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### Instruction:
Are killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor along with HLA-C ligand genes associated with type 1 diabetes in Chinese Han population?
### Response:
| In our study of a Han population (East China), we found no direct association of KIR genes with T1D. However, a combination of HLA-C1 and -C2 showed a positive association with T1D. Different combinations of HLA-C and KIR showed positive and negative association with T1D. |
### Instruction:
Is active depression associated with regional adiposity in the upper abdomen and the neck?
### Response:
| The results of this study confirm the hypothesis of a high stress level with a disturbed hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to a Cushing-like habitus and high visceral fat levels. The increased fat levels at the arms, as well as the whole body fat may be well-founded by a lack of activity in depression. ... |
### Instruction:
Does transurethral prostate biopsy before radical cystectomy remain clinically relevant for decision-making on urethrectomy in patients with bladder cancer?
### Response:
| TUPB achieved a high NPV and the urethral recurrence rate was acceptable. If TUPB was negative, patients could have chance urethral preservation. Thus, our clinical decision for urethrectomy based on the result of TUPB is still useful. |
### Instruction:
Is h-index a sensitive indicator of academic activity in highly productive anaesthesiologists : results of a bibliometric analysis?
### Response:
| In addition to publication record, h-index sensitively indicates grant funding and mentoring in highly productive US academic anaesthesiologists. |
### Instruction:
Does soil warming alter seed-bank responses across the geographic range of freshwater Taxodium distichum ( Cupressaceae ) swamps?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the regeneration of some populations of swamp species may have more flexibility to respond to climate warming than others. |
### Instruction:
Does high resolution colonoscopy in a bowel cancer screening program improve polyp detection?
### Response:
| Megapixel definition colonoscopes improve adenoma detection without compromising other measures of endoscope performance. Increased polyp detection rates may improve future outcomes in bowel cancer screening programs. |
### Instruction:
Does rAd-p53 enhance the sensitivity of human gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy?
### Response:
| rAd-p53 enhances the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy by promoting apoptosis. Thus, our results suggest that p53 gene therapy combined with chemotherapy represents a novel avenue for gastric cancer treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does inferior tilt of the glenoid component decrease scapular notching in reverse shoulder arthroplasty : results of a prospective randomized study?
### Response:
| Placing the glenoid component with inferior tilt does not reduce the incidence or severity of radiographic scapular notching after reverse shoulder arthroplasty. No clinical differences were observed between the groups. |
### Instruction:
Do fetal calf serum heat inactivation and lipopolysaccharide contamination influence the human T lymphoblast proteome and phosphoproteome?
### Response:
| The present study provides new information regarding the effect of FCS heat inactivation and change in FCS-LPS concentration on cellular protein expression, and post-translational modification in human T lymphoblasts. Both heat inactivation and LPS contamination of FCS were shown to modulate the expression and phosphor... |
### Instruction:
Does repeated 24-hour recall versus dietary records for estimating nutrient intakes in a national food consumption survey?
### Response:
| The results from this study show that in the context of nutritional surveillance, duplicate 24HR can be used to asses intakes of protein, carbohydrates, starch, sugar, water, potassium and calcium. |
### Instruction:
Does acid-sensing ion channel 3 mediate peripheral anti-hyperalgesia effects of acupuncture in mice inflammatory pain?
### Response:
| In addition, electrical stimulation at the ST36 acupoint can relieve mechanical hyperalgesia by attenuating ASIC3 overexpression. |
### Instruction:
Is preoperative brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP ) a better predictor of adverse cardiac events compared to preoperative scoring system in patients who underwent abdominal surgery?
### Response:
| We have demonstrated that elevated preoperative BNP levels are independent predictors of adverse cardiac events in a cohort of patients undergoing major abdominal surgery in a general surgery department, and this is the first study about this specific cohort of patients. |
### Instruction:
Does repeatability and variability of baropodometric and spatio-temporal gait parameters -- result in healthy subjects and in stroke patients?
### Response:
| In this study, baropodometric (AP and PM) and spatio-temporal gait (step length, single support time and walking velocity) parameters were found to show good repeatability overtime; these parameters are the ones most likely to be useful in assessing the effects of treatments that are proposed to improve gait in stroke ... |
### Instruction:
Are carotid intima-media thickness measurements affected by the ultrasound frequency?
### Response:
| Carotid IMT measurements obtained at higher transducer frequencies are similar to those obtained at standard frequency. This finding has important clinical implications because it validates comparison of carotid IMT measurements obtained with newer, more advanced ultrasound technology with the landmark reference caroti... |
### Instruction:
Does hepatic steatosis prevent heme oxygenase-1 induction by isoflurane in the rat liver?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrates that ISO is an inducer of hepatic HO-1 gene expression in non-steatotic organs but failed to upregulate HO-1 in steatotic livers. |
### Instruction:
Is ancient founder mutation responsible for Imerslund-Gräsbeck Syndrome among diverse ethnicities?
### Response:
| This mutation causes over 50% of the IGS cases among Arabic, Turkish, and Sephardic Jewish families, making it a primary target for genetic screening among diverse IGS cases originating from the Middle East. Thus, rare founder mutations may cause a substantial number of cases, even among diverse ethnicities not usually... |
### Instruction:
Is meat consumption associated with less stunting among toddlers in four diverse low-income settings?
### Response:
| The strikingly high stunting rates in these toddlers and the protective effect of meat consumption against stunting emphasize the need for interventions to improve complementary feeding practices, beginning in infancy. |
### Instruction:
Does level of dietary protein intake affect glucose turnover in endurance-trained men?
### Response:
| Level of protein consumption influenced resting glucose turnover in endurance athletes in a state of energy balance with a higher rate of turnover noted for a protein intake of 1.8 g kg-1 d-1. Findings suggest that consumption of protein in excess of the recommended dietary allowance but within the current acceptable m... |
### Instruction:
Does modulation of the tumor microvasculature by phosphoinositide-3 kinase inhibition increase doxorubicin delivery in vivo?
### Response:
| Inhibition of PI3K led to vascular normalization and improved delivery of a chemotherapeutic agent. This study highlights the importance of the microvascular effects of some novel oncogenic signaling inhibitors and the need to take those changes into account in the design of clinical trials many of which use combinatio... |
### Instruction:
Are branched-chain amino acid levels associated with improvement in insulin resistance with weight loss?
### Response:
| A cluster of metabolites comprising BCAAs and related analytes predicts improvement in HOMA-IR independent of the amount of weight lost. These results may help identify individuals most likely to benefit from moderate weight loss and elucidate novel mechanisms of IR in obesity. |
### Instruction:
Is myelin structure unaltered in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy?
### Response:
| These results indicate that experimental peripheral neuropathy caused by CDDP, PT, and bortezomib-which are among the most widely used chemotherapy agents-does not significantly affect the structure of internodal myelin in peripheral nerve. |
### Instruction:
Is negative reinforcement learning affected in substance dependence?
### Response:
| Our findings are consistent with a specific deficit in negative reinforcement learning in SDI. SDI were relatively insensitive to the magnitude, not frequency, of loss. If this generalizes to drug-related stimuli, it suggests that repeated episodes of withdrawal may drive relapse more than the severity of a single epis... |
### Instruction:
Does tigecycline accelerate staphylococcal-infected burn wound healing through matrix metalloproteinase-9 modulation?
### Response:
| Tigecycline, besides its antimicrobial activity, exerts an important modulatory effect on MMP-9, accelerating wound healing in staphylococcal-infected burns. |
### Instruction:
Is dLG5 P1371Q associated with inflammatory bowel disease and complementary to R30Q in disease susceptibility?
### Response:
| DLG5 P1371Q was associated with IBD and this association was female-specific. A significant epistatic interaction between P1371Q and R30Q was observed, suggesting that P1371Q is complementary to R30Q, with R30Q exhibiting a dominant effect in IBD susceptibility. |
### Instruction:
Is low neonatal Toll-like receptor 4-mediated interleukin-10 production associated with subsequent atopic dermatitis?
### Response:
| Atopic dermatitis, but not RSV LRTI, is associated with distinct pre-symptomatic differences in the innate immune system. We hypothesize that decreased neonatal IL-10-mediated immune regulation during early life might play a causal role in the initiation of AD. |
### Instruction:
Do mechanosensation and maximum bite force in edentulous patients rehabilitated with bimaxillary implant-supported fixed dental prostheses?
### Response:
| IFDP/IFDPs are a valuable treatment option for restoring edentulous patients. Limitations concerning their physiological integration into the orofacial system are mainly related to a poor passive rather than active tactile sensitivity or maximum bite force. |
### Instruction:
Does external exercise information provide no immediate additional performance benefit to untrained individuals in time trial cycling?
### Response:
| The lack of any performance improvement in either group, despite the differences in exercise information received, indicates both a reliance on the afferent feedback for setting a pacing strategy and slow learning effect from practice in subjects unfamiliar with the task. The modification in RPE profile observed in the... |
### Instruction:
Is fatty acid binding protein 4 expressed in distinct endothelial and non-endothelial cell populations in glioblastoma?
### Response:
| FABP4 is expressed in a significantly higher percentage of GBMs in comparison to both normal brain tissues and lower-grade glial tumours. FABP4 is expressed in some tumour ECs as well as non-ECs in glial tumours. As FABP4 promotes proliferation of ECs, detection of FABP4 in GBM-ECs, but not normal brain ECs suggests th... |
### Instruction:
Are long noncoding intronic RNAs differentially expressed in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings reveal sets of intronic lncRNAs expressed in pancreatic tissues whose abundance is correlated to PDAC or metastasis, thus pointing to the potential relevance of this class of transcripts in biological processes related to malignant transformation and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does sleep deprivation increase cognitive workload during simulated surgical tasks?
### Response:
| Sleep-deprived subjects were able to complete the tasks despite the increased workload, and were able to learn a new task proficiently, despite an increase in sleepiness. |
### Instruction:
Does lactase non-persistent genotype influence milk consumption and gastrointestinal symptoms in Northern Russians?
### Response:
| Subjects with -13910C/C have more GI symptoms from milk. Subjects with lactase non-persistent genotype avoid using milk. In the case of increasing milk consumption symptoms may increase the need for medical consultation. It is thus important either for people themselves or for health care staff to be aware of lactase p... |
### Instruction:
Are depression and anxiety diagnoses associated with delayed resolution of abnormal mammograms and pap tests among vulnerable women?
### Response:
| An active diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety in the year prior to an abnormal mammogram or Pap test was not associated with a prolonged time to diagnostic resolution. Our findings imply that documented mood disorders do not identify an additional barrier to resolution after abnormal cancer screening in a vulnerable... |
### Instruction:
Does sTAT5A-mediated SOCS2 expression regulate Jak2 and STAT3 activity following c-Src inhibition in head and neck squamous carcinoma?
### Response:
| To our knowledge, ours is the first study that fully defines the mechanism underlying this feedback loop, in which sustained c-Src inhibition leads to diminished SOCS2 expression via sustained inhibition of STAT5A, allowing activation of Jak2 and STAT3, Jak2-STAT3 binding, and survival signals. |
### Instruction:
Is carotid sinus syndrome common in very elderly patients undergoing tilt table testing and carotid sinus massage because of syncope or unexplained falls?
### Response:
| In our cohort of very elderly patients, the diagnostic accuracy of tilt testing and carotid sinus massage was high and adverse incidents absent when testing was indicated by a geriatrician experienced in the assessment of falls and syncope. We advocate the use of TT/CSM testing as part of a comprehensive falls/syncope ... |
### Instruction:
Do first generation antipsychotics switch with Risperidone in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic patients?
### Response:
| Switch to Risperidone medication provided significant additional improvement in symptom severity, extrapyramidal side effects and need for anticholinergic medication. This suggests that one might expect better compliance in future treatment in this population of chronic schizophrenic patients. |
### Instruction:
Is calcineurin involved in cardioprotection induced by ischemic postconditioning through attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress?
### Response:
| I-postC protects myocardium from I/R injury by suppressing ER stress and calcineurin pathways are not associated with the I-postC-induced suppression of ER stress-related apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Is activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 regulated by nitric oxide associated with neuronal survival in hippocampal neurons in a rat model of ischemia?
### Response:
| JNK1/2 activation is associated with endogenous NO in response to ischemic insult. |
### Instruction:
Is neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin instrumental in the pathogenesis of antibody-mediated nephritis in mice?
### Response:
| We conclude that kidney binding of pathogenic antibodies stimulates local expression of NGAL, which plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of nephritis via promotion of inflammation and apoptosis. NGAL blockade may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of nephritis mediated by pathogenic antibodies, inclu... |
### Instruction:
Do multiple doublesex-related genes specify critical cell fates in a C. elegans male neural circuit?
### Response:
| In the C. elegans male, DM domain genes dmd-3 and mab-23 regulate expression of cell sub-type characteristics that are critical for mating success. In particular, these factors limit the number of DA neurons in the male nervous system by sex-specifically regulating a phylogenetically conserved dopamine biosynthesis gen... |
### Instruction:
Does a novel small molecule 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-α-D-glucopyranose mimic the antiplatelet actions of insulin?
### Response:
| These data suggest that α-PGG inhibits platelet activation, at least in part, by inducing phosphorylation of insulin receptors leading to inhibition of agonist induced: (a) decrease in cyclic AMP; (b) rise in cytosolic calcium; and (c) phosphorylation of Akt. These findings taken together with our earlier reports that ... |
### Instruction:
Does substratum compliance regulate human trabecular meshwork cell behaviors and response to latrunculin B?
### Response:
| Substratum compliance profoundly influenced HTM cell behaviors and modulated the response of HTM cells to Lat-B. The inclusion of substratum compliance that reflects healthy or glaucomatous HTM results in cell behaviors and responses to therapeutic agents in vitro that may more accurately reflect in vivo conditions. |
### Instruction:
Does hBV inhibit apoB production via the suppression of MTP expression?
### Response:
| HBV infection plays an inhibitory effect on apoB expression. |
### Instruction:
Is smoking in preeclamptic women associated with higher birthweight for gestational age and lower soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 levels : a nested case control study?
### Response:
| Maternal smoking seems to protect against preeclampsia-associated fetal growth restriction and may account, at least partly, for the U-shaped pattern of fetal growth described in preeclamptic pregnancies. Smoking may exert this effect by reducing levels of the anti-angiogenic protein sFlt-1. |
### Instruction:
Does sLUG promote prostate cancer cell migration and invasion via CXCR4/CXCL12 axis?
### Response:
| We provide the first compelling evidence that upregulation of autocrine CXCL12 is a major mechanism underlying SLUG-mediated migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Our findings suggest that CXCL12 is a therapeutic target for prostate cancer metastasis. |
### Instruction:
Is presence of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease associated with an increased risk of postcholecystectomy complications?
### Response:
| IBD patients undergoing cholecystectomy have a significantly increased risk of postoperative complications. Although further studies are warranted to clarify the reason for these differences, caution should be taken to determine the need and timing of cholecystectomy in IBD patients. |
### Instruction:
Are elevated levels of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein breakdown products in mild and moderate traumatic brain injury associated with intracranial lesions and neurosurgical intervention?
### Response:
| GFAP-BDP is detectable in serum within an hour of injury and is associated with measures of injury severity, including the GCS score, CT lesions, and neurosurgical intervention. Further study is required to validate these findings before clinical application. |
### Instruction:
Do dNA methylation profiles delineate epigenetic heterogeneity in seminoma and non-seminoma?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that the methylation profile of cancer-associated genes in testicular cancer correlates with histological types and show cancer-specific pattern for certain genes. Further methylation analysis, in a larger cohort is needed to elucidate their role in testicular cancer development and potential for t... |
### Instruction:
Are serial measurements of NT-proBNP predictive of not-high-dose anthracycline cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients?
### Response:
| Serial measurements of NT-proBNP may be a useful tool for the early detection of patients treated with NHDC at high risk of developing cardiotoxicity. |
### Instruction:
Is heterogeneous amplification of ERBB2 in primary lesions responsible for the discordant ERBB2 status of primary and metastatic lesions in gastric carcinoma?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that the discordant HER2 amplification observed in metastatic lesions is explained substantially by heterogeneity within primary tumours. |
### Instruction:
Does prostate cancers detected by saturation repeat biopsy impair the Partin tables ' accuracy to predict final pathological stage?
### Response:
| • The overall accuracy of the 2007 Partin tables was clearly inferior in patients with prostate cancers detected by SRBx. • Prostate cancers detected by SRBx undermine the Partin tables' overall accuracy, and this group of patients may be miscounselled by vague predictions. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide associated with mortality in tobacco smokers independent of airflow obstruction?
### Response:
| Elevated NT-proBNP is an independent predictor of mortality in tobacco smokers without known cardiovascular disease, conferring a 2.2 fold increased risk of death. Future studies should assess the ability of this biomarker to guide further diagnostic testing and to direct specific cardiovascular risk reduction inventio... |
### Instruction:
Are structural abnormalities in atrial walls associated with presence and persistency of atrial fibrillation but not with age?
### Response:
| In post-mortem material, structural changes in the atria were not associated with age, but were significantly correlated with presence of AF and its severity. Our findings suggest that age-related changes per se are unlikely to be the sole cause of advanced fibrosis underlying AF. |
### Instruction:
Are monounsaturated fatty acid , carbohydrate intake , and diabetes status associated with arterial pulse pressure?
### Response:
| Higher MUFA and carbohydrate intake for persons with diabetes reflecting lower APP may be due to replacement of saturated fats with CHO and MUFA. The associations of APP with diabetes, race and dietary intake need to be confirmed with intervention and prospective studies. Confirmation of these results would suggest tha... |
### Instruction:
Does loss of matrilin 1 exacerbate the skeletal phenotype in a mouse model of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia caused by a Matn3 V194D mutation?
### Response:
| We showed that secretion of matrilin 3 V194D mutant protein is not dependent on hetero-oligomerization with matrilin 1, and that the total ablation of matrilin 1 expression has no impact on disease severity in mice with MED. Mutant matrilin 3 oligomers form non-native disulfide-bonded aggregates through the misfolded A... |
### Instruction:
Do aromatase ( CYP19 ) gene variants influence ovarian response to standard gonadotrophin stimulation?
### Response:
| CYP19 genetic variants were associated with ovarian reserve and response to standard gonadotrophin stimulation of women undergoing in vitro fertilization. |
### Instruction:
Does oral contraceptive therapy modulate hemispheric asymmetry in spatial attention?
### Response:
| The results of this study confirm a hormonal modulation on interhemispheric interaction and suggest that OCs may improve the interhemispheric interaction reducing FCAs compared with the low hormone level period. This opens new insights in OC prescription and choice of administration schedule in order to improve cogniti... |
### Instruction:
Do granulovacuolar degenerations appear in relation to hippocampal phosphorylated tau accumulation in various neurodegenerative disorders?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that GVDs appear in relation to hippocampal phosphorylated tau accumulation in various neurodegenerative disorders, while the presence of phosphorylated tau in GVD-harbouring neurons in non-AD neurodegenerative disorders was indistinguishable from age-related accumulation of phosphorylated tau. Althoug... |
### Instruction:
Does the anti-inflammatory effect of paraoxonase 1 against oxidized lipids depend on its association with high density lipoproteins?
### Response:
| Our results clearly showed that PON1 is involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of HDL and that the effect appears to depend on its association with HDL. |
### Instruction:
Is incidental detection of renal cell carcinoma an independent prognostic marker : results of a long-term , whole population study?
### Response:
| With increased incidence and unchanged mortality the survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma has improved. This is mainly related to a steep increase in incidental detection. Incidental detection affects survival favorably and to a greater extent than can be explained by lower stage compared to the survival of p... |
### Instruction:
Are conformational epitopes of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein targets of potentially pathogenic antibody responses in multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| Thus high-titer reactivity likely represents high-affinity antibodies against pathologically relevant MOG epitopes, that are only present in a small proportion of patients with MS. Our study provides valuable information about requirements of anti-MOG reactivity for being regarded as a prognostic biomarker in a subtype... |
### Instruction:
Is pleiotrophin a potential colorectal cancer prognostic factor that promotes VEGF expression and induces angiogenesis in colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| Our study identifies PTN as an essential growth factor for CRC. PTN promotes VEGF expression and cooperates with VEGF in promoting CRC angiogenesis. PTN could serve as a prognostic factor for this cancer. Considering that PTN shows very limited expression in normal tissue, it may represent an attractive new target for ... |
### Instruction:
Is lymphopenia in patients with chronic idiopathic neutropenia associated with decreased number of T-lymphocytes containing T-cell receptor excision circles?
### Response:
| The aberrant T-cell expansions associated with the pathogenesis of CIN result in increased proliferation/apoptosis and possibly exhaustion of peripheral blood T cells which, in association with the inadequate compensatory thymic export of new TREC expressing T cells partially because of IL-7 deficiency, may contribute ... |
### Instruction:
Is same-day bowel cleansing regimen superior to a split-dose regimen over 2 days for afternoon colonoscopy : results from a large prospective series?
### Response:
| Same-day bowel preparation is feasible, safe, and more effective than a split-dose regimen. It has fewer adverse events and is preferred by patients. |
### Instruction:
Does executive function predict risk of falls in older adults without balance impairment?
### Response:
| Lower scores on executive function tests are a risk factor for falls in participants with minimal balance impairment. However, this effect is attenuated in individuals with poor balance where physical or more direct motor systems factors may play a greater role in fall risk. |
### Instruction:
Does glucosamine sulfate reduce prostaglandin E ( 2 ) production in osteoarthritic chondrocytes through inhibition of microsomal PGE synthase-1?
### Response:
| Our data document the potential mode of action of GS in reducing the catabolism of OA cartilage. GS inhibits PGE(2) synthesis through reduction in the activity of COX-2 and the production and activity of mPGES-1. These findings may, in part, explain the mechanisms by which this drug exerts its positive effect on OA pat... |
### Instruction:
Does kampo medicine `` Dai-kenchu-to '' prevent CPT-11-induced small-intestinal injury in rats?
### Response:
| DKT suppressed CPT-11 induced inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in the intestinal mucosa and maintained the mucosal integrity. |
### Instruction:
Is a Novel Splice-site Allelic Variant Responsible for Wilson Disease in an Omani Family?
### Response:
| A new ATP7B splice-site allelic variant, found among the 14 WD patients segregated with the disease in a recessive manner, suggests it is a disease-causing variant. |
### Instruction:
Do alkalinized lidocaine and heparin provide immediate relief of pain and urgency in patients with interstitial cystitis?
### Response:
| The combination of alkalinized lidocaine and heparin provides up to 12 hours of relief from urgency and pain associated with IC. This combination provides significant immediate relief of symptoms for patients with IC. |
### Instruction:
Do grafton and local bone have comparable outcomes to iliac crest bone in instrumented single-level lumbar fusions?
### Response:
| At 2-year follow-up, subjects who were randomized to Grafton Matrix and local bone achieved an 86% overall fusion rate and improvements in clinical outcomes that were comparable with those in the ICBG group. |
### Instruction:
Does transmission of force in the lumbosacral spine during backward fall?
### Response:
| Lowering the floor stiffness (from 400 to 59 kN/m) can attenuate peak lumbosacral spine forces in a backward fall onto the buttocks from standing by 46% (average peak from 6.9 to 3.7 kN at L4/L5) to values closer to the average tolerance of the spine to fracture (3.4 kN). |
### Instruction:
Is bilateral oophorectomy associated with increased mortality : the California Teachers Study?
### Response:
| Surgical menopause due to bilateral oophorectomy vs. natural menopause does not increase all-cause, cardiovascular, or cancer mortality. |
### Instruction:
Is surgical trainee participation during infrainguinal bypass grafting procedures associated with increased early postoperative graft failure?
### Response:
| Surgical trainee participation is an independent risk factor for technical failure after infrainguinal bypass grafting. Prospective evaluation is needed to determine the cause of this increase in graft failure rates for procedures that involve surgical trainees. |
### Instruction:
Do adipose tissue quantity and composition contribute to adipokine concentrations in the subclavian vein and the inferior mesenteric vein?
### Response:
| SAT and VAT quantities as well as morphologic characteristics of both adipose tissue depots are related to systemic and mesenteric adipokine concentrations. There were no differences in adipokine concentrations between the mesenteric and subclavian vein, except for higher IP-10 and HGF concentrations in the inferior me... |
### Instruction:
Does priming enhance the efficacy of 1 Hertz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of auditory verbal hallucinations : results of a randomized controlled study?
### Response:
| This study does not provide evidence that priming rTMS is an effective treatment for AVH. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrogen-rich water attenuate experimental periodontitis in a rat model?
### Response:
| Consuming hydrogen-rich water might be beneficial in suppressing periodontitis progression by decreasing gingival oxidative stress. |
### Instruction:
Do repeated sprints alter signaling related to mitochondrial biogenesis in humans?
### Response:
| Both acute and chronic RSE, despite only 60 s and 12 min of exercise, respectively, altered the molecular signaling associated with mitochondrial adaptations and PGC-1α mRNA expression in skeletal muscle. However, the small-to-moderate changes in resting PGC-1α protein abundance after training, together with the absenc... |
### Instruction:
Does hidden renal dysfunction cause increased in-hospital mortality risk after coronary artery bypass graft surgery?
### Response:
| More than one quarter of the patients with serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dL had creatinine clearance <60 mL/min. This expressive number of patients, that would not have their renal dysfunction detected by the serum creatinine parameter alone, had double the risk of death, longer total hospital stay and post-surgical hospita... |
### Instruction:
Is absolute interdialytic weight gain more important than percent weight gain for intradialytic hypotension in heavy patients?
### Response:
| Absolute IDWG, rather than IDWG%, is an independent risk factor for IDH in heavy haemodialysis patients. Therefore, higher absolute IDWG needs to be strictly controlled despite the corresponding IDWG% possibly being relatively small in heavy haemodialysis patients. |
### Instruction:
Does increased liver stiffness denote hepatic dysfunction and mortality risk in critically ill non-cirrhotic patients at a medical ICU?
### Response:
| Considering that liver stiffness cannot be validly measured in about 30% of ICU patients, transient elastography performed at ICU admission might be a useful tool to early identify liver dysfunction and predict mortality in critically ill patients at a medical ICU. |
### Instruction:
Does n-terminal domain of soluble epoxide hydrolase negatively regulate the VEGF-mediated activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase?
### Response:
| In addition to epoxide hydrolase activity, phosphatase activity of sEH plays a pivotal role in the regulation of eNOS activity and NO-mediated EC functions. |
### Instruction:
Does the loss of α2β1 integrin suppress joint inflammation and cartilage destruction in mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that α2β1 integrin contributes significantly to inflammatory cartilage destruction by promoting fibroblast proliferation and attachment and MMP expression. |
### Instruction:
Does preconditioning of intravenous parecoxib attenuate focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats?
### Response:
| Pretreatment with intravenous parecoxib was neuroprotective. Its effects may be associated with the attenuation of inflammatory reaction and the inhibition of inflammatory mediators. |
### Instruction:
Does patient involvement in mental health care : one size fit all?
### Response:
| There are three main problems in the literature concerning patient involvement. First, there is a proliferation of conceptualizations of the topic, leading to conceptual vagueness. Furthermore, there is a lack of quantitative data, and some aspects of involvement remain underexposed, such as the involvement of specific... |
### Instruction:
Does inhibitor of differentiation-3 mediate high fat diet-induced visceral fat expansion?
### Response:
| Results identify Id3 as an important regulator of HFD-induced visceral adipose VEGFA expression, microvascular blood volume, and depot expansion. Inhibition of Id3 may have potential as a therapeutic strategy to limit visceral adiposity. |
### Instruction:
Does the natural plant product sophocarpine ameliorate dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice by regulating cytokine balance?
### Response:
| In conclusion, sophocarpine significantly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production. Based upon our results, we suggest that sophocarpine is an effective agent for treating colonic inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Is retention of movement pattern changes after a lower extremity injury prevention program affected by program duration?
### Response:
| Results suggest that training duration may be an important factor to consider when designing injury prevention programs that facilitate long-term changes in movement control. |
### Instruction:
Is angiotensin-converting enzyme DD polymorphism associated with poor coronary collateral circulation in patients with coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| This study showed that ACE DD polymorphism is associated with poor CCC. Poor collateral circulation in patients carrying the D allele may be associated with endothelial dysfunction and elevated blood ACE levels in these patients. |
### Instruction:
Does exposure to a dog elicit different cardiovascular and behavioral effects in pregnant and lactating goats?
### Response:
| When goats were exposed to a dog during pregnancy, their heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma cortisol increased, in contrast to lactation when only their blood pressure and plasma cortisol increased. However, when they were lactating, goats vocalized more and started to ruminate later compared to when they were preg... |
### Instruction:
Is robot-assisted total gastrectomy comparable with laparoscopically assisted total gastrectomy for early gastric cancer?
### Response:
| Despite early experiences, RATG was shown to be comparable with LATG in terms of surgical and oncologic outcomes. However, no apparent benefit is associated with RATG to date. |
### Instruction:
Is trainees ' adenoma detection rate higher if ≥ 10 minutes is spent on withdrawal during colonoscopy?
### Response:
| First-year trainees had a significantly higher ADR if their colonoscopic WT is ≥ 10 min. |
### Instruction:
Are vimentin and laminin altered on cheek pouch microvessels of streptozotocin-induced diabetic hamsters?
### Response:
| Antibodies against laminin and vimentin inhibit branching morphogenesis in vitro. Therefore, laminin and vimentin participating in the structure of the focal adhesion may play a role in angiogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Do extremes of an aromatase index predict increased 25-year risk of cardiovascular mortality in older women?
### Response:
| These results suggest that aromatase is a novel endocrine factor predictive of CVD mortality among postmenopausal women. If confirmed, additional studies are needed to determine whether extremes of aromatase reflect genetic influences or underlying disease processes. |
### Instruction:
Does dexmedetomidine attenuate remote lung injury induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion in mice?
### Response:
| Dexmedetomidine is capable of attenuating remote lung injury induced by renal IR via both α(2) adrenoceptors dependent and independent mechanisms. |
### Instruction:
Is serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 an early marker of pancreatic necrosis in patients with severe acute pancreatitis?
### Response:
| An elevation in serum MMP-9 within the first 24 hours of disease is strongly associated with the development of pancreatic necrosis. This finding may have important clinical implications and requires further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Does oral administration of docosahexaenoic acid attenuate interleukin-1β response and clinical course of septic neonates?
### Response:
| Oral supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid to neonates attenuates IL-1β response and the clinical course of sepsis. This may be an additional strategy to further benefit ill neonates even if they are not candidates for parenteral nutrition. |
### Instruction:
Are polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase a risk factor for Kawasaki disease in the Korean population?
### Response:
| The genetic distribution of the MTHFR SNPs (rs2274976, rs1801131, and rs1801133) was not different in the KD group compared to the control group. In addition, the genetic distribution of these SNPs was not different in the CAL group compared to the control group in the Korean population. |
### Instruction:
Does screening urine analysis before bacille Calmette-Guérin instillation reduce the rate of infectious complications?
### Response:
| • Urine analysis can safely be omitted before administration of BCG in asymptomatic patients. • Omission of urine analysis could save time and expense during the office-based treatment of bladder cancer. |
### Instruction:
Are variables of the Theory of Planned Behavior associated with family meal frequency among adolescents?
### Response:
| To increase family meal frequency, nutrition educators are encouraged to focus on increasing intention, creating positive norms about the family meal, and reducing perceived barriers caused by time conflicts. |
### Instruction:
Does continuous apple consumption induce oral tolerance in birch-pollen-associated apple allergy?
### Response:
| In patients with OAS to apple, tolerance can be safely induced with slowly, gradually increasing consumption of apple. However, the observation of a relapse after discounting of apple consumption and absence of immunologic changes suggest that induced tolerance is only transient. |
### Instruction:
Does fIBTEM provide early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma?
### Response:
| FIBTEM A10 and FIBTEM MCF provided similar predictive values for massive transfusion in trauma patients to the most predictive laboratory parameters. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings. |
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