflet strain and associated stress might improve mitral valve repair durability. |
### Instruction:
Is cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with NKG2D polymorphisms?
### Response:
| Our results show that genetic variants of the NKG2D receptor are associated with development of CCA in PSC patients. This suggests that interaction between NKG2D and MICA is involved in protection against CCA in PSC. Patients who are homozygous for the nonrisk alleles are unlikely to develop CCA; this finding could be ... |
### Instruction:
Do cochlear implant speech processor frequency allocations may influence pitch perception?
### Response:
| These results suggest that over time, pitch sensations may be determined more by the implant map than by cochlear location. In other words, the brain may adapt to spectral mismatches by remapping pitch. Furthermore, patients can perform well with shifted frequency allocations for speech recognition. The successful appl... |
### Instruction:
Does mas deficiency in FVB/N mice produce marked changes in lipid and glycemic metabolism?
### Response:
| These results show that Mas deficiency in FVB/N mice leads to dramatic changes in glucose and lipid metabolisms, inducing a metabolic syndrome-like state. |
### Instruction:
Does the skin-traction method increase the cross-sectional area of the internal jugular vein by increasing its anteroposterior diameter?
### Response:
| This method significantly increased the cross-sectional area of the RIJV by increasing the anteroposterior diameter of the RIJV. Even in the flat position, this method was almost as efficacious as the Trendelenburg position. This method thus appears to facilitate IJV cannulation. |
### Instruction:
Is aldosterone-mediated apical targeting of ENaC subunits blunted in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus?
### Response:
| The data demonstrate that diabetic kidneys have a reduced sensitivity to the anti-natriuretic action of elevated plasma aldosterone levels with no relative increase in ENaC subunit apical targeting, whereas there is increased expression of beta- and gamma-ENaC, which alone may play a role in the increased sodium reabso... |
### Instruction:
Do natural killer cell alterations correlate with loss of renal function and dialysis duration in uraemic patients?
### Response:
| This study is the first to associate decrease in renal function with selective fading of NK cell number and identify haemodialysis duration as a factor influencing NK cell function. It further shows that lower cell counts rather than intrinsic NK cell dysfunction per se characterize immune disorders in HD. |
### Instruction:
Are concentrations of persistent organochlorine compounds in human milk and placenta higher in Denmark than in Finland?
### Response:
| The organochlorine levels were higher in Danish, than in Finnish, samples, suggesting a higher exposure for Danish infants. |
### Instruction:
Do chronic non-malignant pain patients report as poor health-related quality of life as palliative cancer patients?
### Response:
| CNMP patients admitted to multidisciplinary pain centres report significantly reduced HRQoL, in addition to severe pain. They consider their HRQoL to be as poor as HRQoL reported from dying cancer patients and substantially poorer than national norms. Factors other than the biological severity of the disease seem to be... |
### Instruction:
Does posttraumatic secondary brain insults exacerbate neuronal injury by altering metabotropic glutamate receptors?
### Response:
| The results suggest posttraumatic SBI may exacerbate neuronal injury or brain injury by altering expression of mGluRs, and more emphasis should therefore be put on the prevention and treatment of SBI. |
### Instruction:
Is the prognostic value of the suPARnostic ELISA in HIV-1 infected individuals affected by uPAR promoter polymorphisms?
### Response:
| Plasma suPAR levels, as measured by the suPARnostic(R) assay, were strongly predictive of survival in ART-naïve HIV-1 infected patients. Furthermore, plasma suPAR levels were not influenced by uPAR promoter polymorphisms. |
### Instruction:
Does oestrogen mediate the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells via an oestrogen receptor-ERK pathway?
### Response:
| Oestrogen stimulates proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, associated with increase in Bcl-2 and decrease in Bax levels in an ERK1/2-related pathway. Imbalance between ERalpha and ERbeta may contribute to thyroid carcinogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase potentiate apoptotic cell death in response to carboplatin in B lymphoma cells?
### Response:
| Prolonged activation of JNK1 appears to be involved in CBDCA-induced apoptosis with prevention of necrosis induction, and the induction of necrosis appears to correlate with CBDCA-induced O(2) (-) production, which is partially blocked by co-culture with BHA. These observations provide valuable information for understa... |
### Instruction:
Does recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma have an increased risk of subsequent recurrence after curative treatment?
### Response:
| Hepatocellular carcinoma at second or later recurrence is three times as prone to subsequent recurrence as is primary HCC, when compared with adjustment for other tumor and hepatic factors. |
### Instruction:
Do farnesoid x receptor ligands inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell inflammation and migration?
### Response:
| Our observations suggest that a FXR-SHP pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for vascular inflammation, remodeling, and atherosclerotic plaque stability. |
### Instruction:
Does s-nitroso human serum albumin reduce ischaemia/reperfusion injury in the pig heart after unprotected warm ischaemia?
### Response:
| Long-lasting release of NO by S-NO-HSA prevented uncoupling of eNOS and thereby improved systolic and diastolic function, myocardial perfusion, and the energetic reserve of the heart after I/R injury. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of calcium-independent phospholipase A impair agonist-induced calcium entry in keratinocytes?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate for the first time an important role for iPLA(2) in regulating ACE in primary human keratinocytes. |
### Instruction:
Is circumferential margin involvement the crucial prognostic factor after multimodality treatment in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma?
### Response:
| Assessment of CRM involvement is the most important pathologic variable after radiochemotherapy. Although tumor regression increases the chance on a free CRM, in cases with positive resection margins prognosis is poor irrespective of the degree of therapy-induced regression. |
### Instruction:
Do distribution patterns of dendritic cells and T cells in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas correlate with prognoses?
### Response:
| In DLBCL, the presence of baseline antitumor immune response is associated with favorable clinical outcome, and thus adjuvant T-cell immunotherapy may further boost treatment responses. |
### Instruction:
Do matrix metalloproteinase single-nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes predict breast cancer progression?
### Response:
| These results suggest that MMP single-nucleotide polymorphisms influence breast cancer behavior and that the MMP-1 2G/2G genotype increases the risk of lymph node metastasis and predicts poor prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Does patterns and correlate of multiple risk behaviors in overweight women?
### Response:
| Nearly 80% of the sample had multiple lifestyle risk behaviors. Poor dietary behaviors were present in all of the most prevalent risk behavior combinations. Lower socioeconomic and educational status and family and employment obligations characterize overweight and obese women with unhealthy activity and dietary behavi... |
### Instruction:
Does purgative bowel cleansing combined with simethicone improve capsule endoscopy imaging?
### Response:
| Purgative bowel cleansing combined with simethicone before CE improved the quality of imaging of the entire small bowel as well as the visualization of the mucosa in the proximal and distal small intestine. |
### Instruction:
Is high hepatitis C viral load associated with insulin resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that higher HCV RNA levels are associated with the presence of IR in CHC patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the interplays between HCV infection, IR and adiponectin in an attempt to develop new adjuvant therapy for CHC. |
### Instruction:
Does kAI1 gene suppress invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97-H cells in vitro and in animal models?
### Response:
| The KAI1 gene plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of human HCC and its upregulation in HCC cells suppresses their invasive and metastatic abilities. KAI1 gene functioned as a metastasis inhibitor by regulating the HCC cell biophysical behaviours including aggregation, adhesion, motility and visco-ela... |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase protect pancreatic beta-cells from cytokine-mediated apoptosis and CD8+ T-cell-induced cytotoxicity?
### Response:
| Inhibition of AMPK activity enhances islet survival in the face of assault by either cytokines or T-cells. AMPK may therefore represent an interesting therapeutic target to suppress immune-mediated beta-cell destruction and may increase the efficacy of islet allografts in type 1 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Does promoter analysis of intestinal genes induced during iron-deprivation reveal enrichment of conserved SP1-like binding sites?
### Response:
| SP1 or a closely related factor may play a primary role in the genetic response to iron-deficiency in the mammalian intestine. |
### Instruction:
Is obesity in Swedish schoolchildren increasing in both prevalence and severity?
### Response:
| Nationally representative longitudinal BMI data for two cohorts, in which nonresponse bias is minimized, permitted monitoring and revealed a nationwide strongly positive secular change in BMI in Sweden, over a period of 8 years for individuals aged 7-18 years. |
### Instruction:
Is neuroprotection by sodium ferulate against glutamate-induced apoptosis mediated by ERK and PI3 kinase pathways?
### Response:
| The results indicate that PI3K/Akt/p70S6K and the MEK/ERK signaling pathways play important roles in the protective effect of SF against glutamate toxicity in cortical neurons. |
### Instruction:
Does primary cutaneous melanoma with regression require a lower threshold for sentinel lymph node biopsy?
### Response:
| The presence of histological RG in a primary melanoma predicts neither SLN positivity when stratified by Breslow depth nor increased risk of recurrence when compared with melanomas with NRG. |
### Instruction:
Does west Bank barrier decrease access to schools and health services?
### Response:
| The Barrier may have long-term effects on access and utilization of health and educational services among Palestinians in the northern West Bank. |
### Instruction:
Does conversion to sirolimus as primary immunosuppression attenuate the progression of allograft vasculopathy after cardiac transplantation?
### Response:
| Substituting CNI with SRL as primary immunosuppression attenuates cardiac allograft vasculopathy progression. |
### Instruction:
Is nF-kappaB a key mediator of cerebral aneurysm formation?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that NF-kappaB plays a crucial role as a key regulator in the initiation of CA development by inducing some inflammatory genes related to macrophage recruitment and activation. NF-kappaB may represent a therapeutic target of a novel medical treatment for CA. |
### Instruction:
Does aberrant methylation of p16 predict candidates for 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy in gastric cancer patients?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrated for the first time that gastric cancer patients with p16INK4a methylation specifically benefit from 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Do hubs with network motifs organize modularity dynamically in the protein-protein interaction network of yeast?
### Response:
| By virtue of network motifs, we basically solved the open question about 'party hubs' and 'date hubs' which was raised by previous studies. Specifically, at the level of network motifs instead of individual proteins, we found two types of hubs, motif party hubs (mPHs) and motif date hubs (mDHs), whose network motifs di... |
### Instruction:
Is sensorimotor integration abnormal in asymptomatic Parkin mutation carriers : a TMS study?
### Response:
| The relative decrease in sensorimotor inhibition may be a direct consequence of the Parkin mutation or represent adaptive changes at the cortical level in response to a subcortical dysfunction, but is not caused by motor symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Does electro-acupuncture of Tsusanli and Shangchuhsu regulate gastric activity possibly through mediation of the vagus-solotary complex?
### Response:
| Our study suggests that this electroacupuncture regulation of gastric activity may partially depend upon integrated nerve pathway and related central neurons and astrocytes in the vagus-solitary complex. |
### Instruction:
Is gEMOX-R regimen a highly effective salvage regimen in patients with refractory/relapsing diffuse large-cell lymphoma : a phase II study?
### Response:
| GEMOX-R is a new salvage regimen for DLCL with high activity and relatively safe toxicity profile, which can be offered to elderly patients not candidates of ASCT consolidation. The high efficacy of the regimen in this unfavorable population and also in immunocompromised situations warrant further investigation of this... |
### Instruction:
Does systematic follow-up increase incidence of anaphylaxis during adverse reactions in anesthetized patients?
### Response:
| Systematic follow-up of patients with unexplained reactions during anesthesia increases the estimated incidence of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions during anesthesia by 50%. |
### Instruction:
Does variability in post-pacing intervals predict global atrial activation pattern during tachycardia?
### Response:
| Our data support the use of PPIV to rapidly and accurately predict the global activation pattern during atrial arrhythmia. |
### Instruction:
Does selective inhibition of platelets by the GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist Tirofiban reduce leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in murine antigen-induced arthritis?
### Response:
| Selective platelet inhibition by Tirofiban resulted in reduced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in AiA. Consequently, platelets contribute to leukocyte adhesion in AiA via GPIIb/IIIa and therefore platelet inhibition could become an additional therapy option in chronic arthritic disease. |
### Instruction:
Does ultrasound facilitate minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in patients lacking definitive localization from preoperative sestamibi scan?
### Response:
| In patients with nonlocalizing sestamibi scans, neck ultrasound increases the number of patients suitable for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. |
### Instruction:
Do comorbidities play a larger role in predicting health-related quality of life compared to having an ostomy?
### Response:
| High comorbidity significantly influences low HR-QOL and impacted more domains than having an ostomy. |
### Instruction:
Do patterns of exogenous insulin requirement reflect insulin sensitivity changes in trauma?
### Response:
| Diurnal patterns in blood glucose and insulin requirement mirror those of healthy subjects and may reflect persistence of normal variability in insulin activity. The 5-hour offset in peaks and troughs is suggestive of complex interplay between insulin availability and receptor sensitivity. The insulin requirement to bl... |
### Instruction:
Does the metastatic lymph node ratio predict survival in colon cancer?
### Response:
| This study showed the prognostic significance of ratio-based staging for colon cancer and may aid in future staging systems. |
### Instruction:
Does direct intramyocardial injection of mesenchymal stem cell sheet fragments improve cardiac functions after infarction?
### Response:
| The MSC sheet fragments may serve as a cell delivery vehicle by providing a favourable ECM environment to retain the transplanted cells and improve the efficacy of therapeutic cell transplantation. |
### Instruction:
Does nitric oxide regulate vascular calcification by interfering with TGF- signalling?
### Response:
| Our data show that NO prevents differentiation of VSMCs into osteoblastic cells by inhibiting TGF-beta signalling through a cGMP-dependent pathway. Our findings suggest that NO may play a beneficial role in atherogenesis in part by limiting vascular calcification. |
### Instruction:
Does pressure-induced cardiac overload induce upregulation of endothelial and myocardial progenitor cells?
### Response:
| Pressure-induced myocardial hypertrophy leads to upregulation of systemic EPCs, increased extra-cardiac angiogenesis, and upregulation of intra-myocardial bone marrow-derived endothelial and myocyte precursor cells. The data show that afterload-dependent regulation of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells contributes to... |
### Instruction:
Is nHE-1 inhibition-induced cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion associated with attenuation of the mitochondrial permeability transition?
### Response:
| The beneficial effect of NHE-1 inhibition in hearts subjected to IR is associated with attenuation of mitochondrial PTP opening and apoptosis and the resultant mitochondrial dysfunction. The effect of AVE on PTP opening most likely is indirect, as pore opening was not affected by direct administration of AVE to mitocho... |
### Instruction:
Does collagen fiber and versican distribution within the lamina propria of fetal vocal fold?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that collagen and versican distribution and arrangement within the lamina propria in the developing fetus are important for vocalization at birth. |
### Instruction:
Is s100B-immunopositive glia elevated in paranoid as compared to residual schizophrenia : a morphometric study?
### Response:
| Our study reveals distinct histological patterns of S100B immunoeactive glia in two schizophrenia subtypes. This may be indicative of a heterogenic pathophysiology or distinct compensatory abilities: Astro-/oligodendroglial activation may result in increased cellular S100B in paranoid schizophrenia. On the contrary, re... |
### Instruction:
Does induction and emergence behavior of children undergoing general anesthesia correlate with maternal salivary amylase activity before the anesthesia?
### Response:
| Induction and emergence behaviors of children undergoing general anesthesia significantly correlated with their respective maternal salivary amylase activity during the pre-anesthetic period. |
### Instruction:
Does mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 mediate temperature heterogeneity in atherosclerotic plaques?
### Response:
| Our findings provide evidence that temperature heterogeneity in atherosclerotic plaques is at least in part attributed to UCP2 expression in macrophages. The heat generated might be used to detect unstable, macrophage-rich, atherosclerotic plaques via thermography. |
### Instruction:
Is alendronate with calcium and vitamin D supplementation safe and effective for the treatment of decreased bone mineral density in HIV?
### Response:
| Once-weekly alendronate is safe and effective in the treatment of decreased BMD in HIV-infected patients. |
### Instruction:
Is prospective randomized study of oxytocin discontinuation after the active stage of labor established?
### Response:
| Discontinuing oxytocin infusion once the active stage of labor is established may be an alternative protocol in developing countries where the conditions for fetal monitoring and emergency cesarean section are less available. |
### Instruction:
Is peripheral atherosclerosis associated with the occurrence of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention?
### Response:
| The detection of carotid and/or peripheral atherosclerotic lesions in patients with CAD who underwent PCI may be a marker of increased risk. We believe that investigating these areas, by echo-Doppler duplex scanning, may be a cost-effective strategy in the work-up before elective PCI. It may allow identification of hig... |
### Instruction:
Does potential and limitation of UVC irradiation for the inactivation of pathogens in platelet concentrate?
### Response:
| UVC irradiation is a promising pathogen-reducing technique in PLT concentrates, inactivating bacteria, and a broad range of viruses (with the exception of HIV) under conditions that have limited effects on PLT quality. Further optimization of the UVC procedure, however, is necessary to deal with blood-borne viruses lik... |
### Instruction:
Do transplanted heart cardiomyocytes reveal continuous expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein?
### Response:
| The expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein occurs during the entire posttransplant period, being probably a preservative and adaptative response. |
### Instruction:
Does thymoglobulin administered early after heart transplantation reduce early myocardial hypertrophy assessed by morphometric studies?
### Response:
| Thymoglobulin administered early after surgery protected cardiocyte hypertrophy in heart transplant recipients, mitigating graft ischemic damage. |
### Instruction:
Are acute air pollution effects on heart rate variability modified by SNPs involved in cardiac rhythm in individuals with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance?
### Response:
| We identified a genetic predisposition in persons with diabetes or IGT making them potentially more susceptible to air pollutants with regard to changes in HRV. |
### Instruction:
Does anti-HHV-6 IgG titer significantly predict subsequent relapse risk in multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that, in addition to a potential etiological role in MS, HHV-6 infection or the immune response to HHV-6 antigens may have an effect on the risk of MS relapses and possibly on progressive courses of MS. The observed effect was directly related to anti-HHV-6 IgG titers and may indicate that either... |
### Instruction:
Do testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin have significant association with metabolic syndrome in Taiwanese men?
### Response:
| Results show that serum testosterone and SHBG levels inversely correlate with MS in an Asian population applying the Asian MS definition. |
### Instruction:
Is fecal calprotectin a useful screening parameter for hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis?
### Response:
| Fecal calprotectin concentrations serve as a screening tool for HE and SBP. Assessment of FCCs may faciliate grading of HE-severity. |
### Instruction:
Does autophagy activation by rapamycin reduce severity of experimental osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| These results suggest that rapamycin, at least in part by autophagy activation, reduces the severity of experimental osteoarthritis. Pharmacological activation of autophagy may be an effective therapeutic approach for osteoarthritis. |
### Instruction:
Are total oxidant status and oxidative stress increased in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis?
### Response:
| Our findings demonstrated that although TAC levels were similar in all 3 groups, oxidant stress mechanisms were activated in preterm neonates with definite NEC (stages 2 and 3 NEC). Premature neonates with increased levels of TOS and OSI were associated with severity of NEC. |
### Instruction:
Does melatonin ameliorate necrotizing enterocolitis in a neonatal rat model?
### Response:
| Melatonin significantly reduced the severity of NEC in our study. |
### Instruction:
Does the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative show positive effects on breastfeeding indicators in Brazil?
### Response:
| The BFHI has had an impact on several indicators of breast feeding. The authors hope the results of this study will make policy makers and health professionals aware of the importance and potential of this strategy. |
### Instruction:
Does mitomycin C treatment significantly reduce central damage of islets in culture?
### Response:
| Mitomycin C treatment protects islets from the progression of central damage during culture. The p53-p21 pathway might be involved in these effects. |
### Instruction:
Does the neurotransmitter ATP trigger Ca2+ responses promoting coordination of pancreatic islet oscillations?
### Response:
| The data support the idea that purinergic signaling has a key role for coordinating the oscillatory activity of the islets in the pancreas, reinforcing previous arguments for the involvement of nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neurons. |
### Instruction:
Does combination of hedgehog signaling blockage and chemotherapy lead to tumor reduction in pancreatic adenocarcinomas?
### Response:
| Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling could be a promising approach for the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. |
### Instruction:
Do early changes in kidney function predict long-term chronic kidney disease and mortality in patients after liver transplantation?
### Response:
| Diabetes mellitus pretransplant and a drop more than or equal to 30% in the eGFR within the first year are strong predictors of advanced CKD, chronic dialysis, and death more than 1 year after LT. These easily determined clinical variables define a population at risk for CKD who should be targeted for renal protection ... |
### Instruction:
Is total epinephrine dose during asystole and pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrests associated with unfavourable functional outcome and increased in-hospital mortality?
### Response:
| Our results show that an increasing cumulative dose of epinephrine during resuscitation of patients with asystole and pulseless electric activity is an independent risk factor for unfavourable functional outcome and in-hospital mortality. |
### Instruction:
Does negative pressure therapy on primarily closed wounds improve wound healing parameters at 3 days in a porcine model?
### Response:
| NPT dressings applied to surgically closed wounds enhance the healing characteristics of porcine wounds at 3 days. |
### Instruction:
Is foam pore size a critical interface parameter of suction-based wound healing devices?
### Response:
| The pore size of the interface material of suction devices has a significant impact on the wound healing response. Larger pores increased wound surface strain, tissue growth, and transformation of contractile cells. Modification of the pore size is a powerful approach for meeting biological needs of specific wounds. |
### Instruction:
Do challenges of a pharmacist-directed peer support program among adolescents with diabetes?
### Response:
| Evidence illustrates beneficial effects of peer-facilitated support on the physical and psychological challenges of diabetes self-management; however, challenges existed when implementing this program among adolescents. Suggestions to overcome these challenges include same-sex support groups, use of an appealing settin... |
### Instruction:
Does a focused in situ hybridization screen identify candidate transcriptional regulators of thymic epithelial cell development and function?
### Response:
| Our studies have identified two developmental transcription factors that are excellent candidate regulators of thymic epithelial cell specification and differentiation during fetal development. Our results suggest that Foxg1 and Isl1 may play a role in the regulation of TEC differentiation during fetal and postnatal st... |
### Instruction:
Do mast cells cultured from IL-3-treated mice show impaired responses to bacterial antigen stimulation?
### Response:
| Mast cells cultured from IL-3-treated mice show impaired responses. |
### Instruction:
Is serum concentration of an inflammatory glycotoxin , methylglyoxal , associated with increased cognitive decline in elderly individuals?
### Response:
| Higher levels of baseline sMG were associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline, after adjusting for several sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. This relationship did not differ by sex, ApoE4 genotype, or diabetes status suggesting its generality. Since subjects were cognitively normal at the beginning... |
### Instruction:
Do fetal omphalocele ratios predict outcomes in prenatally diagnosed omphalocele?
### Response:
| The O/HC of 0.21 or greater best predicted staged or delayed omphalocele closure. Giant omphalocele designation, regardless of definition, poorly predicted outcome. |
### Instruction:
Is an initial miscarriage associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in the following pregnancy?
### Response:
| An initial miscarriage is independently associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does soy protein based supplementation support metabolic effects of resistance training in previously untrained middle aged males?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that resistance training, particularly in combination with a soy protein based supplement improves body composition and metabolic function in middle aged untrained and moderately overweight males. |
### Instruction:
Does iodine deficiency influence thyroid autoimmunity in old age -- a comparative population-based study?
### Response:
| Thyroid autoantibodies were common in old age, influenced by the iodine intake level, and the lowest frequency was found at the recommended iodine intake level. |
### Instruction:
Does the GNB3 C825T polymorphism influence platelet aggregation in human whole blood?
### Response:
| In human whole blood, the GNB3 825CC genotype is associated with enhanced platelet aggregation. |
### Instruction:
Are implantable loop recorders cost-effective when used to investigate transient loss of consciousness which is either suspected to be arrhythmic or remains unexplained?
### Response:
| Implantable loop recorder monitoring is likely to be a cost-effective strategy in people presenting to the UK NHS who are experiencing infrequent episodes of TLoC which either remain unexplained or are suspected to be arrhythmic after initial assessment and specialist cardiovascular assessment. Implantable loop recorde... |
### Instruction:
Are women and minorities less likely to receive an implantable cardioverter defibrillator for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death?
### Response:
| Even after adjusting for comorbid conditions, gender, and racial discrepancies in the implantation of ICDs for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death exist. Further investigations into the root causes of these discrepancies are needed before any corrective measures can be adopted. |
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