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### Instruction:
Does cAML modulate tetherin-mediated restriction of HIV-1 particle release?
### Response:
| We conclude that tetherin restricts particle release and does not require CAML for this effect. Furthermore, these results do not support a major role for CAML in restricting HIV particle release in human cells. |
### Instruction:
Do disproportionate body lengths correlate with idiopathic-type curvature in the curveback guppy?
### Response:
| In order to better characterize the relationship between growth, length disproportion, and curvature in the guppy, further studies are warranted. However, this inquiry further supports the usefulness of curveback as a model for understanding the basic biology of idiopathic-type scoliosis and encourages study of growth-... |
### Instruction:
Does add-on montelukast to inhaled corticosteroids protect against excessive airway narrowing?
### Response:
| Add-on montelukast to ICS has disease-modifying effects in adults with persistent asthma, and hence reduces the risk of excessive airway narrowing (NCT 00913328). |
### Instruction:
Does short-course raltegravir intensification reduce persistent low-level viremia in patients with HIV-1 suppression during receipt of combination antiretroviral therapy?
### Response:
| Intensification of antiretroviral therapy with a potent HIV-1 integrase inhibitor did not decrease persistent viremia in subjects receiving suppressive regimens, indicating that rapidly cycling cells infected with HIV-1 were not present. Eradication of HIV-1 from infected persons will require new therapeutic approaches... |
### Instruction:
Does dichlorvos exposure impede extraction and amplification of DNA from insects in museum collections?
### Response:
| Collections treated with paradichlorobenzene and naphthalene, are better preserved concerning DNA, than those treated with dichlorvos. Non toxic pest control methods should, however, be preferred due to physical damage of specimens and putative health risks by chemicals. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrogen peroxide stress stimulate phosphorylation of FoxO1 in rat aortic endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrate that phosphorylation of FoxO1 by PI-3K/Akt signaling is implicated in response to oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Does vasodilator therapy with hydralazine induce angiotensin AT receptor-mediated cardiomyocyte growth in mice lacking guanylyl cyclase-A?
### Response:
| The vasodilator hydralazine induced AT(2) receptor-mediated cardiomyocyte growth under conditions of GCA deficiency. However, attenuation of cardiac fibrosis by hydralazine could be beneficial in the management of cardiac diseases. |
### Instruction:
Do gPR55 ligands promote receptor coupling to multiple signalling pathways?
### Response:
| Our data help to resolve some of the issues surrounding the pharmacology of cannabinoid ligands at GPR55 and highlight some differences in effector coupling associated with distinct GPR55 ligands. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of aquaporin 8 diversely regulated by osmotic stress in amnion epithelial cells?
### Response:
| The expression and distribution of AQP8 in AEC are diversely regulated by osmotic loads suggesting a role for AQP8 in intramembranous water transport and the balance of amniotic fluid. |
### Instruction:
Does mammalian target of rapamycin regulate vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent liver cyst growth in polycystin-2-defective mice?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that PKA-dependent up-regulation of mTOR has a central role in the proliferative, antiapoptotic, and pro-angiogenic effects of IGF1 and VEGF in polycystin-2-defective mice. This study also highlights a mechanistic link between PKA, ERK, mTOR, and HIF1alpha-mediated VEGF secretion and provides a p... |
### Instruction:
Does short-term therapy with peroxisome proliferation-activator receptor-alpha agonist Wy-14,643 protect murine fatty liver against ischemia-reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| NASH and SS livers are both more susceptible to IRI. Mechanisms include possible distortion of the microvasculature by swollen fat-laden hepatocytes, and enhanced production of several cytokines. The beneficial effects of Wy-14,643 may be exerted by dampening adhesion molecule and cytokine responses, and activating NF-... |
### Instruction:
Is glycaemic control correlated with well-being index ( WHO-5 ) in subjects with type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| In type 2 diabetic subjects, glycaemic control shows a significant correlation with well-being, while neuropathic pain is associated with lower well-being score. |
### Instruction:
Does verbal dyspnoea score predict emergency department departure status in patients with shortness of breath?
### Response:
| Verbal dyspnoea score, alone and in combination with heart rate and arrival transport, can accurately predict admission. Once validated they might be useful in assessing, prioritizing and making rapid site of care decisions for breathless patients presenting to the ED. |
### Instruction:
Is cXCL12-induced chemotaxis impaired in T cells from patients with ZAP-70-negative chronic lymphocytic leukemia?
### Response:
| Impaired migration towards CXCL12 may reduce the access of T cells from ZAP-70-negative patients to lymphoid organs, creating a less favorable microenvironment for leukemic cell survival and proliferation. |
### Instruction:
Do lymphatic endothelial cells adapt their barrier function in response to changes in shear stress?
### Response:
| These results suggest that lymphatic endothelial cells dynamically alter their morphology and barrier function in response to changes in shear stress by a mechanism dependent upon Rac1-mediated actin dynamics. |
### Instruction:
Do clinical update on optimal prandial insulin dosing using a refined run-to-run control algorithm?
### Response:
| Run-to-run algorithms are able to improve postprandial blood glucose levels in subjects with T1DM. |
### Instruction:
Does early and intensive rehabilitation predict good functional outcomes in patients admitted to the stroke intensive care unit?
### Response:
| Rehabilitation commencement time and intensity, after adjusting for admission functional status and severity of stroke, remained to be important predictors of stroke functional outcomes. This study supported the recommendation to commence rehabilitation early and intensively and provided evidence that this claim can be... |
### Instruction:
Does 17beta-Estradiol accentuate contractility of rat genioglossal muscle via regulation of estrogen receptor alpha?
### Response:
| The results demonstrated that the contractility of GG was accentuated by estrogen. Moreover, these effects were at least in part, meditated directly via regulation of the expression of ERalpha. It might contribute to the protective effects of estrogen on the patency of upper airway and the pathogenesis of obstructive s... |
### Instruction:
Does adjunctive functional pharyngeal electrical stimulation reverse swallowing disability after brain lesions?
### Response:
| This pilot study of PES confirms that it is a safe neurostimulation intervention that reverses swallowing disability after virtual lesion or stroke. |
### Instruction:
Does plasma osteopontin concentration correlate with the severity of hepatic fibrosis and inflammation in HCV-infected subjects?
### Response:
| The plasma OPN level is correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis and inflammation, suggesting OPN could be used as a biomarker to evaluate the severity of liver damages in HCV subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does hepatitis B virus activate deoxynucleotide synthesis in nondividing hepatocytes by targeting the R2 gene?
### Response:
| Our findings demonstrate that the hepatitis B X protein is critical in infecting nonproliferating hepatocytes, which contain a low dNTP level. In addition, we provide molecular evidence for a new mechanism of HBV-host cell interaction where RNR-R2, a critical cell-cycle gene, is selectively activated in nonproliferatin... |
### Instruction:
Is maternal serum anti-Mullerian hormone level superior to chronological age in predicting Down syndrome pregnancies?
### Response:
| Maternal serum AMH level, as a marker of ovarian age, is not superior to chronological age in predicting Down syndrome pregnancies. Despite the cross-sectional nature of our study, the variation of maternal serum AMH concentration with gestational age warrants further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Are invariant natural killer T cells natural regulators of murine spondylarthritis?
### Response:
| This mode of iNKT cell activation represents a natural counterregulatory mechanism for the dampening of TNF-driven inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Are increased serum vitamin B12 levels associated with adult-onset Still 's disease with reactive macrophage activation syndrome?
### Response:
| Elevated vitamin B(12) levels seems to be a good marker for diagnostic marker in AOSD when complicated with rMAS. |
### Instruction:
Are in untreated HIV-1-infected children , PBMC-associated HIV DNA levels and cell-free HIV RNA levels correlated to distinct T-lymphocyte populations?
### Response:
| Several immune markers were correlated to either the HIV RNA or the HIV DNA level, but never to both of them, supporting the concept that cell-free virus and infected cells play different roles in HIV-1 immunopathogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does [ be our clinical practice of antipsychotic relapse prevention in schizophrenia really evidence-based ]?
### Response:
| Based on current scientific knowledge, the major objections raised against the application of long-acting agents can be refuted: 1) 2nd generation antipsychotics do not improve medication adherence. 2) Concerns that long-acting agents conflict with the autonomy of a patient neglect the loss of autonomy and self-determi... |
### Instruction:
Do implicit attitudes and explicit motivation prospectively predict physical activity?
### Response:
| PA motivation involves both explicit and implicit processes, and PA promotion efforts may be enhanced by attending to relevant implicit motivation processes. |
### Instruction:
Are paxillin expression levels correlated with clinical stage and metastasis in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma?
### Response:
| Our observations indicate that paxillin expression is upregulated in SACC. High expression of paxillin was correlated with a more advanced stage and metastasis in SACC, suggesting that paxillin is a disease marker in advanced SACC and SACC with distant metastasis, and, consequently, may have value as a therapeutic targ... |
### Instruction:
Does helicobacter pylori release cysteamine into gastric juice?
### Response:
| If H pylori produces cysteamine then the amounts produced are insignificant and are unlikely to explain the association between H pylori infection and the development of duodenal ulcer disease. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of transforming growth factor-beta ( TGF-beta ) isoforms in osteosarcomas : TGF-beta3 related to disease progression?
### Response:
| All osteosarcomas expressed TGF-beta in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells as well as in their extracellular stroma. The presence of TGF-beta in the endothelial and perivascular layers of small vessels in the tumor stroma suggests angiogenic activity of this growth factor. The expression of TGF-beta3 was correlated stron... |
### Instruction:
Does ileocecal segment transposition alter whole gut transit in humans?
### Response:
| Gastric emptying rates and small bowel transit and colonic transit times (expressed as geometric center at 6 and 24 hours) were similar in patients with ileocecal reservoir reconstruction and in a sex- and age-matched group of healthy controls. We conclude that the transposition of an ileocecal segment with intact extr... |
### Instruction:
Is [ Response of the coronary arteries to cold test and flow velocity increase improved by deferoxamine but not by L-arginine in diabetic patients ]?
### Response:
| 1) responses of angiography normal CA to CPT and to flow increase are impaired in diabetic patients; 2) abnormal responses are not improved by L-arg suggesting that a deficit in substrate for NO synthesis is not involved; 3) DFX restores a vasodilator response to the 2 tests suggesting that inactivation of NO by supero... |
### Instruction:
Does anti-human epithelial antigen ( Ber-EP4 ) help define basal cell carcinoma masked by inflammation?
### Response:
| In conclusion, we found mouse anti-human Ber-EP4 a useful and reliable marker for BCC. This antibody helps to locate latent BCC tumor in inflammatory Mohs margins. |
### Instruction:
Is association between genetic polymorphism of the pepsinogen C gene and gastric body ulcer : the genetic predisposition associated with Helicobacter pylori infection?
### Response:
| These results suggest that there is a significant association between this genetic polymorphism at the PGC gene locus and gastric body ulcer. There are differences in the genetic aetiology between gastric body ulcer and gastric angular or antral ulcer. PGC-RFLP may be used as a genetic marker for a genetic predispositi... |
### Instruction:
Does nitroglycerin enhance the ability of dobutamine stress echocardiography to detect hibernating myocardium?
### Response:
| NTG enhances the improvement of wall thickening at low-dose dobutamine and does not prevent high-dose dobutamine from inducing ischemia in hibernating myocardium. Thus, NTG augments the biphasic response of wall thickening and improves the accuracy of DSE for detecting viable myocardium. |
### Instruction:
Does the distal colon provide reserve storage capacity during colonic fluid overload?
### Response:
| The distal colon retains non-absorbable fluid volumes extensively. In our model transit through the distal colon--but not the proximal colon--determined the time at which diarrhoea occurred. |
### Instruction:
Do effects of formant bandwidth on the identification of synthetic vowels by cochlear implant recipients?
### Response:
| Manipulation of F1 bandwidth can result in concomitant changes in electrode activation patterns and identification performance. This suggests that modifications in the SPEAK coding strategy for the F1 region may be a consideration. Similar manipulations of F2 bandwidth yielded less predictable results and require furth... |
### Instruction:
Does perflubron decrease inflammatory cytokine production by human alveolar macrophages?
### Response:
| Exposure of stimulated human alveolar macrophages to perflubron in vitro decreases cytokine production. This observation suggests that perflubron may have anti-inflammatory activity. |
### Instruction:
Do experimental investigation of battery-induced esophageal burn injury in rabbits?
### Response:
| The direction of the battery cathode, which produces alkali, is important in determining the severity of complications. Based on our investigation of the underlying mechanisms of these complications, we advocate the establishment of treatment guidelines for battery swallowing accidents. |
### Instruction:
Is isolyte S , a physiologic multielectrolyte solution , preferable to normal saline to wash cell saver salvaged blood : conclusions from a prospective , randomized study in a canine model?
### Response:
| Fewer systemic acid-base and electrolyte derangements were observed when blood was washed with Isolyte S. Differences between the normal saline and Isolyte S groups are ascribed primarily to the constituents of the wash solution. We conclude that Isolyte S, a physiologic, balanced, multielectrolyte solution, should be ... |
### Instruction:
Is qT dispersion determined by the extent of viable myocardium in patients with chronic Q-wave myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| QT dispersion is determined by the amount of viable myocardium in the infarct region and may serve as a novel, rapidly available marker of substantial viability in the infarct region of patients with chronic Q-wave myocardial infarction. |
### Instruction:
Is exogenous gonadotropin stimulation associated with increases in serum androgen levels in in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles?
### Response:
| Serum LH suppression with a conventional regimen of GnRH-a is incomplete in this heterogeneous group of ovulatory women. Exogenous gonadotropin stimulation results in a marked increase in ovarian androgen secretion. |
### Instruction:
Does differences in psychosocial and health correlate of major and minor depression in medically ill older adults?
### Response:
| During hospital admission, certain psychosocial, psychiatric, and physical health characteristics of older medical patients place them at high risk for different levels of depression. Patients with major and minor depression resemble each other more than they do patients without depression. These findings may help clin... |
### Instruction:
Does use of cerebrospinal fluid shunt in patients having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with cryptococcal meningitis and uncontrollable intracranial hypertension?
### Response:
| Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who develop cryptococcal meningitis and who suffer serious visual loss or ocular palsies with elevated pressures should be considered for cerebrospinal fluid shunting at an early stage. |
### Instruction:
Do histone-specific Th0 and Th1 clones derived from systemic lupus erythematosus patients induce double-stranded DNA antibody production?
### Response:
| Th cells specific for histones may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE by inducing autoantibodies to dsDNA. Both Th1 and Th2 cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. The presence of histone-specific Th cells in a healthy individual indicates the importance of peripheral tolerance for preventi... |
### Instruction:
Does administration of OKT3 as a two-hour infusion attenuate first-dose side effects?
### Response:
| Thus, complement activation seems to play an additional role in the development of side effects after the first OKT3 dose. |
### Instruction:
Does physostigmine increase the dose of propofol required to induce anaesthesia?
### Response:
| Physostigmine pretreatment increases the dose of propofol required to produce loss of consciousness. |
### Instruction:
Does pulsatile stretch stimulate superoxide production in human aortic endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Short-term stretch increased superoxide production from human aortic endothelial cells via NADPH oxidase and NOS (III), whereas prolonged stretch increased both superoxide and NO production. The increase in NOS (III) protein with prolonged stretch acts as a scavenger mechanism whereby NO inactivates superoxide. Tetrahy... |
### Instruction:
Do vitamins C and E inhibit O2- production in the pig coronary artery?
### Response:
| The present study is the first to show increased O2- production in injured vessels and to demonstrate that antioxidant vitamins reduce O2- production. These results suggest that beneficial effects of antioxidant vitamins in coronary artery disease are related, in part, to alterations in vessel redox state. |
### Instruction:
Do physiological concentrations of estradiol attenuate endothelin 1-induced coronary vasoconstriction in vivo?
### Response:
| We conclude that estradiol attenuates ET-1-induced vasoconstriction, possibly through effects on the ET(A) receptor, because selective ET(B) receptor-induced stimulation with sarafotoxin remained unchanged. Such an effect on the ET(A) receptor may relate to the antianginal properties of estrogens. |
### Instruction:
Is human protein C receptor present primarily on endothelium of large blood vessels : implications for the control of the protein C pathway?
### Response:
| These studies suggest that EPCR may be important in enhancing protein C activation on large vessels. The presence of high levels of EPCR on arterial vessels may help explain why partial protein C deficiency is a weak risk factor for arterial thrombosis. |
### Instruction:
Does selective avoidance of postoperative locoregional radiotherapy in breast cancer seem to be justified?
### Response:
| By a process of careful selection of patients for locoregional irradiation, the number of fields of irradiation given to patients with breast cancer can be reduced by up to 80% without causing a rise in the rate of locoregional recurrences. |
### Instruction:
Is a mutation in plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase ( Val279 -- > Phe ) a genetic risk factor for stroke?
### Response:
| These results suggest that plasma PAF acetylhydrolase deficiency may be a risk factor for stroke. This may explain the relatively high prevalence of stroke in Japan, as the mutation is more common among Japanese than Caucasians. |
### Instruction:
Is use of commonly prescribed antibiotics associated with prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults?
### Response:
| Coincidental antibiotic treatment is not associated with H. pylori prevalence in adults. |
### Instruction:
Is constitutive modulation of Raf-1 protein kinase associated with differential gene expression of several known and unknown genes?
### Response:
| This study reports novel components of the Raf-1 signaling pathway. alpha 1-ACT, HEF-1 alpha, COX-II, and OAz have been previously implicated in diverse cellular responses including transformation, energy metabolism, and cell survival. Our data suggest that expression of these genes may play a role in the Raf-1-mediate... |
### Instruction:
Do intestinal alkaline phosphatase isoforms in rabbit tissues differ in glycosylation patterns?
### Response:
| The primary structures of IAP and the IAP-like enzyme are basically similar, except for the glycosylation process of the respective AP isozymes. |
### Instruction:
Do catecholamines contribute to exertional dyspnoea and to the ventilatory response to exercise in normal humans?
### Response:
| Yohimbine administration causes increased noradrenaline release. This is associated with an increased ventilatory response and an increase in the sensation of exertion during steady state exercise. An increase in circulating noradrenaline might be a mechanism for both increased ventilation and pathological conditions o... |
### Instruction:
Does carbon dioxide spirogram ( but not capnogram ) detect leaking inspiratory valve in a circle circuit?
### Response:
| Circle circuit inspiratory valve leak will allow CO2-containing expirate to reverse flow into the inspiratory limb, with subsequent rebreathing during the next inspiration. This CO2 rebreathing causes imperceptible lengthening of the alveolar plateau of the capnogram and is detected only by using the CO2 spirogram (PCO... |
### Instruction:
Does the choice of anesthetic maintenance technique influence the antiinflammatory cytokine response to abdominal surgery?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that in addition to the widely reported proinflammatory cytokine response, elective abdominal surgery provokes an antiinflammatory response, which may be enhanced by total intravenous anesthesia. The ability of anesthetics to modify the cytokine response to surgery may have therapeutic potential... |
### Instruction:
Does chronic amiodarone reduce transmural dispersion of repolarization in the canine heart?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrate for the first time a direct effect of chronic amiodarone treatment to differentially alter the cellular electrophysiology of ventricular myocardium so as to produce an important decrease in transmural dispersion of repolarization, especially under conditions in which dispersion is exaggerated. Thes... |
### Instruction:
Does secretory immunoglobulin A block hypoxia-augmented bacterial passage across Madin-Darby canine kidney cell monolayers?
### Response:
| Secretory IgA is important in mucosal defense under both normal and shock conditions. |
### Instruction:
Are exaggerated blood pressure responses during mental stress associated with enhanced carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged Finnish men : findings from the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Study?
### Response:
| The tendency to show exaggerated pressor responses to mental stress is a significant independent correlate of atherosclerosis in this population sample of Finnish men. The effect does not appear to be accounted for by the confounding influence of other risk factors or preexisting clinical disease. |
### Instruction:
Do the effect of adjunctive mitomycin C in Molteno implant surgery?
### Response:
| Molteno device implantation with adjunctive intraoperative MMC in patients with complicated glaucoma may not offer a better chance of surgical success compared with Molteno implantation without MMC. |
### Instruction:
Is the required dose of erythropoietin during renal anaemia treatment related to the degree of impairment in erythrocyte deformability?
### Response:
| We conclude that the interindividual differences in bone marrow response to rHuEpo were small in these patients. Impaired erythrocyte deformability and inflammation seem to be factors associated with increased rHuEpo requirement. |
### Instruction:
Are the patterns of IL2 , IFN-gamma , IL4 and IL5 gene expression in Hodgkin 's disease and reactive lymph nodes similar?
### Response:
| The overall pattern of cytokine gene expression in classic HD is similar to that detected in reactive lymph nodes. Further studies are needed to determine whether differences in the absolute concentrations of cytokines released in HD versus reactive lymph nodes and the long-standing course of HD versus the self-limitin... |
### Instruction:
Is metabolic abnormality of calf skeletal muscle improved by localised muscle training without changes in blood flow in chronic heart failure?
### Response:
| In patients with chronic heart failure, localised calf skeletal muscle training improved oxidative capacity without changes in calf blood flow. This training also improved the subjective fatigue scale. This training method may therefore alleviate leg fatigue experienced in daily activities. |
### Instruction:
Is cholic acid synthesis reduced in pediatric liver recipients during graft dysfunction due to ischemic injury and allograft rejection?
### Response:
| Liver cell damage as a result of preservation injury or rejection leads to a reduction of biliary CA, resulting in a decrease of total biliary bile acids and the CA/CDCA ratio in pediatric liver recipients. This might be caused by a diminished secretion of bile acids and by a decreased synthesis of bile acids. |
### Instruction:
Does infection-associated macrophage activation accelerate chronic renal allograft rejection in rats?
### Response:
| As the later events of chronic rejection seem to be mediated primarily by macrophages and their products, administration of LPS accelerated the tempo and activity of these cells in the development of chronic rejection. These findings may explain the clinical observation that infection may be an important risk factor fo... |
### Instruction:
Is a high serum concentration of interleukin-6 predictive of relapse in quiescent Crohn 's disease?
### Response:
| Interleukin-6 serum level alone or in association with other biological parameters such as acid alpha-1-glycoprotein or the soluble interleukin-2 receptor serum level may be useful for predicting the course of the disease in patients with quiescent Crohn's disease. |
### Instruction:
Does seasonal increase in human IgE and IgG4 antisaliva antibodies to Aedes mosquito bite?
### Response:
| These results show that seasonal exposure to mosquito bites leads to an increased IgE, IgG4 and IgG1 antibody response, a phenomenon similar to that occurring e.g. in pollen allergy. |
### Instruction:
Does constant elevation in renal pelvic pressure induce an increase in urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in a nonobstructive porcine model?
### Response:
| Excessively high collecting system pressure induced renal cellular injury, as reflected by an increase in urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase levels. While renal pelvic pressure up to 10 cm. water appeared to be innocuous, renal cellular injury was evident within as little as 1 hour at renal pelvic pressures 20 cm.... |
### Instruction:
Are positive chronotropic actions of parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide associated with increases in the current , I ( f ) , and the slope of the pacemaker potential?
### Response:
| These observations provide, for the first time, direct electrophysiological support for the chronotropic actions of PTH and PTHrP. They suggest that classic hormones and paracrine factors can have multiple functions and that in the case of PTH and PTHrP, a newly recognized action is to alter automaticity directly. |
### Instruction:
Do an office systems approach to cancer prevention in primary care?
### Response:
| Office systems hold promise in enhancing provision of cancer prevention services in primary care. The practice should be approached as a team, and should include practice clinicians as well as nonclinical staff members. Current research should provide answers over the next few years about the cost-effectiveness of vari... |
### Instruction:
Are summary measures of the insulin resistance syndrome adverse among Mexican-American versus non-Hispanic white children : the Corpus Christi Child Heart Study?
### Response:
| Our results support the hypothesis that MA children exhibit a greater degree of the insulin resistance syndrome than NHW children, especially among boys. We conclude that some of the factors responsible for the increased risk of NIDDM seen among MA adults are demonstrable in childhood. |
### Instruction:
Is cardiopulmonary and arterial baroreflex-mediated control of forearm vasomotor tone impaired after acute stroke?
### Response:
| The present study has identified abnormal vasomotor responses to LBNP after acute stroke, with an increase in FVR only being observed in control subjects in response to nonhypotensive and similar hypotensive levels of LBNP. In acute stroke patients, the stimulus of hypotensive LBNP appears to be compensated by an incre... |
### Instruction:
Does mural delivery of iloprost with use of hydrogel-coated balloon catheters suppress local platelet aggregation?
### Response:
| Quantifiable and reproducible methods for loading iloprost onto hydrogel-coated angioplasty balloons were developed. The best of these methods was able to deliver enough iloprost into the wall to significantly reduce local platelet aggregation. |
### Instruction:
Does etomoxir improve left ventricular performance of pressure-overloaded rat heart?
### Response:
| The long-term treatment with etomoxir improved functional capacity of pressure-overloaded left ventricle, which can be attributed to an enhanced myocardial performance. Chronic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 inhibition may thus represent a candidate approach for developing novel agents that are useful in the preventi... |
### Instruction:
Is intimal hyperplasia after balloon injury attenuated by blocking selectins?
### Response:
| The cell adhesion molecules E-selectin and L-selectin are expressed after balloon injury. Blockade of the selectins has a favorable effect on the response to vascular injury. |
### Instruction:
Do adolescents report their need for and use of health care services?
### Response:
| A majority of high school-age adolescents had visited health care providers within the year prior to study. However, the number of adolescents who reported unmet specific health care needs within the same time period remained substantial. |
### Instruction:
Does ascorbate stimulate type I and type III collagen in human Tenon 's fibroblasts?
### Response:
| This culture system will be useful for exploring factors that may alter collagen production and could potentially affect wound healing. |
### Instruction:
Does acute hyperglycaemia affect anorectal motor and sensory function in normal subjects?
### Response:
| An acute elevation of blood glucose to 12 mmol/l inhibits internal and external anal sphincter function and increases rectal sensitivity in normal subjects. In contrast, physiological changes in blood glucose do not have a significant effect on anorectal motor and sensory function. |
### Instruction:
Does ceramide stimulate prostaglandin production by human amnion and decidual cells?
### Response:
| We suggest that term human amnion cells and decidual cells are responsive to ceramide independent of IL-1 beta and that generation of these substances in response to an infection in the uterus may lead to increased PG production by human gestational tissues, indicating that there are several mechanisms leading to PG pr... |
### Instruction:
Are heart rate and blood pressure variabilities increased in pregnancy-induced hypertension?
### Response:
| Neural control of the heart rate and blood pressure are disturbed in pregnancy-induced hypertension, as shown by increased heart rate and blood pressure variability. Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic control of the heart rate and blood pressure appear to be increased. The maladaptation of the cardiovascular syst... |
### Instruction:
Does immunosuppression prolong adenoviral mediated transgene expression in cardiac allograft transplantation?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that transgene expression using adenoviral vectors is prolonged by immunosuppression in the heart transplantation setting. |
### Instruction:
Does systemic administration of the iron chelator deferiprone attenuate subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced cerebral vasospasm in the rabbit?
### Response:
| Previous experimental studies suggested that iron chelation can be effective in attenuating cerebral vasospasm after SAH. Deferiprone is a recently developed iron chelator that has been extensively evaluated for the treatment of patients requiring chronic blood transfusions. The present study demonstrates that deferipr... |
### Instruction:
Does reference range for biochemical and haematological values in farmed saltwater crocodile ( Crocodylus porosus ) yearlings?
### Response:
| The results were comparable with published reference ranges for other crocodilian species. Other published results of haematological values from saltwater crocodiles were from very young (6-week-old) hatchlings and older (2- to 4-year-old) crocodiles. Differences in values were presumed to be caused by age-related fact... |
### Instruction:
Does percutaneous transluminal mitral valvuloplasty normalize baroreflex sensitivity and sympathetic activity in patients with mitral stenosis?
### Response:
| Sympathetic activity is increased in patients with mitral stenosis. Mitral valvuloplasty in such patients results in early and long-lasting normalization of sympathetic nerve activity, possibly because of an improvement in arterial baroreflex sensitivity. |
### Instruction:
Does house call to the elderly -- a vanishing practice among physicians?
### Response:
| A very small percentage (0.88 percent) of elderly Medicare patients, mainly those who are very sick and near the end of life, receive house calls from physicians. |
### Instruction:
Does cyclosporin A inhibit monocyte tissue factor activation in cardiac transplant recipients?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that TF activation, occurring in mononuclear cells of cardiac transplant recipients, is inhibited by treatment with CsA. Inhibition of monocyte TF induction by CsA may contribute to its successful use in cardiac transplant medicine and might be useful in managing further settings of vascular pat... |
### Instruction:
Is exaggerated reactivity to mental stress associated with exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in an asymptomatic high-risk population?
### Response:
| An exaggerated cardiovascular response to mental stress is associated with exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in persons with preclinical coronary heart disease. |
### Instruction:
Do children with in utero cocaine exposure differ from control subjects on intelligence testing?
### Response:
| In an inner-city cohort, IQ scores did not differ between cocaine-exposed and control children. However, both groups performed poorly. |
### Instruction:
Does pentoxifylline reduce nephrotoxicity associated with cyclosporine in the rat by its rheological properties?
### Response:
| Our results show that administration of POF prevents the nephrotoxicity associated with CsA. This beneficial effect could be related to its rheological properties. |
### Instruction:
Does the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor voglibose ( AO-128 ) change pharmacodynamics or pharmacokinetics of warfarin?
### Response:
| Voglibose modified neither the pharmacodynamics nor the pharmacokinetics of warfarin under steady-state conditions. Concomitant treatment was well tolerated and has been proven to be safe for further clinical use. |
### Instruction:
Does heavy prenatal alcohol exposure with or without physical features of fetal alcohol syndrome lead to IQ deficits?
### Response:
| These results indicate that high levels of prenatal alcohol exposure are related to an increased risk for deficits in intellectual functioning and that these can occur in children without all of the physical features required for a diagnosis of FAS. They also emphasize the need for conducting a thorough history of pren... |
### Instruction:
Do effect of high-frequency electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve in an animal model of cochlear implants?
### Response:
| The decrease of the WAVE I amplitude in response to high-rate pulsatile stimulation reflects an adaptation of the auditory nerve due, at least in part, to the refractory period of auditory nerve fibers. |
### Instruction:
Do results from a pilot study using the nucleus CI24M/SP5 cochlear implant system?
### Response:
| The results indicate that most of the subjects were able to perform well in speech recognition tests. The test performances appeared to be strongly affected by the duration of deafness. The speech processor's four user-selectable program memories have been extremely useful for the subjects to evaluate variations to the... |
### Instruction:
Does intraoperative gamma detection reveal abdominal endocrine tumors more efficiently than somatostatin receptor scintigraphy?
### Response:
| The intraoperative H-probe2 examination provided substantial improvement in the detection of small endocrine lesions accumulating [(111)In]-DTPA-D-[Phe1]-octreotide and all lesions with a size > 5 mm in greatest dimension could be identified. |
### Instruction:
Is primate smooth muscle cell migration from aortic explants mediated by endogenous platelet-derived growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor acting through matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that SMC migration from primate aortic explants is dependent on endogenous MMP2, MMP9, PDGF, and bFGF. The data also suggest that PDGF-induced (PDGF-BB or possibly PDGF-AB) migration is dependent on MMP2, whereas bFGF-induced migration depends on both MMP2 and MMP9. |
### Instruction:
Does bile regulate the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on rat intestinal epithelium?
### Response:
| It is concluded that the presence of bile is required for the expression of MHC class II molecules on gut epithelium and that the cytokine components of bile may be the inducing agents. |
### Instruction:
Do relative blood volume measurements by magnetic resonance imaging facilitate detection of testicular torsion?
### Response:
| The authors conclude that MPEG-PL-DTPA-Gd can be used to obtain functional (rBV), morphologic (tunica enhancement), and angiographic (venous engorgement, arterial compromise) findings that should improve the diagnosis of testicular torsion in the acute setting. |
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