question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
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### Instruction:
Does inhibition of striatal soluble guanylyl cyclase-cGMP signaling reverse basal ganglia dysfunction and akinesia in experimental parkinsonism?
### Response:
| Pharmacological inhibition of the sGC-cGMP signaling pathway is a promising non-dopaminergic treatment strategy for restoring basal ganglia dysfunction and attenuating motor symptoms associated with PD. |
### Instruction:
Are immunologic criteria poor predictors of virologic outcome : implications for HIV treatment monitoring in resource-limited settings?
### Response:
| Because of the low sensitivity of immunologic criteria, a substantial number of failures are missed, potentially resulting in accumulation of resistance mutations. In addition, specificity and predictive values are low, which may result in large numbers of unnecessary ART switches. Monitoring solely by immunologic crit... |
### Instruction:
Does [ An absence of donor TH17 differentiation ameliorate dermal tissue damage ]?
### Response:
| An absence of TH17 cell may alleviate the cutaneous GVHD but exacerbate the systemic GVHD. |
### Instruction:
Does moderate dietary restriction reduce p53-mediated neurovascular damage and microglia activation after hypoxic ischemia in neonatal brain?
### Response:
| Moderate DR, but not extreme DR, reduces p53-mediated neurovascular damage after HI and confers long-term protection in neonatal brain. |
### Instruction:
Does aortic stiffness predict functional outcome in patients after ischemic stroke?
### Response:
| This study indicates that aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. |
### Instruction:
Are wounds , functional disability , and indwelling devices associated with cocolonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci in southeast Michigan?
### Response:
| In a population of SNF residents, individuals with indwelling devices who also had functional disability or wounds were at greatest risk of MRSA/VRE cocolonization. These individuals should be routinely monitored for the presence of VRSA colonization. |
### Instruction:
Do secondary closure of an extraction socket using the double-membrane guided bone regeneration technique with immediate implant placement?
### Response:
| Secondary closure of the extraction socket and immediate guided bone regeneration using the double-membrane technique may produce a good clinical outcome after immediate placement of a dental implant in the posterior area. |
### Instruction:
Does gender-related differences in the dysfunctional resting networks of migraine suffer?
### Response:
| These results indicated that migraine may have an additional influence on females and lead to more dysfunctional organization in their resting functional networks. |
### Instruction:
Does partial splenic embolization facilitate the adherence to peginterferon in chronic hepatitis C with thrombocytopenia?
### Response:
| Increased platelet counts after PSE facilitates the adherence to peginterferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients with thrombocytopenia. |
### Instruction:
Is severe inflammatory reaction induced by peritoneal trauma the key driving mechanism of postoperative adhesion formation?
### Response:
| MIL extension and tissue drying seem to be the key factors in the pathogenesis of adhesion formation, triggering severe inflammatory reactions of the peritoneal tissue surrounding the MIL resulting in local and systemic consequences. CO2 insufflation however, led to moderate inflammation and less adhesion formation. |
### Instruction:
Is microsatellite instability associated with the clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer in sporadic gastric cancer patients?
### Response:
| MSI is associated with the intestinal-type gastric cancer and the presence of multiple gastric cancers in patients with sporadic gastric cancer. Special attention to the presence of synchronous and the development of metachronous multiple cancer in patients with MSI-H gastric cancer is needed. |
### Instruction:
Does administrative database research have unique characteristics that can risk biased results?
### Response:
| This article reviewed these five issues as they pertain to administrative database research to help maximize the utility of these studies for both readers and writers. |
### Instruction:
Is iL-13-induced MUC5AC production and goblet cell differentiation steroid resistant in human airway cells?
### Response:
| Dex at therapeutic concentrations did not inhibit the effects of IL-13 on goblet cell differentiation, characteristic of severe asthma. Paradoxically, MUC5AC production was increased with lower dose IL-13 exposure. This may lead to airway mucus obstruction commonly seen in life-threatening asthma. |
### Instruction:
Are residual periodontal pockets a risk indicator for peri-implantitis in patients treated for periodontitis?
### Response:
| Implants in PCP with residual pocketing at follow-up had increased PPD and bone loss compared with implants placed in PHP and PCP without residual pocketing. Hence, it is the maintenance of periodontal health rather than a previous history of periodontitis that is the critical determinant of increased risk of peri-impl... |
### Instruction:
Does qiliqiangxin improve cardiac function in spontaneously hypertensive rats through the inhibition of cardiac chymase?
### Response:
| These data suggest that QLQX improves both systolic and diastolic cardiac function in SHRs through downregulating the cardiac chymase signaling pathway and chymase-mediated Ang II production. |
### Instruction:
Does the non-canonical NOTCH ligand DLK1 exhibit a novel vascular role as a strong inhibitor of angiogenesis?
### Response:
| Our results unveil a novel inhibitory role for DLK1 in the regulation of angiogenesis, mediated by antagonism of the NOTCH pathway, and establish the basis for investigating its action in pathological settings. |
### Instruction:
Is management of patients with transient ischemic attack safe in an outpatient clinic based on rapid diagnosis and risk stratification?
### Response:
| Based on risk stratification, outpatient evaluation of TIA is safe. TIA mimics are frequent. |
### Instruction:
Are preoperative anxiety and pain sensitivity independent predictors of propofol and sevoflurane requirements in general anaesthesia?
### Response:
| Preoperative anxiety and pain sensitivity are independent predictors of propofol and sevoflurane requirements in general anaesthesia. Anaesthetic and analgesic doses could be modified based on the patient's preoperative anxiety and pain sensitivity. |
### Instruction:
Is adiponectin receptor-1 expression associated with good prognosis in gastric cancer?
### Response:
| In gastric cancer, adiponectin has the possibility to be involved in cell growth suppression via AdipoR1. The presence of AdipoR1 could be a novel anticancer therapeutic target in gastric cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does reduced inflammation accompany diminished myelin damage and repair in the NG2 null mouse spinal cord?
### Response:
| Loss of NG2 expression leads to decreased proliferation of OPCs, pericytes, and macrophages/microglia, reducing the abundance of all three cell types in demyelinated spinal cord lesions. As a result of these NG2-dependent changes, the course of demyelination and remyelination in NG2 null mice differs from that seen in ... |
### Instruction:
Do the use of growth factors and other humoral agents to accelerate and enhance burn wound healing?
### Response:
| Platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factors, epidermal growth factors, transforming growth factor alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor I, nerve growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and amnion-derived cellular cyt... |
### Instruction:
Does ringer 's lactate improve liver recovery in a murine model of acetaminophen toxicity?
### Response:
| RLS improves liver recovery from APAP hepatotoxicity. |
### Instruction:
Does ice slurry ingestion increase running time in the heat?
### Response:
| Ice slurry (slushy) compared with cold water ingestion prolonged running time to exhaustion in hot and humid conditions, reduced rectal temperature during exercise, and allowed rectal temperature to rise higher before the runner reached exhaustion. |
### Instruction:
Does cognitive functioning predict driver safety on road tests 1 and 2 years later?
### Response:
| Normative aging-related declines in driver performance as assessed using on-road tests emerge slowly. Even in the presence of conservative controls, such as previous driving ability, age, and visual sensory and motor functioning, cognitive functioning predicted future on-road driving performance 1 and 2 years later. |
### Instruction:
Does vertical bone augmentation with 3D-synthetic monetite block in the rabbit calvaria?
### Response:
| Within the limits of our study, this novel material may be able to eliminate the need for autologous bone transplantation for the augmentation of large vertical bone defects. |
### Instruction:
Does global analysis of gene expression in NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons identify molecular pathways associated with cell death?
### Response:
| The sympathetic neuron model is one of the best studied models of neuronal apoptosis. Overall, our microarray data gives a comprehensive overview of, and provides new information about, signalling pathways and transcription factors that are regulated by NGF withdrawal. |
### Instruction:
Do normal dogs treated with famotidine for 14 days have only transient increases in serum gastrin concentrations?
### Response:
| After 14 days of famotidine administration, clinically healthy dogs have normal serum gastrin concentrations. In a dog with clinical features consistent with gastrinoma, chronic famotidine administration is unlikely to contribute to increases in serum gastrin concentrations. |
### Instruction:
Is initial fixation strength of transosseous-equivalent suture bridge rotator cuff repair comparable with transosseous repair?
### Response:
| The arthroscopic TOE-SB technique is comparable in initial fixation strength to the traditional TO simple suture repair technique. |
### Instruction:
Is intraperitoneal chemotherapy for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer feasible with high completion rates , low complications , and acceptable patient outcomes?
### Response:
| Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is a feasible option for patients with recurrent EOC, with high completion rates, low frequency of complications, and acceptable PFS and OS. |
### Instruction:
Is neuromelanin an immune stimulator for dendritic cells in vitro?
### Response:
| NM is recognized by DCs in vitro and triggers their maturation. If operative in vivo, this would allow the DC-mediated transport and presentation of SN antigens to the adaptive immune system, leading to autoimmmunity in susceptible individuals. Our data provide a rationale for an autoimmune-based pathomechanism of PD w... |
### Instruction:
Does costimulatory protein 4IgB7H3 drive the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma by mediating immune escape and invasiveness?
### Response:
| Because of its immunosuppressive and proinvasive function, 4IgB7H3 may serve as a therapeutic target in the treatment of glioblastoma. |
### Instruction:
Do epidermal growth factor receptor and insulinlike growth factor 1 receptor expression predict poor survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| EGFR and IGF-1R expression, in neoplastic and stromal cells, seems to be an important prognostic factor. |
### Instruction:
Is combined anterior-posterior surgery the most important risk factor for developing proximal junctional kyphosis in idiopathic scoliosis?
### Response:
| Patients with a T1 through T3 upper instrumented level, combined anterior-posterior surgery, and increased sagittal sacral vertical line difference had a higher likelihood of developing PJK. Of these risk factors, anterior-posterior surgery was the strongest risk factor. |
### Instruction:
Are perfusion-related complications similar for DIEP and muscle-sparing free TRAM flaps harvested on medial or lateral deep inferior epigastric Artery branch perforators for breast reconstruction?
### Response:
| The authors suggest that surgeons base their decisions regarding DIEA branch harvest on the clinical assessment of perforator perfusion quality rather than relying on the theoretical benefit of medial branch perforator harvest. |
### Instruction:
Does e/N-cadherin switch mediate cancer progression via TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Cadherin switch promotes cancer progression via TGF-β-induced EMT in extrahepatic CC, suggesting a target for elucidating the mechanisms of invasion and metastasis in extrahepatic CC. |
### Instruction:
Is surfactant volume an essential element in human toxicity in acute glyphosate herbicide intoxication?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that treatment of patients with acute glyphosate herbicide intoxication should take into account the volume and not the type of surfactants in herbicide formulations. |
### Instruction:
Is nuclear atypia grading score a useful prognostic factor in papillary gastric adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Nuclear grade could be a new and useful morphological predictor for high malignant potential in PGA. |
### Instruction:
Is ran a potential therapeutic target for cancer cells with molecular changes associated with activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 and Ras/MEK/ERK pathways?
### Response:
| Ran is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of cancers with mutations/changes of expression in protooncogenes that lead to activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 and Ras/MEK/ERK pathways. |
### Instruction:
Do environmental tobacco and wood smoke increase the risk of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
### Response:
| This study provides further evidence that environmental tobacco smoke is associated with an increased risk of LCPD. Exposure to wood smoke also appears to be a risk factor. However, it remains unclear why there are profound differences in the incidence of the disease between regions when the prevalence of smoking is co... |
### Instruction:
Is donor desmopressin associated with superior graft survival after kidney transplantation?
### Response:
| Donor DDAVP seems to improve renal allograft survival. Combined use of donor DDAVP and low-dose dopamine should receive further evaluation. |
### Instruction:
Is measurement of SUVmax plus ADCmin of the primary tumour a predictor of prognosis in patients with cervical cancer?
### Response:
| High SUVmax together with low ADCmin of the primary tumour is an important predictive factor for identifying patients with cervical cancer who have a poor prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Does 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 alter murine dendritic cell behaviour in vitro and in vivo?
### Response:
| We conclude that in vitro 1,25(OH)2D3 exposure alters dendritic cell behaviour, converting them into a cell type that drives T cells away from destruction towards a regulatory phenotype. |
### Instruction:
Does low pulsatility index on transcranial Doppler predict symptomatic large-vessel vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?
### Response:
| Low PI on TCCD is an independent predictor of SLVVS after aSAH, whereas mCBFV is a better predictor of angiographic vasospasm. |
### Instruction:
Does the absence of MyD88 have no effect on the induction of alternatively activated macrophage during Fasciola hepatica infection?
### Response:
| The absence of MyD88 has no effect on presence of AAMφ 6 weeks post F. hepatica infection. |
### Instruction:
Is poly ( ADP-ribose ) polymerase 1 indispensable for transforming growth factor-β Induced Smad3 activation in vascular smooth muscle cell?
### Response:
| PARP1 is indispensable for TGF-β1 induced Smad3 activation in rat VSMCs. Targeting PARP1 may be a promising therapeutic approach against vascular diseases induced by dysregulation of TGF-β/Smad3 pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is intratympanic dexamethasone an effective method as a salvage treatment in refractory sudden hearing loss?
### Response:
| Intratympanic dexamethasone administration after failure of an initial treatment is effective, and this should be used as a salvage treatment in cases of refractory SHL. |
### Instruction:
Are lung adenocarcinomas with HER2-activating mutations associated with distinct clinical features and HER2/EGFR copy number gains?
### Response:
| HER2 mutations in lung adenocarcinoma predominantly occurred in women and never smokers. Most HER2-mutated tumors showed HER2 CNGs. As all of the samples with HER2 mutation showed either HER2 or EGFR CNGs, these patients could potentially benefit from novel EGFR/HER2 dual or pan-erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene h... |
### Instruction:
Does whole mitochondrial genome sequencing of domestic horses reveal incorporation of extensive wild horse diversity during domestication?
### Response:
| Our study provides a window into the maternal origins of extant domestic horses and confirms that modern domestic breeds present a wide sample of the mtDNA diversity found in ancestral, now extinct, wild horse populations. The data obtained allow us to detect a population expansion event coinciding with the beginning o... |
### Instruction:
Does targeting notch pathway enhance rapamycin antitumor activity in pancreas cancers through PTEN phosphorylation?
### Response:
| Notch pathway plays an important role in maintaining pancreas tumor phenotype. Targeting this pathway represents a reasonable strategy for the treatment of pancreas cancers. Notch modulates the Akt pathway through regulation of PTEN phosphorylation, an observation that has not been made previously. Furthermore, we disc... |
### Instruction:
Is elevated C-reactive protein level associated with the tumor depth of invasion in patients with operable colorectal carcinoma?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that depth of tumor invasion is associated with an increase in CRP levels. CRP is considered an important indicator of advanced local invasion in operable colorectal surgery, if other inflammatory conditions are excluded. |
### Instruction:
Is the promoter variant -803 G > A in the RBP4 gene associated with BMI , metabolic parameters or blood pressure in Caucasian children?
### Response:
| Our study revealed that the promoter polymorphism -803 G>A in RBP4 is not associated with BMI, metabolic parameters or blood pressure in Caucasian children. |
### Instruction:
Does streptococci-human papilloma virus interaction with ethanol exposure lead to keratinocyte damage?
### Response:
| These cell studies suggest that oral Streptococci sp and HPV (HPV-16) cooperate to transform oral keratinocytes after low-level ETOH (1%) exposure. These results appear to suggest a significant clinical interaction, but further validation is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Do fast track echo of abdominal aortic aneurysm using a real pocket-ultrasound device at bedside?
### Response:
| Considering its low cost, diagnostic accuracy, and widespread availability, screening for AAA using an ultraportable ultrasound device such as VSCAN by an experienced physician is promising and should be used as an extension of routine physical examination in vascular patients. |
### Instruction:
Does dark chocolate inhibit platelet isoprostanes via NOX2 down-regulation in smokers?
### Response:
| Dark chocolate inhibits platelet function by lowering oxidative stress only in smokers; this effect seems to be dependent on its polyphenolic content. |
### Instruction:
Does leptin promote the mobilization of vascular progenitor cells and neovascularization by NOX2-mediated activation of MMP9?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that the angiogenic effects of leptin involve sca-1(+), flk-1(+) vascular progenitor cells mobilized from the BM in response to ObR-mediated activation of NOX2, increased MMP9 expression, and sKitL release. |
### Instruction:
Is the Assessment of Physiotherapy Practice ( APP ) a valid measure of professional competence of physiotherapy students : a cross-sectional study with Rasch analysis?
### Response:
| Rasch analysis supports the interpretation that a student's APP score is an indication of their underlying level of professional competence in workplace practice. |
### Instruction:
Does timing of dornase alpha inhalation affect the efficacy of an airway clearance regimen in adults with cystic fibrosis : a randomised crossover trial?
### Response:
| Timing of dornase alpha can be selected according to convenience, patient preference, or to accommodate the timing of other medications in the treatment regimen. |
### Instruction:
Is fecal incontinence in systemic sclerosis secondary to neuropathy?
### Response:
| Fecal incontinence in SSc is related to neuropathy as suggested by absent RAIR and higher anal sensory threshold and is related less so to sphincter atrophy and rectal fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Does the antiangiogenic 16K prolactin impair functional tumor neovascularization by inhibiting vessel maturation?
### Response:
| Taken together, our data show that 16K hPRL impairs functional tumor neovascularization by inhibiting vessel maturation and for the first time that an endogenous antiangiogenic agent disturbs Notch signaling. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of 16K hPRL action and highlight its potential for use ... |
### Instruction:
Do distinct microbial populations exist in the mucosa-associated microbiota of sub-groups of irritable bowel syndrome?
### Response:
| The mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with IBS is significantly different from healthy controls with increases in bacteroides and clostridia and a reduction in bifidobacteria in patients with IBS-D. |
### Instruction:
Does eupatilin inhibit Gastric Cancer Cell Growth by Blocking STAT3-Mediated VEGF Expression?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that eupatilin inhibits angiogenesis in gastric cancer cells by blocking STAT3 and VEGF expression, suggesting its therapeutic potential in the treatment of gastric cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does superoxide dismutase 1 encoding mutations linked to ALS adopt a spectrum of misfolded states?
### Response:
| Our studies demonstrate how different methods of detecting misfolding and aggregation of mutant SOD1 reveal different forms of aberrantly folded protein. Immunological and biochemical methods can be used in combination to detect soluble and insoluble misfolded forms of mutant SOD1. Our findings support the view that mu... |
### Instruction:
Is expression of ghrelin correlated to a favorable outcome in invasive breast cancer?
### Response:
| Patients with tumors expressing ghrelin had 2.5-3 times lower risk for recurrence or breast cancer death than those lacking ghrelin expression. Ghrelin expression is easily assessable with high reproducibility using immunohistochemistry. Further investigations are needed to establish the clinical significance of ghreli... |
### Instruction:
Are severe pelvic floor symptoms after cervical cancer treatment predominantly associated with mental and physical well-being and body image : a cross-sectional study?
### Response:
| Few associations were found between demographic and disease-related variables and distress from PFS after cervical cancer treatment. However, better mental and physical well-being is associated with nonsevere distress from urogenital and defecation symptoms and more body image disturbance with severe PFSs. Improving th... |
### Instruction:
Does massively parallel amplicon sequencing reveal isotype-specific variability of antimicrobial peptide transcripts in Mytilus galloprovincialis?
### Response:
| Barcoding and bidirectional pyrosequencing allowed us to map and compare the transcript diversity of known mussel AMPs. Though most of the genuine cds variation was common to the analyzed samples we could estimate from 9 to 106 peptide variants in hemolymph pools representing 100 mussels, depending on the AMP isoform a... |
### Instruction:
Does cetuximab enhance the anti-proliferative effect of trastuzumab in ERBB2 over-expressing breast cancer cells -- preliminary study?
### Response:
| Our new experimental data show that the combination of anti-EGF receptor and anti-ERBB2 mAb may inhibit cancer cells expressing both EGF and ERBB2 receptors. |
### Instruction:
Do majority of patients with inflammatory bowel disease in clinical remission have mucosal inflammation?
### Response:
| A large proportion of IBD patients have mucosal inflammation without clinical symptoms. Although one-third recover spontaneously, mucosal inflammation in patients who are clinically in remission is associated with more severe mucosal disease activity, but not with more complications or symptomatic flares during follow-... |
### Instruction:
Do patients with focal full-thickness cartilage lesions benefit less from ACL reconstruction at 2-5 years follow-up?
### Response:
| ACL-injured patients with full-thickness cartilage lesions reported worse outcomes and less improvement after ACL reconstruction than those without cartilage lesions at 2-5 years follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Does asymmetric loss of parietal activity cause spatial bias in prodromal and mild Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| Our data provide evidence that in very early AD, asymmetric hypometabolism of the lateral PPC causes spatial attentional bias. Results are broadly consistent with the model that asymmetrically impaired effective neuronal PPC activity in AD biases the competition of visual objects for cortical representation and access ... |
### Instruction:
Is vision adapted to the natural level of blur present in the retinal image?
### Response:
| Our results provide strong evidence that spatial vision is calibrated for the specific blur levels present in each individual's retinal image and that this adaptation at least partly reflects how spatial sensitivity is normalized in the neural coding of blur. |
### Instruction:
Are maturation outcomes improved following Cryoleaf vitrification of immature human oocytes when compared to choline-based slow-freezing?
### Response:
| While the overall incidence of mature oocytes with normal bipolar spindles from warmed immature oocytes was low, the yield using Cryoleaf vitrification was slightly superior to choline-based slow-freezing. |
### Instruction:
Do why humans make good vampires . Testing the ability of humans to detect true blood?
### Response:
| This study allows further mapping of the exact role of disgust sensitivity in human behaviour, as well as a deliberate choice of materials in blood-related experiments. It is imperative for further research on the behavioural and psychological impact 'blood' resorts on humans. |
### Instruction:
Do functional rather than immunoreactive levels of IgG4 correlate closely with clinical response to grass pollen immunotherapy?
### Response:
| Functional assays of inhibitory IgG(4) and IgE-blocking factor may be more useful surrogates of clinical response than IgG(4). Whether these antibody effects may serve as predictive biomarkers of clinical efficacy in individual patients requires further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of cathepsin B activity attenuate extracellular matrix degradation and inflammatory breast cancer invasion?
### Response:
| Our study is the first to show that the proteolytic activity of cathepsin B and its co-expression with caveolin-1 contributes to the aggressiveness of IBC. |
### Instruction:
Are claudins 10 and 18 predominantly expressed in lung adenocarcinomas and in tumors of nonsmokers?
### Response:
| The results show that both claudins are most commonly expressed in lung adenocarcinomas and they are more occasionally detected in other histological tumour types. Curiously, female patients and non-smokers express these claudins more commonly suggesting that they may play a part in the carcinogenesis of tobacco unrela... |
### Instruction:
Is natural recovery from antiglomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis associated with glomeruli-infiltrating CD8α+CD11c+MHC class II+ cells?
### Response:
| Our data revealed a strong association between GIL CD8a+ cells and recovery from early glomerular inflammation. It raises a possibility of involvement of GIL CD8a+ cells in the recovery. |
### Instruction:
Does concomitant removal of mandibular third molars during sagittal split osteotomy minimize neurosensory dysfunction?
### Response:
| The presence of third molars during SSO minimizes postoperative neurosensory disturbance of the IAN. |
### Instruction:
Does luteolin reduce primary hippocampal neurons death induced by neuroinflammation?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that anti-inflammatory activity of luteolin in microglia contributes to its neuroprotective effect and suggest that it may have a potential therapeutic application in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is choroid thinner in inferior region of optic disks of normal eyes?
### Response:
| The thinner choroid inferior to the optic disk may be a natural anatomical architecture of normal eyes, and this area may be more susceptible to hypoxia or to elevated intraocular pressures. |
### Instruction:
Does occupational exposure influence on gender differences in respiratory health?
### Response:
| Within the limitations of this analysis, gender differences in respiratory health, as suggested by population-based studies, were confirmed in our analysis of occupational health studies, with the general type of exposure, organic or inorganic, generally determining the extent of differences. The higher risks for women... |
### Instruction:
Are system-level health disparities in California emergency departments : minorities and Medicaid patients at higher risk of losing their emergency departments?
### Response:
| The population served by EDs and hospitals' profit model are associated with ED closure. Whether our findings are a manifestation of poorer reimbursement in at-risk EDs is unclear. |
### Instruction:
Does aged plasma transfusion increase mortality in a rat model of uncontrolled hemorrhage?
### Response:
| In this model of mild preinjury hemodilution with plasma, rats that received FFP5 had decreased survival after uncontrolled hemorrhage from hepatic injury. There were no differences in coagulation function or intraperitoneal fluid volume between the two plasma groups. |
### Instruction:
Is dynamic hyperinflation associated with a poor cardiovascular response to exercise in COPD patients?
### Response:
| The present study shows that COPD patients with dynamic hyperinflation have a poor cardiovascular response to exercise. This finding supports the view that in COPD patients, dynamic hyperinflation may affect exercise performance not only by affecting ventilation, but also cardiac function. |
### Instruction:
Does palm olein increase plasma cholesterol moderately compared with olive oil in healthy individuals?
### Response:
| The current study did not support the previous finding that the effect of palm olein on total plasma cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in healthy individuals with normal plasma cholesterol concentrations is neutral compared with that of olive oil. Thus, sn-positioning was not confirmed to be important with regard to the ... |
### Instruction:
Is soy intake associated with lower lung cancer risk : results from a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that the consumption of soy food is associated with lower lung cancer risk. Because of different methods used to assess soy consumption across studies, more well-designed cohort studies or intervention studies that use unified measures of soy intake are needed to fully characterize such an associa... |
### Instruction:
Are pioglitazone-mediated changes in lipoprotein particle composition predicted by changes in adiponectin level in type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| Increased adiponectin contributed to treatment-related benefit in lipoprotein cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese diabetic subjects treated with pioglitazone. These results provide support for a model that mechanistically links changes in adiponectin level to changes in lipoprotein composition in humans. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated vancomycin trough associated with nephrotoxicity among inpatient veterans?
### Response:
| We conclude that nephrotoxicity, with higher trough levels occurring at ≥5 days of vancomycin therapy, was uncommon at our institution and typically reversible. |
### Instruction:
Is pulmonary oxidative stress induced by maximal exercise in young cigarette smokers?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that in cigarette smokers, maximal exercise induces pulmonary oxidative stress, which may lead to oxidative damage in the lungs. |
### Instruction:
Do dental implant outcome after primary implantation into double-barreled fibula osteoseptocutaneous free flap-reconstructed mandible?
### Response:
| The one-stage combined surgical method is safe and reliable. Both oral function and mandible contour were good. Firmly attached gingiva-like palatal mucosal grafts prevent periimplant soft-tissue inflammation and facilitate maintenance of oral hygiene. |
### Instruction:
Do lY294002 and metformin cooperatively enhance the inhibition of growth and the induction of apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells?
### Response:
| The combinational use of LY294002 and metformin can enhance inhibition of the growth and induction of the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Our results may provide significant insight into the future therapeutic regimens in ovarian cancer. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Changes in peripheral dendritic cells in serious burn patients and its clinical significance ]?
### Response:
| Both the number of mDC and pDC decrease in peripheral blood in early stage in serious burn patients, and those who have more serious burn have lower number of mDC or pDC. Deficiency in mDCs and pDC subsets may contribute to immunosuppression in burn victims, and those who suffered obvious loss of mDC and pDC are suscep... |
### Instruction:
Does l-carnitine increase survival in a murine model of severe verapamil toxicity?
### Response:
| When compared with saline, IV L-carnitine increases survival and MAP in a murine model of severe verapamil toxicity. |
### Instruction:
Is mIC-1 ( a multifunctional modulator of dendritic cell phenotype and function ) produced by decidual stromal cells and trophoblasts?
### Response:
| We have identified MIC-1 as a novel factor (secreted by decidual cells in early pregnancy) that could promote the increase of a tolerogenic subtype of DC in decidua. |
### Instruction:
Is normal interstitial flow critical for developmental lymphangiogenesis in the zebrafish?
### Response:
| These results support the contention that interstitial flow is an important morphoregulator of developmental lymphangiogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does bilobetin ameliorate insulin resistance by PKA-mediated phosphorylation of PPARα in rats fed a high-fat diet?
### Response:
| Bilobetin treatment ameliorates hyperlipidaemia, lipotoxicity and insulin resistance in rats by stimulating PPARα-mediated lipid catabolism. PKA activation is crucial for this process. |
### Instruction:
Is lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 signal a potent biomarker and therapeutic target for human rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| These findings strongly indicate that sLOX-1 is a novel biomarker that may be useful for the diagnosis of RA and for the evaluation of disease activity in RA. Furthermore, the results suggest that LOX-1 may be a potent therapeutic target for RA. |
### Instruction:
Does dodecafluoropentane emulsion decrease infarct volume in a rabbit ischemic stroke model?
### Response:
| Intravenous DDFPe in an animal model decreases infarct volumes and protects brain tissue from ischemia, justifying further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Do no effects of Korean pine nut triacylglycerol on satiety and energy intake?
### Response:
| A dosage of 6 g PinnoThin TAG is not sufficient to suppress appetite and energy intake. |
### Instruction:
Is hypoperfusion in severely injured trauma patients associated with reduced coagulation factor activity?
### Response:
| Hypoperfusion in trauma patients is associated with a moderate, dose-dependent reduction in the activity of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, X, and XI, and a more marked reduction in factor V activity, which is relatively independent of the severity of shock. These findings suggest that the mechanisms underlying decrea... |
### Instruction:
Does recombinant human erythropoietin improve gut barrier function in a hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation rat model?
### Response:
| Using rHuEPO at time of saline resuscitation resulted in decreased bacterial translocation and permeability to macromolecules 24 hours after shock. These observations suggest that rHuEPO can mediate a protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier function during ischemic injury. |
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