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### Instruction:
Is haemodilution-induced profibrinolytic state mitigated by fresh-frozen plasma : implications for early haemostatic intervention in massive haemorrhage?
### Response:
| We demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that progressive haemodilution decreases endogenous antifibrinolytic proteins including alpha(2)-antiplasmin and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, resulting in increased fibrinolytic tendency. Therefore, early fluid replacement therapy with FFP might be advantageous after... |
### Instruction:
Is paraoxonase 1 ( PON1 ) deficiency in mice associated with reduced expression of macrophage SR-BI and consequently the loss of HDL cytoprotection against apoptosis?
### Response:
| PON1 deficiency in mice is associated with decreased macrophage SR-BI expression, decreased cellular HDL binding, and consequently the loss of HDL-mediated cytoprotection against apoptosis, which may contribute to the accelerated atherosclerosis observed in PON1(0) mice. These findings add new insights into the functio... |
### Instruction:
Is peak radial and circumferential strain measured by velocity vector imaging a novel index for detecting vulnerable plaques in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| VVI offers a new and noninvasive technique for measuring the peak strain of atherosclerotic plaques and RSp and CSp are a novel index with a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting plaques vulnerable to rupture. |
### Instruction:
Does total adiponectin predict cardiovascular events in middle-aged men in a prospective , long-term follow-up study?
### Response:
| Levels of total plasma adiponectin are not useful for predicting long-term cardiovascular events in middle-aged men, but are strongly associated with glucose metabolism and markers of insulin resistance. |
### Instruction:
Are paraoxonase 1 arylesterase activity and mass reduced and inversely related to C-reactive protein in patients on either standard or home nocturnal hemodialysis?
### Response:
| PON1 is reduced in HNHD patients compared to HC subjects, independent of the concentration of HDL cholesterol. Within subjects on HD, the combination of increased CRP and reduced PON1 may identify subjects at a high risk for cardiovascular complications. |
### Instruction:
Does intake of sweet drinks and sweet treat versus reported and observed caries experience?
### Response:
| The PRAT and CAT are valuable tools in assessing children's caries risk. The risk of caries from frequent intake of sweet drinks, either alone or in addition to sweet treats, must be emphasised to parents. All parents, and particularly those of children assessed at high risk from intakes of sweet drinks and sweet treat... |
### Instruction:
Does sodium hyaluronate improve outcomes after arthroscopic lysis and lavage in patients with Wilkes stage III and IV disease?
### Response:
| An intra-articular injection of SH after arthroscopic lysis and lavage is effective in reducing pain in patients with TMJ dysfunction, enhancing postsurgical recovery. The analgesic effect of treatment with SH is maintained in the long term. |
### Instruction:
Do early predictors of massive transfusion in patients sustaining torso gunshot wounds in a civilian level I trauma center?
### Response:
| In patients requiring early operation and transfusion after torso GSW: (1) early initiation of MTP is reasonable for transpelvic and multicavitary trajectories regardless of initial hemodynamic status as multiple or difficult to control bleeding sources are likely and (2) early initiation of MTP in patients with LRT ma... |
### Instruction:
Does resuscitation with fresh whole blood ameliorate the inflammatory response after hemorrhagic shock?
### Response:
| Resuscitation with LR results in increased systemic inflammation, vascular permeability, and lung injury after hemorrhagic shock. Resuscitation with FWB attenuates the inflammation and lung injury seen with crystalloid resuscitation. These findings suggest that resuscitation strategies using fresh blood products potent... |
### Instruction:
Do traditional resuscitative practices fail to resolve metabolic acidosis in morbidly obese patients after severe blunt trauma?
### Response:
| Morbidly obese trauma patients show prolonged metabolic acidosis despite receiving similar volumes and attaining similar end points of resuscitation when compared with patients in other BMI groups. Inadequate resuscitation based on inaccurate end points and metabolic disturbances associated with increased BMI are likel... |
### Instruction:
Is severe hypoglycemia while on intensive insulin therapy an independent predictor of death after trauma?
### Response:
| Hypoglycemia may be an unavoidable byproduct of tight glucose control with 6.1% of the patients experiencing a severe hypoglycemic event (<40 mg/dL). Hypoglycemia is not an independent predictor of death. Hypoglycemia is a statistical probability of time spent on protocol rather than an event leading to death. These da... |
### Instruction:
Do can breast MRI predict axillary lymph node metastasis in women undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
### Response:
| Breast MRI has moderate sensitivity and high specificity for predicting axillary lymph node status prior to NAC. In patients found to be node positive prior to NAC, MRI was able to predict with moderate sensitivity and specificity whether residual nodal disease was present. The accuracy of MRI is not adequate to obviat... |
### Instruction:
Are fecal lactoferrin , myeloperoxidase and serum C-reactive effective biomarkers in the assessment of disease activity and severity in patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis?
### Response:
| Biomarkers are useful in assessing disease activity, severity and response to therapy in patients with UC. They showed a high degree of correlation with each other. |
### Instruction:
Are polymorphisms in O-methyltransferase genes associated with stover cell wall digestibility in European maize ( Zea mays L. )?
### Response:
| Several polymorphic sites for three O-methyltransferase loci were associated with stover cell wall digestibility. All three tested genes seem to be involved in controlling DNDF, in particular COMT. Thus, considerable variation among Bm3 wildtype alleles can be exploited for improving cell-wall digestibility. Target sit... |
### Instruction:
Do comparative analyses reveal distinct sets of lineage-specific genes within Arabidopsis thaliana?
### Response:
| Our analyses suggest that while a significant fraction of the A. thaliana proteome is conserved within the Plant Kingdom, evolutionarily distinct sets of genes that may function in defining biological processes unique to these lineages have arisen within the Brassicaceae and A. thaliana. |
### Instruction:
Is resistance to linezolid mediated by the cfr gene in the first report of an outbreak of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus?
### Response:
| We report the presence of the cfr gene underlying the resistance mechanism involved in a clinical outbreak of linezolid-resistant S. aureus. |
### Instruction:
Does human macrophage metalloelastase correlate with angiogenesis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma?
### Response:
| Overexpression of HME is strongly correlated with the reduced angiogenesis and vascular invasion of gastric carcinoma, and may serve as a useful predictive indicator in patients with this disease. |
### Instruction:
Does quality of life predict one-year survival in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators?
### Response:
| Quality of life is an important factor predicting 1-year survival in patients with ICDs. ACE medication and younger age also predict 1-year survival independent of QOL and each other. |
### Instruction:
Is protein kinase C-delta involved in the inflammatory effect of IL-6 in mouse adipose cells?
### Response:
| These results show that PKCdelta plays a key role in the inflammatory effect of IL-6 in adipose cells and may be a suitable target for novel anti-inflammatory agents. |
### Instruction:
Is hSP47 in lung fibroblasts a predictor of survival in fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia?
### Response:
| The present results suggest that lung fibroblast HSP47 expression may be a useful new prognostic marker for idiopathic fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. |
### Instruction:
Does diffusion tensor imaging identify changes in normal-appearing white matter within the epileptogenic zone in tuberous sclerosis complex?
### Response:
| DTI changes in normal-appearing white matter within the epileptogenic zone could represent abnormal white matter related to MRI-occult dysplastic cortex or ictal/interictal activity. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous bisphosphonate therapy acutely alter nuclear bone scan results?
### Response:
| These data do not support the hypothesis that IVBP therapy interferes with bone scan results. |
### Instruction:
Does beta-TrCP inhibition reduce prostate cancer cell growth via upregulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor?
### Response:
| Together these observations suggest that AhR activation may be a cancer counteracting mechanism in the prostate. We maintain that combining beta-TrCP inhibition with androgen ablation could benefit advanced prostate cancer patients. |
### Instruction:
Do children with atopic dermatitis have more anxiety or different cortisol levels compared with normal children?
### Response:
| Children with AD do not have more anxiety or different cortisol levels when compared with normal children, but the severe symptomatology of AD itself may cause anxiety levels to increase in children with AD. |
### Instruction:
Is growth of injected melanoma cells suppressed by whole body exposure to specific spatial-temporal configurations of weak intensity magnetic fields?
### Response:
| Exposure to specific spatial-temporal regulated electromagnetic field configurations had potent effects on the growth of experimental tumours in mice. |
### Instruction:
Does irradiation induce regionally specific alterations in pro-inflammatory environments in rat brain?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrated that whole brain irradiation induces regionally specific pro-inflammatory environments through activation of AP-1, NF-kappaB, and CREB and overexpression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and MCP-1 in rat brain and may contribute to unique pathways for the radiation-induced impairments in tissue fu... |
### Instruction:
Is hemoglobin A1c a reliable criterion for diagnosing type 1 diabetes in childhood and adolescence?
### Response:
| Childhood type 1 diabetes can be diagnosed and excluded with high reliability by means of HbA1c testing. |
### Instruction:
Is blue light phototoxic for B16F10 murine melanoma and bovine endothelial cell lines by direct cytocidal effect?
### Response:
| Exposure to blue light may offer new approaches to the treatment of superficial skin carcinomas in humans. |
### Instruction:
Does mifepristone treatment improve length and quality of survival of mice with spontaneous lung cancer?
### Response:
| These data suggest a possible novel cancer therapy using progesterone receptor antagonist drugs even in tumors not known to have progesterone receptors to try to change the tumor microenvironment and re-activate suppressed natural killer cells. |
### Instruction:
Is methylation of the DCC gene lost in advanced gastric cancer?
### Response:
| DCC methylation was observed in the course of gastric carcinogenesis and disappeared in advanced gastric carcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Does arbitrary starting point of separation affect morphology of the 2 bundles of anterior cruciate ligament at insertion sites?
### Response:
| In an anatomic study of the ACL, changes in the point from which separation started resulted in noticeably different bundle morphology at the insertion. |
### Instruction:
Do remnant posterior cruciate ligament-augmenting stent procedure for injuries in the acute or subacute stage?
### Response:
| Of the patients, 90% showed satisfactory posterior stability and 85% had a normal or nearly normal rating based on the IKDC score at a mean of 3 years after the remnant PCL-augmenting stent procedure in the acute or subacute stage of PCL injuries. |
### Instruction:
Is cD28 down-regulation on circulating CD4 T-cells associated with poor prognoses of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
### Response:
| Marked down-regulation of CD28 on circulating CD4 T-cells, a result of repeated antigen-driven proliferations, is associated with poor outcomes in IPF patients. The CD4(+)CD28(null) cells of these patients have potentially enhanced pathogenic characteristics, including increased productions of cytotoxic mediators and p... |
### Instruction:
Do shorter exposures to harder X-rays trigger early apoptotic events in Xenopus laevis embryos?
### Response:
| Overall, our data establish that the energy of the incident photon is a major contributor to the outcome of the biological system. In particular, for embryos exposed under identical conditions and delivered the same absorbed dose of radiation, the response is significantly increased when shorter bursts of more energeti... |
### Instruction:
Does kMUP-1 attenuate isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats through NO/cGMP/PKG and ERK1/2/calcineurin A pathways?
### Response:
| KMUP-1 attenuates the cardiac hypertrophy in rats induced by administration of ISO. These effects are mediated, at least in part, by NOS activation. This novel agent, which targets the NO/cGMP pathway, has a potential role in the prevention of cardiac hypertrophy. |
### Instruction:
Does lung morphology predict response to recruitment maneuver in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome?
### Response:
| Lung morphology at zero end-expiratory pressure predicts the response to recruitment maneuvers. Patients with focal lung morphology are at risk for significant hyperinflation during the recruitment maneuvers, and lung recruitment is rather limited. |
### Instruction:
Does chromosome 17 polysomy without human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 amplification predict response to lapatinib plus paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel in metastatic breast cancer?
### Response:
| This analysis could not confirm the hypothesis that Chr-17 polysomy in HER2-nonamplified patients improved chemotherapy outcome when lapatinib is added as a HER2-targeted treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does tNF-alpha regulate the effects of irradiation in the mouse bone marrow microenvironment?
### Response:
| Taken together, our data shows that TNF-alpha induction following irradiation modulates BM cell apoptosis and is a crucial event in BM dysfunction, secondary MDS onset and progression. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Efficacy of obturator and femoral cutaneous nerve block for postoperative analgesia in hip surgery ]?
### Response:
| The nerve blocks were effective, easy to perform, and safe. They afforded numerous advantages: extended period of postoperative analgesia, fast recovery, lower costs, and no complications. |
### Instruction:
Does the effectiveness of grand rounds lecture in a community-based teaching hospital?
### Response:
| Approximately 40% of material presented at grand rounds was retained within a 9 month period. Although this number seems low, this information was recalled without preparation. Despite the preference for distinguished guest speakers, there was no significant additional gain in knowledge from their expertise. Presentati... |
### Instruction:
Does preoperative functional status predict perioperative outcomes after infrainguinal bypass surgery?
### Response:
| Preoperative DEP is significantly correlated with all adverse 30-day outcomes in BPG patients. Furthermore, when combined in high-risk composites with specific preoperative clinical variables, DEP is associated with prohibitive MM, thereby identifying patient cohorts that may be unsuitable for BPG. |
### Instruction:
Is breakdown of the gut barrier in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome attenuated by continuous blood purification : effects on tight junction structural proteins?
### Response:
| Breakdown of gut barrier function is present in patients with MODS and may be correlated with poor outcomes in the disease. CBP can not only improve the general conditions, as measured by the APACHE II score, but also improve gut barrier dysfunction by attenuating the breakdown and reorganization of occludin and ZO-1. ... |
### Instruction:
Does nursing home residence confound gender differences in Medicare utilization an example of Simpson 's paradox?
### Response:
| Gender differences in Medicare utilization are strongly confounded by nursing home resident status, which can be imputed well from Medicare's carrier file, but not MedPAR. |
### Instruction:
Is multiparity associated with high motivation to change diet among overweight and obese postpartum women?
### Response:
| Although risk for obesity is incurred starting with a woman's first pregnancy, women in this study were more motivated to change their diet to lose weight after their third pregnancy. Further research is needed to understand how to best capitalize on the high motivation in women with several children as well as how to ... |
### Instruction:
Is plasma adiponectin concentration strongly associated with VLDL-TG catabolism in postmenopausal women?
### Response:
| Elevated plasma adiponectin concentration is associated with a favourable VLDL-TG metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Is class II beta-tubulin a novel marker for human tonsillar M cells and follicular dendritic cells?
### Response:
| Class II beta-tubulin is a specific histochemical marker for human tonsillar M cells and FDCs. Thus, class II beta-tubulin immunostaining may be useful to identify tonsillar M cells and to diagnose FDC proliferative lesions such as AILT. |
### Instruction:
Does a single lipid apheresis modulate pulse wave reflection in hypercholesterolemic patients?
### Response:
| The well-documented effects of a single LA on microvascular function are not associated with measurable changes in pulse wave reflection. Future studies are required in order to evaluate long-term effects of LA in this context. |
### Instruction:
Do experienced clinicians improve detection of third and fourth heart sounds by viewing acoustic cardiography?
### Response:
| While listening to heart sound recordings, viewing acoustic cardiography increased subjects' accuracy in detecting diastolic heart sounds, particularly among more experienced subjects. There was greater improvement for S(4) compared to S(3) detection. |
### Instruction:
Is soluble CD36 ( sCD36 ) clusters with markers of insulin resistance , and high sCD36 associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk?
### Response:
| Upper quartile sCD36 is associated with elevated diabetes risk independent of age, gender, and obesity. Baseline sCD36 does not, however, predict diabetes independent of fasting glucose and insulin. sCD36 clusters with important markers of insulin resistance and MetSy that are key predictors of type 2 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Does maternal vitamin D status determine bone variables in the newborn?
### Response:
| Although the mean total intake of vitamin D among mothers met current Nordic recommendations, 71% of women and 15% of newborns were vitamin D deficient during the pregnancy. Our results suggest that maternal vitamin D status affects bone mineral accrual during the intrauterine period and influences bone size. More effo... |
### Instruction:
Does submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing predict complications and hospital length of stay in patients undergoing major elective surgery?
### Response:
| An objective measure of cardiorespiratory reserve was an independent predictor of a major surgical group with increased postoperative complications and hospital LOS. AT measurement significantly improved outcome prediction compared with an algorithm-based activity assessment. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 upregulated during hospital admission in traumatic patients : lack of correlation with blunted innate immune responses?
### Response:
| These results indicate that trauma patients present a dysregulation of the innate immune system that persists during the first 14 days after hospital admission. |
### Instruction:
Is nipple areola skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap reconstruction an oncologically safe procedure : a single center study?
### Response:
| NASSM with immediate transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous reconstruction is a viable surgical treatment in breast cancer patients in any stage. Recurrence and complication rates for NASSM were similar to those for standard surgical breast cancer treatments. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Visfatin promote production of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-6 in human endothelial cells via insulin receptor ]?
### Response:
| Visfatin induces endothelial MCP-1 and IL-6 production in HUVEC in a dose and time-dependently manner. This action appears to be mediated via insulin receptor pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is increased cardiometabolic risk associated with increased TV viewing time?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that an increase in television viewing time is associated with adverse cardiometabolic biomarker changes. Further prospective studies using objective measures of several sedentary behaviors are required to confirm causality of the associations found. |
### Instruction:
Does expression of miR-122 mediated by adenoviral vector induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of cancer cells?
### Response:
| The antitumor activity of Ad-miR122 was probably due to the induction of apoptosis and/or cell cycle arrest in cancer cells through inhibiting Bcl-W and/or CCNG1 expression. We concluded that expression of therapeutic microRNA, such as miR-122, via adenoviral vector is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does diastolic stress echocardiography detect coronary artery disease in patients with asymptomatic type II diabetes?
### Response:
| In patients with type II diabetes, diastolic stress echocardiography, by means of E/E' ratio exercise-induced changes, can be used for the diagnosis and severity of CAD and for the detection of occult myocardial ischemia. |
### Instruction:
Is impaired parent-reported quality of life in treatment-seeking children with obesity mediated by high levels of psychopathology?
### Response:
| Impaired parent-reported QOL in children and adolescents with obesity was attributable to their elevated levels of psychopathology. |
### Instruction:
Do effect of transport temperature on the Scantibodies total intact parathyroid hormone immunoradiometric assay using the RIAMAT-280?
### Response:
| Room temperature on i-PTH kit during transport alters the standard curve, resulting in a decrease in i-PTH. Using a pool as internal quality control allows the detection of these changes not detected by kit controls. |
### Instruction:
Does bmi-1 expression predict prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue?
### Response:
| Negative Bmi-1 immunoexpression might serve as a marker of poor prognosis in oral tongue carcinoma patients. |
### Instruction:
Does increased expression of cdk5/p25 in N2a cells lead to hyperphosphorylation and impaired axonal transport of neurofilament proteins?
### Response:
| These results suggest that increased cdk5 activity found in AD subjects may be crucially related to the pathogenesis of AD via an underlying mechanism by which it promotes accumulation of excessively phosphorylated cytoskeletal NF proteins, leading to the enduring impairment of axonal transport of NFs. |
### Instruction:
Are prechemotherapy serum levels of CD105 , transforming growth factor beta2 , and vascular endothelial growth factor associated with prognosis in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer treated with cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy?
### Response:
| Our study confirms the prognostic significance of angiogenesis in EOC and supports a biological interaction between CD105 and TGF-beta1. High angiogenic activity may be associated by increased efficacy of postoperative chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Do n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids alter expression of fibrotic and hypertrophic genes in a dog model of atrial cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| The effect of PUFAs on these fibrosis, hypertrophy, and inflammation related genes suggests that, in this model, PUFA-mediated prevention of AF may be due to attenuation of adverse remodeling at the genetic level in response to mechanical stress. |
### Instruction:
Does metabolic syndrome predict an increased risk of coronary disease in patients with traditional risk factors referred for stress imaging study?
### Response:
| The addition of metabolic syndrome to traditional risk factors does not increase the prevalence of CAD determined by stress imaging. |
### Instruction:
Does `` Figure of four '' position improve the visibility of the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa?
### Response:
| "Figure of four" position improves the visibility of the sciatic nerve and may have clinical impact. |
### Instruction:
Is anxiety contagious-symptoms of anxiety in the terminally ill child affect long-term psychological well-being in bereaved parents?
### Response:
| Bereaved parents whose children were affected by anxiety or disturbed sleep due to anxiety or pain had an increased risk of long-term psychological morbidity. Reducing psychological complications in seriously ill children may also improve the psychological well-being in bereaved parents. |
### Instruction:
Does spinal DC stimulation in humans modulate post-activation depression of the H-reflex depending on current polarity?
### Response:
| Anodal and cathodal tsDCS is a non-invasive and painless method that is able to induce lasting changes in the efficacy of the Ia fibre-motoneurone synapse. |
### Instruction:
Do genomics based analysis of interactions between developing B-lymphocytes and stromal cells reveal complex interactions and two-way communication?
### Response:
| We believe that this gene expression data analysis method allows for the identification of functionally relevant interactions and therefore could be applied to other data sets to unravel novel communication pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does exercise in systemic sclerosis intensify systemic inflammation and oxidative stress?
### Response:
| Although exercise capacity is impaired in patients with SSc, physical activity intensifies the already increased basal levels of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. These data support the concept of a role for systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the ongoing systemic effects of SSc. |
### Instruction:
Is omeprazole-Mg 20.6 mg superior to lansoprazole 15 mg for control of gastric acid : a comparison of over-the-counter doses of proton pump inhibitors?
### Response:
| Omeprazole-Mg 20.6 mg provided a statistically significantly (P < 0.0001) greater acid control than lansoprazole 15 mg. |
### Instruction:
Does a semilogarithmic scale for glucose provide a balanced view of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia?
### Response:
| Display of glucose on a logarithmic scale can potentially improve the accuracy of analysis and interpretation of popular methods for graphic display of glucose values. Device manufacturers should consider including options for semilogarithmic display of glucose on SMBG meters, CGM sensors, and software for retrospectiv... |
### Instruction:
Does altered expression of p120catenin predict poor outcome in invasive breast cancer?
### Response:
| The present paper is the first report on p120catenin in invasive breast cancer based on a well-characterized patient material with long-term follow-up. We observed altered expression of p120catenin isoforms in invasive breast cancer and, in our material, the decrease in p120 immunoexpression was significantly associate... |
### Instruction:
Is morphine-induced ocular hypotension modulated by nitric oxide and carbon monoxide : role of mu3 receptors?
### Response:
| We conclude that the endogenous NO/CO system and micro(3) receptors contribute to morphine-induced ocular hypotension and that the reduction of IOP elicited by morphine can be augmented by exogenous NO and CO. |
### Instruction:
Does exposure to extreme cold lower the ischemic threshold in coronary artery disease patients?
### Response:
| Exposure to extreme cold (-20 degrees C) lowers the ischemic threshold during exercise testing in patients with CAD, even if asymptomatic or without a history of cold-induced angina. Patients with CAD and evidence of exertional angina or myocardial ischemia wishing to perform exercise at extremely low temperatures shou... |
### Instruction:
Does upper cervical facet joint and spinal rami block for the treatment of cervicogenic headache?
### Response:
| C(1/2), C(2/3) facet joint injections and C(2), C(3) spinal rami blocks were effective and well tolerated for the treatment of cervicogenic headache in this study. The procedures provided significant and prolonged pain relief in the majority of patients. Larger controlled studies are needed to further evaluate the effi... |
### Instruction:
Does wake-up test decrease shunt insertion during carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia?
### Response:
| Wake-up test can be used to directly assess the neurological status in patients undergoing CEA to determine whether shunting is required. Our results showed that less patients required shunting based on WUT compared to the SP criteria. |
### Instruction:
Does betaine inhibit toll-like receptor 4 expression in rats with ethanol-induced liver injury?
### Response:
| Betaine can prevent the alcohol-induced liver injury effectively and improve the liver function. The expression of TLR4 increases significantly in ethanol-fed rats and betaine administration can inhibit TLR4 expression. |
### Instruction:
Does prolonged ovalbumin challenge facilitate Th17 polarization in sensitized mice?
### Response:
| Prolonged OVA challenge induces an environment that facilitates Th17 polarization. |
### Instruction:
Is pathologic response after neoadjuvant therapy the major determinant of survival in patients with esophageal cancer?
### Response:
| Esophageal cancer patients frequently succumb to their disease. However, patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy who achieve pCR have a higher rate of R0 resections, fewer recurrences, and improved 5-year OS and DFS. |
### Instruction:
Is periplasmic expression of soluble single chain T cell receptors rescued by the chaperone FkpA?
### Response:
| The general expression regime presented here allows for rapid production of soluble scTCRs and is applicable for 1) high yield recovery sufficient for biophysical characterization and 2) high throughput screening of such molecules following molecular engineering. |
### Instruction:
Does resistance training prevent deterioration in quadriceps muscle function during acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
### Response:
| Resistance training is safe, successfully counteracts skeletal muscle dysfunction during acute exacerbations of COPD, and may up-regulate the anabolic milieu in the skeletal muscle. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00877084). |
### Instruction:
Is cardiovascular disease in patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease associated with up-regulation of markers of inflammation in cardiac microvessels and cardiomyocytes?
### Response:
| Patients with cardiovascular disease had increased expression of adhesion molecules, HLA, and proinflammatory cytokines in heart tissue, indicating local inflammation involving microvessels and cardiomyocytes that could play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. The more pronounced changes in patients w... |
### Instruction:
Does the -A2518G polymorphism of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is associate with Crohn 's disease?
### Response:
| The -A2518G polymorphism seems to be associated with CD but does not influence MCP-1 plasma levels, which in contrast are increased in UC and CD with extensive colonic involvement. |
### Instruction:
Is hyperplastic polyposis syndrome associated with cigarette smoking , which may be a modifiable risk factor?
### Response:
| Cigarette smoking is strongly associated with HPS, thus suggesting that smoking exposure may increase the expression of this condition. Further studies should examine the possible benefits of quitting smoking in HPS patients. |
### Instruction:
Does hypercholesterolaemic serum increase the permeability of endothelial cells through zonula occludens-1 with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway?
### Response:
| Our results suggested that although hypercholesterolemic serum could not change the expression of ZO-1, it could change the distribution and increase the permeability in endothelial cells through PI3K signaling pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does ibudilast inhibit cerebral aneurysms by down-regulating inflammation-related molecules in the vascular wall of rats?
### Response:
| These results suggest that blocking of PDE4 is associated with the reduction of inflammation-related molecules and macrophage migration, thereby reducing the progression of cerebral aneurysms. It may represent a new conservative therapy to treat patients with cerebral aneurysms. |
### Instruction:
Is the circulating inactive form of matrix gla protein a surrogate marker for vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease : a preliminary report?
### Response:
| Plasma dp-ucMGP increased progressively in a CKD setting and was associated with the severity of aortic calcification. Plasma dp-ucMGP could thus be a surrogate marker for vascular calcification in CKD. |
### Instruction:
Does transdermal fentanyl matrix patch Matrifen and Durogesic DTrans are bioequivalent?
### Response:
| Despite different technologies, the transdermal fentanyl patches Matrifen and Durogesic DTrans are bioequivalent. Compared with Durogesic DTrans, the Matrifen patch had lower initial and lower residual fentanyl content, as well as lower intra- and inter-subject variability, allowing reproducible drug delivery and relia... |
### Instruction:
Is antinociceptive activities of the methanol extract of the bulbs of Dioscorea bulbifera L. var sativa in mice dependent of NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive-K ( + ) channel activation?
### Response:
| Present demonstrate the antinociceptive activities of Dioscorea bulbifera both in inflammatory and neuropathic models of pain and these effects may result, at least partially, from its ability to activate the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive potassium channels pathway. |
### Instruction:
Do antihistamines inhibit the flare induced by the intradermal injection of autologous plasma in chronic urticaria patients?
### Response:
| Factors other than histamine are probably involved in the flare following APST in CU; such factors might play a pathogenic role particularly in patients not responding to standard antihistamine treatments. |
### Instruction:
Is acid steatocrit determination helpful in cystic fibrosis patients without or with mild steatorrhea?
### Response:
| AS does not reflect in a reliable way FFE in CF patients without or mild steatorrhea. Its applicability in the assessment of FFC in such patients has therefore limited practical value. |
### Instruction:
Is percent body fat a risk factor for relapse in anorexia nervosa : a replication study?
### Response:
| Lower percent adipose tissue after short-term weight normalization is associated with poor clinical outcome in the year following inpatient treatment. These findings may be important in the assessment of risk for relapse in patients with AN. |
### Instruction:
Is serum creatinine as stratified in the RIFLE score for acute kidney injury associated with mortality and length of stay for children in the pediatric intensive care unit?
### Response:
| RIFLE criteria serves well to describe acute kidney injury in critically ill pediatric patients. |
### Instruction:
Does peyronie 's disease compromise the durability and component-malfunction rates in patients implanted with an inflatable penile prosthesis?
### Response:
| Patients with PD implanted with a IPP, with penile modelling, had significantly higher component malfunction rates. Further, PD independently predicted component malfunction. These findings might be related to stress on the device at the time of surgery, during use, or both. Further study into this relationship is requ... |
### Instruction:
Do [ Female genital toxicities of high-frequency electromagnetic field on rats ]?
### Response:
| The toxicities of female gonads are closely associated with exposures to HF-EMF. The nonage damage of female gonadal toxicities might emerge on the ovaries. |
### Instruction:
Does atrial stretch increase the gastric tonus of anesthetized rats?
### Response:
| AS decreased the GV of rats in a volume-dependent manner, a phenomenon prevented by vagotomy but enhanced by celiac ganglionectomy. |
### Instruction:
Do volatile anesthetics rapidly increase dendritic spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex during synaptogenesis?
### Response:
| These new results suggest that volatile anesthetics, with different potencies and without inducing cell death, could rapidly interfere with physiologic patterns of synaptogenesis and thus might impair appropriate circuit assembly in the developing cerebral cortex. |
### Instruction:
Does hyperglycemia adversely modulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase during anesthetic preconditioning through tetrahydrobiopterin- and heat shock protein 90-mediated mechanisms?
### Response:
| The results indicate that tetrahydrobiopterin and heat shock protein 90-regulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity play a central role in cardioprotection that is favorably modulated by volatile anesthetics and dysregulated by hyperglycemia. Enhancing the production of BH4 may represent a potential therapeuti... |
### Instruction:
Does high expression of Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 signals correlate with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that high expression of TLR4 and MyD88 is associated with liver metastasis and is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with CRC. |
### Instruction:
Is diabetes associated with increased rate of cognitive decline in questionably demented elderly?
### Response:
| In individuals with questionable dementia (CDR = 0.5), diabetes is associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline as measured by the MMSE, but not in nondemented (CDR = 0) or frankly demented (CDR > or =1) individuals. |
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