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### Instruction:
Does priming immunization with DNA augment immunogenicity of recombinant adenoviral vectors for both HIV-1 specific antibody and T-cell responses?
### Response:
| Heterologous prime-boost using vector-based gene delivery of vaccine antigens is a potent immunization strategy for inducing both antibody and T-cell responses. |
### Instruction:
Does selective insulin-like growth factor-I antagonist inhibit mouse embryo development in a dose-dependent manner?
### Response:
| We conclude that IGF-I has an important role in normal mouse embryo development and that its receptor plays an essential role in the embryonic genome activation process. |
### Instruction:
Does expression genetics identify spinal mechanisms supporting formalin late phase behaviors?
### Response:
| Wide differences in pain behaviors, including those resulting from the injection of formalin, can be observed in inbred strains of mice suggesting strong genetic influences. Correlating levels of gene expression in tissues established to be mechanistically implicated in the expression of specific behaviors can identify... |
### Instruction:
Does caspase inhibition modulate left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction through cellular and extracellular mechanisms?
### Response:
| CASPI attenuated regional and global LV remodeling post-MI and altered viable myocyte geometry. Caspases increased MMP activity in vitro, whereas CASPI modified conversion of MMP-2 to the active form in vivo. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that the elaboration of caspases post-MI likely contri... |
### Instruction:
Do dynamics of traditional metabolic risk factors associate with specific causes of death in old age?
### Response:
| In old age, larger declines in BMI, total cholesterol levels, and blood pressures and weaker increases in HDL cholesterol levels associate with mortality. We identified distinct clustering in the dynamics of these traditional metabolic risk factors and indicators of health and disease in a profile that is suggestive of... |
### Instruction:
Is medication adherence a mediator of the relationship between ethnicity and event-free survival in patients with heart failure?
### Response:
| Medication adherence was a mediator of the relationship between ethnicity and event-free survival in this sample. Interventions designed to reduce barriers to medication adherence may decrease the disparity in outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Are endothelial function and arterial compliance impaired in subjects with heart failure of non-ischemic origin?
### Response:
| Heart failure of nonischemic etiology is not associated with abnormalities of endothelium-mediated dilatation or of arterial compliance. The findings of our study now need to be confirmed in larger studies. |
### Instruction:
Does the allergen Bet v 1 in fractions of ambient air deviate from birch pollen counts?
### Response:
| In general, pollen count and allergen in ambient air follow the same temporal trends. However, because a 10-fold difference can exist in allergen potency of birch pollen, symptoms might be difficult to correlate with pollen counts, but perhaps better with allergen exposure. |
### Instruction:
Does a common polymorphism in CD40 Kozak sequence ( -1C/T ) is associate with acute coronary syndrome?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the -1C allele of the CD40 (-1C/T) gene polymorphism is a genetic factor that may determine an individual's susceptibility by ACS in Chinese. The CD40 -1C/T polymorphism is a novel regulator of CD40 expression. |
### Instruction:
Are injection volumes of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid increasing in the endoscopic management of vesicoureteral reflux?
### Response:
| Over the study period there was an increase in the number of vials of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid being used per patient to treat children with VUR. This practice may improve success rates but will increase the cost of treatment due to the inherent expense of the material. |
### Instruction:
Does combination therapy with olmesartan and azelnidipine improve EDHF-mediated responses in diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?
### Response:
| OLM + AZL may improve the severely impaired EDHF-mediated responses in diabetic ApoE(-/-) mice, in which activation of the endothelial Akt - eNOS pathway may be involved. |
### Instruction:
Does the mouse model of Down syndrome Ts65Dn present visual deficits as assessed by pattern visual evoked potentials?
### Response:
| DS includes various phenotypes associated with the visual system, including deficits in visual acuity, accommodation, and contrast sensitivity. The present study provides electrophysiological evidence of visual deficits in Ts65Dn mice that are similar to those reported in persons with DS. These findings strengthen the ... |
### Instruction:
Do mutation -538 T/C in bone morphogenetic protein 4 increase the risk in sickle-cell disease with orthopedic complications but strongly associated with increased LDH and uric acid level in Indian patients from Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand states?
### Response:
| The T/C polymorphism in BMP4 is not associated with case group and in view of present observation, we suggest that evaluation of LDH and uric acid level and its association with polymorphisms in the BMP4 may be considered to be reliable molecular and biochemical markers, and possess promising rational for diagnostic po... |
### Instruction:
Do value of high-frequency miniprobes and conventional radial endoscopic ultrasound in the staging of early Barrett 's carcinoma?
### Response:
| HFPs are significantly superior to crEUS for local staging of Barrett's cancer. However, the accuracy of assessment of the T category was unsatisfactory with both techniques. |
### Instruction:
Does electroporation facilitate introduction of reporter transgenes and virions into schistosome eggs?
### Response:
| Square wave electroporation facilitates introduction of transgenes into the schistosome egg. Electroporation was more effective for the transduction of eggs with pseudotyped MLV than simply soaking the eggs in virions. These findings underscore the potential of targeting the schistosome egg for germ line transgenesis. |
### Instruction:
Do soluble ST2 plasma concentrations predict mortality in severe sepsis?
### Response:
| Sepsis results in sustained elevation of serum sST2 levels, which correlates with disease severity and mortality. |
### Instruction:
Does conjugation of bevacizumab to cationic liposomes enhance their tumor-targeting potential?
### Response:
| Bevacizumab-modified PCLs represent a potential improvement over the unmodified variety, supporting their future development for the treatment of cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does caldesmon regulate the motility of vascular smooth muscle cells by modulating the actin cytoskeleton stability?
### Response:
| These results suggest that both the expression level and the level of MAPK- and/or PAK-mediated phosphorylation of CaD play key roles in regulating the cell motility by modulating the actin cytoskeleton stability in dedifferentiated vascular SMCs such as A7r5. |
### Instruction:
Is tAp73 one of the genes responsible for the lack of response to chemotherapy depending on B-Raf mutational status?
### Response:
| Here, for the first time we report, that there is a signaling loop between B-Raf activation and p73 function.Low expression of TAp73 in colorectal cancer cell lines with mutated B-Raf may be involved in the lack of response to oxaliplatin in monotherapy or combined with cetuximab. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel DSPP mutation cause dentinogenesis imperfecta type II in a large Mongolian family?
### Response:
| This study identified a novel mutation (IVS3+3A-->G) in DSPP, which caused DGI-II in a large Mongolian family. This expands the spectrum of mutations leading to DGI-II. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide analysis of the diatom cell cycle unveil a novel type of cyclins involved in environmental signaling?
### Response:
| The discovery of highly conserved and new cell cycle regulators suggests the evolution of unique control mechanisms for diatom cell division, probably contributing to their ability to adapt and survive under highly fluctuating environmental conditions. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma bilirubin and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity inversely related in dyslipidemic patients with metabolic syndrome : relevance to oxidative stress?
### Response:
| Elevation in systemic GGT activity, which is characterized by extended generation of ROS, together with potentially deficient bilirubin-mediated antioxidative capacity of plasma, may therefore constitute key components of the systemic oxidative stress typical of metabolic syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide methylation and expression profiling identify promoter characteristics affecting demethylation-induced gene up-regulation in melanoma?
### Response:
| Clinically, elucidating the patterns of action of decitabine could aid in predicting the likelihood of up-regulating epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes and others from pathways involved with tumor biology. As a first step toward an eventual translational application, we build a classifier to predict gene up... |
### Instruction:
Is arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy a disease of cardiac stem cells?
### Response:
| Advances in molecular genetics and the pathogenesis of ARVC could afford the opportunity for a genetic-based diagnosis and development of novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets aimed to prevent, attenuate and reverse the evolving phenotype. |
### Instruction:
Do schistosoma mansoni proteins attenuate gastrointestinal motility disturbances during experimental colitis in mice?
### Response:
| Treatment with S. mansoni proteins attenuated intestinal inflammation and ameliorated motility disturbances during murine experimental colitis. |
### Instruction:
Do scapular rotation to attain the peak shoulder external rotation in tennis serve?
### Response:
| The peak resultant shoulder external rotation was generated by a synchronized combination of the scapular posterior tilt and glenohumeral external rotation. A consistent pattern of three phases of the scapular posterior tilt and the glenohumeral external rotation that could be accurately modeled by three linear regress... |
### Instruction:
Are fatigue-induced reductions of torque and shortening velocity muscle dependent?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that fatigue-related mechanisms that reduce torque are not the same as those that reduce shortening velocity. |
### Instruction:
Are serum sodium concentration changes related to fluid balance and sweat sodium loss?
### Response:
| Changes in serum sodium concentration during an ultraendurance triathlon are significantly related to interactions of fluid balance, sweat sodium loss, and sodium ingestion. |
### Instruction:
Does propofol improve cardiac functional recovery after ischemia-reperfusion by upregulating nitric oxide synthase activity in the isolated rat hearts?
### Response:
| In isolated rat hearts, propofol can improve cardiac functional recovery after ischemia-reperfusion by upregulating NOS activity in the myocardium. The NO system may play an important role in the preservation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury produced by propofol. |
### Instruction:
Does identification of ovarian cancer symptoms in health insurance claim data?
### Response:
| These results support previous findings that ovarian cancer symptoms were reported in health insurance claims and were more prevalent before diagnosis, but the symptoms may occur too close to the diagnosis date to provide useful diagnostic information. The passive screening approach should be reevaluated in the future ... |
### Instruction:
Does the pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Bim regulate cell cycle progression of hematopoietic progenitors during megakaryopoiesis?
### Response:
| In the present study, we demonstrated that Bim plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cell cycle progression in hepatopoietic progenitors during megakaryopiesis. |
### Instruction:
Do circulating monocyte subpopulations with high expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme predict mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease?
### Response:
| This study describes a new combined biomarker of monocyte subpopulation numbers together with high expression of ACE that has a striking predictive value for mortality of CKD patients. Further research into the pathophysiologic background of this observation is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Is high platelet reactivity associated with myocardial infarction in premenopausal women : a population-based case-control study?
### Response:
| High basal platelet reactivity was associated with a 2- to 3-fold higher incidence of MI compared with normal platelet reactivity in premenopausal women. Our results suggest that high basal platelet reactivity may contribute to a higher risk of MI. |
### Instruction:
Do short-chain fatty acids regulate the enteric neurons and control gastrointestinal motility in rats?
### Response:
| Butyrate or histone deacetylase inhibitors might be used, along with nutritional approaches, to treat various gastrointestinal motility disorders associated with inhibition of colonic transit. |
### Instruction:
Does moderate or supranormal folic acid supplementation exert a protective effect for homocysteinemia and methylation markers in growing rats?
### Response:
| FA deficiency compromises methionine metabolism whereas supplementation does not show an additional positive effect compared to the control diet in growing animals. |
### Instruction:
Is occupational activity associated with knee cartilage morphology in females?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that asymptomatic adult females with occupations requiring frequent knee bending have patella, but not tibial cartilage damage. These findings suggest that vocational tasks requiring knee bending are detrimental to the structure of cartilage in females and may be an area to consider in the preve... |
### Instruction:
Does triptolide reduce cyst formation in a neonatal to adult transition Pkd1 model of ADPKD?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the Pkd1(flox/flox);Mx1Cre model of ADPKD is amenable to short-term kidney cyst formation drug studies; however, it may be problematic for long-term therapeutic research where widespread liver cysts and fibrosis could compromise drug metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Does deletion of either CD55 or CD97 ameliorate arthritis in mouse models?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that the lack of CD55 or CD97 in 2 different models of arthritis increases resistance to the disease. These findings provide insight into a role for CD55 interaction with CD97 in the pathogenesis of RA and suggest that therapeutic strategies that disrupt CD55/CD97 may be clinically beneficial. |
### Instruction:
Is serum leptin correlated to high turnover in osteoporosis?
### Response:
| A dual control of bone formation by leptin is assumed: This involves local mechanisms acting on osteoblasts and a central inhibitory effect on bone metabolism via a hypothalamic relay. Our data indicate that the net effect of circulating leptin may cause bone loss and is significantly related to high-turnover serum bon... |
### Instruction:
Does preprandial single oral dose of sitagliptin affect circulating ghrelin and gastrin levels in normal subjects?
### Response:
| Preprandial oral dose of sitagliptin does not affect circulating ghrelin, gastrin, insulin, and glucose concentrations in normal subjects. Decreased ghrelin and increased gastrin and insulin levels occurred only after meal loading. These results support the theory that sitagliptin might not cause appetite-enhanced body... |
### Instruction:
Does rAGE affect amyloid pathology in transgenic ArcAbeta mice?
### Response:
| Together, our results indicate that while the absence of RAGE was associated with increased insulin-degrading enzyme activity in the brain, it was not sufficient to prevent or ameliorate cognitive deterioration, Abeta accumulation and microglial activation in the arcAbeta mouse model of AD. |
### Instruction:
Does correction of leaflet prolapse extend the spectrum of patients suitable for valve-sparing aortic root replacement?
### Response:
| Patients with large aortic root aneurysms and advanced AR often have stretched leaflets that will prolapse and lead to early failure if only root geometry is corrected. With the addition of leaflet prolapse correction, we have shown equivalent durability to those without stretched leaflets. This has allowed valve prese... |
### Instruction:
Is obstructive sleep apnea common and independently associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| OSA is highly prevalent in patients with HCM and it is associated with left atrial and aortic enlargement. OSA is independently associated with AF, a risk factor for cardiovascular death in this population. |
### Instruction:
Is atrial natriuretic peptide gene polymorphism associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| The polymorphisms of the ANP gene are not associated with increasing risk of HCM or clinical phenotypes. The variations of the ANP gene may not serve as a genetic modifier for the development of HCM. |
### Instruction:
Is the dopamine transporter gene ( DAT1 ) polymorphism associated with premature ejaculation?
### Response:
| The findings of the present study support results of previous studies indicating involvement of dopaminergic neurotransmission in ejaculation. |
### Instruction:
Does fragmented QRS on twelve-lead electrocardiogram predict arrhythmic events in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| fQRS on 12-lead ECG is a predictor of arrhythmic events in patients with CAD and DCM. fQRS is associated with a significantly decreased time to first arrhythmic event compared with non-fQRS and wQRS. |
### Instruction:
Does helicobacter pylori-induced activation of beta-catenin involve low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 and Dishevelled?
### Response:
| We analysed the H. pylori-induced activation of Wnt-signaling factors and demonstrate for the first time that the canonical Wnt-signaling proteins LRP6 and Dvl2 and Dvl3 are involved in the regulation of beta-catenin. |
### Instruction:
Do long-term genome-wide blood RNA expression profiles yield novel molecular response candidates for IFN-beta-1b treatment in relapsing remitting MS?
### Response:
| We achieved both a broadening of the knowledge of IFN-beta mechanism-of-action-related constituents and the identification of time-dependent interactions between IFN-beta regulated genes. |
### Instruction:
Do metalloporphyrin antioxidants ameliorate normal tissue radiation damage in rat brain?
### Response:
| Metalloporphyrin antioxidants merit further exploration as adjunctive radioprotectants for cranial radiotherapy/radiosurgery applications, although the potential for tumour protection must be carefully considered. |
### Instruction:
Is erythrophagocytosis by angiogenic endothelial cells enhanced by loss of erythrocyte deformability?
### Response:
| The pronounced phagocytosis of opsonized erythrocytes with reduced deformability by angiogenic growth factor-activated endothelial cells evokes new insights in endothelial cell function and suggests a role for these endothelial cells in (hematological) disorders because of their capacity to clear disordered erythrocyte... |
### Instruction:
Does the use of beta-adrenergic drugs improve hepatic oxygen metabolism in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection?
### Response:
| Low doses of vasoactive drugs, especially dobutamine, improved hepatic oxygen supply and uptake preserving immediate function of the remnant cirrhotic liver. |
### Instruction:
Is the alphavbeta6 integrin a highly specific immunohistochemical marker for cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| The alphavbeta6 integrin is strongly expressed in human CC but not in HCC and therefore can be considered as a specific immunohistochemical marker in the differential diagnosis of primary liver tumours. |
### Instruction:
Is cpG methylation of a silent controlling element in the murine Avy allele incomplete and unresponsive to methyl donor supplementation?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that, contrary to previous supposition, methyl donor supplementation acts through an indirect mechanism to silence A(vy). The incomplete cytosine methylation we observe at the somatically silent A(vy) allele may reflect its unstable germline state, and the influence of epigenetic modifications unde... |
### Instruction:
Does bumetanide alleviate epileptogenic and neurotoxic effects of sevoflurane in neonatal rat brain?
### Response:
| These results support the possibility that excitatory output of sevoflurane-potentiated gamma-aminobutyric acid type A/glycine systems may contribute to epileptogenic and neurotoxic effects in early postnatal rats. |
### Instruction:
Does competitive inhibition at the glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mediate xenon neuroprotection against hypoxia-ischemia?
### Response:
| We show that xenon neuroprotection against hypoxia- ischemia can be reversed by increasing the glycine concentration. This is consistent with competitive inhibition by xenon at the NMDA receptor glycine site, playing a significant role in xenon neuroprotection. This finding may have important implications for xenon's c... |
### Instruction:
Does peritoneal drainage stabilize extremely low birth weight infants with perforated bowel : data from the NET Trial?
### Response:
| Peritoneal drainage does not immediately improve clinical status in extremely low birth weight infants with bowel perforation. The use of PD as a stabilizing or temporizing measure is not supported by these results. |
### Instruction:
Is morbidity after surgical treatment of isolated intestinal perforation and necrotizing enterocolitis similar in preterm infants weighing less than 1500 g?
### Response:
| Surgery in NEC resulted in more extensive intestinal resection than in IIP. However, subsequent morbidity was similar in both groups. |
### Instruction:
Does increased muscle strength improve managing in activities of daily living in fall-prone community-dwelling older women?
### Response:
| An increase in knee extension strength during the 12-month follow-up was associated with improvement in some ADL functions and improvement in self-perceived physical condition during the same period in fall-prone community-dwelling women. |
### Instruction:
Do antiphospholipid antibodies limit trophoblast migration by reducing IL-6 production and STAT3 activity?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that aPL limit trophoblast cell migration by downregulating trophoblast IL-6 secretion and STAT3 activity. As heparin was unable to prevent these effects, our findings may explain why women with antiphospholipid syndrome, treated with heparin, remain at risk of developing obstetrical syndromes, ... |
### Instruction:
Is elective laparoscopic recto-sigmoid resection for diverticular disease suitable as a training operation?
### Response:
| Since there are no differences in operation time, blood loss, conversion rate and total complications, there is no need to avoid laparoscopic recto-sigmoid resection for diverticular disease early in the learning curve. |
### Instruction:
Does mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase partially contribute to antioxidant protection in the kidney of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| These results demonstrated the difference in HMGCS2 expression and oxidative stress in kidney tissues between SHRSPs and their SHR controls. The enhanced oxidative stress was partly due to the lower HMGCS2 expression regulated possibly by the Akt signaling pathway. |
### Instruction:
Are eye and eyelid abnormalities common in patients with Hashimoto 's thyroiditis?
### Response:
| Eye changes, in particular UER, are common in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Since thyroid stimulating hormone-receptor antibodies are not usually associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, autoimmune mediated damage of the levator palpebrae superioris (eyelid) muscle cannot be due to these antibodies. Although e... |
### Instruction:
Is pediatric interventional cardiology in the United States dependent on the off-label use of medical devices?
### Response:
| In our routine (noninvestigational) practice of pediatric interventional cardiology, 63% of patients underwent procedures utilizing medical devices for off-label indications. These data underscore the need to enhance cardiac device review and approval processes in the United States to include pediatric applications. |
### Instruction:
Does transient perioperative pharmacologic inhibition of muscularis macrophages as a target for prophylaxis of postoperative ileus affect anastomotic healing in mice?
### Response:
| In our current model we demonstrate that transient perioperative pharmacologic and genetic muscularis macrophage inhibition does not affect intestinal anastomotic healing. These results call for further investigations to establish a pharmacologic prophylaxis for the prevention of postoperative ileus. |
### Instruction:
Does a dedicated consultant-led vascular access team significantly reduce out-of-hours and emergency permanent central venous access insertions?
### Response:
| Introduction of a VAT has led to a significant decrease in emergency and out-of-hours PCVAD insertions, despite an increase in overall activity for the period. The median time taken for elective insertions is significantly less than emergency insertions, which has increased the efficiency of vascular access provision a... |
### Instruction:
Do urinomas protect renal function in posterior urethral valves -- a population based study?
### Response:
| This population-based study of PUV boys demonstrates that urinomas reduce nadir creatinine and significantly protect long-term global renal function. |
### Instruction:
Does amphetamine treatment during early postnatal development transiently restrict somatic growth?
### Response:
| These findings support the idea that developmental AMPH exposure transiently restricts somatic growth. Moreover, the lack of effect on brain weight shows that AMPH differentially affects somatic and brain growth. The current findings suggest that in addition to the immediate effects on body weight, amphetamine may alte... |
### Instruction:
Does a natural propenoic acid derivative activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/delta ( PPARbeta/delta )?
### Response:
| Results from these studies demonstrate that compound 1 can activate PPARbeta/delta and inhibit cell proliferation of a human skin cancer cell line, suggesting that the biological effects of 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid may be mediated in part by activating this PPAR isoform. |
### Instruction:
Is the cell envelope subtilisin-like proteinase a virulence determinant for Streptococcus suis?
### Response:
| In summary, we identified a gene coding for a cell surface subtilisin-like serine proteinase that is widely distributed in S. suis. Evidences were brought for the involvement of this proteinase in S. suis virulence. |
### Instruction:
Are serum anti-mullerian hormone concentrations elevated in oligomenorrheic girls without evidence of hyperandrogenism?
### Response:
| In OLIGO adolescents, elevated serum AMH levels suggest increased antral follicle number similar to that observed in girls with PCOS. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma levels of ICAM-1 and circulating endothelial cells elevated in unstable types 1 and 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| This study showed a continuous rise in ICAM-1 and CEC levels as stable, well controlled diabetic patients shift towards decompensation. In unstable diabetic patients, the relationship between CEC and CEPC can be represented as [CEC] alpha 1/[CEPC]. |
### Instruction:
Does short term testosterone replacement therapy improve libido and body composition?
### Response:
| Six months of testosterone replacement improved sexuality and body composition, with prostatic and hematological safety. |
### Instruction:
Does infliximab attenuate early myocardial dysfunction after resuscitation in a swine cardiac arrest model?
### Response:
| Tumor necrosis factor-alpha plays a role in cardiac dysfunction after arrest and infliximab may attenuate or prevent postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction when administered immediately after resuscitation. |
### Instruction:
Does peritonitis-induced peroxynitrite and lung damage depend on c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling of hematopoietic cells?
### Response:
| Collectively, our data suggest that peritonitis-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, peroxynitrite production, and lung damage depend on the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling of the hematopoietic cells. |
### Instruction:
Is lesion size a major determinant of the mammographic features of ductal carcinoma in situ : findings from the Sloane project?
### Response:
| Lesion size has a strong influence on the radiological features of calcific DCIS; small, high-grade lesions often show no casting calcifications, whereas casting calcifications are seen in nearly half of large, low-grade lesions. As small clusters of punctate or granular calcifications may represent high-grade DCIS, an... |
### Instruction:
Do 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors prevent the progression of renal dysfunction in Japanese hypertensive patients?
### Response:
| Lipid-lowering intervention with statins inhibits the progression of CKD in hypertensive patients. |
### Instruction:
Are colorectal cancer and adenomas rare in individuals of Turkish descent living in the Zaanstreek region in the Netherlands?
### Response:
| Colorectal cancer and colonic adenoma are rare in patients of Turkish descent living in the Zaanstreek region, the Netherlands. |
### Instruction:
Are relative hypoparathyroidism and hypoalbuminemia associated with hip fracture in hemodialysis patients?
### Response:
| Relative hypoparathyroidism and hypoalbuminemia are associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in hemodialysis patients. There is also a significant reduction in quality of life in patients sustaining a hip fracture. |
### Instruction:
Do red ( anthocyanic ) leaf margins correspond to increased phenolic content in New Zealand Veronica spp?
### Response:
| Red margin coloration was not an accurate indicator of total phenolic content in leaf margins or interior lamina tissue in New Zealand Veronica. Red coloration was also ineffective in deterring herbivory on the leaf margin, though studies controlling for variations in leaf structure and biochemistry (e.g. intra-specifi... |
### Instruction:
Does endothelin 1 contribute to the effect of transforming growth factor beta1 on wound repair and skin fibrosis?
### Response:
| Our results strongly support the notion that the TGFbeta1/ET-1 axis has a role in wound repair and skin fibrosis. ET-1 receptor antagonists, such as bosentan, may represent a useful therapeutic tool in the treatment of excessive scarring and fibrosis-related diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does fox-2 protein regulate the alternative splicing of scleroderma-associated lysyl hydroxylase 2 messenger RNA?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that Fox-2 plays an integral role in the regulation of LH2 splicing. Knockdown of Fox-2 and other methods to decrease the levels of fibrosis-associated LH2(long) mRNA in primary scleroderma cells may suggest a novel approach to strategies directed against scleroderma. |
### Instruction:
Do hLA-B27 heavy chains distinguished by a micropolymorphism exhibit differential flexibility?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrates the existence of previously undetected systematic conformational and dynamic differences between the heavy chains of the 2 HLA-B27 subtypes. Since effector cell recognition of cells expressing HLA antigens is dependent on the dynamic properties of the interacting cell surface molecules, t... |
### Instruction:
Does salt intake induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of the peritoneal membrane in rats?
### Response:
| High dietary salt intake induces EMT and peritoneal fibrosis, a process coinciding with upregulation of TGF-beta1. |
### Instruction:
Are growth factor concentrations and their placental mRNA expression modulated in gestational diabetes mellitus : possible interactions with macrosomia?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that growth factors might be implicated in GDM and, in part, in the pathology of macrosomia via materno-foeto-placental axis. |
### Instruction:
Does deletion of CD39 on natural killer cells attenuate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice?
### Response:
| We propose that CD39 deficiency and changes in P2 receptor activation abrogate secretion of interferon gamma by NK cells in response to inflammatory mediators, thereby limiting tissue damage mediated by these innate immune cells during IRI. |
### Instruction:
Does enzyme replacement therapy improve cardiovascular responses to orthostatic challenge in Fabry patients?
### Response:
| Reduced increase in heart rate, blood pressure and sympathetic activation, and limited cardiovagal withdrawal and BRS adjustment seen in untreated Fabry patients upon standing normalized after 18 and 23 months of ERT demonstrating improved baroreflex function, which, in turn, is an established parameter of improved dis... |
### Instruction:
Does ezetimibe ameliorate metabolic disorders and microalbuminuria in patients with hypercholesterolemia?
### Response:
| Ezetimibe ameliorated the status of metabolic syndrome and microalbuminuria, reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, and increased nitric oxide bioavailability in a LDL-chol reduction-dependent and -independent manner. |
### Instruction:
Are activity-rest rhythm abnormalities in Parkinson 's disease patients related to dopaminergic therapy?
### Response:
| Results suggest that activity-rest rhythm alteration in PD may be a consequence of DT but not of disease stage. Altered sleep cycles correlated with diurnal somnolence and nocturnal psychosis. |
### Instruction:
Is gadd45beta a novel mediator of cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by ischaemia/hypoxia?
### Response:
| These results suggest that Gadd45beta is a key player in ischaemia/hypoxia-induced apoptotic cardiomyocyte death, and that strategies based on its inhibition might be of benefit in the treatment of acute ischaemic heart disease. |
### Instruction:
Does furfural induce reactive oxygen species accumulation and cellular damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae?
### Response:
| These data suggest that when yeast cells encounter the inhibitor furfural, they not only need to reduce furfural into furan methanol but also to protect themselves from the cellular effects of furfural and repair any damage caused. The reduced cellular damage seen at 25 mM furfural compared to 50 mM furfural may be lin... |
### Instruction:
Do monkey hybrid stem cells develop cellular features of Huntington 's disease?
### Response:
| Huntington's disease cellular features is influenced by neural developmental events. These results are the first to demonstrate that a pluripotent stem cell line is able to mimic Huntington's disease progression that parallels neural development, which could be a useful cell model for investigating the developmental im... |
### Instruction:
Is the prevalence of atypical scrapie in sheep from positive flocks higher than in the general sheep population in 11 European countries?
### Response:
| These results suggest that atypical scrapie is not contagious or has a very low transmissibility under natural conditions compared with classical scrapie. Furthermore this study stressed the importance of standardised data collection to make good use of the analyses undertaken by European countries in their efforts to ... |
### Instruction:
Are n-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors on striatal neurons essential for cocaine cue reactivity in mice?
### Response:
| The NMDAR on striatal neurons is essential for the development of cocaine cue reactivity in the place conditioning paradigm. Our finding identifies a brain region whose constitutive NMDAR level serves as a determinant for susceptibility to this aspect of cocaine addiction. |
### Instruction:
Does mucin gene deficiency in mice impair host resistance to an enteric parasitic infection?
### Response:
| Mucins are an important component of innate defense in enteric infection; this is the first demonstration of the important functional contribution of mucins to host protection from nematode infection. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of glycolysis enhance cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells?
### Response:
| The glycolytic phenotype of ovarian cancer cells can be targeted for therapeutic intervention. Combined treatment modalities that target multiple cellular pathways hold promise for the treatment of chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells. |
### Instruction:
Is health beliefs before and after participation on an exercised-based rehabilitation programme for chronic knee pain : doing believing?
### Response:
| ESCAPE-knee pain appears to achieve improvements by increasing people's treatment belief in safety and the utility of exercise to control symptoms, rather than alteration in their beliefs about causation or prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Is diallyl trisulfide-induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in DU145 cells associated with delayed nuclear translocation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1?
### Response:
| The present study indicates that the DATS-mediated G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in DU145 cells results from differential kinetics of nuclear localization of cdk1 and cyclin B1. |
### Instruction:
Does exertional heat illness among overweight U.S. Army recruit in basic training?
### Response:
| Although there were few heat illness events, the results indicate a significantly increased risk of heat illness and outpatient utilization among male recruits with excess body fat. It was estimated that approximately 70% of the relative risk for heat illnesses in men with excess body fat during basic training was asso... |
### Instruction:
Does [ Long-term and high-dose bisphosphonate administration cause no bone over-mineralization ]?
### Response:
| Long-term and high-dose bisphosphonate administration significantly suppresses bone turnover so as to increase the degree of bone mineralization. But there is no resulting bone over-mineralization. (incadronate) administration on the mean degree of secondary mineralization in bone. |
### Instruction:
Do staphylococcal strains vary greatly in their ability to induce an inflammatory response in endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Given that agr-defective strains are commonly recovered during colonization and infection, agr deficiency might represent a strategy of S. aureus to hide intracellularly without provoking the host immune system and causing relapsing infections. |
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