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### Instruction:
Is increased sinusoidal flow the primary stimulus to liver regeneration?
### Response:
| An isolated increase in sinusoidal flow does not have the same genetic, microscopic or macroscopic impact on the liver as that seen in the liver remnant after partial hepatectomy, indicating that increased sinusoidal flow may not be a sufficient stimulus in itself for the initiation of liver regeneration. |
### Instruction:
Do inhalational anaesthetics and n-alcohols share a site of action in the neuronal Shaw2 Kv channel?
### Response:
| These observations strongly support a molecular model of a general anaesthetic binding site in the Shaw2 K(v) channel. This site may involve the amphiphilic interface between the S4S5 linker and the S6 segment, which plays a pivotal role in K(v) channel activation. |
### Instruction:
Does intensive insulin therapy reduce the urinary intercellular adhesion molecule-1 excretion in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus?
### Response:
| Intensive insulin therapy is capable of alleviating the enhanced local inflammation reaction of renal tissue under hyperglycemia state with the reduction of urinary ICAM-1 excretion. |
### Instruction:
Are renal dysfunction and high levels of hsCRP additively associated with hard endpoints after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug eluting stents?
### Response:
| In an unselected cohort of patients receiving PCI with DES, poor renal function and high hsCRP were additively associated with a higher risk of hard endpoints and were independent predictors of mortality+MI even after correction for other factors. Our data suggest the importance of systemic factors on mortality even in... |
### Instruction:
Is interleukin-6 gene -174 promoter polymorphism associated with endothelial dysfunction but not with disease susceptibility in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Our results support a role of IL6 -174 gene polymorphism in the development of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with RA. |
### Instruction:
Is hypoxia inducible factor-1-alpha ( HIF-1alpha ) related to both angiogenesis and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| HIF-1alpha expression is strongest in the sub-lining layer of RA synovium and is related to both angiogenesis and inflammation in synovium from RA patients. These results thus suggest that HIF-1alpha could serve as an important new therapeutic target in RA, targeting both angiogenesis and inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Is genetically-defined deficiency of mannose-binding lectin associated with protection after experimental stroke in mice and outcome in human stroke?
### Response:
| In conclusion, genetically defined MBL-deficiency is associated with a better outcome after acute stroke in mice and humans. |
### Instruction:
Do evaluation of community-based strategies for Aedes aegypti control inside houses?
### Response:
| The lack of significant differences among the interventions, and between treated and control blocks suggested that educational activities together with periodic visits to the houses produced similar reductions of immature and adult Aedes aegypti. |
### Instruction:
Does an integrated mass-spectrometry pipeline identify novel protein coding-regions in the human genome?
### Response:
| MS technology can be used for ab initio gene discovery in human data, which, since it is based on different underlying assumptions, identifies protein-coding genes not found by other techniques. As MS technology continues to evolve, such approaches will become increasingly powerful. |
### Instruction:
Does kinin B1 receptors contribute to acute pain following minor surgery in humans?
### Response:
| These results provide evidence at the transcriptional level in a clinical model of tissue injury that up-regulation of kinin receptors are involved in the development of the early phase of inflammation and inflammatory pain. The up-regulation of B1 receptors may contribute to acute inflammatory pain through TRPV1 activ... |
### Instruction:
Does inter-annual variation in prevalence and intensity of mite parasitism relate to appearance and expression of damselfly resistance?
### Response:
| Resistance in host damselflies was weakly and variably expressed over the study period. Factors such as temperature, which have been identified in laboratory studies as contributing to resistance by similar hosts, can be irrelevant in natural populations. This lack of temperature effect may be due to the narrow range i... |
### Instruction:
Is cystatin C a sensitive marker for detecting a reduced glomerular filtration rate when assessing chronic kidney disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and secondary amyloidosis?
### Response:
| Serum cysC can identify a reduced GFR more accurately than sCr-eGFRs. Serum cysC >1.09 mg/L (i.e. eGFR(Rule)<60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) could be a marker of a reduced GFR, and serum cysC >1.365 mg/L would strongly suggest a reduced GFR in patients who have RA with secondary amyloidosis. |
### Instruction:
Does a comparison of epidural anesthesia and lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve block for knee surgery?
### Response:
| The lumbar plexus -sciatic nerve blocks provide effective unilateral anesthesia and may offer a beneficial alternative to epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing total knee surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does image-based navigation improve the positioning of the humeral component in total elbow arthroplasty?
### Response:
| Image-based navigation improves the accuracy and reproducibility of humeral component placement in TEA. Implant alignment errors for the navigated alignments were below the target of 2.0 degrees and 2 mm that is considered standard for most navigation systems. Non-navigated implant alignment error was significantly gre... |
### Instruction:
Does a systematic review of the quality of trials evaluating biomedical HIV prevention interventions show that many lack power?
### Response:
| Reporting of trials of biomedical HIV prevention interventions has improved over time. However, quality improvement is needed in several key areas that influence study power, including participant retention, adherence to interventions, and estimation of expected HIV incidence. |
### Instruction:
Does the +49A > G CTLA-4 polymorphism is associate with rheumatoid arthritis in Mexican population?
### Response:
| The +49A>G CTLA-4 polymorphism is a genetic marker of susceptibility for RA in western Mexican population. |
### Instruction:
Do ten-year retrospective follow-up study of the TiOblast dental implant?
### Response:
| With respect to the critical patient selection including a high number of patients with minor and major augmentations, the 10-year clinical use of the studied implant system showed acceptable results. |
### Instruction:
Is future of vascular surgery in the office?
### Response:
| A vascular surgery practice can benefit from office-based procedures. Procedures can be done safely. It results in an increase in the number of percutaneous procedures and revenue with a significant savings to the health care system. Surgeons can control their schedule. Every vascular surgeon should consider doing thes... |
### Instruction:
Is fGFR4 Arg388 genotype associated with pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary breast cancer?
### Response:
| We provide the evidence that FGFR4 388Arg is an independent predictor of pCR following AC-Doc as NCT in PBC. |
### Instruction:
Are persistent cognitive depressive symptoms associated with coronary artery calcification?
### Response:
| Persistent cognitive symptoms of depression assessed over several time points, but not on a single occasion, are related to sub-clinical coronary atherosclerosis in men free of known CVD and diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Is microRNA155 induced in activated CD4 ( + ) T cells of TNBS-induced colitis in mice?
### Response:
| miRNA155 is induced in colons and activated CD4(+) T cells in TNBS colitis, and the levels of miRNA155 and TNF expressions have a significant positive correlation. |
### Instruction:
Is intraoperative blood salvage and retransfusion from citrate treated wounds safe and feasible?
### Response:
| The technique was safe and feasible for intraoperative blood salvage and autotransfusion. Haemodynamics and biochemical variables were similar to controls. The technique warrants further studies in humans, as it may contribute towards a reduction of allogenic blood transfusions. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3-HERG transfection inhibit angiotensin II induced neonatal rabbit ventricular myocyte hypertrophy in vitro ]?
### Response:
| Ang II induced prolongation of APD(90) is directly associated with myocyte hypertrophy by increasing the Ca(2+) influx and resulting in the increment of intracellular Ca(2+) and activation of CaN reaction pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is the high affinity IgE receptor Fc epsilonRI expressed by human intestinal epithelial cells?
### Response:
| Our data provide the first evidence that the components of a functional Fc epsilonRI are in vitro expressed by the human intestinal epithelial cells depending on differentiation and, more importantly, in situ in epithelia of patients with colon cancer or gastrointestinal inflammations. Thus, a contribution of Fc epsilo... |
### Instruction:
Is amino terminal cleavage of PTH ( 1-84 ) to PTH ( 7-84 ) regulated by serum calcium concentration via calcium-sensing receptor in hemodialysis patients?
### Response:
| Whereas in the absence of calcimimetics cleavage of N-terminal PTH was regulated by serum calcium concentration, this regulation was abolished in the presence of calcimimetics. This suggests that cleavage of N-terminal PTH is regulated by calcium concentration via a calcium-sensing receptor and that calcimimetics may h... |
### Instruction:
Does the mode of school transportation in pre-pubertal children influence the accrual of bone mineral or the gain in bone size -- two year prospective data from the paediatric osteoporosis preventive ( POP ) study?
### Response:
| A physical active transportation to school for two years is in pre-pubertal children not associated with a higher accrual of BMC or bone width than a passive mode of transportation, possibly due to the fact that the everyday physical activity in these pre-pubertal children, independent of the mode of school transportat... |
### Instruction:
Are antibodies to apolipoprotein A-I , high-density lipoprotein , and C-reactive protein associated with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| Persistent disease activity is associated with a significant increase in IgG anti-Apo A-I and anti-HDL in patients with SLE. |
### Instruction:
Does gene expression profiling in autoantibody-positive patients with arthralgia predict development of arthritis?
### Response:
| The results of this study indicate that IFN-mediated immunity, hematopoiesis, and cell trafficking specify processes relevant to the progression of arthritis independent of ACPA positivity. These findings strongly suggest that certain gene signatures have value for predicting the progression to arthritis, which will pa... |
### Instruction:
Is roux-en-Y reconstruction superior to billroth I reconstruction in reducing reflux esophagitis after distal gastrectomy : special relationship with the angle of his?
### Response:
| The angle of His is an important determinant of reflux esophagitis following distal gastrectomy. The decreased angle of His in patients after RY compared with BI reconstruction may contribute significantly to the reduced incidence of reflux esophagitis and improved QOL in patients who undergo RY reconstruction. |
### Instruction:
Is spontanous periodic breathing associated with sympathetic hyperreactivity and baroreceptor dysfunction in hypertension?
### Response:
| Spontaneous periodic breathing is relatively common in patients with hypertension and is associated with greatly enhanced responses to cold-pressor testing. We suggest increased baroreceptor gain and sympathetic outflow as a cause for the oscillatory respiration pattern via barorespiratory coupling. |
### Instruction:
Are both interaction surfaces within cohesin 's hinge domain essential for its stable chromosomal association?
### Response:
| Either the north or south hinge interaction surface is sufficient for the assembly of V-shaped Smc1/Smc3 heterodimers in vivo. Any tendency of Smc proteins with weakened hinges to dissociate will be suppressed by interconnection of their NBDs by Scc1. We suggest that transient hinge dissociation caused by the mutations... |
### Instruction:
Does iL-17 contribute to the development of chronic rejection in a murine heart transplant model?
### Response:
| Therefore, IL-17 neutralization may provide a potential target for novel therapeutic treatment for cardiac allograft rejection. |
### Instruction:
Do substance P and glutamate receptor antagonists improve the anti-arthritic actions of dexamethasone in rats?
### Response:
| The data suggest substance P and glutamate contribute to arthritic pain and joint swelling. The efficacy of dexamethasone in reducing arthritic pain and joint swelling can be improved by co-administration of substance P and glutamate receptor antagonists. |
### Instruction:
Does cannabidiol ameliorate cognitive and motor impairments in bile-duct ligated mice via 5-HT1A receptor activation?
### Response:
| The behavioural outcomes of BDL result from both 5-HT(1A) receptor down-regulation and neuroinflammation. Cannabidiol reverses these effects through a combination of anti-inflammatory activity and activation of this receptor, leading to improvement of the neurological deficits without affecting 5-HT(1A) receptor expres... |
### Instruction:
Are microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 both required for ischaemic excitotoxicity?
### Response:
| Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and COX-2 are co-induced by excess glutamate in ischaemic brain. These enzymes are co-localized and act together to exacerbate stroke injury, by excessive PGE(2) production. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-1 from epithelial cells foster T cell-dependent skin inflammation?
### Response:
| IL-1 secretion and the physical contact between keratinocytes and activated, infiltrating T cells may be central for the development of chronic inflammatory skin conditions. |
### Instruction:
Does ribosylation rapidly induce alpha-synuclein to form highly cytotoxic molten globules of advanced glycation end products?
### Response:
| alpha-Syn is rapidly glycated in the presence of D-ribose generating molten globule-like aggregations which cause cell oxidative stress and result in high cytotoxicity. |
### Instruction:
Is immunoprecipitation of nucleosomal DNA a novel procedure to improve the sensitivity of serum screening for the p16 hypermethylation associated with colon cancer?
### Response:
| IP-MSP is thus considered to be a promising procedure to detect serum methylated DNA in colorectal cancer patients. |
### Instruction:
Is the effect of physical activity on weight loss mediated by eating self-regulation?
### Response:
| Exercise and PA may positively influence weight control through eating self-regulation. Flexible dietary control and reduced emotional overeating are mechanisms by which an active lifestyle can contribute to long-term weight management. |
### Instruction:
Is monoamine oxidase A genotype associated with gang membership and weapon use?
### Response:
| Male carriers of low MAOA activity alleles are at risk for becoming a gang member and, once a gang member, are at risk for using weapons in a fight. |
### Instruction:
Is microinflammation a common risk factor for progression of nephropathy and atherosclerosis in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that low-grade inflammation, microinflammation, may be a common risk factor for diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. |
### Instruction:
Does atrioventricular nodal ablation predict survival benefit in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy?
### Response:
| Among patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure receiving CRT, AVN ablation for definitive biventricular pacing provides greater improvement in NYHA class and survival benefit. Larger-scale randomized trials are needed to assess the clinical and survival outcomes of this therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does depression predict cognitive disorders in older primary care patients?
### Response:
| Depressive disorders pose increased risk of incident dementia or cognitive disorder NOS in older primary care patients. Clinicians treating depressed older adults should monitor for development of cognitive disorders. |
### Instruction:
Does an innovative noninvasive respiratory stress test indicate significant coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| The innovative RSR test is a simple, noninvasive bedside or office-based tool for the detection of S-CAD. |
### Instruction:
Is transcatheter patent foramen ovale closure effective in reducing migraine independently from specific interatrial septum anatomy and closure devices design?
### Response:
| Although our study had several limitations, it suggests that independently from interatrial septum anatomy and device type, PFO closure in patients with migraine with aura resulted in a high rate of migraine improvement. |
### Instruction:
Is short sleep duration associated with poor performance on IQ measures in healthy school-age children?
### Response:
| These findings support the hypothesis that sleep duration is differentially related to some components of cognitive functioning, even in the absence of evidence for sleep deprivation or attention deficits. |
### Instruction:
Is development and field evaluation of a synthetic mosquito lure that more attractive than humans?
### Response:
| This highly attractive substitute for human baits might enable development of technologies for trapping mosquitoes in numbers sufficient to prevent rather than merely monitor transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does the genome sequence of the rumen methanogen Methanobrevibacter ruminantium reveal new possibilities for controlling ruminant methane emissions?
### Response:
| The M1 genome sequence provides new insights into the lifestyle and cellular processes of this important rumen methanogen. It also defines vaccine and chemogenomic targets for broad inhibition of rumen methanogens and represents a significant contribution to worldwide efforts to mitigate ruminant methane emissions and ... |
### Instruction:
Is expression of sensory neuropeptides in tendon associated with failed healing and activity-related tendon pain in collagenase-induced tendon injury?
### Response:
| There was increased expression of SP and CGRP after collagenase-induced tendon injury, and their expression was positively associated with double-stance duration. Clinical Relevance Substance P and CGRP might be involved in the pathogenesis and origin of pain of tendinopathy and could be the targets for future interven... |
### Instruction:
Is a pessimistic explanatory style prognostic for poor lung cancer survival?
### Response:
| Among lung cancer patients, those having a pessimistic explanatory style experienced a less favorable survival outcome, which may be related to cancer treatment decisions. Further research in this area is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Are stimulating autoantibodies against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor associated with preeclampsia in Mexican-Mestizo women?
### Response:
| We concluded that in Mexican-Mestizo women agonistic AT1R-AA cannot be invoked as a factor involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Whether these findings can be attributed to genetic or environmental factors remains unknown. |
### Instruction:
Is caveolin-1 enriched in the peroxisomal membrane of rat hepatocytes?
### Response:
| Caveolin-1 is enriched in peroxisomes of hepatocytes. Caveolin-1 is not required for peroxisome biogenesis, but this unique subcellular location may determine its important role in hepatocyte proliferation and lipid metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Is heavy injection drug use associated with lower percent body fat in a multi-ethnic cohort of HIV-positive and HIV-negative drug users from three U.S. cities?
### Response:
| In the U.S., where the general population is prone to over-nutrition, the average percent BF for heavy injectors does not fall into a range low enough to suggest harmful effects. However, in populations with substantial levels of under-nutrition, small differences in percent BF among drug users will have a greater impa... |
### Instruction:
Is primary metabolism of chickpea the initial target of wound inducing early sensed Fusarium oxysporum f. sp . ciceri race I?
### Response:
| The present study showed the limitations of hypersensitive response mediated resistance, especially when foreign encounters involved the food production as well as the translocation machinery of the host. It was also predicted from the obtained results that hypersensitivity and active species generation failed to impar... |
### Instruction:
Does one size fit all : differences in HPV knowledge between Haitian and African American women?
### Response:
| Study data highlight important differences in Haitian and African American women's knowledge of HPV, a known determinant of cervical cancer risk. Such findings suggest that continuing to classify persons of similar phenotype but different cultural backgrounds and lifetime exposures as one group may preclude opportunity... |
### Instruction:
Do high-grade breast cancers include both highly sensitive and highly resistant subsets to cytotoxic chemotherapy?
### Response:
| High-grade breast cancers include both highly sensitive and highly resistant subsets to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Three factors can help discriminate between these subsets. HR-negative and HER2-positive can be predictive of high chemosensitivity. Advanced primary tumor stage can be predictive of high chemoresistance. |
### Instruction:
Does vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy activate the vocal folds maximally at therapeutic levels?
### Response:
| VNS causes pronounced effects on the vocal folds even at low stimulation amplitudes. At therapeutic levels even at the lowest stimulation pulse durations, the vocal fold contract, however, this does not necessarily give hoarseness. |
### Instruction:
Does lactoferrin protect against concanavalin A-induced liver injury in mice?
### Response:
| These findings indicate a great therapeutic potential of Lac in treating in treating inflammatory hepatitis and possibly other inflammatory diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does taurine protect against lung damage following limb ischemia reperfusion in the rat by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that taurine attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the lungs of rats after limb ischemia reperfusion. |
### Instruction:
Is longitudinal cognitive decline associated with fibrillar amyloid-beta measured by [ 11C ] PiB?
### Response:
| Higher Abeta deposition is associated with greater longitudinal decline in mental status and verbal memory in the preceding years. The differential association for verbal but not visual memory may reflect the greater reliance of verbal word list learning on prefrontal regions, which show early Abeta deposition. Prospec... |
### Instruction:
Does gray matter perfusion correlate with disease severity in ALS?
### Response:
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) severity is correlated with brain perfusion as measured by arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion. This correlation appears to be independent of brain atrophy. ASL perfusion may be a useful tool for monitoring disease progression and assessing treatment effects in ALS. |
### Instruction:
Are oxaliplatin responses in colorectal cancer cells modulated by CHK2 kinase inhibitors?
### Response:
| Combinations of CHK2 inhibitors with oxaliplatin should further sensitize cells to oxaliplatin treatment. However, these inhibitors produced an antagonistic effect on the response to oxaliplatin, which was reversed on the re-introduction of CHK2. These observations may have implications for the use of oxaliplatin in co... |
### Instruction:
Is cilostazol anti-inflammatory in BV2 microglial cells by inactivating nuclear factor-kappaB and inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinases?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that suppression of the NF-kappaB, ERK, JNK signalling pathways may inhibit LPS-induced NO and PGE(2) production. Therefore, cilostazol may have therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokine production in activated microglia. |
### Instruction:
Is sZ-685C , a marine anthraquinone , a potent inducer of apoptosis with anticancer activity by suppression of the Akt/FOXO pathway?
### Response:
| SZ-685C could induce apoptosis through the Akt/FOXO pathway, which consequently leads to the observed anti-tumour effect both in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that SZ-685C may be a potentially promising Akt inhibitor and anti-cancer drug candidate. |
### Instruction:
Does patent foramen ovale have a negative impact on early outcomes in patients undergoing liver transplantation?
### Response:
| The presence of PFO in patients with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation does not appear to affect patient outcomes during the peri-operative period. |
### Instruction:
Are surgical outcomes of robotic-assisted surgical staging for endometrial cancer equivalent to traditional laparoscopic staging at a minimally invasive surgical center?
### Response:
| Robotic-assisted surgery is an acceptable alternative to laparoscopy for minimally invasive staging of endometrial cancer. In addition to the improved ease of operation, visualization, and range of motion of the robotic instruments, robotic surgery results in a lower mean blood loss, although longer operative time. Mor... |
### Instruction:
Do heat shock protein 90 inhibitors attenuate inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| HSP90 expression is associated with features of plaque instability in advanced human lesions. HSP90 inhibitors reduce inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis, suggesting that HSP90 could be a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Is changes in R-Wave amplitude in DII lead less sensitive than pulse pressure variation to detect changes in stroke volume after fluid challenge in ICU patients postoperatively to cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| DeltaRDII in response to PLR does not successfully help identifying preload dependent patients contrarily to DeltaPP or change in stroke volume. |
### Instruction:
Are serum heparan sulfate levels elevated in endotoxemia?
### Response:
| The administration of bacterial endotoxin induced a significant rise in degradation products of the endothelial glycocalyx. |
### Instruction:
Is troponin I a predictor of acute cardiac events in the immediate postoperative renal transplant period?
### Response:
| Elevated TnI, immediately pretransplant, is an independent predictor of MACE in the immediate posttransplant period, particularly in patients with CV history. |
### Instruction:
Is cBL frequently altered in lung cancers : its relationship to mutations in MET and EGFR tyrosine kinases?
### Response:
| Taking the overall mutation rate of c-CBL to be a combination as somatic missense mutation and LOH, it is clear that c-CBL is highly mutated in lung cancers and may play an essential role in lung tumorigenesis and metastasis. |
### Instruction:
Does mycophenolic acid attenuate tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced endothelin-1 production in human aortic endothelial cells?
### Response:
| MPA attenuated TNF-alpha-induced ET-1 production through inhibitions of ROS-dependent JNK and ROS-independent p38 MAPK that regulated NF-kappaB as well as AP-1. These findings suggest that MPA could have an effect of amelioration of atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does estrogen attenuate vascular remodeling in Lp ( a ) transgenic mice?
### Response:
| Estrogen negatively regulates both plasma Lp(a) level and Lp(a)-induced vascular remodeling, suggesting that estrogen might be a strong candidate to reduce serum Lp(a) concentration. |
### Instruction:
Does old divergences in a boreal bird support long-term survival through the Ice Ages?
### Response:
| The Arctic Warbler separated into three main clades in close succession around the Pliocene/Pleistocene border, with the two northern clades diverging last. All three clades probably experienced population bottlenecks during the Pleistocene as a result of range shifts and contractions, but nevertheless survived and mai... |
### Instruction:
Do homopolymeric tracts represent a general regulatory mechanism in prokaryotes?
### Response:
| As frameshift mutations in HTs can occur at high frequencies and enable efficient gene inactivation, hypermutable HTs appear to represent a universal system for regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes. Combined with other studies indicating that HTs also enable rapid diversification of both coding and regulatory g... |
### Instruction:
Does low-dose maintenance therapy with infliximab prevent postsurgical recurrence of Crohn 's disease?
### Response:
| Long-term maintenance therapy with infliximab is required to maintain mucosal integrity in patients after surgery for Crohn's disease. However, a dose of 3 mg/kg (a 40% reduction from the standard dose) was sufficient to avoid disease recurrence, determined by endoscopy, in all patients at 1 year. FC levels correlate w... |
### Instruction:
Does robotic-assisted treadmill therapy improve walking and standing performance in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy?
### Response:
| Children and adolescents with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy showed improvements in the functional tasks of standing and walking after a 3-week trial of robotic-assisted treadmill therapy. The severity of motor impairment affects the amount of the achieved improvement. |
### Instruction:
Are carriers of the UGT1A4 142T > G gene variant predisposed to reduced olanzapine exposure -- an impact similar to male gender or smoking in schizophrenic patients?
### Response:
| At 12 h after dose intake, the regression model predicted a 5.1-fold higher olanzapine plasma level in a non-smoking female patient who did not carry the UGT1A4 142T>G SNP compared to a smoking man treated with the same dose but heterozygous for UGT1A4 142T>G SNP. Whether these combined genetic and environmental factor... |
### Instruction:
Is the depth of the prostatic apex an independent predictor of positive apical margins at radical prostatectomy?
### Response:
| Apical prostate depth is an independent risk factor for apical PSM at RP. MRI pelvimetry might allow for preoperative planning of the approach to RP. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma homocysteine levels associated with ulceration of the foot in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?
### Response:
| In our study, for each micromol increase in plasma Hcy levels there was a 10% increase in the risk of diabetic foot ulceration. In addition, plasma homocysteine, HbA(1c) and microalbuminuria accounted for 50% prevalence risk of diabetic foot ulceration. Further prospective studies should be conducted to confirm the ass... |
### Instruction:
Does ascorbate inhibition of angiogenesis in aortic rings ex vivo and subcutaneous Matrigel plug in vivo?
### Response:
| We conclude that the inhibition of angiogenesis by ascorbate suggested in vitro is confirmed in vivo, and that angiogenesis inhibition may be one mechanism by which intravenous ascorbate therapy shows efficacy in animal experiments and clinical case studies. |
### Instruction:
Does application of the PM6 semi-empirical method to modeling proteins enhance docking accuracy of AutoDock?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that the accuracy of determination of complex geometry using AutoDock 4 for docking calculation greatly increases with the use of quantum chemical partial charge calculation on both the ligands and proteins. |
### Instruction:
Does mechanical stress modulate SOCS-1 expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| Our study identifies SOCS-1 as a novel participant involved in the propagation of mechanical stimuli in human VSMC, which might be relevant for the development of cardiovascular diseases. |
### Instruction:
Do ejection and severe injury risks by crash type and belt use with a focus on rear impacts?
### Response:
| Ejection involves significantly higher risks for severe injury in all crash types. The relative risk for MAIS 4+F injury is 20 times greater for unbelted and 77 times greater for belted occupants who are completely ejected compared to nonejected occupants. Ejection of occupants in rear crashes often occurs during vehic... |
### Instruction:
Do anti-CD34 antibodies immobilized on the surface of sirolimus-eluting stents enhance stent endothelialization?
### Response:
| Immobilization of anti-CD34 antibody on SES enhances endothelialization and may potentially be an effective therapeutic alternative to improve currently available drug-eluting stents. |
### Instruction:
Does blood pressure directly correlate with blood viscosity in diabetes type 1 children but not in normals?
### Response:
| Normal children compensate for the increase in vascular resistance due to increased blood viscosity (increased Hb and Hct) while diabetic children do not, probably due to endothelial dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Does epicardial fat tissue thickness correlate with endothelial dysfunction and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome?
### Response:
| Epicardial fat tissue may be a useful parameter in the assessment of patients with metabolic syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Are elevated liver enzymes in metabolic syndrome associated with coronary stenosis in a Tunisian population?
### Response:
| Elevated liver enzyme activity was associated with metabolic syndrome and only GGT and ALT seem to be associated with an increase of the coronary stenosis in the studied population with metabolic syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Is loss of SOCS3 expression associated with an increased risk of recurrent disease in breast carcinoma?
### Response:
| Deficient expression of SOCS3 is associated with an aggressive phenotype and portends a poor clinical outcome in breast carcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Is lower perfusion pressure during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass associated with decreased cerebral blood flow and impaired memory performance 6 months postoperatively?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated that a MAPCPB of <60 mm Hg during CPB was associated with a significant decrease in CBF 6 months after CAB surgery and with an associated decrease in memory performance. |
### Instruction:
Do cordyceps pruinosa extracts induce apoptosis of HeLa cells by a caspase dependent pathway?
### Response:
| These results indicate that apoptotic effects of CPBF on HeLa cells are mediated by mitochondria-dependent death-signaling pathway independent of reactive oxygen species, suggesting that CPBF might be effective as an anti-proliferative agent for cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does administration of nonviral gene vector encoding rat beta-defensin-2 ameliorate chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in rats?
### Response:
| Genetic up-regulation of rBD-2 increased animal survival rate, and reduced bacterial loads in lungs after bacterial infection. The overexpression of rBD-2 also modulated the production of several cytokines/chemokines and increased PMN recruitment at the early stage of infection. Our findings indicate that the enhanceme... |
### Instruction:
Does mRI-coupled fluorescence tomography quantify EGFR activity in brain tumors?
### Response:
| This preclinical study suggests that MRI-FMT with fluorescent EGF provides excellent discrimination between tumors based on EGFR status. Reliable quantification of receptor status using minimally invasive techniques would be an important innovation for investigating new and existing cancer treatments that target these ... |
### Instruction:
Is the anti-tumor effect of Newcastle disease virus HN protein influenced by differential subcellular targeting?
### Response:
| The membrane-anchored form of the HN protein appears to be an ideal candidate to develop as an immunotherapeutic agent for NSCLC. |
### Instruction:
Do multifaceted guideline implementation strategies improve early identification and management of osteoporosis?
### Response:
| This study highlights that appropriate and targeted intervention strategies can be effective if modelled on best practice guideline implementation approaches with the use of a coordinated post-fracture management approach to osteoporosis. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Ursodeoxycholic acid inhibit hepatocyte-like cell apoptosis by down-regulating the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 ]?
### Response:
| UDCA inhibits DCA-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of p53/Bax signal molecule. |
### Instruction:
Is expansion of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells : serum-reduced medium better than conventional medium?
### Response:
| No proliferation was observed in any of the serum-free media. However, DMEM/10% FBS (the conventional culture medium for hMSC) and DMEM/2% FBS with growth factors revealed moderate proliferation. Interestingly, the best proliferation was obtained using Panserin 401 supplemented with 2% FBS and growth factors (as well a... |
### Instruction:
Does bracing improve dynamic stability in chronic ankle instability subjects?
### Response:
| While TTS is a useful outcome tool for identifying deficits in subjects with CAI and improvements related to ankle rehabilitation, this measure of dynamic stability does not appear to be sensitive in detecting the influence of the application of an ankle brace in this pathological group. Researchers need to establish w... |
### Instruction:
Does exercise ameliorate serum MMP-9 and TIMP-2 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| Mostly self-controlled exercise of moderate intensity ameliorated serum levels of pro- and anti-atherogenic markers in patients with T2DM, with no effects on body weight. These data offer further insight into the cardioprotective mechanisms of exercise in patients with T2DM. |
### Instruction:
Does gentamycin inhibit the growth of Malassezia pachydermatis in culture?
### Response:
| The use of plates with high concentrations of gentamycin can lead to some important misdiagnoses: firstly, false-negative cultures, and secondly, an erroneous classification of M. pachydermatis as a lipid-dependent species. Moreover, all of this could be useful in two therapeutic fields: i) in animals, topical gentamyc... |
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