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### Instruction:
Is lesser than diabetes hyperglycemia in pregnancy related to perinatal mortality : a cohort study in Brazil?
### Response:
| In settings of limited detection and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus, women across a spectrum of lesser than diabetes hyperglycemia, experienced a continuous rise in perinatal death with increasing levels of glycemia after 34 weeks of pregnancy. Current GDM diagnostic criteria identified this increased risk ... |
### Instruction:
Does mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients have decreased in the era of therapeutic hypothermia?
### Response:
| Concurrently with the implementation of TH, hospital mortality of OHCA patients treated in Finnish ICUs decreased. |
### Instruction:
Does body weight impact pregnancy rates during use of a low-dose extended-regimen 91-day oral contraceptive?
### Response:
| No evidence of any reduction in the level of contraceptive efficacy was observed with this low-dose extended OC regimen in overweight and obese women. |
### Instruction:
Is permanent right-to-left shunt the key factor in managing patent foramen ovale?
### Response:
| Despite its small-sample nature, our study suggests that patients with permanent right-to-left shunt have potentially a higher risk of paradoxical embolism compared with those without. |
### Instruction:
Is apoptosis-inducing factor involved in gentamicin-induced vestibular hair cell death?
### Response:
| AIF participates in GM-induced apoptosis of vestibular hair cells. |
### Instruction:
Do cD8+ T cells provide an immunologic signature of tuberculosis in young children?
### Response:
| Among young children, M. tuberculosis-specific CD8(+) T cells develop in response to high bacillary loads, as occurs during tuberculosis, and are unlikely to be found after M. tuberculosis exposure. T-cell responses measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are generated after M. tuberculosis exposure alone, and t... |
### Instruction:
Are thromboembolic events associated with prolonged clot lysis time in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation?
### Response:
| Stroke or other thromboembolic event in AF patients is associated with impaired lysability of fibrin clots combined with elevated PAI-1, TAFI, sTM, and α2AP. |
### Instruction:
Do n-terminal arginines modulate plasma-membrane localization of Kv7.1/KCNE1 channel complexes?
### Response:
| The results of our study indicate that N-terminal arginines in positions 32, 33, 36 of KCNE1 are important for reconstitution of I(Ks). Furthermore, our results hint towards a role of these N-terminal amino-acids in membrane representation of the delayed rectifier channel complex. |
### Instruction:
Does phylogenetic and complementation analysis of a single-stranded DNA binding protein family from lactococcal phages indicate a non-bacterial origin?
### Response:
| Here we identified for the first time a group of phages encoded SSBs which are clearly distinct from their bacterial counterparts. All methods supported the recognition of these phage proteins as a new family within the SSB superfamily. Our findings suggest that unlike other phages, the virulent lactococcal phages carr... |
### Instruction:
Do excess circulating alternatively activated myeloid ( M2 ) cells accelerate ALS progression while inhibiting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis?
### Response:
| Taken together, these results emphasize the distinct requirements for fighting the inflammatory neurodegenerative disease, multiple sclerosis, and the neurodegenerative disease, ALS, though both share a local inflammatory component. Moreover, the increased levels of circulating MDSCs in ALS patients indicates the opera... |
### Instruction:
Does serum cystatin C correlate negatively with viral load in treatment-naïve children with chronic hepatitis C?
### Response:
| Cystatin C levels correlated negatively with HCV viremia. This finding may reflect an inhibitory effect of cystatin C on HCV replication through inhibiting its NS2/3 and tempting for further studies for cystatin C as a possible adjuvant therapy for HCV infection. |
### Instruction:
Does presence of minimal change esophagitis closely correlate with pathological conditions in the stomach?
### Response:
| Pathological conditions of the stomach relate to higher gastric acid secretion correlates with grade M esophagitis. In grade M cases, appearance of MR may reflect higher gastric acid secretion or severe acid reflux than cases that have grade MW only. |
### Instruction:
Are rAS mutations associated with the development of cutaneous squamous cell tumors in patients treated with RAF inhibitors?
### Response:
| Squamous cell tumors from patients treated with an RAF inhibitor have a distinct mutational profile that supports a mechanism of therapy-induced tumorigenesis in RAS-primed cells. Conceivably, cotargeting of MEK together with RAF may reduce or prevent formation of these tumors. |
### Instruction:
Does childhood and adult mortality from unintentional fall in India?
### Response:
| In India, unintentional falls are a major public health problem that disproportionately affects older women and children. The contexts in which these falls occur and the resulting morbidity and disability need to be better understood. In India there is an urgent need to develop, test and implement interventions aimed a... |
### Instruction:
Does altered physiology of acid secretion in depression-prone Flinders rats result in exacerbated NSAID and stress-induced gastric damage?
### Response:
| Our study, for the first time, demonstrates that the altered vagally mediated physiology of acid secretion in depression-prone FSL rats contributes to gastric hypersecretion and, consequently, results in exacerbated stress and NSAID-induced gastric damage. Flinders rats may be a useful animal model for studying acid-re... |
### Instruction:
Does chronic stress enhance calcium mobilization and glutamate exocytosis in cerebrocortical synaptosomes from mice?
### Response:
| These results indicate that chronic stress enhances depolarization-evoked glutamate release by increasing [Ca(2+)](i) via stimulation of Ca(2+) entry through P- and N-type Ca(2+) channels, and that chronic stress increases the sensitivity to depolarizing agents. |
### Instruction:
Does c1-esterase inhibitor infusion increase survival rates for patients with sepsis*?
### Response:
| In the present study, patients in the lowest quartile of C1-esterase inhibitor activity in combination with high C-reactive protein demonstrated a higher risk of developing severe sepsis. In general, high-dose C1-esterase inhibitor infusion down-regulated the systemic inflammatory response and was associated with impro... |
### Instruction:
Do impact of a retrotrigonal layer backup stitch on post-prostatectomy incontinence?
### Response:
| A RTBS does not appear to improve urinary incontinence after RALP. Further anatomical study and prospective randomized studies will be needed to confirm this. |
### Instruction:
Is ectopic pancreas presenting as periampullary tumor with obstructive jaundice and pruritus a rare diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma . A case report?
### Response:
| This case highlights importance of preoperative histological diagnosis of periampullary tumors to avoid morbid surgical procedure in the form pancreaticoduodenectomy. Ectopic pancreas should include differential diagnosis of periampullary tumors. |
### Instruction:
Does platelet transfusion alter CD40L blood level and release capacity in patients suffering from thrombocytopenia?
### Response:
| In patients with thrombocytopenia, sCD40L levels were clearly influenced by PLT transfusions: PLT administration led to a normalization of sCD40L plasma concentration. Nevertheless, adverse transfusion reactions did not occur in these patients. The sCD40L release capacity was enhanced by PLT administration dependent on... |
### Instruction:
Does emotion modulate cognitive flexibility in patients with major depression?
### Response:
| The present data indicate that any depression-related difficulties with cognitive flexibility and control may be particularly evident on matched tasks that require processing of relevant emotional, rather than simply neutral, stimuli. The implications of these findings for our developing understanding of cognitive and ... |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of c-Src tyrosine kinase prevent angiotensin II-mediated connexin-43 remodeling and sudden cardiac death?
### Response:
| Renin-angiotensin system activation is associated with c-Src up-regulation, Cx43 loss, reduced myocyte coupling, and arrhythmic sudden death, which can be prevented by c-Src inhibition. This suggests that an increase in c-Src activity may help mediate renin-angiotensin system-induced arrhythmias and that c-Src inhibito... |
### Instruction:
Is the efficiency of male fertility restoration dependent on the recovery kinetics of spermatogonial stem cells after cytotoxic treatment with busulfan in mice?
### Response:
| The loss and restoration of fertility after busulfan treatment are direct consequences of SSC loss and expansion. Our data suggest that there is a threshold in SSC numbers that allows for male fertility restoration and that the testicular somatic environment responds rapidly and temporarily to the loss of spermatogonia... |
### Instruction:
Do human brain endothelial cells endeavor to immunoregulate CD8 T cells via PD-1 ligand expression in multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| Our observations suggest that brain endothelial cells contribute to control T cell transmigration into the CNS and immune responses via PD-L2 expression. However, such impact is impaired in MS lesions due to downregulation of endothelium PD-L2 levels. |
### Instruction:
Is frailty independently associated with short-term outcomes for elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Frailty is strongly and independently associated with in-hospital mortality, 1-month mortality, prolonged hospital care, and the primary composite outcome. The combined use of frailty and comorbidity may constitute an ultimate risk prediction concept in regard to cardiovascular patients with complex needs. |
### Instruction:
Is mild retinopathy a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in Japanese with and without hypertension : the Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study?
### Response:
| Mild hypertensive retinopathy is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality independently of cardiovascular risk factors among men and women with and without hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Do defects in GLP-1 response to an oral challenge play a significant role in the pathogenesis of prediabetes?
### Response:
| The lack of association of GLP-1 concentrations with glucose tolerance status and with insulin secretion and action in a cohort encompassing the full spectrum of prediabetes strongly argues against a significant contribution of defects in GLP-1 secretion to the pathogenesis of prediabetes. |
### Instruction:
Does urinary bisphenol A ( BPA ) concentration associate with obesity and insulin resistance?
### Response:
| BPA was positively associated with generalized obesity, abdominal obesity, and insulin resistance in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. |
### Instruction:
Is continuous ultra-low-intensity artificial daylight as effective as red LED light in photodynamic therapy of multiple actinic keratoses?
### Response:
| Even very low-intensity/dose artificial daylight-mediated PDT of multiple AKs resulted in a response rate of more than 50%. However, to ensure efficacies equivalent to conventional LED-PDT, the treatment should not be conducted on very overcast days. |
### Instruction:
Are vitamin D serum level changes in psoriatic patients treated with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy related to the season of the irradiation?
### Response:
| The different baseline values of 25(OH)D serum levels in winter and summer patients result from seasonal variability in solar irradiance. Thus, outdoor solar radiation affects the patients over a much longer period, and artificial UV light is the main factor responsible for increase in 25(OH)D serum level over a 30-day... |
### Instruction:
Is uVA-activated synthesis of metalloproteinases 1 , 3 and 9 prevented by a broad-spectrum sunscreen?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated the efficacy of this broad-spectrum sunscreen in preventing UVA-induced effects on the markers of photoaging and photocarcinogenesis in vitro. It was able to protect HaCaT keratinocytes from UVA-induced β-catenin translocation to the nucleus and MMPs expression. |
### Instruction:
Are nevirapine plasma concentrations associated with virologic response and hepatotoxicity in Chinese patients with HIV infection?
### Response:
| Among Chinese patients with HIV infection, the therapeutic C(trough) of nevirapine was 3.9 µg/ml, higher than the recommended 3.0 µg/ml. The correlation between nevirapine concentrations, efficacy and hepatotoxicity suggests the benefit of dosage adjustment based on therapeutic drug monitoring among Chinese HIV-infecte... |
### Instruction:
Does prostate cancer incidence in Australia correlate inversely with solar radiation?
### Response:
| • There exists an association between less solar radiation and higher prostate cancer incidence in Australia. |
### Instruction:
Does urokinase receptor associate with myocardin to control vascular smooth muscle cells phenotype in vascular disease?
### Response:
| These findings reveal the transcriptional activity of uPAR, controlling the differentiation of VSMCs in a vascular disease model. They also suggest a new role for uPAR as a therapeutic target and as a marker for VSMC phenotyping on prosthetic biomaterials. |
### Instruction:
Does leflunomide induce apoptosis in fludarabine-resistant and clinically refractory CLL cells?
### Response:
| We thus show that A771726 overcomes CD40L/IL-4-mediated resistance to fludarabine in CLL cells of untreated as well as clinically refractory CLL cells. We present a possible novel therapeutic principle for attacking chemoresistant CLL cells. |
### Instruction:
Do gram-positive bacteria on grass pollen exhibit adjuvant activity inducing inflammatory T cell responses?
### Response:
| These data indicate that grass pollen is colonized by several microorganisms that influence the immune response differently. Similar to LPS, supernatants of homogenized Gram-positive bacteria may serve as adjuvants by augmenting DC maturation and inflammatory Th1, Th2 and Th17 responses helping to initiate allergic imm... |
### Instruction:
Is hyperglycemia associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality after colectomy for cancer?
### Response:
| Even mild hyperglycemia was associated with adverse outcomes after colectomy, suggesting that a perioperative BG target of 80 to 120 mg/dL, although avoiding hypoglycemia, might be appropriate. Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings. |
### Instruction:
Does staphylococcal-derived superantigen enhance peanut induced Th2 responses in the skin?
### Response:
| These results identify that in the skin environment, the presence of SEB can significantly increase the numbers of allergen-induced Th2 cells which develop in response to subsequent allergen exposure. These data highlight the process by which individuals may become pathologically sensitized to food allergens in early l... |
### Instruction:
Do fish polar lipids retard atherosclerosis in rabbits by down-regulating PAF biosynthesis and up-regulating PAF catabolism?
### Response:
| Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) polar lipids modulate PAF metabolism upon atherosclerotic conditions in rabbits leading to lower PAF levels and activity in blood of rabbits with reduced early atherosclerotic lesions compared to control group. |
### Instruction:
Does cD80 ( B7.1 ) is express on both malignant B cells and nonmalignant stromal cells in non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
### Response:
| CD80 is expressed on both malignant cells and the nonmalignant cells in NHL. Therapeutic targeting of CD80 will therefore modulate the complex intercellular interactions that define the tumor microenvironment in NHL. |
### Instruction:
Is midregional proadrenomedullin ( MR-proADM ) a powerful predictor of early death in AL amyloidosis?
### Response:
| Midregional-proADM is a powerful prognostic marker in AL amyloidosis, which may not only reflect cardiac dysfunction but also widespread systemic disease, and can be combined with cTn for detecting patients at risk of early death. |
### Instruction:
Is the gene encoding the melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 associated with schizophrenia in a Danish case-control sample?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that MCHR1 may influence schizophrenia susceptibility, in particular among men and patients responding to conventional (nonclozapine) treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic in human periodontal ligament cells?
### Response:
| LL-37 strongly attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine and chemokine expression and, in high concentrations, reduces cell proliferation through inhibition of DNA synthesis and by promoting apoptosis in human periodontal ligament cells. |
### Instruction:
Is sympathetic chain clipping for hyperhidrosis a reversible procedure?
### Response:
| There are Wallerian degeneration and axon loss 10 days after clipping. The almost total absence of myelinated and amyelinated fibers following clip removal suggests that there was no nerve regeneration, and that therefore clipping cannot be considered a reversible technique. |
### Instruction:
Does dexamethasone have additive effect when combined with ondansetron and droperidol for treatment of established PONV?
### Response:
| Treatment of established PONV comprising ondansetron and droperidol, with or without dexamethasone, reduced PONV in both treatment groups. In those reporting PONV without active prophylaxis, the addition of dexamethasone resulted in a significant amplification of the PONV-reducing [corrected] effects of ondansetron and... |
### Instruction:
Is cutaneous resonance running time decreased in psoriatic lesions?
### Response:
| Cutaneous resonance running times are decreased in psoriatic lesions. Reduction of CRRTs varies with measurement directions, but not gender or age. Measurement of CRRTs could be another valuable approach to assess the severity of psoriasis and the efficacy of its treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does the surgical intensive care unit optimal mobility score predict mortality and length of stay?
### Response:
| In surgical critically ill patients presenting without preexisting impairment of functional mobility, the surgical intensive care unit optimal mobility score is a reliable and valid tool to predict mortality and intensive care unit and hospital length of stay. |
### Instruction:
Does mild hypothermia decrease fentanyl and midazolam steady-state clearance in a rat model of cardiac arrest?
### Response:
| Mild hypothermia reduces the systemic clearances of fentanyl and midazolam in rats after cardiac arrest through alterations in cytochrome P450 3a2 metabolic capacity rather than enzyme affinity as observed with other cytochrome P450s. Contrasting effects on blood and brain levels further complicates drug dosing. Consid... |
### Instruction:
Does melatonin membrane receptor type MT1 modulate cell-mediated immunity in the seasonally breeding tropical rodent Funambulus pennanti?
### Response:
| Immune function in tropical rodents is directly regulated by melatonin via its high-affinity membrane receptor MT1. MT1R plays a directive role in mediating splenocyte proliferation and IL-2 release, while the MT2R subtype appears not to be required for the immunoenhancing role of melatonin. |
### Instruction:
Does gM-CSF contribute to prompt healing of ecthyma gangrenosum lesions in kidney transplant recipient?
### Response:
| We suggest that the combination of GM-CSF with appropriate antibiotics can resolve EG and avoid or minimize the risk of septicemia in immunosuppressed patients. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Postprandial lipemia induce endothelial dysfunction and higher insulin resistance in healthy subjects ]?
### Response:
| Postprandial lipemia causes changes in circulating lipid profile and induces endothelial dysfunction and higher insulin resistance. |
### Instruction:
Do perceptions of conflict of interest disclosures among peer reviewers?
### Response:
| We recommend that the monetary amount of all financial relationships be reported with manuscript submissions, lead authors certify that they have unrestricted access to data, and reviewers disclose any financial ties to industry whether or not they are related to the manuscript under review. Further research is require... |
### Instruction:
Does age-corrected beta cell mass following onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus correlate with plasma C-peptide in humans?
### Response:
| Given the correlation between beta cell mass and plasma C-peptide following onset, plasma C-peptide may provide a surrogate measure of beta cell mass in humans. The clinical relevance of this study is that therapeutic strategies that provide an increase in plasma C-peptide over the predicted value for an individual may... |
### Instruction:
Do quantum dots affect expression of CD133 surface antigen in melanoma cells?
### Response:
| Treatment of melanoma cells with QDs results in an increase of stem-like cell subpopulations. The changes in phenotype distribution of the melanoma cells after the treatment with QDs are comparable with the changes after ionizing radiation. |
### Instruction:
Does intratracheal instillation of cerium oxide nanoparticles induce hepatic toxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats?
### Response:
| Taken together, these data suggest that intratracheal instillation of CeO(2) nanoparticles can result in liver damage. |
### Instruction:
Do multifunctional dendrimer/combretastatin A4 inclusion complexes enable in vitro targeted cancer therapy?
### Response:
| Multifunctional dendrimers may serve as a valuable carrier to form stable inclusion complexes with various hydrophobic anticancer drugs with improved water solubility, for targeting chemotherapy to different types of cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does exposure to gold nanoparticles produce cardiac tissue damage that depends on the size and duration of exposure?
### Response:
| The histological alterations induced by intraperitoneal administration of GNPs were size-dependent with smaller ones induced more affects and related with time exposure of GNPs. This study suggests that interaction of GNPs with proteins and various cell types might be evaluated as part of the toxicological assessment i... |
### Instruction:
Does transrectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy reliably identify dominant cancer location in men with low-risk prostate cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings show that TRUS-guided biopsy detects and localizes DV better than it does DG. Even with an extended scheme, TRUS-guided biopsy does not reliably identify dominant cancer location in this low-risk cohort of men with early stage prostate cancer. TRUS-guided biopsy may perform better in similar men with low s... |
### Instruction:
Do redesign of a fixture mount to be used as an impression coping and a provisional abutment as well?
### Response:
| More patient satisfaction can be conferred by employing the fixture mount in the process of immediate impression taking and as an immediate provisional abutment. |
### Instruction:
Do dOF-binding sites additively contribute to guard cell-specificity of AtMYB60 promoter?
### Response:
| These findings shed light on the regulation of gene expression in guard cells and provide new promoter modules as useful tools for manipulating gene expression in guard cells, both for physiological studies and future biotechnological applications. |
### Instruction:
Does longer Tc-99m-mebrofenin labeling-to-administration time result in scintigraphic underestimation of liver function?
### Response:
| There is a significant underestimation of MSLC with increasing LTA time. If liver function assessment is the purpose of a hepatobiliary study, Tc-99m-mebrofenin should be administered as close to the time of radiopharmaceutical preparation as possible, preferably within 1 hour. |
### Instruction:
Is mortality of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock treated by PCI correlated to the infarct-related artery -- results from the PL-ACS Registry?
### Response:
| In-hospital and long-term mortality of patients with STEMI and CS treated by PCI are significantly correlated to the IRA, being highest for LM and lowest for RCA. |
### Instruction:
Does carotid stenting improve cognitive function in asymptomatic cerebral ischemia?
### Response:
| Successful CS improves neurocognitive function in asymptomatic ICA stenosis or occlusion with objective ipsilateral ischemia. |
### Instruction:
Does salvinorin A pretreatment preserve cerebrovascular autoregulation after brain hypoxic/ischemic injury via extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase in piglets?
### Response:
| Salvinorin A pretreatment preserves autoregulation of the pial artery to hypotension and hypercapnia after hypoxia/ischemia via ERK in a piglet model. |
### Instruction:
Is carotid endarterectomy in the acute phase of stroke-in-evolution safe and effective in selected patients?
### Response:
| This short series demonstrates that CEA in the acute phase of SIE with strict selection criteria and close blood pressure monitoring is safe, even after recent thrombolytic therapy, and is effective in functional outcome at 3 months. Larger series of patients are required to confirm the safety and efficacy of this mana... |
### Instruction:
Do pattern of childhood burn injuries and their management outcome at Bugando Medical Centre in Northwestern Tanzania?
### Response:
| Childhood burn injuries still remain a menace in our environment with virtually unacceptable high morbidity and mortality. There is need for critical appraisal of the preventive measures and management principles currently being practiced. |
### Instruction:
Do single nucleotide polymorphisms of toll-like receptor-4 protect against acne conglobata?
### Response:
| Carriage of gene SNPs is protective against the development of acne conglobata even in the presence of P. acnes. |
### Instruction:
Is cannabinoid receptor 1 gene associated with alcohol dependence?
### Response:
| Our findings support previously reported associations of CNR1 with dependence to alcohol and other substances and emphasizes the relevance of endocannabinoid system in AD. |
### Instruction:
Is retinal oxygen saturation altered in diabetic retinopathy?
### Response:
| Retinal vessel oxygen saturation is higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy than in healthy controls. Possible explanations include shunting of blood through preferential channels, bypassing non-perfused capillaries in the capillary network. Parts of the retinal tissue may be hypoxic while blood in larger vessels ... |
### Instruction:
Is naV 1.8 , but not NaV 1.9 , upregulated in the inflamed dental pulp tissue of human primary teeth?
### Response:
| Na(V) 1.8 alone may be the therapeutic target for treatment of painful pulpitis in primary teeth. |
### Instruction:
Do epidemiology and disposition of burn injuries among infants presenting to a tertiary-care pediatric emergency department?
### Response:
| Although most infant burns in our emergency department are due to scalds, burn injuries due to contact with household objects are common. Race plays a significant role in mechanism and severity of burn sustained. Increased severity of burn, concern for abuse, and burn to the hand were all associated with increased odds... |
### Instruction:
Does tantalum augment for Paprosky IIIA defects remain stable at midterm followup?
### Response:
| Although the complication rate requiring further surgery was considerable, most patients with these reconstructions had pain relief and reasonable function with low rates of loosening at midterm followup. |
### Instruction:
Are vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms involved in the late vascular complications in Type II diabetic patients?
### Response:
| This study provides preliminary evidence that VEGF polymorphisms are associated with a differential presentation of diabetic vascular complications. |
### Instruction:
Is coronary artery disease detectable by multi-slice computed tomography in most asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients at high cardiovascular risk?
### Response:
| MSCT seems to better identify CAD than myocardial SPECT in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. |
### Instruction:
Are pro-inflammatory gene expression and neurotoxic effects of activated microglia attenuated by absence of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β?
### Response:
| These findings show involvement of C/EBPβ in the regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression in glial activation, and demonstrate for the first time a key role for C/EBPβ in the induction of neurotoxic effects by activated microglia. |
### Instruction:
Do an analysis of the decision-making process for single implant treatment in general practice?
### Response:
| Single implant treatment is not the most common procedure in daily practice to restore a single tooth gap. Patient's education, oral factors and clinician-related factors may affect the decision-making process, whereas medical factors may not. |
### Instruction:
Is iron deficiency associated with increased levels of blood cadmium in the Korean general population : analysis of 2008-2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data?
### Response:
| We found, similar to other recent population-based studies, an association between iron deficiency and increased blood cadmium in men and women, independent of smoking status. The results of the present study show that iron deficiency is associated with increased levels of blood cadmium in the general population. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel frame-shift mutation in FRMD7 cause X-linked idiopathic congenital nystagmus in a Chinese family?
### Response:
| Our results expand the spectrum of FRMD7 mutations causing ICN, and further confirm the role of FRMD7 in the pathogenesis of ICN. Direct sequencing of FRMD7 could be used as a diagnostic testing of idiopathic congenital nystagmus. |
### Instruction:
Is log-transformed plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease quantitatively associated with myocardial dysfunction?
### Response:
| Elevated BNP levels during the acute phase of Kawasaki disease may be attributable to cardiac dysfunction associated with the increase in left ventricular mass, and log-BNP concentration may be a quantitative biochemical marker of myocarditis in Kawasaki disease. |
### Instruction:
Is 124I-huA33 antibody uptake driven by A33 antigen concentration in tissues from colorectal cancer patients imaged by immuno-PET?
### Response:
| The in vivo biodistribution of (124)I-huA33 in human patients 1 wk after antibody administration was determined by A33 antigen expression. Our data imply that the optimal strategy for A33-based radioimmunotherapy of colon cancer will consist of a multistep treatment using a radionuclide with short-range (α- or β-partic... |
### Instruction:
Does baseline sympathetic nervous system activity predict dietary weight loss in obese metabolic syndrome subjects?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that baseline sympathetic drive and nutritional sympathetic responsiveness may be important prognostic biological markers for weight loss outcome. |
### Instruction:
Are markers of inflammatory status associated with hearing threshold in older people : findings from the Hertfordshire Ageing Study?
### Response:
| Markers of inflammatory status were significantly associated with degree of hearing loss in older people. The findings are consistent with the possibility that inflammatory changes occurring with ageing may be involved in age-related hearing loss. Longitudinal data would enable this hypothesis to be explored further. |
### Instruction:
Does perception of a naturalistic stressor interact with 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 genotype and gender to impact reward responsiveness?
### Response:
| While in need of replication in a larger sample, our results indicate that stress associated with a real-life event is linked to reduced reward responsiveness, the susceptibility to which is modulated by 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 genotype. Although preliminary, these findings identify anhedonia as a promising mechanism linking ... |
### Instruction:
Does 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole attenuate brain ischemic injury in diabetic stroke via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway involving CHOP?
### Response:
| The study demonstrates the neuroprotective potential of 3-BNI in diabetic stroke model which may be partly due to inhibition of ER stress pathway involving CHOP. |
### Instruction:
Are alcohol and macronutrient intake patterns related to general and central adiposity?
### Response:
| Alcohol intake was inversely associated to relative body fat in women whereas spirits consumption was positively related to central and general obesity in men. Macronutrient intakes, particularly protein and fat, were differently associated with obesity indicators in men versus women. This may reflect a differential ef... |
### Instruction:
Does the chemical compound PTC124 affect cellular electrophysiology of cardiac ventricular myocytes?
### Response:
| PTC124 has no acute or long-term effects on rabbit ventricular action potentials. These experiments form the basis for future studies evaluating the use of this therapy in preventing potentially lethal arrhythmias in patients with BrS and/or conduction disease. |
### Instruction:
Does anti-oxidant defence mechanism in vitiliginous skin increase with skin type?
### Response:
| The correlation between antioxidant levels and clinical phototype confirmed the hypothesis that other factors than melanin determine largely the minimal erythema dose values in vitiligo lesional skin. |
### Instruction:
Is safer sex as the bolder choice : testosterone positively correlated with safer sex behaviorally relevant attitudes in young men?
### Response:
| Higher T was positively linked with safer sex attitudes, especially those most closely tied to STI risk avoidance. Thus, future research and interventions for STI prevention should address the possibility that safer sex may be paradoxically perceived as a "bold" or "risky" choice even as it decreases STI risk. |
### Instruction:
Does exercise lower blood pressure in university professors during subsequent teaching and sleeping hours?
### Response:
| Exercise induced a BP reduction in university professors, with the main effects being observed during subsequent teaching and sleeping hours. |
### Instruction:
Does excessive gestational weight gain predict large for gestational age neonates independent of maternal body mass index?
### Response:
| Pregravid overweight or obesity and gaining in excess of the IOM 2009 GWG guidelines strongly increase a woman's chance of having a larger baby. Lifestyle interventions that aim to optimize GWG by incorporating healthy eating and exercise strategies during pregnancy should be investigated to determine their effects on ... |
### Instruction:
Does proteomic analysis of secretagogue-stimulated neutrophils implicate a role for actin and actin-interacting proteins in Rac2-mediated granule exocytosis?
### Response:
| The control of Rac2-mediated degranulation in neutrophils likely functions through actin remodelling via activation of several actin-binding proteins. We found coronin-1A to be a novel downstream effector protein of this pathway that is threonine phosphorylated in response to secretagogue stimulation. |
### Instruction:
Is general application of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ( NICE ) guidance for active surveillance for men with prostate cancer appropriate in unscreened populations?
### Response:
| The NICE guidance was developed largely on data from North America where populations are highly screened using PSA testing. In the UK, many men with low-risk disease features have high-risk disease and the general applicability of the NICE guidance is questionable in unscreened populations. We recommend that radical th... |
### Instruction:
Does combined treatment with immunoadsorption and rituximab lead to fast and prolonged clinical remission in difficult-to-treat pemphigus vulgaris?
### Response:
| The present findings show that the combination of IA and Rtx induces rapid clinical remission and long-term control in difficult-to-treat pemphigus. |
### Instruction:
Does transsignaling of interleukin-6 crucially contribute to atherosclerosis in mice?
### Response:
| These data clarify, for the first time, the critical involvement of, in particular, the transsignaling of IL-6 in CAD and warrant further investigation of sgp130Fc as a novel therapeutic for the treatment of CAD and related diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does oral contraceptive and progestin-only use correlate to tissue tumor marker expression in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia?
### Response:
| The study showed molecular alterations, which, in general, have not been studied previously in COC users and have never been studied in progestogen-only users. These biological events might be involved in epidemiological correlations found between hormonal contraceptive use and cervical neoplasms. |
### Instruction:
Does small interfering RNA targeting mcl-1 enhance proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis in various solid malignant tumors?
### Response:
| Our results showed that it was not only Bik but also Mcl-1 accumulation during the treatment of proteasome inhibitors, and combining proteasome inhibitors with Mcl-1 siRNA would enhance the ultimate anticancer effect suggesting this combination might be a more effective strategy for cancer therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is willingness to share research data related to the strength of the evidence and the quality of reporting of statistical results?
### Response:
| Our findings on the basis of psychological papers suggest that statistical results are particularly hard to verify when reanalysis is more likely to lead to contrasting conclusions. This highlights the importance of establishing mandatory data archiving policies. |
### Instruction:
Is intestinal defensin secretion in infancy associated with the emergence of sensitization and atopic dermatitis?
### Response:
| Early innate immunity responses in the gut are associated with the emergence of sensitization and atopic dermatitis later in childhood. |
### Instruction:
Is interictal type 1 cannabinoid receptor binding increased in female migraine patients?
### Response:
| The increased interictal CB1R binding, especially in brain regions that exert top-down influences to modulate pain, supports the idea that endocannibinoid deficiency is present in female patients suffering from episodic migraine. |
### Instruction:
Does the Clinical Decision Unit have a role to play in the management of acute undifferentiated abdominal pain?
### Response:
| The management of stable AAP within the ED environment on a well-defined CDU pathway is feasible and can facilitate safe, efficient and effective care with early discharge and an increase in the accuracy of the final diagnosis. |
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